资源简介

(共29张PPT)
UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE
单元要点回顾
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 1．despite prep. ________________
2．bone n．________________
3．shell n．________________
4．dynasty n．________________
5．dialect n．________________
6．calligraphy n．________________
　　即使；尽管
骨头；骨(质)
壳；壳状物
　　王朝；朝代
　地方话；方言
　　　书法；书法艺术
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 7．tongue n．____________
8．semester n．____________
9．petrol n．____________
10．subway/underground n．____________
11．apartment n．____________
12．pants n．(BrE)____________
舌头；语言
学期
汽油
地铁
公寓套房
内裤；短裤
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 13．____________ n．十亿　
14．____________ adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的　n．本地人　
15．____________ n．态度；看法　
16．____________ n．体系；制度；系统　
17．____________ n．因素；要素　
18．____________ n．文明；文明世界　
billion
native
attitude
system
factor
civilisation
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 19．__________ n．符号；象征　
20．__________ n．方式；方法；途径　
21．__________ adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的　n. 经典作品；名著　
22．_________ n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点　
23．_________ adj. 全球的；全世界的　
24．_________ n．公共事务；事件；关系　
symbol
means
classic
character
global
affair
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 25．____________ adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的　
26．____________ n．& vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗　
27．____________ vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求　
28．____________ n．间隔；开口；差距　
29．____________ n．要求；需求　vt. 强烈要求；需要　vi. 査问　
30．____________ n．词汇
specific
struggle
beg
gap
demand
vocabulary
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 31．__________ vi. 提到；参考；查阅　vt. 查询；叫……求助于
→____________ n．指称关系；参考　
refer
reference
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 32．__________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
→__________ vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础　n．底部；根据
→__________ n．基础；根据
→__________ adj. 基础的；基本的
→__________ adv. 大体上；基本上；从根本上说　
based
base
basis
basic
basically
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 33．____________ vt. & vi. 雕刻
→____________ n．雕刻品；雕像；雕刻术　
34．____________ n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
→____________ v．变化；改变；不同
→____________ adj. 各种各样的；不同的
→____________ n．变化　
carve
carving
variety
vary
various
variation
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 35．___________ adj. 主要的；重要的；大的　n．主修课程；主修学生　vi. 主修；专门研究
→____________ n．大多数　
36．___________ n．尊重；关注　vt. 把……视为；看待
→___________ prep. 关于；至于　
major
majority
regard
regarding
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 37．____________ vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会　vi. 增值
→____________ n．感激；鉴赏　
38．____________ n．同等的人；相等物　adj. 相同的；同样的
→____________ adv. 平等地
→____________ n．平等　
appreciate
appreciation
equal
equally
equality
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 39．____________ n．描写(文字)；形容
→____________ vt. 描写；叙述　
40．____________ vt. 联系；讲述
→____________ adj. 相关的；有联系的
→____________ n．关系　
description
describe
relate
related
relation
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 1．对待……的态度 ________________
2．指的是；描述；提到；查阅 ________________
3．既不……也不…… ________________
4．官方语言 __________________________
5．母语 __________________________
6．和……做生意 __________________________
attitude to/towards
refer to
neither…nor…
official language
native language/mother tongue
do business with
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 7．浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 ______________________
8．at the beginning ______________________
9．追溯到 ______________________
10．导致；引起 ______________________
11．be of great importance ______________________
12．和……有联系 ___________________________
ups and downs
起初
date back (to…)
lead to
非常重要；具有重大意义
be connected with/be related to
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 13．在……中起作用/扮演角色 ________________
14．不仅……而且…… ________________
15．放弃 ________________
16．不再 ________________
17．观点；看法 ________________
18．as if ________________
play a role in
not only…but also…
give up
no longer
point of view
好像
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 19．reach the goal _____________________
20．fight for _____________________
21．by the way _____________________
22．used to _____________________
23．have trouble with _____________________
24．get used to _____________________
达到目标
为……而战斗
顺便说一句
过去常常
在某方面有麻烦/困难
适应
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 25．把……和……相比较 ________________
26．取决于；依靠 ________________
27．与……亲密；靠近…… ________________
28．与……相关；涉及；谈到 ________________
29．aside from ________________
30．as soon as ________________
compare…with…
depend on
be close to
relate to
除……之外
一……就……
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 31．can’t help but do sth __________________________
32．由……组成 __________________________
33．get high marks __________________________
34．bridge the gap ____________________________
35．提高嗓门 ____________________________
禁不住做某事；不得不做某事
be made up of
得高分
消除隔阂；弥合差距；缩短差距
raise one’s voice
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 1．But I don’t know ______ ____ __________ it.
但是我不知道它怎么发音。
2．There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger; ________ ______ _____ ______ in pineapple.
茄子里没有鸡蛋，汉堡包里也没有火腿；菠萝里既没有苹果也没有松树。
how 　to 　pronounce
neither 　apple 　nor 　pine
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 3．We find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea ______ ____ ____ ___ ______.
我们发现流沙可以缓慢地流动，拳击圈是方形的，几内亚猪既不是来自几内亚，也不是猪。
nor 　 is 　 it 　 a 　 pig
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 4．By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600－1046 BCE), these symbols ________ ________ a well-developed writing system.
到商朝(约公元前1600年—约公元前1046年)时，这些符号已经演变成一套完善的书写体系。
had 　become
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 5．Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, __________ ______ many varieties of dialects and characters.
在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，那是一个人们在地理上被分割的时代，导致了不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
leading 　 to
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 6．That writing system ________ _______ ________ ___________ in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
那一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
was 　 of 　 great 　
importance
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 7．Even today, _____ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
no 　matter 　where 　Chinese
people 　live
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 8．_____ _______ ______ ___ ________ _____ ___ _________ _________， an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
As 　China 　plays 　a 　greater 　role 　in
global 　affairs
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 9．A unified writing system ____ ___________ _____ _______ an important part of civilised society.
统一的书写体系被认为是文明社会的重要组成部分。
10．_____ _____ I learnt of a language, _____ ______ my brain would grow.
我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。
is 　considered 　to 　
be
The 　more
the 　more
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 11．_________ ____ ________ ______ ___________ helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk.
听英语广播节目有助于我习惯母语人士的语速。
12．Would you mind __________ _____ ________， please
请问，您介意打开窗户吗
Listening 　to 　English 　radio 　programmes
opening 　the 　window
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 限制性定语从句(2)
1．It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.
2．We live in an age ________ we can get more information easily.
3．Later I understood the reason ________ she has no consideration for my feelings.
where
when
why(共100张PPT)
UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE
Period Two　Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意　
A．符号；象征
B．书法；书法艺术　
C．雕刻
D．体系；制度；系统　
1．Doves are the symbol of peace. (　　)
2．There are eight planets in our solar system. (　　)
3．The girl is carving a pumpkin for Halloween. (　　)
4．Calligraphy is the art of beautiful handwriting. (　　)
【答案】1－4　ADCB　
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写　
1．base vt. & n．→________　adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的　
2．various adj. →____________　n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化　
3．globe n．→________　adj. 全球的；全世界的　
【答案】1．based　2．variety　3．global　
Ⅲ．猜短语填空　
play a part in, date back to, no matter how　
1．This tradition has existed since medieval times.
＝This tradition __________ medieval times.
【答案】1．dates back to　
2．All of our team members have helped to achieve our project’s success.
＝All of our team members have ____________________ our project’s success.
3．I never seem to lose any weight, though I try very hard.
＝I never seem to lose any weight, ____________________ hard I try.
【答案】2．played a part in　3．no matter how　
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ．根据课文内容，完成下面的思维导图　
【答案】1．(Chinese) civilisation　2．picture-based　3．different forms　4．ancient times　5．calligraphy　6．culture and history　
Ⅱ．阅读课文，匹配段落大意
(　　)Para. 1 A．Written Chinese connects China’s present with its past.
(　　)Para. 2 B．Chinese writing system became well-developed and developed into different forms.
(　　)Para. 3 C．Today, the Chinese language is helping appreciate China’s culture and history.
(　　)Para. 4 D．At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language.
(　　)Para. 5 E．One main factor of the ancient Chinese civilisation is the Chinese writing system.
(　　)Para. 6 F．Chinese writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
【答案】Para. 1—E；　Para. 2—D；　Para. 3—B；　Para. 4—F；Para. 5—A；　Para. 6—C
Ⅲ．阅读课文，选择正确选项　
(　　)1．What do you think is one of the main factors that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive
A．Chinese writing system.
B．Chinese wisdom.
C．Chinese hard work.
D．Chinese spoken language.
【答案】A
(　　)2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．A way to carve symbols on bones and shells.
B．The reason for using longgu.
C．Some ancient symbols in today’s hanzi.
D．An introduction of the picture-based language.
【答案】D
(　　)3．When did the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction
A．In the Shang Dynasty.
