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Unit 2 单元测试卷 B
(考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分)注意事项：
1 ．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2 ．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3 ．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 ．Why is Smith so successful
A ．Because he is always thinking of others.
B ．Because he never makes any mistake.
C ．Because he can answer questions quickly.
2 ．What are the speakers talking about
A ．How to deal with stress. B ．How to read books. C ．How to enjoy a job.
3 ．What does the man think is most needed to succeed
A ．Effort. B ．Luck. C ．Talent.
4 ．What does the man think is most needed to succeed
A ．Effort. B ．Luck. C ．Talent.
5 ．What does the man think is most needed to succeed
A ．Effort. B ．Luck. C ．Talent.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
试卷第 1 页，共 13 页
6 ．Why is the man stressed
A ．He’s busy with his exam.
B ．The professors don’t like him.
C ．He has a lot of schoolwork to do.
7 ．What will the woman do
A ．Do exercise with the man.
B ．Teach the man to read fast.
C ．Help with the man’s schoolwork.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8 ．What does the man usually do to reduce pressure
A ．Go jogging. B ．Practice yoga. C ．Read comic books. 9 ．Which of the following instruments does the woman like best
A ．The guitar. B ．The handpan. C ．The Chinese guqin.
10 ．Where did the woman probably first experience sound healing
A ．In a tea room.
B ．In a yoga studio,
C ．In a sound therapy center.
听下面一段较长对话, 回答以下小题。
11 ．What are the speakers talking about
A ．Working conditions. B ．Job stress. C ．Free time
12 ．What does the man expect the boss to do
A ．Provide extra work.
B ．Increase the workers’ pay
C ．Provide stress management training.
13 ．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A ．Workmates.
B ．Boss and Secretary.
C ．Interviewer and interviewee.
试卷第 2 页，共 13 页
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14 ．Who are the speakers
A ．Teacher and student. B ．A couple. C ．Friends.
15 ．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A ．Whether kids should work for pocket money.
B ．How kids can balance work and study.
C ．What kids can do at home.
16 ．What did the man do when he was young
A ．He washed the dishes. B ．He worked on a farm. C ．He delivered newspapers.
17 ．What is the woman’s attitude towards sleep for young people
A．They have too much sleep. B．They should have enough sleep. C．They should go to bed early.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18 ．What is the purpose of the project
A ．To promote TV nature programs.
B ．To explore ways to allow people indoors to enjoy nature.
C ．To compare the benefits of indoor and outdoor activities.
19 ．How many UK people live in an urban environment
A ．One in eight. B ．Three in five. C ．Four in five.
20 ．What might people be asked to do in the experiment
A ．Watch a video. B ．Write a paper. C ．Get outdoors.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer reading
Looking for a cool new book this season Here are some good books to read!Houdini and Me
试卷第 3 页，共 13 页
Harry Mancini is an 11-year-old in New York City. He has read every book he can find about the great magician Harry Houdini. He has the same first name as Houdini and lives in a house where the magician once lived. One day, Harry hits his head on some rocks. He wakes up in a hospital and finds a phone. When he opens it, he sees a message from Harry Houdini — who has been
dead for nearly a hundred years! Could it really be Harry Houdini Anyone would love Houdini and Me, by Dan Gutman.Paradise on Fire
In Paradise on Fire, by Jewell Parker Rhodes, Addy is a 15-year-old girl who lives with her
grandmother in the Bronx, in New York City. When she was young, Addy escaped from an
apartment fire that killed her parents. Now she draws maps of the places she visits. When a fire
breaks out at the wilderness camp she attends, Addy knows what to do. Will Addy be able to lead other campers to safety Chunky
Chunky, by Yehudi Mercado, is a colorful memoir (传记). When the author was a kid, his parents and doctor encouraged him to be more active. Hudi tries various sports. But they all take Hudi
away from the thing that he truly loves: comedy. His imaginary friend, Chunky, appears
throughout the story to help Hudi achieve his dreams. Chunky is a great book for kids trying to find where they might fit in.Black Boy Joy
The short stories in Black Boy Joy, edited by Kwame Mbalia, celebrate the pleasures of Black childhood. There are also stories about triumphs (胜利) and competitions. Most are short, with simple plots. You don’t have to read a giant book all in one go. You can take it a little at a time.
21 ．What happens to Addy
A ．She fails to become a magician. B ．She receives a strange message.
C ．She loses a sporting competition. D ．She experiences a fire when camping.
22 ．Whose book is about a boy who follows his true love of comedy
A ．Dan Gutman’s. B ．Kwame Mbalia’s. C ．Yehudi Mercado’s. D ．Jewell Parker Rhodes’s.
23 ．Which book is a collection of short stories
A ．Chunky. B．Black Boy Joy. C．Houdini and Me. D．Paradise on Fire.
B
试卷第 4 页，共 13 页
I’m a college teacher and researcher. At 40 years old, I’d been writing essays (文章) for ten years. While I’d achieved small success landing unpaid bylines (署名行), most of my essays went ignored after I shot them off into the black hole of the Internet.
But writing is in my bones, and despite my frustration (沮丧), giving up didn’t seem like an option. I decided to go back to school. Last summer, I took a writing class with The New York
Times bestselling author Susan Shapiro.
To my surprise, Shapiro’s course was not just an education in how to get your writing
published. It was also an eight-week lesson on how to get over yourself. She told stories about
how hard she’d worked to get her essays out into the world. She was always forthcoming (愿意提供信息的) about how much writing, rewriting, submitting (提交), and resubmitting she’d had to do. “The harder I work, the luckier I get,” she said.
