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(共23张PPT)
Unit 5 First Aid
Learning about language
人教版2019选择性必修二
Learning objectives
By the end of this period, you will be able to
1. know more about the -ing form.
2. analyze the sentence structures and get the right answers.
3.make a conclusion about how to use the -ing form properly.
观察思考：
1.Being late for class made him embarrassed.
2.The girl enjoyed being the focus of attention.
3.The news that he has won the match is exciting.
4.The old man sitting under a tall tree is telling a story.
5.The boy thought the film quite disappointing.
6.He has made great progress in English, making him very happy.
主动语态 被动语态 肯定式 否定式 肯定式 否定式
一 般式 doing not doing being done not being done
完成式 having done not having done having been done not having been done
动词 -ing 形式的特点：表____________；在句中做
_________________________________________。
主动、进行
主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语
V-ing形式作主语和it作形式主语
观察思考
1.Facing up to your problem rather than running away from them is the best way of working things out.
直面问题而不是逃避是解决他们的最佳途径。
2.To stop the work now seems impossible.
现在把工作停下来似乎不可能。
3. It is impossible to finish the job in one day.
在一天内完成工作是不可能的。
4.It’s no good worrying about it now.
现在为此发悉愁是没用的。
5.It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
归纳总结
①动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的，经常的或抽象的动作，而不定式作主语则表示具体的，一次性的或尚未发生的动作。
②动词-ing 形式作主语时，为了避免出现头重脚轻的现象，往往用it 作形式主语，而真正的主语则是后面的动词-ing 形式。
③动词-ing形式作主语用it代替时，充当表语的通常是no good, no use, no fun, no pleasure, a waste of time 等。
即学即练
①_______ (learn ) a foreign language is very useful to everyone.
②It is quite easy for him_______(work) out the problem.
③It is a waste of time _____(try) to persuade him to change his mind.
④It is no pleasure _____(be)with such a man as him.
Learning
to work
trying
being
动词-ing 和不定式作表语的区别
当主语是表示义务，责任，工作等的内容的名词作主语时，通常用动词-ing作表语, 当主语是表示计划，安排，目标，梦想等名词作主语时，通常用不定式作表语。
His job is taking care of the flowers and vegetables in their backyard.
他的工作是照管他家后院的花草和蔬菜。
My duty is watching over these children.
我的责任是照顾这些孩子。
His dream is to land on the moon some day.
他的梦想是有朝一日能够登上月球。
Our aim is to help those who are interested in English improve their oral English.
我们的目标是帮助对英语感兴趣的人提高他们的英语口语。
V-ing形式作表语
观察思考
①My favourite sport is swimming.
我最喜欢我体育运动是游泳。
②The result is very disappointing.
这个结果非常令人失望。
③The cup is broken, so he is very sad.
杯子烂了，因此他很难过。
④She is to look after the children.
她负责照顾这些孩子。
⑤Not a single person was to be seen in the dark street.
在漆黑的街道上一个人也看不到。
归纳总结
①动词-ing形式作表语时有两个用法：一是说明主语的内容，二是说明主语的性质、特征，常译作“令人感到...的”，相当于形容词作表语。前一个用法作表语时，和主语的位置互换后，句意不变；而后一用法作表语是，不可以和主语互换位置。
②动词-ed形式作表语通常是表示主语的状态，状况，常译作“感到...的”。
③不定式作表语通常表示将来的动作，命令、计划、安排、可能性、义务、责任等。
即学即练
①His hobby is _________ (collect) coins.
②Collecting coins is __________(interest) for him.
③I am ______(call) them once I reach the airport.
④The sports meeting is _______(take) place next week.
collecting
interesting
to call
to take
动词-ing形式作宾语
动词-ing形式作通常作及（短语）动词或介词之后作宾语。
Do you mind passing me that dictionary
你介意把字典递给我吗？
After he finished reading the story, he went shopping with his father.
读完这个故事后，他和爸爸去购物了。
Do you object to working on Sundays
你反对周日上班吗？
归纳总结
①除了mind, finish, enjoy, practice等动词外，后面必须跟动词-ing作宾语的动词还有 suggest, imagine, admit, allow 等。
②除了object to, feel like, give up等短语动词之外，后面必须跟动词-ing作宾语的短语还有put off, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to 等。
① 接动词-ing作动词宾语, 常见的这类动词有：
避免错过少延期 avoid，miss，delay/put off /postpone
建议完成多练习 advise/ suggest/recommend/propose，finish，practise
喜欢想像禁不住 enjoy/appreciate，imagine/fancy/anticipate，can’t help
承认否定与忌妒 admit，deny，envy
逃避冒险莫原谅 escape，risk，excuse/forgive
忍受保持不介意 stand/bear/tolerate，keep，mind
考虑阻止与抵制 consider/think of/think about, stop/prevent, resist
即学即练
①As more and more wild land has been turned into farmland, the monarch butterflies(帝王蝶) have had trouble ______(find) enough millkweed.
②I’d advise ______(buy) your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.
③Have you considered ________(accept) his invitation to the birthday party
④He is always devoted to _______ (serve)the people heart and soul.
⑤I’m looking forward to _______(receive) your letter soon.
finding
buying
accepting
serving
receiving
②既可跟动词-ing又可跟动词不定式的动词和短语动词
1.后跟动词-ing 和动词不定式意义区别不大的动词：like,intend, love等。
2.既可跟动词-ing,又可跟动词不定式并且意义不同的动词：
｛
｛
｛
｛
｛
｛
{
forget to do sth忘记去做某事
forget doing sth忘记做过某事
regret to do sth遗憾地做某事
regret doing sth后悔做了某事
try to do sth 尽力去做某事
try doing sth尝试做某事
mean to do sth 打算/想要做某事
mean doing sth意味着
go on to do sth接着做另一件事
go on doing sth 继续做同一件事
can’t help (to)do sth不能帮忙做某事
can’t help doing sth禁不住做某事
stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事
stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情
即学即练
①I didn’t mean _____(eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help ______(try) it.