B．In the Qin Dynasty.
C．In the Han Dynasty.
D．In the Three Kingdoms Period.
【答案】B
(　　)4．What has become an important means connecting China’s present and its past
A．Reading classic works.
B．The picture-based language.
C．Written Chinese.
D．Studying various dialects.
【答案】C　
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础　
n．底部；根据　
(P62)At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language.
最初，书面汉语是一种以图形为基础的语言。
【用法详解】
【语境串记】
Basically, his income only meets basic living expenses. So he only chooses a simple lifestyle based on his limited salary.
基本上，他的收入只能满足基本的生活开支。所以他只会根据自己有限的薪水来选择简单的生活方式。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)He was promoted on the ________(basic) of his outstanding performance at work.
(2)You need to have a ________(base) understanding of English grammar before learning advanced topics.
(3)________(basic), what he said is true, but there are some exceptions.
【答案】(1)basis　(2)basic　(3)Basically　
完成句子
(4)The doctor-patient relationship _______ _______ ________ trust.
医患关系是以信任为基础的。
【答案】(4)is based on/upon　
2．date back (to…) 追溯到　
(P62)It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在动物骨头和贝壳上面刻画符号。
【用法详解】
　
The news you told me was out of date, but you thought it was up to date.
你告诉我的新闻是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。
【特别提醒】
date from与date back to常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态或进行时态，常用现在分词短语形式作后置定语。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)They have already set a date ________ the wedding.
(2)The temple has a long history ________ (date) back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.
(3)His interest in painting dates ________ his childhood.
【答案】(1)for　(2)dating　(3)from　
完成句子
(4)The dictionary has been ________ ________ ________ and needs to be replaced.
这本字典已经过时了，需要更换。
【答案】(4)out of date　
3．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化　
(P62)Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，那是一个人们在地理上被分割的时代，导致了不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
【用法详解】
【语境串记】
There are a variety of animals and plants in the world. They vary in shape and size and exist in many parts of the world. But for various reasons, some of them are dying out.
世界上有各种各样的动植物。它们的形状和大小各不相同，存在于世界的许多地方。但由于种种原因，其中一些正在消亡。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)There are ________(variety) ways to learn a new language.
(2)Wedding traditions and customs vary from one country ________ another.
【答案】(1)various　(2)to　
完成句子
(3)This restaurant offers ________ ________ ________ dishes to choose from.
这家餐厅有很多不同的菜肴可供选择。
【答案】(3)a variety of　
4．major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的　n．主修课程；主修学生　vi. 主修；专门研究　
(P62)Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
秦始皇把七大诸侯国统一为一个国家，使得中国文字书写体系开始朝一个方向发展。
【用法详解】
Among the members of the team, those who are for the plan are in the majority.
队员中赞成这个计划的占大多数。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)Mary is an English major student and she also majors ________ Chinese.
(2)The great ________(major) of people seem to agree with this view.
(3)English ________(major) would be asked to explore the roots of language.
【答案】(1)in　(2)majority　(3)majors　
完成句子
(4)I graduated from Shanghai University and ________ ________ International Trade.
我毕业于上海大学国际贸易系。
【答案】(4)majored in　
5．means n．方式；方法；途径　
(P62)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
书面汉语也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
【用法详解】
by means of…用……办法；借助……　
by all means 尽一切方法；无论如何；务必　
by no means 决不；一点也不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
First，try every means to fight against global warming.
首先，尽一切努力与全球变暖作斗争。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)By no means________(be) this a good way to solve the problem.
(2)Television is ________ effective means of communication.
【答案】(1)is　(2)an　
完成句子
(3)She expressed her feelings ________ ________ ________ ________.
她通过画画来表达自己的情绪。
(4)You should continue your education ________ ________ ________.
你无论如何都应该继续你的学业。
【答案】(3)by means of painting/drawing　(4)by all means　
【名师点津】
当means表示“方法；方式；手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语若有every, each, one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式；有some，several, many, (a) few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。
6．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点　
(P62)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法，它已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。
【用法详解】
build (up) one’s character 磨炼个性　
shape one’s character 塑造性格；形成性格　
in/out of character 符合/不符合某人的性格　
in character with…与……风格相同；与……协调一致　
Small local shops are intrinsic to the town’s character.
本地的一些小店铺是这个镇的基本特点。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)The poem humorously describes local ________(character) and traditions.
【答案】(1)characters　
完成句子
(2)The new wing of the museum was not really ________ ________ ________ the rest of the building.
博物馆新建的侧翼楼与大楼其他部分的风格有些不一样。
(3)Education plays an important role in ________ ________ ________.
教育在塑造人的品格方面起着重要的作用。
【答案】(2)in character with　(3)shaping one’s character　
7．appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会　
vi. 增值　
(P62)As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
【用法详解】
His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.
他的才干在那家公司未受到充分的赏识。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)We would appreciate you ________ (let) us know of any problems.
(2)The course aims to develop the children’s ________ (appreciate) of music in performance.
【答案】(1)letting　(2)appreciation　
完成句子
(3)We ________ ________ ________ ________ you give us definite reply as soon as possible.
如果您能尽快给我们明确的答复，我们将不胜感激。
【答案】(3)would appreciate it if　
◇句式解读
1．(P62)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
那一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“was of great importance”是“be of＋抽象名词”结构。
【考点提炼】
(1)be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该抽象名词相应的形容词。这类名词有：value, use，importance, significance, benefit, help, interest等，它们可用no, some, any, little, much, great等词修饰。
(2)有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，只能用“be＋of＋名词” 结构。这类名词有：size，weight，height，length，width, age，opinion, colour, price，kind, type, shape, way, quality等。这类名词根据具体的情景而变为复数形式，也可在其前加冠词。
(3)“be＋of＋名词”结构还可以表示主语的根源关系，此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍及出处的名词，常用的有family, blood, race, origin等。
(4)“be＋of＋名词”结构的否定形式一般为“be＋of＋no＋名词”。
They are very helpful to learners of English.
＝They are of great help to learners of English.
他们对英语学习者有很大帮助。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)MyEnglish teacher’s words were ______ great significance to my life.
(2)The two boys are of the same age, but they are of different ________(high).
【答案】(1)of　(2)heights　
一句多译　
(3)那本书对我来说很有用。
→The book is ________ ________ ________ for me.
→The book is ________ ________ for me.
【答案】(3)of great use; very useful　
2．(P62)Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
【句式剖析】
本句为主从复合句，其中的“no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak”中含有“no matter＋疑问词”结构，在句中引导让步状语从句。
【考点提炼】
(1)“no matter＋疑问词” 引导让步状语从句时相当于“疑问词＋-ever”，二者可互换使用；　
(2)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词＋-ever”中的whatever, whoever, whomever等还可引导名词性从句。
Whoever last leaves the room, he should make sure that the windows are closed.
＝No matter who last leaves the room, he should make sure that the windows are closed.
不管谁最后离开房间，都应该确保关上窗户。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)You have to go on no matter ________ difficulties you meet.
(2)No matter ________ you are, you must obey the law.
【答案】(1)what　(2)who　
完成句子
(3)Opera houses are packed out _______ _______ ________.
每逢她演唱，任何歌剧院都场场爆满。
(4)________ ________ ________ you need help, just let me know.
无论何时你需要帮助，尽管告诉我。
【答案】(3)wherever she sings　(4)No matter when　
课后进阶专练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空　
1．________(base) on a real story, the film gets popular around the country.
2．I’d appreciate it________ if you could help me with my English.
【答案】1．Based　2．it　
基础练
(建议用时：15分钟)
3．This is an old building ________(date) back to the 14th century.
4．He felt it rather difficult to be against the opinion of the ________(major).
5．Physical activity is one of the important ________(factor) in maintaining fitness.
【答案】3．dating　4．majority　5．factors　
6．A lovely rabbit image ________(carve) on the desk in my bedroom just now.
7．I have no idea that my teacher can speak several ________ (dialect).
8．There are many websites where different ________ (variety) of games can be played.
【答案】6．was carved　7．dialects　8．varieties　
9．As the world has become a global village, learning English well is ________ great importance to us all.
10．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________(regard) as one of the best forms of exercise.
【答案】9．of　10．is regarded　
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．By the end of last week, we ______ ______ over 1,000 text messages.
到上周末为止，我们已收到了1 000多条短信。
【答案】1．had received　
2．I ______ ______ ______ if you could pay in cash.
假如你支付现金的话，我会不胜感激。
3．______ ______ ______ ______ a job is, it plays a part in our society.
一份工作无论多么普通，它都在我们的社会中起着作用。
【答案】2．would/will appreciate it　
3．No matter how ordinary/common　
4．The information you gathered is ________ ______ ______ ______ me.
你收集的那些信息对我很有帮助。
5．________ ________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______， more and more children go out to play.
