资源简介

(共19张PPT)
Unit 4
1. puzzle
1）n. 谜，难题；智力游戏
填字游戏是一种让孩子们参与词汇学习的游戏。
A crossword puzzle is a game to engage kids in vocabulary learning.
2）v.
① 迷惑，使困惑
一些让我们困惑已久的现象被解释清楚。
Some phenomena which puzzled us for a long time have been explained.
② 苦思冥想，仔细琢磨
puzzle over/ about… 苦苦思索…
我琢磨了好几个小时，思考这段文字。
I puzzled over/ about the passage for hours.
[词形转换]
1）puzzled adj. 困惑的，迷惑不解的
be puzzled about/ at… 对…感到困惑
2）puzzling adj. 令人费解的
3）puzzlement n. 困惑
in puzzlement n. 迷惑地
2. defense n.
1）防御，保护，保卫；辩护
in defense (of…) （为了…） 保卫，防守
我们不应忘记那些为保卫国家而牺牲的士兵。
We shouldn’t forget the soldiers who died in defense of our country.
in one’s defense/ in defense of sb./ come to one’s defense 为某人辩护
我得为她辩解，她之前对此一无所知。
I have to say in her defense that she knew nothing about it beforehand.
2）防御物，防务，防御能力
defense against… 对…的防御
城墙的建造是为了防御敌军攻击。
The town walls were built as a defense against enemy attacks.
[词形转换]
1）defend v. 防御，保护；辩解
defend sb./ sth. from/ against 保卫…免受…
defend sb. from/ against 针对…为某人辩解
2）defensive adj. 防御的，保护的
3. surround v. 围绕；包围
surround…with… 用…包围…
让自己身边围绕着积极的朋友非常重要。
It’s important to surround yourself with positive friends.
be surrounded with/ by… 被…包围
我们的房子被树木环绕，夏天可以享受它们的阴凉。
Our house is surrounded with trees, so we can enjoy their shade in summer.
[词形转换]
1）surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的（只用于名词前）
2）surroundings n. 环境
4. evidence n.
1）证据，证明，根据
There is evidence that…
有明显证据表明，气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害的增加。
There is strong evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide.
2）证词，人证，物证
[词形转换]
1）evident adj. 明显的
It is evident (to sb.) that… …很明显
5. charge
1）n.
① 主管，负责
in charge of… 负责/主管… = in one’s charge
in the charge of… 由…负责/主管
史密斯教授现负责公司，该公司曾由怀特教授负责。
Professor Smith is now in charge of the company, which was once in the charge of Professor White.
take charge of… 负责/主管某事
需要一位有经验的管理者负责日常工作。
An experienced manager is required to take charge of the day-to-day work.
② 费用，价钱
free of charge 免费
③ 冲锋
lead the charge 带头冲锋；起领导作用
虽然DIY传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究表明，现在女性在推动这一潮流。
Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
2）v.
①（向…）收费；开价
charge (sb.) for sth. 因某事（向某人）收费
餐厅收了我们40美元买酒。
The restaurant charged us $40 for the wine.
② 指控，控告
charge sb. with sth. 因（做）某事指控某人
亨利被控驾驶时不加注意和不注意。
Henry has been charged with driving without care and attention.
易混词 用法
accuse 意为“指控；指责”，常用搭配accuse sb. of (doing) sth.
charge 意为“指控；控告”，常用搭配charge sb. with (doing) sth.
blame 意为“指责；责备”，常用搭配 blame sb. for (doing) sth.
[易混辨析] accuse/ charge/ blame
6. announce v. 宣布；（尤指通过广播）通知
announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布某事 = announce to sb. sth.
老师在第一节课开始时向我们宣布了实验结果。
The teacher announced to us the result of the experiment at the beginning of the first class.
It is announced that… 据宣布…
官方宣布他将很快再次访问中国。
It has been officially announced that he will pay a second visit to China soon.
[词形转换]
1）announcer n. 播音员
2）announcement n. 宣布；通告
make an announcement 发表公告
7. amount
1）n. 数量，数额；金额
a large/ small amount of + un. 许多/少量的
该项目投入了大量资金。
A large amount of money was spent on the project.
large/ small amounts of + un. 许多/少量的
the amount of + un. …的数量
医疗支出的金额正在增加。
The amount of money spent on health care is increasing.
2）v. 总计；等于
amount to 总计，等于
据说年初，居住在意大利的外国人人数达到了400万。
It is said that foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4 million at the start of the year.
8. approach
1）v. 着手处理；接近，靠近；接洽
观众关注的是你如何解决问题。
The audience are interested in how you approach problems.
with…approaching 随着…的临近 = with…drawing near/ around the corner
随着中秋节临近，我诚邀您一同庆祝。
With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching, I’d like to invite you to join us in celebrating it.
2）n. 方法；要求；通路；接近
老师走近时，学生们停止了说话。
The students stopped talking at the teacher’s approach.
易混词 用法
approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法；尤指学习、研究、解决问题的方法和步骤的统称。常用搭配：the approach to (doing) sth.
way 普通常用词，指做某事的具体方法。常用搭配：the way to do, the way of doing, in this way
means 指整套的方法或某些工具、材料、交通工具等，单复同形。常用搭配：by means of, the means of doing
method 指有条理的、系统的方法或做某事的固定套路。常用搭配：the method of doing, with this method, teaching method
manner 多指特殊方式或独特的方法，与动作有关。常用搭配：the manner of doing, in a…manner
[易混辨析] approach/ way/ means/ method/ manner
9. position
1）v. 安装，安置，使处于
体育场两端设有大型电视屏幕。
Large television screens were positioned at either end of the stadium.
2）n.
① 位置；姿势
in/ out of position 在/不在恰当的位置
注意到一把椅子不对，他立刻把椅子放回原位。
Noticing a chair out of position, he put it back in position at once.
in a(n)…position (to do)（做某事）处于…的处境
② 观点，态度，立场
take the position that… 认为…
校长认为学生应该有足够的锻炼。
The principal took the position that students should have enough exercise.
③ 职务，职位
10. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的
be eager for… 对…渴望
鲍勃渴望有机会学习传统中国画。
Bob was eager for a chance to learn traditional Chinese painting.
be eager (for sb.) to do 渴望（某人）做某事
他渴望加入交流项目。
He was eager to join the exchange programme.
be eager that… 渴望…（虚拟语气）
我们学生们都希望夏令营能尽早开始。
We students are eager that the summer camp should start early.
[词形转换]
1）eagerness n. 渴望，热切
11. make up
1）构成
目前，核能只占我们能源使用的一小部分。
At present nuclear power makes up only a small part of the energy we use.
2）化妆
他们把他编成了戏剧最后一幕的老人。
They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.
3）编造（故事、谎言等）
我觉得你编造关于他的故事很不仁慈。
I think it’s very unkind of you to make up stories about him.
4）弥补
我今天下午能早点离开，明天补上时间吗？
Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow
5）和解，和好
西方人应利用古代中国智慧来弥补西方哲学的不足。
Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy.

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