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(共101张PPT)
高中英语 选择性必修 第三册
Unit 5　Poems
语言知识梳理
1. sorrow n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤(sorrowful adj.悲伤的)
·to one’s sorrow让某人悲伤的是
in deep sorrow痛苦地
share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦
drown one’s sorrow in wine借酒浇愁
mix joy with sorrow悲喜交加
·sorrow at/for/over sth 对某事感到悲伤
2. mood n.情绪;心情;语气(moody adj.喜怒无常的;情绪多变的)
lift one’s mood 提升某人的心情
in a good/bad mood心情好/坏
be/feel in the mood for sth/to do sth
有心情做某事
be/feel in no mood for sth/to do sth
没有心情做某事
3. sympathetic adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的(sympathy n.同情;赞同 sympathise v.同情)
·be sympathetic to/towards…
赞同……;同情……
·have (no) sympathy for sb (不)同情某人
in sympathy with…赞同/支持……
out of sympathy 出于同情
with sympathy=sympathetically adv.同情地
4. correspond vi.相一致;符合;相当于;通信(correspondence n.来往信件;通信联系corresponding adj.相应的)
·correspond with sb 与某人通信
correspond to
相当于……;类似于……
correspond with/to与……一致;符合
·in correspondence with
与……有通信联系;与……一致
why引导的定语从句
There are various reasons why people compose poetry.人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。
在定语从句中,先行词是the reason时,定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句中缺少的成分而定。如果从句缺少状语,则用why或者for which;如果缺少主语,则用that或者which;如果缺少宾语,则用that、which或者不填。the reason后可直接加介词for (sth)。
单元语法深析
观察下面的句子,并感知定语从句的用法。
1. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.
2. One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”,which contains a list of things,people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme.
3. The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.
4. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
5. Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
6. But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
7. There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
8. Do you know the girl with/to whom the teacher talked just now
9. Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain,which is made up of five lines.
10. The haiku poem [E] on the right is a translation from Japanese,which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.
1. 关系代词的用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
who 人 主、宾、表
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾、表
that 人或物 主、宾、表
as 人或物 主、宾、表
whose 人或物 定
(1)We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently.(2023·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)
我们有学生说他们回家和父母谈过了,现在他们的饮食习惯不一样了。
(2)One day I read the last chapter of a book,the title of which I’ve long since forgotten.
有一天,我读了一本书的最后一章,书名我早就忘记了。
(3)The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这本书的第二部分将更深入地探讨一些想法,这些想法将帮助你培养一种可持续的数字极简主义生活方式。
(4)Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.(2022·全国乙卷)
果汁、牛奶饮料和大多数酒精饮料都是免税的,每年生产量不到100万升的小公司也是如此。
(5)Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.(2023·全国乙卷)
尽管英国以其不甚出众的烹饪传统而闻名,但其培养出的顶级厨师数量正日益增多。这些厨师频繁亮相于电视荧屏,他们的菜谱也经常登上畅销书排行榜的榜首。
①关系代词who、 whom、 which、 that在从句中作宾语时可省略;但介宾短语中介词提前时不能省略,也不能用that。who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语,也可省略;直接跟在介词后面作宾语时,只能用whom,且不能省略。
②whose既表示人又表示物,在从句中作定语,往往修饰名词,whose常表达“某人的,某物的”之意。whose表示物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which;表示人时,whose+名词=the+名词+of whom。
She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.(关系代词whom作介词of的宾语,且不能省略,2022·浙江1月卷)
她还承认研究对象相对较少且都是来自瑞典的女性,因此研究结果可能不适用于其他群体。
I’m writing to tell you that our school has scheduled a Chinese speech contest, whose theme is “China in My Eyes”.
→I’m writing to tell you that our school has scheduled a Chinese speech contest, the theme of which is “China in My Eyes”.
我写信告诉你,我们学校已经安排了一场中文演讲比赛,主题是“我眼中的中国”。
Dr Rowan,whose secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.(2020·天津7月卷)
→Dr Rowan, the secretary of whom resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
Rowan博士的秘书两周前辞职,他不得不自己打字。
③as用在限制性定语从句中时,先行词必须由such, so, as或the same等修饰,且as在从句中作宾语时不能省略。
Believe it or not,we have found such materials as are used in that factory.
