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Unit 1 单元测试卷 B
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 ．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A ．An artist. B ．The bears in the zoo. C ．An amazing painting.
2 ．Which one is the right answer to the question
A ．Li He. B ．Li Bai. C ．Li Shangyin.
3 ．How old was Elvis when he died
A ．42 years old. B ．50 years old. C ．77 years old.
4 ．Which sport has the woman ever played
A ．Basketball. B ．Football. C ．Baseball
5 ．Whose works does the woman suggest reading
A ．Emily Dickinson’s. B ．Robert Southey’s. C ．Charles Dickens’ .
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
试卷第 1 页，共 14 页
6 ．When did Xiao Li come back
A ．In the evening. B ．At 5 :00 p. m.. C ．5 minutes ago.
7 ．What was Xiao Wang doing then
A ．She was reading. B ．She was writing. C ．She was cooking.
8 ．How old was Martin Luther King when he won the Noble Peace Prize
A ．55 years old. B ．45 years old. C ．35 years old.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
9 ．When did Nightingale decide to enter nursing
A ．In 1820. B ．In 1845. C ．In 1854.
10 ．Why did Nightingale gain the nickname “The Lady with the Lamp”
A ．It was named after the city of her birth.
B ．She liked lamps very much and had a collection of them.
C ．She often tended to injured soldiers at night during the war.
11 ．What is the woman going to do this afternoon
A ．Write a paper for Professor Brian’s course.
B ．Look for some information in the library.
C ．Have a discussion with the man.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
12 ．Who will be on the face of the $20 bill
A ．Susan. B ．Harriet Tubman. C ．Alice Paul.
13 ．What did Susan B. Anthony do
A ．She saved many slaves.
B ．She helped pass a new law.
C ．She started an important conversation.
14 ．Why are the speakers excited
A ．The 19th Amendment was just passed.
B．Women will be featured on U. S. money.
C ．Alexander Hamilton won't be on the $10 bill.
试卷第 2 页，共 14 页
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
15 ．What did the woman use to do for big competitions
A ．She swam 35 miles per week.
B ．She took a break at weekends.
C ．She arrived at the pool at 6: 00 a. m.
16 ．What did the woman achieve at the last Olympics
A ．She won six medals. B ．She won eight cups. C ．She broke all the records.
17 ．Why has the woman given up swimming
A ．She prefers visiting other countries.
B ．She can’t win any competitions.
C ．She is too old for a swimmer.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18 ．What did Rachel Carson focus on at first
A ．Oceans. B ．Chemistry. C ．Food.
19 ．What is Silent Spring mainly about
A ．The effects of birds’ unusual behavior.
B ．The improvements in farming practices.
C ．The connection between humans and nature.
20 ．What does the speaker suggest
A ．Printing books by Carson.
B ．Stopping using chemicals.
C ．Reflecting on Carson’s message.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
HEROES IN YOUR EYES
试卷第 3 页，共 14 页
Everyone knows the people who have helped to change the face of the world in recent years. From Bill Gates to Steve Jobs to Jack Ma, few would not recognize their names. However, those who
work tirelessly behind the scenes often go unnoticed, in spite of their great achievements. If you
know anyone who deserves to have their contributions recognized, we would love to hear from
you! Let us know how these people have helped to make a difference in your eyes. ●The person I respect most is the geophysicist Huang Danian, who helped China to make many technological
advance. Huang was a remarkable scientist. He had studied and worked in Britain for 18 years, but when he felt that his country needed him, he gave up his well-paid job and returned to China. Over the next seven years, Huang worked to develop many devices needed for deep-Earth exploration. Unfortunately, such achievements didn’t come cheap. Due to the frantic pace of his research,
Huang was absent from his father’s funeral, and even his own cancer went undetected as he had no time to see a doctor. To sum up, Huang sacrificed everything for his research and I think more people should honour him.
(Zhang Keyu, Hubei) ●I want to tell everyone about two teachers on Changyu Island, Wang
Kaiquan and Lin Zhujin. Few people know about this hometown of mine. The island is beautiful, but it’s quite isolated, and there aren’t many modern conveniences. In bad weather even our water and power supplies are unstable. People who have never been to our island are often surprised by this and find it hard to adjust. Many who live on the island dream of leaving. These two primary school teachers, however, have stayed on for 23 long years! They are the only teachers here, and they plan to stay for as long as there are children who need to attend school. I want to thank them, and let the world know about these teachers who work tirelessly every day for the sake of the
children.
(Chen Xueyin, Fujian)
21 ．What quality do Huang Danian and the two teachers have in common
A ．Ambitious. B ．Dedicated. C ．Innovative. D ．Honest.
22 ．According to the text, which of the following is true
A ．The magazine wants readers to send in stories about admirable people.
B ．Huang Danian kept working hard even he knew he came down the cancer.
C ．Changyu Island is a beautiful and modern island.
D ．The two teachers find it hard to adjust the life in Changyu Island and wanted to leave.
试卷第 4 页，共 14 页
23 ．In which column will you see this article
A ．Economy. B ．Technology. C ．Culture. D ．Figure.
B
Joseph Frederick Engelberger, the Father of Robotics, was born on July 26, 1925. He
received his degree in Electric Engineering in 1949 from Columbia University. He worked as an engineer in a company and then he met George Devol at a party in 1956, two years after Devol
had designed and patented (获得专利权) an industrial robotic arm. However, the company where Engelberger worked was closed in the year he met Devol.
Finding himself jobless but with a business partner and an idea, Engelberger co-founded Unimation with Devol, creating the world’s first robotics company. Over the next two decades, the Japanese took the lead by investing (投资) heavily in robots to replace people performing certain tasks. In Japan, Engelberger was widely recognized as a key player in Japanese
manufacturing quality and efficiency.
After observing his aging parents, Engelberger saw the robotics automation could be used in the medical field. In 1984, Engelberger introduced HelpMate and hoped to start a new industry for in-home robots. He sold his first HelpMate to Danbury Hospital in 1988. The medical robot
was so successful that the hospital ended up purchasing another, and within a decade, well over 100 hospitals worldwide operated HelpMates.
