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Unit 4 Helping out 课文解析二
1.Let's give him a hand. 让我们去帮他把吧。
[用法讲解] hand可作可数名词，其复数形式为hands，可译为"手，指针，帮助"等；hand也可作动词，译为"上交，递，给"等。
Eg: His hands is dirty.
他得手很脏。
A watch has three hands -- the second hand, minute hand and hour hand.
手表有三个指针--秒针，分针和时针。
Hand it up to me, please.
请把它递上来给我。
[常见搭配] give sb. a hand帮助某人
hand in 上交
on the one hand... on the other hand 一方面...另一方面
by hand手工制作
Eg: Could you give me a hand with the baggage
你能帮我拿一下行李吗
Please hand in your homework on time.
请按时交作业。
On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。
The fabric was painted by hand.
这个织品是手工染制的。
[即学即用]
你能帮我搬一下这些箱子吗
Can you_______________with these boxes
答案：give me a hand
2.Not only wild animals are in need of help. 不仅野生动物需要帮助。
[用法讲解]not only...but also...常用来连接两个并列的名词，动词，形容词，副词或句子。
注意：not only...but also作主语时，谓语动词需用"临近原则".
Eg: She is not only a talented singer but also an excellent dancer.
她不仅是一位才华横溢的歌手，还是一位出色的舞者。
He not only plays the guitar but also writes his own songs.
他不仅会弹吉他，还会自己写歌。
This book is not only interesting but also educational.
这本书不仅有趣，还很有教育意义。
She speaks English not only fluently but also accurately.
她英语说得不仅流利，还很准确。
Not only did he finish his homework early, but also he helped his sister with hers.
他不仅早早完成了作业，还帮妹妹完成了她得作业。
[即学即用]
1.Not only the teacher but also the students________(be) excited.
2.他不但踢足球，而且还执教这支球队。
He ______________plays football_____________coaches the team.
答案：1.are 2.not only; but also
3.Local animal hospitals call for help.当地动物医院寻求帮助。
[用法详解] call在此处为动词，译为"呼叫","称呼，召集，喊叫，给...打电话"等意；
Eg: I will call you tomorrow.
明天我会给你打电话。
She called her dog Max.
她把她的狗命名为Max.
The teacher called the students to class.
老师召集学生去上课。
She called to me for help.
她向我呼救。
His friends call him Bob.
他的朋友都叫他鲍勃。
call也可为名词，译为"电话通话".
Eg: I will give you a call later.
我会稍后给你打电话。
[常见搭配] call for help 大声呼救
call for 呼吁，要求，呼叫
give sb.a call给某人打电话
call on sb. 号召/拜访某人
call in 顺便拜访
call out 大声说
be called 被叫做
Eg: She called to me for help.
她向我呼救。
The teacher called on us to help the old.
老师号召我们帮助老人。
Will you call in at the supermarket for some eggs
你顺便去超市买些鸡蛋好吗
The teacher called out the children's names.
老师大声点名。
The panda is called Huahua.
这个熊猫叫花花。
[即学即用]
他在森林里迷路时呼救了。
He_________________when he got lost in the forest.
答案：called for help
4.The number has increased by...数量已增加了...
[用法讲解] increase作为动词，还可译为"增加，繁殖";increase还可为名词，译为"增加，增量".
Eg: The cost of the project has increased dramatically since it began.
该项目自开始以来成本就急剧上升。
Some bacteria can increase rapidly under favourable conditions.
一些细菌在有利条件下能迅速繁殖。
There has been a significant increase in sales this month.
本月销售额有显著增长。
We need to calculate the increase in population over the past decade.
我们需要计算过去十年的人口增长量。
[常见搭配] increase by...+百分比 增加了...
increase to...+具体数量 增加到...
Eg: The price of the house has increased by 20% this year.
今年房价上涨了20%.
The population of the town has increased to 50,000.
这个城镇的人口增加到了5万。
[派生词] increasing为形容词，译为"越来越多的";
increasingly为副词，译为"日渐增多地".
Eg: an increasing number of people
越来越多的人
It is becoming increasingly difficult to find a job.
找工作变得越来越难。
[即学即用]
Sales increased________(by/ to) 20% last year.
答案：by
5.We aim to help the animals around people. 我们旨在帮助动物类周围。
[用法讲解] aim为动词，译为"瞄准，旨在，目的是";aim还可为名词，译为"目标，瞄准".
Eg: He aimed the camera at the sunset.
他将相机对准日落。
This project aims to reduce pollution.
该项目旨在减少污染。
Her main aim is to become a doctor.