信不信由你,我们已经找到了那家工厂里所使用的那种材料。
2. 关系代词that和which的用法区别
只用that的 情况 先行词是all、much、few、little、everything、 anything、 something、 none、 nothing等不定代词时
先行词被any、 few、 little、 much、 some、 no等词修饰或被the only、 the very、 the same、 the last等修饰时
先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
先行词是序数词或先行词被序数词修饰时
先行词既包含人又包含物时
主句是who或which等引出的特殊疑问句时
先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在从句中作表语时
只用which的 情况 在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that
介词后边用which不用that
(1)I work on anything that excites me.
我做任何让我兴奋的事。
(2)That is the only French phrase (that) I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
这是我唯一掌握的法语短语,遗憾的是我不怎么用它。
(3)So the first thing (that) we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
所以,我们做的第一件事就是租一套昂贵的位于第六层的公寓,公寓只有橱柜大小。
(4)The famous writer and his book that you referred to just now are well-known now.
你刚才提到的那位著名作家和他的书现在非常有名。
(5)However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.(2021·全国乙卷)
然而,与该市的Maximus马戏团相比,这只不过是小巫见大巫,该马戏团可容纳约25万人。
(6)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break, for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favourite records.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
碰巧在我们的春假期间,市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙,而我对春假的计划除了听最喜欢的唱片外再无其他。
3. 关系副词的用法
关系副词when、 why、 where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词,并分别在从句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外,关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系,转换成“介词+关系代词”的结构。
关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词 (只用reason) 原因状语
(1)Some of our memories are funny,especially from the early years when our children were little.(关系副词when在从句中作时间状语,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我们的一些记忆很有趣,尤其是在我们的孩子还小的时候。
(2)Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike.(关系副词where在从句中作地点状语,2022·全国甲卷)
每个周末,这里都是“威尔士”顶级的喜剧俱乐部,观众和喜剧明星都能在此度过一段美好时光。
(3)The reason why I am writing to you is that I quarrelled with my friend Lucy and I need your help now.(关系副词why在从句中作原因状语)
我给你写信的原因是我和我的朋友Lucy吵架了,我现在需要你的帮助。
①当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词,并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,则用关系代词that/which引导。
②当先行词为表示方式的the way且在从句中作状语时,从句不能用how来引导,应该用that或in which,或省略不用。
③表示抽象地点的名词(case、 scene、 stage、 career、 situation、 condition、 life、 point等)作先行词,且从句中缺少地点状语时,常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
④occasion等作先行词,且从句中缺少时间状语时,常用关系副词when。
(1)At last he got the position (that/which) he had been dreaming of.
他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
(2)After a while, she apologised for the way (in which/that) she behaved at the beginning.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
过了一会儿,她为自己一开始的行为道歉。
(3)You could get into a situation where (=in which) you have to decide immediately.
你可能遇上一种情况,使你不得不立刻做出决定。
(4)There are occasions when (=on which) one must yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
4. “介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句
(1)“介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句时,关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人),即“介词+which/whom”,并且不能省略。
This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things.(2022·全国甲卷)
这座特殊的建筑是一个制作戏剧的地方,儿童、艺术家、作家和其他任何人都有机会在这里做创造性的事情。
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
作为一名女商人,我非常关心我的客户。但是,就像任何你喜欢的人一样,顾客也会让你发疯。
(2)“介词+关系代词(which/whom)”中介词的选择:一先,二动,三意义。
①“一先”,即根据先行词来确定介词。
Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu,allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.(2020·天津7月卷)
餐厅可以在菜单上提供各种食物选择的同时提供音乐选择,让顾客能够更好地控制其用餐氛围。
Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, among whom thirty were girls.
来自20个班级的90名学生参加了比赛,其中30名是女生。
②“二动”,即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。
In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在黑暗的街道上,没有一个她可以求助的人。
We all should try our best to save our limited food resources,on which we depend for a better life.
我们都应该尽最大努力节约我们有限的食物资源,我们依赖这些资源过更美好的生活。
③“三意义”,即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
Speaking and listening are very important for language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress.
听和说对于语言学习非常重要,通过此种方式你一定会取得很大进步。
①介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词等,构成“名词/数词/不定代词+of which/whom”结构,在定语从句中作主语。
②“复合介词+which”引导的定语从句,常用逗号与先行词隔开,而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
Our class also has problems of its own, one of which is the students’ laziness.
我们班也有自己的问题,其中之一就是学生的懒惰。
After an hour’s ride,we reached Jane’s home, in front of which stood a worried woman.