Senator Joseph Lieberman delivered a speech in the U. S. Senate in praise and recognition of the inventor, calling HelpMate an example that shows the federal investment in science and
technology for patients can lead to new products that create jobs for Americans and make for a better quality of life.
Engelberger liked working. So even after he got into his 80s, he remained active in the promotion and development of robots for use in elder care.
24 ．What happened to Engelberger in 1956
A ．He got his college degree. B ．He was unemployed.
C ．He invented a robotic arm. D ．He sold his company.
25 ．How did the Japanese treat Engelberger
A ．With alarm. B ．With concern. C ．With respect. D ．With indifference.
试卷第 5 页，共 14 页
26 ．What does paragraph 3 talk about
A ．The origin of HelpMate. B ．The promotion of HelpMate.
C ．The function of HelpMate. D ．The challenge in creating HelpMate.
27 ．What’s Lieberman’s attitude toward HelpMate
A ．Critical. B ．Doubtful. C ．Objective. D ．Favorable.
C
When Dmitry Ivanovsky was still a student in 1887 he began his work on the Tobacco
Mosaic Disease (烟草花叶病). The disease appeared to take hold in tobacco plants early on in
their growth cycle, causing green and brown mosaics on the affected leaves. Ivanovsky first
repeated and confirmed experiments performed by Adolf Mayer in which he took diseased leaves, extracted their sap ( the liquid in a plant that carries food to all its parts), and injected (注入) the sap into healthy plants. Up to 80% of the healthy plants then became infected in these
experiments.
Ivanovsky originally thought the disease was bacterial, and so he designed an experiment in which the diseased sap of a tobacco plant was filtered (过滤) through a Chamberland filter-candle which could filter out bacteria and works much like a modern water purifier. After filtering the
sap, Ivanovsky injected it into healthy tobacco leaves. When the healthy plants began to show
signs of infection, Ivanovsky proved bacterial filtering of diseased sap did not prevent the disease, and thus the infective creatures had to be unlike any bacteria that they had seen before.
Additionally, Ivanovsky provided evidence that the creature that was infecting tobacco plants was more of a particle (颗粒) than a liquid. He thought that the disease was more likely caused by either a living creature or a large molecule (分子). In his 1902 research paper he
concluded: The sap of diseased plants was infectious; when the infected sap is heated, it is no longer infectious ( heat changes the structure and characteristics of RNA and virus proteins,
essentially killing them, so this makes sense); infection through bacteria may cause the disease.
It wasn’t until advancements in technology in the early-to-mid 20th century allowed
scientists to take the first images of viruses that we were able to identify the Tobacco mosaic
virus, and thus separated it from other living creatures such as bacteria and fungi. But it is because of the early work of Ivanovsky and Mayer scientists are able to understand viruses and viral
试卷第 6 页，共 14 页
diseases and continue the search for life-saving vaccines for fatal diseases such as COVID-19.
28 ．What did Adolf Mayer’s experiments prove
A ．The sap of diseased tobacco plants is infectious.
B ．The mosaics on infected plants are green or brown.
C ．The disease affects tobacco plants at an early stage.
D ．The infective creature threatens most tobacco plants.
29 ．Why did Ivanovsky use a Chamberland filter-candle in his experiment
A ．To put much pressure on infected leaves.
B ．To add some pure water to the infected sap.
C ．To filter infected food in the tobacco leaves.
D ．To remove the infective bacteria in the sap.
30 ．Which of the following does the author support
A ．Filtering the diseased sap can prevent the disease.
B ．The infected sap is no longer infectious when heated.
C ．Some kind of large molecules might cause the disease.
D ．The unknown creature was more of a liquid than a particle.
31 ．What was the significance of Ivanovsky’s work
A ．It showed the differences between viruses and bacteria.
B ．It took the first images of the Tobacco mosaic virus.
C ．It made later identification of the virus possible.
D ．It led to an effective life-saving vaccine.
D
Edward O. Wilson, known as “ant man”, was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham,
Alabama. His parents divorced when he was young, and he was moved frequently throughout his childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him
partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷)with ants and their social structures.
Wilson earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees from the University of Alabama. In 1955, he received his Ph. D. from Harvard and worked there until retirement.
Wilson’s early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: how ants communicate
试卷第 7 页，共 14 页
through the release of chemical signals.
Later, in 1990, Wilson and German biologist Bert Holldobler published their
Pulitzer-winning The Ants. It detailed the insects’ social structure that was both valued by scholars and accessible to general readers.
Another of Wilson’s major works started in the early 1960s when he teamed up with Robert MacArthur. The pair published The Theory of Island Biogeography, where they sought to
explain why different places have different numbers of species.
What many consider to be Wilson’s most important contributions to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he published Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The work explored the
genetic roots of animal behavior and argued that genes shaped human behavior.
Wilson faced accusations(谴责)for these ideas but his work finally largely proved true. In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.
Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status, but friends and colleagues say the polite Southerner
remained down to earth. “Professor Wilson really listened and engaged with whomever he was interacting with,” said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson’s final advisees.
32 ．What contributed to Wilson’s passion for ants
A ．His accidental disability. B ．The discovery he made about ants.
C ．The school education he received. D ．His boyhood time spent in nature.
33 ．What is Wilson’s first Pulitzer-winning book about
A ．The social structure of ants.
B ．The distribution of different species.
C ．The links between biology and human culture.
D ．The role of chemical signals in communication.
34 ．According to the last paragraph, which word best describes Wilson
A ．Productive. B ．Modest.
C ．Open-minded. D ．Independent.
35 ．What is the best title of this text
A ．The Pioneering “Ant Man”
试卷第 8 页，共 14 页
B ．Discoveries in Evolutionary Biology
C ．A Leading Figure in Popular Science
D ．The Adventure of a Pulitzer Prize Winner
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pasteur discovered that bacteria (细菌) cause many diseases. 36 . He proved that diseases could be cured by stopping the spread of bacteria.
