资源简介

Unit 1　Art
夯基培优练(一)
(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. She pronounced the word very slowly and (precise).
2. Though one should have dreams, it’s not (real) to exist on dreams.
3. He was one of the most (influence) performers of modern jazz.
4. We know that taste in art is a (subject) matter.
5. P man made himself tools from stones and bones.
6. Moral crisis in universities has become a common phenomenon in the international d .　
7. They are people of all r and classes.
8. They have just p a new house in the city, which cost all their savings.
9. I was discussing the price of our products with a c over the phone.
10. The company has e as a major player in the London property market since 2022.
11. These few words fully revealed her n quality. No wonder she has such a good reputation.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
in particular　　　set apart from
concentrate on no longer
as a result as early as
be fond of turn to
1. The Tower Bridge other bridges by its curves that provide different perspectives of the landscapes.
2. He made one big mistake, and, , lost his job.
3. Solids liquids at certain temperatures.
4. 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone National Park.
5. We enjoyed the play, the second half .
6. We the house and didn’t want to leave.
7. He suffered from poor eyesight and could read properly.
8. Young children have a limited attention span and can’t one activity for very long.
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective (好内省的) artist that it took hundreds of years for anyone to notice he was a genius.
A major Vermeer exhibition opened at the Louvre in Paris, whose permanent collection included his great painting of a woman absorbed in close, visually demanding work, The Lacemaker. Like other paintings by Vermeer, this image represents modern culture.
So attracted are today’s art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocking when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans can’t name who painted The Girl with a Pearl Earring. Well, maybe they don’t go to the movies much.
It is not true to say he was forgotten—that would suggest he was famous in his lifetime. He was not. Vermeer was one more painter among the many who worked for money in the Dutch Republic in the 17th century. He was not a star like Rembrandt. He obviously took himself and his art seriously. His self-referential painting The Art of Painting proves that. Even though he worked all his life in Delft, he painted only 34 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of 43.
It is fitting that Paris is celebrating Vermeer, because it was the French avant-garde (先锋派) in the 19th century who saved him from being completely forgotten. Compare his paintings Woman in Blue Reading a Letter or The Little Street with, for example, Edouard Manet’s A Bar at the Folies-Bergère (1882) or Camille Pissarro’s The Boulevard Montmartre on a Winter Morning (1897) and it is easy to see why the art of Vermeer found its natural audience in Parisian Bohemia.
All these artists are likely to have known about and admired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic Thoré-Bürger, a veteran of the 1848 revolution.
Vermeer’s rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art. Vermeer is not only a great artist. He is a great modern artist.
( )1. What can we know about Vermeer from Paragraph 4
A. He was well-known when he was alive.
B. He gained a good fortune for his family.
C. He didn’t witness the popularity of his works.
D. He considered painting as a way to have fun.
( )2. Who made a great contribution to introducing Vermeer to other artists
A. Rembrandt.
B. His family.
C. American art lovers.
D. Thoré-Bürger.
( )3. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Rediscovery of Vermeer
B. Anecdotes about Vermeer
C. Great Modern French Art
D. The Tough Way to Success in Art
Ⅳ. 语法填空
Chinese art is a visual art that is practised in China or by Chinese artists. The Chinese art of overseas Chinese can also be viewed 　1　 part of Chinese art, because it is based on Chinese culture.
Early “Stone Age Art” dates back to 10,000 BC, mostly 　2　 (consist) of simple pottery and sculptures. After that, Chinese art, like Chinese history, is typically classified by dynasty, 　3　 probably lasted several hundred years.
Chinese art has the oldest continuous tradition in the world. Since the Renaissance, the decorative arts have been 　4　 (extreme) important in Chinese art, especially in Chinese ceramics.
Different forms of art have changed under the influence of great philosophers,
　5　 (religion) figures and even political figures. Early Chinese poetry 　6　 (influence) by The Book of Songs, and the Chinese 　7　 (poetry) and statesman Qu Yuan.
Chinese painting became a highly appreciated art, including a wide variety of
　8　 (style) such as Ming Dynasty painting. Early Chinese music was based on percussion (打击乐器), which later gave way to stringed instruments. In the Han Dynasty, paper cutting became 　9　 new art form after the invention of paper. Chinese opera would also be introduced and branched regionally in addition to other
　10　 (perform) formats such as variety shows.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
夯基培优练(二)
(Learning About Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. The gallery is playing host to an exhibition of (sculpt), which attracts a large number of tourists.
2. A large retina (视网膜) collects more light and more v information.
3. Their task is to help encourage private (invest) in Russia.
4. Soon the youngest boy and his b became king and queen.
5. At the end of the probation (试用期) you will become a p employee.
6. The museum will serve as a (memory) to the millions who passed through Ellis Island.
7. Knowledge makes h ; ignorance makes proud.
8. He (criticism) me yesterday for not finishing the work in time.
9. The deer lowered its head to drink from the p .
Ⅱ. 完形填空
One day a famous painter painted a picture. He put it on exhibition with the title, “Not for 　1　”.
However, it was so beautiful a painting that whoever 　2　 that exhibition asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would 　3　 it. But he said, “I’m extremely sorry but I can’t sell this for any amount. I will sell it to only that person who will understand its 　4　.” Then, an old man 　5　 and said, “I want to buy this painting and here is the 　6　 in this small box for it.” The painter took that box and 　7　 it. There was a paint brush and a few colours in it. Then, he gave that painting to the old man.
All the other people asked the painter with 　8　, “Why did you sell it for a paint brush and a few colours to this old man We were 　9　 you a huge amount for this painting. Are you crazy ” The painter said, “If you 　10　 the painting, there is a man who is teaching a kid to paint with so much devotion. So, the man in the 　11　 is this old man and that kid is me. He is my teacher who taught me to paint and made me become what I am today just thanks to his devotion and blessings. And, the real value of this painting is just a paint brush which is 　12　 by my teacher as this paint brush is more precious than your wealth. With this paint brush I can paint many more paintings.” All people understood and 　13　 the bonding of a teacher and his student. They all took off their hats to show their admiration.
