资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
A12
1.Atlantic
/ t l n.t k/ adj.
Pacific
/p s f. k/ adj.
NATO：North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
(WTO:Warsaw treaty organization）
APEC:Asia-Pacific Economic
Cooperation
2.atmosphere
/ t.m .sf r/ n.
1)Rainfall affects the moisture
content of the atmosphere.
2)The talk went on in a
friendly atmosphere
词根sphere为球体的意思
sphere /sf r/n.
hemisphere / hem. .sf r/n.
atmosphere/ t.m .sf r/
biosphere / ba . .sf r/n.
hydrosphere / ha .dr .sf r/
The sculptor rounded the clay into a sphere.
He and I moved in totally different
social spheres.
the northern/southern hemisphere
The species and behavioural diversity of the biosphere were devastated
during such events.
Carbon dioxide is continually cycled through the biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.
3.atom / t. m/ n.
atomic / t m. k/adj.
IAEA
International
Atomic
Energy
Agency
atomic reactor
atomic structure
4..attach/ t t / v.
attached adj.
attachment
/ t t .m nt/ n.
detach /d t t / v.
detached adj.
detachment n.
v. attach .....to......
1 1)Attach the stamp on the right end
of the envelop.
2)The newly-married couple are
almost attached to
each other all the time.
3)No blame attaches to
you.Nobody suggests that
the any health risks attach
to the product.
4)attach importance to .....
=attach value to....
=attach weight to .....
We should attach
importance to
the use of the verbs when we
learn a foreign language.
5)with no string attached
China is always willing to help the
construction in Africa with no
strings attached.
adj. Please complete the attached
application form
The research unit is attached to
the university.
n.
1)This food processor has a special
attachment for grinding coffee.
2)I will email my report as an
attachment.
3)attachment theory
依附理论
依附理论（Attachment theory）是一个（或一组）关于为了得到安全感而寻求亲近另一人的心理倾向的理论。当此人在场时会感到安全，不在场时会感到焦虑。此理论最早由约翰·鲍比在1950年代提出 。
At university I formed a strong
attachment to one of my tutors.
v. detach A from B
detached house 独幢别墅
You can detach the hood if
you prefer the coat without it.
The design of the kitchen
ventilator should be for the
convenience detach and
cleaning.
adj.因为已(脱离)，
所以具有(不带情感，所以冷漠)，
所以(独立)，所以(公正)。
1)The label became detached from your parcel.
2)He tries to remain emotionally
detached from the prisoners, but fails
3)Prices are rising so fast that
people can't afford detached
houses.
4)He thought himself a detached
observer.
n.
1)to suffer detachment of the
retina(视网膜）
2)A doctor’s professional
detachment.
3)In judging these issues a degree of critical detachment is required.
4))A detachment of Italian soldiers
was sent to the area.
5.attaché / t .e / n.
attache n.
n. ambassador / m b s. .d r/ n. embassy / em.b .si/ n.
consul / k n.s l/ n.
consulate / k n.sj .l t/ n.
attache
He aspired to be cultural attache
in the diplomatic service.
Saw Khin Soe once served as a
military attache at the Burmese
embassy in Tokyo.
n.attache case
6.attain/ te n/ v.
attainment / te n·m nt/ n.
attainable/ te ·n ·b l/ adj. unattainable adj.
v. A gentleman is always ready to help others attain their aims.
N
1)goal /target attainment
degree attainment
Independence attainment
2)=accomplishment
=achievement
educational attainment
学业成就
closing the attainment gap
缩小成绩差距
adj. attainable and sustainable
You need to set goals that are
clear and attainable.
The goal is high, but I don’t think
it unattainable.
7.attempt/ tempt/ v. / n.
attempt to do sth
= make an attempt to do sth
v. attempt +n.
attempt to do sth
He attempted a joke, but no one
laughed.
Make sure the rope is firmly
attached before attempting to
climb down it.
n.make an attempt to do sth
in an attempt to do sth
He made no attempt to be
sociable.