For our last class, Shapiro encouraged us to write about our most embarrassing secret. I admitted how masks allowed me to fully enjoy the freedom from wondering what other people were thinking about the lower half of my face. Five weeks later, my essay, “I am insecure about my face. For me, masks are liberating”, was published in The Washington Post. It was my first piece published in the major media and the first time I’d been paid for my writing.
Five months after my piece was published, I landed a book deal. I am now officially a writer for children. My first novel, Jawbreaker, is set to be published in the spring of 2023.
After so much rejection, landing a book deal was something that I never thought would happen to me. Taking Shapiro’s class and learning to get over myself had changed my life. I continue to set publishing goals, and am no longer discouraged by rejection.
24 ．Why did the author feel disappointed
A ．She was too old to be a writer. B ．She didn’t get well paid for her writing.
C．Her writing was rejected by publishers. D．Her teacher didn’t think she could be a writer.
25 ．What did the author do to improve her writing
A ．She attended a writing class. B ．She visited bestselling authors.
C．She studied successful writers’ works. D．She went back to school for a higher degree in literature.
26 ．What did Shapiro ask the author to do in the end
A ．Find the cause of her failure to be a published author.
试卷第 5 页，共 13 页
B ．Draw up a detailed publication plan for her first novel.
C ．Share her secret of becoming a writer for children.
D ．Get inspiration from her most awkward secret.
27 ．What can we learn from the author’s success
A ．Good advice is beyond all price. B ．Writing gives people confidence.
C ．Education is the key to success. D ．Perseverance pays off.
C
We have often heard that “work smart and not hard” ．Does only smart work bring you success And if so, then why are so many ofus still busy putting our blood and sweat into
working hard Here, we’ll discuss hard work and smart work.
Hard work is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective (不考虑的) of its worth, not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment (投入) and sincerity from the person. Although being
boring and tiresome, it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul.
One of the preconditions of smart work is having in-depth knowledge or experience of the work in hand, because that allows you to look for efficient ways to do the work in a planned time. Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using
logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals. Besides, it also gives you enough time to learn a new task while completing the present one.
Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is
the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard can you gather the expertise (专门技能) and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.
You will attain great heights and lead a better and comfortable life if you combine both
smart and hard work together. If you are not smart, your hard work will never pay. A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it
needs. In a similar way, smart work is the result of hard work. To master the quality of smart
work, you really need to work hard. Through hard work, we gain experience which helps us
discover new things that may make us work smartly. The effort is important ，but where to make that effort makes a difference.
试卷第 6 页，共 13 页
28 ．What can we learn about hard workers from Paragraph 2
A ．They lack proper work skills.
B ．They always have great patience.
C ．They tend to ignore the goal of work.
D ．They can obtain excellent results from their work if they work with heart and soul.
29 ．How can smart workers save a lot of time
A ．By making a sensible plan.
B ．By making use of innovative ways.
C ．By learning experience from others.
D ．By getting inspiration from a new task.
30 ．What does the author think of hard work
A ．It is inspiring. B ．It is ineffective.
C ．It is challenging. D ．It is fundamental.
31 ．What does the example of donkey in Paragraph 5 intend to show
A ．It is useless to work hard.
B ．It is necessary to work smartly.
C ．The efforts you make matter most.
D ．The horse is cleverer than the donkey.
D
Wikipedia defines a lifestyle as the way a person lives.This includes patterns of social
relations, consumption, entertainment, and dress.A lifestyle typically also reflects an individual’s attitudes, values or worldview.A healthy lifestyle is generally characterized as a “balanced life” in which one makes “wise choices”.
A healthy lifestyle is a valuable resource for reducing the incidence (发生率) and impact of health problems, for dealing with life stressors successfully, and for improving the quality of
life.There is a growing body of scientific evidence that shows our lifestyles play a huge part in
how healthy we are.From what we eat and drink, to how much exercise we take, and whether we smoke or take drugs, all will affect our health, not only in terms of life expectancy (预期寿命), but how long we can expect to live without experiencing severe disease.
试卷第 7 页，共 13 页
Conditions such as hypertension (高血压), diabetes, joint disease, and mental illness are
responsible for a vast number of deaths and disabilities.Currently, we only reckon on the provision (提供) of clinical care by highly trained health professionals as our major strategy to deal with
these conditions.However, the truth is, many occurrences of health problems can be prevented or at least postponed by having a healthy lifestyle.
It is so important to make “keeping healthy” a part of our day-to-day living habits.Your
health depends on what you do throughout the day, every day.Here is a real simple
solution—slowly improve your lifestyle in a step-by-step way.Take one small step for your health today, keep that one going, and add another one every two months.If you take one new health step every two months, for example, in two to three years you will be among the healthiest ten percent of people in the Western world.And you will see and enjoy the benefits.
Living a healthy lifestyle will bring you happiness, health and the life of your dreams.You can fit into your favorite pair of jeans again.You can enjoy all the benefits that perfect health
offers you.You can feel your best at all times of the day.
32 ．What is the benefit of having a healthy lifestyle according to Paragraph 2
A ．It can make us less stressed.
B ．It can solve our health problems.
C ．It can make us adjust to the pace of life.
D ．It can determine our physical condition.
33 ．What does the underlined phrase “reckon on” in Paragraph 3 mean
A ．Call for. B ．Rely on.
C ．Pay for. D ．Think about.
34 ．What is the author’s suggestion on improving our lifestyle
A ．Make a plan to improve it gradually.
B ．Ask advice from a trained health expert.
C ．Take one new health step every three months.
D ．Imitate the healthiest people’s lifestyle worldwide.
