资源简介

(共88张PPT)
Period Four　Reading for Writing—Video Time
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
课前自主预习
A．模式；图案；模范
B．论证；争辩；争论
C．定期的；经常的；正常的
D．肤浅的；浅的
E．地球；世界；地球仪
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．This is a really successful man—you can’t argue with that． (　　)
2．Generally，these fish are found in shallow waters around the coast． (　　)
3．Regular exercise helps prevent weight gain． (　　)
【答案】1－3 BDC
4．This kind of plant can grow in many parts of the globe． (　　)
5．A pattern is the repeated or regular way in which something happens or is done． (　　)
【答案】4－5 EA
Ⅱ．预备写作素材
1．Different people have _____________ space exploration．
对于探索宇宙，不同的人有不同的观点。
2．60% of the people hold the view that _________________ while 40% think it wastes lots of time and money．
百分之六十的人认为探索太空会对我们有益，而百分之四十的人认为它浪费了大量的时间和金钱。
【答案】1．different ideas about　2．exploring space will benefit us　
3．I think there are many advantages in exploring space. First，it has made a difference in the fight against world hunger. Second，it makes us realise that __________________．
我认为探索宇宙有很多优点。第一，它在抗击世界性饥饿的战斗中发挥了作用；第二，它让我们认识到地球的资源是有限的。
【答案】our Earth’s resources are limited
4．__________________，the rest of the people are against the plan because it may result in some bad effects．
另一方面，其余的人反对这个计划，因为它可能会导致一些不良影响。
【答案】On the other hand
5．I think we should ____________________ exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems．
为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法，我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。
【答案】spend more time and money
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．argue vt．& vi．论证；争辩；争论
(P44)Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space．
【翻译】有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱探索太空。
(1)argue with sb (over/about sth) (就某事)与某人争辩/论
argue for/against sth 据理赞成/反对某事
(2)argue sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
argue sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
(3)argument n．争论；争吵；论点
It is beyond argument that...无可争辩的是……
【用法详解】
They both agreed to see a film but they argued with each other about/over which film to see．
他们俩都同意看电影，但却为看哪部电影而彼此争论。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I’m not going to argue __________ you，but I think you’re wrong．
(2)It is beyond ________(argue) that Taiwan is an indivisible part of China．
(3)The saleswoman argued me ________ buying the car but I refused．
【答案】(1)with　(2)argument　(3)into
完成句子
(4)We try to _________________________alone．
我们尽力说服她不要独自去那儿。
【答案】(4)argue her out of going there
2．limited adj．有限的
(P44)Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited．
【翻译】把我们星球的照片看作是在黑暗海洋中一个岛屿的照片让人们意识到我们星球的资源是有限的。
(1)be limited to 受限于；局限到
(2)limit vt．限制；限定 n．限度；限制；限量
limit...to...把……限定在……之内
There is no limit to...……是无限的。
set a limit/limits on...设定……的限度
within the limit of...在……范围内
【用法详解】
A person’s life is limited but serving the people is limitless．I want to devote my limited life to serving the people limitlessly．
人的生命是有限的，但为人民服务是无限的。我想要把有限的生命无限地奉献给为人民服务这件事上。
without limit 无限地；无限制地
(4)limitless adj．无限制的
(5)limitlessly adv．无限制地
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The amount of money we have is so ________ (limit) that we can’t buy the new house．
(2)You should try to limit your speech _______ five minutes．
【答案】(1)limited　(2)to
完成句子
(3)The length of the article should ______________________ 400 words or so．
文章的长度应该限制在400词左右。
(4)They did well ________________ their knowledge．
在他们的知识范围内，他们已经做得很好了。
【答案】 (3)be limited to　(4)within the limit of
3．attach vt．系；绑；贴
(P46)While (sleeping)，they must attach themselves to something so as (to prevent) floating around．
【翻译】(睡觉)时，他们必须把自己绑在某样东西上，以(防止)四处飘浮。
(1)attach...to...把……系到/附在……上；使……和……相联系(其中的to为介词，其后常接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式)。
attach oneself to sb/sth 依附于某人；参加某事
attach importance/significance to...重视……
(2)attached adj．附属的；依恋的
be attached to 依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于
(3)attachment n．附件；享受；连接
【用法详解】
Please attach these labels to your hand luggage．
请把这些标签系在您的手提行李上。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I wonder whether you have already attached a recent photo __________ your application form．
(2)The middle school __________(attach) to Beijing Normal University is well-known across the country．
【答案】(1)to　(2)attached　
完成句子
(3)I ______________________________ English newspapers regularly because this can help me broaden my horizons．
我认为经常读英文报非常重要，因为这会帮助我拓宽视野。
【答案】attach great importance to reading
写作高效提升
◎话题佳句
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．Recently the students in our class have had a heated discussion about whether...
最近，我们班的学生关于是否……展开了热烈的讨论。
2．I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about...
我写信是为了告诉你我们关于……的讨论。
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．Of all students，40% of them think...，but others do not agree．
在所有的学生中，40%的人认为……，但其他人不同意。
4．Some students are for the idea/are in favour of it/agree with it，while/but/however，others are against it/disagree with it．
一些学生赞成/同意这个想法，但是/然而，另一些学生反对/不同意。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．There is no doubt that...
毫无疑问……
6．Personally，I believe it is...
就我个人而言，我认为……
◎写作范例
【写作任务】
最近，你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据所提供的信息，写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况，并谈谈自己的看法。
内容包括：
30%的同学认为不值得探索 1．人类应该先弄明白如何解决地球上的问题；
2．宇航员探索太空太危险。
70%的同学认为值得探索 1．地球上的资源是有限的，太空探索可能会帮助解决这个问题；
2．太空探索过程中收集的数据对人类非常有用。
我的观点 ……
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
【写作指导】
主题 有关太空探索的讨论 体裁 议论文
人称 第一、三人称 时态 一般现在时
布局 第一部分：引出话题； 第二部分：详细介绍学生的不同观点及理由； 第三部分：表达自己的观点。 【遣词造句】
(1)__________ vt．& vi．论证；争辩；争论
(2)__________ n．宇航员
(3)__________ n．资源
(4)__________ adj．有限的
答案：(1)argue　(2)astronaut　(3)resource　 (4)limited　
(5)__________ n．数据
(6)太空探索 ____________
(7)弄懂；弄明白 ____________
答案：(5)data　(6)space exploration　(7)figure out
【完成句子】
(1)Recently the students in our class have had a heated discussion on ______________________．
最近我们班就太空是否值得探索进行了热烈的讨论。
答案：whether the space is worth exploring
(2)30% of us argue that it is not worthwhile_______________ ____________，and think that mankind should ______________ how to solve the problems on Earth first．
30%的人认为探索太空是不值得的，并且认为人类应该先弄明白如何解决地球上的问题。
答案：(2)to explore the space；figure out
(3)In addition，it is too risky _______________________．
另外，这对宇航员来说太危险了。
(4)However，70% think space is worth exploring because ______________and space exploration may help solve the problem.
然而，70%的人认为太空值得探索，因为地球上的资源有限，太空探索可能有助于解决这个问题。
答案：(3)for the astronauts
(4)the resources on Earth are limited
(5)It can _____________ promote the development of society ________________ enrich our life．
它不仅可以促进社会的发展，而且可以丰富我们的生活。
答案：(5)not only；but also
【句式升级】
(6)将句(2)升级为含有动词的-ing形式作状语的句子。
_________________________________________________
答案：(6)30% of us argue that it is not worthwhile to explore the space，thinking that mankind should figure out how to solve the problems on Earth first．
(7)将句(5)升级为倒装句。
_________________________________________________
答案：(7)Not only can it promote the development of society but also it can enrich our life．
【连句成篇】
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
One possible version：
Recently the students in our class have had a heated discussion on whether the space is worth exploring．Students hold different ideas about it．
30% of us argue that it is not worthwhile to explore the space，thinking that mankind should figure out how to solve the problems on Earth first．In addition，it is too risky for the astronauts．
However，70% think space is worth exploring because the resources on Earth are limited and space exploration may help solve the problem．Besides，the data collected during the space exploration are of great benefit to human beings．
As far as I am concerned，it is very worthwhile to explore the space．Not only can it promote the development of society but also it can enrich our life．
◎写作练笔
假定你是李华，你的新西兰好友Chris给你发来邮件询问你对探索火星的看法。请你给他回复一封邮件。
内容包括：
1．陈述你的观点；
2．说明你的理由。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当拓展细节，以使行文连贯；
3．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version：
Dear Chris，
It’s glad to hear from you．I want to share with you my views on exploring Mars．To be brief，I firmly believe it’s necessary and worthwhile to explore Mars．
To begin with，exploring space is a competition of comprehensive national strength．With advanced aerospace science and technology，China can stand proudly among the nations of the world．
Secondly，by exploring Mars，studying its past and present and predicting future changes，we can better protect Earth．Finally，it is also a goal to prepare for human migration to Mars．A lot of research shows that Mars is potentialy men’s second home．
What do you think of the exploration of Mars Looking forward to your brilliant ideas．
Yours，
Li Hua
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Sorry! I will not ________(争论) over the matter with you any more．
2．He made a very thorough ______(分析) on the situation．
3．I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise ______ (定期地)．
【答案】1．argue　2．analysis　3．regularly
4．It was fortunate that the water was ______(浅的)．
5．Our country has a large population，with vast territory and rich ________(资源)．
6．Time is ________(有限的)，so all of us must hurry up if we don’t want to be late．
【答案】4．shallow　5．resources　6．limited　
7．I will ________(贴) a copy of my notes on my desk for your information．
8．The details of today’s flights are displayed on the _______ (监视器)．
【答案】7．attach　8．monitor
Ⅱ．短语填空
as a result；in closing；make a difference；be supposed to；result in；run out
1．Every effort you are making now can really ____________ to your future．
2．You _______ arrive before 8 o’clock on Monday morning.
