资源简介

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
Section B Why do we explore nature？知识点
一、单元词汇
单词 Section B1. n. 攀登者，登山者2. adj. 北部的，向北的3. n. 距离，遥远4. v. 生存，存活，艰难度过5. n. 状态，境况6. n.度，度数，程度7. n.悬崖，峭壁8. adj.可能变化的，易变的，常变得9. n. 死亡，毁灭，破灭10. adj. 有决心得，坚决的11. prep. 在或向...上面，超过adv.在或向上面，在或向高处，超过12. n.同队队员，队友13. n.肩膀，肩部14. n. 梯子，阶梯，途径15. v. 测量，量度为 n.措施，度量单位16. adv. 成功地，顺利地17. v.使...冒风险或面临风险 n.危险，风险18. n. 好奇心，求知欲19. n. 追求得目标，野心，雄心20. n. 探险者，勘探者21. adv. 仅仅，只，简单地 22. adj. 有风险或危险的23. adj. 南部得，向南的24. adj. 位于，坐落在25. adj. 淡水的，淡水中生长的26. n. 类型，种类27. v. 吸引，招引，引起反应28. adj. 好奇的，求知欲强的29. n. 旅行者，游客30. adj. 水下的，用于水下的 adv. 在水下31. adj. 东北的，东北方向的32. n. 海岸，海滨33. n. 珊瑚，珊瑚虫34. n. 礁，礁脉35. v. 包含，包括36. n. 沙子37. adj. 活着，在世，有活力38. n. 结构体，构造，体系39. n. 沙子40. v. 使用呼吸管潜泳 n.浮潜用的呼吸管41 n 海龟,龟42 n 一生，终生
短语 Section B1. 感觉像，想要2. 能，能够3. 触摸填空4. 到达顶部5. 在恶劣的条件下生存下来6. 从北部，从北边7. 死亡之路8. 下定决心做某事9. 到达，抵达10. 拉上来，往上拉 11. 一点一点的，逐渐地12. 成功做到13. 国旗14 第一次15. 冒着生命危险16. 多远17. 多沉18 多久一次19. 多大20. 不同种类的动物21. 吸引了很多好奇的游客22. 自然奇迹23. 占据24. 地球之肺
二、单元重点、难点、考点精讲
Section B
【考点1】On the highest place on earth，you will feel like you are able to touch the sky.
【解析】
feel like 的用法：
用法一：想要某物或想做某事。相当于want，表达的是一种意愿或渴望
结构：feel like sth或feel like doing sth.
接名词：
I feel like a cup of coffee. 我想喝杯咖啡
接动词-ing形式：
I don't feel like going out tonight. I'm too tired. 我今晚不想出去，太累了。
He felt like staying in and reading a book. 他想呆在家里看书。
用法二：表示身体或精神上的“感觉”描述你当下的身体感觉或情绪状态。
结构： feel like + 名词 / 句子
感觉自己是...（某种状态或角色）:
After that workout, I feel like a new man. 那次锻炼之后，我感觉自己像换了个人。
You're so kind to me. I feel like a princess. 你对我真好，我感觉自己像个公主。
感觉像...（某种情况）: 后面常接一个完整的句子。
It feels like it's going to rain. 感觉快要下雨了。
I feel like I'm forgetting something. 我感觉我忘了什么东西。
用法三：表示“摸起来像...”某种材质或感觉
描述某物通过触感给人的印象。
结构： 主语（某物） + feel like + 名词
This fabric feels like silk. 这布料摸起来像丝绸。
The table's surface feels like wood, but it's actually plastic. 桌面摸起来像木头，但其实是塑料。
Your forehead feels like you have a fever. 你的额头摸起来像是在发烧。
用法四：表示“觉得好像是...”（表达一种不确定的判断或猜测）
相当于 “It seems to me that...”，用来委婉地表达你的观点或猜测。
结构： I feel like + 句子
I feel like we've met before. 我觉得我们好像以前见过。
I feel like he is hiding something from us. 我觉得他好像有什么事瞒着我们。
I feel like this is a bad idea. 我觉得这似乎是个坏主意。
【考点2】 But only the best climbers reach the top，and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first.