They closed the road in an
attempt (= to try to) to reduce
traffic in the city.
8.attend / tend/ v.
attendance n.
/ ten.d ns/
attendant n.
/ ten.d nt/
vt. attend sb/ sth
to attend a meeting /
a wedding /
a funeral /
the school /
the class/
the church
2)Three members of the stuff will
attend the CEO to U.K.
May good fortune attend you
forever .
(attend sb →attendant n. )
n.Attendances at church
are falling.
He failed the course because of his poor record of attendance.
n.flight attendant
9.attend / tend/ v.
attention n.
/ ten. n/
attentive adj.
←→inattentive adj.
attentively adv.
vi attend to (doing )sth
=pay attention to doing sth
1)=deal with =do with
I have sth more important to
attend to.
2)=take care of
If you leave , who will attend to
the baby who will milk the baby
Could you please attend to the shop while i go to the bank
3)=focus on (=pay attention to )
He attends to his study for the
time being .
Parents must attend to the
education of the children.
adj. be attentive to sth
lend an attentive ear to ....
You should also be attentive to
your family needs while you
are busy with your work.
adv.Are you listening to the speech on the international situation attentively
10.attract / tr kt/ v.
attraction/ tr k. n/ n.
attractive/ tr k.t v/ adj.
（参考A词根tract)
adj. She wants a man who is bright, attractive and funny as well, which is asking the impossible in my opinion.
n. Gravitational attraction 万有引力
She felt an immediate physical
attraction to him.
11.tribute为词根=give
1)tribute / tr b.ju t/ n.
给出来的：礼物，颂词
2)attribute / t.r .bju t/
n.给你一人--特征，特性
v. 给你一人---属于，归（因）于
3)contribute / k n.tr .bju t/ v.
完全给出---奉献
4)distribute /d str b.ju t/ v.
分开给---分配
Pay tribute to....
Tributes have been pouring in
from all over the world for
the famous actor who died
yesterday.
The minister paid tribute to the men who had fought the blaze.
2)attribute / t.r .bju t/ n.
n. Multi-attribute decision-making methods
多种特征决策方法
Patience is one of the most
important attributes in a teacher.
v. / tr bju t/
attribute.....to(doing) sth
（= result from.....)
Women tend to attribute
their success to external
causes such as luck.
3)contribute ....to (doing )sth
It was a real team effort -
everyone contributed something
to the success of the project.
4)distribute sth to sb
The books will be
distributed free to local
schools.
audi词根：听
audible / .d .b l/adj.
audience / .di. ns/
auditorium / .d t .ri. m/
audio / .di. /adj./n.
audition / d . n/ n.
1)The lecturer spoke so quietly
that he was scarcely audible at the back of the hall.
2)The audience was/were clearly
delighted with the performance.
3)No smoking in the auditorium.
4)an audio signal声频信号
5)She sang really badly at her audition, so she didn't get into the choir.
12.audio / .di. /adj./n.
video / v d.i. /adj./n.
The audio revealed the
candidate boasting about his
illegal activities.
People can upload videos of
their pets to this website.
13.audience / .di. ns/ n.
The audience clapped and
cheered when she stood up to
speak.
The television company has lost a
large part of its audience since it
changed its programming.
14.authentic/ θen.t k/ adj.
authenticate / θen.t .ke t/ v.
(=confirm v.)
authentication n.
adj. authentic or fake
I don’t know if the vase is an
authentic antique or a fake one
v. There have now been well authenticated reports that the use of this drug is very
occasionally responsible for heart attacks.
n. authentication security
安全认证
password authentication
密码认证
15.author/ .θ r/ n.
In his preface, the author says that he took eight years to write the book.
16.authority/ θ r. .ti/ n. authorities n.
authorize / .θ r.a z/ v. authorization
/ .θ r.a ze . n/ n.
新闻：Kim Davis went back to work
but she said she still will not
authorize gay marriage license due
to her religious beliefs, instead,
they will be issued by a federal
court order.
n.
If the economy recovered , the
prime minister’s authority would
soon Increase.