【答案】1．make a difference　2．are supposed to
3．The couple had to stop halfway because the petrol had ______________．
4．His car alarm had been going off for ten days and，____________，the battery was flat．
5．________，I want to thank all our sponsors and supporters for what they have done for us．
6．As is known to all，hard work __________ success．
【答案】3．run out　4．as a result　5．In closing　6．results in
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．My elder sister sent me an email last night with a photo ________________ it．
昨晚我姐姐给我发了一封邮件，里面附有一张照片。
2．They wasted a lot of time ________________the matter．
他们争论这件事情浪费了很多时间。
【答案】1．attached to　2．arguing about
3．After _______________ his homework，he went shopping with his mother．
完成作业后，他和妈妈去购物了。
4．I am not sure __________________________________．
我不确定他是否会离开。
【答案】3．having finished
4．whether he will leave (or not)　
5．Eating too much meat can __________ physical changes，such as getting fat．
吃过多的肉会导致身体变化，比如发胖。
6．This invention can _________to at least the mid-nineteenth century．
这项发明至少可以追溯到19世纪中叶。
【答案】5．result in　6．date back
提升练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Along with a rising number of space missions by government agencies and private industries，comes a fresh set of problems for Earth: potentially dangerous space junk．
A recent study published in the scientific journal Nature Astronomy concluded “that current space practices have a 10 percent chance of one or more deaths over a decade”．In other words，according to researchers from the University of Victoria and the University of British Columbia，there’s roughly a one-in-ten chance that the next decade will witness falling space junk kill someone．
The space junk orbiting Earth is an unfortunate by-product of our desire to explore and document space．According to 2021 figures from NASA and the Department of Defense’s Space Surveillance Data，the agencies were actively tracking more than 27，000 pieces of space junk，most of which are larger than a softball and that casually orbit the planet．
The floating space junk is certainly a problem，but not all the objects must come down，and，in fact，a number of pieces simply burn up in the atmosphere．Sometimes those objects，particularly large ones like used rocket attachments，give in to gravity and fall back down to Earth to be dealt with once again by their human makers．But typically，people don’t die or even get injured by this phenomenon—because many of the falling pieces crash into the ocean．
They also have to deal with the unsettling feeling of knowing that large rocket pieces can just fall from the sky and that it might affect people in certain parts of the world more than others．
This poses an obvious safety risk to people on the ground. “When some large parts of space junk return to Earth，the parts of their mass survive the heat of atmosphere．Many of the surviving pieces are potentially dangerous，giving serious risks on land，at sea，and to people in airplanes，” the study explains．
(　　)1．What is the conclusion of the study published in Nature Astronomy
A．People will see space junk easily in the future．
B．Some people may be hit to death by objects from the space．
C．Government agencies and private industries will develop fast．
D．There will be a 10 percent chance for human to die in 10 years．
(　　)2．What can be inferred from the third paragraph
A．Normally we should not worry about space junk．
B．All the space junk will get burnt in the sky．
C．The large space junk will destroy the ocean．
D．The floating space junk will come down finally．
(　　)3．What might be discussed in the following part of the text
A．How to find space junk．
B．How to deal with space junk．
C．How to check the space junk．
D．How to inform people of the danger．
(　　)4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Space Junk Causes Pollution
B．How to Take Back Space Junk
C．Space Junk Puts People at Risk
D．Exploring Space Takes in Unfortunate Results
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了随着政府机构和私营企业进行越来越多的太空任务，地球面临着一个新的问题：潜在的危险的太空碎片。最近，一项发表在科学期刊《自然天文学》上的研究得出结论，目前的做法在未来十年内有10%的几率造成一人或多人死亡。
1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study published in the scientific journal...there’s roughly a one-in-ten chance that the next decade will witness falling space junk kill someone．”可知，该研究的结论是未来十年可能会有人被太空坠落物砸死，也就是说，有些人可能会被来自太空的物体砸死。故选B项。
2．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The floating space junk is certainly a problem，but not all the objects must come down，and，in fact，a number of pieces simply burn up in the atmosphere．”及“But typically，people don’t die or even get injured by this phenomenon—because many of the falling pieces crash into the ocean．”可知，虽然太空漂浮垃圾是个问题，但是很多碎片在大气中燃烧了，或者在通常情况下，即使有许多太空垃圾碎片坠落，但是都坠入了海洋。由此可推知，通常情况下，我们不用担心太空垃圾。故选A项。
3．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When some large parts of space junk return to Earth，the parts of their mass survive the heat of atmosphere．Many of the surviving pieces are potentially dangerous，giving serious risks on land，at sea，and to people in airplanes...”可知，当一些大块的太空垃圾返回地球时，它们的部分碎片在大气层的高温下幸存下来。由此，对陆地、海上和飞机上的人都有严重的风险。由此可推测，下文应该阐述的是如何处理这些太空垃圾。故选B项。
4．C　标题推测题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了随着政府机构和私营企业越来越多的太空任务，给地球带来了一系列新的问题：潜在危险的太空碎片。一项最近发表在《自然天文学》上的研究得出结论，目前的做法在未来十年内有10%的几率造成一人或多人死亡。因此，C项“太空垃圾使人类处于危险之中”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
Careers in science are often considered as difficult for students lacking talent or intelligence，yet the experience of Scott Kelly，commander of the International Space Station，stands as a(n)
　1　. to prove it’s wrong．
As a child，he displayed little interest in science or any other
　2　．He spent most of his school days daydreaming because he was unable to 　3　 the lessons．
As a result，his grades were terrible and he 　4　 graduated from high school，doubting whether he would ever realise his dreams．
That all 　5　 when he picked up and read The Right Stuff，Tom Wolfe’s book of the pioneering Americans who first explored space．　6　 at last，he was determined to be an astronaut，which meant doing well in science classes．Therefore，he 　7　. his mind to perform well in his science classes．
After years of daydreaming，it was not an easy 　8　．But he approached it like a game．The more he 　9　 his study skills，the more he gained knowledge and improved. Eventually，it became a personal 　10　 to see how capable he could become. No one was more surprised than him when this 　11　 daydreamer began to get straight A’s in his science exams，which is 　12　 for him to become an astronaut．
We’d better stop 　13　 the statement that science is just too hard．If you are a student who has been told “you’re not a science person” or “your mind doesn’t function that way”，just 　14　. such comments! Anyone who desires to learn can master these subjects—they just need to be 　15　 to do the work．
(　　)1．A．example B．way
C．item D．data
(　　)2．A．schedules B．goals
C．subjects D．students
(　　)3．A．work on B．set about
C．think about D．focus on
(　　)4．A．truly B．barely
C．swiftly D．surely
(　　)5．A．finished B．realised
C．happened D．changed
(　　)6．A．Inspired B．Disappointed
C．Satisfied D．Shocked
(　　)7．A．gave up B．made up
C．formed into D．got into
(　　)8．A．desire B．model
C．task D．system
(　　)9．A．planned B．practised
C．arranged D．exchanged
(　　)10．A．warning B．deal
C．movement D．competition
(　　)11．A．real B．free
C．former D．latest
(　　)12．A．significant B．impractical
C．unwise D．helpless
(　　)13．A．signing B．breaking
C．furthering D．criticising
(　　)14．A．apply B．ignore
C．return D．handle
(　　)15．A．willing B．worried
C．equal D．forced
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Scott Kelly从对科学不感兴趣到成为国际空间站指挥官的转变。作者借此强调了只要有决心和努力，任何人都能克服困难，实现自己的梦想。
1．A　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“Careers in science are often considered as difficult for students lacking talent or intelligence，yet the experience of Scott Kelly...”可推知，Scott Kelly的经历作为例子证明了这种观点是错误的。故选A项。
2．C　考查名词辨析。根据空格前的“he displayed little interest in science or any other”可知，他对科学或者其他任何科目表现出很少的兴趣。故选C项。
3．D　考查动词短语辨析。根据空格前的“He spent most of his school days daydreaming”可知，他无法专注于课堂。故选D项。
4．B　考查副词辨析。根据空格前的“As a result，his grades were terrible”可推知，他的成绩很差，高中勉强毕业。故选B项。
5．D　考查动词辨析。根据上文内容和下文中的“...he was determined to be an astronaut，which meant doing well in science classes．”可知，当他拿起并阅读《太空先锋》时，一切都改变了。故选D项。
6．A　考查形容词辨析。根据上文内容和空格后的“he was determined to be an astronaut”可知，他受到鼓舞。故选A项。
7．B　考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“...he was determined to be an astronaut，which meant doing well in science classes．”可知，他下定决心要在科学课上表现出色。故选B项。
8．C　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“to perform well in his science classes”以及空格前的“After years of daydreaming”可知，在科学课上表现出色对他来说不是一个简单的任务。故选C项。
9．B　考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“his study skills，the more he gained knowledge and improve”可知，他越练习学习技巧，收获的知识就越多。故选B项。
10．D　考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“to see how capable he could become”以及语境可知，这变成了他和他自己的竞赛。故选D项。
11．C　考查形容词辨析。根据第二段中的“He spent most of his school days daydreaming”和空格后的名词daydreamer可知，此处指这位曾经的白日梦者开始在科学考试中取得全A的成绩。故选C项。
12．A　考查形容词辨析。根据空格前的“began to get straight A’s in his science exams”以及语境可知，他在科学考试中拿到全A的成绩对他成为一名宇航员很重要。故选A项。
13．C　考查动词辨析。根据上文内容以及语境可知，作者在此处建议我们最好停止进一步宣扬“科学太难了”的说法。故选C项。
14．B　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“Anyone who desires to learn can master these subjects...”可知，如果你是一个被告知“你不是学科学的料”或者“你的大脑不是那样运转”的学生，那就忽略这些评论。故选B项。
15．A　考查形容词辨析。根据空格前的“Anyone who desires to learn can master these subjects—they just need to be”可知，只要愿意学，任何人都能掌握这些科目。故选A项。(共89张PPT)
Period Two　Reading and Thinking
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.猜词意
A．独立的；自立的
B．人类
C．有决心的；意志坚定的
D．vt．& vi．标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志
E．失望的；沮丧的
1．As soon as it was dark，Mrs Evans gave the signal quickly． (　　)
2．Judging from what he said at the meeting，he was very disappointed． (　　)
3．Shirley tells me she would like to be financially independent． (　　)
【答案】1－3 DEA
4．If you are determined to do something，you have made a firm decision to do it and will not let anything stop you． (　　)
5．Combating(应对) climate change is a task not only for us but also for the future of mankind． (　　)
【答案】4－5 CB
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．universe n．宇宙；天地万物→ ___________ adj．普遍的；全体的；全世界的；通用的
(参考：nature→natural)
2．disappoint vt．使失望→ ________ adj．失望的；沮丧的→ ________n．失望；沮丧
(参考：astonish→astonished→astonishment)
【答案】1．universal 2．disappointed；disappointment
3．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt．渴望；期望→ ____________ adj．可取的；向往的
(参考：believe→believable)
4．independent adj．独立的；自立的→ ________ adv．独立地；自立地
(参考：different→differently)
【答案】3．desirable　4．independently
5．determine vt．查明；确定；决定→ _________ n．决心
(参考：imagine→imagination)
【答案】5．determination
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．He _____________ find out who is responsible for this．
他决心弄清楚谁该对此事负责。
2．She is always ____________________ at school．
她总是第一个到校的。
【答案】1．is determined to　2．the first to arrive　
3．Mrs Green ____________________ see her son’s grades．
看到儿子的成绩，格林太太很失望。
4．We conclude that attitude about compensation __________ geography．
我们推断出对报酬方式的态度不依赖于地理区域。
【答案】3．was disappointed to　4．is independent of
5．My roommate is thinner than before．______________ she is on a diet．
我的室友比以前瘦了，那是因为她在节食。
【答案】5．That’s because
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ．阅读课文，完成下面的思维导图
【答案】1．vehicles　2．first　3．moon　4．orbited
5．missions　6．further
Ⅱ．阅读课文，选择正确选项
(　　)1．What do we know about Neil Armstrong
A．He was from the USSR．
B．He was the first person to travel in space．
C．He was in charge of launching the satellites．
D．He was the first person to walk on the moon．
【答案】 D
(　　)2．Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou ________ spacecraft in ________．
A．3；2005 B．3；2003
C．5；2003 D．5；2005
【答案】C
(　　)3．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage
A．China’s space programme made great progress in a short time．
B．The Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR on 14 October 1957．
C．Nobody thought it possible to travel into space before the mid-20th century．
D．The International Space Station was built before America’s Challenger was launched．
【答案】A
(　　)4．Despite risks，we humans continue to explore space because ________．
A．we want to establish more space stations
B．we believe in the importance of space exploration
C．we can provide a continuous human presence in space
D．we plan to carry more brave people into space to earn money
【答案】B
(　　)5．What’s the author’s attitude to the space exploration
A．Negative． B．Disappointed．
C．Objective． D．Supportive．
【答案】D
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Thanks to the ongoing effort of 1.__________(determine) scientists，the dream of travelling into space in the hope of 2.__________(find) out more about the universe has come true. However，exploring space is both dangerous 3._____ challenging. One of the most dangerous 4.__________(part) of space exploration is helping people escape Earth’s gravity．
【答案】1．determined　2．finding　3．and 　4．parts
If there is 5.__________ mistake during the launch or return，it can lead to an accident 6.________ kills everyone 7._________ board. In spite of the huge risks，people will always continue to explore this final frontier．Though starting late，China 8.______ (make) great progress in a short time and become the third country to 9.__________(independent) send humans into space．The future of space exploration 10.__________(remain) bright．
【答案】5．a　6．that/which　7．on　8．has made　9．independently　10．remains
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．determined adj．有决心的；意志坚定的
(P40)However，scientists were determined to realise that dream．
【翻译】然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。
【用法详解】
(1)be determined to do sth 决心做某事
be determined that...下定决心……
(2)determine vt．查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth 决心做某事
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
(3)determination n．决心；坚定；决定
with determination 坚决地
From the determined expression on his face，we knew that he was determined to take up the job，which needed great patience and determination．
从他脸上坚定的表情来看，我们知道他决意接受这项工作，这需要极大的耐心和决心。
※【拓展提升】
与be determined to do sth意义相近的短语还有：make up one’s mind to do sth，decide to do sth，make a decision to do sth等。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)That young girl is determined ________ (carry) on with her education．
(2)She gave me a ________(determine) look，which implied she would never change her mind．
【答案】(1)to carry　(2)determined
(3)Now that you have expressed your ________(determine)，you should act．
(4)I have determined ________ working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation．
【答案】(3)determination　(4)on/upon
2．disappointment n．失望；沮丧
(P41)However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die．
【翻译】然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了很多悲伤和沮丧，但对探索宇宙的渴望没有消失。
【用法详解】
(1)to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是……
in disappointment 失望地
(2)disappointed adj．失望的；沮丧的
be disappointed in/with sb 对某人失望
be disappointed at/about sth 对某事失望
be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望
(3)disappoint vt．使失望
(4)disappointing adj．令人失望的
To our great disappointment，it rained every day of the trip and the roads there were in bad condition．Even worse，we were disappointed to get the disappointing news that the museum was closed．
令我们大失所望的是，旅程中的每一天都在下雨，而且路况不佳。更糟糕的是，我们失望地得到一个令人失望的消息——博物馆关门了。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Some people felt lonely and ________ (disappoint)with their new life in the city．
(2)He was disappointed ________(see) that she wasn’t at the party．
【答案】(1)disappointed　(2)to see
(3)How ________(disappoint)! The match just began when it rained．
(4)________ my disappointment，nothing has resulted from my efforts．
【答案】(3)disappointing　(4)To
3．desire n．渴望；欲望　vt．渴望；期望
(P41)However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die．
【翻译】然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了很多悲伤和沮丧，但对探索宇宙的渴望没有消失。
【用法详解】
(1)have a desire for sth 想得到某物
have a desire to do sth 想要做某事
have a desire that...(should) do sth 想要……做某事
(2)desire (sb) to do sth 想要(某人)做某事
desire that...(should) do...渴望……
(3)desirable adj．可取的；向往的
She desires that it (should) not be mentioned for the present.