35 ．What is the structure of the text
A ．①—②③—④⑤ B ．①②—③④—⑤
C ．①—②—③④⑤ D ．①—②③—④—⑤
试卷第 8 页，共 13 页
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The science of setting goals.
It’s the time of year when we think to ourselves: our New Year’s resolutions will totally work out this time. 36 . But what if this year really could be different Kelly McGonigal, a psychologist, shares four tips.
Choose a goal that matters, not just an easy win. Our brains love rewards, so we often set
simple goals that make it easy to check off boxes. But if that’s all are about, no wonder we end up abandoning them so quickly. A meaningful goal requires going deeper. 37 . For example, if you want to quit eating junk food, ask why you want to quit it. Then, if you want to quit it for your health, ask why you want good health.
38 .When we set goals, it’s easy to focus on that magical ending. But we can’t control outcomes. We have to inch toward them, one choice at a time. Ask yourself, “What is the smallest thing I can do today that helps me reach my goal ” If you make daily choices that are consistent
with your goal over and over again, you will eventually reach it.
Frame your goals positively. Focusing on what you want to bring into your life –not what you want to avoid — will make you more likely to actually pursue it. “Any sort of avoidance is going to trigger inhibition systems. 39 ,” says McGonigal.
Prepare for failure. Moments of failure are inevitable, but most of us abandon the goal
entirely when minor failures and setbacks start piling up. Your task is not to avoid failures, but to plan for them. Ask yourself, “How am I likely to fail ” For example, if you’re likely to choose
unhealthy meals when you’re hungry, carry a light snack that can tide you over. 40 .
A ．Focus on the process, not the outcome
B ．Psychologists call this an emergency plan
C ．It really drives home why that goal matters
D ．Never mind that we abandoned them very quickly
E ．How you describe your goal makes a big difference
试卷第 9 页，共 13 页
F ．Think about what you want, and then ask yourself why
G ．But positive goals are going to trigger approach and reward motivation
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In high school, I did a scientific experiment. The experiment made me that science could teach us a lot. It teaches us the so we know where we are from. That day, I firmly to be a scientist. Ever since that day, I have studied harder in all my science-related
subjects. After school, I do much research on how I can become a scientist in the future.
One of my in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock, who was awarded the
1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25, she already had her PhD in botany. After that, she started her as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she herself to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She something that helped the other scientists the things about genetics (遗传学).
I know I will be able to achieve my as long as I put my heart and perseverance
into it. If I achieve my goal, I will share my of success with all the kids who also love
science and want to become scientists. My future will be as as the stars in the night sky. However, my future is still far. I will make the most of the to achieve my greatest
ambition of becoming a scientist.
41 ．A ．doubt B ．wonder C ．realize D ．value
42 ．A ．school B ．origin C ．growth D ．study
43 ．A ．refused B ．volunteered C ．continued D ．decided
44 ．A ．especially B ．possibly C ．properly D ．separately
45 ．A ．happy B ．popular C ．real D ．careful
46 ．A ．experiences B ．persuasions C ．generations D ．inspirations
47 ．A ．attempt B ．career C ．praise D ．tradition
试卷第 10 页，共 13 页
48 ．A ．devoted B ．invited C ．limited D ．reduced
49 ．A ．reason B ．freedom C ．right D ．opportunity
50 ．A ．heard B ．expected C ．discovered D ．awarded
51 ．A ．set out B ．figure out C ．stick out D ．take out
52 ．A ．dream B ．reward C ．fame D ．stage
53 ．A ．fortune B ．location C ．light D ．secret
54 ．A ．bright B ．capable C ．proud D ．brave
55 ．A ．lesson B ．present C ．mind D ．heart
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An armless rockstar traveled the world playing music on a bass guitar — using only his toes.
Music-lover Mark Goffeney, from San Diego, California, was born without arms but made up his mind 56 (follow) his dream in the music industry.
Teaching himself the basics, Mark kick-started his life as a musician on the streets — performing for and entertaining both locals and 57 (tourist).
Later he went from street to stage and played in a 58 (success) band, while his solo performances took 59 (he) across Europe and Asia.
Mark was raised by a musical family and by the age of nine he was already working on his own music, as well as acting 60 a poster child for several charities (慈善机构). It is
estimated (估计) that the musician raised more than $13m for children’s charities.
Musically, Mark started out by playing the trombone (长号) in a school band until his
father brought home an old guitar 61 was missing two strings. Deciding that it would be a challenge to learn, Mark took up the instrument and 62 (begin) practicing.
He said: “Through 63 (learn) to play the guitar, I thought I could 64 (actual) get other people to feel the way I feel about certain types of music. I like rock and can
draw a crowd and get people singing. I don’t do what I do as a way 65 asking for help — I am here to entertain.”
试卷第 11 页，共 13 页
第四部分 写作(满分 40 分)
第一节、书信写作
66．假如你是李华，打算参加学校组织的一场以“梦想”为主题的演讲比赛。请根据下面提示写一篇演讲稿。词数 100 左右。
1、你的梦想是什么。
2、为什么要有梦想。
3、如何实现梦想。
第二节 读后续写
67 ．阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。
Three months later was the Middle School Championship Baseball Game of the spring
season! The winners would all get trophies (奖杯), Jonas was determined to bring home a trophy to put on his shelf for he had never won one before.