②He went back to lock the door but he found it locked when he got home. “Oh! I forgot ______ (lock) it already，”he said to himself.
③He was so tired that he stopped ______ (have) a rest.
④After he finished his homework, he went on ______(give) his room a thorough cleaning.
to eat
trying
locking
to have
to give
观察思考
These flowers need watering.
=These flowers need to be watered.
This place is worth visiting.
=This place is worthy of a visit/being visited.
归纳总结
①动词need, want ,require表示“需要”，其后跟动词- ing 形式的主动形式（doing） 或动词不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示“ 事情需要被做”。
②be worth后用动词-ing形式作宾语，构成be worth doing;而 be worthy 后面的非谓主动词用被动形式，构成be worthy of being done 或be worthy to be done.
即学即练
①The roof of the houst needs ___________________(mend).
②The novel is well worth _______(read)again.
→The novel is really worthy __________ (read)again.
→The novel is really worthy of __________(read).
③The plants want __________________(water)daily.
mending/to be mended
reading
to be read
being read
watering/to be watered
动词-ing形式作定语
观察思考
Can you see the swimming girl 你能看见那个正在游泳的女孩吗？
She trains five times a week at the local swimming pool.
她一周在当地的游泳池训练5次。
The girl swimming there is his daughter.
正在那边游泳的女孩是他的女儿。
归纳总结
①动词-ing形式作定语置于名词前面有两种情况：一种是表示被修饰的名词正在进行的状态或动作，被称作现在分词；另一种是表示被修饰的名词的性能、用途，被称作动名词。
②动词-ing短语形式作定语时要放在所修饰名词的后面，单独一个动词-ing形式作定语时通常要放在被修饰的名词的前面。
即学即练
①My parents bought a _______(wash)machine the other day in the supermarket.
②The boy ______(play)with his dog in the backyard is named Tom.
③While camping in the forest, the group of boys slept in their _______(sleep)bags.
washing
playing
sleeping
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
观察思考
①I smelt something burning.我闻到有东西烧糊了。
②Did you hear the clock striking？你听见钟敲响了吗？
③I heard him lock the door.我听见她锁门了。
归纳总结
感官动词与感官短语动词（see, watch, notice, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel）后面的宾语和宾语补足语之间表示主动、进行的动作时，用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语；当感官动词与感官短语动词后面后面的宾语和宾语补足语表示主动、完成的动作时，用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
使役动词have和get后的宾语补足语
观察思考
Don’t have the water running while brushing your teeth.
刷牙时别让水一直流。
Don’t get him talking about his illness.
别让他一直谈论他的病。
Who had you come in 谁让你进来的？
You can get someone else to help you.你可以请别人来帮你。
归纳总结
使役动词have和 get都可用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语即have sb/sth doing=get sb/sth doing,意思是“让某人或某物一直做某事”。
注意！
①have sb/sth do sth=get sb/sth to do sth 意思是“让某人或某物一直做某事。”
②have sb/sth doing sth 用在否定句中意思是“不能容忍某人或某物做某事”。
即学即练
①I could feel the wind ________(blow) on my face.
②Can you really get that old car _____(go) again.
③I couldn’t have her ______(tell)lies again and again.
④You’ll never get him ___________(understand).
blowing
going
telling
to understand
动词-ing形式作状语
观察思考
①The boy came running into the house.
男孩跑进房子里。
②Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
听到消息，他们都高兴地跳了起来。
③Being a student, he was naturally interested in history.
由于是学生，他自然地对历史感兴趣。
④He studied very hard, making great progress in English.
他学习非常努力，英语取得了很大进步。
⑤Working hard, you are sure to make your dream come true.
只要你努力学习，你一定会实现你的梦想的。
⑥Having failed many times, he doesn’t lose heart.
尽管失败了很多次，他并没有灰心。
归纳总结
动词-ing形式作状语，常表示时间、伴随、原因、结果、条件、让步等，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
即学即练
①Over 1,000 people were there ________(watch) the match.
②______(see) nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
③He drove his car after drinking a lot of wine, ______(result) in a serious accident.
④The man entered the room with some books in his hand, ________ (follow) his son.
⑤_____(be) ill in bed, he was unable to go camping with his classmates.
⑥_______(walk)in the street with his wife, he had his phone stolen.
watching
Seeing
resulting
following
Being
Walking
使用动词-ing形式的注意事项
观察思考
①Reading carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before.
仔细阅读时，他发现了一些他以前不知道的东西。
②Being surrounded by her families, Emily gained her strength.
被家人包围着，埃米莉获得了力量。
③Having finished her homework, she went out to play.
完成作业后，她出去玩了。
④Having been trapped in traffic, he was later for work.
由于堵车，他上班迟到了。
⑤Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
因为不知道她的地址，我们没法和她联系。
⑥I hope you don’t mind my saying that.
我希望你不介意我那么说。
总结归纳
①动词-ing形式有一般式（主动式：doing,被动式：being done）和完成式（主动式：having done被动式：having been done）两种。
②动词-ing形式的一般式表示其动作与谓语动词的动作（几乎）同时发生，完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生。
③动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。
④动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not构成。
⑤动词-ing形式前面有时加名词所有格，物主代词或人称代词的宾格，表示该动作的发出者或实施者。
即学即练
①___________________(hear) the good news, they burst into cheers.
②___________(fail) twice, he didn’t want to try again.
③_______________(take) around the school, we were then taken to the lake.
Hearing/Having heard
Having failed
Having been taken

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