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高考核心词汇主题式梳理：人际关系与行为 (Interpersonal Relationships and Behaviors)
1. 人际交往、沟通与动作 (Interaction & Communication)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
chat / communicate / connect / contact v./n. 聊天，交流，连接，联系 【注意】communicate with sb. 与某人交流；connect A with B 把A和B联系起来；keep in contact with 与...保持联系（contact作名词）。【易错点】contact sb. (作动词时及物，不加with)。
greet / invite / remind / share v. 问候，邀请，提醒，分享 【注意】remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物。【拓展】greeting n. 问候；invitation n. 邀请。
bow / hug / kiss / nod v./n. 鞠躬，拥抱，亲吻，点头 【注意】bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬；nod to sb. 向某人点头（表示同意或问候）。
interrupt / bother v. 打断，打扰 【易错点】interrupt 指打断别人说话或正在做的事；bother 指给别人造成麻烦或心理烦恼。bother to do sth. 费心去做某事。
2. 关系、角色与相互影响 (Relationships, Roles & Influence)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
acquaintance / companion / company / partner n. 熟人，同伴，陪伴/公司，搭档 【拓展】make one's acquaintance 结识某人；keep pany 陪伴某人（company不可数）。
guest / host / enemy n. 客人，主人/主办，敌人 【注意】host a meeting/party 主办会议/聚会。
attract / influence v./n. 吸引，影响 【考点】have a great influence on 对...有很大影响；be attracted to 被...吸引。
depend / rely / trust v./n. 依赖，依靠，信任 【注意】depend on / rely on 依赖，取决于；That depends. 视情况而定。trust in sb. 信任某人。
3. 赞同、支持与合作 (Agreement, Support & Cooperation)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
accompany / assist / cooperate / guide / help v. 陪伴，协助，合作，指导，帮助 【注意】accompany sb. 陪伴某人；assist sb. with/in sth. 协助某人做某事；cooperate with sb. 与某人合作。
admit / agree / allow / promise v. 承认，同意，允许，承诺 【易错点】admit doing sth. 承认做过某事（规则变化：admitted）；allow doing 允许做（无被动），allow sb. to do 允许某人做。
admire / cheer / congratulate / encourage v. 钦佩，欢呼/鼓舞，祝贺，鼓励 【考点】admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人；congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事；encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。
compromise / confess / defend / favor / forgive / offer v./n. 妥协，坦白，辩护，恩惠/偏爱，原谅，提供 【注意】reach a compromise 达成妥协；defend sb. from/against 保护某人免受；do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙；offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事。
attend / join v. 出席/照顾，加入 【易错点】attend a meeting/school 参加会议/上学；attend to 照顾，处理；join 指加入某个组织或群体。
4. 冲突、拒绝与指责 (Conflict, Refusal & Disagreement)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
argue / conflict / disagree v./n. 争论，冲突，不同意 【考点】argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争论某事；in conflict with 与...有冲突。
attack / blame / cheat / fault / punish v./n. 攻击，责备，欺骗，过错，惩罚 【易错点】sb. is to blame (某人)应受责备（主动表被动）；blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人；It's one's fault. 是某人的错。
avoid / refuse v. 避免，拒绝 【考点】avoid doing sth. 避免做某事；refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事。
command / demand v./n. 命令，要求 【注意】两者接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气 (should) do。demand to do sth. 要求做某事。
二、 巩固练习：阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)
Passage A (Focus: Overcoming Challenges Through Teamwork)
During my second year of high school, I was assigned to cooperate with a new partner, Jack, on a complex science project. At first, I felt a bit reluctant. Jack was just an acquaintance, and his casual attitude made me doubt if I could trust him with such an important task. I was a perfectionist who always demanded high standards, while he seemed to prefer taking things easy.
Inevitably, we started to argue about the research methods. I would often blame him for not taking the project seriously, and our conflict almost ruined our progress. However, things changed one afternoon when we were stuck on a difficult data analysis problem. Instead of being defensive when I pointed out a fault, Jack admitted his mistake openly and offered to stay late to fix it. He didn't refuse my suggestions; rather, he agreed to try my approach while adding his own creative ideas.
As we spent more time together, my influence made him more organized, and his positive energy encouraged me to avoid stressing over tiny details. We began to assist each other effectively. Whenever I felt frustrated, he would cheer me up and remind me to take a break. He proved to be a reliable companion who accompanied me through endless hours of testing.
