资源简介

Section Ⅲ　　Grammar and usage
　　　(语法项目——动词－ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语)
语境中体悟
①The United Nations Children's Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations (UN) organisation based in New York.②It offers help needed by children all over the world.③Founded on 11 December 1946, UNICEF aimed to provide food and healthcare for children in countries damaged in World War Ⅱ at first.Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world.④Now, UNICEF has been working to improve the lives of children and their families and makes its work carried out across 190 countries and territories.
[语法入门]
句①中的过去分词known及based在句中作定语；
句②中的过去分词needed在句中作定语，修饰help；
句③中的Founded在句中作状语，可改为时间状语从句；damaged在句中作定语，修饰countries；
句④中的过去分词短语carried out在句中作宾语补足语，为make sth.done结构。
学案中理清
动词－ed形式具有形容词、副词的作用，在句中可以作定语、状语和宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词－ed形式作定语
1．一般情况下，单个过去分词作定语，通常放在所修饰词之前。
(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left (剩余的)、 given(所给的)、 concerned (有关的)等。
(2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。
2．过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，通常放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
3．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作已完成。
4．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别：
语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt __________ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six－meter－tall pavilion, ____________ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
③(2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ____________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份)．
④(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ____________ (intend) for everyone.
⑤(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____________ (build) system of ring roads.
二、动词－ed形式作状语
1．过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句；其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
2．有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。此类过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost、 seated、 hidden、 lost/absorbed in、 dressed in、 tired of等。
3．过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致；如果不一致，则应在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词结构被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①That didn't go as ____________ (plan)．But, I tried my best.
②It is said that about 20% of 25－34－year－olds live with their parents, ____________ (compare) with 16% in 1991.
③____________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
④____________ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
(2)用独立主格结构作状语改写句子
⑤After the lecture was given, a lively question－and－answer session followed.
→________________， a lively question－and－answer session followed.
⑥The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.
→The factory produced many famous cars, ________________________________.
⑦Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
→________________________________， he felt very happy.
三、动词－ed形式作宾语补足语
1．过去分词用在表示某种状态的keep、 leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
3．感官动词see、 hear、 notice、 observe、 watch、 feel、 find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like、 want、 wish、 expect、 order等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
5．用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
[对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空)
①But that's how nature is — always leaving us ____________ (astonish)．
②They make great gifts and you see them many times ____________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
③Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____________ (wash)．
④Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ____________ (amuse) with her stories.
⑤With the problem ____________ (solve), the quality has been improved.
⑥They knew her very well. They had seen her ____________ (grow) up from childhood.
⑦The missing boy was last seen ____________ (play) near the river.
⑧The steward was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned and everything ____________ (arrange) in perfect order.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.句型转换(用非谓语形式改写句子)
1．The library which was built in 1995 is still in good condition.
→The library ________________ is still in good condition.
2．He was devoted to his research, so that he had no time to relax.
→________________________， he had no time to relax.
3．When I arrived there, I noticed the car was stuck in the mud.
→When I arrived there, I ________________________________.
4．If I was given more time, I would be able to finish the task.
→________________________________， I would be able to finish the task.
5．The woman doctor tried her best to save the girl who was seriously injured in the accident.
→The woman doctor tried her best to save the girl seriously __________________________.
6．The athlete walked onto the platform, and he was followed by two other prizewinners.
→The athlete walked onto the platform, ________________________________.
7．In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetlands that were damaged by human activities.
→In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetlands ______________________________.
8．The man who is cheering up the team members is the organizer of this activity.
→The man ____________________________ is the organizer of this activity.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．She was happy to ________________________________ at her elder sister's home.
她很高兴看到母亲在姐姐家里受到了很好的照顾。
2．________________________________， the problem was settled in a simple way at last.
被讨论了几次后，这个问题最终用一种简单的方式被解决了。
3．________________________________， she attended the opening ceremony.
她穿着一条漂亮的裙子，参加了开幕式。
4．________________________________ again, we didn't lose heart.
虽然又被另一支队伍打败了，但是我们没有灰心。
5．You can't accept an opinion __________________________ unless it is based on facts.
你不能接受提供给你的意见，除非它是基于事实的。
Ⅲ.用所给词的恰当形式填空
①____________ (observe) on the first day of the first lunar month, Chinese Lunar New Year, also ②____________ (call) the Spring Festival, is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals ③____________ (cook) by themselves and chat with family members while others may take a trip ④____________ (visit) their friends or to spend their long holiday.It is also a children's festival.The elders will hand out red packets to the younger generation with some money ⑤____________ (put) into them.And children used to set off firecrackers during the Spring Festival.Chinese people think the loud sound of the firecrackers makes devils ⑥____________ (drive) away.