她希望目前暂勿提及此事。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Everyone has a desire ________ success，but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it．
【答案】(1)for　
(2)Jack has a desire _____________(succeed) in the business negotiation．
(3)We desire that immediate help ________(give) to the locals who were in trouble．
【答案】(2)to succeed　(3)(should) be given　
完成句子
(4)Since I have difficulty adapting to the new surroundings，I ________________________ some suggestions．
由于我很难适应新环境，我希望你能给我一些建议。
【答案】desire you to offer/give me
4．independently adv．独立地；自立地
(P41)China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003，when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft．
【翻译】在2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船成功绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。
【用法详解】
(1)independent adj．独立的；自立的
be independent of sb/sth 不依赖某人/某物
(2)independence n．独立；自立
(3)depend vi．依赖；依靠
depend on/upon...依赖……；依靠……
depend on sb to do sth 依赖某人做某事
depend on it that...相信……
It (all) depends．/ That depends．看情况而定。
(4)dependent adj．依赖的；依靠的
(5)dependence n．依靠；依赖
I used to be dependent on my parents．But now I am independent of them．I can depend on myself．They are happy to see my independence．
我过去依赖父母。但是我现在独立了，能依靠自己。他们很高兴看到我的独立。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Not only my spoken English but also my ability to live __________(independent) has been improved a lot．
(2)All plants depend __________ the sun for their growth．
【答案】(1)independently　(2)on/upon
(3)Susan wanted to be independent ________ her parents．
(4)A study-abroad programme can teach students __________ (independent) and important life skills．
【答案】(3)of　(4)independence
5．carry on 继续做，坚持干
(P41)This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks．
【翻译】这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
【短语延伸】
carry on (with) sth 继续某事
carry on doing sth 继续做某事
carry out 执行；实施
carry sb through 帮助某人渡过难关
carry off夺得；赢得；巧妙应付；成功对付
We must carry on with the investigation until all the facts are found．
我们必须继续调查，直至真相大白。
Can the human race carry on expanding and growing the same way that it is now
人类能像现在这样继续发展和增长吗？
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)It was his courage as well as determination that carried him __________．
(2)All we need is enough money to carry on ________ our work．
【答案】(1)through　(2)with
(3)The college team carried ________ all the prizes of the table tennis．
(4)I think you should set a goal，work out a plan and carry ________ your plan step by step．
【答案】 (3)off　(4)out
◇句式解读
1．(P40)Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space．
【翻译】后来，苏联专注于把人们送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
【考点提炼】本句中的“to enter space”为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰“the first person”。
【归纳拓展】
当名词前有序数词或形容词最高级或the only，the last，the right等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
I am always the first person to get to the office．
我总是第一个到达办公室的人。
She was the only person in this village to be admitted into the key university．
她是这个村庄中唯一被这所重点大学录取的人。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Columbus was the first person _______(discover) America.
(2)She is the most suitable person ______(finish) the job．
【答案】(1)to discover　(2)to finish
完成句子
(3)If I have any further news，you will be______________．
如果我有任何进一步的消息，你会是第一个得知它的人。
【答案】(3)the first person to know it
2．(P41)Despite the difficulties，scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future．
【翻译】尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望能做出更多有价值的发现，使人类能够延续到未来很久。
【考点提炼】这是一个主从复合句。“Despite the difficulties”为介词短语作让步状语。
【归纳拓展】
(1)despite为介词，意为“尽管”，用于引导让步状语从句，它通常用来强调某个事实或情况并没有改变另一个事实或结果。
(2)despite后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式，不能直接接从句，可与in spite of互换使用；despite不能与but连用。
(3)despite/in spite of只能作介词使用，若其后接句子，需用“despite/in spite of＋the fact that＋从句”结构；although/though是从属连词，其后可以接完整的句子。
Despite/In spite of the rain，we went outside．
→Although/Though it was raining，we went outside．
尽管下着雨，我们还是出去了。
Despite the fact that she was tired，she kept working．
尽管她很累，她还是继续工作。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)________ feeling nervous，he gave a great speech at the conference．
(2)________ he was inexperienced，he managed to fulfill the task．
【答案】(1)Despite　(2)Although/Though
完成句子
(3)Despite __________________，she’s very approachable．
她虽然是个大明星，却非常平易近人。
【答案】(3)being a big star
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．We are determined ________(get) the work done before the New Year’s Day．
2．His new book ____________(launch) last month with an initial print run of 7,000 copies．
【答案】1．to get　2．was launched　
3．It is well known that the moon ___________ (orbit) around Earth．
4．In any event，we should carry on _________ (do) our research．
5．He felt _______(disappoint) at the result but he tried to put on a brave face．
【答案】3．orbits　4．doing　5．disappointed　
6．She is tired of the busy city life and desires ________(go) back to the countryside．
7．When all passengers were __________ board，the train pulled out of the station slowly．
8．We came to this small town in the hope ________ living a simple life．
【答案】6．to go　7．on 　8．of　
9．My head teacher always stresses the importance of thinking ________(independent)．
10．One should learn from the past mistakes so as ________ (avoid) falling into the same old trap again．
【答案】9．independently　10．to avoid
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．Even if Alice passed away，her daughter，Lorraine，________________ her dream．
尽管爱丽丝已经不在了，她的女儿洛林还在继续她的梦想。
【答案】carried on　
2．He didn’t get the job．__________________ he was late for the interview．
他没有得到那份工作，那是因为他面试迟到了。
【答案】That was because
3．“We spent the last two nights ________________ getting drunk with the crew，” he explains．
他解释说：“最后两个夜晚，我们和甲板上的船员们喝得酩酊大醉。”
【答案】on board　
4．They moved to Beijing ______________________ getting better treatment．
他们搬到了北京，希望能在那里得到更好的治疗。
5．We arrived early at the theatre ________________ occupy the front seats．
我们早早来到剧院，为了占到前排座位。
【答案】 4． in the hope of　5．so as to
6．She seldom makes all kinds of excuses when things ____________．
当事情出错时，她很少找各种借口。
【答案】go wrong
提升练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
Welcome to the Galactic Space Expo! The Galactic Space Expo，held at the City Convention Centre，is an exciting event designed for space lovers of all ages．This annual event aims to inspire the next generation of astronauts and scientists by providing engaging，hands-on experiences related to space exploration．
Event Details：
Dates: December 3rd to December 5th
Time: 9:00 am—6:00 pm daily
Location: City Convention Centre，Hall B
Highlights of the Expo：
1．Interactive Explore our life-size model of the International Space Station(ISS) and learn how astronauts live and work in space.
2．Space Technology showcase：Discover the latest advancements in space technology，including new satellite designs and Mars rover prototypes．
3．Astronaut Meet and Greet: Meet real-life astronauts and hear stories of their space adventures．
4．Workshops and Talks：Join in workshops on topics such as rocket building and attend talks by leading space scientists．
Tickets：
General Admission：$15 each
Students and Seniors：$10 each
Tickets can be booked online or at the City Convention Centre box office．
Visitor Guidelines：
●Masks are required at all times inside the venue．
●Photography is allowed，but please be considerate of others.