In the end, our project won the first prize. When the judges congratulated us, I realized that true success comes from mutual respect and learning to compromise. I truly admire Jack for his open-mindedness. Through this experience, we did not just share an award; we forged a deep friendship built on understanding and trust.
1. Why was the author initially reluctant to work with Jack
A. Because Jack was his former enemy.
B. Because Jack lacked basic scientific knowledge.
C. Because Jack's casual attitude made the author doubt his reliability.
D. Because Jack always refused to attend meetings.
2. What was the turning point in their relationship
A. Jack blamed the author for a data error.
B. Jack openly admitted his fault and offered to fix it.
C. The teacher commanded them to stop arguing.
D. Jack decided to cheat on the data analysis.
3. How did Jack influence the author during the project
A. He made the author more organized.
B. He helped the author become more defensive.
C. He encouraged the author to avoid stressing over tiny details.
D. He taught the author how to demand higher standards.
4. What does the underlined word "forged" in the last paragraph most likely mean
A. Destroyed.
B. Formed or created.
C. Avoided.
D. Demanded.
5. What is the main message conveyed in the passage
A. Strict standards are the only way to achieve success.
B. Acquaintances can never become true friends.
C. Avoiding conflicts is better than facing them.
D. Mutual respect and compromise lead to successful cooperation.
Passage B (Focus: Resolving Interpersonal Conflicts)
Interpersonal relationships are like fragile glass; they require care, patience, and a willingness to forgive. Last month, I experienced a severe conflict with my best friend, Sarah. I had confided a secret to her, trusting her completely. However, a few days later, I heard the exact same story from another acquaintance. Feeling betrayed, I immediately assumed Sarah had cheated me and broken her promise.
Furious and hurt, I confronted her and started to attack her with angry words. I blamed her for spreading rumors and refused to listen to her explanations. To protect myself, I began to avoid her company. I ignored her calls and wouldn't even nod or greet her when we passed each other in the hallway. It felt like we had suddenly become enemies rather than friends.
A week later, our mutual friend, Emma, intervened to assist us in resolving the issue. She arranged a meeting and advised us to communicate calmly. During our chat, Sarah broke down in tears. She confessed that she had accidentally mentioned a detail while defending me against some false gossip, not realizing someone else was eavesdropping. She admitted it was her fault for being careless, but she never intended to hurt me.
Hearing her explanation, I realized I had been too quick to judge. I agreed that I should have given her a chance to explain before getting angry. We both decided to compromise and rebuild our trust. We hugged each other tightly, letting go of the past. This incident reminded me that jumping to conclusions can damage a relationship, but honest communication can connect people even closer.
6. Why was the author angry with Sarah
A. Sarah refused to assist her with homework.
B. The author believed Sarah had broken a promise and shared a secret.
C. Sarah attacked her in front of a mutual acquaintance.
D. Sarah cheated on an important exam.
7. How did the author react to the situation initially
A. She forgave Sarah immediately.
B. She compromised and listened to Sarah's advice.
C. She blamed Sarah and actively avoided her.
D. She greeted Sarah but refused to chat.
8. What role did Emma play in the story
A. She was the one who spread the rumors.
B. She was an enemy who caused the conflict.
C. She acted as a mediator to help them communicate.
D. She blamed the author for being too quick to judge.
9. What was the truth behind the leaked secret
A. Sarah sold the secret to an acquaintance for money.
B. Sarah carelessly mentioned it while defending the author.
C. Emma spread the secret to punish the author.
D. The author actually told the secret to everyone.
10. What lesson did the author learn from this incident
A. You should never trust your friends with secrets.
B. Honest communication is essential for resolving conflicts.
C. It is better to avoid people who make mistakes.
D. Compromise means admitting you are entirely wrong.
三、 巩固练习：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
Cloze Test A (Focus: Social Events and Manners)
Last Friday, our school decided to hold an international cultural exchange evening. As the president of the student council, I was chosen to ____11____ the event. It was a great honor, but it also required a lot of hard work. We wanted to ____12____ a welcoming atmosphere, so we decided to ____13____ exchange students from different countries as our special ____14____.
