资源简介

　 　　　　　　　Section Ⅶ　单元回顾与盘点
核心语言点建构
(一)词汇分类汇总
1．主题语境词汇之“科学研究”　
①　　　　　　 adj.　 广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；
概括的；开阔的
②　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 　　 想要，计划；意指
③　　　　　　 n. 提取物；选录
vt. 提取；选录；取出；设法得到
④　　　　　　 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
⑤　　　　　　 n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践
vi. 做试验，进行实验；尝试
⑥　　　　　　 n. 试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验
vi.& vt. 　　 测试，试验
⑦　　　　　　 n. 容器；集装箱，货柜
⑧　　　　　　 vt. 延迟，延期
⑨　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 　 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
⑩　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 　 充电；收费；控告；谴责；
使……承担责任；使充满
n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
　　　　　　 n. 突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击
vi.& vt. 　 砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞
　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 　 应用；申请；涂；有关
　　　　　　 vt. 取消，使无效；否认，否定
　　　　　　 关于，至于
2．主题语境词汇之“研究发现”　
①　　　　　　 adj. 致命的；十足的，彻底的
②　　　　　　 n. 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物
③　　　　　　 adj. 有限的
④　　　　　　 adj. 家庭的，家用的，家务的
n. 一家人，家庭
⑤　　　　　　 adj. 足够的，充足的
⑥　　　　　　 n. 数据，资料，材料
⑦　　　　　　 (使)加速
⑧　　　　　　 成功，奏效，达到目的
⑨　　　　　　 n. 错误，差错
⑩　　　　　　 adj. 有益的，有用的
　　　　　　 vt. 说明，解释；加插图于
　　　　　　 n. 青霉素，盘尼西林
　　　　　　 n. 霉菌；模具；类型
vt. 浇铸；塑造
　　　　　　 n. 细菌
　　　　　　 vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；
与……紧密相关
　　　　　　 vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出
　　　　　　 n. 意外，偶然的事；
事故，意外遭遇
　　　　　　 n. 电，电能
　　　　　　 n. 学说，论；原理；看法，意见
　　　　　　 n. 带子，丝带；带状物
　　　　　　 n. 金属
　　　　　　 adj. 原子能的；原子的
　　　　　　 n. 炸弹；核武器
vt. 轰炸
　　　　　　 n. 罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处
adj. 恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
　　　　　　 vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加
　　　　　　 adj. 科学的，关于科学的；
细致严谨的
　　　　　　 n. 赞扬，认可；信用
vt. 存入金额；把……归于
　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 　 允许，准许，许可；使有可能
n. 　 许可证
　　　　　　 vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报
　　　　　　 提出，提议，建议
　　　　　　 n. 进化；演变，发展
　　　　　　 vt. 出版，发行；发表；公布
3．表达出彩词汇之“人物描写”　
①　　　　　　 n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智
②　　　　　　 adj. 有才智的，聪明的；有智力的
③　　　　　　 vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于
n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
④　　　　　　 n. 政治家，从政者；投机钻营者
⑤　　　　　　 adj. 突出的
n. 突出的人(或物)
⑥　　　　　　 adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的
n. 品行，道德；寓意
⑦　　　　　　 adj. 脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的
n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者
⑧　　　　　　 n. 神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；
悬疑作品
⑨　　　　　　 使某人失望
⑩　　　　　　 n. 无知
　　　　　　 n. 自由
　　　　　　 想当然地认为，
认为……是理所当然
　　　　　　 n. 权威，权力；官方
　　　　　　 n. 责任，负责；职责，义务
　　　　　　 n. 国籍；民族
　　　　　　 n. 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态
(二)经典句式再现
1．It is＋adj.＋to do ...
However, _____________________________ enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.
然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
2．with复合结构
Even ________________________________， however, they still faced another problem.
然而，即使制造了大量的青蒿提取物，他们仍然面临着另外一个问题。
3．be likely to ...
The trials on patients _________________________________ because they did not have sufficient safety data.
由于没有足够的安全数据，对患者的试验可能会推迟。
4．even though引导让步状语从句
Such power has obvious value — ________________________________________________ what one does with it.这样的力量其价值显而易见，尽管，这力量会被某人用它所做的事否定。
5．“be of＋抽象名词”结构
The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience ________________________________________________________________________.
科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。
6．not ...but ...“不是……而是……”
...to teach how doubt is ________________________________ to be welcomed and discussed ...……(我们有责任)教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨……
主题思维与表达
(一)联系图片内容，回答图后的问题。
1．Do you know who the man is in the above pictures
________________________________________________________________
2．What do you know about him
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
(二)阅读下面的短文，根据要求回答问题。
Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives in their search for the truth.
Sir Isaac Newton, the seventeenth century scientist, was very smart, but that didn't stop him from doing some pretty stupid things.In his laboratory in Cambridge he often did the strangest experiments.Once, while testing how light passes through lenses (晶状体), he put a long needle into his eye, pushed it to the back, and then moved it around just to see what would happen.Luckily, nothing long－lasting did.On another occasion he stared at the sun for as long as he could bear, to discover what effect this would have on his sight.Again he escaped suffering permanent damage, though he had to spend some days in a darkened room before his eyes recovered.
In the 1750s the Swedish chemist Karl Scheele was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus (磷). He in fact discovered eight more chemical elements including chlorine (氯), though he didn't get any praise for them.He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting a little of every substance he worked with. This risky practice finally caught up with him, and in 1786 he was found dead in his laboratory surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals, any of which might have been responsible for his death.
Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist.He spent a large part of his life studying craters on the moon, and how they were formed, and later did research into the comets of the planet Jupiter.In 1997 he and his wife were in the Australian desert where they went every year to search for places where comets might have hit the earth.While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot.Some of his ashes (骨灰) were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft and left there — he is the only person who has had this honor.
Questions：
1．What does the underlined word “permanent” in paragraph 2 mean？(　 )
A．Brief.　　　　　　　 B．Slight.
C．Lasting. D．Ordinary.
2．The text is mainly about three great scientists' ________.(　 )
A．special honors
B．great achievements
C．famous experiments
D．suffering in their research
3．What did Karl Scheele like doing when performing experiments
________________________________________________________________
4．What special honor was Shoemaker given after his death
________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅶ　单元回顾与盘点
核心语言点建构　
(一)1.①broad　②intend　③extract　④refer to　⑤experiment
⑥trial　⑦container　⑧postpone　⑨conduct　⑩charge
bang　 apply　 negate　 as to
2．①deadly　②survival　③limited　④household　⑤sufficient
⑥data　⑦speed up　⑧pay off　⑨error　⑩beneficial
illustrate　 penicillin　 mould　 bacteria　 surround　 indicate　 accident　 electricity　 theory　 ribbon
metal　atomic　bomb　evil　involve　scientific
credit　permit　declare　put forward　evolution
publish
3．①wisdom　②intelligent　③favour　④politician　⑤standout
⑥moral　⑦intellectual　⑧mystery　⑨let sb.down
⑩ignorance　 freedom　 take it for granted　 authority
responsibility　 nationality　 marriage
(二)1.it was hard to produce
2．with large amounts of qinghao extract produced
3．were likely to be postponed
4．even though the power may be negated by
5．is of very great importance　6.not to be feared but
主题思维与表达　
(一)1.The famous scientist and educator Huang Danian.
2．To pursue his value of life, Huang Danian gave up his well－paid job in Britain and returned to China when his country needed him.As a professor, he tried to analyse and meet his students' distinct needs.As a researcher, he committed himself to developing many devices needed for deep－earth exploration. No wonder people conclude that he is a scientist and educator who is worth our admiration.
(二)1.C　2.D　3.Tasting chemicals.
4．Some of his ashes were placed on the moon.