1．The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria.
结果表明，这种霉菌所产生的某种物质杀死了细菌。
★indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出
|用|法|感|知|
(“动作描写”佳句)She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us.
她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线。
Research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.
研究表明，这些数字已经上升一段时间了。
All the indications are that he is filled with anger now.
所有迹象都表明他现在正处于盛怒之中。
[归纳点拨]
(1)indicate sth.to sb.　　 向某人表明或暗示某事
indicate that ... 表明或暗示……
(2)indication n. 迹象，暗示
indication of (doing) sth. (做)……的暗示
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She gave no ____________ (indicate) of hearing us.
②Progress __________________________ to change the way he is living.
进步表明一个人改变目前生活方式的能力。
③A red sky in the evening ________________ the following day.
傍晚天边红，明朝天气好。
④____________________________ it is human activity that has resulted in the environmental destruction to the village.
文章表明是人类活动对村庄环境造成了破坏。
2．As Louis Pasteur said，“Fortune favours the prepared mind.”
正如路易·巴斯德所说：“机遇眷顾有准备的人。”
★favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
|用|法|感|知|
Of the three plans I favour the first, which I think is the most practical.
这三个计划中，我赞同第一个，我认为这个最实用。
(总结收尾句)We are all in favour of this kind of races, and hope that our school can often hold this kind of activities.
我们都支持这种赛跑活动，并希望我们学校可以经常举办这类活动。
(主旨升华句)It is also meaningful to make use of what I have learned to do others a favour.
利用我学的东西帮助他人也是很有意义的。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in favour of　　　　 支持，赞同；有利于
in sb.'s favour 有利于某人
(2)do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb.
给某人以恩惠；帮助某人
ask sb.a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb.
请某人帮忙
(3)favourable adj. 有利的；赞同的；支持的
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①I hate to disturb you, but I'd like to ask ____________ favour.
②Personally, I am ____________ favour of the new policy that will come into effect next month.
③We could have done better under more ____________ (favour) conditions.
(2)一句多译
请帮个忙把我刚刚收到的这封信处理掉行吗？
④Would you ______________________ and get rid of this letter I've just received
⑤Would you ______________________ and get rid of this letter I've just received
3．When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key.
当雷雨来临，闪电就会给钥匙充电。
★charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管
|用|法|感|知|
Suppose you are in charge of a small society, what will you do to help your partner
假设你负责一个小社团，你会做些什么来帮助你的伙伴？
(“咨询”类佳句)Thirdly, I wonder how much you will charge us for the six－week course.
第三，我想知道你们六周的课程要收多少钱。
[归纳点拨]
(1)free of charge　　 　 免费
on charge 充电中
in charge of 主管/负责……
in the charge of 由……负责/掌控
take charge of 掌管/负责……
(2)charge sb.some money for sth. 为某物向某人索价
charge sb.with (doing) sth. 指控/控告某人(做)某事
|应|用|融|会|
(1)介词填空
①The man who had taken charge __________ the company was charged ____________ taking drugs.
②They charged me five dollars ____________ a cup of coffee.
(2)一句多译
他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。
③He can't ________________ the programme because it is beyond his ability.
④He can't ________________ the programme because it is beyond his ability.
⑤The programme can't ____________________ him because it is beyond his ability.
Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage
语法专题突破
学案中理清 　
一、[对点练]　①left　②inspired　③designed　④intended
⑤built
二、[对点练]　①planned　②compared　③Founded
④Translated　⑤The lecture given
⑥none of them shipped to foreign countries
⑦Extra money given to the poor
三、[对点练]　①astonished　②decorated　③washed
④amused　⑤solved　⑥grow 　⑦playing　⑧arranged
应用中融通 　
Ⅰ.1.built in 1995　2.Devoted to his research
3．noticed the car stuck in the mud　4.Given more time
5．injured in the accident　6.followed by two other prizewinners
7．damaged by human activities
8．cheering up the team members
Ⅱ.1.see her mother taken good care of
2．Having been discussed many times
3．Dressed in a beautiful skirt　4.Beaten by another team
5．offered to you
Ⅲ.①Observed　②called　③cooked　④to visit　⑤put
⑥driven
新知深化学习
1．①indication　②indicates a person's ability
③indicates fine weather　④The passage indicates that
2．①a　②in　③favourable　④do me a favour
⑤do a favour for me
3．①of; with　②for　③be in charge of　④take charge of
⑤be in the charge of
7 / 7(共76张PPT)
Grammar and usage
Section Ⅲ
(语法项目——动词-ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语)
语法专题突破
新知深化学习
课时检测
Contents 目录
01
02
03
01
语法专题突破
语境中体悟
①The United Nations Children's Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations (UN) organisation based in New York.②It offers help needed by children all over the world.③Founded on 11 December 1946, UNICEF aimed to provide food and healthcare for children in countries damaged in World War Ⅱ at first.Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world.④Now, UNICEF has been working to improve the lives of children and their families and makes its work carried out across 190 countries and territories.