她的主要目标是成为一名医生。
[常见搭配] aim at sb./ sth. 瞄准某人/某物
aim to do sth. 旨在做某事
achieve/ meet one's aim 实现某人的目标
Eg: The hunter aimed at the deer.
猎人瞄准了那只鹿。
We aim to finish the project by Friday.
我们旨在在周五前完成项目。
She finally achieved her aim of becoming a doctor.
她终于实现了成为医生的目标。
[即学即用]
该活动旨在提高人们对气候变化的意识。
This campaign__________raise awareness about climate change.
答案：aims to
6.Suddenly, the ground shook hard and was thrown to the floor.
突然地面剧烈摇晃，我被甩到地板上。
[用法讲解] throw为动词，译为"猛动身体，扔，抛"；其过去式为threw，过去分词为 thrown.
Eg: He threw the ball to me.
他把球扔给了我。
The pitcher threw a fastball.
投手投了一个快速球。
[常见搭配] throw at... 把某物投向...
throw away 扔掉，浪费
throw up 呕吐，建造
throw in... 额外加入，投入
throw sb. up to... 反复责备某人
Eg: The angry protesters threw stones at the police.
愤怒的抗议者向警察投掷石块。
Don't throw away your talent on a job that doesn't challenge you.
不要把你的才能浪费在一份没有挑战性的工作上。
He threw up all night after eating the bad seafood.
他吃了坏海鲜后整晚都在呕吐。
She threw in a few extra ingredients to make the cake more flavorful.
她加了一些额外的配料，让蛋糕更加美味。
His parents are always throwing his mistakes up to him.
他的父母总是责备他的错误。
[即学即用]
把好的食物扔掉是浪费。
It is a waste to ________ _______ good food.
答案：throw away
7.I was shocked to find all the other buildings were reduced to pieces.
我震惊地发现其他建筑都已化为废墟。
[用法讲解]reduce为动词，译为"减少".
Eg: We need to reduce our expenses this month.
这个月我们需要减少开支。
[常见搭配] reduce to... 减少到...(后接目标结果)
reduce by...减少...(后接变化量)
reduce ... to doing sth. 被迫采取某种行为
reduce sb./ sth.to a state使某人/某物陷入某种状态
Eg: The staff was reduced to 50 employees.
员工数量缩减至50人。
Sales reduced by 15% last quarter.
上季度销售额减少了15%.
The drought reduced farmers to begging.
旱灾迫使农民乞讨。
The fire reduced the building to ashes.
大火将建筑物烧成灰烬。
[即学即用]
( )Reduce the number of employees_______half of the original.
A.to B.by C.with D.of
答案：A
8.So I made up my mind to become one of them.于是我下定决心成为他们中的一员。
[用法讲解]mind在此处为名词，译为"头脑，思想";mind也可作动词，译为"介意".
Eg: She has a brilliant mind for solving problems.
她有解决问题的聪明头脑。
I don't mind waiting for a few minutes.
我不介意等几分钟。
[常见搭配]change one's mind 改变某人的主意
make up one's mind(to do sth.) 下决心(做某事)
mind (one's) doing sth.."介意(某人)做某事"
mind+从句
Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English.
她下定决心提高她的英语。
Would you mind my opening the door
你介意我开门吗
I don't mind if you have free time.
我不介意你是否有空闲时间。
[即学即用]
( )1.--Would you mind my_______
-- Of course. Do it as you like, please.
A.to play the piano B. playing the piano
C. play the piano D. to playing the piano
2.你应该尽快下定决心，奖学金申请的截止日期只剩三天了。
You should_______________soon, the deadline for the scholarship application is only three days away.
答案：1.B 2.make up your mind
9.Right away,I signed up to help. 我立刻报名前往。
[用法讲解]sign作动词，译为"示意，签约": sign也可为名词，译为"标志，符号，手势，迹象".
Eg: She signed the contract yesterday.
她昨天签署了合同。
The teacher signed for us to be quiet.
老师示意我们安静。
The sign says "No Parking."
标志上写着"禁止停车。"
Dark clouds are a sign of rain.
乌云是下雨的迹象。
[常见搭配] sign up 报名
sign in/ out 签到/签退
sign off 结束
sign away 放弃
traffic sign 交通标志
sign language 手语
Eg: She signed up for a cooking class.
她报名参加了一个烹饪课程。
Visitors must sign in at the reception desk.
访客必须再接待处签到。
The radio host signed off with a cheerful song.
电台主持人以一首欢快的歌曲结束了节目。
She signed away her inheritance.