2 / 5(共195张PPT)
单元回顾与盘点
Section Ⅶ
课时检测
单元仿真验收性评价
Contents 目录
01
02
模块综合验收性评价
03
|核心语言点建构|
(一)词汇分类汇总
1．主题语境词汇之“科学研究”　
①_______ adj.　　　　 广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；
概括的；开阔的
②_______ vt.& vi. 想要，计划；意指
③_______ n. 提取物；选录
vt. 提取；选录；取出；设法得到
④_______ 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
broad
intend
extract
refer to
⑤_____________ n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践
vi. 做试验，进行实验；尝试
⑥_______ n. 试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验
vi.& vt. 测试，试验
⑦__________ n. 容器；集装箱，货柜
⑧__________ vt. 延迟，延期
⑨__________ vt.& vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
experiment
trial
container
postpone
conduct
⑩________ vt.& vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；
使……承担责任；使充满
n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
______ n. 突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击
vi.& vt. 砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞
_______ vt.& vi. 应用；申请；涂；有关
_________ vt. 取消，使无效；否认，否定
______ 关于，至于
charge
bang
apply
negate
as to
2．主题语境词汇之“研究发现”　
①_________ adj.　　　 致命的；十足的，彻底的
②_________ n. 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物
③_________ adj. 有限的
④_________ adj. 家庭的，家用的，家务的
n. 一家人，家庭
⑤_________ adj. 足够的，充足的
⑥______ n. 数据，资料，材料
⑦________ (使)加速
deadly
survival
limited
household
sufficient
data
speed up
⑧_________ 成功，奏效，达到目的
⑨_________ n. 错误，差错
⑩_________ adj. 有益的，有用的
_________ vt. 说明，解释；加插图于
_________ n. 青霉素，盘尼西林
_________ n. 霉菌；模具；类型
vt. 浇铸；塑造
_________ n. 细菌
pay off
error
beneficial
illustrate
penicillin
mould
bacteria
__________ vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；
与……紧密相关
__________ vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出
__________ n. 意外，偶然的事；
事故，意外遭遇
__________ n. 电，电能
__________ n. 学说，论；原理；看法，意见
__________ n. 带子，丝带；带状物
__________ n. 金属
surround
indicate
accident
electricity
theory
ribbon
metal
________adj. 原子能的；原子的
________ n. 炸弹；核武器
vt. 轰炸
________ n. 罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处
adj. 恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
________ vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加
________ adj. 科学的，关于科学的；
细致严谨的
atomic
bomb
evil
involve
scientific
__________ n. 赞扬，认可；信用
vt. 存入金额；把……归于
__________ vt.& vi. 允许，准许，许可；使有可能
n. 　　 许可证
__________ vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报
__________ 提出，提议，建议
__________ n. 进化；演变，发展
__________ vt. 出版，发行；发表；公布
permit
declare
put forward
evolution
publish
credit
3．表达出彩词汇之“人物描写”　
①__________ n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智
②__________ adj. 有才智的，聪明的；有智力的
③__________ vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于
n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
④__________ n. 政治家，从政者；投机钻营者
⑤__________ adj. 突出的
n. 突出的人(或物)
wisdom
intelligent
favour
politician
standout
⑥___________ adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的
n. 品行，道德；寓意
⑦___________ adj. 脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的
n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者
⑧___________ n. 神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；
悬疑作品
⑨___________ 使某人失望
⑩___________ n. 无知
___________ n. 自由
moral
intellectual
mystery
let sb.down
ignorance
freedom
________________ 想当然地认为，
认为……是理所当然
_____________ n. 权威，权力；官方
_____________ n. 责任，负责；职责，义务
_____________ n. 国籍；民族
_____________ n. 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态
take it for granted
authority
responsibility
nationality
marriage
(二)经典句式再现
1．It is＋adj.＋to do ...
However, _____________________ enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.
然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
it was hard to produce
2．with复合结构
Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced another problem.
然而，即使制造了大量的青蒿提取物，他们仍然面临着另外一个问题。
3．be likely to ...
The trials on patients _______________________ because they did not have sufficient safety data.
由于没有足够的安全数据，对患者的试验可能会推迟。
4．even though引导让步状语从句
Such power has obvious value — ________________________ ______________ what one does with it.
这样的力量其价值显而易见，尽管，这力量会被某人用它所做的事否定。
were likely to be postponed
even though the power may
be negated by
5．“be of＋抽象名词”结构
The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience ________________________.
科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。
6．not ...but ...“不是……而是……”
...to teach how doubt is ___________________ to be welcomed and discussed ...
……(我们有责任)教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨……
is of very great importance
not to be feared but
|主题思维与表达|
(一)联系图片内容，回答图后的问题。
1．Do you know who the man is in the above pictures
___________________________________________________
The famous scientist and educator Huang Danian.
2．What do you know about him
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To pursue his value of life, Huang Danian gave up his well－paid job in Britain and returned to China when his country needed him.As a professor, he tried to analyse and meet his students' distinct needs.As a researcher, he committed himself to developing many devices needed for deep－earth exploration. No wonder people conclude that he is a scientist and educator who is worth our admiration.
(二)阅读下面的短文，根据要求回答问题。
Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives in their search for the truth.
Sir Isaac Newton, the seventeenth century scientist, was very smart, but that didn't stop him from doing some pretty stupid things.In his laboratory in Cambridge he often did the strangest experiments.Once, while testing how light passes through lenses (晶状体), he put a long needle into his eye, pushed it to the back, and then moved it around just to see what would happen.Luckily, nothing long－lasting did.On another occasion he stared at the sun for as long as he
In the 1750s the Swedish chemist Karl Scheele was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus (磷). He in fact discovered eight more chemical elements including chlorine (氯), though he didn't get any praise for them.He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting a little of every substance he worked with. This risky practice finally caught up with him, and in 1786 he was found dead in his laboratory surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals, any of which might have been responsible for his death.
could bear, to discover what effect this would have on his sight.Again he escaped suffering permanent damage, though he had to spend some days in a darkened room before his eyes recovered.
Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist.He spent a large part of his life studying craters on the moon, and how they were formed, and later did research into the comets of the planet Jupiter.In 1997 he and his wife were in the Australian desert where they went every year to search for places where comets might have hit the earth.While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot.Some of his ashes (骨灰) were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft and left there — he is the only person who has had this honor.
Questions：
1．What does the underlined word “permanent” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Brief.　　　　　　　 B．Slight.
C．Lasting. D．Ordinary.
√
2．The text is mainly about three great scientists' _______.
A．special honors
B．great achievements
C．famous experiments
D．suffering in their research
√
3．What did Karl Scheele like doing when performing experiments
___________________________________________
4．What special honor was Shoemaker given after his death
___________________________________________
Tasting chemicals.
Some of his ashes were placed on the moon.
01
课时检测
单元语基回顾性盘查
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示写单词——单词拼写(6分)
(1)Knowledge is the candle to ________ (引导) you to the bright and true life.
(2)The farmer _____________ (围绕) his house and garden with a fence.
(3)As is __________ (表明) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel for relaxation.
conduct
surrounded
indicated
(4)Do me a _________ (帮助) and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone.
(5)The man wearing a blue hat was _______ (指控) with theft in the supermarket.
(6)In September 1939, Britain _________ (宣布) war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.
favour
charged
declared
Ⅱ.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式——词形转换(12分)
(7)All in all, the advantages of watching movies are not ______ (limit) in relaxing and entertaining, but also in other aspects.
(8)Put a small amount of the powder into a _________ (contain) and mix it with water.
(9)While traveling can ________ (broad) your mind, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
limited
container
broaden
(10)As we all know, exercising regularly is _________(benefit) to improving our health.
(11)The technology has a wide __________ (apply) in IT industry.
(12)It's well－known that cancer is a _______(dead) disease.
beneficial
application
deadly
Ⅲ.选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空——固定搭配(20分)
to one's credit, speed up, refer to, pay off, put forward, by accident, get involved in, for the benefit of, take the responsibility for, in charge of
(13)You had better work out regularly _________________ your health.
(14)To make the plan, they went to the library to ______ many books.
(15)Once these difficulties were got over, the work would _______.