How Pasteur helped industry
Louis Pasteur was born in France in 1822. He studied physics and chemistry in Paris. The
wine-making industry in France was in trouble during the mid-1800s 37 . Pasteur discovered that germs were getting into the wine and turning it sour. He found that heat killed these germs
and prevented the wine from spoiling. Pasteur later applied his discovery to milk. His way of heating foods to kill bacteria is now called pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法).
38 . In the mid-1800s, a disease was killing off silkworms before they could spin silk threads. Pasteur showed that the disease was in the silkworm eggs and that getting rid of any
infected eggs could keep the disease from spreading.
39
Pasteur then discovered how to make vaccines (疫苗) to protect people and animals against disease. He observed that animals infected with a disease sometimes became immune to the
disease — that is, protected from getting the disease again. Pasteur found that he could weaken germs in his laboratory. When he put weakened germs into the bodies of animals, the animals became immune to the disease caused by the germs. Pasteur made a vaccine to protect sheep
against a disease called anthrax.
One of Pasteur’s most important discoveries was a vaccine against rabies (狂犬病). People can get this deadly disease 40 . In 1885, a mother begged Pasteur to treat her young son who had been badly bitten by a dog with rabies. The vaccine worked, and the boy lived.
A ．Anthrax and rabies
B ．How Pasteur prevented disease
试卷第 9 页，共 14 页
C ．Pasteur became a national hero in France for saving the wine and silk industries
D ．because much of the wine was spoiling
E ．He showed that bacteria get into living things and then multiply
F ．Pasteur also helped the French silk industry
G ．if they are bitten by an animal infected with rabies
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me 41 that science teaches us the domino
effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our 42 so we know where we are from. That day I 43 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder 44 in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a 45 scientist in the future.
One of my 46 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been
awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in
botany and after that she started her 47 as the leader in the development of maize
cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was 48 to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the 49 to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She 50 something that helped the other scientists 51 the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation.
I know I will be able to achieve my 52 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my 53 with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as 54 as the stars in
the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most ofall in the 55 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
41 ．A ．doubt B ．realize C ．wonder D ．value
42 ．A ．school B ．origin C ．growth D ．study
试卷第 10 页，共 14 页
43 ．A ．easily B ．hardly C ．partly D ．firmly
44 ．A ．especially B ．possibly C ．properly D ．separately
45 ．A ．happy B ．popular C ．careful D ．real
46 ．A ．experiences B ．persuasions C ．inspirations D ．generations
47 ．A ．career B ．attempt C ．praise D ．science
48 ．A ．devoted B ．invited C ．linked D ．attached
49 ．A ．reason B ．freedom C ．right D ．opportunity
50 ．A ．heard B ．expected C ．discovered D ．awarded
51 ．A ．set out B ．figure out C ．stick out D ．take out
52 ．A ．fame B ．reward C ．dream D ．stage
53 ．A ．information B ．decision C ．light D ．fortune
54 ．A ．bright B ．capable C ．proud D ．brave
55 ．A ．lesson B ．mind C ．present D ．heart
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eleven years after having Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默病) disease, 91-year-old Wu Mingzhu
sometimes fails 56 (recognize) her previous colleagues or even family members 57 live by her side. But her memory of the melon varieties (种类) she developed while working in Xinjiang remains.
Born in Hubei Province, she 58 (admit) to Southwest Agricultural College in
Chongqing in the late 1940s. Wu filed 59 application in 1955, and finally received an
agreement. In the winter of the same year, she boarded a truck with all her 60 (possession) and left for Xinjiang.
Though local watermelons and muskmelons (甜瓜) tasted sweet, Wu found that the local farmers mainly relied on 61 (tradition) farming techniques, and there was still much room for progress 62 the quantity and quality of their melons.
Starting in 1956, Wu and her colleagues met with local farmers to explore resources in the summer heat of over 40℃ . She experimented with different methods on melons during the day,
and read documents that 63 (record) 44 melon varieties before she arrived under the candle
试卷第 11 页，共 14 页
at night.
She developed new resources—10 watermelon varieties and 19 muskmelon varieties,
featuring characteristics like better disease resistance, finer fruit quality, and greater adaptability, 64 (help) the farmers fatten their wallets. So we Chinese can 65 (crazy) eat
watermelons in the hot summers.
第四部分 写作(满分 40 分)
第一节、书信写作
66 ．假如你是李华，你的外国朋友 Jack 想了解著名科学家屠呦呦的相关情况，请你根据以下要求给他写一封回信。
姓名 屠呦呦
国籍 中国
职业 药学家、医学专家、科学家
兴趣爱好 自幼对传统中药兴趣浓厚
主要经历 1. 1930 年 12 月 30 日生于浙江宁波； 2. 1951 年考入北京大学，主修制药专业； 3. 毕业后一直专心于中医研究； 4. 1972 年成功发现并制成青蒿素； 5. 2015 年 10 月 5 日被授予诺贝尔医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 信的开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：Qinghaosu 青蒿素；the Nobel Prize in Medicine 诺贝尔医学奖；traditional Chinese medicine 中医
试卷第 12 页，共 14 页
_______________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写
67 ．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On February 15, 1910, Irena Krzyzanowska was born in Warsaw, Poland. Irena studied Polish literature at Warsaw University, and eventually joined the Polish Socialist Party.
Then World War II broke out. It was 1940 and Germany had taken over. The Germans had begun shifting Warsaw’s population of 380,000 Jews to a separate Ghetto (聚居区). Irena worked in the Warsaw health department and was allowed to enter the Ghetto.
Irena was a member of Zegota (援助犹太人委员会), a secret organization set up by the Polish government. The goal of Zegota was to rescue Polish Jews. Irena’s job was to rescue as many children as she could.
Regardless of the danger it posed, Irena began aiding Jews in earnest (真挚地) in the early 1940s. She and her sympathetic co-workers created more than 3,000 false documents to help
Jewish families, and that was just the beginning of the efforts.
Irena and her team began smuggling children out during these visits. They used various
methods, such as hiding them in ambulances, leading them through sewer pipes or underground
passages, even stuffing them into suitcases or boxes that they’d then take through the courtyard to the non-Jewish area.