经过一个小时的车程,我们到达了Jane的家,家门前站着一个忧心忡忡的女人。
5. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
和先行词的关系密切(删除后影响整个句子意义的表达) 和先行词的关系不密切(起补充说明的作用,删除后不影响整个句子意义的表达)
不用逗号隔开 一般用逗号隔开
可用that、which、whom等引导 不可以用that引导,只能用which、whom等引导
只可以修饰先行词,不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分 既可以修饰先行词,也可以修饰主句或主句的一部分
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected.(that引导限制性定语从句,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区。
Sadiya’s efforts opened the wisdom door for them,which would surely make a great difference to their lives.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
Sadiya的努力为他们打开了智慧之门,这肯定会给他们的生活带来巨大的改变。
The downturn hit the real estate firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.(where引导限制性定语从句,2022·浙江1月卷)
经济衰退打击了她作为办公室经理工作了十年的房地产公司。
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland,where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”.(where引导非限制性定语从句,2022·浙江1月卷)
故事开始于18世纪的最后几年,在苏格兰,瓦特完善了“改变世界的机器”。
①关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
②关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句,但可用 for which来代替why。
(2)as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别
as 引导非限制性定语从句时,修饰整句话或整件事。可放在主句前、中、后,as常意为“正如……,正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为see、know、expect、say、mention、report等。
which 引导非限制性定语从句时,修饰整句话或整件事,也可修饰先行词。只能置于主句后,常意为“这一点,这件事”等,which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系。
As you see, the students in our school are always hard-working.
如你所见,我们学校的学生总是很用功。
Last week, we took the foreign students to experience the authentic tea culture,which turned out to be extremely rewarding.
上周,我们带领外国学生体验了正宗的茶文化,结果证明这是非常值得的。
1. 用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空
(1)New power machinery and artificial fertilisers have now totally transformed a way of life 　 　 started in the Stone Age.(2020·浙江7月卷)
(2)Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics
　 　 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.(2022·浙江1月卷)
that/which
who/that
(3)First announced in April, 2016, the tax 　　 .
applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖).(2022·全国乙卷)
(4)On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people that clean water is something 　 .
everyone should have around the world.(2020·浙江1月卷改编)
which/that
that
(5)There’s never a stage at 　 　 the system knows what it’s talking about.(2023·浙江1月卷改编)
(6)The first is declining birth rates, 　 　 means old generations are large compared to younger generations.(2020·浙江1月卷改编)
(7)Second, I think, the photos in the album can easily remind Mr Li of his lovely students and the good days 　 　 he got together with us.
which
which
when
(8)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 　 　 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(2020·全国 Ⅰ 卷)
(9)Can you help me to think of a reason 　 　 seems reasonable for my being absent
(10)The factory 　 　 which I’m working mainly produces computers.
where
that/which
in
(11)I collected some books, 　 　 covers are yellow with years.
(12)In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., by 　 　 time many people have gone home.
(13)He didn’t pass the exam, 　 　 we had expected.
(14)He is the man 　 　 came to see you yesterday.
(15)A guide led us to the strawberry field, 　 　 we saw fresh inviting red strawberries.
whose
which
as
who
where
2. 同义句转换
(1)In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
→In ancient China lived an artist, 　 　 .
were almost lifelike.
(2)He handed me a pen, and I wrote down my name with it.
→He handed me a pen, 　 　 my name.
the paintings of whom
with which I wrote down
3. 补全句子
(1)This is the village 　 　.
这就是十年前我们工作过的那个村庄。
(2)I took a photo of the students, 　 .
　 .
我给学生们拍了一张照片,其中坐着一位老师。
where we worked ten years ago
among whom was seated a
teacher
(3)On the Internet,people can seek information about their favourite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well, 　 .
　 .
在互联网上,人们可以查询他们最喜欢的明星的信息,也可以打折买票,这既省时又经济。
which is
both time-saving and economical
单元主题表达
本单元的写作任务是写一篇诗评。写诗评就是要求我们就某一首或几首诗歌进行分析和评论,而非罗列原诗的诗句。一首好的诗歌,自然有动人之处。我们可以从诗中最打动你的某一方面来抒发自己的感想。根据高考的要求,中学阶段的诗评不做过多的发挥,评价诗歌要言简意赅,写出诗歌的精彩之处,不要拖沓冗长,重复表述。具体写作格式如图所示:
1. 开头句
(1)Here is a poem titled Thoughts in a Quiet Night written by Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty,which is popular with Chinese readers.
