资源简介

(共58张PPT)
探究一 核心单词
Unit 2 Inspiring People
1 inspiring / n'spa r / adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的
观察· Her story of overcoming illness is really inspiring.
她战胜疾病的故事非常令人鼓舞。
· The coach gave an inspiring talk before the game, and the team won.
教练赛前做了激励人心的讲话，然后球队赢了。
· We have been inspired by a speech which was given by Mary! 我们从玛丽的演讲中受到了启发！
· These events provided the inspiration for his first novel.
这些事件为他的第一部小说提供了灵感。
inspiring adj. 意为“鼓舞人心的；激励的”。常用于描述人、事、言论等带来的积极影响，既可作定语也可作表语。
inspiring 的词形变化：（1）inspire v. 激励；鼓舞
（2） inspired adj. 感到鼓舞的、受启发的（主语通常是人，描述自身产生的感受）
（3）inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
2 admire / d'ma (r)/ v. 钦佩；赞赏（教材P12）
观察· Many students admire Yang Liwei as a hero.
许多学生把杨利伟当作英雄来钦佩。
· She admires her math teacher for his patience.
她钦佩数学老师的耐心。
· His courage won everyone’s admiration.
他的勇气赢得了所有人的钦佩。
· She has an admirable ability to solve problems.
她有令人钦佩的解决问题的能力。
admire v. 意为“钦佩；赞赏”。同义短语为look up to。常见用法：
（1）admire + sb/sth 赞赏某人/ 某物；钦佩某人/ 某物
（2）admire sb for (doing) sth 因（做）某事钦佩某人
admire 的词形变化：（1）admiration n. 钦佩
（2）admirable adj. 令人钦佩的
3 chemist /'kem st/ n. 化学家（教材P12）
观察· The chemist is researching new medicines.
这位化学家在研究新药。
· I need to go to the chemist’s for some medicine.
我得去药店买些药。
· Our chemistry teacher often shows us interesting reactions in class. 我们的化学老师经常在课堂上给我们展示有趣的反应。
· Chemical reactions can produce heat. 化学反应会产生热量。
chemist n. 意为“化学家”，可数名词，复数形式为chemists。
chemist 作名词，还可意为“药剂师；药店”。常见搭配：
at the chemist’s 在药店；chemist’s shop 药店。
chemist 的词形变化：
（1） chemistry n. 化学 chemistry experiment 化学实验
（2） chemical adj. 化学的；化工的
chemical reaction 化学反应 chemical plant 化工厂
4 physicist /'f z s st/ n. 物理学家（教材P12）
观察· Einstein was a famous physicist who developed the theory of relativity.
爱因斯坦是著名的物理学家，提出了相对论。
· Tom has learnt about gravity and energy in physics class.
汤姆已经在物理课上学习了重力和能量。
· We did a fun physics experiment to see how light bends through a glass of water. 我们做了一个有趣的物理实验，观察光如何透过一杯水发生折射。
· We have physical education class three times a week.
我们每周上三次体育课。
· Regular exercise helps keep you physically fit.
规律运动有助于保持身体健康。
physicist n. 意为“物理学家”。
physicist 的词形变化：
（1） physics n. 物理；物理学 have physics 上物理课
physics experiment 物理实验
（2） physical adj. 物理的；体能的
physical education（PE）体育
physical change 物理变化
（3） physically adv. 身体上
5 hunger /'h ɡ (r)/ n. 饥饿（教材P12）
观察· In the old days, some people died of hunger in winter.
在过去，有些人在冬天死于饥饿。
· Many children suffer from hunger during the war.
战争期间许多孩子遭受饥饿。
· His hunger for knowledge made him read every book in the library.他对知识的渴望让他读遍了图书馆的书。
· Young athletes often hunger for victory on the national stage. 年轻运动员常常渴望在全国赛场上取得胜利。
· I always feel hungry an hour before dinner.
我总是在晚饭前一小时感到饥饿。
· The dog stared hungrily at the bone.狗饥饿地盯着骨头。
hunger n. 意为“饥饿”，是不可 数名词。常见搭配：
（1）die of hunger 死于饥饿
（2）suffer from hunger 遭受饥饿
hunger 作名词，还可意为“渴望”，a hunger for sth 对某
物的渴望。
hunger 还可作动词，意为“渴望”，hunger for/after sth
渴望得到某物。
hunger 的词形变化：（1）hungry adj. 饥饿的；渴望的
feel hungry 感到饥饿 be hungry for 渴望
（2）hungrily adv. 饥饿地；渴望地
6 discovery /d 'sk v ri/ n. 发现（教材P12）
观察· The discovery of fire changed human history.
火的发现改变了人类历史。
· The team made a new discovery about ancient animals.
这个团队在古生物方面有了新发现。
· Scientific discoveries help us understand the world better. 科学发现帮助我们更好地理解世界。
· X-rays were first discovered by a German scientist, Wilhelm Conrad R ntgen.
X 射线是由德国科学家威廉·康拉德·伦琴首次发现的。
· Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.