随着天气越来越暖和，越来越多的小朋友出来玩。
【答案】4．of great help to　
5．As the weather gets warmer and warmer　
Ⅲ．微写作　
尽管(despite)我付出了努力，但我的英语仍然不好，这让我很伤心。一天，我去找我的英语老师并询问他我的主要(major)问题是什么。他告诉我目前尽可能频繁地使用英语很重要(of great importance)。
此外，他告诉我要好好利用(make good use of)每一次机会用英语与他人交流，无论(no matter)他们是谁。最后他说，任何方法(means)都建立在努力的基础上(be based on)。我听取了他的建议。渐渐地，我的英语提高了很多。在此，我向我的英语老师表示感谢(appreciation)。
________________________________________
One possible version：
Despite all my efforts, I was still poor in English, which made me upset. One day, I came to my English teacher and asked him what my major problem was. He told me that it was of great importance to try to use English as frequently as possible at present.
Besides, he told me that I should make good use of every chance to communicate with others in English, no matter who they were. In the end, he said that any means is based on hard work. I followed his advice. Gradually, my English was improved a lot. Here I sincerely express my appreciation to my English teacher.
Ⅰ．阅读理解　
(湖北省十堰市2024—2025学年高一上学期期末)When you listen to people speaking a language you don’t understand, it might seem like the words are flying past your ears at lightning speed.
提升练
(建议用时：18分钟)
But some languages really do seem to be spoken faster than others. Even if you know a little Spanish or Japanese, watching a TV show in those languages can be difficult! There’s a good reason for this—they are spoken faster! According to a 2019 study, speakers of these languages use more syllables(音节) per second.
In these two languages, speakers use almost eight syllables per second. Researchers studied 17 different languages. They took 170 recordings of native speakers reading the same 20 texts translated into their language and compared the speeds. For example, Mandarin(普通话) was spoken at just over five syllables per second. But this doesn’t mean that conversations in Mandarin last much longer than those in Japanese. Researchers found that while languages are spoken at different speeds, the rate at which people communicate information is about the same.
So how does that work To understand more, the researchers looked at each syllable in the texts to see how much information each one carries. Some single syllable words give us a lot of information; for example, the words “hope” or “love” in English. These words give us much more information than many single syllables that are just sounds or parts of words.
Some languages are packed more densely(稠密地) with information, so speakers don’t need many syllables to communicate the same amount of information. The average Spanish syllable is not densely packed with information, so people speak faster. Mandarin, however, is densely packed with information, so it is spoken more slowly. This means that everyone finishes communicating at about the same time!　
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同语言的语速差异以及信息传递速率的研究。尽管有些语言语速较快，但研究发现，不同语言传递信息的速率大致相同，这取决于每个音节所携带的信息量。
(　　)1．Why are Spanish and Japanese mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To stress they are popular with TV.
B．To explain how they are developed.
C．To prove why they are hard to learn.
D．To state some languages are spoken quickly.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But some languages really do seem to be spoken faster than others…they are spoken faster！”可推知，第二段提到西班牙语和日语是为了说明有些语言说得快。故选D项。
(　　)2．Which part is focused on in the study
A．People’s identities.
B．Language speeds.
C．Content of the text.
D．Conversation time.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They took 170 recordings… compared the speeds(他们录制了170段母语使用者阅读同样的20篇翻译成他们语言的文本，并比较了语速). ”可知，研究的重点是语言速度。故选B项。
(　　)3．How did the researchers study the information rate in languages
A．By analysing information on each syllable.
B．By comparing sentence lengths.
C．By measuring speaking speed.
D．By counting words.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To understand more, the researchers looked at each syllable in the texts to see how much information each one carries. ”可知，研究人员查看文本中的每个音节来看看每个音节携带了多少信息。由此可知，研究人员通过分析每个音节的信息来研究语言中的信息率。故选A项。
(　　)4．What do researchers find in the end
A．Mandarin uses more syllables than Japanese.
B．People need less time to understand Spanish.
C．More syllable words mean more information.
D．People speaking different languages communicate information at similar rates.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Researchers found that… the rate at which people communicate information is about the same. ”可推知，研究人员发现说不同语言的人以相似的速率传递信息。故选D项。
Ⅱ．七选五　
(山东省菏泽市2024—2025学年高一上学期期末)New year, new you! As you set your New Year resolutions, improving your English level is an excellent goal. __1__. Here are four tips to help you succeed in keeping your English language New Year resolution!　
__2__
You might want to improve quickly by studying English for eight hours a week. But if you have a busy social or work life, such a great goal might not last through the year. Take time to be honest with yourself. If you are realistic about your goal to study English, small efforts will add up over time.
Examine your motivation(动机)
Do you want to study English to succeed in your career __3__？ Identify what your language learning goal is and focus your learning on achieving that goal. If your main focus is chatting with English friends, you will want to focus more heavily on speaking and listening skills. Matching your language learning habits to your goals will give you more motivation to keep your English language New Year Resolution.
Prepare study resources　
__4__. Take the time to find a study guide or app that is suitable to your learning style and level. Studying a too easy level might bore you, but studying something too advanced could cause you to become discouraged.
Take an English class　
Whether you want to study English with a large group, or just in a one-on-one class, you’d better have a regular class time. __5__. Beginner students can learn proper pronunciation and tones, and advanced students will enhance their abilities through regular conversation at a native level and pace.
A．Make a great goal　
B．It is important to practise language　
C．Set a realistic New Year resolution　
D．To communicate with native speakers　
E．There are thousands of tools to study English　
F．Every student benefits from the guidance of a teacher　
G. English can seem difficult, but it is not very hard to learn　
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章提供了四条帮助读者成功坚持新年的英语学习决心的建议。
1．G　上文中的“…improving your English level is an excellent goal. ”提到提升英语水平是一个很好的目标；下文中的“Here are four tips to help you succeed in keeping your English language…”提到有四条建议可以帮助你成功地坚定你新年的英语决心。G项“英语似乎很难，但学起来不难”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
2．C　根据下文中的“…If you are realistic about your goal to study English, small efforts will add up over time. ”可知，本段主要讲述制定现实的目标。C项“制定一个现实的新年计划”能概括本段内容。故选C项。
3．D　根据本段小标题“Examine your motivation(动机)”和上文中的“Do you want to study English to succeed in your career？”可知，本段主要谈论学习英语的动机。D项“与母语人士交流”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
4．E　根据本段小标题“Prepare study resources”和下文中的“Take the time to find a study guide or app…”可知，本段主要讲述准备学习资源。E项“学习英语的工具有成千上万种”引出下文，符合语境。故选E项。
5．F　上文中的“…you’d better have a regular class time. ”提到你最好有一个固定的上课时间；下文中的“Beginner students can learn proper pronunciation and tones…”提到初学者和高级学生可以获得的好处。F项“每个学生都受益于老师的指导”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。(共81张PPT)
UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
能够运用定语从句描述事物的具体信息；　
掌握请对方解释和说明的方式和沟通技巧；　
阅读介绍汉字书写体系发展的说明性语篇，理解语篇特点以及组织结构；　
能够结合上下文理解词义；学会使用英英词典，并能用英语解释词义。
【素养提升】
正确认识英语学习的意义，面对学习困难能分析其原因并尝试解决问题；　
阅读网络社区征询意见和解决办法的新媒体语篇，了解其语言特色和文本特征；　
能够就英语学习问题和方法在网络社区发表自己的看法和观点。
Period One　Listening and Speaking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意　
A．出生地的；本地的；土著的；本地人　
B．十亿　
C．态度；看法　
1．There are one billion dollars cash in the safe. (　　)
2．I want to learn some native American cultures. (　　)
3．A positive attitude is what you need to solve problems. (　　)
【答案】1－3　BAC　
Ⅱ．预备话题素材　
1．There are many ________ ________ people learn a foreign language. (原因)
2．If you come across a new word, you can ________ ________ a dictionary. (查阅)
3．What’s your ________ ________ foreign language learning？(对……的态度)
【答案】1．reasons why　2．refer to　3．attitude towards/to　
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的　
n．本地人　
(P60)How many billion people speak the UN’s official languages as their native or second language
有多少亿人将联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言
【用法详解】
Tomatoes are native to South America.
西红柿原产于南美洲。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)The ________(native) make excellent boats from the tree trunks.
(2)He tells us that Dr Aubin is ________ native of St Blaise.
【答案】(1)natives　(2)a　
完成句子
(3)As a matter of fact, French is not my ________ ________.
事实上，法语不是我的母语。
(4)The kangaroo ________ ________ ________ ________ Australia.
袋鼠是原产于澳大利亚的动物。
【答案】(3)native language　(4)is a native of　
2．attitude n．态度；看法　
(P60)What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning
演讲者对外语学习的态度是什么
【用法详解】
(1)attitude to/towards…对……的态度(其中to/towards为介词)
(2)在询问“对……的态度”时，应用疑问词what　
What’s your attitude to/towards students using cell phones at school
你对在校学生使用手机持什么态度
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)Her hard work made us change our attitudes ________ her.