A teacher always gives his best wealth to his student in the 　14　 of knowledge, wisdom and art with an expectation that his student will 　15　 make use of it.
( )1. A. Show B. Sale
C. Play D. Rest
( )2. A. attended B. held
C. organised D. appreciated
( )3. A. check for B. pay for
C. leave for D. charge for
( )4. A. money B. use
C. value D. time
( )5. A. came out B. came through
C. came over D. came about
( )6. A. service B. ticket
C. passport D. price
( )7. A. opened B. broke
C. lifted D. closed
( )8. A. regret B. surprise
C. embarrassment D. anxiety
( )9. A. repaying B. offering
C. rewarding D. lending
( )10. A. realised B. caught
C. confirmed D. noticed
( )11. A. exhibition B. room
C. picture D. show
( )12. A. given B. showed
C. lost D. borrowed
( )13. A. respected B. inspected
C. reported D. shared
( )14. A. case B. size
C. form D. amount
( )15. A. essentially B. desperately
C. necessarily D. properly
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
He lived his whole life as a poor man. His art and talent were recognised by almost no one. He suffered from a mental illness that led him to cut off part of his left ear in 1888 and to shoot himself two years later. But after his death, he achieved world fame. Today, Dutch artist Van Gogh is recognised as one of the leading artists of all time.
Now, 150 years after his birth on 30 March 1853, Zundert, the town of his birth, has made 2003 “The Van Gogh Year” in his honour. And the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, home to the biggest collection of his masterpieces, is marking the anniversary with exhibitions throughout the year. The museum draws around 1.3 million visitors every year. Some people enjoy the art and then learn about his life. Others are interested in his life, which then helps them understand his art.
Van Gogh was the son of a pastor. He left school when he was just 15. By the age of 27, he had already tried many jobs including an art gallery salesman and a French teacher. Finally in 1880, he decided to begin his studies in art.
Van Gogh is famed for his ability to put his own emotions into his paintings and show his feelings about a scene. His style is marked by short, broad brush strokes (绘画笔法). “Instead of trying to reproduce exactly what I have before my eyes, I use colour more freely, in order to express myself more forcibly,” he wrote in a letter to his brother in 1888.
Van Gogh sold only one painting during his short life. He relied heavily on support from his brother, an art dealer who lived in Paris. But now his works are sold for millions of dollars. His Portrait of Doctor Gachet sold for $82.5 million in 1990.It is the highest price ever paid for a painting. “I think his paintings are powerful and the brilliant colour in them are attractive to people,” said a Van Gogh’s fan.
( )1. All through his life, Van Gogh 　　　.
A. depended on his brother
B. worked hard on art studies
C. was not recognised by people
D. expressed himself in paintings
( )2. One of the characteristics of Van Gogh’s paintings is 　　　.
A. the likeness between his paintings and the reality
B. the short time for him to complete a painting 　
C. the various styles mixed together
D. the special strokes he made
( )3. The selling of his paintings is considered to be the most successful because 　　　.
A. more and more people like his paintings
B. people can understand him through his paintings
C. 1.3 million people visit his painting museum every year
D. Zundert has made 2003 “The Van Gogh Year” in his honour
( )4. We can infer from the text that 　　　.
A. his powerful art came from his poor life
B. his fellow townsmen regret treating him unfairly
C. all his paintings were drawn in the last 10 years of his life
D. most of his paintings are kept in the museum of his hometown
夯基培优练(三)
(Using Language) [P5]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. He is the permanent (represent) of China to the UN.
2. The price of 14-inch TV set d from $400 to $320 each last week.
3. We were treated to an (exhibit) of the footballer’s speed and skill.
4. After 25 years the town centre changed beyond all (recognise).
5. This book is an (expand) of the play he wrote before.
6. Bill was among the first to gain e to Buckingham Palace when it opened to the public entirely.
7. A c war is one between people of the same country.
Ⅱ. 重要句型
1. 原句:Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty (1600 BCE—1046 BCE).
(1)靠墙放着一张书桌。
There .
(2)他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中,吉姆身穿蓝色夹克衫。
his friend Jim, and he is wearing a blue jacket.
2. 原句:Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711—1799), a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
【一句多译】
(1)人们相信小汽车是亨利偷的。
① that Henry stole the car.
②Henry is believed the car.
(2)据报道他正在写一本新书。
① that he is writing a new book.
②He is reported a new book.
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Along with the standard pigments (颜料) and paintbrushes, artist Sean Yoro (known as Hula), requires an unconventional piece of equipment for his particular brand of mural (壁画) making: a paddleboard.
The Hawaiian muralist, balanced on the top of the floating platform, describes women from various sites across the world, whose homelands are often threatened by the effects of global warming.
For his one project, titled “What If You Fly”, Hula travelled to Baffin Island, off the coast of Nunavut, Canada, to paint a portrait of local Inuit woman Jesse Mike, who lives there with her daughter.
In a short film telling of the artist’s process, Mike explains her frustrating previous experiences working with filmmakers who reported on the terrible circumstances troubling her endangered landscape. “For most people, it’s about the polar bears, and it’s not about the people,” she said. “Well, let’s make it about the people.”
Hula and his team spent 14 hours searching for the perfect iceberg canvas (油画布), knowing all the while that the ice itself, and any image created on the top of it, would soon melt away into nothing.
“It’s a little ambitious to do this larger-than-life ice mural in the Arctic, and somehow, at the same time, make a connection to the human culture,” climber and filmmaker Renan Ozturk said of the project.
When Hula found his proper ice, he painted a portrait of Jesse he took earlier on his camera. Working against the power of time and Mother Nature, the artist aimed to finish as much of Jesse’s portrait as he could before the iceberg disappeared.