贝尔发明了电话。
discovery n. 意为“发现”，既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。意为“发现的行为”时，是不可数名词，意为“被发现的事物”时，是可数名词。
discovery 的常见搭配：
（1）the discovery of... ……的发现
（2）make a d iscovery 有发现
（3）scientific discovery 科学发现
discovery 的词形变化：
（1）discover v. 发现 （2）discoverer n. 发现者
辨析：discover 与invent
discover “发现”，指发现或偶然发现原本存在的，但一直未被认识或不为人知的东西。
invent “发明，创造”，指创造发明出新的，原来并不存在的东西。
7 century /'sent ri/ n. 世纪（教材P13）
观察· The 19th century saw great changes in industry, like the invention of the steam engine.
19 世纪见证了工业领域的巨大变革，比如蒸汽机的发明。
· It has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century. 自二十世纪初以来，它就以它的剧院而闻名。
· He was born in the 1990s. 他出生在二十世纪九十年代。
century 为可数名词，意为“世纪”，复数形式为centuries。常见用法：
（1）the + 序数词+ century ……世纪
（2） in the early/middle/late + 序数词+ century 在……世纪初期/ 中期/ 晚期
the + 年份+ -s ……世纪……年代
8 wounded /'wu nd d/ adj. 受伤的；负伤的（教材P13）
观察· The wounded bird couldn’t fly.受伤的鸟无法飞行。
· The hospital treated the wounded after the accident.
事故后医院救治了伤员。
· He was badly wounded in the leg. 他的腿伤得很重。
· The arrow wounded his chest. 箭伤了他的胸部。
wounded adj. 意为“受伤的；负伤 的”，既可作定语也可作表语。常见搭配：（1）the wounded 伤员；伤兵
（2） be/get seriously/badly/slightly wounded 受重/ 轻伤
wounded 还是动词wound 的过去式和过去分词，意为
“使（身体）受伤；伤害”。wound 的详细讲解见U4。
9 nation /'ne n/ n. 国家；民族（教材P13）
观察· The two nations signed a peace treaty.
两国签署了和平条约。
· China is a nation with a long history.
中国是一个历史悠久的民族。
· The Spring Festival is a national holiday in China.
春节是中国的法定假日。
· The Olympic Games are an international event.
奥运会是国际赛事。
nation n. 意为“国家；民族”，是可数名词。the United Nations (UN) 联合国；the Chinese nation 中华民族。
nation 的相关词：（1）national adj. 国家的；民族的
（2）international adj. 国际的
辨析：nation, country 与state
nation 民族群体 The festival is a symbol of the
nation’s traditional culture. 这个
节日是该民族传统文化的象征。
country 地域、国土（地理概念） She loves the natural beauty of her country. 她热爱祖国的自然美景。
state 国家政权、政府（政治概念） The state provides free education.
政府提供免费教育。
10 spread /spred/ n. 传播；散布 v. (spread, spread) 传播；散布（教材P13）
观察· The spread of online learning has changed education. 在线学习的普及已经改变了教育。
· The virus spreads easily among children.
这种病毒在儿童中容易传播。
· Don’t spread false news online.不要在网上传播虚假消息
· The city spreads across two sides of the river.
这座城市横跨河的两岸。
spread n. 意为“传播；散布”，the spread of ……的传播/ 蔓延。
spread 还可作动词，意为“传播；散布”。既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。过去式、过去分词均为spread。
spread 作动词的常见搭配：
（1） spread sth 传播/ 散布某物
（2） spread over/across 覆盖/ 遍布
（3） spread out 展开；铺开；分散
11 disease /d 'zi z/ n. 疾病（教材P13）
观察· Heart disease is more common in the elderly.
心脏病在老年人中更常见。
· He caught a rare disease when travelling.
他旅行时感染了一种罕见疾病。
· Washing hands can help prevent diseases.
洗手有助于预防疾病。
· He took care of his diseased mother at home.
他在家照顾患病的母亲。
· She missed school because of illness.
她因为生病没去上学。
disease n. 意为“疾病”。既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，复数形式为diseases。
disease 的常见搭配：
（1）catch/have a d isease 感染 / 患有疾病
（2）prevent a d isease 预防疾病
（3）spread a d isease 传播疾病
（4）a deadly/serious disease 致命 / 严重的疾病
diseased adj. 患病的；有害的
辨析：disease 与illness
disease 强调“生理/ 病理异常”，即医学上可诊断的“客观疾病状态”（有明确病理基础）。
illness 强调“个人主观感受”，即疾病引发的“不适、痛苦或功能受限”，更侧重“生病的感受”或过程（主观体验）。
12 balance /'b l ns/ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡（教材P14）
观察· Physical balance is key for athletes.
身体平衡对运动员很关键。
· The plan aims to keep a balance between cost and quality. 该计划旨在在成本与质量之间保持平衡。
· We need to balance the advantages and disadvantages.
我们需要权衡利弊。
· A balanced diet includes fruit, vegetables and grains.
均衡饮食包括水果、蔬菜和谷物。
balance n. 意为“平衡”，常见搭 配：
（1） keep a balance between... and... 使……与……保持平衡
（2）a balance of... ……的平衡
（3）lose one’s balance 失去平衡
balance 还可作动词，意为“保持平衡”。balance... with/and... 使……与……保持平衡。
balanced 是形容词，意为“均衡的”，a balanced diet 均衡饮食。
13 courage /'k r d / n. 勇气；勇敢（教材P14）
观察· No way is impossible to courage. 勇者无惧。[谚语]
· Failure is the mother of success. Take your courage.
