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(共47张PPT)
名词性从句
句子
类型
简单句
并列句
复合句
主句
形容词性从句 (定语从句)
名词性从句
副词性从句(状语从句)
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
从句
Subjective Clauses
主语从句
Activity 1 Circle the subject in each sentence.
He considered himself a farmer.
Yuan’s innovation has helped to feed more people.
Using salty land in China for rice production was his latest vision.
How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
What concerned Yuan Longping most was that farmers often had poor harvests.
主语从句的含义：When a sentence serves as subject, we call it Subject Clause.
Review and Explore
主语从句引导词 用法
①从属连词 that 在从句中不充当成分，无意义
whether 在从句中不充当成分，意为“是否”
②连接代词 what(ever),which(ever),who(ever),whom(ever), whose 在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语
③连接副词 when,where,why,how 在从句中充当状语
主语从句 引导词
That Yuan Longping cared little for celebrity or money was true.
Whether it was possible to develop the hybrid rice was in debate.
What impressed people most was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.
Who will solve the soil problem is unknown.
Which one is the best to expand output is not clear.
When Yuan would retire to a life of leisure was never mentioned.
Where the hybrid rice can be planted is a question.
Why Yuan developed seawater rice was to feed more people.
Underline the subject clauses in these sentences and circle the leading words (引导词) of the subject clauses .
__________________________________ (袁隆平选择在哪里学习农业）was not an accident (并非偶然).
_____________________________________ (他是否能研发出杂交水稻) was not clear then.
____________________________________ (杂交水稻将如何提高产量) is highly expected.
How the hybrid rice will expand output
Where Yuan chose to study agriculture
Whether he could develop the hybrid rice
主语从句用 ______语 序!
陈 述
探寻规律1： 主语从句 语序 问题
探寻规律2： 主语从句 主谓一致 问题
1. Whether the patient will be taken ______ (be) unknown.
2. When and where the patient will be taken _____ (be) unknown.
3. When the task can be finished and whether he can have
a rest ________ (be) unknown.
4. What he needs_________(be) a book.
What they need _______ (be) masks(口罩).
单个主语从句做主语，谓语大多数使用_______ (单数？复数？)
由两个连接词引导同一个主语从句，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)
主语为and连接的两个主语从句时，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)
what引导主语从句时，谓语的单复数由______ 决定。(主语？表语？)
单数
单数
复数
表语
is
is
are
is
are
What matters most in the exam ____ (be)carefulness.
is
is estimated that about 60% of China’s rice consumption is from Yuan’s hybrid strains.
That about 60% of China’s rice consumption is from Yuan’s hybrid strains is estimated.
形式主语
主语从句作真正的主语
It
探寻规律3： 主语从句太长怎么办？
用一个 It 来解决问题！
It作形式主语的常见句型:
(1) It +be+形容词（obvious, true, surprising, wonderful, possible, likely, certain) +that 从句
(2) It + be +过去分词(said, reported, estimated, expected, predicted, announced, suggested等)+that从句
(3) It + be +名词词组(a pity, a shame, an honor, no wonder等)+that从句
(4)It+不及物动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, turn out, occur to等)+that 从句
　 　I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
It was her fault　 　we missed the bus.
　 　the flight to New York will be delayed is what I'm especially worried about.
It is certain 　 　being under quarantine(隔离) is no fun.
After 　 　seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding-I made it!
　 　 is known to all is that effective measures should be taken to deal with the problem of the over-exploiting of our resources.
What
that
Whether
that
what
What
名词性从句引导词填入技巧：①看从句是否缺成分 ②看要补什么意义
解题技巧：引导词怎么填
一判
二判
判断是否是名词性从句
判断从句是否缺成分、缺意义
缺成分,缺意义
不缺成分
缺人：who/whom
缺东东：what
缺定语：“哪个”——which；
“谁的”——whose
不缺意义：that
缺意义(时间、地点…)：when、where、why、how、
缺“是否”：whether
1.(2022高二上·和平期末)It's true ______ inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked.
2. (2022高一下·静安期中)__________ more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.
3. (2021年全国乙卷) _______ the ancient artifacts(文物) were discovered in the desert remains a mystery.
4.(2024年全国甲卷) ________ is known to all is that the 2024 Paris Olympics were held successfully.
5. (2025 .江西模拟) he failed the interview again was due to his lack of preparation.
that
Whether
What
Why
How
名词性从句引导词填入技巧：①看从句是否缺成分 ②看要补什么意义
How he became a great scientist is known to us all.
主语从句三要素
主语从句用 _______ 语序
主语从句做主语时，句子谓语动词一般用______
主语从句不能省略_________
陈 述
单 数
引 导 词
Predicative Clauses
表语从句
I am a student.
Her lucky number is six.
He became rich and successful.
They are at home now.
His job is to handle the problem.
The fact is that he passed the exam.