[语法入门]
句①中的过去分词known及based在句中作定语；
句②中的过去分词needed在句中作定语，修饰help；
句③中的Founded在句中作状语，可改为时间状语从句；damaged在句中作定语，修饰countries；
句④中的过去分词短语carried out在句中作宾语补足语，为make sth.done结构。
学案中理清
动词－ed形式具有形容词、副词的作用，在句中可以作定语、状语和宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词－ed形式作定语
1．一般情况下，单个过去分词作定语，通常放在所修饰词之前。
(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left (剩余的)、 given(所给的)、 concerned (有关的)等。
(2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。
2．过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，通常放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
3．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作已完成。
语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
4．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别：
[对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six－meter－tall pavilion, __________ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
③(2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs _________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份)．
left
inspired
designed
④(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message _________ (intend) for everyone.
⑤(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ______ (build) system of ring roads.
intended
built
二、动词－ed形式作状语
1．过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句；其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
2．有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。此类过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost、 seated、 hidden、 lost/absorbed in、 dressed in、 tired of等。
3．过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致；如果不一致，则应在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词结构被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①That didn't go as ________ (plan)．But, I tried my best.
②It is said that about 20% of 25－34－year－olds live with their parents, ____________ (compare) with 16% in 1991.
③___________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
④__________ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
planned
compared
Founded
Translated
(2)用独立主格结构作状语改写句子
⑤After the lecture was given, a lively question－and－answer session followed.
→________________, a lively question－and－answer session followed.
⑥The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.
→The factory produced many famous cars, ___________________
__________________.
The lecture given
none of them shipped
to foreign countries
⑦Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
→____________________________, he felt very happy.
Extra money given to the poor
三、动词－ed形式作宾语补足语
1．过去分词用在表示某种状态的keep、 leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
3．感官动词see、 hear、 notice、 observe、 watch、 feel、 find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like、 want、 wish、 expect、 order等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
5．用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
[对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空)
①But that's how nature is — always leaving us ___________ (astonish)．
②They make great gifts and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
③Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________ (wash)．
④Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues __________ (amuse) with her stories.
astonished
decorated
washed
amused
⑤With the problem ______ (solve), the quality has been improved.
⑥They knew her very well. They had seen her _____ (grow) up from childhood.
⑦The missing boy was last seen _________ (play) near the river.
⑧The steward was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned and everything __________ (arrange) in perfect order.
solved
grow
playing
arranged
应用中融通
Ⅰ.句型转换(用非谓语形式改写句子)
1．The library which was built in 1995 is still in good condition.
→The library ____________ is still in good condition.
2．He was devoted to his research, so that he had no time to relax.
→_____________________, he had no time to relax.
3．When I arrived there, I noticed the car was stuck in the mud.
→When I arrived there, I ________________________________.
4．If I was given more time, I would be able to finish the task.
→________________, I would be able to finish the task.
built in 1995
Devoted to his research
noticed the car stuck in the mud
Given more time
5．The woman doctor tried her best to save the girl who was seriously injured in the accident.
→The woman doctor tried her best to save the girl seriously ____________________.
6．The athlete walked onto the platform, and he was followed by two other prizewinners.
→The athlete walked onto the platform, _____________________
_____________.
injured in the accident
followed by two other
prizewinners
7．In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetlands that were damaged by human activities.
→In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetlands __________________________.
8．The man who is cheering up the team members is the organizer of this activity.
→The man ____________________________ is the organizer of this activity.
damaged by human activities
cheering up the team members
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．She was happy to ______________________________ at her elder sister's home.
她很高兴看到母亲在姐姐家里受到了很好的照顾。
2．_______________________________, the problem was settled in a simple way at last.
被讨论了几次后，这个问题最终用一种简单的方式被解决了。
3．____________________________, she attended the opening ceremony.
她穿着一条漂亮的裙子，参加了开幕式。
see her mother taken good care of
Having been discussed many times
Dressed in a beautiful skirt
4．_______________________ again, we didn't lose heart.
虽然又被另一支队伍打败了，但是我们没有灰心。
5．You can't accept an opinion _____________ unless it is based on facts.