(2)He has a positive attitude to ________(eat) family meals together.
【答案】(1)to/towards　(2)eating　
3．refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅　
vt. 查询；叫……求助于　
(P60)What do the italicised words refer to in the sentences
斜体字在句子中指的是什么
【用法详解】
Smoking is referred to as No. 1 killer of human health.
吸烟被称为人类健康的头号杀手。
【语境串记】
I didn’t understand the word, so I referred to my dictionary. I also kept my reference book on the desk for convenience.
我不认识这个单词， 所以我就去查我的词典。我也把参考书放在书桌上方便使用。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)Your work lacks ________(refer) and needs more supporting evidence.
(2)We refer ________ this period in history as the “Golden Age”.
【答案】(1)reference　(2)to　
完成句子
(3)The president has ________ ________ the importance of education several times in his lecture.
总统在他的演讲中多次提到了教育的重要性。
(4)She always ________ ________ Ben ________“that nice man”.
她总是称本为“那个大好人”。
【答案】(3)referred to　(4)refers to; as　
◇句式解读
1．(P61)But I don’t know how to pronounce it.
但我不知道它怎么发音。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“how to pronounce it”为“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。
【考点提炼】
(1)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构中的疑问词有when，where，what，which，who，how等；　
(2)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语等。用作宾语的情况比较多，尤其是用在advise, ask, consider, decide, discuss, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, show, teach, tell, wonder等动词后面；　
(3)疑问词与构成不定式的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义；　
(4)该结构作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；　
(5)该结构常常可以转换成相应的名词性从句。
Where to go tomorrow has not been decided.
明天去哪里尚未决定。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)There’re so many kinds of cups on sale that I can’t make up my mind ________ one to buy.
(2)Some job seekers often feel at a loss where ________(start) in answering it.
【答案】(1)which　(2)to start　
完成句子
(3)I will contact you later to advise you ________ ________ ________.
稍后我会与你联系，通知你何时前来。
(4)She doesn’t know ________ ________ ________ ________ the situation where everyone is against her.
她不知道在所有人都反对她的情况下该如何应对。
【答案】(3)when to come　(4)how to deal with/what to do with　
2．(P61)There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger; neither apple nor pine in pineapple.
茄子里没有鸡蛋，汉堡包里也没有火腿；菠萝里既没有苹果也没有松树。
【句式剖析】
本句中的neither…nor…意为“既不……也不……”，其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成分。
【考点提炼】
(1)neither…nor…连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式应和临近的主语一致，遵循“就近原则”；　
(2)neither可以单独作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”；　
(3)表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor引导的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语。
They didn’t go to the park yesterday. Neither/Nor did we.
昨天他们没去公园。我们也没去。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)Neither his parents nor he ________(like) eating meat.
(2)They produced two reports, neither of which ________ (contain) any useful suggestions.
【答案】(1)likes　(2)contained　
完成句子
(3)He didn’t remember and ________ ________ ________.
他没记住，我也忘了。
(4)Professor Hisamatsu spoke ________ English ________ German.
久松教授既不会讲英语，也不会讲德语。
【答案】(3)neither did I　(4)neither; nor　
语 音 时 空
□英式英语和美式英语发音的差异
英式英语和美式英语在读音上的差异主要反映在元音字母a, o 和辅音字母r 的不同读音上。
1．在ask，can’t，dance，fast，half，path 这一类的单词中，英国人将字母a 读作/a /，而美国人则读作/ /，所以这些词在美国人口中就成了/ sk/，/k nt/，/d ns/，/f st/，/h f/和/p θ/。
2．在box，crop，hot，polish，spot这一类单词中，英国人将字母o读作[ ]，而美国人则将o读作近似[a ]音的[a]。所以这些词在美国人读起来就成了[baks]，[krap]，[hat]，[pali ] 和[spat]。
3．辅音字母r在单词中是否读出是英式英语与美式英语的又一明显差异。在英式英语的r音节中不含卷舌音[r]，而美式英语的r音节中含卷舌音[r]。例如：
单词 英式英语读音 美式英语读音
car /ka / /kɑ r/
door /d / /d r/
river / r v / / r v r/
party / pɑ ti/ / pɑ rti/
board /b d/ /b rd/
4．在以-ary或-ory结尾的多音节词中，英国人通常将a或o弱读，而美国人不仅不弱读，还要将a或o所在的音节加上次重音，所以这些词在英式英语和美式英语中不仅读音有差异，节奏也显然不同。例如：
单词 英式英语读音 美式英语读音
dictionary / d k nri/ / d k neri/
laboratory /l b r tri/ / l br t ri/
secretary / sekr tri/ / sekr teri/
5．在以-ile结尾的一类单词中，英国人将其读作[a l]，而美国人则将其弱读作[l]。例如：
单词 英式英语读音 美式英语读音
fertile / f ta l/ / f rtl/
fragile / fr d a l/ / fr d l/
missile / m sa l/ / m sl/
除此之外，另有一些难于归类的单词在英式英语和美式英语中的读音也不同。例如：
单词 英式英语读音 美式英语读音
clerk /klɑ k/ /kl rk/
either / a (r)/ / i r/
schedule / edju l/ / sked u l/
课后进阶专练
Ⅰ．单词拼写　
1．I had to change my ______(态度) towards their ability and potential.
2．People in this country use more than 100______(十亿) thin film plastic bags every year.
【答案】1．attitude　2．billion　
基础练
(建议用时：8分钟)
3．When writing papers, we have to ______ (查阅) to a lot of books concerned.
4．It was his first visit to his ______(出生地的) country since 1948.
【答案】3．refer　4．native　
Ⅱ．单句语法填空　
1．They like to do business ______ this company whose products are of high quality.
2．They all love her practical attitude ______ life.
3．They promised that they would never refer ______ that matter again.
【答案】1．with　2．to/towards　3．to　
4．They got along well with all the ______ (native) at that time.
5．Neither my parents nor my brother ______(be) interested in sports.
6．Can you tell me how ______(get) there as soon as possible
【答案】4．natives　5．is　6．to get　
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．All this helps children to develop an inquiring ________ ________ ________.
这一切都有助于孩子们养成好问爱学的态度。
【答案】1．attitude to/towards learning　
2．He is particular about those who ________ ________ ________ him.
他对和他做生意的人都很挑剔。
3．The book teaches you ________ ________ ________ Spanish slang.
这本书教你如何理解西班牙俚语。
【答案】2．do business with　3．how to understand　
4．I ________ ________ ________ ________ what had happened to him.
我既不知道也不关心他出了什么事。
5．Firstly, when you come across some unknown words, don’t always ________ ________ the dictionary.
首先，当你遇到一些不认识的单词时，不要总是查字典。
【答案】4．neither knew nor cared　5．refer to　
Ⅰ．阅读理解　
(河南省新高中创新联盟2024—2025学年高一12月月考) When I tell people I’m learning Chinese and Italian, they often look surprised. It annoys me that I can’t easily answer their unspoken questions: “Why do you learn languages you have no personal connection to Why do you spend hours studying languages spoken by people far away？”　
提升练
(建议用时：20分钟)
In my freshman year, I started Italian on a whim(一时兴起). Now, I’m preparing to study at an Italian university. When I worry about not being ready, I watch old Italian movies. I understand little of the dialogue, but the parts I catch mean a lot to me. Like in the film Umberto D, where a main character—an old man, says, “Everyone takes advantage of the ignorant(无知的). ” These small moments of understanding hit me hard.
As a boy, growing up with Filipino and American parents in Hong Kong, China, I’m used to language barriers(障碍). Cantonese, the language of my home, is still hard for me. But small moments of connection through languages feel special. As Nelson Mandela, the former president of South Africa, said, “If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his mother tongue, that goes to his heart. ”　
The more I think about “why” learn languages, the more I realise it’s about “how”. Learning a language makes it easy for you to make mistakes and feel embarrassed. Sometimes, this makes me want to stick with English. But then I watch an Italian film and hear some new words and conversations that wouldn’t be possible without my efforts. I wouldn’t feel the connection without falling many times. I’ve learnt that however fluent you may think you are, there is no finish line in learning a language. And that’s what keeps me pushing forward in my language journey.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文和意大利文的个人经历与感悟，强调语言学习的意义在于连接人心，而非仅仅达到流利。作者也表达了语言障碍背后的小瞬间所带来的深刻联系感，同时传达了语言学习是一个没有终点的过程。
(　　)1．How does the author find about people’s questions
A．They are difficult to explain.
B．They are easy to answer.
C．They make him comfortable.