【解析】
1.reach 的用法：
作动词 过去式：reached 第三人称单数形式：reaches
（1）到达，抵达
We reached the airport just in time.我们刚好准时到达了机场。
（2）伸手去碰或拿
Can you reach that book on the top shelf for me 你能帮我够到书架顶层的那本书吗
（3）达成，达到
They reached an agreement. 他们达成了协议。
The temperature is expected to reach 35°C tomorrow.预计明天气温将达到35摄氏度。
做名词
伸手可及的距离，范围，臂展
Keep the medicine out of the reach of children.把药放在儿童够不到的地方。
常见搭配：
out of （sb’s）reach 够不着
within （sb’s）reach 够得着
辨析：做“到达”意思 reach 与arrive 的区别：
单词 reach arrive
词性 及物动词 不及物动词
核心用法 后面直接接宾语（地点）。 后面不能直接接宾语，必须借助介词in或者at连接。
结构 reach + 地点 arrive in + 大地方 (城市、国家)
arrive at + 小地方 (机场，学习，村庄，酒店，车站等)
例句 We reached Beijing at 10 pm.
我们晚上十点到达北京。 We arrived in Beijing at 10 pm.
我们晚上十点到达北京。
Please arrive at the airport early.
请提前到达机场。
2 only if 只有...才...”；“必须在...条件下才...”
I will go to the party only if you go too.（我只有在你也去的情况下才会去那个派对。）
You will succeed only if you work hard.（你只有努力才会成功。）
survive
动词，过去式：survived
（1）不及物动词，幸存，活下来，表示在灾难、事故、重病等艰难情况后依然活着。
After the plane crash, only two passengers survived.（空难之后，只有两名乘客幸存。）
（2）及物动词，从...中幸存下来，后面接所经历的灾难、事故、疾病等。
结构： 主语 + survive + 灾难/事件
She survived the car accident with only minor injuries.（她在车祸中幸存下来，只受了轻伤。）
（3）艰难度过指成功地应对并度过一段不愉快的经历。
结构： 主语 + survive + 困难时期
Our company managed to survive the financial crisis.（我们公司成功度过了金融危机。）
（4）及物动词：靠...维持生命，在...条件下生存表示依靠少量或特定的东西生活下来。
结构： 主语 + survive on + 食物/金钱
The refugees have to survive on one meal a day.（难民们不得不靠一天一顿饭维持生命。）
It’s hard to survive on such a low salary in this expensive city.（在这个物价高昂的城市，靠如此低的薪水生活很困难。）
（5）及物动词：比...活得长表示某人去世后，另一个人还活着。
结构： A + survive + B （A 比 B 活得长）
She survived her husband by ten years.（她比她的丈夫多活了十年。）
简单记忆口诀：
“从天灾人祸（中）幸存，靠微薄之物生存，比亲人友人长生，度艰难时期余生。”
【单词变形】
survival (n.) - 生存，幸存
The doctor said his survival was a miracle.（医生说他的幸存是一个奇迹。）
survivor (n.) - 幸存者，生还者
She is a cancer survivor.（她是一位癌症幸存者。）
【考点3】On the mountain，the temperature can fall to -30 degrees.
【解析】
degree 作名词
（1）度，度数（角的量度单位）可数名词
An angle of 90 degrees is called a right angle. 90度的角称为直角
（2）度，度数 （温度单位） 可数名词
three degrees below zero / minus three degrees
（3）程度
Her job demands a high degree of skill. 她的工作要求高超的技能。
（4）（大学）学位 可数名词
He got a degree in history/ a history degree. 她有历史学位。
常见搭配
by degrees： 逐渐地，一步一步地
His health improved by degrees.他的健康逐渐好转了。
to what degree： 到什么程度（用于疑问句）
To what degree did the weather affect the game 天气对比赛的影响到了什么程度？
third-degree burn： 三度烧伤（最严重的烧伤等级）
【考点4】 Mountain climbers even called that way “Death Road”，but a Chinese team was determined to make the climb.