(16)Believe me, all your efforts will _______ in time.
for the benefit of
refer to
speed up
pay off
(17)She arrived just as we were leaving, but I'm not sure whether this was __________ or by design.
(18)He will be ____________ the class when the teacher is away.
(19)You can make new friends if you ________________ group activities.
(20)We should motivate the students into ____________________ ______ their own behavior.
by accident
in charge of
get involved in
taking the responsibility
for
(21)A suggestion has been __________ that we should recycle the textbooks.
(22)It was greatly ____________ that the taxi driver returned the money he had found in his taxi.
put forward
to his credit
Ⅳ.将下列句子改写为简单句——语法专练(10分)
(23)Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem which is called caffeinism.
→_________________________________________________________________
(24)The girl, who was brought up by her uncle, has begun to work now.
→The girl, _________________________, has begun to work now.
brought up by her uncle
Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem called caffeinism.
(25)As the heroes' deeds moved them deeply, they decided to study even harder.
→_________________________________________________________________
(26)The professor came into the lab; a group of students followed him.
→______________________________________________________
Deeply moved by the heroes' deeds, they decided to study even harder.
The professor came into the lab, followed by a group of students.
(27)The boy went up to his teacher and said “sorry” because he was greatly touched by his words.
→__________________________________________________________________________
Greatly touched by his teacher's words, the boy went up to him and said “sorry”．
Ⅴ.根据汉语意思和括号内的提示完成句子——单句写作(10分)
(28)I ___________________________ with you but unfortunately I had a bad cold.(intend)
我本来打算和你一起去爬山的，但不幸的是，我得了重感冒。
(29)The lecture is about ____________ the problems between family members.(疑问词＋to do)
这个讲座是关于如何解决家庭成员之间的问题的。
had intended to go climbing
how to resolve
(30)________________, I will accompany my parents to call on you this weekend.(permit)
时间允许的话，这个周末我会陪父母去拜访你。
(31)_______________________________, I think the driver of the lorry should be to blame.(as for/to)
至于这起交通事故的原因，我认为卡车司机应该负责任。
(32)_________________________________ everyone should help you. (take it for granted that ...)
你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。
Time permitting
As for/to the cause of the accident
You shouldn't take it for granted that
02
单元仿真验收性评价
(时间：100分钟　满分：120分)
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Mad Scientist
Dive into science during this fun, colorful, and exciting class! All students become mad scientists as they explore different scientific topics, including chemistry, physics, biology, and geology.
Each week, students conduct exciting hands－on science, technology, engineering, and maths experiments and challenges using the scientific method.A combination of demonstrations, take－home projects, independent exploration, and unique experiments exposes them to a variety of basic scientific concepts.This class may get messy as they have fun with science and explore California's coastline through scientific thinking.
Discovery Leaders: Chantae Reid and Sandra Traverso
Mondays: 9：00 a．m.to 12：00 p．m.
Grade Guidelines: K to 3rd
Cost: $210 for four weeks
Spring Sessions: They're now offered as four－week sessions.
※Spring Session One: January 25th－February 15th
※Spring Session Two: February 22nd－March 15th
※Spring Session Three: March 22nd－April 19th (No class in the third week)
※Spring Session Four: April 26th－May 17th
What to Bring/Wear: layered clothing, shoes that cover the toes, and an individual snack
Enrollment (注册): minimum of 4 students per class/maximum of 6 students
Note: If you will be using a school voucher (代金券) for class payment, you can still register your child using our system.
Bathroom Policy: All students must be able to go to the bathroom by themselves.
Class Location: Waterfront Education Learning Hub－1021 N．Harbor Drive, Redondo Beach CA 90277
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个科学课程的时间、收费、报名须知、上课地点等信息。
1．What is the main focus of the class
A．Learning about science in a fun way.
B．Interesting facts about mad scientists.
C．Practical ways to do scientific research.
D．Exploring California's coast scientifically.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句及第二段中的“as they have fun with science”可知，这个课程旨在通过有趣的方式激发孩子们对科学的兴趣，引导他们了解科学知识。
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2．What is the requirement for the class
A．School vouchers cannot be used.
B．Kids should be aged 3 and above.
C．Individual snacks are unacceptable.
D．Kids should wear closed－toe shoes.
解析：细节理解题。根据What to Bring/Wear部分可知，参加该课程的学生应该穿不露脚趾的鞋。
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3．What type of writing is this text
A．A program review.
B．A scientific report.
C．An exhibition guide.
D．A course advertisement.
解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了以“Mad Scientist”为主题的科学课程的相关信息，如时间、地点、费用、注意事项等，故本文是一则课程广告。
√
B
British chemist David Evans has become an overnight celebrity on Chinese social media.His chemistry experiments have attracted over 2 million followers in just a few months.Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology.The 60－year－old always wears a white lab coat, a pair of safety goggles (护目镜), and smiles often.Some web users say he looks just like the “grandpa of KFC”．
Evans has posted videos of various experiments.His most popular experiments have attracted millions of hits on video－sharing apps.Excited children's cheers and shouts can be heard in his videos.“I hope my experiments can arouse people's interest in science，” he says.
Evans has been interested in China since childhood.In the early 1970s, before the reform and opening－up，he viewed it as a “country full of mysteries”．He first visited China in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.He quit his job in the United Kingdom and moved to Beijing in 1996.Many of his friends thought he was crazy.But Evans says they just saw China's challenges but not its potential.
Since 2011, Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science.He learned short－video apps are also popular in small cities and rural areas.And he realized this enables him to reach more students, who lack opportunities to perform fun experiments.But even a one－minute video requires a considerable amount of work.Still, he thinks it's worth it to fulfill his responsibility to popularize science.
His experiments always fill schools' lecture halls with laughter.Some viewers call him “a Harry Potter－like magician”， but he disagrees.“A magician never tells the secrets behind his tricks, but a scientist always gives an explanation.” He sees himself as a teacher.He performs experiments to spread knowledge, inspire thinking, remove misunderstandings and show that science can create changes.Evans says he looks forward to more “chemical reactions” with China.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位移居中国，并且在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学家普及科学的事迹。
4．Who is David Evans according to the passage
A．A film celebrity.
B．A chemistry teacher.
C．A manager of KFC.
D．A British magician.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology.”可知，David Evans是一位化学老师。
5．Why did Evans begin to post videos of experiments on the Internet
A．To popularize science.
B．To rise to fame.
C．To apply short－video apps.
D．To make a fortune.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Since 2011, Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science.”可知，他开始在互联网上发布实验视频，目的是普及科学。
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6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to paragraph 3
A．Evans considered the UK to be a country full of mysteries.
B．Evans first visited China in his childhood.
C．Evans went to China for a chemistry meeting in 1987.
D．Evans moved to Beijing with the support of his friends.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He first visited China in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.”可知，1987年，Evans去中国参加了一个化学会议。
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7．What can we infer from the passage
A．Evans knows exactly how a magic works.
B．Evans was a serious scientist and barely smiled.
C．Evans will continue to post videos of experiments in China.
D．Evans' students like to interrupt his experiments with laughter.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的前两句和最后一段中的最后一句可推知，他将继续发布更多的实验视频。
√
C
Andrew Grey doesn't fit most people's idea of an astronomer.He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASA's Kepler space telescope.
Mr Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding.For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science.
“This is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in，” says Chris Lintott, an Oxford University astrophysicist (天体物理学家) and co－founder of Zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects.Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics.
“As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project，” Lintott says.“Anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial.Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition.But humans, particularly amateur scientists, don't stay focused on what they're supposed to.And that's good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.”
“And citizen science doesn't have to be directed by a scientist，” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University.“Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed them can also be citizen scientists，” she says.That's what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.
Citizen－powered research is as old as scientific inquiry.For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them.Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people.
As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that we're intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。数个世纪以来，只有少数普通人为科学做出了贡献，但科技的进步已经为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，科学是任何人都能参与的，每个人都有可能成为科学家。
8．What made citizen scientists appear
A．The high level of science projects.
B．The development of technology.
C．The support of the government.