●Food and beverages are available for purchase at the venue．
Join us for a journey beyond the stars and wake up your passion for space exploration．
(　　)1．What is the main purpose of the Galactic Space Expo
A．To seek for new astronauts．
B．To sell space-related products．
C．To showcase commercial space travel options．
D．To inspire people with hands-on space experiences．
(　　)2．What is a highlight of the Galactic Space Expo
A．A space-themed concert．
B．A virtual reality trip to Mars．
C．Meeting astronauts and hearing their stories．
D．A movie about space exploration．
(　　)3．How much should a teacher with two students pay for the tickets
A．$30． B．$35．
C．$40． D．$45．
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了银河太空博览会的相关信息，包括其目的、时间地点、活动亮点、票价以及参观须知等。
1．D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This annual event aims to inspire the next generation of astronauts and scientists by providing engaging，hands-on experiences related to space exploration．”可知，银河太空博览会的主要目的是通过实践性的太空体验来激发人们的兴趣。故选D项。
2．C　细节理解题。根据Highlights of the Expo部分中的“3．Astronaut Meet and Greet: Meet real-life astronauts and hear stories of their space adventures．”可知，银河太空博览会的一个亮点是与宇航员见面并聆听他们的故事。故选C项。
3．B　细节理解题。根据Tickets部分中的“General Admission: $15 each”和“Students and Seniors: $10 each”可知，一位老师和两位学生买票需要15＋10＋10＝35美元。故选B项。
B
In February，the US stated that its Mars explorer，Perseverance，landed successfully on the Red Planet. Perseverance is on a task to collect Martian soil and rocks as part of a search for signs of ancient life．
Perseverance landed in an area of Mars called Jezero Crater. Scientists believe the area has a large ancient lakebed．NASA considers the area a promising place to find possible signs of microbial life．
Perseverance carried to Mars a small experimental helicopter named Ingenuity．In April，NASA said Ingenuity had successfully completed a takeoff and landing on the planet．It said the flight was historic；it marked the first time any flying machines had performed a powered，controlled flight on another planet．
In July，British billionaire Richard Branson entered into space on a rocket plane built by Virgin Galactic，the space tourism company he created．Branson joined two pilots and three other task experts on the flight. Virgin Galactic aims to fly private citizens to the edge of space to experience a few minutes of weightlessness and observe Earth．
A little over a week later，American billionaire Jeff Bezos flew to the edge of space on a rocket built by his company，Blue Origin．Three other people took the quick trip with him: Bezo’s brother，a Dutch teenager and an 82-year-old pilot．
The flights by Branson and Bezos officially started a new industry that promises any citizen the chance to visit space．Such trips will be costly，however．Virgin Galactic’s price for a single flight is $250,000．
Blue Origin has not publicly announced its price．Both businesses have built operating bases，called “spaceports”，in the countryside areas of the US．
And earlier this month，Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa arrived for a 12-day stay at the International Space Station (ISS). The businessman arrived along with an assistant aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft. The price of that trip has not been made public，but some reports guess it costs up to $50 million．
(　　)4．What is Virgin Galactic’s goal
A．To search for life in far space．
B．To draw people’s attention to space．
C．To develop space tourism for the public．
D．To support space exploration programmes．
(　　)5．What do Richard Branson and Jeff Bezos have in common
A．They travelled in space with scientists．
B．They went to the same place in space．
C．They tried to serve tourists in the countryside．
D．They rode a spaceship built by their own company．
(　　)6．What is the uncertain information about the Japanese millionaire’s space travel
A．Its cost．
B．Its destination．
C．Its travel period．
D．Its transportation．
(　　)7．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Expensive Space Tourism in the Future
B．Progress on Mars，Rise in Space Tourists
C．Travelling in Space，Billionaires’ Game
D．Signs of Ancient Life Discovered on Mars
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星探索的成就以及三位亿万富翁的太空之旅。
4．C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Virgin Galactic aims to fly private citizens to the edge of space to experience a few minutes of weightlessness and observe Earth．”可知，维珍银河的目标是让普通市民飞到太空边缘体验几分钟的失重状态，并观察地球，即开发大众太空旅游。故选C项。
5．D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In July，British billionaire Richard Branson entered into space on a rocket plane built by Virgin Galactic，the space tourism company he created.”以及第五段第一句“A little over a week later，American billionaire Jeff Bezos flew to the edge of space on a rocket built by his company，Blue Origin.”可知，英国亿万富翁Richard Branson在七月份乘坐由他创办的太空旅游公司维珍银河制造的火箭飞机进入了太空；一周多后，美国亿万富翁Jeff Bezos乘坐他自己公司制造的火箭飞到了太空边缘。由此可见，他们的共同之处是乘坐了自己公司制造的宇宙飞船。故选D项。
6．A　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“The price of that trip has not been made public，but some reports guess it costs up to $50 million.”可知，这次旅行的价格还没公开，但一些报道猜测它的成本高达5 000万美元。由此可知，日本富商太空之旅的费用是不确定的。故选A项。
7．B　标题推测题。通读全文可知，文章的第1－3段介绍的是对火星探索的进展；第4－7段介绍的是前往太空旅游的游客，即三位富翁及其陪同者的太空旅游。B项“探索火星的进步，太空游客的增加”适合作文章标题。故选B项。(共28张PPT)
单元要点回顾
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 1．astronaut n． _________________
2．cm abbr． _______
3．rocket n． _______________
4．gravity n． ____________
5．frontier n． ______________________
6．satellite n． _________________
7．agency n． ______________________
_______________
宇航员；太空人
厘米
火箭；火箭弹
重力；引力
边境；国界；边远地区
人造卫星；卫星
(政府的)专门机构；服务
机构；代理处
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 8．spacecraft n． ___________________
9．spacewalk n． __________________________
10．jade n． _________________
11．muscle n． _____________________
12．solar adj． ___________________
13．soap n． _______
14．towel n． _____________
航天器；宇宙飞船
太空行走；太空行走的时间
玉；翡翠；玉器
肌肉；实力；影响力
太阳的；太阳能的
肥皂
毛巾；抹布
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 15．microwave n． _________
16．tissue n． ____________________________
17．fatal adj． ___________________
18．high-end adj． _________
19．foam n． _________________
20．pillow n． _______
微波炉
纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织
致命的；灾难性的
高端的
泡沫橡胶；泡沫
枕头
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 1．___________ n．程序；步骤；手续
2．_________ adj．精神的；思想的
3．_________ n．交通工具；车辆
4．_________ n．宇宙；天地万物
5．_________ vt．& n．发射；发起；上市
6．_________ n．人类
7．_______ n．[pl.]资料；数据
procedure
mental
vehicle
universe
launch
mankind
data
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 8．_________ n．渴望；欲望　vt．渴望；期望
9．_________ vt．回收利用；再利用
10．_________ n．缺乏；短缺　vt．没有；缺乏
11．_________ adv．否则；要不然
12．_________ prep．在更远处；超出
13．_________ adj．当前的；现在的　n．水流；电流；思潮
desire
recycle
lack
otherwise
beyond
current
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 14．________ n．设施；设备
15．________ adj．热衷的；渴望的
16．________ adj．肤浅的；浅的
17．________ n．模式；图案；模范
18．________ n．监视器；监测仪　vt．监视；监测；监控
19．__________ n．智能手机
facility
keen
shallow
pattern
monitor
smartphone
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 20．________ n．资源；财力；物力
21．________ adj．结尾的；结束的　n．停业；关闭；倒闭
22．________ n．氧；氧气
23．________ n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt．& vi．沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
resource
closing
oxygen
orbit
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 24．________ vt．& vi．标志着；标明；发信号　n．信号；标志
25．________ adj．巨大的；伟大的　n．巨人；巨兽；伟人
26．________ n．跳跃；剧增；剧变　vi．& vt．跳过；跃过
27．________ vi．浮动；漂流；漂浮　vt．使浮动；使漂流
signal
giant
leap
float
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 1．__________ adj．有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→ ___________ n．智力；才智；智慧
2．__________ adj．有决心的；意志坚定的→ __________ vt．查明；确定；决定→ ____________ n．决心；坚定；决定
3．_______ vt．& vi．传输；发送→ ____________ n．传送；传递；传达；传播
intelligent
intelligence
determined
determine
determination
transmit
transmission
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 4．___________ adj．失望的；沮丧的→ __________ vt．使失望→ ____________ adj．令人失望的→
______________ n．失望；沮丧
5．___________ adv．独立地；自立地→__________ adj．独立的；自立的→ ____________ n．独立；自立 ___________ n．依赖；依靠→ _________ adj．依赖的；依靠的→ ________ vt．依靠；依赖
disappointed
disappoint
disappointing
disappointment
independently
independent
independence
dependence
dependent
depend
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 6．________ adj．足够的；充足的→ __________ n．足量；充足
7．________ n．地球；世界；地球仪→ ________ adj．全球的；全世界的
8．__________ vt．& vi．论证；争辩；争论→ ____________ n．争论；争吵；论点
sufficient
sufficiency
globe
global
argue
argument
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 9．__________ n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→ ________ vt．分析；(分析)研究；分解；解析
10．___________ adv．经常；定期地→ ________ adj．定期的；经常的；正常的
11．________ adj．有限的→ ________ n．限制；极限；界限　vt．限制→ __________adj．无限的
analysis
analyse
regularly
regular
limited
limit
limitless
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 12．________ n．神秘事物；谜→ ____________ adj．神秘的；不易解释的
13．________ vt．系；绑；贴→ ___________ n．附件；附属物；爱慕→ ________ adj．喜爱的；依恋的；附属的
mystery
mysterious
attach
attachment
attached
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 1．对……感到好奇 ________________
2．从……毕业 _______________
3．be related to... ____________
4．first of all ______
5．成功地做某事 ___________________
6．实现某人的梦想 _________________
7．关注；聚焦于 _________
be curious about...
graduate from...
和……有关
首先
succeed (in) doing sth
realise one’s dream
focus on
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 8．相信 __________
9．继续做；坚持干 _________
10．浪费时间和钱做某事 ____________________
__________
11．取得巨大的进步 ___________________
12．抱着……的希望 _____________________
13．为了；以便 _______________
believe in
carry on
waste time and money
doing sth
make great progress
in the hope of doing sth
so as to (do sth)
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 14．带来；导致 ________
15．go wrong ____________________
16．due to _______
17．在控制之中；得到控制 _____________
18．figure out ____________________
19．放弃 ________
20．产生影响 ________________
lead to
(情况)出岔子；出差错
由于
under control
弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
give up
make a difference
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 21．result in ____________
22．许多；大量 ____________
23．所以；结果(是) __________
24．provide for sb ______________
25．at present ______
26．理应；应该 _______________
27．in closing ______
导致；造成
a number of
as a result
提供生活所需
目前
be supposed to
最后
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 28．用完；耗尽 _________
29．追溯到；起源于 _____________
30．从……收到…… _______________
31．在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
___________
32．solar system __________________
run out
date back to
receive...from...
on board
太阳系；类太阳系
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 1．Astronauts ________ ________ had to learn how to use space equipment，__________ ________ had to do a lot of mental and physical training．
宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空设备，还要进行大量的心理和体能训练。
not
only
but
also
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 2．You know，I think ________ ______ __________ would be cool．
你知道的，我认为作为一名宇航员会很酷。
3．First of all，you must be ____________ ________ ________ ________ a related college degree．
首先，你必须足够聪明以获得相关的大学学位。
being
an
astronaut
intelligent
enough
to
get
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 4．Today，scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space _____ ______ ___________ ___________．
如今，科学家们研制出飞行器，将宇航员送入太空，去获得重大发现。
to
make
important
discoveries
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 5．Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ______ __________ ________．
后来，苏联专注于把人们送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
to
enter
space
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 6．However，while such disasters ________ ________ ________ ______ ________________，the desire to explore the universe did not die．
然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了很多悲伤和沮丧，但对探索宇宙的渴望没有消失。
brought
much
sadness
and
disappointment
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 7．________ ______ __________ people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks．
这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
This
is
because
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 8．Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk，____________ ________ the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface．
此后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走，紧接着是“玉兔号”飞船被送上月球研究其表面。
followed
by
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 动词不定式作定语和状语
1．I’m glad ____________(see) you again．
2．I have a lot of work ____________(finish) today．
3．He ran so fast as ___________(catch) the first bus．
4．Thank you for giving me the chance ____________ (make) the speech．
5．The little boy is not tall enough ___________(reach) the bookshelf．
to see
to finish
to catch
to make
to reach(共76张PPT)
UNIT 4　单元测试卷
(满分：100分　建议用时：90分钟)
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
第一部分　语言知识(15分)
第一节　单句语法填空(10分)
1．We’re proud that it’s __________(independent) developed by China．
2．Jack is the only person ________(have) a car of his own in our company．
【答案】1．independently　2．to have　
3．Not only the students but also their teacher ________(like) collecting data about satellites．
4．There’s a strong ________(argue) for lowering the price．
5．________(determine) to keep up with others in her class，the girl is working hard．
【答案】3．likes　4．argument　5．Determined　
6．Hand ________(signal) made by the policeman show the passers-by which way they will return．
7．One by one，the applicants left the agency with ________ (disappoint) looks on their faces．
8．Stress and tiredness often result in a lack ___________ concentration．
【答案】6．signals　7．disappointed　8．of
9．At that time，mankind survived on a very ________(limit) diet．
10．The deadline is approaching as our time continues to run________．
【答案】9．limited　10．out
第二节　选词填空(5分)
so as to；figure out；result in；in closing；in the hope of；carry on；on board　
11．Both sides have agreed to meet ______________ arriving at a compromise．
12．They should be carefully edited ___________ present the best image．
【答案】11．in the hope of　12．so as to　
13．The rain made road slippery，which often ____________ car accidents．
14．Can the human race _________________ expanding and growing the same way that it is now
15．It took them about one month to ______________ how to start the equipment．
【答案】13．resulted in　14．carry on　15．figure out
第二部分　阅读(30分)
第一节　阅读理解(20分)
A
Instant Expert: Wonders of Space
17th July，10 am—5 pm | Cavendish Conference Centre，London
Join us for a day of exploring the wonders of outer space with six leading scientists．
You will start where everything began，at the Big Bang. Throughout the day，you will hear about everything from the exploration to find life on Mars to the discovery of liveable planets outside our solar system．
Who should attend
Anyone interested in the mysteries of space，whatever your age or background．Whether you’re a scientist，a student or simply an attracted human being，our event offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass．
Benefits of attending：
·Open your mind and be inspired．
·Talk with like-minded people through informal set-up．
·Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions．
What’s included in your ticket：
·In-depth and interesting talks from six leading scientists．
·Buffet lunch，plus morning and afternoon drinks and snacks.