When the evening began, I stood at the entrance to ____15____ everyone warmly. As people arrived, I made sure to ____16____ politely and shake hands with the teachers. Some students even gave each other a friendly ____17____ to show their enthusiasm. My primary job was to ensure that no one felt left out. I walked around the hall, trying to ____18____ with students who looked shy and didn't have any ____19____ to talk to.
During the cultural show, the performances easily ____20____ the audience's attention. Every time a program finished, the students would ____21____ loudly to show their appreciation. Afterwards, we had a free session where students could ____22____ and share their own cultural stories. I noticed that many people who were just ____23____ at the beginning of the evening became good friends.
Before the event ended, the principal came to the stage to ____24____ us on the success of the evening. He emphasized that such activities greatly help to ____25____ people from diverse backgrounds. I felt extremely proud that our efforts had paid off, leaving everyone with wonderful memories.
11. A. attack B. host C. punish D. cheat
12. A. avoid B. refuse C. offer D. bother
13. A. invite B. command C. blame D. defend
14. A. enemies B. guests C. faults D. conflicts
15. A. greet B. argue C. interrupt D. demand
16. A. kiss B. bow C. disagree D. confess
17. A. hug B. strike C. blow D. kick
18. A. fight B. chat C. compete D. complain
19. A. company B. schedule C. pressure D. excuse
20. A. refused B. attracted C. admitted D. relied
21. A. sigh B. weep C. cheer D. apologize
22. A. communicate B. depend C. hesitate D. compromise
23. A. partners B. acquaintances C. hosts D. relatives
24. A. blame B. advise C. forgive D. congratulate
25. A. connect B. separate C. divide D. isolate
Cloze Test B (Focus: Trust, Rules and Teamwork)
Participating in the outdoor survival challenge was a turning point in my life. Our team instructor, Mr. Davis, was a man who believed strictly in discipline. He ____26____ high standards and expected everyone to follow the rules. He clearly stated that anyone who tried to ____27____ during the tasks would be severely ____28____.
Our first task was to cross a fast-flowing river. To succeed, we had to ____29____ heavily on each other. Mr. Davis ____30____ us to form a human chain. However, one team member, Leo, thought he could do it alone. He ____31____ to hold hands with the rest of us, believing his strength was enough. He tried to ____32____ his actions by saying he didn't want to slow us down. Unfortunately, he lost his balance and fell into the water.
We immediately rushed to ____33____ him. After pulling him out, Mr. Davis didn't shout or ____34____ him in front of everyone. Instead, he took Leo aside and ____35____ him about the importance of teamwork. Leo looked ashamed. He ____36____ his mistake and promised to change. From that moment on, he fully decided to ____37____ with the team.
The rest of the challenge went smoothly. We learned that in the wild, nature is not your ____38____; your own pride is. You must allow yourself to trust your peers. By the end of the trip, we had all learned to ____39____ each other's strengths and weaknesses. We realized that true survival doesn't just ____40____ on individual skills, but on how well you can work together as one unit.
26. A. demanded B. avoided C. admitted D. offered
27. A. assist B. cheat C. nod D. bow
28. A. encouraged B. rewarded C. punished D. admired
29. A. rely B. agree C. focus D. comment
30. A. requested B. commanded C. begged D. allowed
31. A. promised B. managed C. offered D. refused
32. A. defend B. attack C. bother D. interrupt
33. A. punish B. assist C. blame D. avoid
34. A. praise B. cheer C. blame D. comfort
35. A. advised B. congratulated C. confused D. tricked
36. A. covered B. admitted C. hid D. doubted
37. A. compete B. argue C. disagree D. cooperate
38. A. companion B. enemy C. partner D. host
39. A. attack B. ignore C. admire D. complain
40. A. depend B. base C. insist D. feed高考核心词汇主题式梳理：人际关系与行为 (Interpersonal Relationships and Behaviors)
1. 人际交往、沟通与动作 (Interaction & Communication)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
