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Unit 5 单元测试卷 B
(考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分)注意事项：
1 ．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2 ．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3 ．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 ．What are the speakers mainly discussing
A ．Aging problems.
B ．The secret of the brain.
C ．Benefits of learning a new language.
2 ．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A ．A new planet. B ．A chemical element. C ．A science experiment.
3 ．Where are the speakers
A ．At a science fair. B ．In a geography class. C ．At a birthday party.
4 ．What may the flowers need according to the man
A ．Enough water. B ．Proper fertilizer. C ．Sufficient sunshine.
5 ．What does the woman see
A ．A bird. B ．A picture. C ．A tail.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
试卷第 1 页，共 15 页
6 ．What can mimic octopuses do
A ．Act like humans.
B ．Change their looks.
C ．Live on land for a long time.
7 ．Why do mimic octopuses live in shallow sandy areas
A ．To find food more easily.
B ．To hide from large animals.
C ．To protect themselves from natural disasters.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8 ．What does the man suggest growing
A ．Tomatoes. B ．Corn. C ．Onions.
9 ．Why does the woman want to plant vegetables
A ．To have fresh food. B ．To exercise to keep fit. C ．To save money.
10 ．What does the woman think of the gardening work
A ．Relaxing. B ．Challenging. C ．Worthless.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11 ．Who is Nat King Cole
A ．A pop singer. B ．A researcher. C ．A bus driver.
12 ．What did the researchers study about bus drivers
A ．Their health problems. B ．Their facial expressions. C ．Their working conditions.
13 ．What is proved harmful to the bus drivers’ health
A ．Working overtime. B ．Bad thoughts. C ．Forced smiles.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14 ．A ．Back-up devices for electricity failure.
B ．The necessity of electricity in daily life.
C ．Tips for a safe electricity supply.
D ．Electricity supply on aeroplanes.
试卷第 2 页，共 15 页
15 ．A ．20 percent. B ．13 percent. C ．5 percent. D ．3 percent.
16 ．A ．It must be reliable and supplied at a constant speed.
B ．It must be able to repair itself in case of any failure.
C ．It must vary in rate according to how fast a plane flies.
D ．It must be equal to the amount of electricity consumed by 15 homes.
17 ．A ．Charge on-board batteries. B ．Keep vital systems working.
C ．Deliver 50 kilowatts of power. D ．Provide on-board patients with help.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18 ．What does the research show
A ．Cats rely upon humans to feel safe.
B ．Cats treat humans like their fellows.
C ．Cats’ reputation as a cold pet is true.
19 ．Why do cats expose their stomachs
A ．To beg for food. B ．To ask for a belly rub. C ．To show their trust.
20 ．How do cats greet other cats they don’t know
A ．By staring at them. B ．By raising their tails. C ．By touching legs.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In a new study, researchers have unveiled interesting findings that link the consumption of refined carbohydrates-such as sugary snacks and highly processed foods-with changes in facial
attractiveness. They found that individuals who consumed a high glycemic (血糖的) load breakfast were rated as less attractive than those who consumed a low one.
104 participants were asked to attend the study early in the morning on an empty stomach. Upon arrival, they were assigned to consume one of two types of breakfasts having the same
caloric values: one high in refined carbohydrates and the other low. About two hours later, they
试卷第 3 页，共 15 页
were photographed under standardized conditions to ensure consistency in lighting, background, and positioning. A separate group of raters, who were carefully selected to minimize cultural bias (偏见), assessed the facial photographs, making judgments on overall attractiveness.
To evaluate long-term dietary habits, the participants completed detailed dietary questionnaires concerning their consumption during breakfast, afternoon snacks, and
between-meal snacks on the day before the study. This information was used to calculate the
glycemic load and energy intake for these meals, providing a comprehensive picture of their usual refined carbohydrate consumption.
The researchers found that participants who consumed a breakfast rich in refined
carbohydrates were less attractive than those who consumed a low-glycemic breakfast. This effect was observed for both male and female participants. The researchers proposed that this could be
related to the physiological effects of low blood sugar, such as changes in skin blood flow and colour, which occur following the consumption of high-glycemic foods.
When examining long-term consumption of refined carbohydrates through glycemic load measures, the researchers found that a higher energy intake at breakfast was associated with
increased attractiveness for both men and women, suggesting that foods high in fats and proteins, which do not lead to rapid glycemic responses, might contribute positively to perceived
attractiveness.
However, the effects of refined carbohydrate consumption on attractiveness varied
depending on the specific meal and the gender of the participants. For example, while high energy intake at breakfast increased attractiveness across both genders, the glycemic load of afternoon
snacks had opposite effects for men and women. Men with a higher glycemic load during their afternoon snack were perceived as more attractive, but for women, a lower glycemic load in this meal was associated with increased attractiveness.
While the study includes some limitations, the findings serve as a strong reminder of the
far-reaching impact of dietary choices. Further research is needed to understand the broader social implications of diet, which could provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between
diet, biology, and social behaviour.
21 ．What are Paragraph 2 and 3 mainly about
A ．The research purpose. B ．The research methods.
试卷第 4 页，共 15 页
C ．The research proposal. D ．The research background.
22 ．What can we learn about the research findings
A ．Sharp glycemic reactions might reduce attractiveness.
B ．Low blood sugar could impact attractiveness positively.
C ．Men were less affected by refined carbohydrate consumption.
D ．High energy intake at meals had inconsistent effects on women.
23 ．What is the purpose of the research
A ．To explain a food preference. B ．To illustrate a biological process.
C ．To present a dietary phenomenon. D ．To explore a complex association.
B
“Know thyself” is the most famous saying of Greek philosophy. The idea of self-knowledge is so foundational to a meaningful existence. In his tragedy (悲剧) Thyestes, the Stoic philosopher Seneca writes, “Death lies heavily on him / Who, though to all the world well known, / Is stranger to himself alone.” And as Shakespeare asserts in his comedy As You Like It, “The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man /knows himself to be a fool.”
What exactly does it mean to know yourself For neuroscientists, self-knowledge is the
combination of two forms of information, your own self-beliefs and your perceptions of how
others view you. This technical definition of self-knowledge concerns only the mechanisms
involved and does not say anything about the quality of the information. In effect, if you think
you’re a rooster and believe others see you as one too, that counts as self-knowledge. However, I strongly question that the thinkers at Greece had a bit more in mind than this; they no doubt meant “Know thyself accurately.” That is a much taller order, requiring a huge quantity of truthful
information about your inner states — attitudes, beliefs, emotions, and motives. Accurate
self-knowledge also means avoiding mistakes and correcting illusions, being completely honest with yourself, and predicting how you will feel and react in the future.
