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高考核心词汇主题式梳理：家庭与生活轨迹
1. 家庭成员与亲属 (Family Members & Relatives)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
family / relative n. 家庭/家人；亲戚 adj. 相对的 【注意】family作主语时，指“家庭整体”谓语用单数，指“家庭成员”谓语用复数。【拓展】relatives and friends 亲友；be relative to 与...有关。
ancestor / generation n. 祖先；一代人 【拓展】from generation to generation 世代相传；the younger generation 年轻一代。
father / mother / parent n. 父亲；母亲；父母(之一) 【注意】parent指父亲或母亲，复数parents指双亲。【拓展】mother tongue 母语。
husband / wife n. 丈夫；妻子 【规则变化】wife变复数：wives。
son / daughter n. 儿子；女儿 【拓展】an adopted son 养子；father-in-law 岳父/公公 (引申：daughter-in-law 儿媳)。
brother / sister / twin n. 兄弟；姐妹；双胞胎之一 【拓展】a twin brother 双胞胎兄弟；twins 双胞胎。
aunt / uncle n. 阿姨/姑/婶；叔/伯/舅 【注意】称呼语，首字母常大写，如 Uncle Tom。
nephew / niece / cousin n. 侄子/外甥；侄女/外甥女；堂(表)兄弟姐妹 【易错点】发音与拼写区分：nephew (男)，niece (女)，cousin (同辈男女皆可)。
elder / grand adj. 年长的 n. 长辈；adj. 宏伟的/(构成亲属词)隔一代的 【易错点】elder作形容词修饰家庭成员，如 elder sister (姐姐)，不可与than连用。【拓展】grandparent 祖父母；respect the elders 尊敬长辈。
2. 人生阶段与成长 (Life Stages & Growth)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
infant / baby n. 婴儿 【拓展】in one's infancy 在婴儿期，在初期。baby可指动物的幼崽。
child / childhood / kid n. 孩子；童年；小孩 v. 开玩笑 【规则变化】child变复数：children。【拓展】in one's childhood 在某人的童年时期；No kidding! 别开玩笑了！
adult n. 成年人 adj. 成年的 【拓展】grow into an adult 长大成人。
grow v. 生长；种植；变得 【规则变化】grow-grew-grown。【考点】grow up 长大；grow into 发展成；作系动词：grow dark 天变黑了。
3. 婚姻、生育与生死 (Marriage & Life Events)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
bachelor / orphan n. 单身汉/学士；孤儿 【拓展】a confirmed bachelor 不婚主义者；Bachelor of Arts 文学学士；orphanage n. 孤儿院。
marriage / marry / divorce n. 婚姻；v. 结婚；v./n. 离婚 【易错点】marry是及物动词，marry sb. (不可说 marry with sb.)；get/be married to sb. 与某人结婚。
pregnant / birth / born adj. 怀孕的；n. 出生；v. 出生(bear的过去分词) 【注意】give birth to 生(孩子)；be born in/on/at 出生于(某地/某时)。【拓展】by birth 在血统上。
live v. 居住/生活 adj. 活的/现场直播的 【考点】live a ... life 过着...的生活；a live broadcast 现场直播 (读作 /la v/)。
die / dead / death v. 死亡；adj. 死的；n. 死亡 【规则变化】die-dying-died。【易错点】die of (内因：疾病、饥饿等)；die from (外因：事故、受伤等)；be dead (表状态)。
二、 巩固练习：阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)
Passage A (Focus: Family & Generations)
My family has always been deeply connected to our roots. Every year, we gather to honor our ancestors and the elder members of our clan. Last weekend, my father and mother hosted the annual reunion. It is a tradition passed down from generation to generation, making sure that the youngest child knows where they come from.
It was a lively event. My grandparents sat on the sofa, smiling warmly at everyone. My aunt and uncle brought their kids, adding so much joy to the room. Even my twin brother, who usually works abroad, flew back just for this. My sister helped in the kitchen, while my cousin organized games for the little ones in the backyard.
As a parent myself, I watched my daughter and son playing happily with my nephew and niece. It made me reflect on the meaning of family. It’s not just a husband and wife legally bound together; it’s a network of relatives supporting each other through thick and thin. Watching the kids grow, I realized that family is the anchor that holds us steady in a fast-changing world.