这是一首唐代诗人李白所作的题为《静夜思》的诗,这首诗深受中国读者的喜爱。
(2)What do you think of the poems in the Tang Dynasty
你认为唐诗怎么样
(3)These poems are popular among Chinese people and also attract lots of foreigners.
这些诗深受中国人的喜爱,也吸引了许多外国人。
2. 中间句
(1)This poem is about nature and life, whose language is vivid and interesting.
这首诗是关于自然和生活的,其语言生动有趣。
(2)A Spring Morning is my favourite poem because its words are beautiful and I can feel the sense of spring in it.
《春天的早晨》是我最喜欢的诗,因为它的诗句很美,我能从中感受到春天的气息。
3. 结尾句
(1)I strongly recommend you to read the poem and enjoy its beauty.
我强烈建议你读这首诗,欣赏它的美。
(2)This poem expresses the poet’s gratitude to mother’s love and teaches us to respect our parents and appreciate their efforts.
这首诗表达了诗人对母爱的感激,并教会我们尊重父母,感恩他们的付出。
单元要点回顾
1. 悲伤;悲痛;伤心事n. 感到悲伤vi.　 　
2. 戏;剧;戏剧艺术n. 　 　
3. 文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的adj.　 　
4. 押韵词;押韵的短诗n. (使)押韵vi.& vt.　 　
5. 民间的;民俗的;普通百姓的adj.　 　
6. 钻石;金刚石;菱形n.　 　
sorrow
drama
literary
rhyme
folk
diamond
7. 背诵;吟诵;列举vt.　 　
8. 业余爱好者n. 业余的;业余爱好的adj.　 　
9. 黎明;开端;萌芽n.　 　
10. 取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄vi.& vt.　 　
11. 格式;总体安排;(出版物的)版式n. 格式化vt.　 　
12. 分别的;各自的adj.　 　
13. 精美的;精致的;脆弱的adj.　 　
14. 等候;期待;将发生在vt.　 　
recite
amateur
dawn
tease
format
respective
delicate
await
15. 旋转;环绕;转动vi.　 　
16. 出声;说;讲vt. 完全的;十足的;彻底的adj.　 　
17. 理解力;领悟力;理解练习n.　 　
18. 情绪;心情;语气n.　 　
19. 空白的;无图画(或韵律、装饰)的;没表情的adj. 空白;空格
n.　 　
20. 同情;赞同n.　 　
21. 版本;(从不同角度的)说法n.　 　
revolve
utter
comprehension
mood
blank
sympathy
version
22. 天真无邪的;无辜的;无恶意的adj.　 　
23. 相一致;符合;相当于;通信vi.　 　
24. 播种;种vt.& vi.　 　
25. 种子;起源;萌芽n.　 　
26. 最后期限;截止日期n.　 　
27. 比赛;竞赛;竞争n. 争取赢得(比赛、选举等);争辩
vt.　 　
28. 修改;润色;抛光vt. 上光剂;抛光;擦亮n.　 　
innocent
correspond
sow
seed
deadline
contest
polish
29. 细绳;线;一串n. 悬挂;系vt. 弦乐器的;线织的adj.　 　
30. 悲伤;悲痛;伤心事n.　 　
31. 复杂的;难懂的adj.　 　
32. 变化;变体;变奏曲n.　 　
33. 种族的;人种的adj.　 　
34. 偏见;成见n. 使怀有(或形成)偏见vt.　 　
35. 在任何地方;在所有……的情况下conj. (用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里adv.　 　