By this impossibly strict standard, we probably all overestimate our capacity for accurate self-knowledge. Psychological experiments have revealed that ratings of one’s own
self-assessments are “moderate to poor” in accuracy and are generally less sound than external
evaluations. One reason is that we’re likely to make cognitive (认知的) errors about what we see
试卷第 5 页，共 15 页
happening in our lives. Researchers have found that humans are easy to miss seeing our problems, mistakes, and opportunities.
Many things in our lives go unnoticed because we don’t know the language for them or
don’t understand them. This is called hypo-cognition, a deficit of cognition. In studies exploring this phenomenon, British participants were more likely to notice cheese than Asian dumplings in their daily lives, while Chinese participants noticed the reverse. Much of our self-knowledge
deficit comes from willful ignorance. Psychologists have long observed the human tendency to use motivated reasoning to reassure ourselves that our opinions are right, to ignore critical
self-reflective information, and generally to maintain positive illusions and find ways to avoid facing reality-based negative emotions. So basic and necessary to our being are these traits that collectively they have been called our “psychological immune system.” This characteristic
rationalizing is almost certainly based in our biology.
This human capacity to maintain ignorance in the face of potentially negative
self-knowledge might make you more comfortable in the short term, but it leads to many missed opportunities for greater well-being and success in the long run. Research has shown that more
honest self-awareness — of both positive and negative information — improves self-development because you know what to improve. This enables better personal decision making rooted in
accurate information, especially when striving toward goals.
24 ．The author mentions Seneca and Shakespeare mainly to .
A ．draw a comparison
B ．give a suggestion
C ．explain a concept
D ．strengthen an argument
25 ．As for the definition of self-knowledge from neuroscientists, the author is .
A ．appreciative
B ．suspicious
C ．unconcerned
D ．neutral
26 ．What does the term “hypo-cognition” underlined in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A ．The inability to process truthful information.
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B ．The refusal to reflect on negative information.
C ．The lack of concepts to describe specific experiences.
D ．The tendency to spot cultural differences in perception.
27 ．It is implied in this passage that we should .
A ．focus on negative rather than positive feedback
B ．follow the beliefs and emotions of our internal states
C ．stop making excuses for unfavorable self-knowledge
D ．spare no effort to get rid of imperfect self-knowledge
C
Nowadays, with human-AI interactions becoming more frequent and complex, scientists have made remarkable efforts to better understand human-AI relationships in terms of trust and companionship.
A group of researchers from Waseda University, Japan, including research associate Fan Yang from the Faculty of Letters, Arts and Sciences have used attachment theory to examine
human-AI relationships. Their findings were recently published online in the Journal Current Psychology on; May 9, 2025.
Mr. Yang explains the motivation behind their research. “In recent years, generative AI such as ChatGPT has become increasingly stronger and wiser, offering not only informational support but also a sense of security.”
Remarkably, the team developed a new self-report scale (量表) called the Experiences in Human-AI Relationships Scale, or EHARS, an instrument measuring attachment-related
tendencies toward AI. This innovative instrument identifies two critical dimensions: attachment
anxiety, characterized by users’ need for emotional reassurance (情感安慰) from AI systems, and attachment avoidance, reflecting discomfort with closeness and preferences for maintaining
emotional distance from AI.
They found that nearly 75% of participants turned to AI for advice, while about 39% regarded AI as a constant, dependable presence.
However, these findings do not mean that humans are currently forming genuine emotional attachments to AI. Rather, the study demonstrates that psychological frameworks used for human
试卷第 7 页，共 15 页
relationships may also apply to human-AI interactions.
The results also suggest a need for honesty and openness in AI systems that simulate (模拟) emotional relationships, such as romantic AI apps or caregiver robots, to prevent emotional
over-dependence. Furthermore, EHARS could be used by developers or psychologists to assess how people relate to AI emotionally and adjust AI interaction strategies accordingly.
As AI has been increasingly applied to everyday life, people may begin to seek not only information but also emotional support from AI systems. “It promotes a better understanding of how humans connect with technology on a society level, helping to guide policy and design
practices that prioritize psychological well-being,” concludes Mr. Yang.
28 ．What is scientists’ focus in the study of human-AI relationships
A ．Safety and teamwork. B ．Reliance and bonding.
C ．Comfort and relief. D ．Information and emotion.
29 ．What is the author’s attitude toward the research findings
A ．Highly doubtful. B ．Overly enthusiastic.
C ．Politically neutral. D ．Cautiously optimistic.
30 ．How is the text organized
A ．Problem — solution — result. B ．Concept — tool — finding — application.
C．Concept — data — analysis — effect. D．Theory — experiment — result — discussion.
31 ．What can be a suitable title for the text
A ．The Emotional Dangers of AI Companionship.
B ．Measuring Human Trust in Advanced Technologies.
C ．Applying Attachment Theory to Human-AI Bonds.
D ．The EHARS: A New Tool for AI Psychology.
D
Changes in personality following a heart transplant have been noted pretty much ever since transplants began. In one case, a man developed a passion for classical music after receiving a
musician’s heart. Another, a 45-year-old man, began loving loud headphone music after receiving a 17-year-old heart, something he never did before. What might explain this
One suggestion could be that the overwhelming joy of receiving a new lease on life makes
试卷第 8 页，共 15 页
the person sunnier. Other transplant recipients suffer from guilt, depression and other
psychological issues that might also be seen as personality changes. However, there is some
evidence to suggest that these personality changes aren’t all psychological. Biology may play a role, too.
Transplanted organs not only perform their primary function, but also release hormones (荷尔蒙) affecting the entire body. A heart from a donor might have a different level of hormones
compared with the original heart, and this could change the recipient’s mood and personality.
The body stores memories in the brain. We access them when thinking or they can be
triggered by sight or smell. But memories are basically neurochemical (神经化学的) processes where nerves convey impulses to each other and exchange specialized chemicals at the interface between them.
While in transplant surgery, many of the nerves that govern the function of the organ are
cut and are not able to be reattached, this doesn’t mean that the nerves within the organ do not still function. In fact, there is evidence that they may be partially restored a year after surgery. These
neurochemical actions and interactions could feed into the nervous system of the recipient, triggering a physiological response that then affects the recipient’s personality according to memories from the donor.
Whichever mechanism (机制), or combination of mechanisms, is responsible, this research area needs further investigation so that recipients can understand the physical and psychological changes that could occur following surgery.
32 ．What changes occurred in the two heart transplant recipients
A ．They showed musical talents.
B ．They started to compose music.
C ．They suffered mental problems.
D ．They developed new personalities.
33 ．What factors can lead to the changes after organ transplants
A ．Surgery methods and recovery process.
B ．Hormone level change and nerve restoration.
C ．Brain region control and nerve disconnection.
D ．Environment stability and nerve function loss.
试卷第 9 页，共 15 页
34 ．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 5
A ．The damaged nerves.