D．The foundation of Zooniverse.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization to science”可知，科技的进步为科学带来了更高水平的民主化，从而使更多的普通人也能参与科学研究，促成了平民科学家的出现。
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9．What is an advantage of humans in pattern recognition compared with machines
A．Humans can identify patterns more swiftly.
B．Humans focus their attention on data.
C．Humans can observe uncommon things.
D．Humans have stronger emotions.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尤其是最后一句可知，在模式识别方面，人类与机器相比，人类的优势在于能够注意到一些不寻常的东西。
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10．What is Lintott's attitude towards citizen science
A．Favorable.　　　　　　 B．Cautious.
C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中Lintott表述的科学人人都能参与，第四段中他表述的平民科学家有自身的优势和尾段中他说的话可推知，Lintott支持平民科学。
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11．What would be the best title of the text
A．Citizen scientists can be intelligent
B．Science is important to everyone
C．Anyone can be a scientist
D．Science is everywhere
√
解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段以澳大利亚汽车修理工Andrew Grey成为平民科学家来引入话题，接着又讲到天体物理学家Chris Lintott和Sheila Jasanoff对于平民科学的看法，并结合倒数第二段中的“scientists still welcome help from everyday people”可知，本文主要肯定了平民科学家，表达了任何人都可能成为科学家的观点，故C项最适合作文章标题。
D
We live in an age when all scientific knowledge — from the safety of vaccines (疫苗) to the reality of climate change — faces organized and often angry opposition.Doubters have declared war on the consensus (共识) of experts.It seems that people have turned argumentative overnight.
In a sense, all this is not surprising.Our lives are affected by science and technology as never before.The world seems full of real and imaginary dangers.Though scientists agree that the Ebola virus is spread only by direct contact with blood or body fluids (液体), if you type “airborne Ebola” into an Internet search engine, you'll find that some people believe that this virus has almost supernatural power.
In this often confusing world, we need to rely on science to decide whether what we choose to believe has a basis in the laws of nature or not.But science doesn't come naturally to most of us.Science has often led us to truths that are really mind－blowing.For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept.
Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics.When they hear a number of cancer cases in a town with a dangerous waste dump (垃圾场), they believe pollution caused the cancers.Yet two things happening together doesn't mean one caused the other.Even when they turn to the Internet, they let in only the information they agree with to strengthen their belief that has already been shaped by their worldview.
How can scientists convince doubters Throwing more facts to people may not be enough.More efforts are supposed to be made.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。现在，我们的生活前所未有地受到科学和技术的影响，但是即便已经有科学证实的事实，有些人还是会依赖个人经验。科学家该如何说服怀疑者？摆出更多的事实恐怕还不够。
12．What's the text mainly about
A．How people view the world.
B．What challenges science faces.
C．Whether science is worth respect.
D．Why people show disbelief in science.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了有些人不相信科学的原因：虽然我们的生活前所未有地受到科学和技术的影响，但某些人还会依赖个人经验等。
√
13．What does the underlined word “mind－blowing” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Unbelievable. B．Desirable.
C．Dangerous. D．Obvious.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的尾句“For example, although ...it hard to accept.”可知，几千年来，尽管地球是圆的这一说法已经众所周知，但仍有人觉得难以接受。由此可知，科学发现的真理往往是让人难以置信的，故画线词的意思与A项最为接近。
√
14．How do “people” in paragraph 4 understand the world
A．They apply logical thinking.
B．They stick to their own belief.
C．They form the views on assumptions.
D．They rely on the information on the Internet.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句的内容可知，即使人们接受了科学教育，他们中的大多数人仍然试图依靠个人经验、故事或情感来理解世界，而不是统计数据。由此可以推知，他们坚持自己的看法。
√
15．How does the author prove his opinions
A．Through comparison.
B．Through quotation.
C．By giving examples.
D．By making definitions.
√
解析：写作手法题。通读第二段可知，该段通过举例说明埃博拉病毒的传播途径受到人们质疑，说明事实受到质疑；通读第四段可知，该段通过举例介绍小镇上有一些癌症病例时，人们会认为是垃圾场的污染导致了癌症，说明人们往往依赖个人经验或个人情感理解世界，而不是统计数据。由此可知，作者通过举例论证其观点。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Around 200 years ago, a well－known English poet called John Keats attacked science.He said that British scientist Isaac Newton had “unweaved (拆解) the rainbow”．Newton explained how light forms a rainbow.For Keats, this explanation meant rainbows could no longer be beautiful.
__16__ We often hear people talk of problems with science, or say that it is boring.Some people, like Keats, also say that science takes away the beauty of the world.But is this fair
First of all, science helps us get things done. __17__ When you are studying science in school, remember that one day you might be using that knowledge to build a bridge, or save a life.Next time you use your phone to send a message, remember that this is possible thanks to science.When Keats criticized Newton, the very paper he wrote on was created through science.Beyond helping society and getting things done, science also makes us think in a certain way. __18__ It teaches us never to trust our assumptions.It teaches us that sometimes, the truth is stranger than fiction.
When you study science, remember what it means. __19__ Humans once looked up at rainbows, and said that they were beautiful.Science explained them, and they were no longer mysterious to us. __20__ Through science, we can find new rainbows: mysteries that lie beyond the stars themselves.
A．But discovery never stops.
B．This is just one example of many.
C．It is a constant search for truth and knowledge.
D．Science is not so closely associated with our lives.
E．It asks us to believe things only through evidence.
F．It helps us understand the world in which we live and how it works.
G．See science as a tool to discover how living things interact and evolve on Earth.
16．选B　上一段落列举出了诗人攻击科学的例子。根据空后一句可知，人们觉得用科学解释美丽的事物很无聊。该空承上启下，故B项“这只是众多例子中的一个”符合语境，选项中“This”指代上文中英国著名诗人John Keats攻击科学的例子。
17．选F　根据上文“First of all, science helps us get things done.”可知，该空承接上文，具体说明科学如何帮助我们做事。故F项“它帮助我们理解我们生活的世界和它是如何运作的”符合语境，且与空后一句话题一致，都是在说明科学在生活中的实际应用。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学的重要性、必要性以及科学发现无止境。
18．选E　根据空前一句可知，这里指出了科学让我们思考。根据空后一句可知，这里具体说明科学如何让我们思考。故E项“它要求我们只能通过证据来相信事情”符合语境，也是在具体说明科学如何让我们思考，且与下文句式相同。
19．选C　根据上文“When you study science, remember what it means.”和下文“Humans once looked up at rainbows, and said that they were beautiful.Science explained them, and they were no longer mysterious to us.”可知，该空承上启下，解释科学的真谛。故C项“它是对真理和知识的不断追求”符合语境。
20．选A　根据空后一句可知，通过不断地探索，会有更多新的科学发现，即发现无止境。故A项“但是发现从未停止”符合语境。
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist who has made several very important medical __21__.When asked why he was able to be so much more __22__ than the average person, he responded that it all came from a(n) __23__ with his mother that occurred when he was a child.
Stephen tried to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator but spilled (泼出) it all over the kitchen floor.Instead of __24__ at him, giving him a lecture or chastising (指责) him, his mother said, “What a great and wonderful __25__ you've made! Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes __26__ we clean it up？”
Indeed, he did.Then, his mother said, “Stephen, whenever you make a mess like this, __27__ you have to clean it up.” And together they cleaned up the spilled milk.His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a __28__ experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands.Let's see if you can discover a way to carry it without __29__ it.”The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could __30__ without dropping it.What a good __31__ to him!