He insisted on practicing in the stadium with friends every day. Day in and day out, the
gloves became worn-out. Jonas thought, “I want a pair of new baseball gloves for better practice!“
Jonas passed by a store and saw a pair of delicate gloves, which cost thirty-five dollars. But when Jonas asked for the new baseball gloves, his mother only sighed. “Your birthday isn’tuntil
July, ” she said. “If you want the gloves sooner than that, you will have to buy it yourself. If you want something, earn it by yourself. ”
Jonas thought hard. He was too young to drive to work like Dad, and he couldn’t turn his
bedroom into an office to work at home like Mom. He went to his favorite thinking spot to look at the bird feeder in his back yard.
As Jonas was thinking about getting a job, it began to snow. At first there were only a few flakes (雪花), but soon the ground turned white.
试卷第 12 页，共 13 页
“I know!” cried Jonas. “I’ll shovel (铲) the sidewalks on snow days. If I’m fast, I can do a lot of houses and make a lot of money. ”
So Jonas put on his warmest sweater and fastened the button of his winter coat. He also added scarf, gloves and a hat. Then he went into the garage to grab a shovel.
Jonas started next door. He rang the bell and asked Mr. Travers if he would like his
sidewalks shoveled. “Yes,” said Mr. Travers. “But you should wait until it stops snowing before you start or you will have to do it twice.”
“I’ll be back!” said Jonas. He went around the block to see who would like their walks shoveled after the storm. He had eight customers by the time he got back to his own house.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When it stopped snowing, Jonas grabbed his shovel and got to work.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Tired but happy, Jonas looked at the forty dollars earned from his work.
试卷第 13 页，共 13 页
1 ．A
【原文】M: Smith always seems to know other people’s problems.
W: That is true. I think that’s why he has been so successful in his work.
2 ．A
【原文】W: How do you cope with stress
M: According to the book I've read, we should try to enjoy our job, set time to relax every weekend, and forget our job for a moment to refresh our mind.
3 ．B
【原文】W: Robert, which do you think you need more of, luck, talent or effort to succeed in the arts
M: In my opinion, you need the opportunity to succeed and not everyone gets the right opportunity even if they’re really talented and devoted.
4 ．B
【原文】W: Robert, which do you think you need more of, luck, talent or effort to succeed in the arts
M: In my opinion, you need the opportunity to succeed and not everyone gets the right opportunity even if they’re really talented and devoted.
5 ．B
【原文】W: Robert, which do you think you need more of luck, talent or effort to succeed in the arts
M: In my opinion, you need the opportunity to succeed, and not everyone gets the right opportunity, even if they’re really talented and devoted.
6 ．C 7 ．A
【原文】M: I am really stressed.
W: It’s only the beginning of school term. How can you already be feeling pressure
M: I have a lot of difficult classes this term. The professors are not going easy on us. I have nearly 100 pages to read this week and I have a huge paper to hand in on Monday. I can’t think clearly. I also can’t sleep at night.
W: I can’t help you with your schoolwork, but I can share with you some ways to reduce stress. Get into some exercise clothes. We’re going for a run.
答案第 1 页，共 13 页
8 ．A 9 ．C 10 ．B
【原文】W: What do you usually do when you feel stressed
M: I usually jog five kilometers. I think jogging is an escape from the pressure of my life.
W: I tried doing yoga and reading comic books to reduce stress before, but they didn’t help much. Fortunately, I discovered a very effective way to reduce stress — sound healing.
M: Sound healing Can you be more specific
W: Simply speaking, it’s healing through sound. A sound therapist uses instruments to produce sounds from nature to relax people.
M: What kind of instruments are usually used
W: There are guitars, the Chinese guqin, gongs and handpans. Among them, I enjoy the Chinese guqin the most.
M: Where can you experience sound healing
W: I currently go to a sound therapy center. In addition, some yoga studios and tea rooms also offer sound healing. I first experienced sound healing during a yoga class.
11 ．B 12 ．C 13 ．A
【原文】W: Do you sometimes feel stressed by your work, Jim
M: Of course! It is the No. 1 stressor in my life. You know job stress has become a very common problem these days. So we must learn to deal with it.
W: I agree. What is your solution
M: Well, I am trying to balance work and rest time.
W: You seem to have a relaxed attitude.
M: It is necessary. Positive attitude helps to stop stress.
W: But I don’t think we can change our work time. Anyway, we are not the boss.
M: I expect our boss to provide stress management training and make changes, like avoiding extra work and organizing relaxing activities. And in that way he will have a healthy team.
W: I agree with you. Our boss is a clever person.
M: Yeah, just relax and work happily.
14 ．C 15 ．A 16 ．B 17 ．B
【原文】W: Do you think young people should also have jobs when they are at school
M: I do. I think kids should work for their pocket money.
答案第 2 页，共 13 页
W: What kind of work
M: Helping with the washing up, cleaning…whatever. They should realize they need to work if they want to have money.
W: My kids are very good at those things. Both of them help with jobs around the house.
M: That’s good, but I don’t think all young people are like that these days.
W: To be fair, I suppose a lot of parents want their kids to concentrate on their schoolwork.
M: I always had enough time to do my schoolwork in my youth, even though I also worked on my dad’s farm.
W: I used to deliver newspapers. I had to be up at 6:00 a.m., whatever the weather.
M: It didn’t do you any harm, did it I bet you still did well at school.
W: I did OK, although I was tired all day. I really think young people need to get enough sleep. It is sleep that helps their brains develop.