B ．The transplanted organs.
C ．The memories stored in brains.
D ．The hormones released by organs.
35 ．What can be a suitable title for the text
A ．How to Prevent Surgical Memory Loss
B ．Why do Hormones Determine Personality
C ．Do Psychological Factors Affect Recipients
D ．Can Organ Transplants Change Personality
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Building a DIY herb garden is a rewarding endeavor that allows you to enjoy fresh,
homegrown herbs right at your fingertips. Whether you’ re an experienced gardener or a beginner, a well- maintained herb garden can enhance your cooking, add beauty to your space, and even
provide a sense of relaxation. 36 By following these practical steps, you can create a thriving herb garden that will serve you well for seasons to come.
37 The first crucial step is choosing the right location for your herb garden. Most
herbs thrive in full sunlight, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. However, some herbs like mint and parsley can tolerate partial shade. Consider the amount of sunlight your chosen spot receives throughout the day. 38 If you live in an area with strong winds, find a
sheltered location or use windbreaks to protect your delicate herbs.
Select the herbs that suit your needs and growing conditions. Think about which herbs you use most frequently in your cooking. Basil, thyme, rosemary, and oregano are popular choices for enhancing the flavor of Italian dishes. 39 If you have limited space, opt for compact
varieties or herbs that can be grown in containers. Also, take into account your local climate. Some herbs are more cold- hardy, while others prefer warmer temperatures.
试卷第 10 页，共 15 页
Prepare the soil properly before planting. Herbs generally prefer well- drained soil that is rich in organic matter. You can improve the soil quality by adding compost, aged manure, or peat moss. 40 This helps the roots of the herbs grow easily. Avoid using heavy, clay- like soil that can retain too much water and cause the roots to rot.
With the right planning and care, your DIY herb garden will not only provide you with a bountiful supply of fresh herbs but also become a delightful addition to your home.
A ．However, it’s important to ensure good air circulation around the plants as well.
B ．Lavender, on the other hand, is not only great for baking but also has a soothing aroma.
C ．But achieving a successful herb garden requires careful planning and the right techniques.
D ．Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of about 8-10 inches.
E ．Determine the size of your garden based on the available space and the number of herbs you want to grow.
F．Also, consider the proximity to a water source, as regular watering is essential for herb growth.
G ．Make sure to space the plants according to their mature size to prevent overcrowding.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How Do Fish Survive in Icy Waters
Animals like seals, penguins, and a wide variety of sea birds are all fish eaters. They live in the Arctic and Antarctic Circle, among the icecaps. The land is completely frozen. Yet these
animals to live in this region. How do they do it
The icy waters of the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans a great amount of marine life.
For millions of years, life has remained unchanged, making it possible for these animals to these particular patterns of existence.
But they do get some help from . All liquids have a boiling point and a freezing
point. When the outside temperature below the freezing point of water, lakes and rivers get frozen. , only the top layer of the lake or river freezes. Underneath the frozen upper layer,
the water remains in its form and does not freeze. Also, oxygen is trapped beneath the
试卷第 11 页，共 15 页
layer of ice. , fish and other marine animals find it possible to live comfortably in the frozen lakes and ponds.
But why doesn’t the entire body of water , like a giant, lake-sized ice-cube
During winter months in colder countries, the outside temperature is very low and the upper layers of water in the lakes and ponds start . When the temperature of the surface layers
falls to 4℃, the water body acquires maximum density and . The water that drops down the water below, and the lower layers of water simultaneously rise up. This also gets cooled to 4℃ and again falls down.
When the temperature of the water body finally goes below 4℃, the density or heaviness of water decreases and as a result water does not sink down. The water finally freezes at
0℃while the lower part still remains at 4℃ . The light frozen layer of ice floats on top.
Ice does not allow heat to pass through it easily, so the freezing of the waters below is a
very process. At depths below 30 metres, temperatures are cold and stable but food is
scarce. As a result, certain species of flatfish and polar fish have a(n) growing rate, so that they can adapt to this tough situation to survive.
41 ．A ．manage B ．struggle C ．try D ．hope
42 ．A ．trap B ．transport C ．support D ．measure
43 ．A ．adapt to B ．devote to C ．keep in mind D ．get rid of
44 ．A ．nature B ．human C ．science D ．society
45 ．A ．rises B ．changes C．jumps D ．declines
46 ．A ．Moreover B ．Therefore C ．Otherwise D ．However
47 ．A ．solid B ．liquid C ．hard D ．soft
48 ．A ．For instance B ．In other words C ．As a result D ．On the contrary
49 ．A ．flow B ．freeze C ．melt D ．drop
50 ．A ．boiling B ．combing C ．cooling D ．functioning
51 ．A ．floats up B ．sinks down C ．stands up D ．calms down
52 ．A ．replaces B ．advances C ．stimulates D ．transforms
53 ．A ．bottom B ．middle C ．density D ．surface
54 ．A ．quick B ．easy C ．stable D ．slow
55 ．A ．reduced B ．fastened C ．updated D ．survived
试卷第 12 页，共 15 页
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why is attending university often considered essential First and foremost, universities are cradles (摇篮) of knowledge, offering students access to various academic 56 (resource). From state-of-the-art laboratories to extensive libraries, these facilities provide 57 ideal environment for in-depth learning. By enrolling in diverse courses, students not only acquire
specialized knowledge but also develop critical thinking skills, 58 (enable) them to analyze complex issues from multiple perspectives.
Moreover, a university degree often serves 59 a passport to good career
opportunities. In today’s competitive job market, most employers may prioritize candidates with higher education, believing they possess more advanced expertise and better adaptability.
Additionally, campus life 60 (be) a melting pot of cultures, where students interact with peers from different backgrounds. This exposure helps them broaden 61 (they)
worldview s and fosters cross-cultural communication skills, 62 are invaluable in a globalized society.
Furthermore, university is a fertile ground for 63 (person) growth. Through
extracurricular activities, leadership roles, and community service, students learn to manage time, work in teams, and overcome challenges. Taking part in a debate competition, organizing a charity event, or leading a student club allows them 64 (apply) theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios. What 65 (true) enriches the university experience is the opportunity to
discover one’s passions, build lasting relationships, and develop into well-rounded individuals ready to thrive in the real world.
第四部分 写作(满分 40 分)
第一节、书信写作
66 ．仔细观察有关竹子种植的图片，写一篇关于竹子成长的 80 词左右的观察日志。
试卷第 13 页，共 15 页
第二节 读后续写
67 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When John pulled into his mother’s driveway with his young daughter, Lily, the sight of the familiar lychee (荔枝) tree welcomed them. “Look, Lily,” John said, pointing to the towering tree in the front yard. “It’s the family tree.”