string
grief
complicated
variation
racial
prejudice
wherever
36. shelf 　 　
37. cherry 　 　
38. blossom 　
39. Correspondence 　 　
40. Rhythm 　
41. Imagery 　 　
42. nursery 　 　
43. brass 　 　
架子;搁板
樱桃;樱桃树;樱桃色;樱桃色的;鲜红色的
花朵;花簇
来往信件;通信联系
节奏;韵律;规律
形象的描述;意象;像
幼儿教育的;托儿所;保育室
黄铜;黄铜制品;铜管乐器
44. dewdrop 　
45. clover 　 　
46. cinquain 　
47. Haiku 　 　
48. syllable 　
49. core 　 　
50. verse 　
露珠;水珠
三叶草
五行诗
俳句
音节
核心;精髓;(水果的)核儿
诗;韵文;诗节
51. civilian 　 　
52. prose 　
53. era 　 　
54. dominant 　 　
55. Sonnet 　
56. Barren 　 　
平民;老百姓
散文
时代;年代;纪元
首要的;占支配地位的;显著的
十四行诗
贫瘠的;不结果实
1. 从……的角度来看 　 　
2. 除……之外(还有;也) 　 　
3. 在……方面有天赋 　 　
4. 简明恰当;简洁中肯 　 　
5. 有道理;讲得通 　 　
6. 由……组成(构成) 　 　
from the perspective of
in addition to
be gifted in
to the point
make sense
be made up of/consist of
7. 受……欢迎 　 　
8. 与……相比 　 　
9. 试一试;试试 　 　
10. 被翻译成…… 　 　
11. 属于某人自己的 　 　
12. 回顾 　 　
13. 自始至终 　 　
14. (使)逐渐增加;(使)振作 　 　
be popular with
be compared with
give it a try
be translated into
of one’s own
look back on
from beginning to end
build up
15. 相当多;不少 　 　
16. 在……即将来临时 　 　
17. 尽管;虽然 　 　
18. 爱上 　 　
19. 由……所撰写 　 　
20. 对……有影响 　 　
21. 如果这样的话 　 　
22. 偶然遇到 　 　
quite a few
at the approach of
in spite of
fall in love with
be written by
have an influence on
if so
come across
23. 熟悉;精通 　 　
24. 跟上;与……保持联系 　 　
25. 列出 　 　
26. 抓住不放;坚持 　 　
27. 与……有关 　 　
28. 轮流做某事 　 　
29. 谋生 　 　
30. 盼望;期待 　 　
be familiar with
keep up with
make a list of
hold onto
(be) related to
take turns to do sth
make a living
look forward to
1. 人们写诗的原因各种各样。
There are various reasons 　.
2. 诗人用许多不同形式的诗歌来表达自己。
　 　.
why people compose poetry
Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves
3. 这些诗歌可能没有意义,甚至自相矛盾,但它们很容易学习和背诵。
　 　,
　 　.
4. 清单诗是最简单的一种诗歌,(一般)包含一份有关事物、人物、思想或描述性内容的清单,以此来发展特定的主题。
One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, 　 .
　 a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions
　 　.
The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory
but they are easy to learn and recite
which
contains
that develop a particular theme
5. 清单诗的诗行长度灵活,重复出现的短语赋予诗歌某种模式和节奏。
List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases
　 　.
6. 业余爱好者很容易写的另一种简单诗歌形式是五行诗,它由五行诗句构成。
Another simple form of poem 　　 .
is the cinquain, 　 　.
which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem
that amateurs can easily write
which is made up of five lines
7. 说英语的人也喜欢中国的诗歌,尤其是唐诗。
English speakers also enjoy poems from China, 　 .
　.
8. 有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择,你可能最终会想写自己的诗歌。
　 　, you may eventually want to write poems of your own.
those from the
Tang Dynasty in particular
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from
9. 不管经历了什么,他都如此地镇静。
　 　.
10. 文学批评的目的是找到文本的核心,并发现作者试图传达什么信息。
The purpose of literary criticism is 　 .
　 .
He is so calm in spite of what he has experienced
to get to the core of the text
and discover what message the author is attempting to convey
11. 许多人喜欢读这本诗集。因为他们可以感受到爱的温暖,并领略到童年的纯真。
Many people love to read this collection of poems. The reason is
　 .
　.
12. 这些押韵的词听起来很好听,使这首诗读起来很悦耳。
These rhyming words 　 .
　 .
that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of
childhood
sound nice and make the poem pleasing
to read
13. 因为这些故事通常都很长,所以它们通常有押韵词和韵律来帮助人们更容易地记住它们。
As these stories were often quite long, they often had rhyme and rhythm 　 　.