The massive image, Hula’s most remote and technically challenging piece yet, communicates a memorable reality—the consequences of climate change, first and foremost, affect people.
( )1. Why did Jesse Mike complain about some filmmakers
A. They didn’t focus on human beings.
B. They only reported on terrible circumstances.
C. They just reported on frustrating experiences.
D. They showed no sympathy to the endangered landscape.
( )2. Why did Hula paint images on the Arctic ice
A. He wanted to show his unconventional painting.
B. He was ambitious enough to explore Mother Nature.
C. He made an attempt to paint on varieties of materials.
D. He warned people of the consequences of global warming.
( )3. What can be the best title for the text
A. A Muralist and an Inuit
B. Mother Nature, Massive Images
C. Arctic Ice Painting, Memorable Reality
D. Standard Tools, Unconventional Paintings
Ⅳ. 阅读七选五
Children’s art education is something that is much encouraged for the child’s creative growth. This is necessary because a child can have a sense of appreciation for the arts, along with all the other things that they learn in school. 　1　
Children’s art education should be designed from a very early age so that they are allowed to express themselves freely in whatever way that they wish to. 　2　
However, the task of children’s art education is not a very easy one, because you have to find the right way in which you can help them get interested in what you are trying to teach them. 　3　 The physical space where the art education is to be carried out should also be carefully decorated to make it attractive to the children. The use of colours should be made in abundance as that is what attracts a child first to it.
Displaying examples of artwork that you think would be important enough to influence the children is also a good idea. Of course, a photograph of a painting of Van Gogh is something that children might not appreciate. 　4　 This will be a source of inspiration for the children to try them out as well.
The creative process is something that you must not interfere with during a children’s art education class. 　5　 But after that, you must wait for the children themselves to come up with something meaningful to their ability. As long as the end result is connected with the topic, every child’s art work is worth praising.
A. You can just give them a topic for drawing.
B. A trip to an art museum can be an inspiration to many students.
C. They also have a place where they can express all their feelings.
D. The reason for this could be the lack of interest in the teacher.
E. This is the only way that art can be appreciated as children grow up.
F. So creating the right environment for children art education is very important.
G. Instead, put up paintings that children will be fond of.
1. 　2. 　3.
4. 　5.
夯基培优练(四)
(Writing & Assessing Your Progress) [P7]
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Housed in Milan, one of Europe’s dirtiest cities, Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece The Last Supper still faces a threat from air pollution, researchers say, despite preventative measures that have significantly decreased pollutants in the church where the famous painting is on display.
In 2009, Italian authorities installed a heating, ventilation (通风) and air-conditioning system to protect the painting from Milan’s polluted air. To see whether the system could improve air quality, a team of researchers led by Constantinos Sioutas, a professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Southern California, placed two air-quality monitors inside the church for a year to collect samples from around the painting. Results showed the levels of fine and coarse particulates were reduced near the painting by 88 percent and 94 percent, respectively, compared with the corresponding outdoor levels. “It’s a spectacular reduction,” Sioutas said in a statement. “It is, frankly, very impressive.”
Although the researchers applauded the successful decrease in particulates around Leonardo da Vinci’s painting, they warned that indoor sources of pollution may still pose a threat to the priceless painting. Fatty lipids (油脂) from the skin of customers in the church appeared in significant quantities around the painting, despite the fact that visitors getting access to the artwork are strictly regulated.
Only a few visitors are allowed inside the church at a time, and they enter the building and can stay for only 15 minutes each. However, fatty lipids from visitors’ skin can combine with dust in the air and pollute the painting if they come in contact with it, says study researcher Nancy Daher of the University of Southern California.
“Even previous restorations of the painting may pollute its surface,” Daher said. Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitted from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting in the same manner as the fatty lipids.
The researchers noted that their air-sample analysis could be used as a point of reference for future studies aimed at protecting valuable artworks and artefacts.
( )1. What does the underlined word “particulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. The smallest parts of a chemical 　substance.
B. Things dirtier than usual.
C. Certain types of gas.
D. Extremely small pieces of dirt, which cause serious pollution.
( )2. According to the text, the following factors pollute the painting EXCEPT 　　　.
A. fatty lipids from the skin
B. tiny particles of the wax
C. breath of the visitors
D. dust in the air
( )3. What can be the best title of the text
A. How to Decrease Levels of Particulates Effectively 　
B. The Famous Painting—Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper
C. Keeping Air Pollution from Damaging Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper
D. How to Protect Artworks in Households
Ⅱ. 书面表达
活动通知写作
文体感知
概念:活动通知是应用文体,用来向人们传达将要举行的某个活动。书写通知的正文时,语言应简洁明了。同时,必须注意句子之间的衔接,使之符合逻辑、条理清晰。
内容安排:活动通知通常采取一段式,内容包括:
1. 活动的目的和主题;
2. 活动举行的时间和地点;
3. 活动的具体内容;
4. 活动的参加者及注意事项。
【素材】
假定你是李华,为了庆祝新年,你所在的社区将举办一次剪纸 (paper-cutting) 展览。请你用英语写一则通知告知社区居民相关事宜,内容包括:
1. 展览时间及地点;
2. 展览内容。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁
话题
时态
人称
【词汇】
1. 展览　　　　　　　
2. 民间艺术　
3. 为了庆祝　
4. 除了……之外;还　 　
5. 传统艺术　
【句式】
1. 完成句子
(1)为了庆祝春节,我们社区将举办一次剪纸展览。
A paper-cutting exhibition is going in our neighbourhood Chinese New Year.
(2)这次剪纸展览的目的是展示令人惊叹的民间艺术。
The paper-cutting exhibition the amazing folk art.
(3)展览将于本周一上午9点至下午5点在人民广场开幕。
The exhibition from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. this Monday.