This famous scientist said it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make __32__.Instead, he learned that mistakes were just __33__ for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific __34__ are all about.Even if the experiment doesn't work, we usually learn something __35__ from it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位著名的科学家小时候的一次经历，正是妈妈的鼓励和引导，他才懂得了人生应该从错误中学习，不要害怕犯错误。
21．A.impressions　　　　　　 B．breakthroughs
C．promises D．intentions
解析：根据上文“Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist”可知，Stephen Glenn做出了几个非常重要的医学突破(breakthroughs)。
√
22．A.outgoing B．responsible
C．warm－hearted D．creative
解析：根据上文“who has made several very important medical __________”可知，当被问到他为什么他能比一般人更有创造力(creative)。
√
23．A.experience B．word
C．argument D．adventure
解析：根据下文“that occurred when he was a child”可知，Stephen Glenn回应道他的创造力来自他小时候和母亲的一次经历(experience)。
√
24．A.looking B．yelling
C．smiling D．glancing
解析：根据下文“giving him a lecture or chastising him”可知，Stephen Glenn的妈妈并没有对他大声吼叫(yelling)或指责他。
√
25．A.discovery B．mess
C．change D．joke
解析：根据下文“whenever you make a mess like this”可知，妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn他制造了一个伟大而美妙的混乱(mess)。
√
26．A.when B．as
C．after D．before
解析：妈妈问在把牛奶清理干净之前(before)，Stephen Glenn是否愿意在牛奶里玩几分钟。
√
27．A.gradually B．initially
C．eventually D．constantly
解析：妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn无论什么时候搞得像这样一团糟，最终(eventually)都必须清理干净。
√
28．A.successful B．failed
C．completed D．useless
解析：他们做了一次关于如何有效地用两只小手拿着一个大奶瓶的失败的(failed)实验。
√
29．A.shaking B．dropping
C．lifting D．touching
解析：根据下文“he could _________ without dropping it”可知，他们在尝试找到一种能拿瓶子又不掉(dropping)的方法。
√
30．A.make up B．make off
C．make it D．make sense
解析：根据上文“The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands”可知，Stephen Glenn发现了成功做到(make it)的方法。
√
31．A.attitude B．apology
C．project D．lesson
解析：这对他是多么好的一课(lesson)啊！
√
32．A.efforts B．plans
C．mistakes D．decisions
解析：根据下文“Instead, he learned that mistakes ...”可知，他不必害怕犯错(mistakes)。
√
33．A.requirements B．routines
C．chances D．goals
解析：相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会(chances)。
√
34．A.achievements B．approaches
C．seminars D．experiments
解析：根据下文“Even if the experiment doesn't work”可知，此处指科学实验(experiments)。
√
35．A.valuable B．ambiguous
C．familiar D．abstract
解析：根据上文“he learned that mistakes were just _________ for learning something new”可知，即使实验不成功，我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的(valuable)东西。
√
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first.Thomas Edison, __36__ invented the light bulb, always believed __37__ (fail) and false starts were the condition of success.In fact, __38__ surprising number of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake or a misunderstanding.Post－it notes, packets of crisps and even bread are all unexpected inventions.In 2600 BCE, a tired Egyptian slave invented __39__ is now called bread when the dough (面团) rose during his sleep.And crisps were first cooked by a cook in the US when a customer suggested his fried potatoes be __40__ (thin) than they were.
In 1968 Spencer Silver was trying to develop a strong glue when he accidentally invented a very weak glue instead.His colleague, Art Fry decided to use it six years later, in 1974, to have his bookmarks __41__ (hold) in his books and the post－it note was invented.
Successful business people have often made big, expensive mistakes in their past.When an employee of IBM made a mistake that cost the company $600,000, Thomas Watson, the chairman, __42__ (ask) if he would fire the man.“No，” he replied.“I have just spent $600,000 __43__ (train) him.I won't let another company __44__ (benefit) from the experience.”
The important thing to remember is that you need to learn from your mistakes. __45__ you don't, then there is no point making them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过一系列案例告诉我们：许多成功的事情都是在失败中孕育出来的。不要害怕失败，要从失败中学习。
36．who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Thomas Edison，且在从句中作主语，故填who。
37．failures　考查名词及其复数。空处与“false starts”并列作主语，应用名词的复数形式，故填failures。
38．a　考查冠词。句意：事实上，相当多的日常事务都是从错误及误解中孕育出来的。固定搭配a number of意为“很多”，且surprising以辅音音素开头，故填a。
39．what　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”，故填what。
40．thinner　考查形容词比较级。than为表示比较含义的连词，应连接形容词的比较级，故填thinner。
41．held　考查非谓语动词。此处为固定结构have sth.done，故填held。
42．was asked　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，Thomas Watson与ask之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；又因为事情发生在过去，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was asked。
43．training　考查非谓语动词。spend time/money doing sth.意为“花费时间/金钱做某事”，故填training。
44．benefit　考查非谓语动词。let后接动词时应用动词原形，故填benefit。
45．If　考查连词。上文提到“重要的是，你要从错误中学习”，而下文则提到“没有从错误中学到东西，犯错就没有意义”，由此判断这是一个条件状语从句，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填If。
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom得知你校上月举办了首届校园科技节活动，发邮件向你询问相关情况，请你回复邮件。内容包括：
1．活动的目的；
2．活动的形式：如校园创客(maker)大赛、科创成果展等；
3．你的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Tom，
I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Tom，
I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month.It aimed at enriching us students' school life and promoting the students' awareness of innovation.
There were a variety of activities in the festival, which included Makers on Campus, where participants could show their designs and products, and an exhibition of the students' original inventions, designs and literary works. With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students, the activity turned out a great success. I was astonished at the schoolmates' creativity and teamwork spirits.
I do hope more activities will be held in my school to provide us with chances to practice our critical thinking and problem－solving abilities.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One time，the teachers at a school wanted to teach the students about airplanes.While all airplanes can fly, some are able to fly farther than others.This is because not all airplanes are built the same.For example, a fighter plane looks very different from a plane that people fly in when they want to go on a holiday.The teachers wondered how they could make students understand this.
Then, the science teacher, Mr Moose, decided that the school should have a paper airplane contest.Every student would design a paper airplane.They would stand in a line in the playground behind the school.The students would take turns throwing their airplanes.The student whose airplane went the farthest would win.
When Mr Moose announced the paper airplane contest to the students, they were very excited.A student named Paul, who was on the school sports team, said to everyone else that his airplane would win.“I am the strongest，” Paul said.“So I will be able to throw my airplane the farthest.”
However, while Paul was saying this, another student, Brian, was thinking how he could win.Brian did not play any sports and was not very strong.But he loved airplanes and really wanted to win the contest.
Brian realized what he had to do.He went to the store and bought a big stack (叠) of paper.When he got home, he took the paper into his backyard.He took a piece of paper and folded an airplane.It didn't go very far, so Brian took another piece and folded another airplane and threw it.This airplane went a little farther.Brian kept folding different kinds of airplanes and throwing them.Some went very far and some did not.Finally, when Brian had used all the paper, he walked up to the airplane that had flown the farthest and picked it up.
The next day was the contest.All the students lined up.Everyone took turns.After a while, everyone had thrown except Paul and Brian.Paul went first.With a loud yell, he threw the airplane into the sky.It went farther than every other airplane.Everyone cheered.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Finally, it was Brian's turn. ________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far. _____________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Finally, it was Brian's turn.Brian took the airplane that he had picked up the day before.He walked up to the line and, with all his strength, he threw the plane.It went flying, farther and farther, until finally it landed — 10 feet past Paul's plane! The whole school cheered.Brian won the contest.Mr Moose gave him a prize: a toy airplane.
Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far.He did this by testing out many different designs and comparing the results.When he found the design that worked best — the paper airplane that flew the farthest — he used it.Because Brian tried a lot of designs, he was able to make up for his lack of strength and beat Paul.
03
模块综合验收性评价
(时间：100分钟　满分：120分)
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Growing Green Thumbs
Children's Community Garden
2200 Bowling Green Ave, 940/349－2883
LEARN: Join the weekend work at the community garden, where caregivers and master gardeners help kids aged 5 or older plant and water new vegetables, and harvest from the gardens.All harvested foods are either sold at the community's farmers' market or donated to the area food bank.The instructors also lead games about nutrition, beetles and butterflies and more.Work begins in May, 10：00 a．m. － 5：00 p．m. on Saturdays.