【解析】
1.death 名词，死亡，破灭，毁灭
The death of his father was a great blow to him. 他父亲的去世对他是一个巨大的打击
【单词变形】
（1）die 动词 死亡 ，停止运转 过去式：died 过去分词：died 现在分词：dying
常见搭配：
die of： 通常死于疾病、饥饿、衰老等内部原因。
He died of a heart attack. 死于心脏病
In the past, many people died of hunger 死于饥饿
die from： 通常死于外伤、事故等外部原因。
He died from a gunshot wound. 死于枪伤
She died from her injuries in the car crash. 死于车祸中受的伤
die for： 为...而死（通常是为事业、国家等）
He was willing to die for his country. 为国而死
die out： 灭绝，逐渐消失（指物种、习俗）
Many ancient traditions are dying out.. 古老的习俗渐渐消失。
die down： （风、声音、情绪）逐渐减弱，平息
The storm finally died down. 暴风雨逐渐减弱了
die hard： （观念、习惯）难以改变，根深蒂固
Old habits die hard. 积习难改
（2）dead
做形容词，死亡的，不运转的
They found a dead bird in the garden.他们在花园里发现了一只死鸟。
The battery is dead.电池没电了。
做名词，死人，死者
A church service was held in memory of the dead. 教堂举行仪式，纪念死者
做副词，完全地，确实地 ，非常，绝对
Your are dead right. 你完全正确
deadly 做形容词 致命的，
The cobra is a deadly snake.眼镜蛇是致命的毒蛇。
（3）dying 既可做现在分词，也可单独用作形容词，将死的，垂死的
She stayed by her dying father's bedside.她守在她垂死的父亲床边。
常见搭配：
be dying for sth 或着 be dying to do sth 渴望做某事
I'm dying for a cup of coffee.我真想喝杯咖啡。
She's dying to know what happened.她迫切地想知道发生了什么。
2 determined 形容词 下定决心的 决意的，坚定的
He is a very determined young man.他是一个意志非常坚定的年轻人。
be determined to do sth 决心做某事She is determined to succeed.
她决心要取得成功。
【单词变形】
determine 动词 过去式：determined
（1）查明，确定
The police have not yet determined the cause of the accident.警方尚未确定事故原因。
（2）决定，影响
The weather will determine whether we have the picnic or not.天气将决定我们是否去野餐。
determination 名词形式 决心，查明
【考点5】It was 8,600 meters above sea level.
【解析】
above
作介词 反义词：below
（1）在....上方（不接触），在高处
The picture is hanging above the fireplace.画挂在壁炉上方。
We were flying above the clouds.我们在云层之上飞行。
There is a light above the table.桌子上方有一盏灯。
（2）表示数量、年龄、价格等：高于，超过
The temperature is above 30 degrees Celsius today.今天气温超过30摄氏度。
This work is for children above the age of ten.这项工作适合十岁以上的儿童。
（3） 表示等级、重要性：高于，优于
Health should come above wealth.健康应重于财富
（4）表示品质、能力：超出...的范围
That's above my understanding. 那超出了我的理解能力。
2 作副词
（1）在（或向）上面，在较高处
See the examples given above.请参考上面给出的例子。
（2）（数量、年龄等）超过
This book is suitable for children aged 10 and above.
这本书适合10岁及以上的儿童。
3 作形容词，上文提及的”、“上面的”
Please refer to the above diagram.请参考上面的图表。
【考点6】Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders.
【解析】
1 step
做名词，可数名词
（1）步子，步伐，脚步声，一步的距离，台阶
He took a step forward.他向前迈了一步。
We heard steps outside. 我们听到外面有脚步声
Be careful, the steps are slippery.小心，台阶很滑。
（2）步骤，措施（指过程中的一个阶段或一个行动）
We must take steps to improve the situation.