Lily smiled as John treated the tree as ifit were a real family member, patting its trunk (树干) affectionately. As they were admiring the tree, the screen door opened and out stepped
Grandma Mei, bathed in the warm Florida sunlight. Grandma Mei, who came from the province of Guangdong in China, was known for her green thumb, particularly when it came to lychees.
Seeing her granddaughter, Grandma Mei adjusted her baseball cap and asked if Lily was ready for some lychees. But Lily hesitated, for the fruit’s appearance was unlike any other fruit she had tried before. With a laugh, Grandma Mei gave her a gentle hug. “More lychees for me then, John,” Grandma Mei said.
“Let’s get busy!” John said with enthusiasm, rubbing his hands together. “Family tree’s waiting.”
Hearing Dad calling the tree by name, Lily couldn’t help laughing. “Laugh if you want, Lily, but this tree is really family. On cold nights, before family tree was fully grown, Grandma Mei used to take my blanket and throw it over that tree.” Grandma Mei nodded, adding that she
试卷第 14 页，共 15 页
had to protect the tree from bad weather so that it would become a big strong tree and grow fruit for the whole family.
John, eager to start the day’s work, began climbing the tree, determined to harvest the best lychees for the family. Lily watched in amazement, noticing the clusters (簇) of lychees, their skin rough yet inviting.
As John skillfully cut through the branches with a cutter, Lily expressed her concern for the well-being of the tree. John explained to her that cutting the ends of branches won’t hurt family
tree. Instead such behaviour made it healthier and stronger.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees.
试卷第 15 页，共 15 页
1 ．C
【原文】M: Do you know that learning a language can improve our brain and give us a longer life
W: I can’t believe it! How can that possibly be true
M: Studies have shown that it can put off some problems of old age.
2 ．B
【原文】W: Did you know that hydrogen is the most common element on the planet It makes up around 80% of our world.
M: I heard it makes up some of the human body as well.
W: True! And it helps to produce energy in the body.
3 ．A
【原文】W: Look over there, a mini volcano is erupting. It’s like a tiny science party.
M: Yeah, the kid is so excited explaining how he uses baking soda and vinegar to make this experiment.
W: It’s amazing how simple things can make science so fun at this fair.
4 ．C
【原文】W: I’m so frustrated. I water my sunflowers regularly，but the leaves are turning yellow. I even used the fertilizer.
M: Make sure they are getting enough sunlight. Sunflowers need at least 6 hours of direct sun every day and don’t water them too much.
5 ．A
【原文】W: Here, take a look at that one. It’s in the tree across from us. I don’t believe I’ve ever seen it before.
M: Oh, it’s beautiful! According to my book, it’s very special because it has a blue tail. They don’t normally live around here.
6 ．B 7 ．A
【原文】W: Did you know that in the ocean near one of Indonesia’s islands, there are octopuses that change their colors, shapes and behavior to look and act like other sea animals
M: Incredible! Why do they do that
W: The mimic octopuses usually live in shallow sandy areas where there are many shells and
small fish that they like to eat. However, large animals such as sharks often approach these areas
答案第 1 页，共 15 页
as well. As the mimic octopuses have no place to hide, they mimic sea snakes and lionfish to avoid disaster.
M: So, mimicking is one of their survival strategies.
W: Right.
8 ．A 9 ．C 10 ．B
【原文】M: I’m thinking about planting some vegetables in the backyard. We could grow potatoes, tomatoes, and carrots. It would be so nice to have fresh food to eat, and we would spend more
time outside. What do you think
W: I think that’s an excellent idea. Could we plant some corn and onions, too We could save a lot of money by doing that.
M: Sure. You’re right that we can save money, but it is a lot of work. That’s why I’ll need your help. I can’t do it alone.
W: What will we have to do
M: Well, after we plant the vegetables, we’ll have to water them regularly, protect them from
animals, and we should also keep the backyard clean and neat. Do you think we can do all that
W: I think so. I like a challenge. Plus, it will be worth it.
11 ．A 12 ．B 13 ．C
【原文】W: Do you know Nat King Cole
M: You mean the pop singer Yeah. What about him
W: In his song “Smile”, he tells people to smile through heartbreak. But now, research suggests that false happiness may just make things worse.
M: Really Tell me more about it.
W: Researchers took pictures of bus drivers and then looked into the expressions on their faces.
M: They did What happened then
W: After following the drivers closely, researchers found that the drivers had to force a smile at work. They felt so bad that they wanted to give up their jobs.
M: I never imagined it could be so serious. Why is that
W: The report says when people try to hold back bad feelings, it turns out that the feelings become even stronger and last longer.
M: Look at my face. Do I smile a real smile
答案第 2 页，共 15 页
14 ．D 15 ．B 16 ．A 17 ．B
【原文】W: Electricity has become such an accepted part of modern life that we would be lost without it. Countless conveniences which we take for granted, such as cookers, refrigerators, TVs and lighting could not operate without a source of electric power. The situation about a modern
aircraft is not different. Peter Pletcher from Frankfurt Airport is here to tell us about electricity in aeroplanes. Peter, hello.
M: Hello, and thank you for inviting me onto your programme.
W: How is an aircraft provided with electrical power, Peter
M: Well, of course, it has to produce its own.
W: I see. How much power is usually produced
M: Oh, yes. On a Boeing 747,325 kilowatts of electricity is produced. Did you know that ifall the electrical devices installed in an aircraft were switched on at once, then 224 kilowatts of electric
power would be required That’s the amount consumed by 15 private homes.
W: That is a lot. So how does the aircraft use the electricity
M: Well, most is consumed in the kitchens. Then a further 20 percent is used by electronic, water and technical systems on board. Thirteen percent is used for the air conditioning, five percent of the lighting, three percent for the in-flight entertainment system. The remainder is consumed by the de-icing system for the windows and the water pipes in the kitchens and toilets.
W: What about the reliability of the supply
M: Of course, the power supply on an aircraft must not fail.
W: But surely the jet engines don't always run at the same speed.
M: Exactly. There’s a device to ensure that the electricity is supplied at a uniform rate. There’s also a back-up emergency device, delivering five kilowatts of power, which is enough to operate vital systems.
W: Peter Pletcher, that was fascinating. Now we know! Thank you very much.
M: Thank you.
Questions
1. What are the two speakers talking about
2. According to the man, what percent of electricity is consumed for the air conditioning
3. According to the man, what can be learned about on-board electricity
答案第 3 页，共 15 页
4. What can a back-up emergency device do
18 ．B 19 ．C 20 ．A
【原文】
Research shows cats’ reputation as a cold pet is untrue. Because of their evolutionary
ancestry, domestic cats are, by their nature, more independent than dogs. While they may not rely upon people to feel safe as dogs do, many cats show love towards their owners. Cats behave
towards humans in the same way that they respond to other cats, so the secret of whether your cats feel bonded to you lies in their behavior.