·An Instant Expert certificate provided by event organisers．
Booking information：
We will email you your ticket immediately after purchase. Please remember to bring your ticket with you as you’ll need it to gain entry．We can scan tickets from a printout，or off the screen of a phone．
A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at ￡129 will be offered，saving ￡20．These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available．
(　　)16．Who is the event intended for
A．Science students． B．Space fans．
C．Leading scientists． D．Research experts．
(　　)17．What can participants expect from the event
A．Free meals throughout the day．
B．Certificates from famous schools．
C．Gatherings with event organisers．
D．Face-to-face meetings with scientists．
(　　)18．What should people do if they want to save money
A．Buy tickets quickly．
B．Choose digital tickets．
C．Reserve tickets online．
D．Print tickets in advance．
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一场关于太空奇迹的会议，包括进行演讲的科学家、与会人员以及如何订票等相关信息。
16．B　细节理解题。根据Who should attend？部分中的“Anyone interested in the mysteries of space...at our one-day masterclass．”可知，所有的太空迷都可以参加这次会议。故选B项。
17．D　细节理解题。根据Benefits of attending部分中的“Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions．”可知，与会者拥有与科学家面对面交流的机会。故选D项。
18．A　推理判断题。根据Booking information部分中的“A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at ￡129 will be offered，saving ￡20...if still available．”可推知，想要省钱的话，可以尽快购买预售票。故选A项。
B
Katherine Johnson，a brilliant mathematician at NASA，began working on the space programme in the 1950s．Many of NASA’s first missions were made possible by her amazing calculations．
As a child，she loved to count．Her father placed great importance on education and insisted all four of his children go to college，working overtime to pay for it．
Johnson said this atmosphere was important to her success．“I was always around people who were learning something．I liked to learn，” she said．
Johnson graduated from high school at 14 and college at 18. In 1953，Johnson started to work for NASA，doing the maths that powered engineers’ work．Then，because of her outstanding talent，she was moved to work on rockets with an all-male flight research team．
As for Johnson，her calculations contributed to many of NASA’s most important projects．In 1961，with the help of Johnson’s work，Alan Shepard became the first American to go into space. Johnson also lent her unbelievable talent to the success of the Apollo 13，which had trouble getting back to Earth．She worked hard to calculate a safe path back to Earth for the astronauts．
Johnson retired in 1986，but her huge contribution to the space programme has only been reaching the public attention for the past few years．Part of that is because，as she is the first to admit science is based on collaboration.“I never took any credit because we always worked as a team，it was never just one person，” she said in a 2010 interview．
In 2016，NASA named a new data centre after her．She was also given a Silver Snoopy award，which recognises “outstanding performance，contributing to flight safety and mission success”．
(　　)19．The author explains Johnson’s help to NASA by ________．
A．comparing differences B．providing examples
C．showing numbers D．giving reasons
(　　)20．What does the underlined word “collaboration” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Experience． B．Research．
C．Teamwork． D．Talent．
(　　)21．What can we infer from the passage about Johnson
A．She travelled to space with the Apollo．
B．She lived a rich life when she was young．
C．She had been widely known since her retirement．
D．She used to be the only lady in the research team．
(　　)22．What is the passage mainly about
A．Johnson’s great contribution to NASA．
B．Respectable awards honoured to Johnson．
C．The importance of education for Johnson．
D．NASA’s achievements in exploring space．
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了杰出的数学家Katherine Johnson为NASA所做出的贡献。
19．B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As for Johnson，her calculations contributed to many of NASA’s most important projects...She worked hard to calculate a safe path back to Earth for the astronauts．”可知，作者列举了两个例子：1961年，在Johnson的帮助下，Alan Shepard成为第一个进入太空的美国人；Johnson还为阿波罗13号的成功贡献了她令人难以置信的天赋。通过这两个例子，作者说明了Johnson为NASA做出了很大的贡献。故选B项。
20．C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“‘I never took any credit because we always worked as a team，it was never just one person，’ she said in a 2010 interview．”可知，Johnson在2010年的一次采访中说：“我从来没有自我标榜任何荣誉，因为我们一直是一个团队，从来不只是一个人。”由此可推知，她是第一个承认科学是建立在团队合作上的。故画线词collaboration意为“合作”，与teamwork意义一致。故选C项。
21．D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...she was moved to work on rockets with an all-male flight research team．”可知，由于杰出的才能，她被调到一个全男性飞行研究团队做火箭研究工作。由此可推知，她曾经是那个研究团队唯一的女性。故选D项。
22．A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是Johnson对NASA的贡献。A项最能概括文章大意。故选A项。
C
Mars is truly a fascinating planet for those of us here on Earth．It is about half of the size of Earth and is often referred to as the “Red Planet” because of its red surface．
Mars has seasons like Earth，but the seasons there are twice as long as the seasons on Earth．Mars also has an atmosphere，but it is very thin and made up mostly of carbon dioxide．
Because of its thin atmosphere and greater distance from the Sun，Mars is much colder than Earth．However，Mars does have weather，with clouds and winds．The poles on Mars are a lot like Antarctica，capped by ice，but much of Mars’s ice is made from carbon dioxide，not water．
Many scientists believe that studying Mars can help us answer some of the key questions about our planet Earth，or even the universe．But missions to Mars have never been easy．Facing great challenges，many countries will still continue their explorations．Launching the first Mars probe(探测器) from Wenchang around 2020 is China’s first step to explore the “Red Planet”．
The Chinese Mars probe is made up of three parts: the orbiter，the lander，and the rover．Entering the Earth-Mars transfer orbit，the Mars probe separates from the launch vehicle. Then the space-to-ground communications link is created. Controllers on Earth guide it into the orbit around Mars．After collecting detailed information about the landing area，the probe is ready for the landing．The orbiter and the lander separate．
The orbiter stays in the orbit for at least a year to photograph key areas and monitor the planet’s environment，while the lander heads down to the surface of Mars．
Nine kilometres above the planet，a large parachute(降落伞) opens to slow the landing craft as it falls．After removing the parachute，the lander chooses a safe place to land，where the Martian rover can start operations，collecting and transmitting data back to Earth．After receiving its orders from Earth，the rover leaves the landing point and begins to explore the surface of Mars．
(　　)23．How does the writer develop Paragraph 2
A．By making a list．
B．By giving examples．
C．By making comparisons．
D．By analysing cause and effect．
(　　)24．What can we learn about Mars exploration according to the text
A．China has been exploring Mars for many years．
B．Mars exploration is not so difficult for some countries．
C．Some countries will stop Mars exploration due to great difficulties．
D．Mars exploration can help us better understand Earth and the universe．
(　　)25．What’s the function of the rover
A．It slows the landing craft as it falls．
B．It collects and transmits data back to Earth．
C．It helps the lander to find a safe place to land．
D．It guides the probe into the orbit around Mars．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星的相关信息以及中国对这个“红色星球”的探索之路。
23．C　推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，作者主要是在季节、大气层、天气等方面对火星和地球进行比较。故选C项。
24．D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many scientists believe that studying Mars can help us answer some of the key questions about our planet Earth，or even the universe．”可知，科学家们认为研究火星可以帮助我们更好地了解地球甚至宇宙。故选D项。
25．B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“After removing the parachute...the Martian rover can start operations，collecting and transmitting data back to Earth．”可知，火星探测器的功能是收集数据并将数据传回地球。故选B项。
第二节　七选五(10分)
Some people say “We shouldn’t waste money on space exploration when there are so many problems to deal with here on Earth．” This can be a difficult topic to find your way around，so we’ve outlined a few ideas here that you can share when supporting space exploration．
Space spending pays off．
Money spent on NASA positively impacts the US economy.
　26　 And it creates business opportunities that feed back into the economy．This in turn grows the pool of public money that can be spent on solving the world’s most pressing problems．
　27　.
Studying how we might grow food in orbit or on Mars provides new ideas for growing food in extreme conditions on Earth．Medical research conducted on the International Space Station helps us understand the human body in new ways．　28　.