1. Why does the author's family hold an annual reunion
A. To celebrate a recent marriage.
B. To honor ancestors and elder members.
C. To divide the family property.
D. To welcome a new baby.
2. Who hosted the annual reunion last weekend
A. The grandparents.
B. The author's aunt and uncle.
C. The author's father and mother.
D. The author's twin brother.
3. What did the cousin do during the reunion
A. Helped cook in the kitchen.
B. Flew back from abroad.
C. Sat on the sofa and smiled.
D. Organized games for the little ones.
4. How does the author view the concept of family
A. A legal contract between husband and wife.
B. A temporary support system.
C. A supporting network of relatives.
D. A heavy burden for adults.
5. What is the main theme of this passage
A. The difficulties of hosting a party.
B. The importance of family bonds and traditions.
C. How to entertain children at home.
D. The generation gap between relatives.
Passage B (Focus: Life Trajectory & Marriage)
John's childhood was anything but easy. He was born in a small village. Shortly after his birth, a terrible disease struck the town. Sadly, his parents were among those who died. Their sudden death left the poor infant as an orphan. He was adopted by a kind neighbor and began to grow up alongside another kid in the neighborhood.
As a young boy, John managed to live a relatively positive life despite his early loss. When he became a responsible adult, he remained a bachelor for a long time. He had witnessed a friend's painful divorce, which made him hesitate to marry. However, true love eventually found him. His marriage to Sarah brought incredible light into his world.
A year later, Sarah became pregnant. When they finally welcomed their baby, John held the newborn tightly. He whispered to his wife that he would never let his child experience the dead silence and loneliness he once felt in his empty old house. The cycle of life continued. From an orphan facing early tragedy to a loving father building a new family, John's journey proved that love and resilience could conquer the darkest of times.
6. What tragedy happened to John shortly after his birth
A. His parents got divorced.
B. He became terribly sick.
C. His parents died in a disease.
D. He was abandoned in a forest.
7. Who raised John during his childhood
A. His grandparents.
B. A kind neighbor.
C. An orphanage director.
D. His elder brother.
8. Why did John remain a bachelor for a long time
A. He was too poor to marry.
B. He wanted to focus on his career.
C. A friend's divorce made him hesitant.
D. He couldn't find anyone who liked him.
9. What did John promise when his baby was born
A. To send the child to a better school.
B. To buy a new house for the family.
C. To never let the child feel lonely and silent.
D. To travel around the world with Sarah.
10. What can be inferred about John from the passage
A. He is resilient and loving.
B. He is pessimistic and shy.
C. He hates his hometown.
D. He prefers to live alone.
三、 巩固练习：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
Cloze Test A (Focus: Family Dynamics & Relatives)
Family gatherings are often loud, messy, but full of warmth. In our clan, respect for the ____11____ generation is a core value. My ____12____, who is over 80 years old, always sits at the head of the table. She loves telling stories about our ____13____ who moved here a century ago.
During these events, my ____14____ and mother work together to prepare the feast. As a helpful ____15____, my aunt also brings her famous apple pie. Her husband, my ____16____, is always making jokes that make every ____17____ in the room laugh. I have a ____18____ brother who looks exactly like me; we are practically inseparable.
I also have a ____19____ who is my aunt's daughter. We share many secrets. Seeing my older ____20____ helping the younger kids makes me proud. We all watched my little ____21____, my brother's son, learning to walk. Beside him is my ____22____, my sister's little girl, who is still a tiny ____23____ crawling on the floor.
A strong ____24____ is built on these moments. Whether you are a young ____25____ finding your way or a mature adult, the support of relatives is the greatest treasure one can have in life.
11. A. elder B. weak C. foolish D. ugly
12. A. grandmother B. baby C. infant D. orphan
13. A. ancestor B. neighbor C. enemy D. stranger
14. A. father B. child C. baby D. orphan
15. A. relative B. doctor C. teacher D. driver
16. A. uncle B. sister C. niece D. daughter
17. A. kid B. toy C. desk D. chair
18. A. twin B. pale C. blind D. deaf
19. A. cousin B. husband C. wife D. grandmother
20. A. sister B. baby C. infant D. uncle
21. A. nephew B. aunt C. grandmother D. mother
22. A. niece B. uncle C. grandfather D. father
23. A. infant B. adult C. bachelor D. ancestor
24. A. family B. school C. hospital D. company
25. A. child B. elder C. ancestor D. grandparent
Cloze Test B (Focus: Life Cycle & Adoption)
Mark and Lisa were a loving ____26____ and wife. They longed to have a ____27____ of their own to fill their quiet home. However, doctors told them they could never conceive. The news was devastating, making them feel as though a part of their dream had ____28____.