D．They encourage him in a way.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It annoys me that I can’t easily answer their unspoken questions”可知，作者不能轻易地回答人们的问题，这让他很烦恼。也就是说，作者觉得这些问题很难解释。故选A项。
(　　)2．What does the author do when feeling worried about studying in Italy
A．He practises English more.
B．He turns to an old man.
C．He watches Italian films.
D．He speaks with Italians.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I worry about not being ready, I watch old Italian movies. ”可知，作者在意大利学习感到担忧时会看意大利老电影。故选C项。
(　　)3．Why does the author mention what Mandela said
A．To prove the difficulty in understanding.
B．To give the solutions to language barriers.
C．To say the existence of cultural differences.
D．To show the significance of feeling connected.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But small moments of connection through languages feel special. As Nelson Mandela…said”可推知，作者提及Mandela所说的话是为了说明情感联系在语言学习中的重要性。故选D项。
(　　)4．What does the author think of learning a language
A．It helps one avoid mistakes.
B．It is an endless process.
C．It is a short-term project.
D．It takes fewer efforts.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I’ve learnt that…there is no finish line in learning a language. ”可知，作者明白了学习一门语言没有终点，即学习一门语言是一个永无止境的过程。故选B项。
Ⅱ．完形填空　
I’m a university professor at an art school. Last year, I decided to __1__ online classes to gain some knowledge of Arabic.
My teacher and I would meet a few times a month to practise __2__ and go over grammar. During our communication, he also __3__ details of his life.
Gradually, the __4__ of the first few lessons gave way to more familiarity and comfort. I stopped feeling embarrassed and began to open up about my own __5__ and my battle with Arabic. “Don’t worry; I’m here to __6__ you. You’re hard-working and I’m sure you’ll do well in it，” said my teacher. I had __7__ my students with similar words in my own teaching. It was __8__ to hear them directed at me. The tables turned.
“You are __9__ today，” my teacher would say when I used varied vocabulary or expressions. When I heard these four words, I got a feeling of __10__. It also surprised me that my confidence could be encouraged by such __11__ praise. That was when I became aware how __12__ I had praised my students, because I thought much praise made them self-satisfied. But now, I had a change of heart and __13__ that these plain words can mean a lot. Words __14__.And now I become more __15__ when I use them.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者学习阿拉伯语的经历。作者从自身经历中明白了一个道理：即使是简单的赞美也能鼓舞一个人的信心。
(　　)1．A．keep up with B．sign up for　
C．make up for D．come up with　
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“online classes to gain some knowledge of Arabic”可知，作者想学习一些阿拉伯语知识，所以决定报名参加网络课程。故选B项。
(　　)2．A．writing B．listening　
C．conversation D．translation　
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“During our communication”可知，作者和老师会进行对话练习和复习语法。故选C项。
(　　)3．A．recorded B．shared　
C．avoided D．debated　
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文内容和下文中的“details of his life”可知，作者的老师会在交流中分享一些生活细节。故选B项。
(　　)4．A．embarrassment B．nervousness　
C．excitement D．expectation　
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I stopped feeling embarrassed”可知，作者在最初几节课的尴尬渐渐被熟悉和舒适取代。故选A项。
(　　)5．A．routine B．achievement　
C．education D．background　
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“my battle with Arabic”和语境可推知，作者不再感到尴尬并开始畅谈自己的背景以及与阿拉伯语的斗争。故选D项。
(　　)6．A．remind B．contribute　
C．teach D．inspire　
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，老师是来教作者阿拉伯语的。故选C项。
(　　)7．A．comforted B．informed　
C．praised D．rescued　
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“‘Don’t worry… you’ll do well in it，’ said my teacher. ”可知，作者在自己的教学过程中也用这些话去安慰学生。故选A项。
(　　)8．A．disappointed B．strange　
C．concerned D．upset　
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“to hear them directed at me. The tables turned. ”可推知，作者在自己的教学中曾会用这样的话来安慰学生，如今形势逆转了。由此推知，当作者听到自己被这样的话鼓励时，应该感觉到奇怪。故选B项。
(　　)9．A．fluent B．brave　
C．energetic D．excellent　
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“when I used varied vocabulary or expressions”可知，当作者使用不同的词汇或表达时，老师会说作者非常棒。故选D项。
(　　)10．A．calm B．relief　
C．joy D．safety　
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“‘You are __9__ today，’ my teacher would say…”可推知，当作者听到这四个单词时，有一种喜悦的感觉。故选C项。
(　　)11．A．simple B．special　
C．common D．mild　
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“‘You are __9__ today，’ my teacher would say…”和下文中的“these plain words can mean a lot”可知，作者很惊讶如此简单的表扬能鼓舞信心。故选A项。
(　　)12．A．naturally B．rarely　
C．necessarily D．casually　
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“because I thought much praise made them self-satisfied”可推知，作者很少表扬自己的学生。故选B项。
(　　)13．A．ignored B．remembered　
C．reflected D．understood　
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“I had a change of heart”和语境可知，现在作者改变了主意，并且明白了简单的话语意义重大。故选D项。
(　　)14．A．matter B．fail　
C．remain D．develop　
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“these plain words can mean a lot”可知，语言很重要。故选A项。
(　　)15．A．curious B．certain　
C．thoughtful D．particular　
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“…these plain words can mean a lot. Words __14__.”可知，语言很重要，所以现在作者在使用它们时会更加深思熟虑。故选C项。(共98张PPT)
UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE
Period Four　Reading for Writing
& Building Up Your Vocabulary
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意　
A．词汇　
B．间隔；开口；差距　
C．要求；需求；强烈要求；需要；查问　
D．同等的人；相等物；相同的；同样的　
1．These boxes are equal in volume. (　　)
2．The children squeezed through a gap in the hedge(树篱). (　　)
3．By the age of two, a child will have a vocabulary of about two hundred words. (　　)
4．The market comes into equilibrium(平衡) when demand equals supply. (　　)
【答案】1－4　DBAC　
Ⅱ．预备写作素材　
1．I have a lot of ________ ________ to native English speakers. (听懂……有困难)
2．I ________ ________ read English articles in the morning. (过去常常)
【答案】1．trouble listening　2．used to　
3．Whether you will make progress in maths ________ ________ how much time you spend on it. (取决于)
4．Do you know which sentence ________ __________ the main idea？(与……相关)
【答案】3．depends on　4．relates to　
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．equal n. 同等的人；相等物　
adj. 相同的；同样的　
(P66)…our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.
……我们的关系亲密，彼此平等，因此我只需说几个字，就能消除我们之间的距离。
【用法详解】
　
The happiness you feel is equal to the love you give.
你感受到的幸福与你付出的爱相等。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)Everyone should have ________(equal)in education.
(2)He says both sides should be treated ________(equal).
(3)She equals her brother _____________ interpersonal communication.
【答案】(1)equality　(2)equally　(3)in　
完成句子
(4)I’m quite sure he ________ ________ ________ ________ a teacher.
我十分确信他能胜任做老师。
【答案】(4)is equal to being　
2．demand n. 要求；需求　vt. 强烈要求；需要　
vi. 查问　
(P66)…I must make my request longer— and I must make it a question, not a demand…　
……我得把我的请求说得长一些——我得把它变成一个疑问句，而不是一个要求……　
【用法详解】
　
The workers in this factory demanded to raise their salary.
这家工厂的工人要求提高他们的工资。
They demand that the books (should)be returned to the school library at once.
他们要求把书立刻还回学校图书馆。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)Our products are of high quality so they are always ________ great demand.
(2)It is a technically ________(demand) piece of music to play.
(3)She demanded a reasonable explanation ________ the organisation.
【答案】(1)in　(2)demanding　(3)from/of　
一句多译　
(4)他要求我们立马离开。
→He demanded that ________ ________ at once.
→He demanded ________ ________ ________ at once.
【答案】(4)we leave; us to leave　
3．relate vt. 联系；讲述　
(P67)Does each sentence relate to the main idea
每个句子都与主旨有关吗
【用法详解】
The commodity price changes in relation to the change in the supply and demand.
商品价格会随着供求关系的变化而变化。
【特别提醒】
表示“与……有关”的其他短语还有：be connected with, be concerned with, have sth to do with等。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)The position calls for ________(relate) experience in the field and being skilled at using computers.
(2)It is difficult to relate these results ________ any known cause.
(3)Its brain is small in ________(relate) to its body.
【答案】(1)related　(2)to/with　(3)relation　
完成句子
(4)It is required that the composition should ________ ________ ________ the students’ life.
要求作文与学生的生活息息相关。
【答案】(4)be related to　
◇句式解读
(P66)Would you mind opening the window, please
请问，您介意打开窗户吗
【句式剖析】
本句中的“Would you mind opening”为“Would you mind doing sth？”句型，意为“你介意做某事吗？”。
【考点提炼】
(1)Would/Do you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗
(2)Would/Do you mind sb/sb’s doing sth？你介意某人做某事吗
＝Would you mind if sb did sth
＝Do you mind if sb do sth
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)Would you mind me ________(leave) ahead of time
(2)Would you mind if I ________ (change) channels on the TV
(3)Do you mind if I ________ (come) with you
【答案】(1)leaving　(2)changed　(3)come　
课后进阶专练
Ⅰ．单词拼写　
1．Men and women should have ________(相同的) opportunities in education and employment.