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当,通常位于__________之后。
系动词
找一找表语
表语从句：位于_________之后，充当________的从句称作表语从句。
表语
系动词
系动词:
be动词: am, is, are, was, were
感官动词：look,feel, sound, taste, smell
保持类动词：remain, keep, stay
变化类动词：become, get, grow, turn, go
似乎类动词：seem, appear
证明类动词：prove, turn out
一、表语从句的概念
1.What John Snow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome.
2.What I want to say is that I am tired.
3. I don't know what I can say.
4. It sounds as if somebody was knocking at the door.
5. The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus this morning.
6. Foreigners are always asked what Chinese food they like best.
Judge: Which is a predicative clause
二、表语从句的语序
The question is how (can I / I can ) make you understand the knowledge.
表语从句和宾语从句、主语从句一样，要用陈述语序：主语+谓语。
√
引导词 用法
①从属连词 that 在从句中不充当成分，无意义
whether 在从句中不充当成分，意为“是否”
②连接代词 what(ever),which(ever),who(ever),whom(ever), whose 在从句中充当主语，宾语，定语
③连接副词 when,where,why,how 在从句中充当状语
④其它连词 because, why as if, as though 在从句中不充当成分，意为“因为，为什么, 好像/似乎”
三、表语从句的引导词
(一) 从属连词 that 引导的表语从句
that ____ 意义，在表语从句中 ______ 成分,起______ 作用，________ 省略。
无
不充当
连接
不能
The fact is that he was lying.
The reason is that they never give up.
His suggestion is that we should tell him.
The question is _________ we can rely on him. He often tells lies.
The question is _________ we can finish the task on time, for we have only three days left.
(二) 从属连词 whether 引导的表语从句
whether
whether
连接词whether起 _____ 作用，意为“_______”，在句中也不作任何成分（注意：if ______引导表语从句)。
连接
是否
不能
(三) 连接代词what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose 等引导的表语从句
Tom is no longer _______ he used to be.
The question is _______ of us should come first. (我们两个中的哪一个)
The problem is ______ is really fit for the hard job.
The important thing is _______name should be put on the top of the list.
what
which
who
whose
连接代词 what, which, who, whom, whose 除在句子中起 ______ 作用外，还可在从句中作 _____、_____ 或 ______，且各有词义。
连接
主语
表语
定语
（四）连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的表语从句
That’s _______ most main ideas are found.
This is ______ Sara was late for the meeting. (She missed the early bus.)
The key to success is _____ you stick to your dreams when facing difficulties.
My strongest memory is ______ I attended an American wedding as a child.
where
why
how
when
连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起______ 作用外，在从句中还充当_______、______、______或______状语，本身具有词义。
连接
时间
地点
方式
原因
（五）as if / as though 引导的表语从句
1. It looks as if it is going to rain.
2. The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.
3. It sounds as though someone is knocking at the door.
4. She looked as though she had been hit by lightning.
as if/though 在从句中________成分，意为“______________”,常接在look, sound, seem等系动词后; 其引导的表语从句如果是事实（或者极有可能发生），就用陈述语气（时态与主句一致）；若与事实不符（或者完全不可能发生），从句用_________(时态后退一步).
不充当
似乎；好像
虚拟语气
1. It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
2. Tom likes to talk big as if he were an important person.
对现在的虚拟，用一般过去时，be动词用were
3. His attitude appears as if he might refuse the invitation tomorrow.
隐含意义：他大概率会接受邀请
对将来的虚拟，用would/could/might+do
4. He talked about Rome as if he had been there.
隐含意义：他没去过Rome —— 对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时
事情极有可能发生, 用一般现在时
（五）as if / as though 引导的表语从句
隐含意义：Tom不是一个重要的人
总结：as if/as though 引导从句的虚拟语气 时态后退一步：
若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）
若跟过去事实不符：过去完成时
若跟将来事实不符：would/could/might+动词原形
（六）because引导的表语从句
That’s because we never thought of it.
She hasn’t come. This is because she is ill.
because 引导的表语从句，在从句中______成分，意为______.
常用于句型： This/That/It is because +原因： 那是因为…
不充当
因为
I think that’s _____ he was so angry.
why
The rain is too heavy. That is _________ I got wet.
why
区分句型： This/That/It is why +结果： 那就是为什么…
The reason why he is late for school is ________ he
missed the bus.
2. Why we decided to put off the football match is ________
the weather was too bad.
that
that
当主句的主语是 _____________ 或 why 引导的 __________时常用 ______ 来引导表语从句，而不用 because。
the reason
主语从句
that
注意点 1
The reason for... is that...
Why... is that...
1. My suggestion is that we ____________ (go) and help him.
2. My advice is that we ____________ (get) there by train.
(should) go
(should) get
当主句的主语是表示建议（suggestion, advice）、命令（order）、要求（request, proposal）、计划（plan）等的名词时，表语从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。
注意点 2
连接词
从属连词: that, whether, as if, as though, because
连接副词: when, where, how, why
连接代词: what, which, who, whom, whose, wh-ever
（在从句中不作成分）
（在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语）
（在从句中作状语）
表语从句的引导词
Review
解题技巧：引导词怎么填
一判
二判
判断是否是名词性从句
判断从句是否缺成分、缺意义
缺成分,缺意义
不缺成分
缺人：who/whom
缺东东：what
缺定语：“哪个”——which；
“谁的”——whose
不缺意义：that
缺意义(时间、地点…)：when、where、why、how、
缺“是否”：whether
高考链接
[2018·北京卷]This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
[2021天津卷]What puzzles Lily’s friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
what
what 在表语从句中作taught me的直接宾语
why
名词性从句引导词填入技巧：①看从句是否缺成分 ②看要补什么意义
why she always has so many crazy ideas 才是困惑的具体内容
3. [2021·山东春招]The reason for his not coming is_______ his mother has been ill.