Irena was helped by a network of over 30 volunteers, most of whom were women. Their hope was to get the children back to their families once the war was won. Irena and her helpers noted the names of the children on cigarette papers and sealed them in glass bottles. Then they buried the bottles in a friend’s garden for safekeeping. When the war was done, the bottles were dug up and the lists handed to Jewish representatives. Sadly, reuniting the children with their
parents proved mostly impossible, as almost all had been killed in concentration camps.
注意:续写词数应为 150 左右。
The Polish Government honored Irena many awards.
试卷第 13 页，共 14 页
_______________________________________________________________________________
She insisted that she did nothing special.
试卷第 14 页，共 14 页
1 ．A
【原文】W: Tom, look at this amazing wood carver called Livio de Marchi. Some of his works are absolutely wonderful. One of his famous pieces is a huge pumpkin drawn by four horses.
M: Actually. he’s my favorite artist. He inspired me to create this lovely carved wooden bear.
2 ．A
【原文】W: Mike, can you answer this question
M: OK. It should be Li Bai or Li Shangyin, if my memory doesn’t fail me.
W: Well, that’s a good guess. But it’s actually Li He.
3 ．A
【原文】M: Elvis Presley was super famous in the mid-fifties, but why do people always say “Elvis has left the building”
W: It just reminds people that Elvis is gone but not forgotten. He died in 1977. Did you know he was only 42 when he died
4 ．A
【原文】M: Who is your favorite athlete of all time I like Maradona, since I play football.
W: The only sport I’ve ever played is basketball, but I like baseball player Babe Ruth the most.
5 ．C
【原文】M: Shall we choose some Emily Dickinson’s poems for this week’s reading activity
W: We’ve already read poetry. We read Robert Southey’s poems, remember I would prefer a novel by Charles Dickens this time.
6 ．C 7 ．A 8 ．C
【原文】M: Hello. Xiao Wang.
W: Oh, Xiao Li, you are back.
M: I’ve been in this room for at least five minutes. It seemed as if you paid no attention to your surroundings.
W: I’ve got a book about Martin Luther King. It’s very interesting.
M: Who is Martin Luther King
W: He is the Nobel Peace Prize winner, an important political leader in the USA.
M: Is he black
答案第 1 页，共 15 页
W: Yes. He fought bravely for equal rights for the black people in the USA. He was only thirty-five when he won the prize.
M: That’s great.
9 ．B 10 ．C 11 ．B
【原文】W: Carl, do you know when International Nurses Day is celebrated
M: Well, it’s celebrated around the world every 12th of May. It’s the birthday of Florence
Nightingale. This day is celebrated to honor Nightingale and to remember all of the valuable contributions nurses make to society.
W: Wow, you sound very professional. Could you tell me more about Nightingale I need a lot of information to write a paper for Professor Brian’s course.
M: Florence Nightingale was born into an upper-class British family on May 12th, 1820, and was named after the city of her birth. She announced her decision to enter nursing in 1845, despite the intense anger and anxiety of her family. You know, Nightingale’s most famous contribution came during the Crimean War. During the Crimean campaign, she gained the nickname “The Lady with the Lamp” after her habit of making rounds at night to tend to injured soldiers.
W: Oh, that’s interesting. I’ll go to the library for more details this afternoon. Thank you, Carl.
12 ．B 13 ．C 14 ．B
【原文】W: Did you hear Harriet Tubman, the famous African-American woman who helped rescue about 70 slaves, is going to be on the new $20 bill. She’ll replace Andrew Jackson.
M: Wow! That’s fantastic. It’s about time a woman was on the face of our money.
W: I know. It’s really exciting news. Susan B. Anthony, Alice Paul, and a few other women will also be on the back of the $10 bill, although Alexander Hamilton’s image will still appear on the front.
M: Remind me what those women are known for
W: Susan B. Anthony began the conversation that women should be allowed to vote, and Alice
Paul helped pass the 19th Amendment (修正案) to the U. S. Constitution, which gave women the right to vote.
M: I’m glad that we are able to appreciate women like them by putting them on our money.
答案第 2 页，共 15 页
15 ．A 16 ．C 17 ．C
【原文】M: Do you remember Sally Green, the swimming star She was the girl who broke all the records at the last Olympics. Where is she now Let’s meet Sally in her home, California. Hello,
Sally, good to see you. Is it true that you don’t swim at all now
W: I’m afraid so. I’m too old.
M: But you are only twenty.
W: That’s too old for a swimmer. If I swim in an international competition now, I wouldn’t win.
So I’d rather not swim at all.
M: But don’t you enjoy swimming
W: I used to when I was still small. But if you enter for big competitions you have to work very hard. I used to get up at 6: 00 a. m. to go to the pool. I had to train before school, after school and at weekends. I swam thirty-five miles every week.
M: But you were famous at fifteen. And look at all these cups.
W: It’s true that I have some wonderful memories. I enjoyed visiting other countries, and the
Olympics were very exciting. But I missed more important things. While other girls were growing up, I was swimming.
18 ．A 19 ．C 20 ．C
【原文】
Rachel Carson is the first scientist who gets people thinking about the way we humans are causing everlasting damage to the Earth. At first, she wrote books about oceans, but gradually she became aware of the danger of chemicals like DDT and the way they can harm the whole of the
food chain. She wrote her classic book Silent Spring in 1962 to explain how humans and nature
are connected. The title of Silent Spring refers to the fact that one day all the birds might be dead so they won’t be able to sing in the springtime. The agricultural and chemical industries reacted
very badly to the book and said she was unprofessional. But further research by other scientists
proved that she was right about the dangers of chemicals used to kill insects. Nowadays there is an improvement in farming practices, but unfortunately things in general are still getting worse,
rather than better. We still need to read Rachel Carson’s book and think about its message.