失败是成功之母，鼓起你的勇气来。
· Tom finally had the courage to apologize for his mistake.
汤姆终于有勇气为他的错误道歉了。
· She never lost courage even when she faced repeated failures. 即便遭遇多次失败，她也从未失去勇气。
courage n. 意为“勇气；勇敢”，是不可数名词。
courage 的常见短语：（1）take courage 鼓起勇气
（2）have the courage to do sth 有勇气做某事
（3）lose courage 失去勇气 （4）lack courage 缺乏勇气
14 brave /bre v/ adj. 勇敢的；无畏的v. 勇敢面对；经受（困难）（教材P14）
观察· It’s brave of you to help the old man. 你帮助老人很勇敢。
· Are you brave enough to climb the mountain
你足够勇敢去爬山吗？
· The firemen braved the flames to rescue the family.
消防员们冒着火焰营救那家人。
· He fought bravely in the battle. 他在战斗中勇敢作战。
· His actions showed great bravery. 他的行为展现了极大的勇敢。
brave adj. 意为“勇敢的；无畏的”，既可作定语也可作表语，常用来修饰人。be brave to do sth 勇敢地做某事。
brave 可作名词，the brave，意为“勇敢的人”。
brave 还可作动词，意为“勇敢面对；经受（困难）”。
brave 的词性变化：（1）bravely adv. 勇敢地
（2）bravery n. 勇敢
15 necessary /'nes s ri/ adj. 必要的；必需的（教材P15）
观察· I find it necessary to take notes in class.
我发现在课堂上记笔记是有必要的。
· Her illness made it necessary for her to stay at home.
她的病使她有必要待在家里。
· Call me if necessary. 如果有必要，给我打电话。
· It’s necessary for students to follow school rules.
对学生来说，遵守校规是必要的。
· It’s necessary that he (should) learn to manage time.
他有必要学会管理时间。
necessary adj. 意为“必要的；必需的”，只能用来修饰物，不能修饰人。
necessary 的常见用法：
（1）be necessary for... 对……是必要的
（2） make it necessary (for sb) to do sth
使（某人）有必要做某事
（3）if necessary = i f it is necessary 如果有必要
（4） It is necessary (for sb) to do sth
（对某人来说）做某事是有必要的。
（5） It is necessary + that 从句（that 从句中常用“should +动词原形”，should 可省略，表虚拟语气）
16 western /'west n/ adj. 西方的；西部的（教材P15）
观察· Many people like travelling to western China.
很多人喜欢去中国西部旅行。
· There are many differences between Eastern and Western cultures. 东西方文化之间存在许多差异。
western adj. 意为“西方的；西部的”，通常作定语。
western作形容词，还可意为“西方国家的”。常写作Western
表示方位的名词加后缀-ern，可构成相应的形容词：
west（西方）→ western（西方的）
east（东方）→ eastern（东方的）
south（南方）→ southern（南方的）
north（北方）→ northern（北方的）
探究二 核心短语
Unit 2 Inspiring People
1 drop out (of sth) 辍学；不再参加（教材P12）
观察· The documentary tells the story of teens who dropped out of school and made their efforts to rebuild their lives. 这部纪录片讲述了辍学青少年努力重建生活的故事。
· She dropped out of the competition due to her illness.
她因生病退出了比赛。
· He dropped his friend off at the library.
他顺路把朋友送到了图书馆。
· If you’re in the neighborhood, feel free to drop by.
要是你在附近，随时可以顺路过来坐坐。
drop out (of sth) 意为“辍学；不再参加”。宾语多为“学校、课程、比赛、组织”等，drop out of school 辍学。其中drop 作动词，意为“放弃，停止”。
含drop 的其他常见短语：（1）drop off 顺路送；让……
下车（2）drop by 顺便访问（3）drop in on sb 顺便拜访
某人（4）drop in at sp 顺便走访某地
2 look up to sb 钦佩；仰慕（教材P14）
观察· She looks up to her elder sister as a role model.
她把姐姐当作榜样来敬仰。
· She looked up to the sky and noticed a flock of birds flying south. 她抬头看向天空，发现一群鸟儿正往南飞。
· Look out for the sharp corner! 小心那个尖角！
· Never look down on others. 永远不要轻视他人。
look up to 意为“钦佩；仰慕”，相当于admire。
to 是介词，其后可接名词或代词作宾语。
look up to 还可意为“仰起头看……”。
look 的其他常用短语：look back at 回顾
look for 寻找 look out for 当心/ 提防……
look after 照顾 look up 查阅
look forward to 期待 look down on/upon 看不起、轻视
3 come true 实现；成为现实（教材P15）
观察· His dream of becoming a doctor finally came true.
他当医生的梦想最终实现了。
· She achieved her dream of opening a small bookstore.