to help people remember them more easily
基础词汇 拓展词汇 1 drama n. 戏;剧;戏剧艺术 　analytically adj. 戏剧性的;巨大的 　analytically adv. 戏剧性地;剧烈地 　analytically
v. 使戏剧化;生动地表达
dramatic
dramatically
dramatise
基础词汇 拓展词汇 2 sorrow n. 悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤 　analytically adj. 悲伤的;悲哀的 　analytica lly adv. 悲伤地;悔恨的 /
sorrowful
sorrowfully
基础词汇 拓展词汇 3 　 　n. 形象;印象 imagery n. 形象的描述;意象;像 　analytically adj. 富有想象力的;创新的 　analytically
adv. 富有想象力地;想象上地
image
imaginative
imaginatively
基础词汇 拓展词汇 4 recite vt. 背诵;吟诵;列举 analytically n. 背诵;朗诵 A nalytically n. 背诵者;朗诵者 　nalytically
n. 诗歌朗诵会;音乐演奏会
recitation
reciter
recital
基础词汇 拓展词汇 5 mood n. 情绪;心情;语气 An alytically adj. 情绪化的;抑郁的 　nalyticall y adv. 情绪化地;易生气地 　nalytically
n. 情绪化;喜怒无常
moody
moodily
moodiness
基础词汇 拓展词汇 6 tease vi.&vt. 取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄 　 　 n. 难题;棘手的问题 A nalytically adj. 戏弄的;取笑的 A nalytically
adv. 戏弄地;取笑地
teaser
teasing
teasingly
基础词汇 拓展词汇 7 　 　 n. 尊重;敬意 A nalytically adj. 分别的;各自的 respectively adv. 分别;各自;依次为 A nalytically
adj. 表示尊敬的;尊敬的
respect
respective
respectful
基础词汇 拓展词汇 8 delicate adj. 精美的;精致的;脆弱的 A nalytically n. 脆弱;温柔 A nalytically adv. 精致地;微妙地 /
delicacy
delicately
基础词汇 拓展词汇 9 revolve vi. 旋转;环绕;转动 　 　 n. 旋转;(通常指改变政治体制的)革命;革命性剧变;大变革 A nalytically adj. 旋转的;转动的 A nalytically
n. 左轮手枪;旋转器
revolution
revolving
revolver
基础词汇 拓展词汇 10 A alytically v. 理解;领悟 comprehension n. 理解力;领悟力;理解练习 A nalytical ly adj. 全面的;详尽的 A nalyticall y
adv. 可理解地;使能理解地
comprehend
comprehensive
comprehensibly
基础词汇 拓展词汇 11 sympathy n. 同情;赞同;同情心 A nalytical ly adj. 同情的;有同情心的;赞同的 A nalyticall y adv. 同情地;怜悯地 A nalcally
v. 同情;赞同
sympathetic
sympathetically
sympathise
基础词汇 拓展词汇 12 innocent adj. 天真无邪的;无辜的;无恶意的 A alytically n. 天真;单纯;无罪 A nalyticall y adv. 无辜地;纯洁地 /
innocence
innocently
基础词汇 拓展词汇 13 correspond vi. 相一致;符合;相当于;通信 A nalytical ly n. 来往信件;通信联系 A nalytical ly adj. 相应的;符合的 A nalytical ly
n. 通讯员;记者
correspondence
corresponding
correspondent
基础词汇 拓展词汇 14 A nalytically v. 支配;控制 dominant adj. 首要的;占支配地位的;显著的 A nalytically n. 支配;优势 A nalytically
adv. 支配地;有统治权地
dominate
dominance
dominantly
基础词汇 拓展词汇 15 grief n. 悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 　 　 v. 悲伤;伤心 A nalytical ly adj. 悲痛欲绝的;极度悲伤的 A nalytically
adj. 使人痛苦的;极严重的
grieve
grief-stricken
grievous
基础词汇 拓展词汇 16 A nalytical ly v. 使复杂;使难以理解 complicated adj. 复杂的;难懂的 A nalytical ly adv. 复杂地;难懂地 A nalyticall y
n. 使更复杂化(或更困难)的事物;并发症
complicate
complicatedly
complication
基础词汇 拓展词汇 17 　 　 v. 变化;不同 A nalytically adj. 可变的;易变的 A nalytically adv. 可变地;不定地 variation n. 变化;变体;变奏曲
vary
variable
variably
基础词汇 拓展词汇 18 　 　 n. 种族;赛跑 racial adj. 种族的;人种的 A nalytically adv. 种族上;人种上 A nalytically
n. 种族歧视;人种优劣论
race
racially
racism
基础词汇 拓展词汇 19 prejudice n. 偏见;成见 vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见 A nalytically adj. 有偏见的;偏心的 A nalytically adj. 有害的;造成偏见的;不利的 /
prejudiced
prejudicial

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