2)She is an authority on criminal
law.
3)authorities
planning authorities
health authorities
local housing authorities
v. authorize sb to do sth
Soldiers were authorized to shoot at will.
I have authorized him to act for
me while i am away.
n.certificate of authorization
授权书
17.auto 为词根有二个意思 ：
词根表：自我
autobiography英
[ t ba ɡr fi] 美
[ t ba ɑ ɡr fi]
autosuggestion
[ t s d est n]
autocrat / .t .kr t/ n.
autocracy / t k.r .si/ n.
词根表：自动
automatic / .t m t. k/ adj.
automobile
/ .t .m .bi l/ US
/ ɑ .t .mo .bi l/
autopilot / .t pa .l t/
His life story is recounted in
two fascinating volumes of
autobiography.
Autosuggestion is the power of
mind over matter - if you
convince yourself that you
are cured, you will be.
Instead of this semi-democratic
autocracy, there should be full democracy.
Thanks to the automobile,
Americans soon had a freedom
of movement previously
unknown.
The plane was on autopilot when it crashed.
A13
1.AR glasses
VR glasses
AR:Augmented Reality
VR:Virtual Reality
分析：
augment/ ɡ ment/v.
augmentation n.
V.
He would have to find work to
augment his income.
What the chapters reveal is how
much of our knowledge has been
augmented or revised in recent
years.
n. People are expressing concern
about the unprecedented
augmentation of domestic
militaryauthority.
adj.
virtual / v .t u. l/
虚与实
1)（通过计算机）虚拟的
In the game players simulate
real life in a virtual world.
The service gives employees
a personalized virtual desktop
accessible from any
web browser.
2)实质上的，几乎的
Falling orders led to the virtual
ruin of her company.
He is a virtual prisoner in his
own home.
2.autonomous
/ t n. .m s/ adj.
autonomy / t n. .mi/n.
1)政治概念：自治的
an autonomous region/
province
2)个人能力：
独立自主的，有主见的
autonomous driving
autonomous weapons
system
autonomous mobile robot
n.
The universities want to preserve
their autonomy from central
government.
Demonstrators demanded
immediate autonomy for their
region.
区分：
automatic 与autonomous
automatic / .t m t. k/ :
ATM:Automatic Teller Machine
automatic withdrawal
自动转账
描述的是某事物遵循固定的规则自动化地运行。也指一个动作无意识的自动发生。
示例：
呼吸是自发进行的（呼吸不受意识控制)
那种茶壶可以自动烧水。
autonomous/ t n. .m s/
自主意味着能够自己做决定。
自治的是自治、自我管理的
意思。
示例：
我们社区是个自治社区，我们自己做决策。
随着孩子年龄的增长，我们应该教导他们变得更加自主。
随着孩子年龄地增长，我们应培养他们，使之能越来越自我管理自己。
3.available
/ ve .l .b l/ adj.
availability
/ ve .l b l. .ti/ n.
unavailable
/ n. ve .l .b l/ adj.
1)These drugs are only
available on prescription .
2)(口）Are you available
I'm afraid I'm not available to help with the show on the 19th.
We ever tried to contact
Mr. Simpson, but he was
always unavailable.
n.
service availability
服务可用性
water availability
水资源可利用性
4.avenue / v. .nju / n.
1)avenue means a wide road
with trees or tall buildings on
both sides, or a wide
country path
or road with trees on both sides.
The fifth Avenue in New York
纽约第五大道
2)We should explore/pursue every
avenue in the search for an
answer to this problem.
(同：way/ approach )
5.average/ v. r. d / n. / adj.
n. above average
below average
on average
average Joe
指普通的人，平凡的人。如同中文说的邻居张三李四王二麻子
它是普通美国人（通常指男性）的象
征。20世纪90年代晚期至21世纪
初，美国人口的大部分由中产阶级构
成，这一术语主要用在该阶段。
An Average Joe is an average
or ordinary man. It is a
symbolization of an average
American person (generally
male). The term was used mainly
in the late 90s - early 2000s
, when the majority of America's
population consisted of middle
class citizens.