我们必须采取措施来改善局面。
短语：step by step
逐步地，一步一步地
Don't worry, I'll explain it to you step by step. 被担心，我一步步解释给你听。
做动词，过去式：stepped 现在分词stepping迈步，踩，踏，行走
He stepped into the room. 他走进了房间。
2.shoulder
做名词，可数名词，肩膀，肩部
She carried her bag over her shoulder.她把包挎在肩上
短语：shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 ，齐心协力地
做动词，肩扛，肩挑 （比喻意义的）肩负（责任，重担）
The farmer shouldered the heavy bag and walked off.农夫扛起沉重的袋子走了。
She shoulders most of the blame for the failure.她承担了失败的大部分责任。
【考点7】Bit by bit，the climbers pulled themselves up，and they made it past the Second Step.
【解析】
1 pull up
（1）使车辆停下
The car pulled up outside the house.那辆小汽车停在了房子外面。
（2）提高，提升
She pulled up her socks. 她把袜子往上提了提。
2.make it
(1).成功做到，达成目标
You're smart and determined; I'm sure you'll make it.你既聪明又坚定，我相信你会成功的。
If we run, we can make it to the train.如果我们跑过去，还能赶上火车。
（2）.在困境中幸存下来；渡过难关
The doctors said he was very ill, but they think he'll make it.医生说他病得很重，但他们认为他能挺过来。
(3).用于鼓励：You'll make it! / You can make it!
常见的口头鼓励，意为“你会成功的！”、“你能做到的！”或“你能赶上的！”。
Don't give up! You can make it!别放弃！你能做到的！
Hurry up, the bus is coming! You'll make it!快点，公交车来了！你能赶上的！
【考点8】Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain
in the world？
【解析】
risk
（1）做名词，危险，风险，危险的人或带来危险的事物，危险因素
The company cannot afford to take any risk.公司承担不起任何风险。
Smoking is a major risk to your health.吸烟对健康是一个主要的危险
常见搭配：
at risk： 处于危险中 take a risk： 冒险
（2）做为动词，过去式：risked
冒...的危险，使...面临风险
risk one’s life （to do sth）冒生命危险做某事
He risked his life to save the child from the fire.他冒着生命危险从火海中救出孩子。
risk doing sth 冒险做某事
They risked losing everything.
他们冒着失去一切的风险。
形容词形式：risky 有风险的，有危险的
【考点9】It is because human curiosity and ambition can not be stopped.
【解析】
1.human
(1).做名词，泛指人类，人，也可用（human being），相对动物，植物，机器等而言的人类
通常用复数形式 humans 来指代一个或多个具体的人
Humans are responsible for protecting the environment.人类有责任保护环境。
Could a computer ever have the same emotions as a human 电脑能拥有和人一样的情感吗？
(2).做形容词 人的，人类的，人本性的，有人情的
human body （人体）
It's only human to make mistakes.犯错是人之常情。
2.curiosity
（1）好奇心，求知欲，不可数名词
Children are full of curiosity about the world around them.孩子们对周围的世界充满了好奇心。
常见搭配:
Out of curiosity 出于好奇
（2）珍奇的事物，奇物；奇特的人，此时为可数名词，复数形式：curiosities
This old map is a real curiosity.这张旧地图真是件稀奇玩意儿
The museum has a cabinet of curiosities.博物馆有一个珍品柜。
【单词变形】
1.curious形容词
（1）求知欲强的，好奇的
be curious about sth
I'm really curious about Chinese culture.我对中国文化非常好奇。
be curious to + 动词原形好奇地想做...
I'm curious to see what will happen next.我很好奇接下来会发生什么。
（2）稀奇古怪的，不寻常的
There was a curious noise coming from the attic.从阁楼传来一种奇怪的噪音。
2.curiously副词
（1）好奇地
She looked at him curiously, wondering what he meant.