One of the most obvious signs that your cats are fond ofyou is the way that they greet you. A tail held in the upright flagpole position shows a friendly intention, indicating familiarity and
trust. Cats sometimes twist their tails together as a sign of friendship. They usually wrap their tails around people’s legs to show affection.
Rolling over and exposing their stomachs is another gesture that a cat has the greatest trust in you. This is not usually a request for a belly rub. Attempts to stroke a cat’s belly will often
result in an escape.
Your cats might also secretly show their love in the way they look at you. When cats
encounter strange humans or other cats they don’t know, they usually greet them with a stare. But they are likely to slowly blink at cats they have a good relationship with.
21 ．B 22 ．A 23 ．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现，摄入精制碳水化合物如甜食和高度加工食品会影响面部吸引力。
21．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Upon arrival, they were assigned to consume one of two types of breakfasts having the same caloric values: one high in refined carbohydrates and the other low.”
（到达目的地后，他们被分配食用两种热量相同的早餐中的一种：一种是高精制碳水化合物早餐，另一种是低精制碳水化合物早餐。） 以及第三段中“To evaluate long-term dietary habits, the participants completed detailed dietary questionnaires concerning their consumption during
breakfast, afternoon snacks, and between-meal snacks on the day before the study.”（为了评估长期饮食习惯，参与者填写了详细的饮食调查问卷，内容涉及研究前一天早餐、下午点心和两餐之间点心的食用情况。）可知第二段和第三段主要说的是研究方法。故选 B 项。
22 ．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“the researchers found that a higher energy intake at
答案第 4 页，共 15 页
breakfast was associated with increased attractiveness for both men and women, suggesting that
foods high in fats and proteins, which do not lead to rapid glycemic responses, might contribute
positively to perceived attractiveness(研究人员发现早餐时摄入更多的能量与男性和女性的吸引力增加有关，这表明富含脂肪和蛋白质的食物，不会导致快速的血糖反应，可能对感知吸引力有积极的贡献)”可知，富含脂肪和蛋白质的食物，不会导致快速的血糖反应，可能对感知吸引力有积极的贡献，由此推知剧烈的血糖反应可能会降低吸引力。故选 A 项。
23 ．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In a new study, researchers have unveiled interesting findings that link the consumption of refined carbohydrates-such as sugary snacks and highly processed
foods-with changes in facial attractiveness. ”（在一项新的研究中，研究人员公布了一项有趣的发现，即精制碳水化合物的摄入与面部吸引力的变化有关。）可知，这个研究的目的是为了探索精制碳水化合物的摄入与面部吸引力的变化之间复杂的关联。故选 D 项。
24 ．D 25 ．B 26 ．C 27 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了自我认知的重要性、定义以及人类在自我认知方面的局限性和改进方法。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘Know thyself’ is the most famous saying of Greek philosophy. The idea of self-knowledge is so foundational to a meaningful existence. (‘认识你自己’是希腊哲学中最著名的格言。 自我认知的理念是有意义的存在的基础)”接着引用了哲学家 Seneca 和Shakespeare 的话来强调自我认知的重要性。由此可知，作者提到 Seneca 和 Shakespeare 是为了加强“ 自我认知是有意义的存在的基础”这一论点。故选 D。
25 ．推理判断题。根据第二段中“For neuroscientists, self-knowledge is the combination of two forms of information, your own self-beliefs and your perceptions of how others view you. This
technical definition of self-knowledge concerns only the mechanisms involved and does not say
anything about the quality of the information.(对于神经科学家来说，自我认知是两种信息形式的结合，即你自己的自我信念和你对他人如何看待你的看法。这种自我认知的技术定义只涉及所涉及的机制，并没有说明信息的质量)”和“However, I strongly question that the thinkers at Greece had a bit more in mind than this; they no doubt meant ‘Know thyself accurately. ’ (然而，
我强烈质疑希腊的思想家们是否有比这更多的想法；他们无疑是指‘准确地认识你自己。’)”可知，作者对神经科学家关于自我认知的定义（仅关注机制，不涉及信息质量）持怀疑态度，觉得其过于浅显，认为古希腊思想家所指的自我认知更为准确和深入。故选 B。
26 ．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Many things in our lives go unnoticed because we don’t know
答案第 5 页，共 15 页
the language for them or don’t understand them. This is called hypo-cognition, a deficit of
cognition. (我们生活中的许多事情都被忽视了，因为我们不知道如何用语言描述它们，或者不理解它们。这被称为 hypo-cognition ，一种认知缺陷)”可知，下划线词 hypo-cognition 指的是缺乏描述特定经历的概念。故选 C。
27 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Research has shown that more honest self-awareness — of both positive and negative information — improves self-development because you know what to
improve. This enables better personal decision making rooted in accurate information, especially
when striving toward goals. (研究表明，更诚实的自我意识——包括正面和负面信息——有助于自我发展，因为你知道需要改进什么。这使得基于准确信息的更好的个人决策成为可能，尤其是在追求目标时)”可知，文章暗示我们应该停止为不利的自我认知找借口，而是要诚实地面对自己，以便更好地改进和发展。故选 C。
28 ．B 29 ．D 30 ．B 31 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本早稻田大学的研究人员运用依恋理论研究人类与人工智能的关系，开发了 EHARS 量表来衡量人们对人工智能的依恋倾向，并探讨了该研究的应用和意义。
28 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Nowadays, with human-AI interactions becoming more frequent and complex, scientists have made remarkable efforts to better understand human-AI relationships in terms of trust and companionship. (如今，随着人类与人工智能的互动变得更加频繁和复杂，科学家们为了从信任和陪伴的角度更好地理解人类与人工智能的关系，付出了巨大的努
力。)”可知，科学家在人类与人工智能关系研究中的重点是信任和陪伴。故选 B 项。
29．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The results also suggest a need for honesty and openness in AI systems that simulate (模拟) emotional relationships, such as romantic AI apps or caregiver
robots, to prevent emotional over-dependence. (研究结果还表明，对于模拟情感关系的人工智能系统，如浪漫的人工智能应用程序或护理机器人，需要保持诚实和开放，以防止情感过度依赖。)”和最后一段“As AI has been increasingly applied to everyday life, people may begin to seek not only information but also emotional support from AI systems. “It promotes a better