6.aviation / e .vi e . n/ n.
aviator / e ·vi e t · r/ n.
AVIC:Aviation Industry
Corporation of China
中国航空工业集团
CAAC:Civil Aviation
Administration
of China
中国民航局
COMAC:Commercial Aircraft
Corporation of China Ltd
中国商用飞机有限责任公司
civil aviation 民用航空
military aviation 军用航空
n.
Charles Lindbergh was
the first aviator to fly
nonstop across the
Atlantic Ocean.
7.avoid / v d/ v.
avoidance
/ v ·d ns/ n.
avoidable adj.
unavoidable adj.
v. avoid (doing) sth
You should avoid mentioning
divorce , which only could
embarrass him.
adj. Many deaths from heart disease are actually avoidable.
8.await v.
wait v.
V.await sb/ sth
= wait for sb/ sth
We will await your reply
=we will wait for your reply.
He's anxiously awaiting his test
results.
注意：wait on /wait for
参考后面资料
9.award 与 reward
ward 给出
a+ward--给你一个
奖项，奖品，奖金
re+ward-- 回头给你--回报
→award/ w d/ n. / v.
award -winning adj.
n.
The academy award for best
director
The airline received an
environmental award for
work relating to carbon-
emissions reduction.
v. award sb sth
=award sth to sb
1)She has been awarded a
scholarship to study at
Harvard.
2)The judge awarded a large sum
of money to those hurt by
the fire.
adj.
an award-winning
author/TV series/design
→reward/r w d/ n. / v.
Thanks reward day感恩回报日
n. Winning the match was just a
reward for the effort the team
made.
v. reward sb for (doing )sth
She started singing to the baby
and was rewarded with a smile.
10.aware / we r/ adj.
awareness
/ we .n s/ n.
conscious
/ k n. s/ adj.
consciousness
/ k n. s.n s/ n.
subconscious
/ s b k n. s/ n.
adj. be aware of ....
=be conscious of ....
be aware that ....
be conscious that ...
As I waited, I became aware of
something happening in
the house.
She's very conscious of the
problems involved.
n. self -awareness
cultural awareness
cyber security awareness
n.Working in an unemployment
office had helped to raise his
political consciousness.
He shows no consciousness
that others might find him boring.
n.Such memories exist only
on/at the subconscious
level.
11.awe / / US /ɑ / n./v.
awesome / .s m/ US
/ ɑ .s m/ adj.
awe-inspiring
/ . n spa .r / US
/ ɑ . n spa r. / adj.
n.
n.
in awe
in awe of sb/ sth
He's such an important man that
I'm rather in awe of him.
We looked on in awe as
the gymnast performed
her routine.
v. awe sb
Her paintings have awed
and amazed
the public for half a century.
adj.
1)An awesome challenge/
task lies ahead of them.
2)
You are awesome
awesome cities
awesome animals
adj.
Her knowledge of computers is quite awe-inspiring.
Niagara Falls really is an awe-inspiring sight.
12.awful / .f l/ adj.
From awful to awesome
从傻B到牛B
1)I am an awful mother, I don’t even know that my son has got 10 years old .
2)an awful lot of sth
It is going to cost an awful lot of money.
There is not an awful lot of room now.
13.awkward/ .kw d/ adj.
awkwardness n.
embarrass / m b r. s/v.
embarrassing adj.
embarrassed adj.
embarrassment
/ m b r. s.m nt/
内心 =feel embarrassed
15 is an awkward age.
2)动作：
His movements were slow and
awkward.
3)形状，设计
The ox is very awkward for
a person to carry.
It was small but heavy
enough to make it
awkward to carry..
n.The internet removes the
awkwardness of a face-to-face
interaction.
社恐：social awkwardness
社牛：social butterfly
社死：social death
I didn't want to embarrass her
in front of her friends.
Why did you make an
announcement in front of
everyone Did you have to
embarrass us like that
n.
She felt acute embarrassment
at his behaviour.
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