Refusing to give up, they visited a local orphanage. There, they met a little boy whose parents had met a tragic ____29____ in a car accident. The boy was an ____30____ with sad eyes. Mark, who was once a lonely ____31____ before his ____32____, felt a deep connection. They decided to adopt him.
When they brought him home, he was no longer just a legal responsibility; he was their ____33____. They watched him ____34____ from a shy toddler into a confident youth. Throughout his ____35____, they provided unconditional love. They taught him how to ____36____ a meaningful life and respect the ____37____ who came before them.
Years later, the boy grew into a successful ____38____. He didn't want to remain a ____39____ forever, so he found a wonderful woman to ____40____. When his wife became pregnant and gave birth to a daughter, Mark and Lisa held their granddaughter, crying tears of joy. Life, in all its unexpected ways, had given them a complete family.
26. A. husband B. sister C. daughter D. aunt
27. A. baby B. ancestor C. adult D. bachelor
28. A. die B. grow C. live D. marry
29. A. death B. marriage C. birth D. childhood
30. A. orphan B. adult C. parent D. uncle
31. A. bachelor B. wife C. mother D. aunt
32. A. marriage B. divorce C. childhood D. death
33. A. son B. uncle C. grandfather D. ancestor
34. A. grow B. die C. divorce D. birth
35. A. childhood B. generation C. death D. dead
36. A. live B. die C. drop D. cut
37. A. generation B. infant C. baby D. twin
38. A. adult B. baby C. infant D. orphan
39. A. bachelor B. wife C. mother D. sister
40. A. marry B. divorce C. die D. born高考核心词汇主题式梳理：家庭与生活轨迹
1. 家庭成员与亲属 (Family Members & Relatives)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
family / relative n. 家庭/家人；亲戚 adj. 相对的 【注意】family作主语时，指“家庭整体”谓语用单数，指“家庭成员”谓语用复数。【拓展】relatives and friends 亲友；be relative to 与...有关。
ancestor / generation n. 祖先；一代人 【拓展】from generation to generation 世代相传；the younger generation 年轻一代。
father / mother / parent n. 父亲；母亲；父母(之一) 【注意】parent指父亲或母亲，复数parents指双亲。【拓展】mother tongue 母语。
husband / wife n. 丈夫；妻子 【规则变化】wife变复数：wives。
son / daughter n. 儿子；女儿 【拓展】an adopted son 养子；father-in-law 岳父/公公 (引申：daughter-in-law 儿媳)。
brother / sister / twin n. 兄弟；姐妹；双胞胎之一 【拓展】a twin brother 双胞胎兄弟；twins 双胞胎。
aunt / uncle n. 阿姨/姑/婶；叔/伯/舅 【注意】称呼语，首字母常大写，如 Uncle Tom。
nephew / niece / cousin n. 侄子/外甥；侄女/外甥女；堂(表)兄弟姐妹 【易错点】发音与拼写区分：nephew (男)，niece (女)，cousin (同辈男女皆可)。
elder / grand adj. 年长的 n. 长辈；adj. 宏伟的/(构成亲属词)隔一代的 【易错点】elder作形容词修饰家庭成员，如 elder sister (姐姐)，不可与than连用。【拓展】grandparent 祖父母；respect the elders 尊敬长辈。
2. 人生阶段与成长 (Life Stages & Growth)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
infant / baby n. 婴儿 【拓展】in one's infancy 在婴儿期，在初期。baby可指动物的幼崽。
child / childhood / kid n. 孩子；童年；小孩 v. 开玩笑 【规则变化】child变复数：children。【拓展】in one's childhood 在某人的童年时期；No kidding! 别开玩笑了！
adult n. 成年人 adj. 成年的 【拓展】grow into an adult 长大成人。
grow v. 生长；种植；变得 【规则变化】grow-grew-grown。【考点】grow up 长大；grow into 发展成；作系动词：grow dark 天变黑了。
3. 婚姻、生育与生死 (Marriage & Life Events)
词汇 词性及释义 高考重难点精析
bachelor / orphan n. 单身汉/学士；孤儿 【拓展】a confirmed bachelor 不婚主义者；Bachelor of Arts 文学学士；orphanage n. 孤儿院。
marriage / marry / divorce n. 婚姻；v. 结婚；v./n. 离婚 【易错点】marry是及物动词，marry sb. (不可说 marry with sb.)；get/be married to sb. 与某人结婚。
pregnant / birth / born adj. 怀孕的；n. 出生；v. 出生(bear的过去分词) 【注意】give birth to 生(孩子)；be born in/on/at 出生于(某地/某时)。【拓展】by birth 在血统上。
live v. 居住/生活 adj. 活的/现场直播的 【考点】live a ... life 过着...的生活；a live broadcast 现场直播 (读作 /la v/)。
die / dead / death v. 死亡；adj. 死的；n. 死亡 【规则变化】die-dying-died。【易错点】die of (内因：疾病、饥饿等)；die from (外因：事故、受伤等)；be dead (表状态)。
二、 巩固练习：阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)
Passage A (Focus: Family & Generations)
My family has always been deeply connected to our roots. Every year, we gather to honor our ancestors and the elder members of our clan. Last weekend, my father and mother hosted the annual reunion. It is a tradition passed down from generation to generation, making sure that the youngest child knows where they come from.