2．It is difficult to narrow the ________(差距) between them in a short time.
【答案】1．equal　2．gap　
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
3．There is an increased ________(需求) for green products these days.
4．It is a good idea to read English novels to enlarge your ________(词汇).
5．Lucy, please just give us a ________(形容) of your cat.
【答案】3．demand　4．vocabulary　5．description　
Ⅱ．短语填空　
used to, point of view, get used to, be close to, relate to, aside from, raise one’s voice, as soon as　
1．I’ll telephone you ________ I get home.
2．The speaker ________ but still couldn’t make himself heard.
【答案】1．as soon as　2．raised his voice　
3．He ________ enjoy reading English novels, but now he prefers watching English movies.
4．From my ________， this book is worth reading carefully.
5．It is important to ________ another country’s customs if you want to make friends there.
【答案】3．used to　4．point of view　5．get used to　
6．My home ________ our school, so I can get to the school in one minute.
7．His speech may ________ many aspects of students’ life.
8．________ the boy, there are no other children here.
【答案】6．is close to　7．relate to　8．Aside from　
Ⅲ．句型转换　
1．The librarian demanded that we should return the books by Friday.
→The librarian ________ ________ ________ ________ the books by Friday.
【答案】1．demanded us to return　
2．Would you mind my asking a question
→Do you mind if ________ ________ ________ ________
→Would you mind if _______ _______ ________ _______
【答案】2．I ask a question; I asked a question　
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．I don’t know________ ________ ________ the oven.
我不知道如何使用烤箱。
2．She can________ ________ ________ ________.
她既不会跳舞也不会唱歌。
【答案】1．how to use　2．neither dance nor sing　
3．I realised that I had to change my________ ________ environmental protection.
我意识到我得改变对环保的态度了。
4．________ ________ ________ in life will make us stronger.
人生的起伏会使我们变得更强大。
【答案】3．attitude towards/to　4．Ups and downs　
5．This is because it ________ ________ decisions you should make.
这是因为它关系到你应该做的决定。
【答案】5．relates to　
Ⅰ．阅读理解　
(广东省广州市2024—2025学年高一上学期18校期末联考)If you’ve been learning English for a while, you may have noticed that native speakers often use idioms(习语) in conversations. But do you know how to learn idioms and why they are so important
提升练
(建议用时：20分钟)
This guide will teach you how to learn English idioms effectively, so that you can make your conversations sound more natural. With this guide, you’ll understand what idioms are, why native speakers use them so much, and how to learn and use idioms in your own conversations.
Idioms are a unique aspect of language that can sometimes be confusing for language learners. So, what exactly are idioms and why are they important Idioms are phrases or expressions that have a figurative(比喻的) meaning that is different from the literal interpretation(字面解释) of the words used. They are a way to add colour, humour and depth to our conversations.
Native speakers of English use idioms all the time without even realising it. They play an important role in understanding and communicating effectively.
Learning idioms is important for several reasons. Firstly, idioms can help you sound more like a native speaker. Including idioms into your conversations will make your speech more natural and fluent. Secondly, idioms are a key part of cultural understanding. Many idioms are deeply rooted in a country’s culture, history, and by understanding and using idioms, you can learn more about the culture of the language you are learning.
Lastly, idioms are often used in literature, movies, and songs, so having a good grasp of idiomatic expressions can improve your overall understanding and appreciation of English media.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语习语在对话中的重要性、原因以及如何有效地学习习语。
(　　)1．What is the main purpose of this guide
A．To tell the history of English idioms.
B．To give the reasons for using English idioms.
C．To help learners effectively learn English idioms.
D．To explain the historical origins of English idioms.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This guide will teach you how to learn English idioms effectively”可知，这篇指南的目的是帮助学习者有效地学习英语习语。故选C项。
(　　)2．What does the text suggest about the use of idioms by native speakers
A．They avoid using idioms in daily conversations.
B．They use idioms frequently without realising it.
C．They are aware of using idioms in every conversation.
D．They often use idioms when teaching language learners.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Native speakers of English use idioms all the time without even realising it. ”可知，母语者在不自觉的情况下频繁使用习语。故选B项。
(　　)3．What can we know about English idioms
A．They are short and easy to remember.
B．They are often used in formal situations.
C．They are confusing and difficult to learn.
D．They can make conversations more interesting.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Idioms are phrases or expressions…a way to add colour, humour and depth to our conversations. ”可知，习语是为对话增添色彩、幽默和深度的一种方式。由此推知，英语习语可以使对话更有趣。故选D项。
(　　)4．What is the author’s attitude towards learning idioms
A．Positive. B．Indifferent.
C．Negative. D．Doubtful.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Learning idioms is important for several reasons…”可知，作者阐述了三个学习习语很重要的理由。由此推知，作者对学习习语的态度是积极的。故选A项。
Ⅱ．完形填空　
How do young people learn best？This is something I __1__ a lot when I am teaching foreign languages to young people. I often find that traditional teaching __2__ are hardly effective for young brains to learn a foreign language.
After moving to southern Italy，I was __3__ to have had the chance to run a private course teaching English to children under 7．I __4__ children liked singing and enjoyed games, so I wanted to use these tools to help my students __5__ English conversation skills. I found some fun and __6__ songs online，which they loved very much. I also found the English version of some nursery rhymes (童谣) they once were familiar with. All of them were very entertaining and helpful, but __7__ could still not have a basic conversation in English.
I wanted these students to be __8__ in the language I was teaching and I also wished them to speak it. I was eager to __9__ 90% of my lessons in English. However，I knew it would be difficult to get them to talk in a foreign language they __10__ speak outside our lessons. So I had to __11__ a simple yet effective plan.
One day I decided to __12__ a dialogue in English and rather than simply getting students to repeat the phrases, I got them to chant(反复唱) them. I discovered that chanting was a practical way to get students to speak in English—it __13__！　
So when teaching English to young people now, I __14__ them to make up their own chants to help them remember __15__ or complex sentences.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在教授英语的过程中，通过让学生自己编歌、唱歌，实现从学习英语转变为说英语的故事。
(　　)1．A．doubt　 B．thank　
C．think D．confirm　
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“How do young people learn best？”和语境可知，此处指作者在教年轻人外语时思考很多的事情。故选C项。
(　　)2．A．materials B．tips　
C．attitudes D．methods　
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“are hardly effective for young brains to learn a foreign language”和语境可知，此处指传统的教学方法效果不好。故选D项。
(　　)3．A．anxious B．lucky　
C．surprised D．puzzled　
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“to have had the chance”可知，此处指作者很幸运拥有了一个机会。故选B项。
(　　)4．A．considered B．realised　
C．proved D．insisted　
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“children liked singing and enjoyed games”和语境可知，此处指作者意识到孩子们喜欢唱歌和玩游戏。故选B项。
(　　)5．A．develop B．keep　
C．support D．increase　
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“English conversation skills”和语境可知，此处指培养学生的英语谈话技巧。故选A项。
(　　)6．A．global B．native　
C．equal D．easy　
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“teaching English to children under 7”可知，作者教7岁以下的孩子学英语，应该用一些有趣且简单的教学材料。故选D项。
(　　)7．A．students B．teachers　
C．writers D．readers　
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“use these tools to help my students”和语境可推知，此处指学生依然不能用英语进行基本对话。故选A项。
(　　)8．A．experienced B．interested　
C．concerned D．caught　
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“I also wished them to speak it”和语境可推知，此处指作者希望学生对自己所教的语言感兴趣。故选B项。
(　　)9．A．take B．charge　
C．deliver D．transform　
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“90% of my lessons in English”可知，作者希望90%的课都用英语教授。故选C项。
(　　)10．A．fairly B．eagerly　
C．nearly D．seldom　
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词辨析。根据空格前的“it would be difficult to get them to talk in a foreign language”和空格后的“speak outside our lessons”可知，此处指他们很少在课外讲外语。故选D项。
(　　)11．A．come up with B．put up with　
C．keep up with D．catch up with　
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据上文内容和空格后的“a simple yet effective plan”可知，此处指作者不得不想出一个简单但有效的教学计划。故选A项。
(　　)12．A．stop B．manage　
C．forget D．prepare　
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“…I got them to chant…(反复唱)”可知，此处指作者决定准备英语对话。故选D项。
(　　)13．A．mattered B．valued　
C．worked D．wondered　
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“I discovered that chanting was a practical way to get students to speak in English”可推知，作者的办法起作用了。故选C项。
(　　)14．A．persuade B．encourage　
C．remind D．command　
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“them to make up their own chants”和语境可推知，作者鼓励学生们编写自己的歌。故选B项。
(　　)15．A．expressions B．means　
C．courses D．measures　
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“or complex sentences”和语境可知，此处指用自己编写的歌来帮助记住表达方式或复杂的句子。故选A项。
写作高效提升
◎话题佳句
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．Learning a language is a gradual process— it does not happen overnight.