她好奇地看着他，想知道他是什么意思。
（2） 奇怪地，说来也怪（常用于句首，修饰整个句子）
Curiously, no one noticed that I was late.奇怪的是，没人注意到我迟到了。
The book was, curiously, exactly what I needed.说来也怪，那本书正是我需要的。
【考点10】Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it，it is simply“because it is there.”
【解析】
1. put it 表述，陈述，表达，用于引出一个陈述、解释或观点。
（1）To put it simply / bluntly / frankly...（说得简单点/直接点/坦白点...）
To put it simply, we need more money.简单地说，我们需要更多钱。
（2）To put it another way（换句话说）
He's very frugal. To put it another way, he hates spending money.他很节俭。换句话说，他讨厌花钱。
（3）as I put it（正如我所说的）
The situation, as I put it earlier, is getting worse.正如我之前说的，情况正在恶化。
（4）how should I put it = 我该怎么说呢？
How should I put it I’m not really interested.我该怎么说呢？我其实不感兴趣。
2.simply 副词
（1）（强调简单 ）仅仅，只，不过，只是...而已
It's simply a question of time.这仅仅是个时间问题。
Don't get angry; I was simply making a suggestion.别生气，我只是提个建议。
（2）简单地，简朴地，朴素地
Please explain it simply.请简单地解释一下。
She dresses simply, without much jewelry.她穿着朴素，不怎么戴首饰。
（3）简直，完全，确实（用于强调）
The view is simply wonderful.那景色简直美得令人窒息。
That's simply not true!那根本不是真的
【考点11】how 组成的短语辨析：
疑问短语 核心功能 例句
How far 询问距离或程度 How far is it from your home to the office
We don't know how far the rumors have spread.
How heavy 询问重量 How heavy is your suitcase Can you guess how heavy that elephant is
How large 询问大小、规模或面积 How large is the company you work for
He was amazed by how large the park was.
How big 询问大小、规模或程度 (与large常互换) How big is your new apartment
You wouldn't believe how big the crowd was!
How often 询问频率 How often do you go to the gym
She asked me how often I check my email.
How long 询问时间长度或物体长度 How long will the meeting last (时间)
How long is the river (长度)
How high 询问高度 (指从地面算起) How high is Mount Taishan
The child wondered how high the kite could fly.
How deep 询问深度 How deep is the swimming pool
The divers explored how deep the cave went.
How low 询问低度或下限 How low can the temperature drop at night here Look how low the airplane is flying!
How fast 询问速度 How fast were you driving when the police stopped you
I'm impressed by how fast she learned the language.
How soon 询问需要多久 How soon can you finish the report
He asked how soon the package would arrive.
关键辨析与总结关键辨析与总结
How long vs. How soon
How long 问的是完成一件事本身需要“多长时间”，或者一个状态持续了“多久”。
How soon 问的是从现在到某个动作发生“需要多久”，强调“多快”能开始或完成，答案通常是 in + 一段时间。
How high vs. How tall
How high 用途更广，可问山、飞机、跳跃等的高度。
How tall 通常特指人、树、建筑物等有固定高度的事物的身高或身高。
How large vs. How big
两者在询问物理尺寸和大小时常可互换。
在询问抽象的程度时，更常用 How big（例如：How big is the problem ）。
【考点12】 Located in Siberia，Russia，Lake Baikal is one of world’s most famous lakes.
【解析】
located
作形容词，常构成be 动词连用，构成 be located + 位置介词 的结构，位于，坐落于....。
介词 用法说明 例句
in 在内部（大区域） Beijing is located in northern China.
on 在表面、街旁、楼层 The bookshop is located on a quiet street.
at 具体地址或精确点 She is located at the front desk right now.
near/by 在...附近 The hotel is located near the airport.
between 在...之间 The town is located between two mountains.
【单词变形】
locate 动词 找出...的位置，确定....的地点
The police are trying to locate the missing person.警方正试图找到失踪者的位置。
location 名词 地方，地点
What is the exact location of the ship？ 船的确切地点再哪里
【考点13】Today the lake still attracts many curious travelers.