她实现了她开一家小书店的梦想。
辨析：come true 与achieve
come true 不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语，其主语一般是表示希望、愿望、梦想等的词。 make one’s dream come true = achieve one’s dream = realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想
achieve 及物动词，其主语通常是人，宾语可以是“实现”的目标、目的等，也可以是“达到”的胜利、成功、地位等。 敲黑板
不能说come true one’s dream，而是要表达为one’s dream will come true。
探究三 核心句式
Unit 2 Inspiring People
In order to help defeat his enemies, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to find the Yuezhi people. 为了帮助击败他的敌人，汉武帝派张骞去寻找月氏人。（教材P15）
分析结构 In order to help defeat his enemies 是目的状语，表示强调，放在句首。Emperor Wu 是主语，of the Han Dynasty 是介词短语修饰主语，sent 是谓语，Zhang Qian 是宾语，to find the Yuezhi people 是宾语补足语。
· In order to finish the group project on time, all students work together after class. 为了按时完成小组项目，所有同学课后一起努力。
· In order not to be late for class, Lucy sets two alarm clocks every night. 为了上课不迟到，露西每晚设两个闹钟。
· To improve his spoken English, Mike talks with his foreign teacher every week. 为了提高英语口语，迈克每周都和他的外教交谈。
· They left home at 5:30 a.m. so as to catch the early bus.
为了赶上早班车，他们早上 5 点半就出门了。
· In order that she can pass the exam, Lily studies every night. 为了能通过考试，莉莉每晚都学习。
· So that his parents will not worry, Tom calls home.
为了不让他的父母担心，汤姆给家里打了电话。
in order to do sth 作目的状语，说明主句动作的“目的”，即“为了做某事”。可位于句首（强调目的）或句末（自然陈述），句首时通常用逗号与主句隔开，句末时一般无需逗号。
目的状语的其他常用结构还有：(not) to do sth, so as (not) to do sth 等不定式短语和in order that..., so that... 等目的状语从句。(共34张PPT)
Section A Who do we
admire 自主学习
Unit 2 Inspiring People
1a Match the people with their professions. More than one option is possible.
writer historian professor teacher
researcher scientist chemist physicist
由“history（n. 历史）+ -ian（名词后缀）”构成。
由“research（v. 研究）+ -er（名词后缀）”构成。
writer ____ historian ____ professor ____ teacher ____
researcher ____ scientist ____ chemist ____ physicist ____
A
A
B C D
B C D
B C D
C D
C D
1b Listen to the conversations. Match the speakers with the people they admire.
1. Yaming ________________
2. Peter ________________
3. Fu Xing’s father ________________
4. Emma’s grandma ________________
5. Ms Gao ________________
Yuan Longping
Michael Faraday
Sima Qian
Marie Curie
Marie Curie
1c Listen again and complete the notes.
Yuan Longping Developed a new kind of rice and helped _________ hunger
Trained people to _____________ farming
a kind of 一种
reduce
do research on
Michael Faraday Did research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t ___________________________
Dropped out of school at an early age, but he ________________________ to study and became a great scientist
意为“即使；尽管”，相当于even if，用来引导让步状语从句，不能和but连用，但可以和yet/still 连用。
receive a formal education
found every chance
Sima Qian Was the _________ of the book Shiji (Records of the Historian)
_______________ in reviewing the Chinese calendar at that time
check the calendar查看日历/日程
update the calendar更新日程表
author
Played a big part
Marie Curie Made many important discoveries in _________ and chemistry
_________ Nobel Prizes
physics
Won two
1d What do you think about the people mentioned above Talk about who you admire and why.
All of them are worth admiring. I like Sima Qian best. He kept writing Shiji through hard times, and his book lets us know about ancient Chinese history—his perseverance is awesome.（答案不唯一）
2a Match the people with their achievements.
1. ______ was an important engineer in the 19th century.
2. ______ made important discoveries in physics.
3. ______ volunteered as a nurse to help the wounded soldiers.
4. ______ created a test to see if a computer could really think like a person.
B
A
C
D
2b Listen to the conversation. Who does each family member admire
1. Dad admires _______________________.
2. Mum admires _______________________.
3. Steve admires _____________________________.
Isambard Brunel
Florence Nightingale
Isaac Newton and Alan Turing
2c Listen again and circle the coloured words you hear to complete the notes.
Brunel built the first British railways/airways and many other important things
helped the UK develop into a modern/developed nation
Nightingale created/developed modern nursing
helped us understand the need for cleaner/better hospitals to stop the spread of diseases
Newton developed modern physics/science
Turing pioneer of computer science/technology
可数名词，其后常跟介词of或in，表示“……的 先锋/先驱”。Young Pioneer少先队员。
2d Match the people… are inspiring.
railway sea travel physics medicine
I think... is/are great/admirable/inspiring because...
It is/was… of/for...
3a Adam: Hi, everyone. Who is the person you admire the most
Yaming: My favourite person is I. M. Pei.
Adam: Did he design the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum
Yaming: Yes. It was very creative of him to design it. The Suzhou Museum is also one of his amazing designs. He created a beautiful balance between the East and the West.
Adam: Wow, you really know a lot about him!
Yaming: I read books and reports about him. I want to be a creative person like him.
Adam: What about you, Chen Jie Who inspires you
Chen Jie: Wang Yaping, of course, China’s first woman to walk in space. She is full of courage and wisdom.