Space is inspiring．
Not every child who dreams of becoming an astronaut will get that opportunity．　29　 But to be inspired to aim for something so amazing gives kids the motivation to study hard in science，engineering，or other fields．　30　 When we are amazed at the beauty of Jupiter’s clouds or the mystery of Enceladus’ oceans，we get an opportunity to appreciate the wonder of this planet that we live on．
A．And inspiration isn’t just for kids．
B．Spending on space supports highly skilled jobs．
C．Space research directly impacts earthly problems．
D．Space research isn’t as expensive as people think．
E．And it helps save lives and improve quality of life．
F．This is a sad truth that many of us know from experience．
G．But to deal with those problems doesn’t mean we have to stop looking up．
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了是否应该投资太空探索的问题，并列举了支持太空探索的几个理由，包括其对经济的积极影响、对地球问题的直接帮助及其对人们的激励作用。
26．B　根据上文“Money spent on NASA positively impacts the US economy．”以及下文“And it creates business opportunities that feed back into the economy．”可知，空格处应承接上文具体说明NASA的开支如何影响经济。B项“太空投资支持高技能工作。”符合语境。故选B项。
27．C　空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“Studying how we might grow food in orbit...helps us understand the human body in new ways．”可知，本段主要指出太空研究能够帮助解决地球上的问题。C项“太空研究直接影响了地球上的问题。”能够概括本段主旨，适合做本段的标题。故选C项。
28．E　根据上文“Medical research conducted on the International Space Station helps us understand the human body in new ways．”可知，太空医学研究帮助理解人体。E项“它有助于拯救生命和提高生活质量。”承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。
29．F　根据上文“Not every child who dreams of becoming an astronaut will get that opportunity．”指出并非所有梦想成为宇航员的孩子能成为宇航员。F项“这是我们许多人从经验中知道的一个可悲的事实。”承接上文所陈述的内容，并与下文“But to be inspired to aim for something so amazing...or other fields．”构成转折关系，符合语境。故选F项。
30．A　根据上文“But to be inspired to aim for something so amazing...or other fields．”以及下文“When we are amazed at the beauty...appreciate the wonder of this planet that we live on．”可知，太空探索不仅能激励孩子去学习科学，成年人也会被宇宙之美所震撼。A项“鼓舞不仅仅是给孩子们的。”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。
第三部分　完形填空(15分)
SPACE，the final frontier，the stuff of dreams．Yet，in reality，a place that is filled with 　31　 and sometimes tragedy (悲剧). This time，its legendary tale is 　32　 by British astronaut Tim Peake in his book Space: The Human Story．
It is about the roller coaster 　33　 and the “unusual normality of what we try and make out our job to be—it’s 　34　. people doing extraordinary jobs，” says Peake，　35　 an ambassador for the European Space Agency．
The main image of one photo included in this book 　36　 the biggest feat(壮举) so far: the first moon landing on 20 July 1969. This is not the representative 　37　 of Neil Armstrong’s first steps，but a more candid(抓拍的) picture (taken by Armstrong) of Buzz Aldrin walking across the lunar surface．
Four days earlier，the Apollo 11 mission set off for the moon，as a 　38　 image of its launch shows．To its left，Ed White can be seen spacewalking during the Gemini 4 mission in June 1965，which saw him 　39　 roughly 150 kilometres above Earth．Ed White and astronauts Gus Grissom and Roger Chaffe were set to crew the Apollo 1 mission，a predecessor(前身) of Apollo 11 that was 　40　 to launch into orbit around Earth in February 1967．The image at top left 　41　 them during capsule (太空舱) training．　42　，all three died on 27 January 1967，after a fire 　43　 during a test．
Thinking of the 　44　，Peake says，“We’re looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars．As the ISS (International Space Station) comes to its retirement，it felt like the right time to 　45　 the whole story up to date．”
(　　)31．A．gravity B．options
C．risks D．desire
(　　)32．A．forgotten B．noticed
C．remembered D．told
(　　)33．A．experience B．desire
C．system D．signal
(　　)34．A．attractive B．special
C．ordinary D．native
(　　)35．A．absolutely B．currently
C．definitely D．typically
(　　)36．A．attaches B．complains
C．gathers D．features
(　　)37．A．script B．ceremony
C．element D．shot
(　　)38．A．sufficient B．striking
C．limited D．sharp
(　　)39．A．floating B．flying
C．sleeping D．standing
(　　)40．A．admitted B．chosen
C．intended D．pursued
(　　)41．A．shows B．finds
C．suits D．looks
(　　)42．A．Unusually B．Unfortunately
C．Unfairly D．Uncertainly
(　　)43．A．set up B．turned down
C．came out D．broke out
(　　)44．A．future B．competitions
C．scenery D．tradition
(　　)45．A．give B．bring
C．make D．take
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国宇航员Tim Peake在他的书籍Space: The Human Story中，对太空探索的传奇故事进行了叙述。
31．C　考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“and sometimes tragedy(悲剧)”可知，太空是充满风险的。故选C项。
32．D　考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“its legendary tale is”以及空格后的“by British astronaut Tim Peake in his book Space: The Human Story”可知，英国宇航员Tim Peake讲述这个传奇的故事。故选D项。
33．A　考查名词辨析。根据空格前的“It is about the roller coaster”以及语境可知，这是一种过山车式的体验。故选A项。
34．C　考查形容词辨析。根据空格前的“unusual normality of what we try and make out our job to be”以及空格后的“people doing extraordinary jobs”可知，此处指普通人做不平凡的工作。故选C项。
35．B　考查副词辨析。根据空格后的“an ambassador for the European Space Agency”以及常识可知，Peake目前是担任欧洲航天局的大使。故选B项。
36．D　考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“The main image of one photo”以及空格后的“the biggest feat(壮举) so far”可知，这本书中的一张照片的主图是对迄今为止最大的壮举的特写。故选D项。
37．D　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“The main image of one photo”可知，此处指这不仅是Neil Armstrong迈出第一步的代表性照片。故选D项。
38．B　考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“image of its launch shows...them during capsule(太空舱) training．”可知，这是一张惊人的照片。故选B项。
39．A　考查动词辨析。根据空格前的spacewalking以及空格后的“roughly 150 kilometres above Earth”以及常识可知，在太空中行走会漂浮起来。故选A项。
40．C　考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“to launch into orbit around Earth in February 1967”可知，阿波罗1号任务计划于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。故选C项。
41．A　考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“The image at top left”以及空格后的“them during capsule(太空舱) training”可知，左上角的图片显示了他们在太空舱训练期间的情况。故选A项。
42．B　考查副词辨析。根据空格后的“all three died on 27 January 1967”可知，三个人都死了，这是不幸的事情。故选B项。
43．D　考查动词短语辨析。根据空格前的“all three died on 27 January 1967，after a fire”可知，三人在一次测试中发生火灾后死亡。故选D项。
44．A　考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“We’re looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars．”可知，这是Tim Peake对未来的展望。故选A项。
45．B　考查动词辨析。根据上文的“We’re looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars．”以及空格后的“the whole story up to date”可知，随着国际空间站的退役，现在是更新整个故事的合适时机。bring sth up to date是固定短语，意为“使某物更新”。故选B项。
第四部分　语法填空(15分)
Plants are actually grown in space already．Do you know the fact 46.________ astronauts aboard the ISS ate the first space-grown salad on August 10，2015 And yes，they liked 47._______ they ate．
Growing a plant in space is not an easy task. 48.________ (normal)，growing eatable and nutritious plants is difficult enough here on Earth，so imagine how challenging it would be 49._______ (grow) those greens in microgravity(微重力) and under highly controlled soil conditions，humidity(湿度)，light，and various gases．
Traditionally，roots grow and spread downwards due to gravity．Still，in space，where 50.________ effect of gravity is slight，things change，and they do so quite strongly．Can you imagine a plant floating in a spaceship，with its roots 51.________ (stick) out in every direction Therefore，keeping this entire system in a good condition is very important．To achieve this，Rick Mastracchio，the 52.________(found) of a special container named “Veggie”，made great efforts with his partner 53.______ a few years．
Cultivating a plant in space is just one part of a more complex and 54.________(large) effort．Astronaut farmers must ensure that the plants grow in such artificial conditions are safe to consume，have no side effects and 55.________(be) pleasant to eat...at least a little．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在国际空间站上种植植物的挑战性以及宇航员首次在太空中吃到了自种的沙拉这一事实。
46．that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，从句句子成分和语义均完整，应用that。故填that。
47．what　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，动词liked后为宾语从句；再结合语境可知，从句缺少宾语，应用连接词what。故填what。
48．Normally　考查副词。空格处位于句首，修饰后面的整个句子，应用副词形式，且首字母需大写。故填Normally。
49．to grow　考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子已有谓语“would be”，此处应用非谓语动词形式；此处为固定句型“It＋be＋adj．＋to do sth．”，应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to grow。
50．the　考查冠词。根据空格后的名词短语“effect of gravity”和语境可知，此处特指重力的影响，应用定冠词。故填the。
51．sticking　考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子结构可知，此处为with的复合结构，动词stick与其逻辑主语“its roots”为主谓关系，应用动词的-ing形式。故填sticking。
52．founder　考查名词。根据空格前的定冠词the和空格后的介词of可知，此处应用名词形式，表示“一个名为‘Veggie’的特殊容器的创始人”。故填founder。
53．for　考查介词。根据空格后的“a few years”可知，此处表示“持续几年”，应用介词for。故填for。
54．larger　考查形容词的比较级。根据空格前的“a more complex and”和空格后的名词effort可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式。故填larger。
55．are　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处与上文中的谓语动词grow和have为并列关系，此处时态应用一般现在时，且其主语为复数名词plants，be动词应用are。故填are。
第五部分　写作(25分)
第一节　单词拼写(5分)
56．There is some confusion about what the right ________ (程序) should be．
57．It is to get the rocket going fast enough to escape Earth’s __________(引力)．
【答案】56．procedure　57．gravity　
58．It is illegal to cross any _____(边境) without permission.
59．A fairly strong __________(水流) seemed to be moving the whole boat．
60．The computer will then __________(监测) all of the car’s movements．
【答案】58．frontier　59．current　60．monitor
第二节　书面表达(20分)
假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的外国好友Jim准备给他所在学校的校报专刊WorldSpaceDay投稿。他打算介绍中国航天事业发展的成就，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你根据下面的内容提示，用英文给他回复。
内容包括：
1．建议投稿内容；
2．就以上建议简要说明理由。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim，
__________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version：
Dear Jim，
I’m glad to hear you’re going to contribute to the school newspaper about China’s space achievements．Here are my suggestions．
First，you can write about one of China’s lunar exploration programmes．Chang’e series have successfully achieved many milestones like lunar surface sampling return，
which shows China’s advanced technology．Second，mention the construction of the Chinese Space Station．It provides a stable platform for scientific research in space．
These achievements represent China’s great progress and important contributions to the world’s space exploration．I believe your article will be a big hit．
Yours，
Li Hua(共62张PPT)
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
Period One　Listening and Speaking
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
掌握动词不定式作定语和状语；
掌握本单元的关于天文知识的词汇及相关语法；
写一篇正反观点类的议论文。
【素养提升】
了解星系的科学、生命的起源、太空旅行和重力；
了解世界太空探索史的发展，以及科技的发展对现实生活的影响；
增强天文学知识的理解，并了解人类太空探索所面临的困难。
Period One　Listening and Speaking
课前自主预习
A．有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
B．宇航员；太空人
C．精神的；思想的
D．程序；步骤；手续
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．This event tests both physical and mental endurance． (　　)
2．A person or animal that is intelligent has the ability to think，understand，and learn things quickly and well． (　　)
【答案】1－2 CA
3．An astronaut is a person who is trained for travelling in a spacecraft． (　　)
4．A procedure is a way of doing something，especially the usual or correct way． (　　)
【答案】3－4 BD
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．intelligent adj．有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→ ______ n．智慧；智力；聪明
(参考：important→importance)
2．mental adj．精神的；思想的→_______ adv．精神上；智力上；思想上
(参考：total→totally)
【答案】1．intelligence　2．mentally
Ⅲ．预备话题素材
1．The boy _________________ how the universe comes into existence．
这个男孩对于宇宙是如何形成的很好奇。
2．No matter _________________，he knows nothing if he doesn’t learn．
一个人无论多么聪明，如果不学习，他就会一无所知。
【答案】1．is curious about　2．how intelligent a man is
3．She was considered _________________ tennis players in the world．
她被认为是世界上最好的网球选手之一。
4．He was _____________________________take up various challenges and deal with tough problems．
他足够勇敢去接受各种挑战和解决棘手的问题。
【答案】3．(as) one of the best　4．brave enough to
5．____________ is the teacher himself interested in classical music，______________ all his students are beginning to show an interest in it．
不仅老师自己对古典音乐感兴趣，就连他所有的学生也开始对古典音乐感兴趣了。
【答案】5．Not only；but (also)
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．mental adj．精神的；思想的
(P38)Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment，but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
【翻译】宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空设备，还要进行大量的心理和体能训练。
【用法详解】
(1)mental development 智力发展
physical and mental health 身心健康
make a mental note of sth 把某事牢记在心
(2)mentally adv．精神上地；智力上地
(3)mentality n．心态；智力
There is no doubt that taking exercise is good for mental development．
毫无疑问，体育锻炼对智力发展有好处。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)You can keep physically and __________(mental)healthy if you work out regularly．
(2)This is the ________(mental) you want to have．
【答案】(1)mentally　(2)mentality
完成句子
(3)I’ll ________________________ the date of the wedding．
我会把婚礼的日期牢记在心。
(4)I attach great importance to _______________________．
我非常重视保持身心健康。
【答案】(3)make a mental note of
(4)keeping physical and mental health
2．intelligent adj．有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
(P39)First of all，you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree．
【翻译】首先，你必须足够聪明以获得相关的大学学位。
【用法详解】
(1)intelligence n．智力；才智；智慧
IQ＝intelligence quotient 智商
AI＝artificial intelligence 人工智能
(2)intelligently adv．聪明地；明智地
The dolphin is an intelligent animal．
海豚是一种聪明的动物。
We should work hard and intelligently，not blindly．
我们要苦干加巧干，不要蛮干。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The boy showed high ____(intelligent) from an early age．
(2)You should learn to deal with the problems between you and your classmates ________(intelligent)．
(3)George is organised，easy-going，hard-working，and __________(intelligence)．
【答案】(1)intelligence　(2)intelligently　 (3)intelligent
◇句式解读
(P38)Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment，but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
【翻译】宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空设备，还要进行大量的心理和体能训练。
【考点提炼】本句为not only...but (also)...结构，意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列成分。
【归纳拓展】
(1)not only...but also...用于连接平行结构，即两个句法作用相同的单词、短语或从句，其中的also有时可以省略；
(2)连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”；
(3)连接除主语以外的成分时，若not only 位于句首，后面句子需要使用部分倒装，但but also后的句子不需要倒装。
Not only you but also he has to attend the party．
不仅你，他也必须参加聚会。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength，________ also develop one’s character．
(2)Not only my parents but also I __________ (be) fond of travelling around．
【答案】(1)but　(2)am　
句型转换
(3)It not only got us close to nature but also promoted the friendship among us．
→Not only _______ _______ ________ us close to nature but it also promoted the friendship among us．
【答案】(3)did it get
语 音 时 空
□重音
一、重读音节和非重读音节
在英语中，音节按性质可分为重读音节(Stressed Syllable)和非重读音节(Unstressed Syllable)两大类。
1．重读音节：指单词中读得较重而清楚的音节，重读音节音标前常有重音符号“'”(单音节词除外)。
(1)单音节单词：全都重读，如：do，go，come，buy，bus，bed。
(2)双音节单词：
名词：多数情况下重读第一个音节，如：'problem，'paper，'mother，'father。
动词：常常重读第二个音节，如：a'gree，com'plain，en'joy。
(3)多音节单词：
通常重读倒数第三个音节，如：'company，'elephant。
(4)单词后缀含字母“i”时，该词的重读音节往往在i前面的那个音节上，如：revo'lution，per'suasion。
2．非重读音节：指不重读、语气较弱、发音时长较短的音节。
二、句子的重音
1．功能：体现句子的节奏感和韵律感，突出重点，使听者更容易理解。
2．一般来说，在句子中需重读的词都是实词，比如名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、代词等。不需要重读的多为虚词，比如冠词、连词、介词、感叹词等。如：
The streets are wide and clean.