【解析】
attract
做动词，过去式：attracted 现在分词: attracting
吸引，引起（注意，兴趣，赞赏等），使喜爱
The beautiful scenery attracts millions of tourists every year.美丽的风景每年吸引数百万游客。
His confidence is what attracted me to him in the first place.他的自信最初是他吸引我的地方。
常见搭配：be attracted to sb./sth. 收到某人或某事物的吸引
I've always been attracted to people with a good sense of humor.
（我一直都很被有幽默感的人吸引。）
【单词变形】
名词形式：attraction 爱慕，吸引，吸引人的地方或事情等
The attraction of the job lies in its high salary.（这份工作的吸引力在于其高薪。）
形容词形式：attractive 吸引人的，诱人的，招人喜爱的
He found the offer very attractive.（他觉得这个报价很有吸引力。）
【考点14】 It takes up an area of 345，000 square kilometers and includes over 9，00 islands and white sand beaches,
【解析】
take up
（1）开始从事（一项活动、爱好或工作）表示开始花时间做某事，通常是作为爱好、运动或职业。
He has taken up jogging to improve his health.他开始通过慢跑来改善健康。
Why don't you take up a new hobby 你为什么不开始一项新的爱好呢？
（2） 占据（空间或时间）指某物占用了一定的物理空间，或某事占用了一段时间。
This big table takes up most of the dining room.这张大桌子占了餐厅的大部分空间。
My new job takes up a lot of my time.我的新工作占了我很多时间。
2 include
（1）做动词 包含，包括
The price includes breakfast. 费用包含早餐
include doing sth 包含....
His job includes training new employees. 他的工作包括培训新员工。
（2）介词形式 including 包含，包括
There are five people in the car，including the driver. 车里有五个人，包括司机。
included 过去分词，...被包含,....被列入，用作后置定语。
区分：including 与 included
including 放在被包括的事物之前。
included 放在被包括的事物之后。区分下面两句：
I like fruits, including apples and bananas. I like fruits, apples and bananas included.
【考点15】The Great Barrier Reef is also alive.
【解析】
alive 形容词，
（1）活着的，在世，用作表语，不能放于名词前面，可与系动词（如 be, feel, seem, stay, remain 等）连用作表语。
The injured bird is still alive.那只受伤的鸟还活着。
After the accident, we were just happy to be alive.事故之后，我们还能活着就很高兴了。
（错误） He is an alive man.（正确） He is alive. 他还活着。
也可用作后置定语虽然不能放在名词前，但 alive 可以放在被修饰的代词或名词之后，起到定语的作用。
He is the greatest artist alive today.他是当今在世的最伟大的艺术家。
（2）有活力的，充满生命或活力的
常用结构：be alive with something
The garden is alive with bees and butterflies.花园里到处都是蜜蜂和蝴蝶，生机盎然。
易混词辨析：alive, live, living, lively
这是一个常见的难点，通过下表可以清晰区分：
单词 词性/用法 含义与例句
alive 表语/后置定语 活着的（状态）。Is your cat still alive He is the greatest poet alive. (他是当今在世的最伟大的诗人。
live
（读作 /la v/） 前置定语 1. 活的（生物）：We saw a live scorpion!
2. 现场直播的：It was a live broadcast.
living 前置定语/作名词 1. 活着的（泛指）：All living things need water.
2. 生计：What do you do for a living
lively
（读作 / la vli/） 前置定语 充满活力的，活泼的：She has a lively personality.
过关检测
一.单项选择
1.After a long day at work, I don't ______ going out tonight. I'd rather stay home and relax.
A. feel like B. want C. would like D. better not
2.The weather in spring is quite ______. You might experience sunshine, rain, and even snow all in one day!
A. changeable B. challenge C. change D. changes
3.There is no need to get angry. The whole problem is ______ a misunderstanding.
A. quite B below C rather D simply
4.The little tree is ______ because nobody waters it. We are all sad about its coming ______.