学习一门语言是一个循序渐进的过程——一夜之间学不好语言。
2．English is one of the most important languages in the world, so we should learn it well.
英语是世界上最重要的语言之一，因此我们应该学好它。
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．Remember learning is a process—speaking a language well takes time.
记住，学习是一个过程——说好一门语言是需要时间的。
4．Be patient and persistent, especially in the initial period of study when all of the effort seems to be with no result, do believe in that we will see the fruit of our hard work after the suffering.
要耐心和坚持，特别是在所有的努力似乎都没有回报的学习的初期阶段，我们要相信，苦难过后，我们会看到努力学习的成果。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
6．If you work hard enough, you can grind an iron rod into a needle.
只要功夫深，铁棒磨成针。
◎写作范例
【写作任务】
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom对汉语很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点提示，给汤姆写一封信介绍一下汉语。内容包括：
历史 现代汉语的标准语称为“普通话”，以北京方言为基础
使用情况 约有16%的世界人口把汉语作为第一语言，大部分居住在中国；普通话是中国的官方语言，也是联合国工作语言之一
趋势 汉语将在国际交流中发挥更重要的作用
注意：1．词数80左右；　
2．可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：普通话Mandarin　
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
主题 给外国朋友介绍汉语 体裁 应用文
人称 以第三人称为主 时态 以一般现在时为主
布局 第一段：说明写作目的——介绍汉语　 第二段：根据提示详细介绍汉语的历史、使用情况　 第三段：表达自己的期待——汉语将在国际交流中发挥更重要的作用　 【遣词造句】
Ⅰ．用本单元所学单词或短语填空　
1．________ adj. 主要的　
2．________ n．方言　
3．________________被称作……　
Keys：1．major　2．dialect　3．is referred to as　
4．________________ 以……为基础　
5．________________ 导致　
6．________________ 起重要的作用　
Keys：4．be based on　5．lead to　6．play an important part in　
Ⅱ．本单元语块、语法运用　
1．完成句子
(1)汉语是世界上的主要语言之一。
Chinese is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
Keys：(1)one of the world’s major languages　
(2)现代汉语口语的标准形式被称为“普通话”，它是以北京方言为基础的。
The modern standard form of spoken Chinese ________ ________ ________ ________ “Mandarin” or Putonghua and it ________ ________ ________ the Beijing dialect.
Keys：(2)is referred to as; is based on　
(3)我相信，在未来的国际交流中汉语将起着越来越重要的作用。
I’m sure Chinese will ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ ______ _______ _______ the international communication in the future.
Keys：(3)play a more and more important part in　
2．句式升级　
(4)将句(2)升级为含有定语从句的句子　
_______________________________________________
Keys：(4)The modern standard form of spoken Chinese is referred to as “Mandarin” or Putonghua which is based on the Beijing dialect.
(5)将句(2)升级为含有动词的-ed形式短语作定语的句子　
_______________________________________________
Keys：(5)The modern standard form of spoken Chinese is referred to as “Mandarin” or Putonghua based on the Beijing dialect.
【连句成篇】
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Tom，
I’m glad you are interested in Chinese. Now I’m writing to tell you something about it.
Chinese is one of the world’s major languages. The modern standard form of spoken Chinese is referred to as “Mandarin” or Putonghua based on the Beijing dialect. At present, about 16% of the world’s population use Chinese as their first language, most of whom live in China. Mandarin is now the official language of China and one of the working languages of the UN.
I’m sure Chinese will play a more and more important part in the international communication in the future.
Yours，
Li Hua　
◎写作练笔
(陕西省西安市2024—2025学年高一上学期期末)假设你是李华，为了更好地体会英语语言之美，你校语言俱乐部举办了“英语语言日”系列主题活动，你参加了其中一项活动，在准备过程中得到了外教Tom的悉心指导和帮助，请你给他写一封感谢信。
内容包括：
1．表达谢意；　
2．具体帮助；　
3．你的收获。
注意：
1．词数为80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；　
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua　
One possible version：
Dear Tom，
I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your kind help during the preparation for “English Language Day” activities in our school’s Language Club.
When I was struggling with choosing appropriate materials for my English recitation, you patiently went through various texts with me, offering professional advice on their language features and emotional expressions. Your guidance on pronunciation and intonation was of great help. With your help, I learnt how to convey the meaning and beauty of the text smoothly.
Thanks to your assistance, not only did I perform well in the activity but I also gained a deeper understanding of English. I truly appreciate your support and look forward to more chances to learn from you.
Yours，
Li Hua　(共77张PPT)
UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE
Period Three　Discovering Useful Structures
& Listening and Talking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．猜词意　
A．公寓套房　
B．斗争；奋斗；搏斗　
C．恳求；祈求；哀求　
D．汽油　
1．The boy has been struggling to understand this article all afternoon. (　　)
2．We stopped at the services to get petrol. (　　)
3．He urgently begged a favour of me. (　　)
4．I’ll give you the keys to my apartment. (　　)
【答案】1－4　BDCA　
Ⅱ．预备语法(限制性定语从句)
1．That is the reason ________ he is leaving so soon.
2．Do you know the date ________ Lincoln was born
3．This is the place ________ we had a meeting last time.
4．Do you like the book ________ which she spent $10
5．Can you explain to me how to use these idioms ________ which I’m sure
【答案】1．why　2．when　3．where　4．on　5．about
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
struggle n．& vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗　
(P64)When I started studying German, it was a struggle.
当我开始学习德语时，真的很艰难。
【用法详解】
He struggled against the enemies and eventually drove them off.
他同敌人进行搏斗，最后把他们赶走了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空　
(1)The patient is struggling ________ the disease.
(2)He struggled ________ his feet and continued walking.
【答案】(1)against　(2)to　
完成句子
(3)They once ________ ________ ________ the torch of idealism and hope alive.
他们曾经为使理想主义和希望的火炬不熄灭而奋斗。
(4)It’s the time when she begins to ________ ________ her independence and self-fulfillment.
这是她开始为自己的独立和自我实现而斗争的时候了。
【答案】(3)struggled to keep　(4)struggle for　
◇句式解读
(P64)…the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
……我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“the more…， the more…”为“the＋比较级…，the＋比较级…”句型，意为“越……，越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
【考点提炼】
(1)在“the＋比较级…， the＋比较级…”句型中，第一个“the＋比较级…”相当于条件状语从句，表示程度；第二个“the＋比较级…”相当于主句，表示结果；　
(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。
The more books we read，the more knowledge we will gain, the more learned we will be, and the broader horizons we will have.
我们读的书越多，我们获得的知识就越多，我们就越有学问，我们的视野就越广阔。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)_______ _______ you study, _______ ________ ________ you will make.
你学习越努力，进步就越大。
【答案】(1)The harder; the greater progress　
(2)Tom becomes ________ ________ ________ ________ now.
汤姆现在变得越来越自信。
【答案】(2)more and more confident　
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
①There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
②Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
③Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
④It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu — animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
⑤Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
【我的领悟】
1．句①②③中的画线部分为关系________ why，when，where引导的定语从句，关系词在从句中作________。
2．句④⑤中的画线部分为“________＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句。
Keys：1．副词；状语　2．介词　
一、关系副词的指代及功能
□关系副词及定语从句
关系副词 功能 先行词
when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语 表示时间的名词：time，moment，day，month，year，period等
关系副词 功能 先行词
where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语 表示地点的名词：place，house，city，country，world，street等及一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point, case, position, condition, situation等
why 指原因或理由，在定语从句中作原因状语 表示原因的名词：reason，excuse等
I cannot forget the day when I first saw you.
我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。
This is the house where they lived a week ago.
这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。
The reason why I stick to writing is my passion for the Chinese language.
我坚持写作的原因是我对汉语的热情。
二、关系副词与关系代词的区别　
表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系副词引导，也可用关系代词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗
Do you remember the days that/which we spent studying together in the classroom
你还记得我们在教室里一起学习的那些日子吗
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。
We won’t accept the reason that/which you have given.
我们坚决不接受你给出的那个理由。
Can you recognise the house where you used to live with your parents
你能认出你过去和父母一起住的房子吗
Can you recognise the house that/which Tom sold three years ago
你能认出汤姆三年前卖的那幢房子吗
【拓展提升】
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句　
1．当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。
2．选用介词的依据：
①根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯。
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。
②根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。
The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.