(4)展览将持续6天。
The exhibition will .
(5)除了欣赏大量精彩的剪纸作品外,初学者甚至可以在展览中学习这种传统艺术的一些基本技能。
a great number of wonderful paper-cutting works, beginners can even learn some basic skills of this traditional art at the exhibition.
(6)这对于任何对中国传统民间艺术感兴趣的人来说都是非常好的机会。
for anyone who is interested in the Chinese traditional folk art.
(7)希望你不会错过它。
.
2. 句式升级
(1)用过去分词短语作状语合并第1小题中的句(1)、句(2)。
.
(2)用定语从句合并第1小题中的句(3)、句(4)。
.
(3)用such…that句型合并第1小题中的句(6)、句(7)。
.
【妙笔成篇】
核心素养提升
(单元复习) [P9]
Ⅰ. 词汇类记
1. n./adj.+-istic→adj.
real→ adj.现实的;逼真的
ideal→ adj.理想主义的
【n./adj.+-istic→adj.拓展】
human→ adj.人文主义的
art→ adj.艺术的;艺术家的
moral→ adj.道学的;说教的
character→ adj.独特的;特有的
2. n.+-ist→n.
real→ n.现实主义画家(或作家等);现实主义者
human→ n.人文主义者
【n.+-ist→n.拓展】
extreme→ n.极端主义者
ideal→ n.理想主义者　
material→ n.唯物主义者
social→ n.社会主义者
commune→ n.共产主义者
3. n.+-(t)ial→adj.
influence→ adj.有很大影响的;有支配力的
potence→ adj.潜在的;可能的
【n.+-(t)ial→adj.拓展】
essence→ adj.必不可少的;极其重要的
resident→ adj.适合居住的;住宅的
part→ adj.部分的
president→ adj.总统的
4. v.+(去e)-ation→n.
repute→ n.名誉;名声
realise→ n.完成;实现
【v.+(去e)-ation→n.拓展】
determine→ n.决心;坚定
civilise→ n.文明
declare→ n.公告;宣告;宣言
combine→ n.结合;联合体
examine→ n.检查;考查
5. v.+-sion→n.
expand→ n.扩张;扩展;扩大
explode→ n.爆炸
【v.+-sion→n.拓展】
decide→ n.决定
conclude→ n.结论
divide→ n.分开;分配
persuade→ n.说服;劝说
invade→ n.侵略;侵犯
6. v./n.+-ive→adj.
subject→ adj.主观的
represent→ adj.典型的;有代表性的
【v./n.+-ive→adj.拓展】
attract→ adj.有吸引力的;吸引人的
effect→ adj.有效的;起作用的
product→ adj.多产的;富有成效的
act→ adj.积极的;活跃的
7. set+adv.→及物动词短语
set apart→
set down→
【set+adv.及物动词短语拓展】
set up→
set aside→
set off→
set out→
8. be+adj.+of→表示心理情绪的短语
be fond of→
be afraid of→
【be+adj.+of短语拓展】
be ashamed of→
be careful of→
be certain/sure of→
be proud of→
be tired of→
be guilty of→
Ⅱ. 语境检测
1. A p way of making a fire is by rubbing two stones together.
2. Teachers are required to be the men with not only profound knowledge, but also
n character.
3. They r the tennis player the third in the world last month.
4. The manager is talking with a c , who is going to p scores of computers from our company.
5. It was not until I visited Hangzhou that I found it really w of a visit.
6. Yesterday his father c him for being too (subject) in his attitude to the matter.
7. The project has demanded considerable (invest) of time and effort.
8. A s is a piece of music for an orchestra, usually having four main parts.
9. An increase in cars has resulted in the d of public transport.
10. How did the thieves gain (enter) into the building
11. A new technology combining 5G and facial (recognise) is put into use in Beijing Daxing International Airport.
12. His economic policies paved the way for industrial (expand).
13. We can’t g the punctual arrival of trains in fog weather.
Ⅲ. 单元语法精练
1. To do two things at a time is (do) neither.
2. Yet they still appear (believe) that the economy will recover in the second or third quarter.
3. The purpose of education is (develop) a fine personality in children.
4. (sleep) late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.
5. My task is (clean) the classroom this afternoon.
6. My explanation seemed (make) things worse, which drove him madder than before.
7. His part-time job is (promote) new products for the company.
8. Reading is for sure , but applying is also to a greater extent.(learn)
9. What he likes this afternoon is (see) this film.
10. Four people entered the room (look) around in a curious way.
11. He remained (stand) beside the table.
12. We will feel (relax) if music sounds relaxing.
13. The question was where (get) the medicine needed.
14. Whether travelling abroad will do harm to the senior of good remains (see).
15. Another way of setting realistic goals is (analyse) your short-term and long-term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths.
16. Their dream was (have) a bridge across the big river.
17. In the evening the only thing he did was (read) a book quietly.
18. To save time is (lengthen) life.
19. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is (gather) a group of the most talented individuals.
20. His wish is (admit) into a key university. Unit 1　Art
夯基培优练(一)
(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. She pronounced the word very slowly and 　precisely　 (precise).
2. Though one should have dreams, it’s not 　realistic　 (real) to exist on dreams.
3. He was one of the most 　influential　 (influence) performers of modern jazz.
4. We know that taste in art is a 　subjective　 (subject) matter.
5. P　rimitive　 man made himself tools from stones and bones.
6. Moral crisis in universities has become a common phenomenon in the international d　imension　.　
7. They are people of all r　anks　 and classes.
8. They have just p　urchased　 a new house in the city, which cost all their savings.
9. I was discussing the price of our products with a c　lient　 over the phone.
10. The company has e　merged　 as a major player in the London property market since 2022.
11. These few words fully revealed her n　oble　 quality. No wonder she has such a good reputation.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
in particular　　　set apart from
concentrate on no longer
as a result as early as
be fond of turn to
1. The Tower Bridge 　is set apart from　 other bridges by its curves that provide different perspectives of the landscapes.