“充满”，相当于be filled with。
She was also the first woman to teach a live class from space. What about you, Adam Who do you look up to
Adam: Me My biggest inspiration is not a famous person. It’s my father. It’s really very nice of him to support and encourage my exchange study here.
3b Listen to the conversation. Pay attention ... Then role-play the conversation.
3c Work in groups. Discuss who you admire and why. Use the words and expressions to help you.
creative brave amazing
inspiring full of courage full of wisdom
great curiosity dream big never give up...
Grammar Focus
4a Read the plete each sentence with a person you know of.
It was great of...to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger.
It was great of Yuan Longping to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger.
It was amazing that… did research in physics and chemistry even though…
It was amazing that Michael Faraday did research in physics and chemistry even though he didn’t receive a formal education.
It was difficult for…to do that kind of work back in those days.
It’s really very nice of… to support and encourage …
It was difficult for Marie Curie to do that kind of work back in those days.
It’s really very nice of Adam’s father to support and encourage his exchange study here.
It is always important (for...) to keep going in life.
It is always important (for everyone) to keep going in life.
4b Rewrite each sentence using the words in brackets.
1. We listen to our teacher’s advice. (helpful/necessary/important)
→ It is helpful/necessary/important for us to listen to our teacher’s advice.
思考：advice意为“建议”，是_______名词，同义单词为___________,是_______名词。
不可数
suggestion
可数
2. Tall trees can grow from tiny seeds. (amazing/interesting/ wonderful)
→ It is _____________________________________________________________________________________________.
It is amazing/interesting/wonderful that tall trees can grow from tiny seeds.
3. Confucius said that we should treat our elders with respect. (wise)
→ It was wise of _____________________________________________________________________________________________.
It was wise of Confucius to say that we should treat our elders with respect.
4. Professor Gui’s childhood dream of becoming a space scientist came true through his efforts and hard work. (inspiring)
→ It was inspiring that ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
It was inspiring that Professor Gui’s childhood dream of becoming a space scientist came true through his efforts and hard work.
5. Victor Hugo stood up for the common people he cared about. (brave)
→ It was brave of _________________________________________________________________________________.
定语从句，修饰the common people，省略了关系代词that。
It was brave of Victor Hugo to stand up for the common people he cared about.
4c Complete the passage with the correct sentence parts. In what ways do you find Zhang Qian inspiring Give your reasons.
A. It is important for us
B. It was really brave and admirable
C. It is always inspiring
D. It seemed impossible for him
______ to read about great people and learn their stories. Recently, I read about Zhang Qian, the pioneer of the famous Silk Road. In order to help defeat his enemies, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to find the Yuezhi people. Unfortunately, Zhang Qian was caught by the enemy.
被动语态
C
______ to finish his task or to return home. However, around 10 years later, he got a chance to run away, and he finally succeeded in finding the Yuezhi people.
get a chance to do sth得到机会做某事
succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
D
______ that he never forgot his task, and his travel also brought back valuable information about the Western Regions. Later, he was sent to these places again to build relationships. Stories like this give us power and inspiration. ______ to understand the past and find ways to do more for a better future.
B
A(共35张PPT)
Section B What makes
people admirable 自主学习
Unit 2 Inspiring People
1 Read the questions and give your answers.
A What
Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday
星期三
1a Look at the title of the text. What do you think a seed scientist does Do you think it is an interesting job
A seed scientist mainly engages in research related to plant seeds. Yes, it can be a very interesting job.（答案不唯一）
1b Read the text quickly. Who was the seed scientist What did he do
The Inspiring Seed Scientist
On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds.
定语从句
Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever.
make sure + that 从句 确保……；保证……
Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15.
be born in + 大地点/ 年份/ 月份 出生在某地/ 某年/ 某月
be born on + 具体日期 出生于某天
长难句分析：本句是一个简单句。主语是He，系动词是was，表语是an excellent student，entering university at the early age of 15 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，此时，现在分词短语补充说明主句的内容，间接体现主语的特征或属性。
There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University.
It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research on the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work.
在此处用作动词，意为“勇敢面对（危险或困难）”。
Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China.
Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.”
动词形式为explore，意为“探索”。
The seed scientist is Professor Zhong Yang. Zhong Yang made important contributions to seed research and plant diversity protection.
从教材语篇1b挖中考设问
新考法 语篇类型
What type of text is the passage
A. A science report. B. A biography.
C. A narrative. D. An advertisement.
B
1c Read again and match each paragraph with its topic.
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
A. Training local students to do important work
B. Introduction to Zhong Yang and seed banks
C. What he left behind
D. Becoming interested in seeds
E. Starting to work and collect seeds in Xizang
1d Fill in the blanks with the information from the text. Then put the events into the timeline and tell the story of Zhong Yang in your own words.
A. Zhong Yang was born.
B. He _______________ at the age of 15.
C. He began _______________ to train local students.
D. He died in _________.
entered university
a programme
2017
E. He studied ____________ and later ____________________.
F. He travelled around Xizang to ________________________.
G. Zhong Yang ____________: ats.
radio engineering
became interested in plants
collect seeds
略
A B E F C D
1e Explain the meanings of these sentences in your own words. Pay attention to the underlined words.
Using context
Using the sentence context may help you guess and learn the meanings of difficult words and phrases.
1. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights.