你不能接受提供给你的意见，除非它是基于事实的。
Beaten by another team
offered to you
Ⅲ.用所给词的恰当形式填空
①___________ (observe) on the first day of the first lunar month, Chinese Lunar New Year, also ②______ (call) the Spring Festival, is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals ③_______ (cook) by themselves and chat with family members while others may take a trip ④_______ (visit) their friends or to spend their long holiday.It is also a children's festival.The elders will hand out red packets to the younger generation with some money ⑤____ (put) into them.And children used to set off firecrackers during the Spring Festival.Chinese people think the loud sound of the firecrackers makes devils ⑥_______ (drive) away.
Observed
called
cooked
to visit
put
driven
02
新知深化学习
1．The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria.
结果表明，这种霉菌所产生的某种物质杀死了细菌。
★indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出
|用|法|感|知|
(“动作描写”佳句)She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us.
她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线。
Research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.
研究表明，这些数字已经上升一段时间了。
All the indications are that he is filled with anger now.
所有迹象都表明他现在正处于盛怒之中。
[归纳点拨]
(1)indicate sth.to sb.　　 向某人表明或暗示某事
indicate that ... 表明或暗示……
(2)indication n. 迹象，暗示
indication of (doing) sth. (做)……的暗示
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She gave no __________ (indicate) of hearing us.
②Progress ________________________ to change the way he is living.
进步表明一个人改变目前生活方式的能力。
indication
indicates a person's ability
③A red sky in the evening ______________________ the following day.
傍晚天边红，明朝天气好。
④________________________ it is human activity that has resulted in the environmental destruction to the village.
文章表明是人类活动对村庄环境造成了破坏。
indicates fine weather
The passage indicates that
2．As Louis Pasteur said，“Fortune favours the prepared mind.”
正如路易·巴斯德所说：“机遇眷顾有准备的人。”
★favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
|用|法|感|知|
Of the three plans I favour the first, which I think is the most practical.
这三个计划中，我赞同第一个，我认为这个最实用。
(总结收尾句)We are all in favour of this kind of races, and hope that our school can often hold this kind of activities.我们都支持这种赛跑活动，并希望我们学校可以经常举办这类活动。
(主旨升华句)It is also meaningful to make use of what I have learned to do others a favour.
利用我学的东西帮助他人也是很有意义的。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in favour of　　　　 支持，赞同；有利于
in sb.'s favour 有利于某人
(2)do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb.
给某人以恩惠；帮助某人
ask sb.a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb.
请某人帮忙
(3)favourable adj. 有利的；赞同的；支持的
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①I hate to disturb you, but I'd like to ask ___ favour.
②Personally, I am ____ favour of the new policy that will come into effect next month.
③We could have done better under more ____________ (favour) conditions.
a
in
favourable
(2)一句多译
请帮个忙把我刚刚收到的这封信处理掉行吗？
④Would you _______________ and get rid of this letter I've just received
⑤Would you __________________ and get rid of this letter I've just received
do me a favour
do a favour for me
3．When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key.
当雷雨来临，闪电就会给钥匙充电。
★charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管
|用|法|感|知|
Suppose you are in charge of a small society, what will you do to help your partner
假设你负责一个小社团，你会做些什么来帮助你的伙伴？
(“咨询”类佳句)Thirdly, I wonder how much you will charge us for the six－week course.
第三，我想知道你们六周的课程要收多少钱。
[归纳点拨]
(1)free of charge　　 　 免费
on charge 充电中
in charge of 主管/负责……
in the charge of 由……负责/掌控
take charge of 掌管/负责……
(2)charge sb.some money for sth. 为某物向某人索价
charge sb.with (doing) sth. 指控/控告某人(做)某事
|应|用|融|会|
(1)介词填空
①The man who had taken charge ___ the company was charged _______ taking drugs.
②They charged me five dollars ____ a cup of coffee.
of
with
for
(2)一句多译
他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。
③He can't ______________ the programme because it is beyond his ability.
④He can't _______________ the programme because it is beyond his ability.
⑤The programme can't __________________ him because it is beyond his ability.
be in charge of
take charge of
be in the charge of
03
课时检测
(标 语篇配有教师讲评课件)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Lam Hon－ming, director of the State Key Laboratory at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is a top expert in soybean (大豆) research.Since 1998, Lam's team has been cooperating with scientists in Chinese mainland.In 2010, he came across Zhang Guohong, an agricultural expert from Gansu, at a national soybean conference.With the same major, they hit it off and decided to improve farmers' lives and promote local agriculture.