2. He made one big mistake, and, 　as a result　, lost his job.
3. Solids 　turn to　 liquids at certain temperatures.
4. 　As early as　 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone National Park.
5. We enjoyed the play, the second half 　in particular　.
6. We 　were fond of　 the house and didn’t want to leave.
7. He suffered from poor eyesight and could 　no longer　 read properly.
8. Young children have a limited attention span and can’t 　concentrate on　 one activity for very long.
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective (好内省的) artist that it took hundreds of years for anyone to notice he was a genius.
A major Vermeer exhibition opened at the Louvre in Paris, whose permanent collection included his great painting of a woman absorbed in close, visually demanding work, The Lacemaker. Like other paintings by Vermeer, this image represents modern culture.
So attracted are today’s art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocking when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans can’t name who painted The Girl with a Pearl Earring. Well, maybe they don’t go to the movies much.
It is not true to say he was forgotten—that would suggest he was famous in his lifetime. He was not. Vermeer was one more painter among the many who worked for money in the Dutch Republic in the 17th century. He was not a star like Rembrandt. He obviously took himself and his art seriously. His self-referential painting The Art of Painting proves that. Even though he worked all his life in Delft, he painted only 34 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of 43.
It is fitting that Paris is celebrating Vermeer, because it was the French avant-garde (先锋派) in the 19th century who saved him from being completely forgotten. Compare his paintings Woman in Blue Reading a Letter or The Little Street with, for example, Edouard Manet’s A Bar at the Folies-Bergère (1882) or Camille Pissarro’s The Boulevard Montmartre on a Winter Morning (1897) and it is easy to see why the art of Vermeer found its natural audience in Parisian Bohemia.
All these artists are likely to have known about and admired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic Thoré-Bürger, a veteran of the 1848 revolution.
Vermeer’s rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art. Vermeer is not only a great artist. He is a great modern artist.
(　C　)1. What can we know about Vermeer from Paragraph 4
A. He was well-known when he was alive.
B. He gained a good fortune for his family.
C. He didn’t witness the popularity of his works.
D. He considered painting as a way to have fun.
(　D　)2. Who made a great contribution to introducing Vermeer to other artists
A. Rembrandt.
B. His family.
C. American art lovers.
D. Thoré-Bürger.
(　A　)3. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Rediscovery of Vermeer
B. Anecdotes about Vermeer
C. Great Modern French Art
D. The Tough Way to Success in Art
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名画家约翰内斯·维米尔(Johannes Vermeer),他生前认真创作,但作品并没有出名。在他去世后,他的作品重新被大家发现并受到欢迎。
1. C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“It is not true to say he was forgotten—that would suggest he was famous in his lifetime. He was not.”可知,维米尔生前并不是很有名;且根据下文内容可知,他的作品是在他去世后才被人们发现并喜欢的。由此可推断出,维米尔并没有亲眼看到他的作品受到欢迎。
2. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“All these artists are likely to have known about…due to the efforts of the critic Thoré-Bürger…”可知,Thoré-Bürger在把维米尔介绍给其他艺术家方面作出了巨大的贡献。
3. A　【解析】 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知,本文介绍了著名画家约翰内斯·维米尔,他生前认真创作,但作品并没有出名。在他去世后,他的作品重新被大家发现并受到欢迎。再根据最后一段中的“Vermeer’s rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art.”可知,维米尔的重新发掘是法国现代艺术史的一部分。故A项“重新发现维米尔”能够概括文章主旨。
Ⅳ. 语法填空
Chinese art is a visual art that is practised in China or by Chinese artists. The Chinese art of overseas Chinese can also be viewed 　1　 part of Chinese art, because it is based on Chinese culture.
Early “Stone Age Art” dates back to 10,000 BC, mostly 　2　 (consist) of simple pottery and sculptures. After that, Chinese art, like Chinese history, is typically classified by dynasty, 　3　 probably lasted several hundred years.
Chinese art has the oldest continuous tradition in the world. Since the Renaissance, the decorative arts have been 　4　 (extreme) important in Chinese art, especially in Chinese ceramics.
Different forms of art have changed under the influence of great philosophers,
　5　 (religion) figures and even political figures. Early Chinese poetry 　6　 (influence) by The Book of Songs, and the Chinese 　7　 (poetry) and statesman Qu Yuan.
Chinese painting became a highly appreciated art, including a wide variety of
　8　 (style) such as Ming Dynasty painting. Early Chinese music was based on percussion (打击乐器), which later gave way to stringed instruments. In the Han Dynasty, paper cutting became 　9　 new art form after the invention of paper. Chinese opera would also be introduced and branched regionally in addition to other
　10　 (perform) formats such as variety shows.
1. 　as 2. 　consisting　
3. 　which　 4. 　extremely　
5. 　religious 6. 　was influenced　
7. 　poet 8. 　styles　
9. 　a 10. 　performance　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。中国艺术是一种视觉艺术。文章简要介绍了中国艺术的历史以及中国艺术的形式。
1. as　【解析】 考查介词。句意:华侨的艺术也可以视为中国艺术的一部分,因为它是基于中国文化的。此处为固定搭配,be viewed as意为“被看作是……”。
2. consisting　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处用非谓语动词,主语Early “Stone Age Art”与动词consist之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式。
3. which　【解析】 考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,用于进一步解释前一句。
4. extremely　【解析】 考查副词。句意:文艺复兴时期以来,装饰艺术在中国艺术特别是中国陶器中极其重要。空格处修饰其后的形容词important,应用副词形式。
5. religious　【解析】 考查形容词。根据空后的并列成分“and even political figures”可知,空格处也应为形容词形式,用来修饰figures。
6. was influenced　【解析】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据Early Chinese poetry可知,此处描述的是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时;主语Chinese poetry与动词influence之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态;主语Chinese poetry为单数,故谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式。
7. poet　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文“and statesman Qu Yuan”可知,此处poet和statement是并列同位语,指中国诗人及政治家屈原。
8. styles　【解析】 考查名词的数。此处style表示具体的绘画风格,可数;a wide variety of意为“各种各样的”,其后应接可数名词复数。
9. a　【解析】 考查冠词。句意:发明纸张后,剪纸在汉代成为一种新的艺术形式。此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且new的读音是以辅音音素开头的,应用a。
10. performance　【解析】 考查名词。根据空格前的形容词other可知,此处应用名词,和空格后的formats构成名词短语,表示“其他的表演形式”。
夯基培优练(二)
(Learning About Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. The gallery is playing host to an exhibition of 　sculpture　 (sculpt), which attracts a large number of tourists.