It was a lively event. My grandparents sat on the sofa, smiling warmly at everyone. My aunt and uncle brought their kids, adding so much joy to the room. Even my twin brother, who usually works abroad, flew back just for this. My sister helped in the kitchen, while my cousin organized games for the little ones in the backyard.
As a parent myself, I watched my daughter and son playing happily with my nephew and niece. It made me reflect on the meaning of family. It’s not just a husband and wife legally bound together; it’s a network of relatives supporting each other through thick and thin. Watching the kids grow, I realized that family is the anchor that holds us steady in a fast-changing world.
1. Why does the author's family hold an annual reunion
A. To celebrate a recent marriage.
B. To honor ancestors and elder members.
C. To divide the family property.
D. To welcome a new baby.
2. Who hosted the annual reunion last weekend
A. The grandparents.
B. The author's aunt and uncle.
C. The author's father and mother.
D. The author's twin brother.
3. What did the cousin do during the reunion
A. Helped cook in the kitchen.
B. Flew back from abroad.
C. Sat on the sofa and smiled.
D. Organized games for the little ones.
4. How does the author view the concept of family
A. A legal contract between husband and wife.
B. A temporary support system.
C. A supporting network of relatives.
D. A heavy burden for adults.
5. What is the main theme of this passage
A. The difficulties of hosting a party.
B. The importance of family bonds and traditions.
C. How to entertain children at home.
D. The generation gap between relatives.
Passage B (Focus: Life Trajectory & Marriage)
John's childhood was anything but easy. He was born in a small village. Shortly after his birth, a terrible disease struck the town. Sadly, his parents were among those who died. Their sudden death left the poor infant as an orphan. He was adopted by a kind neighbor and began to grow up alongside another kid in the neighborhood.
As a young boy, John managed to live a relatively positive life despite his early loss. When he became a responsible adult, he remained a bachelor for a long time. He had witnessed a friend's painful divorce, which made him hesitate to marry. However, true love eventually found him. His marriage to Sarah brought incredible light into his world.
A year later, Sarah became pregnant. When they finally welcomed their baby, John held the newborn tightly. He whispered to his wife that he would never let his child experience the dead silence and loneliness he once felt in his empty old house. The cycle of life continued. From an orphan facing early tragedy to a loving father building a new family, John's journey proved that love and resilience could conquer the darkest of times.
6. What tragedy happened to John shortly after his birth
A. His parents got divorced.
B. He became terribly sick.
C. His parents died in a disease.
D. He was abandoned in a forest.
7. Who raised John during his childhood
A. His grandparents.
B. A kind neighbor.
C. An orphanage director.
D. His elder brother.
8. Why did John remain a bachelor for a long time
A. He was too poor to marry.
B. He wanted to focus on his career.
C. A friend's divorce made him hesitant.
D. He couldn't find anyone who liked him.
9. What did John promise when his baby was born
A. To send the child to a better school.
B. To buy a new house for the family.
C. To never let the child feel lonely and silent.
D. To travel around the world with Sarah.
10. What can be inferred about John from the passage
A. He is resilient and loving.
B. He is pessimistic and shy.
C. He hates his hometown.
D. He prefers to live alone.
三、 巩固练习：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
Cloze Test A (Focus: Family Dynamics & Relatives)
Family gatherings are often loud, messy, but full of warmth. In our clan, respect for the ____11____ generation is a core value. My ____12____, who is over 80 years old, always sits at the head of the table. She loves telling stories about our ____13____ who moved here a century ago.