COST: Free
Coppell Community Garden
255 Parkway Blvd, Coppell
LEARN: Kids aged 6 but not turning 12 before Dec.31 this year with a parent can volunteer at either the Helping Hands Garden, 25 Parkway Blvd or Ground Delivery Garden, 45S.Denton Tap Road.Children will have the opportunity to till (耕) the ground, plant vegetables, harvest from the garden and more.Work begins every Saturday at about 9：00 a．m.
COST: Free
Callie's Kids by Calloway Nursery
Denton, 940/591－8865; Flower Mound, 972/691－2650
LEARN: Kids aged 5 to 10 years old can explore and plant in the Calloway gardens with a caregiver's supervision at 9：30 a．m. on the first or third Wednesdays from June to August.A garden expert will share tips and advice for the best gardening practices during the 45－minute session beginning on June 2.Preregistration online is required.
COST: Free
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个适合孩子们的园艺课程。
1．How is Children's Community Garden different from others
A．It is based in Denton.
B．Kids may take harvests home.
C．It is under supervision throughout the year.
D．It will cater to those who are fond of insects.
解析：细节理解题。根据Children's Community Garden部分中的“The instructors also lead games about nutrition, beetles and butterflies and more.”可知，教师还组织有关营养、甲虫和蝴蝶等的游戏。因此这个活动适合喜欢昆虫的孩子，不同于其他课程。
√
2．What is the age range required by Coppell Community Garden
A．5－8.　　　　　　 B．5－10.
C．6－11. D．6－12.
解析：细节理解题。根据Coppell Community Garden部分中的“Kids aged 6 but not turning 12 before Dec.31 this year with a parent can volunteer”可知，6岁但在今年12月31日前不满12岁的孩子可以由父母陪同来做志愿者。因此这门课程要求孩子的年龄是六到十一岁。
√
3．Where is this text most likely from
A．A food industry committed to charity.
B．An institution offering learning programs.
C．A supermarket offering voluntary programs.
D．A website promoting kids' gardening facilities.
解析：文章出处题。本文介绍了给不同年龄层次的孩子提供的园艺课程，因此推断文章来自提供学习计划的机构。
√
B
A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon (三项全能运动) which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days.Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning.
The race was set in the French Alps.Setting off at 6：15 a．m.on Friday, 39－year－old Mason battled through severe pain, and hallucinations (幻觉), but she pushed on — managing to complete the race in an impressive four days, 23 hours, and 41 minutes.Andrea had been diagnosed with cancer and needed life－saving surgery.Following a successful operation, she is now hoping to raise awareness of women's health.In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to improve surrounding female's health.
Andrea, from Blackpool in Lancashire, England, said, “I am so happy all went according to plan as there were so many things that could have gone wrong.I wanted to do it in five days, and I did, but it was very tough.I had some low moments, particularly when I couldn't sleep in my limited rest periods, and when I couldn't keep any food down as I was running.For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark.It was bigger than I imagined; the impact on my body was huge.But every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn't been diagnosed.That is why I put myself through this.”
Andrea had to swim 23 miles around Lake Annecy, cycle 205 miles with 30,000 feet of vertical climbing around Mont Blanc, and run 105 miles with 4,000 feet of vertical climbing around The Ultra－Trail du Mont Blanc.You could say Andrea's actually spent a lifetime training for an event like this.She completed her first three－mile race “powered by chocolate bars” when she was just four.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身患癌症的Andrea Mason女士成功完成三项全能运动的故事。
4．What brought Andrea Mason so much joy
A．She joined a race.
B．She defeated cancer.
C．She finished a marathon in five days.
D．She finished a triathlon lately.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，是最近完成了三项全能运动给Andrea Mason带来了快乐。
√
5．What is the purpose of Andrea's creating her own charity
A．To help the poor women.
B．To promote women's health.
C．To focus on women's life.
D．To raise the status of women.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to improve surrounding female's health.”可知，Andrea成立自己的慈善组织是为了促进妇女健康。
√
6．When did Andrea become doubtful during the running
A．When she couldn't eat.
B．When she couldn't sleep.
C．When she ran at night.
D．When she couldn't give up.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark.”可知，当Andrea在晚上跑步时，她变得有些迟疑。
√
7．What made Andrea finish the race successfully
A．Her strong willpower.
B．Her family's support.
C．Thinking of other women who might be in pain or have cancer.
D．Thinking of other women who had more pain.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn't been diagnosed.That is why I put myself through this.”可知，最终使Andrea成功完成比赛的是想到其他可能正在承受痛苦或患有癌症的女性。
√
C
Chinese pangolins (穿山甲) live in the south of the country's Yangtze River.The long－tailed animals spend most of the daytime sleeping, curling up into a ball.They have poor eyesight so they use their well－developed sense of smell to find their diet of insects at night.Their physical appearance is marked by large, hardened, plate－like scales.The scales are soft on newborn pangolins but harden as they grow up.Pangolins are also known as scaly anteaters (食蚁兽) and they help protect trees in the forests.
But now they are in danger.Experts say that Chinese pangolins are functionally extinct, Beijing News reported.This suggests that there won't be more baby pangolins in the wild.The population of pangolins will be smaller and smaller.They can no longer play an important role in the wild.
According to a national wildlife survey, there were about 60,000 Chinese pangolins in different places, including Yunnan and Zhejiang, in the 1990s.Since then, this number has fallen by 90 percent because of hunters who kill them for their scales and meat.People use their scales in traditional Chinese medicine and it's believed by some that their meat is high in nutritional value.In addition, Chinese pangolins are facing a loss of their homes because of pollution and a reduction in the forest area.
The environment has changed a lot due to human activity which is mainly focused on the development of economy.What is worse, many animals like pangolins have to live in a much－polluted homeland.Their population has become smaller and smaller.It is time for us to take measures to show care to our friends, the animals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中华穿山甲现在正处于濒危状态，文章号召人们保护这一濒危物种。
8．What can we learn about Chinese pangolins from the first paragraph
A．They live in a much－polluted homeland.
B．They are born with hard scales.
C．They are good for trees.
D．They use their eyes to find food.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“they help protect trees in the forests”可知，中华穿山甲对树木有好处。
√
9．What do the underlined words“functionally extinct” in paragraph 2 probably refer to
A．Pangolins lose their sense of smell.
B．Pangolins cannot give birth to new babies.
C．Pangolins cannot adapt to the nature.
D．Pangolins become less and less.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“This suggests that there won't be more baby pangolins in the wild.”可知，functionally extinct是指穿山甲不能生育新的幼崽。
√
10．What is the main reason for fewer Chinese pangolins
A．Air pollution is very serious.
B．The policy for protecting them is not strict.
C．The forest area is becoming smaller.
D．There are many hunters killing them.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Since then, this number has fallen by 90 percent because of hunters who kill them for their scales and meat.”可知，中华穿山甲数量减少的主要原因是有许多猎人在猎杀它们。
√
11．What is the purpose of the text
A．To raise people's awareness of protecting pangolins.
B．To present the way of protecting animals.
C．To prove the importance of Chinese pangolins.
D．To introduce us the Chinese pangolins.
解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句“It is time for us to take measures to show care to our friends, the animals.”可知，文章的写作目的是提高人们保护穿山甲的意识。
√
D
Today's grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media, but the different generations' online habits couldn't be more different.In the UK the over－55s are joining a social networking site in increasing numbers, meaning that they will soon be the site's second biggest user group, with 3.5 million users aged 55－64 and 2.9 million over－65s.
Sheila, aged 59, says，“I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them.It's a much better way to see what they're doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post.That's how we did it when I was a child, but I think I'm lucky that I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did.”
Interestingly, Sheila's grandchildren are less likely to use the site themselves.Children under 17 in the UK are leaving the site — only 2.2 million users are under 17 — but they're not going far from their smartphones.Chloe, aged 15, even sleeps with her phone.“It's my alarm clock so I have to，” she says.“I look at it before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up.”