答案第 3 页，共 15 页
21 ．B 22 ．A 23 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要分享了两则令人钦佩的人物故事，第一则故事的主人公是一心投入科学研究的黄大年，第二则故事的主人公是坚守在孤岛上为孩子们授课的两名老师。
21 ．细节理解题。根据第一则分享中“Due to the frantic pace of his research, Huang was absent from his father’s funeral, and even his own cancer went undetected as he had no time to see a
doctor. (由于他疯狂的研究节奏，黄没有参加他父亲的葬礼，甚至他自己的癌症也没有被发现，因为他没有时间去看医生。)”和第二则分享中“These two primary school teachers, however, have stayed on for 23 long years! They are the only teachers here, and they plan to stay for as long as there are children who need to attend school. I want to thank them, and let the world know
about these teachers who work tirelessly every day for the sake of the children. (然而，这两位小学老师却在这里呆了 23 年！他们是这里唯一的老师，只要有孩子需要上学，他们就会留在这里。我要感谢他们，让全世界都知道，这些老师每天都在不知疲倦地为孩子们工作。)”可知，黄大年和两位老师的共同之处在于都献身于自己热爱的事业，前者全身心投入科学研究，后者在艰苦的环境中不知疲倦地为孩子们工作。故选 B 项。
22 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you know anyone who deserves to have their contributions recognized, we would love to hear from you! Let us know how these people have helped to make a difference in your eyes. (如果你知道谁的贡献值得被认可，我们很乐意听到你的声音！让我们知道在你眼中这些人是如何帮助产生影响的。)”可知，该杂志希望读者寄来令人钦佩的人物故事。故选 A 项。
23 ．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是标题“HEROES IN YOUR EYES (你眼中的英雄)”和第一段中“However, those who work tirelessly behind the scenes often go unnoticed, in spite of their great achievements. If you know anyone who deserves to have their contributions recognized, we
would love to hear from you! (然而，那些在幕后不知疲倦地工作的人，尽管取得了巨大的成就，却常常被忽视。如果你知道谁的贡献值得被认可，我们很乐意听到你的声音。)”可知，文章是在分享读者寄来的两个令人钦佩的人物故事，呈现读者眼中的英雄人物。因此，文章与人物故事相关，应该出自人物栏目。故选 D 项。
24 ．B 25 ．C 26 ．A 27 ．D
答案第 4 页，共 15 页
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了机器人之父 Joseph Frederick Engelberger 的生平事迹和发明创造故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“He worked as an engineer in a company and then he met George Devol at a party in 1956, two years after Devol had designed and patented (获得专利权) an
industrial robotic arm. However, the company where Engelberger worked was closed in the year
he met Devol. (他是一家公司的工程师，1956 年，他在一次聚会上遇到了 George Devol ，两年前，Devol 设计了一个工业机械臂，并申请了专利。然而，Engelberger 工作的公司在他遇到 Devol 的那一年倒闭了。)”可知，1956 年 Engelberger 失业了。故选 B 项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In Japan, Engelberger was widely recognized as a key player in Japanese manufacturing quality and efficiency. (在日本，Engelberger 被广泛认为是日本制造业质量和效率的关键人物)”推知， 日本人对 Engelberger 很尊重。故选 C 项。
26．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“After observing his aging parents, Engelberger saw the robotics automation could be used in the medical field. In 1984, Engelberger introduced HelpMate and
hoped to start a new industry for in-home robots. He sold his first HelpMate to Danbury Hospital
in 1988. (在观察了他年迈的父母之后，Engelberger 看到了机器人自动化可以用于医疗领域。 1984 年，Engelberger 推出了 HelpMate ，并希望开创家用机器人的新产业。1988 年，他把自己的第一个 HelpMate 卖给了 Danbury 医院。)”可知，本段主要讲述了 HelpMate 的初创。故选 A 项。
27 ．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Senator Joseph Lieberman delivered a speech in the U. S.
Senate in praise and recognition of the inventor, calling HelpMate an example that shows the
federal investment in science and technology for patients can lead to new products that create jobs for Americans and make for a better quality of life. (参议员 Joseph Lieberman 在美国参议院发表讲话，赞扬并表彰了这位发明家。他说，HelpMate 是一个例子，表明联邦政府对患者的科学技术投资可以带来新产品，为美国人创造就业机会，提高生活质量。)”可知，Lieberman对 HelpMate 的态度是赞成的。故选 D 项。
28 ．A 29 ．D 30 ．B 31 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了俄国科学家伊凡诺夫斯基的早期研究让病毒被发现成为可能。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Up to 80% of the healthy plants then became infected in these
答案第 5 页，共 15 页
experiments (在这些实验中，多达 80%的健康植物被感染)”可知，实验中绝大多数植物被感染了。因此，梅尔的实验证明患病烟草的汁液具有传染性。故选 A 项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ivanovsky originally thought the disease was bacterial, and so he designed an experiment in which the diseased sap of a tobacco plant was filtered (过滤)
through a Chamberland filter-candle which could filter out bacteria and works much like a modern water purifier. (伊万诺夫斯基最初认为这种疾病是由细菌引起的，所以他设计了一个实验，
通过尚柏朗氏烛形滤器过滤烟草植物的病液，这种滤器可以过滤掉细菌，就像现代的净水器一样)”可知，伊凡诺夫斯基在实验中使用这种装置是为了清除汁液中的细菌。故选 D 项。
30 ．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In his 1902 research paper he concluded: The sap of diseased plants was infectious; when the infected sap is heated, it is no longer infectious ( heat changes the structure and characteristics of RNA and virus proteins, essentially killing them, so this makes
sense); infection through bacteria may cause the disease. (在他 1902 年的研究论文中，他得出结论：患病植物的汁液具有传染性;当被感染的汁液被加热时，它不再具有传染性（热量会改变 RNA 和病毒蛋白质的结构和特征，基本上会杀死它们，所以这是有道理的）；细菌感染可能导致这种疾病。)”可知，作者会同意被感染的汁液加热后不再具有传染性的结论。故选B 项。