2. A large retina (视网膜) collects more light and more v　isual　 information.
3. Their task is to help encourage private 　investment　 (invest) in Russia.
4. Soon the youngest boy and his b　ride　 became king and queen.
5. At the end of the probation (试用期) you will become a p　ermanent　 employee.
6. The museum will serve as a 　memorial　 (memory) to the millions who passed through Ellis Island.
7. Knowledge makes h　umble　; ignorance makes proud.
8. He 　criticised　 (criticism) me yesterday for not finishing the work in time.
9. The deer lowered its head to drink from the p　ond　.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
One day a famous painter painted a picture. He put it on exhibition with the title, “Not for 　1　”.
However, it was so beautiful a painting that whoever 　2　 that exhibition asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would 　3　 it. But he said, “I’m extremely sorry but I can’t sell this for any amount. I will sell it to only that person who will understand its 　4　.” Then, an old man 　5　 and said, “I want to buy this painting and here is the 　6　 in this small box for it.” The painter took that box and 　7　 it. There was a paint brush and a few colours in it. Then, he gave that painting to the old man.
All the other people asked the painter with 　8　, “Why did you sell it for a paint brush and a few colours to this old man We were 　9　 you a huge amount for this painting. Are you crazy ” The painter said, “If you 　10　 the painting, there is a man who is teaching a kid to paint with so much devotion. So, the man in the 　11　 is this old man and that kid is me. He is my teacher who taught me to paint and made me become what I am today just thanks to his devotion and blessings. And, the real value of this painting is just a paint brush which is 　12　 by my teacher as this paint brush is more precious than your wealth. With this paint brush I can paint many more paintings.” All people understood and 　13　 the bonding of a teacher and his student. They all took off their hats to show their admiration.
A teacher always gives his best wealth to his student in the 　14　 of knowledge, wisdom and art with an expectation that his student will 　15　 make use of it.
(　B　)1. A. Show B. Sale
C. Play D. Rest
(　A　)2. A. attended B. held
C. organised D. appreciated
(　D　)3. A. check for B. pay for
C. leave for D. charge for
(　C　)4. A. money B. use
C. value D. time
(　C　)5. A. came out B. came through
C. came over D. came about
(　D　)6. A. service B. ticket
C. passport D. price
(　A　)7. A. opened B. broke
C. lifted D. closed
(　B　)8. A. regret B. surprise
C. embarrassment D. anxiety
(　B　)9. A. repaying B. offering
C. rewarding D. lending
(　D　)10. A. realised B. caught
C. confirmed D. noticed
(　C　)11. A. exhibition B. room
C. picture D. show
(　A　)12. A. given B. showed
C. lost D. borrowed
(　A　)13. A. respected B. inspected
C. reported D. shared
(　C　)14. A. case B. size
C. form D. amount
(　D　)15. A. essentially B. desperately
C. necessarily D. properly
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位著名画家在展会上展示他的作品,并拒绝高价出售,然而一名老人却用一支笔刷和一些颜料买走了这幅作品,原来此人是画家的老师,画中人正是这名老者。众人最后都由衷敬佩这份师生情谊。
1. B　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文 “but I can’t sell this for any amount”可知,此处应表示“非卖品”。
2. A　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文“He put it on exhibition…”可知,这幅画是在展览上展示的,因此此处是指参加展览的人都在要求画家出售此画。
3. D　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据语境可知,此处是指无论这位画家要价多少,他们都想买这幅画。
4. C　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文“And, the real value of this painting is just a paint brush…”可知,此处是指画家想把这幅画卖给那个懂得它价值的人。
5. C　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据语境可知,老人是想买这幅画,所以走上前去。
6. D　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文“I want to buy this painting”可知,此处是指这盒子里的东西就是它的价钱。
7. A　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文“There was a paint brush and a few colours in it.”可知,画家是拿起那个盒子并打开了它。
8. B　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文可知,画家不以任何价格将这幅画卖给任何人,却卖给了一位老人,而且只换回一支画笔和一些颜料,这让所有人感到惊讶。
9. B　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文“asked the painter to sell that painting for whatever amount he would 　3　 it”可知,此处是指其他人给画家提出了高额的报价。offer意为“出价”。
10. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文“there is a man who is teaching a kid to paint”可知,此处是指如果你注意到这幅画,你就会看到画中有一个人正在教孩子作画。
11. C　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文“If you 　10　 the painting…”可知,此处是指画中的男子正是这名老人。
12. A　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文“A teacher always gives his best wealth to his student…”可知,此处是指老师给的这支画笔就是最大的财富。
13. A　【解析】 考查动词。句意:所有人都能理解并且尊重他们之间的师生情谊。设空处应与“understood”的感彩一致,故此处是指尊重他们的师生情谊。
14. C　【解析】 考查名词。此处表示“一个老师给予他学生最好的财富是以知识、智慧和艺术的形式呈现的”。in the form of 是常见的固定短语,意为“以……的形式”。
15. D　【解析】 考查副词。根据句意可知,此处是指老师希望学生能够恰当地运用老师教给他的东西。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
He lived his whole life as a poor man. His art and talent were recognised by almost no one. He suffered from a mental illness that led him to cut off part of his left ear in 1888 and to shoot himself two years later. But after his death, he achieved world fame. Today, Dutch artist Van Gogh is recognised as one of the leading artists of all time.