她放弃了继承权。
Always pay attention to traffic signs while driving.
开车时要注意交通标志。
She communicates with her deaf friend using sign language.
她用手语和聋哑朋友交流。
[派生词] signature为名词，译为"签名";
signify为动词，译为"表示".
Eg: She added her signature to the contract before submitting it.
她再提交合同前签了名。
The red light signifies danger -- stop immediately!
红灯表示危险--立即停下!
[即学即用]
她报名参加了这个课程。
She ______ ______for the course.
答案：signed up
10.It was time for me to offer mine. 现在该轮到我伸出手了。
[用法讲解]offer还为动词，译为"邀请，提供，帮助"; offer还可为名词，译为"提供，帮助，折扣，机会"等。
Eg: The company offered him a job with a good salary.
公司给他提供了一个薪水不错的工作。
She received a job offer from a tech company.
她收到了一家科技公司的工作邀请。
Thank you for your kind offer of help.
感谢你的善意帮助。
This products is on a 20% discount offer.
这个产品打八折优惠。
The company provides free training offers to new employees.
公司为新员工提供免费培训机会。
[常见搭配] offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.提供某人某物
make/ put in an offer 提出报价
on offer 可买到，可使用
Eg: He offered a seat to the elderly lady.=He offered the elderly lady a seat.
他给那位老奶奶让了座。
They made an offer on the house. 他们对
这栋房子提出了报价。
Prizes worth more than $20,000 are on offer.
奖品总值超过20,000美元，可供领取。
[易混辨析] offer与provide区别：
offer通常指主动提供某物或某服务，带有一定的积极性和自愿性，与job,help等词搭配；
provide则更常用于提出计划，建议或观点，与 with连用。
Eg: I offered to buy her lunch, but she declined.
我提出请她吃午饭，但她拒绝了。
They will provide us with eggs.
他们为我们提供鸡蛋。
"It is time (for sb.) to do sth. = It is time for..."译为"(对于某人来说)到了做某事的时候".
Eg: It is time for us to have dinner.
对我们来说到了吃完饭的时候。
[即学即用]
1.到了上英语课的时候。
It is time _________(have) an English class.
( )2. He _______ a job _____ me , but I didn't accept.
A.offered; for B.offered; to
C.provided; with D. provided; to
答案：1.to have 2.B
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共36张PPT)
Unit 4 Helping out
八年级
外研版2024
下
课文解析二
1.Let's give him a hand.让我们去帮他把吧。
[用法讲解] hand可作可数名词，其复数形式为hands，可译为"手，指针，帮助"等；hand也可作动词，译为"上交，递，给"等。
Eg: His hands is dirty.
他得手很脏。
A watch has three hands -- the second hand, minute hand and hour hand.
手表有三个指针--秒针，分针和时针。
Hand it up to me, please.
请把它递上来给我。
[常见搭配]give sb. a hand帮助某人
hand in上交
on the one hand... on the other hand 一方面...另一方面
by hand手工制作
Eg: Could you give me a hand with the baggage
你能帮我拿一下行李吗
Please hand in your homework on time.
请按时交作业。
On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。
The fabric was painted by hand.
这个织品是手工染制的。
[即学即用]
你能帮我搬一下这些箱子吗
Can you_______________with these boxes
give me a hand
2.Not only wild animals are in need of help. 不仅野生动物需要帮助。
[用法讲解]not only...but also...常用来连接两个并列的名词，动词，形容词，副词或句子。
注意：not only...but also作主语时，谓语动词需用"临近原则".
Eg: She is not only a talented singer but also an excellent dancer.
她不仅是一位才华横溢的歌手，还是一位出色的舞者。
He not only plays the guitar but also writes his own songs.
他不仅会弹吉他，还会自己写歌。
This book is not only interesting but also educational.
这本书不仅有趣，还很有教育意义。
She speaks English not only fluently but also accurately.
她英语说得不仅流利，还很准确。
Not only did he finish his homework early, but also he helped his sister with hers.
他不仅早早完成了作业，还帮妹妹完成了她得作业。
[即学即用]
1.Not only the teacher but also the students________(be) excited.
2.他不但踢足球，而且还执教这支球队。
He ______________plays football_____________coaches the team.
are
not only but also
3.Local animal hospitals call for help.当地动物医院寻求帮助。
[用法详解]call在此处为动词，译为"呼叫","称呼，召集，喊叫，给...打电话"等意；
Eg: I will call you tomorrow.
明天我会给你打电话。
She called her dog Max.
她把她的狗命名为Max.