18 ．B 19 ．C 20 ．A
【原文】
Feeling low Being in nature is known to reduce stress and boost your mood. But what if
you cannot get outside A new experiment wants to help scientists understand how to bring the
benefits of nature to those stuck inside their homes. “We’re trying to explore all of the ways
people can experience nature at home,” says Alex Smalley from the University of Exeter, who is running the project. “Many studies have shown we are the happiest and healthiest in nature,
seeing, hearing and smelling it. But not everyone has the luxury of getting outdoors”. Four fifths
of the UK population lives in an urban environment and one in eight indoors do not have a garden. But the team from the University of Exeter says there are still many ways that people can enjoy
nature at home. “Some of us might just stare out of a window,” says Smalley. “Others might
engage in watching nature programs on TV. We’ve actually got very little understanding of how each of those different kinds of experiences can impact our happiness.” So, to find out more, the University of Exeter has created an experiment to help understand the emotions people feel when they watch scenes of nature online or on television. When people click on a link they will see a
video of“a virtual nature experience”. But what people hear will be different and chosen at
random. They will then be asked to provide information about the emotions they experience when they watch the video.
答案第 3 页，共 13 页
(
21 D
22
C
23
B
). . .
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四本图书。
21．细节理解题。根据Paradise on Fire部分中“ When a fire breaks out at the wilderness camp she attends, Addy knows what to do.(当她参加的野外营地发生火灾时，艾迪知道该怎么做)”可知， Addy 参加野营时遭遇了火灾。故选 D。
22．细节理解题。根据Chunky 部分中“Hudi tries various sports. But they all take Hudi away from the thing that he truly loves: comedy. His imaginary friend, Chunky, appears throughout the story to help Hudi achieve his dreams. (胡迪尝试各种运动。但这些都让胡迪远离了他真正热爱的东西:喜剧。他想象中的朋友，胖墩儿，在整个故事中出现，帮助胡迪实现他的梦想。)”可知， Chunky 一书讲述男孩 Hudi 追求自己热爱的喜剧，努力追求梦想的故事。故选 C。
23 ．细节理解题。根据 Black Boy Joy 部分中“The short stories in Black Boy Joy, edited by
Kwame Mbalia, celebrate the pleasures of Black childhood. There are also stories about triumphs (胜利) and competitions. Most are short, with simple plots. You don’t have to read a giant book
all in one go. You can take it a little at a time.(由夸梅·姆巴利亚编辑的短篇小说《黑人男孩的欢乐》歌颂了黑人童年的快乐。也有关于胜利和比赛的故事。大多数都很短，情节简单)”可知， Black Boy Joy 一书是短篇故事集。故选 B。
24 ．C 25 ．A 26 ．D 27 ．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者分享了自己在写作路上遭遇的坎坷和自己成功的经历。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“While I’d achieved small success landing unpaid bylines (署名行), most of my essays went ignored after I shot them off into the black hole of the Internet.(虽然我取得了小小的成功，获得了无偿的署名，，在我把它们扔进了互联网的黑洞后，大多数文章都被忽视了)”以及第二段“But writing is in my bones, and despite my frustration (沮丧), giving up didn’t seem like an option.(但写作是我骨子里的东西，尽管我很沮丧，但放弃似乎不是一个选择)”可知，作者投出的大多数作品都石沉大海，这让她很沮丧。故选 C。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“I decided to go back to school. Last summer, I took a writing class with The New York Times bestselling author Susan Shapiro.(我决定回到学校。去年夏天，我上了《纽约时报》畅销书作家苏珊·夏皮罗的写作课)”可知，为了提升自己的写作能力，作者决定继续深造，报名上了《纽约时报》一位畅销书作家的写作课程。故选 A。
26 ．细节理解题。根据第四段“For our last class, Shapiro encouraged us to write about our most embarrassing secret. I admitted how masks allowed me to fully enjoy the freedom from wondering
答案第 4 页，共 13 页
what other people were thinking about the lower half of my face. Five weeks later, my essay, “I
am insecure about my face. For me, masks are liberating”, was published in The Washington
Post.(最后一堂课，夏皮罗鼓励我们写下我们最尴尬的秘密。我承认，面具让我充分享受了 自由，不用再去想别人对我脸的下半部分有什么看法。五周后，我的文章《我对自己的脸没有安全感，对我来说，面具是解放》” ，发表在《华盛顿邮报》上)”可知，在最后一节课上， Shapiro 鼓励作者把自己最难以启齿的秘密写出来，作者由此获得了写作灵感，文章也终于刊登在了主流媒体上。故选 D。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“After so much rejection, landing a book deal was something that I never thought would happen to me. Taking Shapiro’s class and learning to get over myself had
changed my life. I continue to set publishing goals, and am no longer discouraged by rejection.(在被拒绝了这么多次之后，我从未想过自己会有出书的机会。上了夏皮罗的课，学会了克服自我，这改变了我的生活。我继续设定出版目标，不再因被拒而气馁)”结合文章讲述了作者酷爱写作，但是却屡屡受挫。然而，作者没有选择放弃，她决定继续努力，参加了畅销书作家的写作课程，不断提升自己的写作能力。在老师的指点下，作者终于获得了成功，成为了一名儿童文学作家。由此可知，作者的故事告诉读者只要坚持不懈、永不放弃就一定会有回报。故选 D。