Now, 150 years after his birth on 30 March 1853, Zundert, the town of his birth, has made 2003 “The Van Gogh Year” in his honour. And the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, home to the biggest collection of his masterpieces, is marking the anniversary with exhibitions throughout the year. The museum draws around 1.3 million visitors every year. Some people enjoy the art and then learn about his life. Others are interested in his life, which then helps them understand his art.
Van Gogh was the son of a pastor. He left school when he was just 15. By the age of 27, he had already tried many jobs including an art gallery salesman and a French teacher. Finally in 1880, he decided to begin his studies in art.
Van Gogh is famed for his ability to put his own emotions into his paintings and show his feelings about a scene. His style is marked by short, broad brush strokes (绘画笔法). “Instead of trying to reproduce exactly what I have before my eyes, I use colour more freely, in order to express myself more forcibly,” he wrote in a letter to his brother in 1888.
Van Gogh sold only one painting during his short life. He relied heavily on support from his brother, an art dealer who lived in Paris. But now his works are sold for millions of dollars. His Portrait of Doctor Gachet sold for $82.5 million in 1990.It is the highest price ever paid for a painting. “I think his paintings are powerful and the brilliant colour in them are attractive to people,” said a Van Gogh’s fan.
(　C　)1. All through his life, Van Gogh 　　　.
A. depended on his brother
B. worked hard on art studies
C. was not recognised by people
D. expressed himself in paintings
(　D　)2. One of the characteristics of Van Gogh’s paintings is 　　　.
A. the likeness between his paintings and the reality
B. the short time for him to complete a painting 　
C. the various styles mixed together
D. the special strokes he made
(　A　)3. The selling of his paintings is considered to be the most successful because 　　　.
A. more and more people like his paintings
B. people can understand him through his paintings
C. 1.3 million people visit his painting museum every year
D. Zundert has made 2003 “The Van Gogh Year” in his honour
(　C　)4. We can infer from the text that 　　　.
A. his powerful art came from his poor life
B. his fellow townsmen regret treating him unfairly
C. all his paintings were drawn in the last 10 years of his life
D. most of his paintings are kept in the museum of his hometown
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。梵高(Van Gogh)是一位生命短暂而艺术长久的画家。梵高的一生一直与苦难相伴,而他最终以令人惋惜的方式告别了他热爱的世界。他那敏感的心理和激情的创作成就了他艺术的辉煌。
1. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“His art and talent were recognised by almost no one.”可知,梵高活着的时候他的艺术与天赋并没有得到人们的认可。
2. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“His style is marked by short, broad brush strokes (绘画笔法).”可知,他的作画风格以简练、粗放的笔触为特征。
3. A　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Some people enjoy the art and then learn about his life. Others are interested in his life…”以及常理可推知,正是因为越来越多的人喜欢梵高的作品,所以其作品才得以高价出售并大获成功。
4. C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Finally in 1880, he decided to begin his studies in art.”可知,梵高在1880年才投身于绘画艺术;根据第一段中的“to cut off part of his left ear in 1888 and to shoot himself two years later”可知,梵高在1890年开枪自杀。由此可推断,他的作品都创作于他生命中的最后十年。
夯基培优练(三)
(Using Language) [P5]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. He is the permanent 　representative　 (represent) of China to the UN.
2. The price of 14-inch TV set d　eclined　 from $400 to $320 each last week.
3. We were treated to an 　exhibition　 (exhibit) of the footballer’s speed and skill.
4. After 25 years the town centre changed beyond all 　recognition　 (recognise).
5. This book is an 　expansion　 (expand) of the play he wrote before.
6. Bill was among the first to gain e　ntry　 to Buckingham Palace when it opened to the public entirely.
7. A c　ivil　 war is one between people of the same country.
Ⅱ. 重要句型
1. 原句:Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty (1600 BCE—1046 BCE).
(1)靠墙放着一张书桌。
There 　stands a desk against the wall　.
(2)他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中,吉姆身穿蓝色夹克衫。
　Among these people is　 his friend Jim, and he is wearing a blue jacket.
2. 原句:Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711—1799), a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
【一句多译】
(1)人们相信小汽车是亨利偷的。
①　It is believed　 that Henry stole the car.
②Henry is believed 　to have stolen　 the car.
(2)据报道他正在写一本新书。
①　It is reported　 that he is writing a new book.
②He is reported 　to be writing　 a new book.
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Along with the standard pigments (颜料) and paintbrushes, artist Sean Yoro (known as Hula), requires an unconventional piece of equipment for his particular brand of mural (壁画) making: a paddleboard.
The Hawaiian muralist, balanced on the top of the floating platform, describes women from various sites across the world, whose homelands are often threatened by the effects of global warming.
For his one project, titled “What If You Fly”, Hula travelled to Baffin Island, off the coast of Nunavut, Canada, to paint a portrait of local Inuit woman Jesse Mike, who lives there with her daughter.
In a short film telling of the artist’s process, Mike explains her frustrating previous experiences working with filmmakers who reported on the terrible circumstances troubling her endangered landscape. “For most people, it’s about the polar bears, and it’s not about the people,” she said. “Well, let’s make it about the people.”
Hula and his team spent 14 hours searching for the perfect iceberg canvas (油画布), knowing all the while that the ice itself, and any image created on the top of it, would soon melt away into nothing.
“It’s a little ambitious to do this larger-than-life ice mural in the Arctic, and somehow, at the same time, make a connection to the human culture,” climber and filmmaker Renan Ozturk said of the project.