The teacher called the students to class.
老师召集学生去上课。
She called to me for help.
她向我呼救。
His friends call him Bob.
他的朋友都叫他鲍勃。
call也可为名词，译为"电话通话".
Eg: I will give you a call later.
我会稍后给你打电话。
[常见搭配]call for help大声呼救
call for呼吁，要求，呼叫
give sb.a call给某人打电话
call on sb.号召/拜访某人
call in顺便拜访
call out大声说
be called被叫做
Eg: She called to me for help.
她向我呼救。
The teacher called on us to help the old.
老师号召我们帮助老人。
Will you call in at the supermarket for some eggs
你顺便去超市买些鸡蛋好吗
The teacher called out the children's names.
老师大声点名。
The panda is called Huahua.
这个熊猫叫花花。
[即学即用]
他在森林里迷路时呼救了。
He_________________when he got lost inthe forest.
called for help
4.The number has increased by...数量已增加了...
[用法讲解]increase作为动词，还可译为"增加，繁殖";increase还可为名词，译为"增加，增量".
Eg:The cost of the project has increased dramatically since it began.
该项目自开始以来成本就急剧上升。
Some bacteria can increase rapidly under favourable conditions.
一些细菌在有利条件下能迅速繁殖。
There has been a significant increase in sales this month.
本月销售额有显著增长。
We need to calculate the increase in population over the past decade.
我们需要计算过去十年的人口增长量。
[常见搭配]increase by...+百分比增加了...
increase to...+具体数量增加到...
Eg: The price of the house has increased by 20% this year.
今年房价上涨了20%.
The population of the town has increased to 50,000.
这个城镇的人口增加到了5万。
[派生词]increasing为形容词，译为"越来越多的";
increasingly为副词，译为"日渐增多地".
Eg: an increasing number of people
越来越多的人
It is becoming increasingly difficult to find a job.
找工作变得越来越难。
[即学即用]
Sales increased________(by/ to) 20% last year.
by
5.We aim to help the animals around people. 我们旨在帮助动物类周围。
[用法讲解]aim为动词，译为"瞄准，旨在，目的是";aim还可为名词，译为"目标，瞄准".
Eg: He aimed the camera at the sunset.
他将相机对准日落。
This project aims to reduce pollution.
该项目旨在减少污染。
Her main aim is to become a doctor.
她的主要目标是成为一名医生。
[常见搭配]aim at sb./ sth.瞄准某人/某物
aim to do sth.旨在做某事
achieve/ meet one's aim 实现某人的目标
Eg: The hunter aimed at the deer.
猎人瞄准了那只鹿。
We aim to finish the project by Friday.
我们旨在在周五前完成项目。
She finally achieved her aim of becoming a doctor.
她终于实现了成为医生的目标。
[即学即用]
该活动旨在提高人们对气候变化的意识。
This campaign__________raiseawareness about climate change.
aims to
6.Suddenly, the ground shook hard and was thrown to the floor.
突然地面剧烈摇晃，我被甩到地板上。
[用法讲解]throw为动词，译为"猛动身体，扔，抛"；其过去式为threw，过去分词为thrown.
Eg: He threw the ball to me.
他把球扔给了我。
The pitcher threw a fastball.
投手投了一个快速球。
[常见搭配]throw at...把某物投向...
throw away扔掉，浪费
throw up呕吐，建造
throw in...额外加入，投入
throw sb. up to...反复责备某人
Eg: The angry protesters threw stones at the police.
愤怒的抗议者向警察投掷石块。
Don't throw away your talent on a job that doesn't challenge you.
不要把你的才能浪费在一份没有挑战性的工作上。
He threw up all night after eating the bad seafood.
他吃了坏海鲜后整晚都在呕吐。
She threw in a few extra ingredients to make the cake more flavorful.
她加了一些额外的配料，让蛋糕更加美味。
His parents are alwaysthrowinghis mistakes up to him.
他的父母总是责备他的错误。
[即学即用]
把好的食物扔掉是浪费。
It is a waste to ________ _______ good food.
throw away
7.I was shocked to find all the other buildings were reduced to pieces.
我震惊地发现其他建筑都已化为废墟。
[用法讲解]reduce为动词，译为"减少".
Eg: We need to reduce our expenses this month.
这个月我们需要减少开支。
[常见搭配]reduce to...减少到...(后接目标结果)
reduce by...减少...(后接变化量)
reduce ... to doing sth.被迫采取某种行为
reduce sb./ sth.to a state使某人/某物陷入某种状态
Eg: The staff was reduced to 50 employees.
