资源简介

(共18张PPT)
Unit 4
1. clarify v. 使清晰；阐明；澄清
如果你研究英国历史，可以澄清这个问题。
You can clarify this question if you study British history.
clarify one’s stand/ position 阐明某人的立场
[词形转换]
1）clarification n. 阐明；澄清
2. tendency n. 倾向；偏好；趋势
have a/ the tendency to do 有做某事的趋势
例如，我们可能容易感冒。
For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
[词形转换]
1）tend v. 往往会；常常就；趋向；倾向；易于；照料
tend to do 往往会发生某事；易于做某事
有些人会高估，有些人则低估。
Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate.
tend to/ towards… 倾向于…
tend to sb. 照顾某人
索菲亚在卧室照顾儿子。
Sofia was in the bedroom tending to her son.
3. occupy v. 使用，占用；侵占
occupy oneself in doing sth./ with sth. = be occupied in doing sth./ with sth. 忙于…
所有学生都忙于复习即将到来的考试课程内容。
All the students are occupied in going over their lessons for the coming examination.
[词形转换]
1）occupation n. 工作，职业；占据；使用；居住
under occupation 被占领
该地区被占领，大多数人已逃往其他地方。
The area is under occupation and most people have fled to other places.
2）occupied adj. 忙于；已占用的 keep sb. occupied 使某人忙起来
4. stare v. 盯着；凝视
stare at 盯着；凝视
南希盯着桌上的礼物，泪水顺着脸颊滑落。
Nancy stared at the gift on the table, with tears rolling down on her cheeks.
stare into one’s eyes 直视某人
5. distinguish v. 区分；使出众
distinguish A and B 区分A和B
distinguish A from B 区分A和B
很难分辨出一个双胞胎和另一个。
It was hard to distinguish one twin from the other.
distinguish oneself (as/ by/ for/ in…)（作为/因/在…）著名
袁隆平以农业科学家身份著称，对世界做出了巨大贡献。
Yuan Longping distinguished himself as a farming scientist, who made great contributions to the world.
[词形转换]
1）distinguished adj. 卓越的；杰出的；高贵的
be distinguished for 因…而著名
be distinguished as 作为…而出名
6. anxiety n. 焦虑；渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
[词形转换]
1）anxious adj.
① 焦虑到；不安的
be anxious for sb. 为某人焦虑
父母天生会为孩子感到焦虑。
Parents are naturally anxious for their children.
be anxious about sth. 为某事焦虑
你必须对即将到来的新体验既兴奋又焦虑。
You must be both excited and anxious about the new experiences that are in store for you.
② 渴望的；急切的
be anxious for… 渴望…
有很多毕业生渴望工作。
There are plenty of graduates anxious for work.
be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事；急于做某事
格林先生建议在酒店过夜，但他的孩子们急于在旅途中摄像。
Mr. Green suggested sleeping in the hotel, but his kids were anxious to cam during the trip.
2）anxiously adv. 焦虑地；不安地
7. embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；窘迫的
be embarrassed at/ about… 因…尴尬/难堪
露西为把陌生人当成同学而感到尴尬。
Lucy was embarrassed about mistaking the stranger for her classmate.
[词形转换]
1）embarrass v. 使尴尬，难堪
2）embarrassing adj. 让人难堪的
虽然尴尬，但他们成功应对了。
It was an embarrassing situation, but they carried it off.
3）embarrassment n. 尴尬，难堪，窘迫
to one’s embarrassment 令某人感到尴尬的是
8. ashamed adj. 羞耻的，惭愧的
be ashamed of (doing) sth. 因（做）某事感到羞愧
你应该为自己说这些谎而感到羞愧。
You should be ashamed of your self for telling such lies.
[词形转换]
1）shame n. 惭愧 v. 使惭愧
It is a shame/ pity…
2）shameful adj. 可耻的
[易混辨析] ashamed/ shameful
易混词 区别
ashamed 指人感到羞耻、惭愧、不好意思
shameful 指事情或行为本身可耻、不道德
9. call on
1）（短暂地）访问
去杭州的路上，我拜访了我在上海的一个大学室友。
On the way to Hangzhou, I called on one of my university roommates in Shanghai.
2）要求（某人讲话等）
现在我请主席在会议上发表讲话。
I now call on the chairman to address the meeting.
3）正式邀请；号召
我们呼吁各国人民携手建设人类命运共同体。
We call on the people of all countries to work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
10. bother
1）v.
① 花费时间/精力（做某事）[常用于否定句和疑问句]
bother about/ with sth. 为某事费心
你应该专注于任务，而不是在意个人的得失。
You should keep your mind on the task, not bother about personal gains or loses.
bother doing/ to do 费心做某事
你今天懒得给我准备晚饭;我去外面吃。
You don’t bother getting dinner for me today; I’ll eat out.
Why bother… 干嘛要费事（…）？
② 使烦恼
bother sb. (with/ about sth.) （拿某事）烦扰某人
我不想用我的困难打扰你。
I don’t want to bother you with my hardship.
It bothers sb. to do/ that… …使某人烦恼
让我难过的是，我最好的朋友已经沉迷于玩游戏。
It bothers me that my best friend has become addicted to playing games.
2）n. 麻烦
put sb. to any bother 给某人添乱子
我不想给你添麻烦。
I don’t want to put you to any bother.
11. conflict
1）n. 武装冲突，战斗，战争；争执；抵触；矛盾
in conflict (with…)（与…）有冲突，有抵触
员工们已经因为裁员问题与管理层发生了冲突。
Employees are already in conflict with management over the job cuts.
2）v.（两种思想、信仰、说法等）冲突，抵触
conflict with… 与…冲突/抵触
这些结果与早期发现相矛盾。
These results conflict with earlier findings.
12. adjust v. 适应；（使）习惯；调整；调节；整理
adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth.（使某人自己）适应（做）某事
他迅速适应了乡村的炎热。
He adjusted himself quickly to the heat of the country.
adjust…(to sth.)（根据某事物）对…进行调节
她花了一段时间才适应独自生活。
It took her a while to adjust to living alone.
[词形转换]
1）adjustable adj. 可调节的，可调整的
这就是可调节的安全带。
This is the adjustable seat belts.
2）adjustment n. 调整；适应
make adjustment(s) to… 对…进行调整
他们应该适应新的环境。
They should make adjustment to the new environment.
12. react v.
1）起反应；回应；过敏
react to sth. (by doing sth.)（通过做某事）对…做出反应
react to… 对…过敏
有些人对某些食物反应很差。
People can react badly to some food.
react against 对抗…
2）起化学反应
react with… 与…起化学反应
铁会与水和空气反应产生锈蚀。
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
[词形转换]
1）reaction n. 反应
in reaction to… 对…做出反应

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