2. His love for his job and research lives on in his students.
He found it very hard to face the freezing weather and high-altitude places bravely.
His love for work and research still remains and is passed on to his students.
1f Discuss the questions.
1. Why did Zhong Yang want more people to do seed collection and research
Because Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work like seed collection and research. More people could help collect more seeds, supplement related research, and ensure the work continues to develop.
2. What made Zhong Yang admirable What can we learn from him
He was admirable because he spent his whole life working on seed research. He was brave enough to go through hard environments to collect seeds, and he tried to teach local students. We can learn to love our work, keep going when things are hard, and take the responsibility to pass on important work.（答案不唯一）
Vocabulary in Use
2a Circle the correct words to complete the sentences. Then write down more words ending with -ist, -er, and -ian.
1. When my sister grows up, she wants to become a science / scientist because she likes to find out how the universe works.
前必须加定冠词the。
2. The history / historian wrote a book about the successful development of socialism in China.
3. My favourite school subject is chemistry / chemist. I love mixing things together and learning why they change.
4. Some biology / biologist students at the university are studying how life on earth began.
5. Teng Fei likes physics / physicist very much, and he wants to be a scientific researcher / research in the future.
-ist: artist; dentist; pianist; journalist; socialist
-er: teacher; worker; writer; runner; singer
-ian: musician; physician; librarian; Canadian（答案不唯一）
2b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.
spread wise elder calendar radio
1. I heard about the latest discoveries about black holes on the __________.
2. Curiosity and __________ lead us to explore the secrets of the universe.
radio
wisdom
spread wise elder calendar radio
3. I would love to have lunch with you next week. Let me check my ________ to see if I am free.
4. You’d better wear a mask when you go out. The disease is ________, and the number of patients is going up.
5. Marie Curie’s ________ daughter, Irène, was also very interested in science and won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
calendar
spreading
elder
2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. Try to introduce Amelia Earhart in your own words.
look up to pioneer courage pilot come true encourage
Amelia Earhart was always a brave child, full of ____________. Her parents supported and ____________ her to be herself. After taking her first flight in a plane, she knew that she wanted to become a ____________ more than anything else in the world.
常用搭配：catch/miss a flight赶上/错过航班；
flight number航班号。
courage
encouraged
pilot
look up to pioneer courage pilot come true encourage
Later, she worked hard to pay for her own flying lessons. In 1922, she flew higher than any woman had done before. Earhart is best known for being a flight ____________ as the first woman to fly on her own across the Atlantic Ocean in 1932. She became famous around the world. Many people ____________ Earhart and find her an inspiring person because of her efforts to work hard and her ability to make her dreams ____________.
be known for…因……而闻名=be famous for…
pioneer
look up to
come true
从教材习题2c中学中考解题策略
语境分析法
在语篇中，选词填空是中考中常见的一种题型，它与完形填空题一样，首先要通读短文，了解文章的大意。答题时，要根据所给词，充分结合语境，遵从作者的思路，选择合适的词。最后，再回到短文中，结合前后文确定填写单词的具体形式，要把时态、语态、词形变化等因素考虑在内。如：第二空结合语境选择encourage，根据空前and可知，此处是与supported并列，故用encouraged。
3a Read an online post. Who does the writer admire Why
To me, one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history is Mozi (about 468-376 BCE). It is said that Mozi was a soldier, good at woodwork, and was the inventor of the kite. But in fact, above all, he was a great thinker.
inventor是由“invent（v. 发明）+ -or（名词后缀）”构成的，invent的详细讲解见U4。
Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. Back then, many kingdoms were fighting against each other. In these wars, the common people were always hurt. To Mozi, this had to stop, so he spent his life trying to bring peace.
spend time doing sth 花费时间做某事
His idea of love was one reason that Mozi wanted peace. It was important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. He also believed states should avoid attacking one another.
Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, his ideas live on. I think he is still a great inspiration to many people. Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of a shared future for mankind.
引导让步状语从句
a great inspiration to sb意为“对某人来说是极大的鼓舞 / 灵感来源”。
The writer admires Mozi, because he was a great thinker who spent his life trying to bring peace during the Warring States Period and his ideas of peace and love still inspire many people today.
3b Complete the chart using the information from the post.
thinker
Warring States
peace
everyone should show the same kindness and care to others, and states should avoid attacking one another
live on and inspire many people
hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of a shared future for mankind
3c Research a person in this unit or any other person that you find inspiring. Make notes in a chart like the one above.
略
3d Use your notes to write a post about the person you find inspiring.
略(共38张PPT)
探究一 核心单词
Unit 2 Inspiring People
1 scientific /sa n't f k/ adj. 科学（上）的（教材P16）
观察· It’s scientific for him to test the idea.
他验证这个想法的做法是科学的。
· Science is my favorite subject. 科学是我最喜欢的学科。
· Many scientists study climate change.