刚才与你们说话的老太太是一位著名的艺术家。
③根据句子的意思来选择。
My computer, without which I can’t surf the Internet, broke down yesterday.
昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我不能上网。
④表示所有关系或整体中的一部分时，通常用介词of。
I have ten books, half of which were written by Mo Yan.
我有10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。
The old man has two sons, both of whom are lawyers.
这位老人有两个儿子，他们两个都是律师。
注意：在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after, look for等，不能把介词移至which或whom之前。
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. (正)
The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy. (误)
由护士照顾的婴儿都很健康。
单句语法填空　
1．We visited the house ________ the famous scientist once lived.
2．The photo reminded me of the days ________ I played hide-and-seek with my sisters.
【答案】1．where　2．when　
□追踪练习
3．This is the primary school ________ which both my brother and I stayed for six years.
4．It was a period ________ they met very frequently.
5．We have come to a point ________ everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement.
【答案】3．in　4．when　5．where　
6．One of the reasons ________ he was refused in the interview was that his spoken English was terrible.
7．I’ll never forget the time ________ we spent together in the army camp.
8．I’ll never forget the day ________ I joined the League.
【答案】6．why　7．that/which　8．when　
9．Miss Liu is an excellent teacher ________ whom I have learnt a lot.
10．The Smiths have two children, both of ________ work in New York.
【答案】9．from　10．whom　
课后进阶专练
Ⅰ．单词拼写　
1．We have to ________(斗争) against all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
2．The ________(地铁) plays a key role in the city’s transportation system.
【答案】1．struggle　2．subway　
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
3．It was impossible for a car to move without ________(汽油) in it twenty years ago.
4．In America, one school year is divided into two ________ (学期).
5．We need help, but we will not ________(哀求) for it.
【答案】3．petrol　4．semesters　5．beg　
Ⅱ．单句语法填空　
1．This is the room ________ Lao She once lived.
2．China is the only country ________ wild giant pandas can be found.
【答案】1．where　2．where　
3．The reason ________ which I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies.
4．He wanted to know the reason ________ I was late for the meeting.
5．I still remember the happy days ________ I lived in the countryside.
【答案】3．for　4．why　5．when　
6．The school ________ which I studied for three years was three kilometres away.
7．We visited the car factory ________ my uncle once worked three years ago.
8．We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
【答案】6．in　7．where　8．when　
9．I got to the point ________ I couldn’t wait to get home to my books.
10．As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent.
【答案】9．where　10．when　
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．A good friend is someone ________ ________ you can share your ________ and ________.
好朋友就是你能与之分享快乐和悲伤的人。
【答案】1．with whom; happiness/joy; sadness/sorrow　
2．_______ ________ ________ ________ ________ people lived by hunting and gathering.
曾经有一段时期，人们靠狩猎和采集为生。
3．We are in a position ________ we ________ ________ ________ our own decisions.
我们处在不得不自己做决定的境地。
【答案】2．There was a time when　3．where; have to make　
4．Cellphone addiction is regarded as ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ many people can’t get enough sleep now.
玩手机成瘾被认为是许多人现在睡眠不足的原因之一。
5．I think he is the man ________ ________ you can turn for help.
我认为他是你能求助的人。
【答案】4．one of the reasons why　5．to whom　
Ⅰ．阅读理解　
Many countries around the globe pride themselves on their lingual(语言的) variety. Here are a few of the most multilingual places on Earth.
提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Aruba　
Aruba sits in the far Southern Caribbean Sea, near Venezuela. Dutch is an official language and is taught in all schools. Both English and Spanish are also the languages that students must learn in Aruba’s education system. However, none of them is considered the native language of Aruba. On the street and at home, locals communicate with one another in Papiamento. Papiamento is an official language besides Dutch, and it is used regularly in the media and in government.
East Timor　
This tiny young nation sits in the far south eastern corner of the Indonesian Archipelago. Once a colony(殖民地) of Portugal, Timor decided to use Portuguese as an official language after independence. The local language, Tetum, is most widely spoken on the street. In addition, English and Indonesian are used throughout the country, and both are officially recognised as working languages.
India　
Hindi and English are the official national languages of India, and the majority of educated Indians have knowledge of both, though English is preferred over Hindi in southern India. Each state in India has its own official languages, most of which differ from Hindi. These languages are used in local media and on the street.
South Africa　
South Africa has 11 official languages. In many city areas, English is the lingua franca(通用语). It is also the main language of government and media, even though less than ten percent of South Africans speak it as a first language. Afrikaans, a Germanic language similar to Dutch, is spoken in the southern and western regions of the country. South Africa has nine official Bantu languages, of which: Zulu and Xhosa are the most common.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上四个语言多样性最丰富的地方。
(　　)1．How many official languages are there in Aruba
A．One. 　B．Two.
C．Three. 　D．Four.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Aruba部分中的“Papiamento is an official language besides Dutch”可知，Aruba有两种官方语言：荷兰语和帕皮阿门托语。故选B项。
(　　)2．What can be learnt about South Africa
A．Its lingua franca is Afrikaans.
B．It was once a colony of Portugal.
C．It has eleven official Bantu languages.
D．Its media uses English as the main language.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据South Africa部分中的“English is the lingua franca(通用语). It is also the main language of government and media”可知，南非的媒体使用英语作为主要语言。故选D项。
(　　)3．What do these places have in common
A．They enjoy the same culture.
B．They are multilingual societies.
C．They are education-centred places.
D．They speak English as their first language.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Here are a few of the most multilingual places on Earth. ”可知，本文中的四个地方都是多语言社会。故选B项。
Ⅱ．语法填空　
(广东省深圳市龙津中学2024—2025学年高一上学期期中考)Chinese characters are so 1.________(amaze) that even many foreigners are crazy about them. For the past three decades, Richard Sears 2.________(focus) on one thing: telling many stories behind Chinese characters. His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972, when he was 3.________ 22-year-old physics major in the US.
In 2002, he built a website named Chinese Etymology(词源), 4.________ visitors can check the development of Chinese characters in a variety of forms for free. Because of this well-received website, he became Uncle Hanzi, a nickname which 5.________(give) by Chinese netizens.
In September, Sears set up 6.________(he) studio in Nanjing as part of the local government’s plan to promote Chinese culture. To help both Chinese and foreign 7.________(learner) have a better understanding of Chinese characters, the studio concentrates on telling stories behind Chinese characters 8.________ the aid of technology.
They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for a popular video website among young people. 9.________ (watch) the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters, leaving them a deep impression.
With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government’s support, more people will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters 10.________(full).
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Richard Sears对汉字充满兴趣，专注于讲述汉字的故事。
1．amazing　考查形容词。根据空格前的“Chinese characters are so”可知，此处应用-ing结尾的形容词作表语。故填amazing。
2．has been focusing/has focused　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处作谓语。再根据时间状语For the past three decades可知，此处可用现在完成进行时表示动作会继续进行下去，也可以用现在完成时表示动作持续到现在。主语Richard Sears为单数，助动词用has。故填has been focusing/has focused。
3．a　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处泛指一位在美国的22岁物理专业生，应用不定冠词。22-year-old以辅音音素开头。故填a。
4．where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词a website named Chinese Etymology(词源)在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
5．was given　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处作which引导的定语从句的谓语，动词give与主语which(指代a nickname)为动宾关系，应用被动语态。再根据主句的谓语became可知，此处应用一般过去时，be动词用was。故填was given。
6．his　考查代词。此处修饰名词studio，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。
7．learners　考查名词。根据空格前的“To help both Chinese and foreign”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填learners。
8．with　考查介词。此处考查固定短语with the aid of…，意为“在……的帮助下”。故填with。
9．Watching　考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子已有谓语brings，故用非谓语动词形式。“9.______(watch) the video”在句中作主语， 表示经常性的行为，应用动词的-ing形式。此处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Watching。
10．fully　考查副词。此处修饰动词短语will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters，应用副词作状语。故填fully。
Ⅲ．应用文写作　
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom给你写信，咨询如何在班级创设浓厚的汉语学习氛围，提高学生学习汉语的兴趣。请你用英文给他写一封回信。内容包括：
1．宣传标语(slogan)用英语和汉语；　
2．开设汉语角；　
3．邀请汉语老师来学校上课。
注意：
1．词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；　
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
How are you doing I’m glad to hear from you. From your letter，________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua　
One possible version：
Dear Tom，
How are you doing I’m glad to hear from you. From your letter, I know that your class wants to develop the students’ interest in Chinese learning. Now I’d like to share some advice with you.
To begin with, all the signs and slogans in your class should be written both in Chinese and English, which can create an atmosphere to learn Chinese. Secondly, you should set up a Chinese Corner, where you can practise your spoken Chinese. Last but not least, you can invite some Chinese teachers to your school to have Chinese lessons.
I hope my suggestions can be helpful to you. I’m looking forward to your good news soon.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua　

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