Unlike her grandmother's generation, Chloe's age group is spending so much time on their phones at home that they are missing out on spending time with their friends in real life.Sheila, on the other hand, has made contact with old friends from school she hasn't heard from in forty years.“We use the site to arrange to meet all over the country，” she says.“It's changed my social life completely.”
Parents have an important role to play if they want their kids to spend more time in real life.Peter, 38, who spends most of his time in front of a screen, is recently determined to set a better example to his kids.In the evening or at weekends, he would leave his smartphone home and take his kids out to nature.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如今，祖父母和孙辈都在使用社交媒体，但不同年代人的上网习惯却截然不同。文章通过举例说明了老年人和他们的孙辈使用社交媒体的不同习惯，以及对社交媒体的看法。
12．What can we learn from paragraph 1
A．Older people have difficulty using social media.
B．Children spend more time with their grandparents.
C．More and more elderlies begin to use social media.
D．Social media have become more friendly to the elderly.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Today's grandparents are joining ...aged 55－64 and 2.9 million over－65s.”可知，越来越多的老年人开始使用社交媒体。
√
13．How does Sheila feel about social media
A．Worried. B．Satisfied.
C．Excited. D．Disappointed.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Sheila, aged 59, says, ‘I joined to see ...more of their lives than my grandparents did.’”可推知，希拉对社交媒体感到满意。
√
14．What can be concluded from the passage
A．People tend to have less social life as they get older.
B．Young people are getting away from their smartphone.
C．More young people choose to meet their friends in person.
D．Social media actually help old people to meet their old friends.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sheila, on the other hand ...It's changed my social life completely.”可推知，社交媒体实际上可以帮助老年人见到他们的老朋友。
√
15．What's the best title for this passage
A．Different Online Habits Across Generations
B．The Good Old Days Without Smartphones
C．The Next Generation of Social Media
D．The Use of Smartphones at School
√
解析：标题归纳题。第一段中提及“Today's grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media, but the different generations' online habits couldn't be more different.”，且文章通过举例说明了老年人和他们的孙辈使用社交媒体的不同习惯，以及对社交媒体的看法。由此可知，A项“跨代人的上网习惯不同”适合作文章标题。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Trees around us are extremely important and have always been necessary for improving the human conditions.Our existing forests and trees we plant work to make a better world. __16 __.Here is a short list of main reasons why trees are necessary for improving our living conditions.
·Trees produce oxygen
__17__.A leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale (吸入) in a year.What many people don't realize is that the forest also acts as a giant filter (过滤) that cleans the air we breathe.Trees help clean the air by preventing airborne particles, reducing heat, and absorbing such pollutants.
·Trees clean the soil
The term phytoremediation (植物修复) is a fancy word for the absorption of dangerous chemicals and other pollutants that have entered the soil. __18__.Trees filter sewage and farm chemicals, reduce the effects of animal wastes, clean roadside spills and so on.
·Trees are carbon sinks
To produce its food, a tree absorbs and locks away carbon dioxide in the wood, roots and leaves.Carbon dioxide is a global warming suspect. __19__.This locking－up process “stores” carbon as wood and not as a “greenhouse” gas.
·__20__
Trees block urban noise almost as effectively as stone walls.Trees, planted at strategic points in a neighborhood or around your house, can reduce major noises from freeways and airports.
A．Trees help clean the sky
B．Trees control noise pollution
C．We could not exist as we do if there were no trees
D．Man has been planting trees to make the planet a more beautiful world
E．A forest is a carbon storage area that can lock up as much carbon as it produces
F．The modern human community has other more practical reasons to admire and honor trees
G．Trees can either store harmful pollutants or change the pollutants into less harmful forms
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了树木对人类的生存环境所起的重要作用。
16．选F　空前提到，地球上的自然林和我们种植的树木一起创造更好的世界；空后提到，这里有一份简短清单，列出了为什么树木对改善我们的生存环境非常必要的主要原因。故F项“当今的人类社区还有其他更现实的理由敬佩、珍视树木”承上启下，符合语境。
17．选C　根据下文可知，此处是说树木所产生的氧气帮助我们存活，故C项“如果没有树木，我们就不能存活”符合语境。
18．选G　根据空后的内容可知，树木会过滤污水和农业用药，减少动物粪便的影响及清理路边的污物等，故G项“树木要么储存有害的污染物，要么将污染物转化为危害较小的形式”承上启下，符合语境。
19．选E　根据空前的“locks away carbon dioxide”和空后的“This locking－up process ‘stores’ carbon”可知，E项承上启下，符合语境。
20．选B　结合本段内容可知，此处讲的是树木可以减少噪声污染，故B项符合语境。
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One cold afternoon, Tina saw a newborn bird in her garden.Knowing it wouldn't make it if left __21__， she brought it inside.Little did she know of the __22__ the bird would make on her.
The family named the little bird “Gracie”．As Gracie grew bigger and stronger under the family's loving care, an unbreakable __23__ developed between them.But the family knew Gracie should __24__ to the wild one day.One year later, they __25__ the bird with tearful eyes fly off to explore its own world, not knowing it wouldn't __26__ the family.
Years after that, Tina was diagnosed with cancer.Feeling sad and hopeless, she __27__ every day.
But much to her surprise and joy, Gracie __28__ the day Tina came home from her operation.Though Tina had lost all her hair, Gracie __29__ her and landed on her shoulder chattering (唧唧叫) to her.Tina was so excited that she kissed the bird __30__.The house was __31__ again.Tina began to __32__ dramatically.She cried less and laughed more.Two years later, all her tests were __33__！ The doctors considered it a miracle (奇迹), but Tina knew it was not.“It is Gracie that gave me hope and strength.Without Gracie's __34__ during the hard time, things would have been different.We ever saved its life, and it was repaying the __35__.”Tina said gratefully.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了蒂娜救助了一只小鸟，而多年后小鸟又陪伴蒂娜使其在手术后慢慢康复的故事。
21．A.absent　　　　　　 B．alone
C．apart D．around
解析：根据上文“a newborn bird”可知，刚出生的小鸟在花园里，要是被独自留下的话会活不成。
√
22．A.impression B．mess
C．impact D．comment
解析：结合下文“It is Gracie that ...been different.”可知，格雷西对蒂娜的陪伴帮助了蒂娜。所以此处指格雷西对蒂娜的康复有影响。
√
23．A.bond B．action
C．balance D．promise
解析：根据下文“developed between them”及“But much to her surprise and joy, Gracie ________ the day Tina came home from her operation.”可知，格雷西和蒂娜一家人之间形成了牢固的关系。
√
24．A.adapt B．travel
C．relate D．return
解析：根据上文“a newborn bird in her garden”及下文“to the wild one day”可知，格雷西会返回到野外的环境中去。
√
25．A.watched B．admired
C．released D．followed
解析：根据下文“with tearful eyes”可知，此处指一家人眼含泪水看着这只鸟飞走。
√
26．A.join B．approach
C．contact D．forget
解析：根据下文“Gracie _________ her and landed on her shoulder chattering to her”可知，格雷西认出了蒂娜，可推知此处指格雷西不会忘记蒂娜一家人对它的细心照顾。
√
27．A.prayed B．cried
C．doubted D．complained
解析：结合上文“Tina was diagnosed with cancer”及下文“She cried less and laughed more.”可知，蒂娜对自己患癌症这件事感到很难过，所以每天都在哭。
√
28．A.set out B．passed by
C．showed up D．settled down
解析：根据下文“landed on her shoulder chattering”可知，此处指在蒂娜回家的那天，格雷西出现了。
√
29．A.understood B．recognized
C．appreciated D．encouraged
解析：根据下文“landed on her shoulder chattering to her”可知，虽然她的头发都掉光了，但格雷西认出了蒂娜。
√
30．A.generously B．curiously
C．mercifully D．emotionally
解析：根据上文“Tina was so excited”可知，看到格雷西认出了自己，蒂娜应该是激动地亲吻着它。
√
31．A.alive B．full
C．fresh D．tidy
解析：结合上文“Feeling sad and hopeless”及“landed on her shoulder chattering”可知，格雷西的到来给家里带来了活力。
√
32．A.act B．reflect
C．change D．cooperate
解析：根据下文“She cried less and laughed more.”可知，蒂娜比之前笑得多了，说明蒂娜改变了。
√
33．A.complex B．normal
C．reliable D．anxious
解析：结合上文“Tina was diagnosed with cancer”及下文“The doctors considered it a miracle”可知，医生认为是奇迹让蒂娜恢复了健康，说明此处指这次检查显示蒂娜一切正常了。
√
34．A.adventure B．attention
C．sympathy D．company
解析：根据上文“landed on her ...to her”及“It is Gracie that gave me hope and strength.”可知，格雷西给了蒂娜希望和力量，即格雷西在那段艰难的日子一直陪伴着蒂娜。
√
35．A.visit B．adoption
C．favor D．trust
解析：根据上文“We ever saved its life, and it was repaying”可知，他们救过格雷西，对格雷西而言，它陪同蒂娜康复是在报恩。
√
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One early September morning, as the sun rose and the morning fog __36__ (gradual) faded, the hillside village of Huangling began waking up.Some residents took the peppers and corn from their shelves, __37__ placed them on the long wooden brackets (托架), under the roof.