I am so glad to see you again.
3．虚词需要重读的情况
(1)强调或突出某个虚词或be动词时，应将其重读。
You are the one who did wrong.
(2)介词在句首时往往要重读。
On my way to school ，my bike was broken．
(3)be动词及助动词和not结合时要重读。
Didn’t I tell you yesterday
(4)句子末尾的be动词或助动词一般要重读。
—Are you an accountant
—Yes，I am.
注意：上文刚出现过的并且重读的单词，第二次提到时一般不再重读。
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．A lot of the gentlemen here are aware of ________(程序) which have been agreed on．
2．________(聪明的) people can often simplify the complex things while a fool is more likely to complicate the simple things．
【答案】1．procedures　2．Intelligent
3．If you drop something，the force of ____________ (重力) will pull it to the floor．
4．The pressure while working can affect the physical and ________(精神的) health of the workers．
【答案】3．gravity　4．mental
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．Not only Tom but also his sister ________(like) learning Chinese．
2．Every child at home should be taught how ________(use) electricity safely．
【答案】1．likes　2．to use　
3．It has been proved that mental health is related ________ physical health．
4．You’re old enough _____________(travel) on the train by yourself．
5．In my opinion，__________(climb) up to the top of the mountain is too difficult for her．
【答案】3．to　4．to travel　5．climbing
Ⅲ．短语填空
first of all；be curious about；graduate from；be related to；hard enough
1．I believe you can achieve anything if you work _________ to get it．
2．___________，we must find out who took away the secret documents．
【答案】1．hard enough　2．First of all
3．About 12 million students in this country will _________ colleges this year．
4．When children reach a certain age，they will _________ something．
【答案】3．graduate from　4．be curious about
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．The ordeal has affected both her ______________ health．
痛苦的经历损害了她的身心健康。
2．The little boy is _______________ to make electric toys．
这个男孩足够聪明，能做电动玩具。
【答案】1．mental and physical　2．intelligent enough　
3．In my opinion，it is necessary to ___________ football ________ classes．
在我看来，参加足球训练课是必要的。
4．Please introduce your ___________________and working experience．
请介绍你的教育背景和工作经验。
【答案】3．attend；training　4．education background
提升练
Ⅰ．七选五
Benefits of Space Exploration
On April 12，1961，the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey to outer space．　1　 Why should we spend so much time and money to explore dangerous environments Well，the answer is simple．The benefits of space exploration，including medical，technological and economic benefits，are more than the dangers of it．
Medical benefits．
　2　 Analysing the effects of zero-gravity on blood circulation led to many discoveries on how to prevent some types of heart failure．And the experiments and measurements of bone strength and bone loss in astronauts have helped doctors better understand bone diseases．
　3　.
The space race has led to technological advancements in the shortest period of time，such a vacuum-sealed(真空密封的) food，fireproof materials and modern vacuum cleaners．Today，we still use them in our daily lives．Yet，we even don’t know that some NASA engineers originally developed them for the Apollo programme that took humankind to the moon．　4　 Who knows what kind of new technologies could be developed that will make our lives easier in the future
Creation of STEM jobs．
Space exploration is one of the industries that require the largest percentage of STEM(Science，Technology，Engineering，and Maths) jobs．A lot of those jobs are positions for engineers，data analysts，doctors，biologists and so on．Although these positions require highly qualified people to fill them，they are some of the highest-paid jobs in the market．　5　.
A．Space tourism industry．
B．Development of new technologies．
C．Is exploring space a waste of time and money
D．As you can see，it is important for us to keep pushing the limits of space exploration．
E．So the growing space industry creates high-paid jobs．
F．The medical benefits of space exploration reach every area of the human body．
G．The age of space exploration started that day．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空探索带来的医疗、科技以及经济方面的益处。
1．G　上文“On April 12，1961，the Russian astronaut... journey to outer space.”描述了人类首次前往外太空的事件。 G项“太空探索的时代从那一天开始。”指出这一事件的重要性，符合语境。故选G项。
2．F　根据小标题“Medical benefits．”和下文中的“Analysing the effects...prevent some types of heart failure... helped doctors better understand bone diseases．”可知，空格处应与医疗益处有关。F项“太空探索带来的医疗益处可以触及人体的每一个部位。”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。
3．B　根据下文中的“The space race has led to technological advancements...that will make our lives easier in the future？”可知，本段主要介绍太空探索对科技发展的帮助。B项“新技术的开发。”能概括本段内容，符合语境。故选B项。
4．D　上文“Today，we still use them in our daily lives... took humankind to the moon．”提到太空探索带来的技术发展对人们的生活有帮助；下文“Who knows what kind of new technologies...in the future？”表达了对未来太空探索带来的新技术的期待。D项“正如你所看到的，对我们来说不断挑战太空探索的极限是非常重要的。”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
5．E　上文“A lot of those jobs are positions...they are some of the highest-paid jobs in the market．”说明太空探索创造了工作机会。E项“因此，不断发展的航天工业创造了高薪工作。”总结上文内容，符合语境。故选E项。
Ⅱ．语法填空
The survival needs of astronauts in space depend on the amount of time in space. For short missions，they require 1.______ (protect) against the cold temperatures and solar glare．These needs are 2._______(particular) pressing during spacewalks，when astronauts are outside their ships．Spacesuits are protective suits 3._________ oxygen tanks，active fingertip heaters and other protective measures．
There are many risks in space，not all of which can 4._______ (avoid)．Anything in space has a small but real risk of being struck by a tiny shooting star 5.________(travel) thousands of miles per hour，which would destroy any materials currently used．This is more of 6.________ risk the further a ship gets from Earth. Another risk 7._________ increases with distance is radiation(辐射)．The earth’s atmosphere protects against many forms of radiation．
8.________(currently) technologies do not do much to deal with this risk，which accumulates the longer astronauts are in space．
Another long-term risk of space travel is bone 9.________ muscle degradation(退化) from weightlessness．Astronauts do exercises 10.________(help) reduce the bad effects，but these are only partially effective．Future technologies may be more effective to reduce this risk．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在太空中可能遇到的危险。
1．protection　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用名词作动词require的宾语。故填protection。
2．particularly　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用副词修饰空格后的形容词pressing。故填particularly。
3．with　考查介词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处提到的宇航服是指带有氧气罐、主动式指尖加热器及其他防护装备的防护服装，应用介词with表示“某物具备某种特征”。故填with。
4．be avoided　考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，“not all of which”指代的是前面的risks，与avoid为动宾关系，应用被动语态；情态动词can后接动词原形，助动词用be。故填be avoided。
5．travelling　考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子结构可知，travel与“a tiny shooting star”为主动关系，此处应用动词的-ing形式作后置定语。故填travelling。
6．a　考查冠词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处泛指“一个危机”，应用不定冠词，且可数名词risk以辅音音素开头。故填a。
7．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词risk，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
8．Current 　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用形容词作定语修饰名词technologies；空格处位于句首，单词首字母需大写。故填Current。
9．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的bone与空格后的muscle为并列关系，此处应用并列连词and。故填and。
10．to help　考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to help。(共68张PPT)
Period Three　
Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
课前自主预习
A．足够的；充足的
B．设施；设备
C．回收利用；再利用
D．热衷的；渴望的
E．n．缺乏；短缺　vt．没有；缺乏
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．Facilities are buildings，pieces of equipment，or services that are provided for a particular purpose． (　　)
2．It is not easy to draw a conclusion without sufficient evidence． (　　)
3．Lack of Vitamin D may cause the illness． (　　)
【答案】1－3 BAE
4．You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to help protect the environment． (　　)
5．If you are keen on doing something，you want to do it very much． (　　)
【答案】4－5 CD
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．recycle vt．回收利用；再利用→ ________ adj．可回收的；可利用的
(参考：compare→comparable)
2．current adj．当前的；现在的→ ________ adv．目前；当下
(参考：independent→independently)
【答案】1．recyclable　2．currently　
3．________ adj．热衷的；渴望的→eager adj．渴望的(近义词)
(参考：beautiful→pretty)
4．________ adj．足够的；充足的→enough adj．充足的(近义词)
(参考：excellent→wonderful)
【答案】3．keen　4．sufficient
Ⅲ．预备语法
指出下面各句画线部分所充当的成分
1．This is the key to open the front door． ________
2．She hurried to the station only to be told the train had gone． ________
3．We were pleased to find that no one was hurt in the accident． ________
【答案】1．定语　2．状语　3．状语　
4．There is a nurse to look after the old lady． ________
5．Liu Mei was lucky enough to receive many books from Project Hope． ________
6．The best way to learn English well is to practise speaking it as much as possible． ________
7．Do you have anything more to say？ ________
8．To catch the first bus，you must get up early． ________
【答案】4．定语 5．状语　6．定语　7．定语　8．状语
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．lack n．缺乏；短缺　vt．没有；缺乏
(P42)Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity，so they need to exercise every day，which will help them stay healthy．
【翻译】由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常虚弱，因此他们每天都需要锻炼，这将有助于他们保持健康。
【用法详解】
(1)(a) lack of...缺少……
for lack of...由于缺乏……
(2)lacking adj．缺乏的；缺少的
be lacking in sth 缺少某物
If the lack of money makes you lack confidence when dealing with others，you may be lacking in some important opportunities for lack of money．
如果缺钱使你与人打交道时缺乏自信，你可能会因为缺钱而失去一些重要的机会。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)______(lack) money，Peter had to drop out of school at an early age．
(2)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack ______ exercise．
(3)He is a boy who is lacking ________ confidence，so you should give him more encouragement．
【答案】(1)Lacking　(2)of　(3)in　
完成句子
(4)He gave up the idea of going to America _____________ funds．
他因为资金不足而放弃了去美国的想法。
【答案】 (4)for lack of
2．otherwise adv．否则；要不然
(P42) Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise．
【翻译】宇航员在太空工作时要用胶带固定所有的东西，否则它们会飘走。
【用法详解】
(1)or otherwise 或其他情况；或相反
and otherwise 等等；及其他
but otherwise 然而在别的方面
(2)otherwise conj．＝or (else)/if not否则；要不然 (主要用于“祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”句型)
We insure against all damage，accidental or otherwise．
我们的保险包括一切意外或其他损失。
Work hard，otherwise/or/or else you will fail in your exams.