During these events, my ____14____ and mother work together to prepare the feast. As a helpful ____15____, my aunt also brings her famous apple pie. Her husband, my ____16____, is always making jokes that make every ____17____ in the room laugh. I have a ____18____ brother who looks exactly like me; we are practically inseparable.
I also have a ____19____ who is my aunt's daughter. We share many secrets. Seeing my older ____20____ helping the younger kids makes me proud. We all watched my little ____21____, my brother's son, learning to walk. Beside him is my ____22____, my sister's little girl, who is still a tiny ____23____ crawling on the floor.
A strong ____24____ is built on these moments. Whether you are a young ____25____ finding your way or a mature adult, the support of relatives is the greatest treasure one can have in life.
11. A. elder B. weak C. foolish D. ugly
12. A. grandmother B. baby C. infant D. orphan
13. A. ancestor B. neighbor C. enemy D. stranger
14. A. father B. child C. baby D. orphan
15. A. relative B. doctor C. teacher D. driver
16. A. uncle B. sister C. niece D. daughter
17. A. kid B. toy C. desk D. chair
18. A. twin B. pale C. blind D. deaf
19. A. cousin B. husband C. wife D. grandmother
20. A. sister B. baby C. infant D. uncle
21. A. nephew B. aunt C. grandmother D. mother
22. A. niece B. uncle C. grandfather D. father
23. A. infant B. adult C. bachelor D. ancestor
24. A. family B. school C. hospital D. company
25. A. child B. elder C. ancestor D. grandparent
Cloze Test B (Focus: Life Cycle & Adoption)
Mark and Lisa were a loving ____26____ and wife. They longed to have a ____27____ of their own to fill their quiet home. However, doctors told them they could never conceive. The news was devastating, making them feel as though a part of their dream had ____28____.
Refusing to give up, they visited a local orphanage. There, they met a little boy whose parents had met a tragic ____29____ in a car accident. The boy was an ____30____ with sad eyes. Mark, who was once a lonely ____31____ before his ____32____, felt a deep connection. They decided to adopt him.
When they brought him home, he was no longer just a legal responsibility; he was their ____33____. They watched him ____34____ from a shy toddler into a confident youth. Throughout his ____35____, they provided unconditional love. They taught him how to ____36____ a meaningful life and respect the ____37____ who came before them.
Years later, the boy grew into a successful ____38____. He didn't want to remain a ____39____ forever, so he found a wonderful woman to ____40____. When his wife became pregnant and gave birth to a daughter, Mark and Lisa held their granddaughter, crying tears of joy. Life, in all its unexpected ways, had given them a complete family.
26. A. husband B. sister C. daughter D. aunt
27. A. baby B. ancestor C. adult D. bachelor
28. A. die B. grow C. live D. marry
29. A. death B. marriage C. birth D. childhood
30. A. orphan B. adult C. parent D. uncle
31. A. bachelor B. wife C. mother D. aunt
32. A. marriage B. divorce C. childhood D. death
33. A. son B. uncle C. grandfather D. ancestor
34. A. grow B. die C. divorce D. birth
35. A. childhood B. generation C. death D. dead
36. A. live B. die C. drop D. cut
37. A. generation B. infant C. baby D. twin
38. A. adult B. baby C. infant D. orphan
39. A. bachelor B. wife C. mother D. sister