Farmers in Gansu depend largely on the weather for their livelihood, mainly on rainfall, which is also a cause of severe poorness in the area.In 2016, they developed three new soybean varieties suited to salty soil and rare rainfall of Northwest China.All received official government approval.
As the land in Northwest China is not suitable for the growth of common varieties of soybeans, local farmers never planted soybeans, and it became a major problem for spreading new soybeans.Lam and Zhang increased communication with farmers through various ways.To ensure farmers' income, Lam struck a partnership with a Hong Kong food company that will purchase all soybeans at market price when they are harvested.
By 2020, the planting area of the three approved soybeans in Gansu had gone beyond 2.4 million square kilometers, covering 46 of the province's 80－plus counties, and the output had reached 7.71 million kilograms, adding about 30 million yuan to local farmers' income.
Zhang said that Professor Lam's contribution has greatly pushed the poorness relief and agricultural research in Northwest China.“It is hard to keep doing agricultural research with less funding.And it is more difficult to travel from Hong Kong to the poor areas of the Northwest to do agricultural research，” he added.In the future, Lam will continue to work with mainland scientists and lead more “Hong Kong power” into the development of the country's Northwest.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。香港中文大学国家重点实验室主任林汉明和甘肃的农业专家张国宏通过自己的研究成果帮助甘肃农民改善生活，推动了甘肃当地的农业发展。
1．What can we know about the two scientists from paragraph 1
A．They have been friends since 1998.
B．They both major in agriculture.
C．They once served in the same lab.
D．They met by chance in Hong Kong.
√
解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“Lam Hon－ming ...soybean research.” “In 2010 ...With the same major, they hit it off and decided to improve farmers' lives and promote local agriculture.”可知，林汉明是大豆研究的顶级专家。2010年，他在一次全国大豆会议上偶遇了来自甘肃的农业专家张国宏，他们两位专业相同。据此可知，这两位科学家都主修农业。
2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Rainfall is not enough.
B．The locals lived a poor life.
C．Little land is rich in nutrition.
D．The farmers never planted soybeans.
解析：代词指代题。根据第三段画线词所在句“As the land ...spreading new soybeans.”可知，由于西北地区的土地不适合种植普通大豆品种，当地农民从不种植大豆，这成为推广新大豆的一大难题。it 指代上文的当地农民从不种植大豆这种情况。
√
3．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A．More work needs to be done.
B．All farmers become better－off.
C．The two scientists are successful.
D．Soybeans grow throughout Gansu.
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，截至2020年，三批大豆在甘肃的种植面积超过240万平方公里，覆盖全省80多个县中的46个，产量达到771万公斤，为当地农民增加收入约3 000万元。据此可知，该段主要告诉我们两位科学家成功了。
√
4．Which of the following can best describe Lam Hon－ming
A．Dependent.　　　　　　 B．Honest.
C．Open－minded. D．Devoted.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，林教授的贡献极大地推动了中国西北地区的扶贫和农业研究。尽管资金缺乏、研究困难，但是林教授将继续与内地科学家合作，参与祖国西北地区的开发。据此可推知，林汉明具有奉献精神。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
Earlier this summer, my PhD graduation finally came.There I __5__ a poster board saying “Develop your potential”， and a __6__ on it arrested my attention：“Keep trying until you get it right.” It made me stop to __7__ my experiences.
I grew up with the dream of becoming a scientist.When I finished my master's degree, I wanted to try something more __8__：a doctoral degree.My dream met with a(n) __9__ when I failed the entrance exam.Nearly all my friends and professors advised me to put it aside and accept the __10__ I had been offered.But I was __11__ the routine work would hold back my __12__ for exploring.So I decided to apply abroad for doctoral programs.
I worked as a research assistant to earn a __13__ while studying for the programs.I never __14__ despite the difficulties and was accepted into a doctoral program in China eventually.There, I met even more __15__： language problems, cultural differences, etc.Yet I held the same __16__ as the note writer: Keep trying.Over time, everything was __17__ gradually.