31 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It wasn’t until advancements in technology in the early-to-mid 20th century allowed scientists to take the first images of viruses that we were able to identify the Tobacco mosaic virus, and thus separated it from other living creatures such as bacteria and fungi. But it is because of the early work of Ivanovsky and Mayer scientists are able to understand
viruses and viral diseases and continue the search for life-saving vaccines for fatal diseases such
as COVID-19. (直到20 世纪早期到中期，技术的进步使科学家们能够拍摄到第一批病毒图像，我们才能够识别烟草花叶病毒，从而将其与其他生物如细菌和真菌分离开来。但正是由于伊万诺夫斯基和梅尔的早期工作，科学家们才能够了解病毒和病毒性疾病，并继续寻找针对 COVID-19 等致命疾病的救命疫苗)”可知，因为伊万诺夫斯基和梅尔的早期工作，后来科学家们才能利用技术拍摄病毒的图像，识别烟草花叶病毒。由此推知，伊万诺夫斯基的工作的意义在于它使后来识别这种病毒成为可能。故选 C 项。
32 ．D 33 ．C 34 ．B 35 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了被誉为“蚁人” 的美国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平事
答案第 6 页，共 15 页
(
迹和主要科学贡献
)。
32 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination(着迷)with ants and
their social structures.(威尔逊在森林和野生动植物的探索中长大。这些冒险经历中的一次让他部分失明，但也激发了他对蚂蚁及其社会结构的终生着迷)”可知，威尔逊在大自然中度过的童年经历促成了他对蚂蚁的热情，故选 D 项。
(
》
)33．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.( 1978 年，他在《论人的天性中阐述生物学在人类文化中所起作用的思想达到顶峰，并因此在 1979 年赢得了普利策
奖。)”可知，威尔逊的第一本获得普利策奖的书是关于生物学和人类文化之间的关系的，故选 C 项。
34 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status, but friends and colleagues say the polite Southerner remained down to earth. “Professor Wilson
really listened and engaged with whomever he was interacting with,” said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson’s final advisees(这些成就使他成为了一种超级明星式的人物，但朋友和同事都说，这位有礼貌的南方人依然很接地气。“威尔逊教授真的很会倾听，也很会与人互
动，”科里·莫罗说道，她曾是威尔逊最后一批指导的博士生之一。)”可推理出威尔逊教授很谦虚，故选 B 项。
35 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Edward O. Wilson, known as “ant man”, was born on June 10,
1929, in Birmingham, Alabama.( 爱德华·威尔逊，人称“蚂蚁人” ，1929 年 6 月 10 日出生于阿拉巴马州的伯明翰市。)”、第三段“Wilson’s early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: how ants communicate through the release of chemical signals.(威尔逊对蚂蚁的早期研究导致他于 1959 年取得了第一个重大发现：蚂蚁如何通过释放化学信号进行交流)” 、第六段“What many consider to be Wilson’s most important contributions to evolutionary biology came
in 1975 when he published Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The work explored the genetic
roots of animal behavior and argued that genes shaped human behavior(许多人认为威尔逊对进化生物学最重要的贡献来自于他 1975 年出版的《社会生物学：新的综合》。该著作探讨了动物行为的遗传根源，并指出基因塑造了人类行为)”以及最后一段“Wilson published more than
400 scientific papers and 20 books. These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status, but friends and colleagues say the polite Southerner remained down to earth.(威尔逊发表了超过
答案第 7 页，共 15 页
400 篇科学论文和 20 本书。这些成就使他成为了一种超级明星式的人物，但朋友和同事都 说，这位有礼貌的南方人依然很接地气。)”可知，本文介绍了被誉为“蚁人” 的美国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平事迹和主要科学贡献，A 项“The Pioneering “Ant Man”(“蚂蚁人” 的先驱)”表达的含义适合用做本文标题，故选 A 项。
36 ．E 37 ．D 38 ．F 39 ．B 40 ．G
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的化学家和生物学家路易斯·巴斯德在细菌研究上做出的杰出贡献。
36 ．上文“Pasteur discovered that bacteria (细菌) cause many diseases. (巴斯德发现细菌会引起许多疾病)”引出了巴斯德发现细菌会引起许多疾病，该空应该具体说明关于细菌引起疾病的发现是什么，且选项中“multiply” 呼应下文“the spread of bacteria” ，才能引出下文“He proved that diseases could be cured by stopping the spread of bacteria. (他证明了通过阻止细菌的传播可以治愈疾病)”讲针对此发现的应对策略是什么，E 选项“他证明了细菌进入生物，然后繁殖”切合语境。故选 E 项。
37 ．由上文“The wine-making industry in France was in trouble during the mid-1800s (19 世纪中期，法国的酿酒业陷入困境)”和“Pasteur discovered that germs were getting into the wine and
(
。
)turning it sour. He found that heat killed these germs and prevented the wine from spoiling. (巴斯德发现细菌正在进入葡萄酒并使其变酸。他发现高温可以杀死这些细菌，防止葡萄酒变质)”可知，该空应该讲法国酿酒业陷入困境的原因是细菌导致葡萄酒变质，才能引出下文讲巴斯德用高温杀死细菌阻止葡萄酒变质的方法，D 选项“ 因为大部分葡萄酒都变质了”切合语境故选 D 项。
38．该空位于段首，需总结下文。由下文“In the mid-1800s, a disease was killing off silkworms before they could spin silk threads. Pasteur showed that the disease was in the silkworm eggs and that getting rid of any infected eggs could keep the disease from spreading. (19 世纪中期，一种疾病在蚕还没来得及吐丝的时候就把它们杀死了。巴斯德证明，这种疾病发生在蚕卵中，清除任何受感染的蚕卵都可以防止疾病传播)”可知，下文在讲巴斯德对法国丝绸工业的帮助，F选项“ 巴斯德还帮助了法国的丝绸工业”切合语境。故选 F 项。
39 ．该空选取小标题，需总结下面两段。由倒数第二段“Pasteur then discovered how to make vaccines (疫苗) to protect people and animals against disease. (巴斯德随后发现了如何制造疫苗来保护人和动物免受疾病的侵害)”“Pasteur made a vaccine to protect sheep against a disease
答案第 8 页，共 15 页
called anthrax. (巴斯德制造了一种疫苗来保护绵羊免受炭疽病的侵害)”和最后一段“One of Pasteur’s most important discoveries was a vaccine against rabies (狂犬病). (巴斯德最重要的发现之一是狂犬病疫苗)”可知，下文在讲巴斯德通过疫苗帮助人和动物预防疾病，B 选项“ 巴斯德如何预防疾病”切合语境。故选 B 项。
40 ．由上文“People can get this deadly disease (人们会得这种致命的疾病)”和下文“In 1885, a mother begged Pasteur to treat her young son who had been badly bitten by a dog with rabies. The vaccine worked, and the boy lived. (1885 年，一位母亲恳求巴斯德治疗被狂犬病狗严重咬伤的小儿子。疫苗有效， 男孩活了下来)”及常识可知，男孩被感染狂犬病的狗严重咬伤，因为疫苗有效才活了下来，说明如果被感染狂犬病的动物咬伤，人们也会得狂犬病，G 选项“如果被感染狂犬病的动物咬伤”切合语境。故选 G 项。
41 ．B 42 ．B 43 ．D 44 ．A 45 ．D 46 ．C 47 ．A 48 ．A
(
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
)49 D 50 C 51 B 52 C 53 D 54 A 55 C