understanding of how humans connect with technology on a society level, helping to guide policy and design practices that prioritize psychological well-being,” concludes Mr. Yang. (随着人工智能越来越多地应用于日常生活，人们可能不仅开始从人工智能系统中寻求信息，还会寻求情感支持。杨先生总结道：“这有助于更好地理解人类在社会层面上如何与技术建立联系，从
答案第 6 页，共 15 页
而指导制定优先考虑心理健康的政策和设计实践。”)”可知，作者认为该研究有助于指导政策和实践，但也需防止对人工智能的情感过度依赖，这表明作者对研究结果持谨慎乐观的态度。故选 D 项。
30．推理判断题。纵览全文可知，文章在前三段首先提出了研究背景及研究的理论概念 ——利用依恋理论关注人类与人工智能的关系；接着在第四段介绍了研究工具 ——EHARS 量表及其包含的维度；然后在第五、六、七段阐述了研究发现 —— 参与者对人工智能的使用情况等；最后一段说明了研究的应用 —— 对人工智能系统设计和策略调整的指导意义。因此，文章是按照“概念——工具——发现——应用” 的顺序组织的。故选 B 项。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段“A group of researchers from Waseda University, Japan, including research associate Fan Yang from the Faculty of Letters, Arts and Sciences have used
attachment theory to examine human-AI relationships. (日本早稻田大学的一组研究人员，包括文理学院的研究助理杨帆，利用依恋理论研究人类与人工智能的关系。)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员利用依恋理论研究人类与人工智能的关系，开发了新的测量工具 EHARS ，并探讨了该研究的应用和意义。C 项“Applying Attachment Theory to Human-AI Bonds (将依恋理论应用于人类与人工智能的关系)”准确概括了文章主旨，适宜作为文章标题使用。故选 C项。
32 ．D 33 ．B 34 ．A 35 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是心脏移植后可能出现的性格变化及其潜在原因。
32 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Changes in personality following a heart transplant have been
noted pretty much ever since transplants began. In one case, a man developed a passion for
classical music after receiving a musician’s heart. Another, a 45-year-old man, began loving loud headphone music after receiving a 17-year-old heart, something he never did before.(自从心脏移植开始以来，人们就注意到心脏移植后的性格变化。在一个案例中，一名男子在接受了一位音乐家的心脏后，对古典音乐产生了热情。另一个 45 岁的男人，在 17 岁的时候得到了一颗心后，开始喜欢上了耳机里响亮的音乐，这是他以前从未做过的事情。)”可知，两位心脏移植受者发展了新的个性。故选 D。
33 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“A heart from a donor might have a different level of hormones
compared with the original heart, and this could change the recipient’s mood and personality.(来自捐赠者的心脏可能与原始心脏的激素水平不同，这可能会改变接受者的情绪和性格。)”和倒数第二段“While in transplant surgery, many of the nerves that govern the function of the organ
答案第 7 页，共 15 页
are cut and are not able to be reattached, this doesn’t mean that the nerves within the organ do not still function. In fact, there is evidence that they may be partially restored a year after surgery.
These neurochemical actions and interactions could feed into the nervous system of the recipient, triggering a physiological response that then affects the recipient’s personality according to
memories from the donor.(虽然在移植手术中，许多控制器官功能的神经被切断，无法重新连接，但这并不意味着器官内的神经不再起作用。事实上，有证据表明，它们可能在手术一年后部分恢复。这些神经化学反应和相互作用会进入接受者的神经系统，引发生理反应，然后根据捐赠者的记忆影响接受者的性格。)”可知，激素水平变化与神经恢复会导致器官移植后的变化。故选 B。
34 ．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“While in transplant surgery, many of the nerves that govern the function of the organ are cut and are not able to be reattached, this doesn’t mean that the
nerves within the organ do not still function. In fact, there is evidence that they may be partially
restored a year after surgery.(虽然在移植手术中，许多控制器官功能的神经被切断，无法重新连接，但这并不意味着器官内的神经不再起作用。事实上，有证据表明，它们可能在手术一年后部分恢复。)”可知，they 指代的是“受损的神经” ，故选 A。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Changes in personality following a heart transplant have been noted pretty much ever since transplants began.(自从心脏移植开始以来，人们就注意到心脏移植后的性格变化。)” ，第三段“A heart from a donor might have a different level of
hormones compared with the original heart, and this could change the recipient’s mood and
personality.(来自捐赠者的心脏可能与原始心脏的激素水平不同，这可能会改变接受者的情绪和性格。)”和倒数第二段“While in transplant surgery, many of the nerves that govern the
function of the organ are cut and are not able to be reattached, this doesn’t mean that the nerves
within the organ do not still function. In fact, there is evidence that they may be partially restored
a year after surgery. These neurochemical actions and interactions could feed into the nervous
system of the recipient, triggering a physiological response that then affects the recipient’s
personality according to memories from the donor.(虽然在移植手术中，许多控制器官功能的神经被切断，无法重新连接，但这并不意味着器官内的神经不再起作用。事实上，有证据表明，它们可能在手术一年后部分恢复。这些神经化学反应和相互作用会进入接受者的神经系统，引发生理反应，然后根据捐赠者的记忆影响接受者的性格。)”可知，本文主要讲的是心脏移植后可能出现的性格变化及其潜在原因，因此最恰当的题目是 D 选项“Can Organ Transplants
答案第 8 页，共 15 页
Change Personality (器官移植能改变人格吗？)”。故选 D。
36 ．C 37 ．E 38 ．F 39 ．B 40 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了打造 DIY 香草园的相关内容，强调这是一项有益的尝试，能带来诸多好处，并详细阐述了打造香草园的实用步骤，包括选择合适位置、挑选香草、准备土壤等，以帮助读者创建一个繁茂的香草园。
36 ．根据空前的“Whether you’re an experienced gardener or a beginner, a well-maintained herb garden can enhance your cooking, add beauty to your space, and even provide a sense of
relaxation. (无论你是经验丰富的园丁还是初学者，一个维护良好的香草园能改善你的烹饪，为你的空间增添美感，甚至带来放松的感觉。)”可知，此处强调打造香草园的诸多益处，结合空后的“By following these practical steps, you can create a thriving herb garden that will serve you well for seasons to come. (通过遵循这些实用步骤，你可以创建一个繁茂的香草园，在未来的季节里为你带来诸多益处。)”可知，引出打造成功香草园需遵循的步骤。C 选项“But
achieving a successful herb garden requires careful planning and the right techniques. (但要打造一个成功的香草园，需要精心的规划和正确的技巧。)” 中的“But”与前文形成转折，既肯定了香草园的好处，又引出下文的步骤，符合语境。故选 C 项。