In China's Jiangxi Province, an ancient village has gained __38__ (popular) in recent years — Huangling in Wuyuan County.Huangling is one typical example of a village in Wuyuan.Because of its remote location, this village has maintained its __39__ (origin) features for many years in terms of the natural environment, traditional lifestyles, ancient customs, and typical Hui－style architecture.
Autumn is the best time of year __40__ (visit) Huangling.In early autumn, large bamboo baskets __41__ (fill) with crops, pumpkins, and flowers, are placed in front of local doorsteps.This process __42__ (call) shaiqiu, the local custom of drying and preserving yields (产量)．Today, this long－standing practice has become __43__ symbol of home－grown culture and a highlight of rural tourism.
__44__ (attract) over one million tourists a year, the community has also played a significant role in driving the development of surrounding villages. As a result, the World Tourism Alliance recognized Huangling __45__ a successful case in tourism－based poverty reduction.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了江西婺源黄陵村的相关情况。
36．gradually　考查副词。空处修饰动词faded，应用副词形式，故填gradually。
37．and　考查连词。took the peppers and corn from their shelves和placed them on the long wooden brackets, under the roof是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。
38．popularity　考查名词。空处应用名词作宾语，popularity意为“受欢迎程度”，是不可数名词，故填popularity。
39．original　考查形容词。空处修饰名词features，应用形容词，故填original。
40．to visit　考查非谓语动词。time前有最高级修饰，所以此处应用不定式作后置定语，故填to visit。
41．filled　考查非谓语动词。are placed是谓语，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语；baskets和fill之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此空处应用过去分词表被动，故填filled。
42．is called　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。结合句意可知，这个过程被称为晒秋，句子要用被动语态；句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空处应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语process是单数，故填is called。
43．a　考查冠词。symbol是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，且symbol以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
44．Attracting　考查非谓语动词。has also played是谓语，空处应用非谓语动词；the community和attract之间是主谓关系，因此空处应用现在分词表主动；位于句首，首字母要大写，故填Attracting。
45．as　考查介词。recognize sth.as是固定短语，意为“视……为……”，故填as。
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，不久要去英国进行为期一周的学习。在英国期间，你希望你的英国朋友Tom能带领你游览伦敦。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．告知你的行程；
2．请他推荐景点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Tom，
I'm going to England to study for one week.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to keep me company to travel around London.
As scheduled，I have 7 days to travel around England after my study, hoping to learn more about local culture and visit more natural scenery.Considering my traveling time and purpose, I wonder if you can recommend me some tourist attractions.With your help, my travel in England will be more fruitful and meaningful.
I'm looking forward to seeing you soon in London.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When a tornado touched down in a small town nearby, many families were left completely ruined.Afterwards all the local newspapers carried many human interest stories (有人情味的故事) featuring some of the families who suffered the hardest.
One Sunday，a particular picture especially touched me.A young woman stood in front of an entirely shabby mobile home, a depressed expression on her face.A young boy, seven or eight years old，stood at her side, eyes downward.Clutching (抓紧) her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera，eyes wide with confusion andUNIT 4　课时检测(七)　单元语基回顾性盘查
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示写单词——单词拼写(6分)
(1)Knowledge is the candle to ____________ (引导) you to the bright and true life.
(2)The farmer ____________ (围绕) his house and garden with a fence.
(3)As is ____________ (表明) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel for relaxation.
(4)Do me a ____________ (帮助) and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone.
(5)The man wearing a blue hat was ____________ (指控) with theft in the supermarket.
(6)In September 1939, Britain __________ (宣布) war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式——词形转换(12分)
(7)All in all, the advantages of watching movies are not ____________ (limit) in relaxing and entertaining, but also in other aspects.
(8)Put a small amount of the powder into a ________ (contain) and mix it with water.
(9)While traveling can ____________ (broad) your mind, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
(10)As we all know, exercising regularly is ________ (benefit) to improving our health.
(11)The technology has a wide ____________ (apply) in IT industry.
(12)It's well－known that cancer is a ____________ (dead) disease.
Ⅲ.选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空——固定搭配(20分)
to one's credit, speed up, refer to, pay off, put forward, by accident, get involved in, for the benefit of, take the responsibility for, in charge of
(13)You had better work out regularly __________ your health.
(14)To make the plan, they went to the library to ________________ many books.
(15)Once these difficulties were got over, the work would ________________.
(16)Believe me, all your efforts will ____________ in time.
(17)She arrived just as we were leaving, but I'm not sure whether this was ________________ or by design.
(18)He will be ________________ the class when the teacher is away.
(19)You can make new friends if you ____________ group activities.
(20)We should motivate the students into __________________________ their own behavior.
(21)A suggestion has been ________________ that we should recycle the textbooks.
(22)It was greatly ________________ that the taxi driver returned the money he had found in his taxi.
Ⅳ.将下列句子改写为简单句——语法专练(10分)
(23)Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem which is called caffeinism.
→________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
(24)The girl, who was brought up by her uncle, has begun to work now.
→The girl, ________________________， has begun to work now.
(25)As the heroes' deeds moved them deeply, they decided to study even harder.
→________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
(26)The professor came into the lab; a group of students followed him.
→________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
(27)The boy went up to his teacher and said “sorry” because he was greatly touched by his words.
→________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ.根据汉语意思和括号内的提示完成句子——单句写作(10分)
(28)I __________________________ with you but unfortunately I had a bad cold.(intend)
我本来打算和你一起去爬山的，但不幸的是，我得了重感冒。
(29)The lecture is about ________________ the problems between family members.(疑问词＋to do)
这个讲座是关于如何解决家庭成员之间的问题的。
(30)_________________， I will accompany my parents to call on you this weekend.(permit)
时间允许的话，这个周末我会陪父母去拜访你。
(31)_______________________， I think the driver of the lorry should be to blame.(as for/to)
至于这起交通事故的原因，我认为卡车司机应该负责任。
(32)____________________________ everyone should help you. (take it for granted that ...)
你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。
UNIT 4　课时检测(七)
Ⅰ.(1)significant　(2)description　(3)awakened　(4)extremely
(5)straightens　(6)confused
Ⅱ.(7)with　(8)in　(9)In　(10)on　(11)in　(12)to
Ⅲ.(13)adj.体贴的　(14)v.表达　(15)v.克制，抑制
(16)v.宣布　(17)n.欠缺
Ⅳ.(18)①may/might　②must　③can　④mustn't
(19)①should　②could　③Would
(20)①Must; needn't/don't have to　②had to
(21)①used to　②would/used to
Ⅴ.(22)keep us healthy　(23)were searching for clues when
(24)With so many people to help us　(25)Never did he expect
(26)Follow the teacher's advice　(27)too shy to ask
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