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者通过实验认识到科学教给我们环境中的多米诺效应，并决定成为科学家。她的榜样是 1983 年获得诺贝尔医学奖的芭芭拉·麦克林托克，希望自己能和她一样做出有益的发现。她会坚持努力，将来会与有志青年分享幸运。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个实验让我意识到科学教会了我们环境中的多米诺骨牌效应。A. doubt 怀疑；B. realize 意识到；C. wonder 想知道；D. value 重视。根据前文“That
experiment” 以及后文“science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment.”结合选项可知，“实验让我意识到科学教会了我们环境中的多米诺骨牌效应”符合语境，引发后文让作者决定成为科学家。故选 B 项。
42 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它告诉人们我们的起源，这样我们就知道我们来自哪里。
A. school 学校；B. origin 起源；C. growth 增长；D. study 学习。根据后文“we know where we are from”可知，让我们知道我们来自哪里，所以是告诉我们起源。故选 B 项。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天，我坚定地决定成为一名科学家，这将是我一生中最大的抱负。A. easily 容易地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. partly 部分地；D. firmly 坚定地。根据后文“Ever since that day I have studied harder 4 in all my science-related
subjects.”可知，作者更加努力地学习，特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上，所以是坚定的想成为一名科学家。故选 D 项。
答案第 9 页，共 15 页
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我更加努力地学习，特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上。A. especially 特别；B. possibly 可能；C. properly 适当地；D. separately 分别地。根据前文“That day I 3 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest
ambition in life.”可知，作者坚定的想成为一名科学家，所以他特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上会更努力地学习。故选 A 项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正的科学家的研究。A. happy 快乐的；B. popular 流行的；C. careful 小心；D. real 真正的。根据前文“That day I 3 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知，作者坚定地决定成为一名科学家，所以是做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正的科学家的研究。故选 D 项。
46 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成为科学家的灵感之一来自芭芭拉·麦克林托克。A.
experiences 经历；B. persuasions 说服；C. inspirations 灵感；D. generations 代。根据后文“achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock”可知，作者想成为像芭芭拉·麦克林托克博士那样的人，所以是作者成为科学家的灵感之一。故选 C 项。
47 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：25 岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后，她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并将她的余生献给了这项研究。A.
career 事业；B. attempt 企图；C. praise 赞扬；D. science 科学。根据后文“as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics” 可知，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者应是她的事业。故选 A 项。
48 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：25 岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后，她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并将她的余生献给了这项研究。A. devoted 奉献；B. invited 邀请；C. linked 联系；D. attached 把 附。根据后文“the rest of her life”结合选项，应是“将她的余生献给了这项研究”符合语境，be devoted to 为固定搭配意为“献身于” 。故选 A 项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我很幸运，有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负，我想成为麦克林托克博士那样的人。A. reason 原因；B. freedom 自由；C. right 正确；D. opportunity机会。根据前文“If I am lucky and given” 以及后文“to achieve my ambition as a scientist” 可知，此处是作者在做假设，根据选项，应是“有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负”符合语境。故选 D 项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现了一些东西，帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，
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这不仅对她这一代人有帮助，而且对后代也有帮助。A. heard 听到；B. expected 预期；C. discovered 发现；D. awarded 奖励。根据前文“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，麦克林托克获得若贝尔奖，而根据常识，获奖是因为发现了一些东西。故选 C 项。
51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她发现了一些东西，帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，这不仅对她这一代人有帮助，而且对后代也有帮助。A set out 出发；B. figure out 理解，弄清楚；C. stick out 伸出；D. take out 除掉。根据前文“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，麦克林托克获得若贝尔奖，所以她发现的东西应是帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，才能获奖。故选 B 项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道只要我把我的心和毅力投入其中，我就能实现我的梦想。A. fame 名声；B. reward 奖励；C. dream 梦想；D. stage 阶段。根据后文“I put my heart and perseverance into it.”可知，作者把心和毅力投入其中，是为了实现成为科学家的梦想。故选 C项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我幸运地实现了我的目标，我将与所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们分享我的好运。A. information 信息；B. decision 决定；C. light 光线； D. fortune 好运。根据前文“If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal”可知，此处是说作者如果好运成为了科学家，他也会愿意把自己的好运分享给所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们。故选 D 项。
54 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的未来会像夜空中的星星一样明亮。A. bright 明亮的； B. capable 有能力；C. proud 自豪的；D. brave 勇敢的。根据后文“the stars in the night sky”可知，像星星一样，应该是明亮的。故选 A 项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的未来还很遥远，但我会充分利用现在的一切来实现我成为一名科学家的最大抱负。A. lesson 课程；B. mind 大脑；C. present 现在；D. heart 心脏。
根据前文“My future is still far”可知，作者的未来还很遥远，所以作者应是利用现在的一切来实现她的梦想。故选 C 项。
56 ．to recognize 57 ．who##that 58 ．was admitted 59 ．an 60 ．possessions
61 ．traditional 62 ．in 63 ．had recorded 64 ．helping 65 ．crazily
【导语】这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了我国著名“西瓜之母”吴明珠院士的事迹。
答案第 11 页，共 15 页
56 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：患有阿尔茨海默病 11 年后，91 岁的吴明珠有时会认不出以前的同事，甚至是生活在她身边的家人。短语 fail to do表示“未能做成某事” ，故填 to
recognize。