努力学习，否则你会不及格的。
※【拓展提升】
当otherwise后接句子，表示否定意义时，如果是假想的或与事实相反的情况，从句要用虚拟语气。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Everybody has his merits ________ otherwise．
(2)Andy helped me with advice ________ otherwise．
(3)She isn’t very clever，________ otherwise she’s a nice girl.
【答案】(1)or　(2)and　(3)but
完成句子
(4)Go now，________________________．
现在就走，否则你就赶不上公共汽车了。
【答案】(4)otherise you will miss the bus
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
①On 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space．
②However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die．
③First of all，you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree．
【我的领悟】
句①和句②中的动词不定式短语在句中作________；句③中的动词不定式短语在句中作________。
Keys：定语；状语
□动词不定式作定语和状语
一、动词不定式的形式及意义
不定式 主动语态 被动语态 意义
一般式 to do to be done 不定式的动作与句中谓语动作同时发生或在其后发生
进行式 to be doing — 不定式的动作与句中谓语动作同时发生
完成式 to have done to have been done 不定式的动作发生在句中谓语动作之前
二、动词不定式作定语
1．不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。
The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is very important．
将在明天会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。
2．不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。
He has no pen to write with．
他没有用来写字的钢笔。
3．不定式被用来修饰序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词时，与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。
He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school．
他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。
4．被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，way，promise，attempt等。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself．
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
※【拓展提升】
不定式作定语时，若其逻辑主语与不定式动作构成逻辑上的动宾关系或句子主语或者不定式动作的发出者已经存在时，也可以用不定式的主动式表被动。例如：
There are many tasks to finish．有很多待完成的任务。
I think this is the best book to read．
我认为这是一本最好读的书。
Simon has a question to ask．西蒙有个问题要问。
三、动词不定式作状语
1．作目的状语
不定式作目的状语时，意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in order或so as，但so as to不能用于句首。
To pass the college entrance exam，we must work hard．
为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。
The bus stopped in order to/so as to pick up passengers．
公共汽车停下来以便接载乘客。
2．作结果状语
不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，常用于下列结构中：only to do(结果……)；enough to do(足够做)；too...to do...(太……而不能……)；so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)。
Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky．
汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
3．作原因状语
(1)常用于“主语(人)＋系动词＋形容词/动词的-ed形式＋to do”结构中。
形容词或动词的-ed形式作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况，常用于这类结构中的形容词和动词的-ed形式有sorry，surprised，happy，disappointed，excited，glad，anxious，delighted，pleased，foolish等。
We were astonished to find the old temple still in its original condition．
令我们震惊的是，这座古庙仍保持着最初的样子。
(2)常用于“主语(物)＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。
这类形容词有easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous等。该结构常用于表示主语的特征或性质，即使不定式和句子主语之间存在动宾关系，也常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The morning air is so good to breathe that he gets up early every day．
早上的空气呼吸起来很清新，因此他每天都起得很早。
□追踪练习
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．____________(win) the competition，all the competitors have to practise hard day and night．
2．Many buildings in our school need repairing，but the one ____________(repair) first is the library．
【答案】1．To win　2．to be repaired　
3．The old man sitting in front of the television was happy ___________(watch) anything that happened to oridinary people．
4．Thanks to your encouragement，I finally got the courage ____________(face) the challenge．
5．It is recognised that that young boy is the best man ____________(do) the job．
【答案】3．to watch　4．to face　5．to do
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．Suddenly a good idea occurred to her，but she couldn’t find any paper ________________．
突然她想到了一个好主意，但是她找不到写的纸。
2．She was the first woman __________the gold medal in the Olympic Games．
她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
【答案】1．to write on　2．to win
3．She said she had no plans _________________．
她说她没有去那里的打算。
4．She is ________________________ the poem．
她太小了不能理解这首诗。
5．He hurried to the school，only _________nobody there．
他急忙赶到学校，结果发现没人在那里。
【答案】3．to go there　4．too young to understand　5．to find
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I was watching the clock all through the meeting，as I had a train ________(catch)．
2．We came home after our summer holiday，only ________ (find) our old house stolen．
【答案】1．to catch　2．to find
3．The airport ____________(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area．
4．________(save) energy，we turn off the lights for Earth Hour on the last Saturday in March．
【答案】3．to be completed　4．To save　
5．Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist ______(win) the Nobel Prize in Medicine．
6．Women and children were the first _______ (get) into the lifeboats．
【答案】5．to win　6．to get
Ⅱ．短语填空
stay healthy；so as to；under control；can’t wait to；figure out；give up
1．Have you ____________ why she didn’t invite you to her birthday party last night
2．Doctors examine their patients thoroughly ____________ make a correct diagnosis．
【答案】1．figured out　2．so as to　
3．The driver tried to keep the car ________，but he failed and it crashed into a tree．
4．We cannot work all the time if we are going to __________ and enjoy life．
【答案】3．under control　4．stay healthy　
5．The doctor told him to ____________ smoking for the sake of his health．
6．We ____________ share what we have learnt with you!
【答案】5．give up　6．can’t wait to
Ⅲ．对话填空
J＝Jennifer　A＝Aron
A: I have something good 1.________(tell) you，Jennifer．
J: What’s it
A: After trying my best，I get a chance 2.__________(have) a ten-day paid leave!
J: Wow! How I envy you! Do you have any plans
【答案】1．to tell　2．to have　
A: Paris is a good place 3.__________(go) sightseeing，so I’ll go there．
J: You can also take the chance 4.__________ (travel) around Europe．After travelling to France，you can have a tour of Switzerland by train．
A: It’s a good idea，but I think the best way 5._______(get) there is by plane．
【答案】3．to go　4．to travel　5．to get
提升练
Ⅰ．语法填空
Space exploration has always drawn the human imagination. Over the years，significant progress 1.______(make) in this field．
Scientists use various technologies to study space. Satellites，2.________ are sent into orbit，play an important role．They help us observe weather patterns，communicate across long distances，3._________ even monitor environmental changes on Earth．
One of 4._________(remarkable) achievements is humans landing on the moon. In 1969，the Apollo 11 mission 5._________ (success) placed the first humans on the lunar surface．This incredible event not only inspired countless generations but also paved the way for new possibilities in space travel．
Today，space agencies around 6.________ world are working on more ambitious projects．For example，they aim 7.________ (send) astronauts to Mars．However，such a journey is filled with many challenges，including 8.________(protect) astronauts from radiation and ensuring they have enough supplies for the long-term trip．
Space exploration is not only about 9.________(discover) but also about the future of humanity．By exploring other planets，we may find new resources or even a potential new home 10.________ humans one day．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空探索的成就和意义。
1．has been made　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Over the years”可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语progress与动词make是动宾关系，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态；主语progress为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has been made。
2．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Satellites，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
3．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的“communicate across long distances”与空格后的“even monitor environmental changes”为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
4．the most remarkable　考查形容词的最高级。分析句子结构并根据空格前的“One of”可知，此处应用形容词最高级作定语，修饰名词achievements。故填the most remarkable。
5．successfully　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词placed。故填successfully。
6．the　考查冠词。around the world是固定短语，意为“世界各地”。故填the。
7．to send　考查动词不定式。aim to do sth是固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”，空格处应用动词不定式作句子的宾语。故填to send。
8．protecting　考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子结构可知，空格前的including为介词，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语。故填protecting。
9．discovery　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，句子中缺少宾语；介词about后应接名词作宾语。故填discovery。
10．for　考查介词。home for...是固定短语，意为“为……提供家园”。故填for。
Ⅱ．读后续写
Once upon a time，in a small village，there lived a teenager named Maya．Maya had a dream—to become an astronaut and explore the space．However，many doubted her dream，considering it unrealistic for someone from a common background．
At school，Maya had to put up with classmates who made fun of her because they thought her dreams were too big and impossible．They laughed at her for spending hours studying astronomy instead of engaging in more “realistic” activities. She faced doubts not only from her classmates but also from some members of her own family．They questioned her choices，pushing her to choose a more traditional job that would provide a good income and a better future．
Maya，not discouraged by the doubts，worked hard in her studies．She read books on astronomy，attended science camps，and found help from teachers．Maya’s love for space grew stronger with each passing day，fuelling her determination to overcome any difficulties in her path．
As Maya approached her final year of high school，an opportunity arose—a well-known scholarship that offered a chance to study astrophysics at a famous university．Maya knew that this could be her ticket to achieving her dreams．
The scholarship selection process was strict，testing the related knowledge，skills，and talent．Maya poured countless hours into preparation，broadening her mind and improving her skills．When the day of the scholarship interview arrived，Maya faced a group of respected professors and experts in the field. Nervously，she answered their questions and shared her strong love for space exploration．Although the interview was challenging，Maya refused to let self-doubt consume her．Weeks turned into months as Maya awaited the scholarship results. Doubts and anxieties plagued(困扰) her mind，but she reminded herself of the importance of being strong．
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Finally，the day of the scholarship announcement arrived．
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With firm determination，Maya looked for other paths．
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Finally，the day of the scholarship announcement arrived ．
Maya’s heart raced as the names were called out，but hers was not among them．The disappointment was palpable，and for a moment，the weight of her dreams seemed to press down on her. However，Maya reminded herself of all the challenges she had already overcome．She had faced doubts from her classmates and family，yet she had persevered，pouring her heart into her studies and passion for astronomy．This setback was just another hurdle，not the end of her journey．
With firm determination，Maya looked for other paths．She decided to apply to other universities known for their strong astrophysics programmes．Maya also reached out to mentors and professionals in the field，seeking advice and guidance．Her determination was unwavering，and she began to explore grants，fellowships，and part-time positions that could help fund her education．Each rejection only fuelled her resolve to succeed，and she continued her passion with renewed vigour．Maya’s journey was challenging，but she was committed to overcoming every obstacle in her path to becoming an astronaut．
Ⅲ．应用文写作
假如你是李华，你校将举办主题为“Approaching Space”的中国航空航天展览。请你写一封信给你校的交换生Johnson，邀请他来参加展览。
内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．内容和意义。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Johnson，
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version：
Dear Johnson，
Organised carefully by our school，the exhibition themed Approaching Space will be held in our school gym at 9:00 am next Sunday．I’m writing with excitement to invite you to come here．
During the exhibition，you will learn about this field by acquiring the knowledge of space exploration and experiencing the latest space applications used in life．Besides，it is a good chance for you to attend the lectures given by some space experts，during which you can feel the greatness of space scientists．
I wish you could join us!
Yours，
Li Hua

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