37 ．根据空后的“The first crucial step is choosing the right location for your herb garden. Most herbs thrive in full sunlight, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. (第一个关键步骤是为你的香草园选择合适的位置。大多数香草在充足的阳光下生长旺盛，每天需要至少 6-8 小时的直射阳光。)”可知，本段围绕香草园的位置和规模等展开。E 选项“Determine the size of your garden based on the available space and the number of herbs you want to grow. (根据可用空间和你想种植的香草数量来确定花园的大小。)”是选择位置时需要考虑的因素，作为段落首句，引出下文对位置选择的具体阐述。故选 E 项。
38 ．根据空前的“Consider the amount of sunlight your chosen spot receives throughout the day. (考虑你所选地点全天接收的阳光量。)”可知，上文提到要考虑所选地点的日照情况，结合空后的“If you live in an area with strong winds, find a sheltered location or use windbreaks to
protect your delicate herbs. (如果你住在风力较大的地区，找一个避风的地方或使用防风林来保护你娇嫩的香草。)”可知，此处应继续说明选择位置时需要考虑的其他因素。F 选项“Also, consider the proximity to a water source, as regular watering is essential for herb growth. (此外，
考虑到水源的距离，因为定期浇水对香草生长至关重要。)” 中的“Also”承接前文，补充了位置选择的另一个要点，符合语境。故选 F 项。
答案第 9 页，共 15 页
39．根据空前的“Think about which herbs you use most frequently in your cooking. Basil, thyme, rosemary, and oregano are popular choices for enhancing the flavor of Italian dishes. (想想你在烹饪中最常用哪些香草。罗勒、百里香、迷迭香和牛至是提升意大利菜肴风味的热门选择。)”可知，上文列举了几种用于意大利菜肴调味的香草，由此可知，此处应继续举例说明其他香草及其用途。B 选项“Lavender, on the other hand, is not only great for baking but also has a
soothing aroma. (另一方面，薰衣草不仅非常适合烘焙，而且有一种令人舒缓的香气。)”通过“on the other hand” 引出另一种香草，与前文例子相呼应，符合语境。故选 B 项。
40．根据空前的“You can improve the soil quality by adding compost, aged manure, or peat moss. (你可以通过添加堆肥、腐熟的粪肥或泥炭苔来改善土壤质量。)”可知，上文提到要改善土壤质量，添加有机物资，结合空后的“This helps the roots of the herbs grow easily. (这有助于香草的根系轻松生长。)”可知，此处应说明疏松土壤的方法。D 选项“Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the soil to a depth of about 8-10 inches. (用园艺叉或耕耘机将土壤疏松到约 8-10 英寸
深。)” 具体说明了改善土壤的操作方法，承接上文，符合逻辑。故选 D 项。
41 ．A 42 ．C 43 ．A 44 ．A 45 ．D 46 ．D 47 ．B 48 ．C
49 ．B 50 ．C 51 ．B 52 ．A 53 ．D 54 ．D 55 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述鱼在冰水中的生存原理及相关自然现象。
41 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些动物却设法生活在这个地区。A. manage 设法做到；B. struggle 挣扎；C. try 尝试；D. hope 希望。根据上文“They live in the Arctic and Antarctic Circle”及下文“to live in this region”可知，这些动物成功在极寒地区生存，此处表示这些动物设法生活在这个地区，manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事” 。故选 A。
42 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：北极和南极海洋的冰冷海水孕育了大量的海洋生物。A. trap困住；B. transport 运输；C. support 养育，支撑；D. measure 测量。根据下文“a great amount of marine life”可知，这些水域为海洋生物提供了生存条件，此处表示孕育了大量的海洋生物。故选 C。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：数百万年来，生命一直保持不变，使这些动物能够适应这些特定的生存模式。A. adapt to 适应；B. devote to 致力于；C. keep in mind 记住；D. get rid of摆脱。根据上文“life has remained unchanged”及下文“these particular patterns of existence”可知，动物需要适应特殊的生存环境，“adapt to”符合语境。故选 A。
44 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它们确实从自然界得到了一些帮助。A. nature 自然界；
答案第 10 页，共 15 页
B. human 人类；C. science 科学；D. society 社会。根据下文“All liquids have a boiling point and a freezing point.”可知，下文解释水的物理特性（如结冰规律），属于自然现象，此处表示从自然界得到了一些帮助。故选 A。
45 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当外界温度降至水的冰点以下时，湖泊和河流就会结冰。
A. rises 上升；B. changes 改变；C. jumps 跳跃；D. declines 下降。根据下文“below the freezing point of water”可知，此处表示温度降至水的冰点以下。故选 D。
46 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有湖泊或河流的表层结冰。A. Moreover 此外；B. Therefore 因此；C. Otherwise 否则；D. However 然而。前文提到温度下降水会结冰，后文转折说明只有表层结冰，前后为转折关系，应用 however 。故选 D。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在结冰的上层下面，水仍然保持液态，不会结冰。A. solid固体的；B. liquid 液体的；C. hard 坚硬的；D. soft 柔软的。根据下文“does not freeze”可知，此处表示冰层下的水为液态。故选 B。
48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，鱼类和其他海洋动物能够在冰冻的湖泊和池塘中舒适地生活。A. For instance 例如；B. In other words 换句话说；C. As a result 因此；D. On the contrary相反。前文解释冰层下保留液态水和氧气，后文为结果，此处表示因果关系，应用 as a
result 。故选 C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是为什么整个水体不会像一块巨大的、湖泊大小的冰块一样冻结呢？A. flow 流动；B. freeze 冻结；C. melt 融化；D. drop 下降。根据下文“like a giant, lake-sized ice-cube”可知，此处表示为什么水为何不全部结冰，“freeze”符合语义。故选 B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在较冷国家的冬季，外界温度非常低，湖泊和池塘的上层水开始冷却。A. boiling 沸腾；B. combing 梳理；C. cooling 冷却；D. functioning 运转。根据上文“During winter months in colder countries, the outside temperature is very low”可知，此处表示上层水开始冷却降温。故选 C。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当表层水温降至 4℃时，水体达到最大密度并下沉。A. floats up 浮起；B. sinks down 下沉；C. stands up 站起来；D. calms down 平静下来。根据下文“The water that drops down”可知，此处表示水体达到最大密度，会向下沉。故选 B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：下沉的水取代了下面的水，同时下面的水层上升。A. replaces取代；B. advances 前进；C. stimulates 刺激；D. transforms 转变。根据下文“the lower layers of water simultaneously rise up”可知，上下层水发生交换，此处表示下沉的水取代了下面的水。
故选 A。
答案第 11 页，共 15 页
(
e
)53 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：表层水最终在 0℃时结冰，而下层仍保持在 4℃ 。A. bottom底部；B. middle 中间；C. density 密度；D. surface 表面。根据上文“When the temperature of th surface layers falls to 4℃”以及下文“while the lower part still remains at 4℃”可知，此处表示表层水结冰。故选 D。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冰不容易让热量通过，所以下面水的冻结是一个非常缓慢的过程。A. quick 快的；B. easy 容易的；C. stable 稳定的；D. slow 慢的。根据上文“Ice does not allow heat to pass through it easily”可知，冰层阻碍热量散发，冻结过程缓慢。故选 D。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，某些种类的比目鱼和极地鱼生长速率降低，以便它们能够适应这种恶劣的环境生存下来。A. reduced 减少的；B. fastened 固定的；C. updated 更新的；D. survived 幸存的。根据上文“but food is scarce”及下文“so that they can adapt to this tough situation to survive”可知，食物稀缺导致生长速率降低。故选 A。