A. dying; death B. death; dying C . death; death D. dying; dying
5. The doctors worked for hours and finally _____ saved the patient's life. It was a very ______ operation（手术）.
A. successful; successfully B. successfully; successful
C. success; successful D. successfully; success
6. It was already dark when we finally ______ the small village at the foot of the mountain.
A. arrived B. arrived in C. reached to D. reached
7.---Excuse me, could you tell me ______ it is from here to the Central Park
---It's about a 15-minute walk.
A. how long B. how far C. how often D. how deep
8. My brother wants to ______ photography as a hobby because he finds it very interesting.
A. take in B. take up C. take over D. take off
9. I bought many school things at the supermarket, ______ pens, notebooks, and a new backpack.
A. includes B. include C. including D. to include
10.--- Look! The sunset over the lake is so amazing!
--- ______ .The colors are absolutely breathtaking.
A. It might rain later. B. Yes, it's unbelievable!
C. What's the lake's name D. Let's stop it.
二 单词填空
1.That experienced _____(游客，旅行者） visited over twenty countries and loved to share stories
2.Children have a natural ______（好奇心）about the world. They are always asking questions like "why" and "how".
3.Guangzhou is a major city in _______ （南部的）China, famous for its delicious food and warm climate.
4. He used his strong ________ (肩膀）to carry the heavy bag for the old lady.
5.The temperature reached 30 _______ （度数） today.
6. The car is very old, but the engine（发动机） is still in perfect ________.（条件，状况）
7.Without water, human beings cannot ________ (存活，活下来）for more than a few days.
8.The famous ______ (探险家）Marco Polo spent many years traveling to unknown places in Asia.
9.The mountain ___ (攀登者）used special equipment to help him reach the top of the peak(顶峰）.
10.We could see several small fishing boats from the ____ （海岸）as we walked along the beach.
三 .完形填空
The Dead Sea
The Dead Sea is located between Jordan （约旦）and Israel（以色列）. Although it is called a "sea," it is actually a (1)______.
What makes the Dead Sea so (2)______ First, it is the lowest point on Earth, about 430 meters (3)______ sea level. Second, the water here is very, very (4)______. It is about ten times saltier than ordinary seawater.
Because of the high salt content, swimmers can float（漂浮） easily on the water. It's almost impossible to sink（下沉）! Many tourists come here to (5)______ this unique experience. They love reading newspapers while floating on the water.
However, the Dead Sea is becoming (6)______ . Every year, its water level drops by about one meter. Scientists say this is mainly because people are using(7) ______ water from the Jordan River, which flows into the Dead Sea.
Another interesting fact is that the Dead Sea's mud（泥土）i is believed to be (8)______ for the skin. Many visitors cover themselves with the dark mud, then wait for it to dry in the sun before (9)______ it off. They say it makes their skin feel soft and smooth.
We must protect this natural wonder. If nothing is done, the Dead Sea might (10)______ completely in the future.
1.A. river B. lake C. ocean D. waterfall
2.A. ordinary B. special C. deep D. wide
3.A.under B. above C. below D. over
4.A. sweet B. salty C. clean D. warm
5.A. avoid B. forget C. try D. miss
6.A. bigger B. larger C. shorter D. smaller
7.A. too many B. too much C. a few D. a little
8.A. bad B. good C. terrible D. dangerous
9.A.wash B washed C washing D to wash
10.A. appear B. disappear C. expand D. rise
阅读理解
The Amazing Amazon Rainforest
The Amazon rainforest is the largest rainforest in the world. It covers about 5.5 million square kilometers across nine countries in South America, with most of it in Brazil. This amazing forest is often called the "lungs of the Earth" because it produces about 20% of the world's oxygen.
The Amazon is home to an incredible variety of plants and animals. Scientists believe that one in ten known species（种类） in the world lives here. You can find jaguars（美洲豹）, pink dolphins, sloths（树懒）, and over 3,000 species of fish in the Amazon River. The forest also has around 400 billion trees of 16,000 different species!
However, the Amazon is in danger. Every year, large areas of the forest are cut down for farming, logging, and building roads. This action not only destroys animal homes but also influences the whole world's climate（气候）.