许多科学家研究气候变化。
scientific adj. 意为“科学（上）的”。a scientific experiment 科学实验。
scientific 的词形变化：（1）science n. 科学
（2）scientist n. 科学家
语境助记
I am interested in science and want to be a scientist, so I take part in many scientific activities. 我对科学感兴趣，并想成为一名科学家，所以我参加了许多科学活动。
2 whole /h l/ adj. 所有的；完全的（教材P16）
观察· She spent the whole day reading. 她花了一整天看书。
· All these flowers in the garden were planted by my grandma. 花园里所有这些花都是我奶奶种的。
辨析：whole 与all
whole 强调“完整性”，结构为“限定词+ whole + 名词”，后接集体名词或可数名词单数。
all 强调“总量”，结构为“all + 限定词+ 名词”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
3 radio /'re di / n. 无线电；收音机（教材P16）
观察· The rescuers carried portable radios to stay in touch in the mountain. 救援人员携带便携式无线电设备，以便在山里保持联系。
· This song is often played on the radio.
这首歌经常在电台播放。
· My grandfather listens to the news on the radio every morning. 我爷爷每天早上用收音机听新闻。
radio n. 意为“无线电；收音机”，是可数名词，其复数形式是radios。
有关radio 的短语：
（1）on the radio 通过无线电广播；通过收音机
（2）listen to the radio 听广播
（3）radio station 广播电台
（4）radio program 广播节目
有些以-o 结尾的名词在变为复数时直接在词尾加-s，如photo（照片），piano（钢琴），zoo（动物园），bamboo（竹子），kangaroo（袋鼠）等。
4 collection /k 'lek n/ n. 收集物；收藏品（教材P16）
观察· A collection of old coins was donated to the museum. 一批古硬币被捐赠给了博物馆。
· The collection of data took three months. 数据收集花了三个月。
· Clouds are collecting. It may rain. 云在聚集，可能要下雨。
· She collects dolls as a hobby. 她以收集玩偶为爱好。
· Antique collectors often visit this shop. 古董收藏者常来这家店。
collection n. 意为“收集物；收藏品”，是可数名词。还可意为“收集；收藏”，是不可数名词。
collection 的常见搭配：
（1）a collection of + 名词 一套 / 一批……
（2）art collection 艺术收藏品
（3）stamp collection 集邮
collection 的相关词：（1）collect v. 收集
（2）collector n. 收藏家；收集者
5 exploration /ekspl 're n/ n. 探索（教材P16）
观察· China has made great progress in space exploration in recent years. 中国近年来在太空探索领域取得了巨大进展。
· This research project focuses on the exploration of renewable energy resources. 这个研究项目聚焦于可再生能源的探索。
· They plan to explore the deep forest in South America next year. 他们计划明年去南美洲的茂密森林探索。
· The famous explorer Marco Polo traveled to China in the 13th century. 著名探险家马可·波罗在13 世纪前往中国旅行。
exploration n. 意为“探索”。是由explore（v. 探索）去e +
-ation（名词后缀）构成的。
exploration 的常见搭配：
（1）space exploration 太空探索
（2）scientific exploration 科学探索
explorer n. 探险者
6 herself /h 'self; h 'self/ pron. 她自己；她本人
观察· She bought herself a new dress for the party.
她给自己买了一条新裙子参加派对。
· She was not herself yesterday. 她昨天感到不舒服。
· Mary herself made the birthday cake for her mother.
玛丽亲自给妈妈做了生日蛋糕。
· She finished the difficult project by herself without any help. 她没靠任何帮助，独自完成了这个困难的项目。
herself 是反身代词，意为“她自己；她本人”。在句中常作宾语、表语或同位语。
由反身代词构成的常见短语：（1）by oneself 独自
（2）enjoy oneself 玩得开心；过得愉快
（3）teach oneself 自学 （4）help oneself to 自便
常用的反身代词有：
第一人称 单数：myself 我自己
复数：ourselves 我们自己
第二人称 单数：yourself 你自己
复数：yourselves 你们自己
第三人称 单数： himself 他自己；herself 她自己；
itself 它自己
复数： themselves 他们自己；她们自己；
它们自己
7 period /'p ri d/ n. 时期；一段时间（教材P19）
观察· That is the happiest period in my life.
那是我一生中最快乐的时期。
· She lived in Paris for a period of two years.
她在巴黎住过两年时间。
· We have a science period right after lunch.
午饭后我们有一节科学课。
· Remember to put a period at the end of each sentence.
记得在每个句子末尾加句号。
period n. 意为“时期；一段时间”，常用搭配：
（1）a period of time 一段时间/ 时期
（2）in the period of 在……期间
（3）long period 长期 （4）short period 短期
period 作名词，还可意为“学时，课；句号”。
8 kindness /'ka ndn s/ n. 善良（教材P19）
观察· Her kindness made everyone feel warm.
她的善良让每个人都感到温暖。
· He has done many kindnesses for others.
他为别人做了许多善事。
· It’s kind of you to lend me your umbrella.
你把伞借给我，真是太好了。
· Let’s show kindness to everyone we meet today.
让我们对今天遇到的每一个人都表现出善意。
· She always tries to return kindness to those who helped
her. 她总是努力把善意回馈给那些帮助过她的人。
kindness n. 意为“善良”，是由“kind（adj. 善良的）+ -ness（名词后缀）”构成的。一般用作不可数名词。其反义词为unkindness。表示多个善举时，可写作kindnesses。
由kindness 构成的短语有：
show kindness 表示善意 return kindness 回报善意
with kindness 友善地 out of kindness 出于善意
-ness 为名词后缀，表示“……的性质（或状态、特点）”，
一些形容词加后缀-ness 可构成名词。
ill → illness 疾病 shy → shyness 羞怯
sad → sadness 悲痛 happy → happiness 幸福；快乐
9 whether /'we (r)/ conj. 是否（教材P19）
观察· She asked whether we liked the movie.