40. A. marry B. divorce C. die D. born
四、 参考答案及详细解析
Reading Comprehension 1 (Passage A)
1. 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第一段“Every year, we gather to honor our ancestors and the elder members of our clan.”可知，每年聚会是为了致敬祖先和长辈。
2. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Last weekend, my father and mother hosted the annual reunion.”可知，是作者的父母主办了上周末的聚会。
3. 答案：D。细节理解题。根据第二段“while my cousin organized games for the little ones in the backyard.”可知，表（堂）兄弟姐妹在后院为孩子们组织了游戏。
4. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s not just a husband and wife legally bound together; it’s a network of relatives supporting each other through thick and thin.”可知，作者认为家庭不仅是夫妻关系，更是亲戚间相互支持的网络。
5. 答案：B。主旨大意题。文章描述了一次家庭大聚会，三代同堂，体现了家庭纽带和传统传承的重要性。因此B项（家庭纽带和传统的重要性）最符合主旨。
Reading Comprehension 2 (Passage B)
6. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Shortly after his birth, a terrible disease struck the town. Sadly, his parents were among those who died.”可知，出生不久后疾病夺去了他父母的生命。
7. 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第一段“He was adopted by a kind neighbor and began to grow up...”可知，是一位善良的邻居收养并抚养了他。
8. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第二段“He had witnessed a friend's painful divorce, which made him hesitate to marry.”可知，朋友痛苦的离婚经历让他对婚姻犹豫不决。
9. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第三段“He whispered to his wife that he would never let his child experience the dead silence and loneliness he once felt...”可知，他承诺决不让自己的孩子体验他曾经历过的死寂和孤独。
10. 答案：A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“From an orphan facing early tragedy to a loving father building a new family, John's journey proved that love and resilience could conquer the darkest of times.”可知，John是一个充满韧性（resilient）且充满爱心（loving）的人。
Cloze Test A
11. A (elder)。解析：respect for the elder generation 尊敬“年长的”一代，这是家族核心价值观。
12. A (grandmother)。解析：根据“over 80 years old”和代词“She”可知，指的是年逾80岁的“祖母”(grandmother)。
13. A (ancestor)。解析：讲述一个世纪前搬到这里的“祖先”(ancestor)的故事。
14. A (father)。解析：通常和mother对应一起准备盛宴的是“父亲”(father)。
15. A (relative)。解析：姑妈/阿姨也是一位乐于助人的“亲戚”(relative)。
16. A (uncle)。解析：aunt的丈夫是“姑父/叔/伯”(uncle)。
17. A (kid)。解析：讲笑话逗得屋里的每一个“孩子”(kid)都笑了起来。
18. A (twin)。解析：根据“looks exactly like me (长得和我一模一样)”可知，是“双胞胎”(twin)兄弟。
19. A (cousin)。解析：阿姨的女儿是我的“表姐/妹”(cousin)。
20. A (sister)。解析：此处对比，看到比我大的“姐姐”(sister)帮助年纪更小的孩子。
21. A (nephew)。解析：我哥哥的儿子是我的“侄子”(nephew)。
22. A (niece)。解析：我姐姐的小女孩是我的“外甥女”(niece)。
23. A (infant)。解析：在地上爬的非常小的应该是“婴儿”(infant)。
24. A (family)。解析：一个强大的“家庭”(family)是建立在这些时刻之上的。
25. A (child)。解析：无论你是正在寻找人生道路的年轻“孩子”(child)，还是成熟的大人。
Cloze Test B
26. A (husband)。解析：Mark和Lisa是一对恩爱的“丈夫”(husband)和妻子。
27. A (baby)。解析：他们渴望拥有自己的“婴儿”(baby)来填补安静的家。
28. A (die(d))。解析：得知无法生育，感觉就像梦想的一部分已经“死”(die)了。助动词had后用died，选项使用原形表示词意。
29. A (death)。解析：父母在车祸中遭遇了悲惨的“死亡”(death)。
30. A (orphan)。解析：父母双亡的男孩是一个带着悲伤眼神的“孤儿”(orphan)。
31. A (bachelor)。解析：结婚前，Mark曾经也是一个孤独的“单身汉”(bachelor)。
32. A (marriage)。解析：在他“婚姻”(marriage)之前，对应前面的bachelor。
33. A (son)。解析：带回家后，他不再是法律责任，而是他们的“儿子”(son)。
34. A (grow)。解析：看着他从害羞的学步儿童“成长”(grow)为自信的青年。
35. A (childhood)。解析：在整个“童年”(childhood)时期，他们提供无条件的爱。
36. A (live)。解析：教他如何“过”(live)有意义的生活（live a ... life）。
37. A (generation)。解析：尊重在他们之前的“一代人/先辈”(generation)。
38. A (adult)。解析：多年后，男孩成长为一个成功的“成年人”(adult)。
39. A (bachelor)。解析：他不想永远做个“单身汉”(bachelor)。
40. A (marry)。解析：所以他找到了一位好女子“结婚”(marry)。

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