Many people and organizations are working to protect the Amazon. They teach local people sustainable ways to use the forest without destroying it. Some areas have been made into national parks where animals and plants are protected.
We can all help save the Amazon by learning about its importance and sharing this knowledge with others. Remember, when we protect the rainforest, we protect our planet.
1.Why is the Amazon rainforest called the "lungs of the Earth"
A. Because it has many rivers
B. Because it produces much oxygen
C. Because it looks like lungs
D. Because animals breathe there
2.How many species of trees are there in the Amazon
A. About 400 B. About 3,000 C. About 16,000 D. About 5.5 million
3.What is a problem for the Amazon Rainforest
A.Too much rain B. Cutting down trees C. Too many tourists D.Cold weather
4.What does the passage mainly tell us
A. How to visit the Amazon.
B. Why the Amazon is important and how to protect it.
C. What animals live in the Amazon.
D. How to cut trees in the forest.
5.How can we help protect the Amazon according to the passage
A. By visiting it every year
B. By cutting fewer trees
C. By learning and sharing its importance
D. By building more farms
B
The Mariana Trench: The Deepest Place on Earth
The Mariana Trench is the deepest known part of the world's oceans. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, east of the Mariana Islands. The trench is about 2,550 kilometers long and 69 kilometers wide.
The deepest point of the Mariana Trench is called Challenger Deep, which reaches about 11,000 meters below sea level. If we put the highest mountain, Mount Everest（珠穆朗玛峰）, into this trench, its peak(山顶） would still be more than 2,000 meters underwater!
It is very difficult to explore the Mariana Trench because of the terrible conditions. The water pressure there is 1,000 times greater than at sea level，and it is completely dark because sunlight cannot reach that deep. The temperature is very cold, only about 1 to 4 degrees Celsius（摄氏度）.
Surprisingly, there is still life in this environment. Scientists have found some unique creatures（生物） living there, such as special types of fish, shrimp, and microorganisms(微生物）. These animals are now used to the darkness and high pressure after a long time.Some of them can even produce their own light!
So far, only a few people have ever reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench, because the water pressure is extremely high.But they used special vehicles called submersibles(深潜器） that can withstand(承受)the huge water pressure. These explorations help us learn more about our amazing planet.
Where is the Mariana Trench located
A. In the Atlantic Ocean B. East of the Mariana Islands
C. Near Mount Everest D. In South America
7.Which of the following is TRUE about the Mariana Trench
A. It is the widest ocean in the world
B. Mount Everest can fit into it completely
C. The temperature there is very warm
D. It is always completely dark there
8.Why can some animals live in the Mariana Trench
A. Because there is plenty of sunlight
B. Because they are used to the environment
C. Because the water pressure is low
D. Because many people visit there
9.Why is it hard for people to visit the Mariana Trench
A. It is too cold there. B.The water pressure is very high.
C. There are dangerous animals. D. It is too dark.
10.What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To encourage tourism to the Mariana Trench
B. To compare different oceans
C. To explain how to build submersibles
D. To describe the deepest part of the ocean
参考答案
短语
1. feel like 2. be able to 3. touch the sky 4. reach the top 5. survive the terrible conditions 6. from the northern side 7. death road 8. be determined to sth. 9. arrive at 10. pull up
10.1bit by bit 12. make it 13. national flag14. for the first time
15.risk one’s lives16 how far 17. how heavy 18. how often
19. how large 20. different types of animals
21. attract many curious travelers 22. natural wonder 23. take up
24. the lungs of the earth
过关检测
一 单项选择
1-5AADAB 6-10DBBCB
二 单词填空
1. traveller 2.curiosity 3.southern 4.shoulder 5. degrees 6. condition 7.survive 8.explorer
9. climber 10. coast
三 完型填空
1-5 BBCBC 6-10DBBCB
四 阅读理解
A 篇 1-5 BCBBC
B 篇 6-10 BDBBD

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