28 ．D 29 ．B 30 ．D 31 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了勤奋地工作和聪明地工作的特点，并表示工作方式的改进需要将两者结合起来。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although being boring and tiresome, it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul. (虽然它是无聊和令人厌倦的，但如果你全心全意地去做，它可以给你最好的结果。)”可知，勤奋的工作者如果全心全意地工作，他们可以获得好结果。故选 D 项。
29 ．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals. (作一个 聪明的员工可以节省很多时间，因为你可以通过使用逻辑和创新的方法来实现你的目标，从而来减少你的工作)”可知，聪明工作的人可以通过创造性的方式节省大量的时间。故选 B 项。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard can you gather the
expertise(专门技能) and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve
答案第 5 页，共 13 页
on it and work smartly.(虽然聪明的工作似乎是一个更好的选择，但我们忘记了，聪明的工作是努力工作的成果。只有当你努力工作时，你才能收集到专业技能和知识来理解手头的工作，并有效地改进它，并聪明地工作。)”可推断，作者认为勤奋工作是根本。故选 D 项。
31．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs. In a similar way, smart work is the result of hard work. To master the quality of smart work, you really need to work hard. Through hard
work, we gain experience which helps us discover new things that may make us work smartly.The effort is important，but where to make that effort makes a difference.( 驴子只做艰苦的工作，而马做艰苦的工作，并随时随地使用它的聪明才智。同样，聪明的工作是努力工作的结果。要掌握智能工作的质量，你真的需要努力工作。通过努力工作，我们获得经验，这有助于我们发现新事物，使我们更聪明地工作。努力很重要，但在哪里努力是重要的)”可知，作者讲述驴子的例子是为说明聪明的工作是努力工作的结果，努力工作是重要的，但是知道在哪里努力也是重要的，因此推断这个例子是用说明聪明的工作是必要的。故选 B。
32 ．A 33 ．B 34 ．A 35 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是健康的生活方式，如何养成健康的生活方式及其对我们的意义。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A healthy lifestyle is a valuable resource for reducing the incidence (发生率) and impact of health problems, for dealing with life stressors successfully, and for improving the quality of life.(健康的生活方式是减少健康问题的发生率和影响、成功地处理生活压力和提高生活质量的宝贵资源。)”可知，拥有健康的生活方式可以减轻我们的压力。故选 A。
2.词义猜测题。根据下文“However, the truth is, many occurrences of health problems can be
prevented or at least postponed by having a healthy lifestyle.(然而，事实是，许多健康问题的发生可以通过健康的生活方式来预防或至少推迟。)”可知，前后文是转折关系，因此可以推断我们可以通过借助健康的生活方式，来推迟很多健康问题出现的时间，甚至是避免健康问题的出现，而不只是依靠专业的医疗手段。划线句句意：目前，我们只认为由训练有素的卫生专业人员提供临床护理是我们处理这些疾病的主要战略。由此可推断，reckon on 意为“依靠” 。故选 B。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Here is a real simple solution — slowly improve your lifestyle
答案第 6 页，共 13 页
in a step-by-step way.(这里有一个真正简单的解决办法——一步一步地慢慢改善你的生活方式)”以及下文举例“Take one small step for your health today, keep that one going, and add
another one every two months.If you take one new health step every two months, for example, in two to three years you will be among the healthiest ten percent of people in the Western
world.And you will see and enjoy the benefits.(今天为你的健康迈出一小步，坚持下去，每两个月再增加一小步。例如，如果你每两个月采取一个新的健康步骤，在两到三年内，你将成为西方世界最健康的 10%的人之一。你会看到并享受其中的好处。)”可知，作者建议制定计划逐步改善生活方式。故选 A。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引入健康生活方式的定义，第二、三段介绍健康的生活方式的重要性，第四段介绍如何养成健康的生活方式，第五段是总结段，说明健康生活方式带来的积极影响。故选 D。
36 ．D 37 ．F 38 ．A 39 ．G 40 ．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地制定新年目标。
36 ．根据空前“It’s the time of year when we think to ourselves: our New Year’s resolutions will totally work out this time.(这是一年中我们思考的时候：我们的新年决心在这个时候完全实现。)”可知，空前提到我们的新年决心在这个时候完全实现，故 D 项“不要介意我们如此快地抛弃它们”符合，新年决心在这个时候完全实现，故不用介意可以马上抛弃它们了，D 项中的 them 指代的就是上文中的 New Year’s resolutions ，故选 D 项。
37 ．根据空后“For example, if you want to quit eating junk food, ask why you want to quit it.
Then, if you want to quit it for your health, ask why you want good health.(比如说，如果你想要 戒掉垃圾食品，问问你自己为什么想要戒掉它。然后，如果你是为了健康戒掉它，问问你自己你为什么想要健康。)”可知，空后举出了实例，在制定目标前需要询问自己具体的原因，故此处 F 项“ 思考自己想要什么，并问你自己为什么”符合，本空提出要询问自己为什么，空后给出具体的例子，故选 F 项。
38 ．根据空后“When we set goals, it’s easy to focus on that magical ending. But we can’t control outcomes.(当我们制定目标，很容易把专注力放在神奇的结局上。但是我们不能控制结
果。)”可知，空后提出我们制定目标而不能控制结果，故 A 项“注重过程，而非结果”符合，制定目标时，不要太专注结果，故选 A 项。
39 ．根据空前“Focusing on what you want to bring into your life –not what you want to avoid – will make you more likely to actually pursue it. “Any sort of avoidance is going to trigger
答案第 7 页，共 13 页
inhibition systems.(专注于你想把什么带到你的生活中，而不是你想要避免什么会让你更有可能真正追求它。任何形式的回避都会触发控制系统。)”可知，空前提到在制定目标时，不能回避，而需要真正的追求。且空前一句提到了任何形式的回避都会触发控制系统，故此处 G项“但是积极的目标会触发方法和奖励的动力”符合，回避会触发控制系统，然而积极的目标则会触发方法和奖励动力，积极的目标能给你带来方法和奖励，故选 G 项。