她问我们是否喜欢这部电影。
· I will go whether it rains or not. 无论是否下雨，我都会去。
· Whether she will join us is still unknown.
她是否加入我们还不清楚。
· The problem is whether we have enough time.
问题是我们是否有足够的时间。
· He can’t decide whether to study science or art.
他无法决定学理科还是文科。
· Whether you like it or you don’t like it, you’ll have to do it. 不管你喜不喜欢，你都得做这件事。
whether conj. 意为“是否”，其具体用法：
（1） 引导宾语从句，有时可与if 互换，但引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语或与or not 连用时，一般用whether。
（2） 引导主语从句，不可用if 替代。一般位于句首。
（3） 引导表语从句 （4） whether to do
whether 作连词，还可意为“不管……（还是）；或者……
（或者）”。与or (not) 连用，引导让步状语从句。
探究二 核心短语
Unit 2 Inspiring People
1 leave behind 留下；遗留（教材P16）
观察· I left my keys behind at home. 我把钥匙忘在家里了。
· The team left their opponents far behind.
这支队伍把对手远远甩在后面。
· Don’t leave out any important details. 不要遗漏任何重要细节。
· They will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 他们明天将动身去北京。
· Leave her alone—she needs some space.
别打扰她，她需要一些空间。
leave behind 意为“留下；遗留”，后可接宾语。
由leave 构成的其他短语：（1）leave out 遗漏；省略
（2）leave for 动身前往 （3）leave... alone 不打扰；别碰
2 live on 继续存在；继续活着（教材P16）
观察· The hero’s story has lived on for hundreds of years.
这位英雄的故事已经流传了数百年。
· Pandas live mainly on bamboo. 熊猫主要以竹子为食。
· Her grandparents live on a small pension after retiring.
她的祖父母退休后靠微薄的退休金生活。
· They live in a small town. 他们住在一个小镇。
live on 的一词多义：（1）继续存在；继续活着
（2）以……为食 （3）靠……生活
含live 的其他常见词组：（1）live a... life 过……的生活
（2）live by... 靠……过活
（3）live in 居住在……（地方）
3 above all 最重要的是；尤其是（教材P19）
观察· Be kind, work hard, and above all, stay honest.
要善良，努力工作，最重要的是保持诚实。
· Don’t be too hard on him—he’s a child after all.
别对他太苛刻，他毕竟是个孩子。
· The trip cost $200 in all. 这次旅行总共花费了 200 美元。
· He doesn’t like playing sports at all. 他根本不喜欢做运动。
· First of all, let’s review the new words.
首先，让我们复习一下新单词。
· All in all, we should balance study and rest.
总而言之，我们应该平衡学习和休息。
above all 副词短语，意为“最重要的是；尤其是”，可位于句首，句中。
由all 构成的其他短语：
（1）after all 毕竟；终归 （2）in all 总计
（3）not at all 一点也不；根本不（用于否定句）
（4）first of all 首先 （5）all in all 总之
探究三 核心句式
Unit 2 Inspiring People
1 To me, one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history is Mozi (about 468-376 BCE). 对我而言，中国历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一是墨子 约公元前468 年—公元前 376 年）。（教材P19）
分析结构 本句是一个主系表结构的简单句。主语是one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history，系动词是is，表语是Mozi (about 468-376 BCE)。To me 是介词短语作状语，意为“对我而言”。one of ... 意为“……之一”。
· The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world.
长城是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。
· Chopsticks are one of the symbols of Chinese culture.
筷子是中华文化的象征之一。
· One of the heaviest animals in the world lives in the deep ocean. 世界上最重的动物之一生活在深海中。
· One of my classmates volunteers at the animal shelter every weekend. 我的一个同学每周末都在动物收容所做志愿者。
“ one of the +形容词最高级 +可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，当其作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
“one of + 限定词+ 可数名词复数”意为“……之一”，当其作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
2 It is said that Mozi was a soldier, good at woodwork, and was the inventor of the kite. 据说墨子曾是一名军人，擅长木工，还是风筝的发明者。
分析结构 “It is said + t hat 从句”，意为“据说……”，是一种被动语态的结构，It 为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。该结构用于传达一些普遍流传或被大家谈论的信息，但说话者并不确定信息的真实性。
· It is said that he is a very talented singer.
据说他是一位非常有才华的歌手。
· It is reported that a new bridge will be built across the river. 据报道，河上将建一座新桥。
· It is believed that hard work can lead to success.
人们相信努力工作能通向成功。
· It is known that the earth moves around the sun.
众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
It is said that... 意为“据说……”，that 后接完整的句子。其中It 作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。该句式从语义上相当于“People say that...”。
与此类似的句式还有：
（1） It is reported that... 据报道……
（2）It is believed that... 据信/ 人们认为……
（3）It is (well) known that... 众所周知……
（4） It is supposed that... 被认为/ 被假定/ 理应认为……

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