4. [2022新高考II卷]Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly __________ people are driving more.
because
从句结构完整，根据句意填because。
that
The reason 做主语，且从句结构完整，所以填that。固定句型The reason for....is that...
高考链接
名词性从句引导词填入技巧：①看从句是否缺成分 ②看要补什么意义
即学即练
My suggestion is that we __________ (go) to hospital at once.
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______(be) broken.
My idea is that we ___________(get) more people to attend the conference.
The little girl appeared as if she ___________(be) a grown-up.
She looks as if she _________(be) ten years younger.
(should) go
were
(should) get
had been
were
完成句子
1. The answer he gave to others is that ___________________.
2. That the animal protection organization blamed the farmer is because__________________________.
3. What Fu Hang wants to tell us is that ________________________.
your life has just begun
the farmer let the monkey work
everyone has worries
Appositive Clauses
同位语从句
一、什么是同位语？
1. Yuan Longping, a famous scientist, is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.
2. We students should develop good learning habits.
3. The fact that the earth goes around the sun is known to all.
4. We heard the news that our team had won the championship.
同位语是对前面的名词进行身份、属性或内容的补充，前后常用逗号隔开，去掉后不影响句子主干，可由名词(短语)或从句充当。
同位语从句
I heard the news that we would have two days off this week.
There is some doubt whether he is fit for the job.
The question what we should do next is not clear.
She made a request that we should help her.
同位语从句说明的名词大多是____________。如:
抽象名词
news(word)新闻/ fact事实/message消息/information 信息 / doubt疑惑/question, problem 问题 / request要求 /reason 理由/idea想法 / thought想法/order 命令/hope希望/belief信念/possibility可能性/ danger危险 / warning警告 / decision 决定/ truth 真相...
引导词 用法
①从属连词 that 在从句中不充当成分，无意义
whether 在从句中不充当成分，意为“是否”
②连接代词 what(ever),which(ever),who(ever),whom(ever), whose 在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语
③连接副词 when,where,why,how 在从句中充当状语
同位语从句 引导词
Point 1: 为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句有时可以不紧跟它说明的那个名词后面，而是被其它的词隔开，这种从句叫分割式同位语从句。
The problem whether they should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.
Word came that their team had won.
四、同位语从句的注意点
找出同位语从句以及其说明的名词
Point 2: 同位语从句的虚拟语气：
在表示“坚持，命令，建议，要求”的名词 后面的同位语从句中，从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略
I made a proposal that we should get up early tomorrow.
My proposal is that we should get up early tomorrow.
It is proposed that we should get up early tomorrow.
I proposed that we should get up early tomorrow.
一坚持 insist
二命令 order, command
三建议 advise, suggest, propose
四要求 require, request, demand, desire
四、同位语从句的注意点
Point 3 : doubt的同位语从句
有否定词+doubt的同位语从句，用whether：There is no doubt that...
直接doubt后的同位语从句，用that：There is some doubt that...
There is no doubt that it was his friend that played tricks on him.
There is some doubt whether he can adapt to the new surroundings here.
I doubt whether he is at home.
We don’t doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time.
四、同位语从句的注意点
解题技巧：引导词怎么填
一判
二判
判断是否是名词性从句
判断从句是否缺成分、缺意义
缺成分,缺意义
不缺成分
缺人：who/whom
缺东东：what
缺定语：“哪个”——which；
“谁的”——whose
不缺意义：that
缺意义(时间、地点…)：when、where、why、how、
缺“是否”：whether
1 Some hold the belief_________they can always find more ways of
solving problems.
2 The decision_________we will have the celebration next month has
not been made.
3 We work as hard as we can in the knowledge_________our efforts will
eventually pay off.
4 Does anyone have any idea_________has happened to Paul Why
hasn't he come yet
5 She raised the problem_________we could improve communication
between managers and staff.
that
that
whether
what
how
6 We have just received a warning_________ a storm is on the way. We
need to get prepared.
7 There is some doubt among the students_________the travel plan will
be cancelled.
8 Many people responded positively to the suggestion_____we __________ (raise) money for local charities.
9 We had a heated discussion on the question_________online learning
was better suited for high school students.
10 Mr Smith really has no idea_________is wrong with their programme.
that
whether
whether
that
what
should raise
11 The statement by the driver of the vehicle _____ he didn’t see the lorry was rejected by the Court.
12 Evidence came up _____ specific speech sound are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.
that
that
THANKS
THANKS
感谢观看

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