56．resources 57．an 58．enabling 59．as 60．is 61．their 62．which
63 ．personal 64 ．to apply 65 ．truly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了上大学被视为必要， 因其是知识摇篮，能提供学术资源、培养思维；学位助于职业发展，校园生活拓宽视野，还能促进个人成长。
56．考查名词的数。句意： 首先，大学是知识的摇篮，为学生提供了获取各类学术资源的途径。根据上文 various 可知，可数名词 resource 数量大于一，用复数形式。故填 resources。
57．考查冠词。句意： 从最先进的实验室到规模庞大的图书馆，这些设施为深入学习提供了理想的环境。此处 environment 为泛指，且 ideal 是发音以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填 an。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意： 通过参加各类课程，学生们不仅能够获得专业知识，还能培养批判性思维能力，从而能够从多个角度分析复杂问题。此处 enable 是非谓语动词，该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语，故填 enabling。
59 ．考查介词。句意：此外，大学学历往往能为个人打开通往良好职业前景的大门。短语serve as 表示“作为”。故填 as。
60．考查时态。句意： 此外，校园生活是一个多元文化的融合场所，学生们能够与来自不同背景的同学进行交流互动。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为 campus life，谓语用单数。故填is。
61．考查代词。句意： 这种经历有助于他们拓宽视野，培养跨文化沟通能力，而在一个全球
答案第 12 页，共 15 页
化的社会中，这些能力是极其宝贵的。结合前面的 them，修饰名词 worldview 用形容词性物主代词 their。故填 their。
62．考查定语从句。句意： 这种经历有助于他们拓宽视野，培养跨文化沟通能力，而在一个全球化的社会中，这些能力是极其宝贵的。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 skills，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句作主语，用关系代词 which。故填 which。
63．考查形容词。句意：此外，大学是个人成长的肥沃土壤。修饰名词 growth 用形容词 personal作定语。故填 personal。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意： 参加辩论比赛、组织慈善活动或者领导学生社团， 都能让他们将理论知识应用到实际情境中去。短语 allow sb. to do sth.表示“ 允许某人做某事”。故填 to
apply。
65．考查副词。句意： 真正丰富大学生活的是拥有这样一个机会：能够发现自己的热爱所在，建立长久的友谊，成长为全面发展、能够适应现实世界的优秀人才。修饰动词 enrich 用副词 truly 作状语。故填 truly。
66 ．One possible version：
Week 1
A single seed has been planted in the centre of each pot. Water has been added and the pots have been put in a spot with 12－16 hours of indirect sunlight, the purpose of which is to protect the seeds from burning. Each pot has been watered daily. Before long, the sprouts start to pop out of the soil.
Week 5
To my delight, on the stem are several leaves, which are long and narrow. The pots have been placed in a location with at least 6 hours of indirect sunlight. Direct sun will burn the
bamboo seedlings. So make sure that the plants get about half sun, half shade.
Week 8
The stems have grown to around 30 centimetres tall and each has a number of green leaves. The bamboo plants have been transplanted from pots to open soil. And the new bamboo plants are watered 2－3 times a week.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，要求考生根据竹子种植的图片写一篇观察日志，记录竹子不同阶段的生长情况。
【详解】词汇积累
答案第 13 页，共 15 页
种植：planted → sowed
目的：purpose → objective
保护：protect → safeguard
确保：make sure → ascertain句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：The pots have been placed in a location with at least 6 hours of indirect sunlight.
拓展句：The pots have been positioned in a location that receives at least six hours of diffused sunlight daily.
【高分句型 1】Water has been added and the pots have been put in a spot with 12－16 hours of indirect sunlight, the purpose of which is to protect the seeds from burning.（使用了 “介词+关系代词” 引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型 2】The pots have been placed in a location with at least 6 hours of indirect sunlight. （使用了介词短语作状语）
67 ．参考范文：
Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it. After John continued to climb higher and pick more lychees, she approached Grandma and asked shyly, “Can you show me how to take the spiky skin off the lychee, Grandma ” Grandma Mei smiled
with delight. With practiced hands, she took the skin off to show the juicy fruit beneath. “Here you go, dear,” she handed it to Lily. The initial taste made Lily’s face light up in surprise. The
sweetness was unlike any other fruit she had tried before.
Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees. Grandma Mei shared stories of her homeland, Guangdong, and how the tradition of growing lychees was passed down in their family. John told his childhood
days, climbing and playing around the same tree. Lily, now a new fan of the fruit, listened
attentively, her hands busy with another lychee, understanding the deeper roots of her family’s legacy. The family tree, standing tall, silently witnessed another beautiful day binding the
generations together even more tightly.
【导语】文章以荔枝树为线索展开，讲述了 John 开车带着 Lily 来到Mei 奶奶家的车道时，那棵熟悉的荔枝树迎接了他们。看到孙女，奶奶问 Lily 是否要吃荔枝。John 热情地要行动
答案第 14 页，共 15 页
起来摘荔枝。John，急于开始一天的工作，开始爬树，决心为家人收获最好的荔枝。当 John熟练地用割刀剪断树枝时，Lily 表达了她对这棵树健康状况的关心。John 向她解释说，剪掉树枝的末端不会伤害到荔枝树。相反，这种行为使它更健康、更强壮。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“Lily 对水果的犹豫逐渐变成了好奇，她想尝尝。”可知，第一段可描写Lily 初次品尝荔枝的过程和感受。
②由第二段首句内容“下午晚些时候，他们都坐在树下，周围是装满荔枝的盒子，分享与荔枝有关的故事。”可知，第二段可描写奶奶和爸爸跟 Lily 分享故事的过程以及 Lily 的反应。
2.续写线索：爸爸摘了很多荔枝——Lily 询问奶奶荔枝的吃法——奶奶剥下果皮并递给
Lily——荔枝的味道让 Lily 感到惊讶——奶奶和爸爸分享与荔枝有关的故事——Lily 专心听讲——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
继续做某事：continue to do sth./proceed to do sth.
面露喜色：light up/beam with delight
忙于做某事：be busy with sth./be occupied with sth.
情绪类
惊讶地：in surprise/in astonishment
专心地：attentively/intently 【点睛】[高分句型 1]
Grandma Mei shared stories of her homeland, Guangdong, and how the tradition of growing lychees was passed down in their family.（运用了 how 引导宾语从句）
[高分句型 2]
John told his childhood days, climbing and playing around the same tree.（运用了现在分词作状语）
答案第 15 页，共 15 页

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