I realized that by trying again and again, I have __18__ my potential.By focusing more on what I __19__ and less on what I missed, I learned to enjoy the process of trying and the unexpected opportunities it brought.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者儿时便梦想着成为一名科学家。研究生毕业后，他决定考取博士学位继续学习。考试失败后他没有放弃，而是选择申请中国的博士项目，经过不懈努力，他终于取得了成功。
5．A.placed　　　　　　 B．examined
C．sighted D．monitored
解析：作者发现一块广告牌上写着“开发你的潜能”。
√
6．A.chart B．message
C．saying D．note
解析：根据下文的“Yet I held the same ________ as the note writer”可知，广告牌上的一个便条(note)引起了作者的注意。
√
7．A.think up B．speak of
C．reflect on D．get across
解析：根据下文可知，这个便条上的内容使作者停下来认真思考自己的经历。reflect on“认真思考，沉思”。
√
8．A.inspiring B．unique
C．advantageous D．ambitious
解析：根据上文的“I finished my master's degree”和下文的“a doctoral degree”可知，研究生毕业后，作者想要尝试更有抱负的事：(考取)博士学位。
√
9．A.blow B．objection
C．conflict D．emergency
解析：根据空后的“I failed the entrance exam”可知，作者的梦想受到了打击。blow“打击”。
√
10．A.certificate B．position
C．reward D．reality
解析：根据空后的“the routine work”可知，朋友和教授都劝作者接受被提供的那份工作。position“职位，职务”。
√
11．A.scared B．doubtful
C．upset D．confused
解析：根据空前的“But”和空后的“the routine work would hold back my ________ for exploring”可知，作者担心(scared)这份平淡乏味的工作会抑制他探索的热情(fire)。
√
12．A.admiration B．fire
C．demand D．wish
解析：参见上题解析。
√
13．A.fortune B．reputation
C．promotion D．living
解析：根据语境可知，作者一边为博士项目学习，一边做研究助理谋生。living“生计，谋生，收入”。
√
14．A.forgot B．resigned
C．regretted D．relaxed
解析：根据语境和空后的“despite the difficulties”可知，尽管遇到了一些困难，但作者从不后悔。regret“感到遗憾，惋惜，懊悔”。
√
15．A.challenges B．tests
C．alternatives D．programs
解析：根据上文的“difficulties”“even more”和下文的“language problems, cultural differences, etc.”可知，作者被中国的一个博士项目录取了，在那里作者遇到了更多的挑战(challenges)。
√
16．A.quality B．promise
C．attitude D．goal
解析：根据空前的“the same”和空后的“as the note writer: Keep trying”可知，作者持和那个写便条的人一样的态度：不断尝试。
√
17．A.for sure B．beyond imagination
C．by choice D．on track
解析：根据语境可知，随着时间的推移，一切都逐渐步入正轨。
√
18．A.unlocked B．seen
C．showed D．understood
解析：根据上文的“Develop your potential”及作者的经历可知，作者通过一次又一次的尝试，发掘了自己的潜力。unlock“发现，揭示，揭开”。
√
19．A.appreciated B．achieved
C．deserved D．transformed
解析：根据语境可知，作者把更多的注意力集中于他已经完成的事情上，而不是他错过的事情上。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)( )
Walking into the Palace Museum, visitors can see an architectural complex with many characteristics of Chinese culture.But __20__ can't be seen is the science and technology behind it.The Palace Museum combines traditional restoration techniques with modern science and technology, thus __21__ (enhance) its capacity for cultural exhibition, communication, tourism services and heritage protection.
The Palace Museum, __22__ (equip) with a cultural heritage protection and research team with China's most complete variety, has developed and integrated 14 types of special monitoring devices __23__ independent intellectual property rights (IPR)．The __24__ (history) risk data is used to study and compile (编译) safety risk assessment index system, risk judgment and early warning systems, and preventive measures.With the introduction of AI, big data and cloud computing, the museum has also established a unique monitoring and response system and __25__ emergency platform for immovable cultural relics.
Additionally, digital technologies __26__ (apply) by the Palace Museum to protect cultural relics.It has introduced 1.86 million pieces of cultural relic information, 850,000 pieces/sets of images, 1,500 three－dimensional models and high－precision panoramic images (全景图) of all open areas, bringing cultural resources to life and offering __27__ (good) digital services for Internet users.The Palace Museum is __28__ (true) an amazing example of applying the __29__ (combine) of modern and traditional technologies to the restoration and preservation of more of the cultural relics.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了故宫博物院将传统修复技术与现代科学技术相结合，从而增强了其文化展示、交流、旅游服务和遗产保护的能力。
20．what　考查主语从句。空处引导主语从句，作主语，指代事物，应用连接代词what。
21．enhancing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填enhancing。
22．equipped　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，且The Palace Museum与equip之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填equipped。
23．with　考查介词。根据句意可知，空处表示“有”，应用介词with。
24．historical　考查形容词。此处修饰名词data，应用形容词，表示“历史的”。故填historical。
25．an　考查冠词。platform为可数名词，此处泛指“一个应急平台”，且emergency以元音音素开头，故填an。
26．have been applied　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；主语与谓语之间为被动关系，且主语为复数，谓语也应用复数形式。故填have been applied。
27．better　考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，此处表示“更好的”，应用形容词比较级better。
28．truly　考查副词。修饰谓语动词应用副词。故填truly。
29．combination　考查名词。apply后接名词作宾语，combination“结合”为抽象概念，是不可数名词。UNIT 4　课时检测(三)　Grammar and usage
(标语篇配有教师讲评课件。选择题在答题区内作答，主观题在题后作答)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Lam Hon－ming, director of the State Key Laboratory at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is a top expert in soybean (大豆) research.Since 1998, Lam's team has been cooperating with scientists in Chinese mainland.In 2010, he came across Zhang Guohong, an agricultural expert from Gansu, at a national soybean conference.With the same major, they hit it off and decided to improve farmers' lives and promote local agriculture.