chat / communicate / connect / contact v./n. 聊天，交流，连接，联系 【注意】communicate with sb. 与某人交流；connect A with B 把A和B联系起来；keep in contact with 与...保持联系（contact作名词）。【易错点】contact sb. (作动词时及物，不加with)。
greet / invite / remind / share v. 问候，邀请，提醒，分享 【注意】remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物。【拓展】greeting n. 问候；invitation n. 邀请。
bow / hug / kiss / nod v./n. 鞠躬，拥抱，亲吻，点头 【注意】bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬；nod to sb. 向某人点头（表示同意或问候）。
interrupt / bother v. 打断，打扰 【易错点】interrupt 指打断别人说话或正在做的事；bother 指给别人造成麻烦或心理烦恼。bother to do sth. 费心去做某事。
2. 关系、角色与相互影响 (Relationships, Roles & Influence)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
acquaintance / companion / company / partner n. 熟人，同伴，陪伴/公司，搭档 【拓展】make one's acquaintance 结识某人；keep pany 陪伴某人（company不可数）。
guest / host / enemy n. 客人，主人/主办，敌人 【注意】host a meeting/party 主办会议/聚会。
attract / influence v./n. 吸引，影响 【考点】have a great influence on 对...有很大影响；be attracted to 被...吸引。
depend / rely / trust v./n. 依赖，依靠，信任 【注意】depend on / rely on 依赖，取决于；That depends. 视情况而定。trust in sb. 信任某人。
3. 赞同、支持与合作 (Agreement, Support & Cooperation)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
accompany / assist / cooperate / guide / help v. 陪伴，协助，合作，指导，帮助 【注意】accompany sb. 陪伴某人；assist sb. with/in sth. 协助某人做某事；cooperate with sb. 与某人合作。
admit / agree / allow / promise v. 承认，同意，允许，承诺 【易错点】admit doing sth. 承认做过某事（规则变化：admitted）；allow doing 允许做（无被动），allow sb. to do 允许某人做。
admire / cheer / congratulate / encourage v. 钦佩，欢呼/鼓舞，祝贺，鼓励 【考点】admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人；congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事；encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。
compromise / confess / defend / favor / forgive / offer v./n. 妥协，坦白，辩护，恩惠/偏爱，原谅，提供 【注意】reach a compromise 达成妥协；defend sb. from/against 保护某人免受；do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙；offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事。
attend / join v. 出席/照顾，加入 【易错点】attend a meeting/school 参加会议/上学；attend to 照顾，处理；join 指加入某个组织或群体。
4. 冲突、拒绝与指责 (Conflict, Refusal & Disagreement)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
argue / conflict / disagree v./n. 争论，冲突，不同意 【考点】argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争论某事；in conflict with 与...有冲突。
attack / blame / cheat / fault / punish v./n. 攻击，责备，欺骗，过错，惩罚 【易错点】sb. is to blame (某人)应受责备（主动表被动）；blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人；It's one's fault. 是某人的错。
avoid / refuse v. 避免，拒绝 【考点】avoid doing sth. 避免做某事；refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事。
command / demand v./n. 命令，要求 【注意】两者接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气 (should) do。demand to do sth. 要求做某事。
二、 巩固练习：阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)
Passage A (Focus: Overcoming Challenges Through Teamwork)
During my second year of high school, I was assigned to cooperate with a new partner, Jack, on a complex science project. At first, I felt a bit reluctant. Jack was just an acquaintance, and his casual attitude made me doubt if I could trust him with such an important task. I was a perfectionist who always demanded high standards, while he seemed to prefer taking things easy.
Inevitably, we started to argue about the research methods. I would often blame him for not taking the project seriously, and our conflict almost ruined our progress. However, things changed one afternoon when we were stuck on a difficult data analysis problem. Instead of being defensive when I pointed out a fault, Jack admitted his mistake openly and offered to stay late to fix it. He didn't refuse my suggestions; rather, he agreed to try my approach while adding his own creative ideas.
As we spent more time together, my influence made him more organized, and his positive energy encouraged me to avoid stressing over tiny details. We began to assist each other effectively. Whenever I felt frustrated, he would cheer me up and remind me to take a break. He proved to be a reliable companion who accompanied me through endless hours of testing.
In the end, our project won the first prize. When the judges congratulated us, I realized that true success comes from mutual respect and learning to compromise. I truly admire Jack for his open-mindedness. Through this experience, we did not just share an award; we forged a deep friendship built on understanding and trust.