40．根据空前“For example, if you’re likely to choose unhealthy meals when you’re hungry, carry a light snack that can tide you over.(比如说，如果你在饿的时候可能会选择不健康的食物，那就带上一份能让你渡过难关的清淡零食。)”可知，B 项“ 心理学家称之为应急计划”是前文的顺承，在饿了可能会选择不健康的食物时，就带上一份清淡零食来应急，故心理学家称之为应急计划，B 项中的 this 指代空前的这一操作，故选 B 项。
41 ．C 42 ．B 43 ．D 44 ．A 45 ．C 46 ．D 47 ．B 48 ．A
49 ．D 50 ．C 51 ．B 52 ．A 53 ．D 54 ．A 55 ．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者在中学某次做实验的时候，发现了科学能够教会我们很多东西，自此作者励志成为一名科学家，尽管未来很遥远，作者会充分把握现在去实现梦想。
41 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个实验让我意识到科学可以教会我们很多东西。A. doubt怀疑；B. wonder 想知道；C. realize 意识到；D. value 珍视。后文“It teaches us the 2 so we know where we are from.”进一步描述科学教会了我们的具体内容，所以该空表示实验让作者“意识”到了科学能教育我们。故选 C。
42 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会我们起源，让我们知道自己来自哪里。A. school 学校；B. origin 起源；C. growth 成长；D. study 学习，研究。根据空后内容“so we know where we are (因此我们知道我们来自于哪里)”可知科学教了我们“起源” 。故选 B。
43 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我下定决心要成为一名科学家。A. refused 拒绝；B. volunteered 志愿做；C. continued 继续；D. decided 决定。此处考查动作顺序。空前作者通过做实验发现了科学能教授内容；空后“I have studied harder 4 in all my science-related subjects.”作者更加努力去学习与科学有关的学科，所以该空描述作者“决定”去成为一名科学家。故选 D。
44 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我更加努力地学习，尤其是在所有与科学相关的科目上。
A. especially 尤其；B. possibly 可能；C. properly 适当地；D. separately 分别地。前文讲述作
答案第 8 页，共 13 页
者决定成为一名科学家，所以“尤其”会对与科学相关的课程更关注。故选 A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正的科学家的研究。A. happy 高兴的；B. popular 受欢迎的；C. real 真实的；D. careful 仔细的。前文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家并为之付诸努力，所以此处作者去调研如何成为一名“真正” 的科学家。故选 C。
46 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成为科学家的灵感之一是 Barbara McClintock ，她曾获得 1983 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。A. experiences 经历；B. persuasions 说服；C. generations 代； D. inspirations 灵感。根据后文具体介绍的科学家 Barbara McClintock 可知，她是作者变成科学家的“灵感”之一。故选 D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，她作为玉米细胞遗传学研究的领导者开始了她的职业生涯，并将她的余生奉献给了这项研究。A. attempt 尝试；B. career 事业；C. praise 表扬；D. tradition 传统。空后“ the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) ”是她从事的“事业” 的具体领域。故选 B。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，她作为玉米细胞遗传学研究的领导者开始了她的职业生涯，并将她的余生奉献给了这项研究。A. devoted 奉献；B. invited 邀请；C. limited限制；D. reduced 减少。根据空后“for the rest of her life”可知，Barbara McClintock 开启研究后，余生都“奉献”给了这项研究。故选 A。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我很幸运，有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负，我想成为 McClintock 博士那样的人。A. reason 理由；B. freedom 自由；C. right 权利；D. opportunity机会。根据空后“I want to be like Doctor McClintock”和空前提示词“lucky”可知，此处表示将来未发生的，所以是被给予成为科学家的“机会” 。故选 D。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的发现帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的一些事情。A. heard听说；B. expected 期待；C. discovered 发现；D. awarded 授予。根据空后内容“something that helped the other scientists”可知，她“发现” 的一些事情帮助了其他科学家。故选 C。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的发现帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的一些事情。A. set out 出发；B. figure out 弄清楚；C stick out 伸出；显眼；D. take out 取出。McClintock 博士所发现的东西帮助了其他科学家“弄清楚” 了关于遗传学的内容。故选 B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道只要我把我的心和毅力投入其中，我就能实现我的梦想。A. dream 梦想；B. reward 奖励；C. fame 荣誉；D. stage 阶段，舞台。由提示动词 achieve可知，A 选项符合题意，同时呼应前文的“ambition” 。故选 A。
答案第 9 页，共 13 页
53 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我实现了我的目标，我将与所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们分享我的成功秘诀。A. fortune 幸运；B. location 位置；C. light 光；D. secret秘诀。根据空后“of success with all the kids”可知，作者会和孩子们分享成功的“秘诀”。故选D。
54 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的未来会像夜空中的星星一样明亮。A. bright 明亮的； B. capable 有能力的；C. proud 自豪的；D. brave 勇敢的。作者把自己的未来比作天上的星星，所以应该是“ 明亮的”。故选 A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将充分利用现在来实现我成为一名科学家的最伟大的抱负。
A. lesson 课程；B. present 现在；C. mind 思维；D. heart 内心。前文描述作者的未来还很遥远，所以此处应该是作者会充分把握好“现在”去实现未来目标。故选 B。
56．to follow 57．tourists 58．successful 59．him 60．as 61．that## which
62 ．began 63 ．learning 64 ．actually 65 ．of
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了无臂音乐家 Mark Goffeney 的故事。
56 ．考查动词不定式。句意：来自加州圣迭戈的音乐爱好者马克·戈芬尼生来就没有双臂，
但他下定决心要在音乐行业追寻自己的梦想。make up one’s mind to do sth.下定决心做某事。故填 to follow。
57．考查可数名词的复数。句意： 通过自学基础知识，马克开始了他的街头音乐家生涯——为当地人和游客表演和娱乐。tourist 意为“游客”，为可数名词，根据语境和空前的 both locals and 可知，此处表示复数意义，故填 tourists。
58．考查形容词。句意： 后来，他从街头走向舞台，并在一个成功的乐队中演奏，而他的个人演出则将他带到欧洲和亚洲。设空处作前置定语，修饰名词 band，表示“成功的”，用形容词，故填 successful。