Farmers in Gansu depend largely on the weather for their livelihood, mainly on rainfall, which is also a cause of severe poorness in the area.In 2016, they developed three new soybean varieties suited to salty soil and rare rainfall of Northwest China.All received official government approval.
As the land in Northwest China is not suitable for the growth of common varieties of soybeans, local farmers never planted soybeans, and it became a major problem for spreading new soybeans.Lam and Zhang increased communication with farmers through various ways.To ensure farmers' income, Lam struck a partnership with a Hong Kong food company that will purchase all soybeans at market price when they are harvested.
By 2020, the planting area of the three approved soybeans in Gansu had gone beyond 2.4 million square kilometers, covering 46 of the province's 80－plus counties, and the output had reached 7.71 million kilograms, adding about 30 million yuan to local farmers' income.
Zhang said that Professor Lam's contribution has greatly pushed the poorness relief and agricultural research in Northwest China.“It is hard to keep doing agricultural research with less funding.And it is more difficult to travel from Hong Kong to the poor areas of the Northwest to do agricultural research，” he added.In the future, Lam will continue to work with mainland scientists and lead more “Hong Kong power” into the development of the country's Northwest.
1．What can we know about the two scientists from paragraph 1
A．They have been friends since 1998.
B．They both major in agriculture.
C．They once served in the same lab.
D．They met by chance in Hong Kong.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Rainfall is not enough.
B．The locals lived a poor life.
C．Little land is rich in nutrition.
D．The farmers never planted soybeans.
3．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A．More work needs to be done.
B．All farmers become better－off.
C．The two scientists are successful.
D．Soybeans grow throughout Gansu.
4．Which of the following can best describe Lam Hon－ming
A．Dependent.　　　　　　 B．Honest.
C．Open－minded. D．Devoted.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Earlier this summer, my PhD graduation finally came.There I __5__ a poster board saying “Develop your potential”， and a __6__ on it arrested my attention：“Keep trying until you get it right.” It made me stop to __7__ my experiences.
I grew up with the dream of becoming a scientist.When I finished my master's degree, I wanted to try something more __8__：a doctoral degree.My dream met with a(n) __9__ when I failed the entrance exam.Nearly all my friends and professors advised me to put it aside and accept the __10__ I had been offered.But I was __11__ the routine work would hold back my __12__ for exploring.So I decided to apply abroad for doctoral programs.
I worked as a research assistant to earn a __13__ while studying for the programs.I never __14__ despite the difficulties and was accepted into a doctoral program in China eventually.There, I met even more __15__： language problems, cultural differences, etc.Yet I held the same __16__ as the note writer: Keep trying.Over time, everything was __17__ gradually.
I realized that by trying again and again, I have __18__ my potential.By focusing more on what I __19__ and less on what I missed, I learned to enjoy the process of trying and the unexpected opportunities it brought.
5．A.placed　　　　　　 B．examined
C．sighted D．monitored
6．A.chart B．message
C．saying D．note
7．A.think up B．speak of
C．reflect on D．get across
8．A.inspiring B．unique
C．advantageous D．ambitious
9．A.blow B．objection
C．conflict D．emergency
10．A.certificate B．position
C．reward D．reality
11．A.scared B．doubtful
C．upset D．confused
12．A.admiration B．fire
C．demand D．wish
13．A.fortune B．reputation
C．promotion D．living
14．A.forgot B．resigned
C．regretted D．relaxed
15．A.challenges B．tests
C．alternatives D．programs
16．A.quality B．promise
C．attitude D．goal
17．A.for sure B．beyond imagination
C．by choice D．on track
18．A.unlocked B．seen
C．showed D．understood
19．A.appreciated B．achieved
C．deserved D．transformed
Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)()
Walking into the Palace Museum, visitors can see an architectural complex with many characteristics of Chinese culture.But 20.____________ can't be seen is the science and technology behind it.The Palace Museum combines traditional restoration techniques with modern science and technology, thus 21.__________ (enhance) its capacity for cultural exhibition, communication, tourism services and heritage protection.