员工数量缩减至50人。
Sales reduced by 15% last quarter.
上季度销售额减少了15%.
The drought reduced farmers to begging.
旱灾迫使农民乞讨。
The fire reduced the building to ashes.
大火将建筑物烧成灰烬。
[即学即用]
( )Reduce the number of employees_______half of the original.
A.to B.by C.with D.of
A
8.So I made up my mind to become one of them.于是我下定决心成为他们中的一员。
[用法讲解]mind在此处为名词，译为"头脑，思想";mind也可作动词，译为"介意".
Eg: She has a brilliant mind for solving problems.
她有解决问题的聪明头脑。
I don't mind waiting for a few minutes.
我不介意等几分钟。
[常见搭配]change one's mind 改变某人的主意
make up one's mind(to do sth.) 下决心(做某事)
mind (one's) doing sth.."介意(某人)做某事"
mind+从句
Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English.
她下定决心提高她的英语。
Would you mind my opening the door
你介意我开门吗
I don't mind if you have free time.
我不介意你是否有空闲时间。
[即学即用]
( )1.--Would you mind my_______
-- Of course. Do it as you like, please.
A.to play the pianoB. playing the piano
C. play the piano D. to playing the piano
2.你应该尽快下定决心，奖学金申请的截止日期只剩三天了。
You should_______________soon, the deadline for the scholarship application is only three days away.
B
make up your mind
9.Right away,I signed up to help.我立刻报名前往。
[用法讲解]sign作动词，译为"示意，签约": sign也可为名词，译为"标志，符号，手势，迹象".
Eg: She signed the contract yesterday.
她昨天签署了合同。
The teacher signed for us to be quiet.
老师示意我们安静。
The sign says "No Parking."
标志上写着"禁止停车。"
Dark clouds are a sign of rain.
乌云是下雨的迹象。
[常见搭配]sign up报名
sign in/ out签到/签退
sign off结束
sign away放弃
traffic sign交通标志
sign language手语
Eg: She signed up for a cooking class.
她报名参加了一个烹饪课程。
Visitors must sign in at the reception desk.
访客必须再接待处签到。
The radio host signed off with a cheerful song.
电台主持人以一首欢快的歌曲结束了节目。
She signed away her inheritance.
她放弃了继承权。
Always pay attention to traffic signs while driving.
开车时要注意交通标志。
She communicates with her deaf friend using sign language.
她用手语和聋哑朋友交流。
[派生词] signature为名词，译为"签名";
signify为动词，译为"表示".
Eg: She added her signature to the contract before submitting it.
她再提交合同前签了名。
The red light signifies danger -- stopimmediately!
红灯表示危险--立即停下!
[即学即用]
她报名参加了这个课程。
She ______ ______for the course.
signed up
10.It was time for me to offer mine. 现在该轮到我伸出手了。
[用法讲解]offer还为动词，译为"邀请，提供，帮助"; offer还可为名词，译为"提供，帮助，折扣，机会"等。
Eg: The company offered him a job with a good salary.
公司给他提供了一个薪水不错的工作。
She received a job offer from a tech company.
她收到了一家科技公司的工作邀请。
Thank you for your kind offer of help.
感谢你的善意帮助。
This products is on a 20% discount offer.
这个产品打八折优惠。
Thecompanyprovidesfree training offers to new employees.
公司为新员工提供免费培训机会。
[常见搭配] offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.提供某人某物
make/ put in an offer提出报价
on offer可买到，可使用
Eg: He offered a seat to the elderly lady.=He offered the elderly lady a seat.
他给那位老奶奶让了座。
They made an offer on the house.他们对
这栋房子提出了报价。
Prizes worth more than $20,000 are on offer.
奖品总值超过20,000美元，可供领取。
[易混辨析] offer与provide区别：
offer通常指主动提供某物或某服务，带有一定的积极性和自愿性，与job,help等词搭配；
provide则更常用于提出计划，建议或观点，与 with连用。
Eg: I offered to buy her lunch, but she declined.
我提出请她吃午饭，但她拒绝了。
They will provide us with eggs.
他们为我们提供鸡蛋。
"It is time (for sb.) to do sth. = It is time for..."译为"(对于某人来说)到了做某事的时候".
Eg: It is time for us to have dinner.
对我们来说到了吃完饭的时候。
[即学即用]
1.到了上英语课的时候。
It is time _________(have) an English class.
( )2. He _______ a job _____ me , but I didn't accept.
A.offered; for B.offered; to
C.provided; with D. provided; to
to have
B
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