59．考查代词。句意： 后来，他从街头走向舞台，并在一个成功的乐队中演奏，而他的个人演出则将他带到欧洲和亚洲。设空处作 took 的宾语，用宾格，故填 him。
60 ．考查固定搭配。句意： 马克出生在一个音乐家庭，9 岁时就开始创作自己的音乐，同时还为几个慈善机构代言。act as ... 充当 。故填 as。
61．考查定语从句。句意： 在音乐方面，马克一开始是在学校乐队里吹长号，直到他父亲把一把缺了两根弦的旧吉他带回家。设空处引导限制性定语从句， 指代先行词 guitar，且在从句中作主语，故填 that 或 which。
答案第 10 页，共 13 页
62．考查一般过去时。句意：马克意识到学习它是一个挑战，于是拿起乐器开始练习。根据语境和上文中的 took up 可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填 began。
63．考查动词-ing 形式。句意：通过学习弹吉他，我认为我可以让其他人对某些类型的音乐有同样的感受。设空处作介词 Through 的宾语，用动词-ing 形式，故填 learning。
64．考查副词。句意：通过学习弹吉他，我认为我可以让其他人对某些类型的音乐有同样的感受。修饰动词 get ，作状语，用副词 actually ，故填 actually。
65．考查介词。句意：我所做的一切并不是为了寻求帮助，我是来娱乐的。”a way of doing sth.做某事的途径或方法。故填 of。
66 ．Good morning, boys and girls,
My name is LiHua. It’s an honor to be here and to share my thoughts about dreams with you.
Do you have a dream I do! My dream is to become a teacher, which has been inspiring me for years. There are mainly two reasons. First of all, I have a passion for sharing knowledge.
What’s more, teachers can have a huge impact on students ’ lives, guiding them to a bright future. To reach my goal, I’m taking action. On one hand, I focus on my studies to gain knowledge. On
the other hand, I seize every chance to get related experience. I know there will be difficulties, but I’ll never give up. As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” I believe my dream will come true if I keep trying.
Let’s hold on to our dreams and work hard for them. The future is full of possibilities.
Thank you for listening!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文， 要求考生写一篇演讲稿参加学校组织的一场以“梦想”为主题的演讲比赛。其内容包括：你的梦想是什么、为什么要有梦想和如何实现梦想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激励： inspire→ motivate
首先：first of all→ to begin with
而且： what’s more→ moreover
影响：impact→ influence
2.句式拓展句型转换
原句： I believe my dream will come true if I keep trying.
答案第 11 页，共 13 页
转换句：I hold the belief that my dream will come true if I keep trying.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】My dream is to become a teacher, which has been inspiring me for years. （运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型 2】What’s more, teachers can have a huge impact on students’ lives, guiding them to a bright future. （运用了现在分词作状语）
67 ． When it stopped snowing, Jonas grabbed his shovel and got to work. Standing on Mr
Traver’s sidewalks, initially, Jonas was sort of clumsy, but soon he became so expert that it took only 20 minutes to shovel the snow to the sides of the road. When Mr Travers handed Jonas a
5-dollar bill with satisfaction, his face cracked into a smile. Soaked with sweat, he even took off his winter clothes. Waving goodbye, Jonas headed for the second client’s, doing the work in the same order he talked to his neighbors. 3 hours flashed by before he knew it. With all the work
finished, each neighbour gave him a thumb-up, as well as the reward, which added up to 40 dollars.
Tired but happy, Jonas looked at the forty dollars earned from his work. It was enough for the
gloves. Hardly had Jonas taken the new baseball gloves in the store when he began to practice. His perfect performance won the opportunity to take part in the championship Baseball Game. Hard
practice paid off, he and his friends won the first prize. When he took his trophy home and put it on his shelf, his mother spotted he had become a maturer teenager, who could cope with problems life held in store for him.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了想捧个奖杯放在架子上的乔纳斯，他的手套因为频频训练而磨损了，为了买一副新的棒球手套，乔纳斯乘着下雪天气，为 8 个邻居打扫人行道，用所获得报酬买到了手套，最终得奖杯的梦想也实现了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“ 当雪停了，乔纳斯抓起他的铲子开始工作。”可知，第一段可描写作者为 8 户邻居清除人行道上的雪，并得到了报酬。
②由第二段首句内容“乔纳斯很累，但很高兴，他看着工作挣来的 40 美元。”可知，第二段可描写乔纳斯花钱买了手套，参加了比赛，最终获得奖杯，妈妈看见了他的成长。
2.续写线索：乔纳斯出门扫雪——邻居满意给酬谢——买回手套去锻炼——获得胜利捧奖杯——乔纳斯成长了
答案第 12 页，共 13 页
3.词汇激活行为类
①.停止：stop / cease
②.汗流浃背：be soaked with sweat / be bathed with sweat
③.参加：take part in / participate in情绪类
①.开心的：happy / joyful
②.疲倦的：tired / weary
【点睛】[高分句型 1]. With all the work finished, each neighbour gave him a thumb-up, as well as the reward, which added up to 40 dollars. （with 结构，由 which 引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型 2]. Hardly had Jonas taken the new baseball gloves in the store when he began to
practice.（倒装句）
答案第 13 页，共 13 页

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