1. Why was the author initially reluctant to work with Jack
A. Because Jack was his former enemy.
B. Because Jack lacked basic scientific knowledge.
C. Because Jack's casual attitude made the author doubt his reliability.
D. Because Jack always refused to attend meetings.
2. What was the turning point in their relationship
A. Jack blamed the author for a data error.
B. Jack openly admitted his fault and offered to fix it.
C. The teacher commanded them to stop arguing.
D. Jack decided to cheat on the data analysis.
3. How did Jack influence the author during the project
A. He made the author more organized.
B. He helped the author become more defensive.
C. He encouraged the author to avoid stressing over tiny details.
D. He taught the author how to demand higher standards.
4. What does the underlined word "forged" in the last paragraph most likely mean
A. Destroyed.
B. Formed or created.
C. Avoided.
D. Demanded.
5. What is the main message conveyed in the passage
A. Strict standards are the only way to achieve success.
B. Acquaintances can never become true friends.
C. Avoiding conflicts is better than facing them.
D. Mutual respect and compromise lead to successful cooperation.
Passage B (Focus: Resolving Interpersonal Conflicts)
Interpersonal relationships are like fragile glass; they require care, patience, and a willingness to forgive. Last month, I experienced a severe conflict with my best friend, Sarah. I had confided a secret to her, trusting her completely. However, a few days later, I heard the exact same story from another acquaintance. Feeling betrayed, I immediately assumed Sarah had cheated me and broken her promise.
Furious and hurt, I confronted her and started to attack her with angry words. I blamed her for spreading rumors and refused to listen to her explanations. To protect myself, I began to avoid her company. I ignored her calls and wouldn't even nod or greet her when we passed each other in the hallway. It felt like we had suddenly become enemies rather than friends.
A week later, our mutual friend, Emma, intervened to assist us in resolving the issue. She arranged a meeting and advised us to communicate calmly. During our chat, Sarah broke down in tears. She confessed that she had accidentally mentioned a detail while defending me against some false gossip, not realizing someone else was eavesdropping. She admitted it was her fault for being careless, but she never intended to hurt me.
Hearing her explanation, I realized I had been too quick to judge. I agreed that I should have given her a chance to explain before getting angry. We both decided to compromise and rebuild our trust. We hugged each other tightly, letting go of the past. This incident reminded me that jumping to conclusions can damage a relationship, but honest communication can connect people even closer.
6. Why was the author angry with Sarah
A. Sarah refused to assist her with homework.
B. The author believed Sarah had broken a promise and shared a secret.
C. Sarah attacked her in front of a mutual acquaintance.
D. Sarah cheated on an important exam.
7. How did the author react to the situation initially
A. She forgave Sarah immediately.
B. She compromised and listened to Sarah's advice.
C. She blamed Sarah and actively avoided her.
D. She greeted Sarah but refused to chat.
8. What role did Emma play in the story
A. She was the one who spread the rumors.
B. She was an enemy who caused the conflict.
C. She acted as a mediator to help them communicate.
D. She blamed the author for being too quick to judge.
9. What was the truth behind the leaked secret
A. Sarah sold the secret to an acquaintance for money.
B. Sarah carelessly mentioned it while defending the author.
C. Emma spread the secret to punish the author.
D. The author actually told the secret to everyone.
10. What lesson did the author learn from this incident
A. You should never trust your friends with secrets.
B. Honest communication is essential for resolving conflicts.
C. It is better to avoid people who make mistakes.
D. Compromise means admitting you are entirely wrong.
三、 巩固练习：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
Cloze Test A (Focus: Social Events and Manners)
Last Friday, our school decided to hold an international cultural exchange evening. As the president of the student council, I was chosen to ____11____ the event. It was a great honor, but it also required a lot of hard work. We wanted to ____12____ a welcoming atmosphere, so we decided to ____13____ exchange students from different countries as our special ____14____.
When the evening began, I stood at the entrance to ____15____ everyone warmly. As people arrived, I made sure to ____16____ politely and shake hands with the teachers. Some students even gave each other a friendly ____17____ to show their enthusiasm. My primary job was to ensure that no one felt left out. I walked around the hall, trying to ____18____ with students who looked shy and didn't have any ____19____ to talk to.
During the cultural show, the performances easily ____20____ the audience's attention. Every time a program finished, the students would ____21____ loudly to show their appreciation. Afterwards, we had a free session where students could ____22____ and share their own cultural stories. I noticed that many people who were just ____23____ at the beginning of the evening became good friends.
Before the event ended, the principal came to the stage to ____24____ us on the success of the evening. He emphasized that such activities greatly help to ____25____ people from diverse backgrounds. I felt extremely proud that our efforts had paid off, leaving everyone with wonderful memories.