The Palace Museum, 22.____________ (equip) with a cultural heritage protection and research team with China's most complete variety, has developed and integrated 14 types of special monitoring devices 23.____________ independent intellectual property rights (IPR)．The 24.____________ (history) risk data is used to study and compile (编译) safety risk assessment index system, risk judgment and early warning systems, and preventive measures.With the introduction of AI, big data and cloud computing, the museum has also established a unique monitoring and response system and 25.____________ emergency platform for immovable cultural relics.
Additionally, digital technologies 26.____________ (apply) by the Palace Museum to protect cultural relics.It has introduced 1.86 million pieces of cultural relic information, 850,000 pieces/sets of images, 1,500 three－dimensional models and high－precision panoramic images (全景图) of all open areas, bringing cultural resources to life and offering 27.____________ (good) digital services for Internet users.The Palace Museum is 28.____________ (true) an amazing example of applying the 29.____________ (combine) of modern and traditional technologies to the restoration and preservation of more of the cultural relics.
UNIT 4　课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诗歌、话剧、散文、小说等文学形式。
1．选B　主旨大意题。根据每段的第一句可知，文章主要介绍了诗歌、话剧、散文、小说等不同的文学形式。
2．选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Poetry appears earlier than other forms of literature”可知，诗歌出现得最早。
3．选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It generally consists chiefly of a dialogue between characters and is usually for theatrical performances rather than for reading.”可知，戏剧是为戏剧表演而不是阅读目的提供的。
4．选B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Prose writing can take beautiful forms, but not because of the forms of words it uses.”可知，散文不同于其他文学形式，它的优美并不在于它所使用的文字形式。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从第一次投稿到最终成为作家的经历。
5．选A　根据前文“I drove 12 miles to the county newspaper office one day.”和“a one page short novel I had written”可知，作者去报社投稿，希望自己的作品出版。
6．选B　根据后文“I was on pins and needles, and every now and then, I stood up and walked back and forth.”可知，作者焦虑地想知道出版商是否想要他的作品。
7．选D　根据前文“I was on pins and needles, and every now and then, I stood up and walked back and forth.”以及“still”可知，作者仍然感到紧张。
8．选B　根据前文“but the kind smile he shared with me”可知，出版商的笑容使作者放松下来。
9．选C　根据后文“so he had to read my handwritten ________ ”可知，作者没有打字机，必须手写。
10．选D　根据前文“Beside me lay a one page short novel I had written”可知，作者投稿的作品是故事。
11．选C　根据前文“I couldn't like it enough”及后文“I jumped with joy”可知，作者的作品被选用了，要登在下周的版面上。
12．选A　根据语境和前文“I couldn't like it enough and I would include it in the next week's ________ .”和“But I expected even more.”可知，作者的作品被选用了，作者希望能为报社继续写作。
13．选B　根据后文“He even said he would pay me five dollars for each new thing I wrote.”可知，出版商同意了。
14．选D　根据语境和后文“I skipped and danced on the sidewalk when I went outside”可知，作者非常高兴。
15．选A　根据后文“Now, I have my own studio and lead a better life.”可知，作者投稿成功这件事改变了他的一生。
16．选B　根据前文“I asked him if I could keep ________ for him each week.”可知，作者继续为报社写作。
17．选D　根据后文“I've become a determined and patient person.”可知，作者通过写作得到了成长。
18．选C　根据前文“I ________ to write something new for my publisher — my friend each week.”以及“Each time I learn something new”可知，作者已经养成写作的习惯。
19．选A　根据前文“Each time I learn something new, I ________ write it to get my friend to publish it.”可知，作者是个作家。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何选择自己应该阅读的书籍。
20．yourself　考查代词。此处表示“问自己”，应用反身代词yourself。
21．sources　考查名词复数。source为可数名词，结合“different”可知，应用复数形式。
22．to recommend　考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，为固定用法。
23．be found　考查语态。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语为关系代词that，指代先行词interesting reading materials，动词find与主语之间为被动关系，且can后跟动词原形，故填be found。
24．or　考查连词。此处表示可以在报纸、杂志或网上读书评，前后为选择关系，应用or连接。
25．A　考查冠词。review为可数名词，此处为泛指且book以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
26．that/which　考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词topics，且在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。
27．in　考查介词。后跟名词作宾语，表示“在不同区域”，应用介词in。
28．better　考查比较级。此处与之前的情况作比较，表示“更好”，应用比较级。
29．reading　考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.表示“享受做某事”，为固定用法。
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