57 ．考查定语从句。句意：患有阿尔茨海默病 11 年后，91 岁的吴明珠有时会认不出以前的同事，甚至是生活在她身边的家人。该句为定语从句，修饰表示人的先行词“family
members” ，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填 who/that。
58 ．考查被动语态。句意：她出生于湖北省，20 世纪 40 年代末考入重庆西南农学院。 she与 admit 构成被动关系，根据后文 in the late 1940s 可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为 she ，谓语用单数。故填 was admitted。
59 ．考查冠词。句意：吴于 1955 年提出了申请，并最终得到了同意。名词 application 为可数名词，为首次出现，表示泛指，应使用不定冠词进行修饰，且该词为元音音素开头的单词，故填 an。
60 ．考查名词单复数。句意：同年冬天，她带着全部家当登上卡车，前往新疆。possession为可数名词，表示“财产” ，前有形容词 all 修饰，应使用复数形式，故填 possessions。
61．考查形容词。句意：虽然当地的西瓜和甜瓜味道很甜，但吴发现当地农民主要依靠传统的种植技术，他们的瓜在数量和质量上还有很大的进步空间。该空修饰后面的名词techniques，应为形容词 traditional ，故填 traditional。
62．考查介词。句意：虽然当地的西瓜和甜瓜味道很甜，但吴发现当地农民主要依靠传统的种植技术，他们的瓜在数量和质量上还有很大的进步空间。短语 make progress in 可知，
progress 需要与 in 搭配，构成“在某方面的进步” ，故填 in。
63．考查动词时态。句意：白天，她用不同的方法在甜瓜上做实验，晚上在蜡烛下到达之前，她阅读了记录了 44 个甜瓜品种的文件。“before she arrived under the candle at night.”表明了这些文献是过去的过去记录的，应使用过去完成时，故填 had recorded。
64 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：她开发了新的资源——10 个西瓜品种和 19 个甜瓜品种，具有抗病性更好、果实品质更好、适应性更强等特点，帮助农民增加了他们的钱包。分析句子结构可知，可知该空应为伴随状语，且表示主动关系，故填 helping。
65．考查副词。句意：所以我们中国人可以在炎热的夏天尽情地吃西瓜。该空修饰谓语动词eat 应用副词 crazily ，表示“狂热地” ，故填 crazily。
66 ．Dear Jack,
I am glad to hear that you would like to know something about the famous scientist Tu
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Youyou. Now, I will give you a brief introduction to her.
Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on December 30th, 1930, Tu Youyou, a famous female pharmacologist, medical expert and scientist, showed great interest in traditional Chinese
medicine when she was young. In 1951, she was admitted into Beijing University, majoring in making medicine. After graduating from the university, she has been absorbed in scientific
research of traditional Chinese medicine. In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and developing Qinghaosu. To our excitement and delight, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on
October 5th, 2015, becoming the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize.
Wish you all the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。外国朋友 Jack 想了解著名科学家屠呦呦的相关情况，要求考生给他回信介绍屠呦呦。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad → pleased/delighted
著名的：famous → celebrated/noted
传统的：traditional → conventional
高兴：delight → joy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After graduating from the university, she has been absorbed in scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine.
拓展句：After she graduated from the university, Tu Youyou has been absorbed in scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] I am glad to hear that you would like to know something about the famous scientist Tu Youyou. (运用了 that 引导宾语从句)
[高分句型 2] Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on December 30th, 1930, Tu Youyou, a famous female pharmacologist, medical expert and scientist, showed great interest in traditional Chinese medicine when she was young.(运用了 when 引导时间状语从句)
67 ．The Polish Government honored Irena many awards. She was honored for rescuing “the most
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defenseless victims — the Jewish children”. Many years later, she was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for her effort to prevent Jewish children from being killed. Then, only a few years
ago, a group of elderly people came to her and thanked her for her rescue. They were some of the thousands of children saved by Irena in the war. She said their happy life was the biggest prize to her.
She insisted that she did nothing special. “I was brought up to believe that a person must be
rescued when drowning, regardless of religion and nationality.” She said the term “hero”
encouraged her greatly. It gave her inspiration and determination to help those in danger. She said, however, her fellow workers were true heroes. Some of them sacrificed their lives in the rescue
work. They were the people that really deserve respect and memory of the world.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述伊琳娜在第二次世界大战期间营救波兰犹太人孩子的故事，他们用了各种各样的方法将儿童从隔离区偷运出去，为了方便以后和父母相认，把他们孩子们的名字写在卷烟纸上，密封在玻璃瓶里埋在一个朋友的花园里妥善保管。
【详解】1. 段落续写
由第一段首句内容“波兰政府授予伊琳娜许多奖项”可知，本段可以写伊琳娜所获得的奖项以及长大后的获救儿童对她的感谢。
由第一段首句内容“她坚持说她没有做什么特别的事”可知，本段可以写她伊琳娜的人生信条。
2. 续写线索：伊琳娜被提名诺贝尔和平奖——一群老人感谢伊琳娜的拯救——伊琳娜的人生信条
3. 词类激活行为类
①阻止 做：prevent...from.../keep...from/discourage...from
②帮助某人：help sb/do sb a favour/give sb a hand情绪类
①感谢某人：thank sb/express gratitude to sb/be grateful to sb
②幸福的：happy/blessed
③决心：determination/decision/resolution
【点睛】【高分句型 1】I was brought up to believe that a person must be rescued when drowning, regardless of religion and nationality. (运用了 that 引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型 2】They were the people that really deserve respect and memory of the world. (运用
答案第 14 页，共 15 页
了 that 引导的定语从句)
答案第 15 页，共 15 页

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