11. A. attack B. host C. punish D. cheat
12. A. avoid B. refuse C. offer D. bother
13. A. invite B. command C. blame D. defend
14. A. enemies B. guests C. faults D. conflicts
15. A. greet B. argue C. interrupt D. demand
16. A. kiss B. bow C. disagree D. confess
17. A. hug B. strike C. blow D. kick
18. A. fight B. chat C. compete D. complain
19. A. company B. schedule C. pressure D. excuse
20. A. refused B. attracted C. admitted D. relied
21. A. sigh B. weep C. cheer D. apologize
22. A. communicate B. depend C. hesitate D. compromise
23. A. partners B. acquaintances C. hosts D. relatives
24. A. blame B. advise C. forgive D. congratulate
25. A. connect B. separate C. divide D. isolate
Cloze Test B (Focus: Trust, Rules and Teamwork)
Participating in the outdoor survival challenge was a turning point in my life. Our team instructor, Mr. Davis, was a man who believed strictly in discipline. He ____26____ high standards and expected everyone to follow the rules. He clearly stated that anyone who tried to ____27____ during the tasks would be severely ____28____.
Our first task was to cross a fast-flowing river. To succeed, we had to ____29____ heavily on each other. Mr. Davis ____30____ us to form a human chain. However, one team member, Leo, thought he could do it alone. He ____31____ to hold hands with the rest of us, believing his strength was enough. He tried to ____32____ his actions by saying he didn't want to slow us down. Unfortunately, he lost his balance and fell into the water.
We immediately rushed to ____33____ him. After pulling him out, Mr. Davis didn't shout or ____34____ him in front of everyone. Instead, he took Leo aside and ____35____ him about the importance of teamwork. Leo looked ashamed. He ____36____ his mistake and promised to change. From that moment on, he fully decided to ____37____ with the team.
The rest of the challenge went smoothly. We learned that in the wild, nature is not your ____38____; your own pride is. You must allow yourself to trust your peers. By the end of the trip, we had all learned to ____39____ each other's strengths and weaknesses. We realized that true survival doesn't just ____40____ on individual skills, but on how well you can work together as one unit.
26. A. demanded B. avoided C. admitted D. offered
27. A. assist B. cheat C. nod D. bow
28. A. encouraged B. rewarded C. punished D. admired
29. A. rely B. agree C. focus D. comment
30. A. requested B. commanded C. begged D. allowed
31. A. promised B. managed C. offered D. refused
32. A. defend B. attack C. bother D. interrupt
33. A. punish B. assist C. blame D. avoid
34. A. praise B. cheer C. blame D. comfort
35. A. advised B. congratulated C. confused D. tricked
36. A. covered B. admitted C. hid D. doubted
37. A. compete B. argue C. disagree D. cooperate
38. A. companion B. enemy C. partner D. host
39. A. attack B. ignore C. admire D. complain
40. A. depend B. base C. insist D. feed
四、 参考答案及详细解析
Reading Comprehension 1 (Passage A)
1. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Jack was just an acquaintance, and his casual attitude made me doubt if I could trust him with such an important task.”可知，Jack随意的态度让作者怀疑他是否可靠，从而感到不情愿。
2. 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead of being defensive when I pointed out a fault, Jack admitted his mistake openly and offered to stay late to fix it.”可知，关系的转折点在于Jack面对指责时没有辩护，而是公开承认错误并主动提出留下来修复。
3. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第三段“his positive energy encouraged me to avoid stressing over tiny details.”可知，Jack的积极能量鼓励作者避免为小细节过度紧张。
4. 答案：B。词义猜测题。根据语境“we forged a deep friendship built on understanding and trust”可知，在此经历后，他们“建立/缔造”了建立在理解和信任基础上的深厚友谊。因此forge在此意为Formed or created（形成或创造）。
5. 答案：D。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者和同伴从起初的互不信任、发生争执，到后来通过沟通、包容和妥协（mutual respect and learning to compromise），最终取得成功并建立深厚友谊的故事。因此，相互尊重和妥协带来成功的合作是文章主旨。
Reading Comprehension 2 (Passage B)
6. 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第一段“I had confided a secret to her... I heard the exact same story from another acquaintance. Feeling betrayed, I immediately assumed Sarah had cheated me and broken her promise.”可知，作者以为Sarah违背了承诺，把秘密泄露了出去。
7. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第二段“I blamed her for spreading rumors and refused to listen to her explanations. To protect myself, I began to avoid her company.”可知，作者最初的反应是责备Sarah并刻意躲避她。
8. 答案：C。推理判断题。根据第三段“our mutual friend, Emma, intervened to assist us in resolving the issue. She arranged a meeting and advised us to communicate calmly.”可知，Emma作为中间人（调解者）帮助她们冷静沟通，化解了矛盾。
9. 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第三段“She confessed that she had accidentally mentioned a detail while defending me against some false gossip, not realizing someone else was eavesdropping.”可知，Sarah是在为作者辩护时不小心提及了细节，被别人偷听到了。
10. 答案：B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“This incident reminded me that jumping to conclusions can damage a relationship, but honest communication can connect people even closer.”可知，作者从这件事中认识到，坦诚的沟通对于解决冲突、拉近人际关系至关重要。
Cloze Test A
11. B (host)。解析：根据语境，作为学生会主席，作者被选来“主办/主持”(host) 这场晚会。
12. C (offer)。解析：offer a welcoming atmosphere 提供/营造一种受欢迎的氛围。
13. A (invite)。解析：invite... as our special guests 邀请...作为我们特别的客人。
14. B (guests)。解析：呼应上文，邀请交换生来作为特别的“客人”(guests)。
15. A (greet)。解析：作者站在门口热情地“问候/迎接”(greet) 每一个人。
16. B (bow)。解析：根据语境及中国/亚洲传统礼仪，向老师礼貌地“鞠躬”(bow) 并握手。
17. A (hug)。解析：give each other a friendly hug 给彼此一个友好的“拥抱”(hug) 以示热情。
18. B (chat)。解析：作者走动是为了和那些害羞的学生“聊天”(chat)。
19. A (company)。解析：didn't have any company 没有“同伴/陪伴”(company) 可以交谈。
20. B (attracted)。解析：表演轻松地“吸引了”(attracted) 观众的注意力。
21. C (cheer)。解析：节目结束后，学生们会大声“欢呼”(cheer) 以示赞赏。
22. A (communicate)。解析：在自由活动环节，学生们可以相互“交流”(communicate)。
23. B (acquaintances)。解析：晚会开始时仅仅是“泛泛之交/熟人”(acquaintances) 的人，后来成了好朋友。
24. D (congratulate)。解析：校长上台，对晚会的成功向我们表示“祝贺”(congratulate)。congratulate sb. on sth. 为固定搭配。
25. A (connect)。解析：此类活动极大地有助于将不同背景的人“连接”(connect) 在一起。
Cloze Test B
26. A (demanded)。解析：教练要求严格，demand high standards “要求”高标准。
27. B (cheat)。解析：教练明确规定，任何在任务中试图“作弊/欺骗”(cheat) 的人都会受重罚。
28. C (punished)。解析：违反规则作弊的人将受到严厉的“惩罚”(punished)。
29. A (rely)。解析：要渡过湍急的河流，我们必须严重“依赖”(rely) 彼此。rely on 为固定搭配。
30. B (commanded)。解析：教官“命令/指挥”(commanded) 我们组成人链。
31. D (refused)。解析：Leo认为自己一个人能行，因此“拒绝”(refused) 和大家拉手。
32. A (defend)。解析：Leo试图通过说不想拖慢大家来为自己的行为“辩护”(defend)。
33. B (assist)。解析：他落水后，大家立刻冲过去“协助/救助”(assist) 他。
34. C (blame)。解析：教练并没有在大家面前大喊大叫或“责备”(blame) 他。
35. A (advised)。解析：教练把他拉到一旁，耐心“建议/教导”(advised) 他团队合作的重要性。
36. B (admitted)。解析：Leo感到羞愧，他“承认”(admitted) 了自己的错误。
37. D (cooperate)。解析：从那刻起，他决定全力与团队“合作”(cooperate)。
38. B (enemy)。解析：在野外，大自然并不是你的“敌人”(enemy)，你自己的骄傲才是。
39. C (admire)。解析：旅行结束时，大家都学会了“欣赏/钦佩”(admire) 彼此的优缺点。
40. A (depend)。解析：真正的生存不仅仅“取决于”(depend) 个人技能，还取决于团队协作。depend on 为固定搭配。

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