When Hula found his proper ice, he painted a portrait of Jesse he took earlier on his camera. Working against the power of time and Mother Nature, the artist aimed to finish as much of Jesse’s portrait as he could before the iceberg disappeared.
The massive image, Hula’s most remote and technically challenging piece yet, communicates a memorable reality—the consequences of climate change, first and foremost, affect people.
(　A　)1. Why did Jesse Mike complain about some filmmakers
A. They didn’t focus on human beings.
B. They only reported on terrible circumstances.
C. They just reported on frustrating experiences.
D. They showed no sympathy to the endangered landscape.
(　D　)2. Why did Hula paint images on the Arctic ice
A. He wanted to show his unconventional painting.
B. He was ambitious enough to explore Mother Nature.
C. He made an attempt to paint on varieties of materials.
D. He warned people of the consequences of global warming.
(　C　)3. What can be the best title for the text
A. A Muralist and an Inuit
B. Mother Nature, Massive Images
C. Arctic Ice Painting, Memorable Reality
D. Standard Tools, Unconventional Paintings
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了壁画大师Hula前往巴芬岛,通过在冰上画一名因纽特女性的肖像来提醒人们气候变化正在影响人类的事实。
1. A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For most people, it’s about the polar bears, and it’s not about the people…”可知,Jesse抱怨那些电影制作人只关注气候变化对当地动物的影响,而不关注当地人。
2. D　【解析】 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“the consequences of climate change, first and foremost, affect people”可推知,Hula在北极冰川上作画是为了警告人们全球变暖的后果。
3. C　【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了艺术家Hula以北极冰川为画布作画的事情,他以这种独特的方式来提醒人们关注气候变暖对人类的影响。故C项“北极冰画,难忘的现实”能概括文章大意,可作为最佳标题。
Ⅳ. 阅读七选五
Children’s art education is something that is much encouraged for the child’s creative growth. This is necessary because a child can have a sense of appreciation for the arts, along with all the other things that they learn in school. 　1　
Children’s art education should be designed from a very early age so that they are allowed to express themselves freely in whatever way that they wish to. 　2　
However, the task of children’s art education is not a very easy one, because you have to find the right way in which you can help them get interested in what you are trying to teach them. 　3　 The physical space where the art education is to be carried out should also be carefully decorated to make it attractive to the children. The use of colours should be made in abundance as that is what attracts a child first to it.
Displaying examples of artwork that you think would be important enough to influence the children is also a good idea. Of course, a photograph of a painting of Van Gogh is something that children might not appreciate. 　4　 This will be a source of inspiration for the children to try them out as well.
The creative process is something that you must not interfere with during a children’s art education class. 　5　 But after that, you must wait for the children themselves to come up with something meaningful to their ability. As long as the end result is connected with the topic, every child’s art work is worth praising.
A. You can just give them a topic for drawing.
B. A trip to an art museum can be an inspiration to many students.
C. They also have a place where they can express all their feelings.
D. The reason for this could be the lack of interest in the teacher.
E. This is the only way that art can be appreciated as children grow up.
F. So creating the right environment for children art education is very important.
G. Instead, put up paintings that children will be fond of.
1. 　C　　2. 　E　　3. 　F　
4. 　G　　5. 　A　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了培养艺术欣赏力对儿童发展的好处,以及一些提高儿童欣赏力的有效方法。
1. C　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文“a child can have a sense of appreciation for the arts”可知,此处是在介绍儿童艺术教育的好处,C项“他们也拥有一个表达他们的情感的地方”也讲述了艺术的益处。
2. E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文“Children’s art education should be designed from a very early age…”可知,此处主要在讲要在孩子们非常小的时候教导他们欣赏艺术,故空格处应说明早期的艺术教育对儿童成长的影响,E项“这是孩子们在成长过程中欣赏艺术的唯一途径”符合语境。
3. F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文“The physical space where the art education is to be carried out should also be carefully decorated…”可知,此处主要在介绍如何创造和装饰艺术教育场所,F项“因此,为孩子创造良好的艺术教育环境是非常重要的”也在讲述艺术教育环境。
4. G　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文“a photograph of a painting of Van Gogh is something that children might not appreciate”可知,此处主要在讲不要挂一些孩子们不喜欢的作品,G项“相反,挂一些孩子们会喜欢的画”符合语境,选项中的“painting”是原词复现。
5. A　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文“But after that, you must wait for the children themselves to come up with something meaningful to their ability.”可知,之后,你要等待孩子们自己想出一些适合他们能力的有意义的事情,说明之前你已经给孩子们提供了想象和创造的空间,故A项“你可以给孩子一个画画的主题”符合语境。
夯基培优练(四)
(Writing & Assessing Your Progress) [P7]
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Housed in Milan, one of Europe’s dirtiest cities, Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece The Last Supper still faces a threat from air pollution, researchers say, despite preventative measures that have significantly decreased pollutants in the church where the famous painting is on display.
In 2009, Italian authorities installed a heating, ventilation (通风) and air-conditioning system to protect the painting from Milan’s polluted air. To see whether the system could improve air quality, a team of researchers led by Constantinos Sioutas, a professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Southern California, placed two air-quality monitors inside the church for a year to collect samples from around the painting. Results showed the levels of fine and coarse particulates were reduced near the painting by 88 percent and 94 percent, respectively, compared with the corresponding outdoor levels. “It’s a spectacular reduction,” Sioutas said in a statement. “It is, frankly, very impressive.”
Although the researchers applauded the successful decrease in particulates around Leonardo da Vinci’s painting, they warned that indoor sources of pollution may still pose a threat to the priceless painting. Fatty lipids (油脂) from the skin of customers in the church appeared in significant quantities around the painting, despite the fact that visitors getting access to the artwork are strictly regulated.
Only a few visitors are allowed inside the church at a time, and they enter the building and can stay for only 15 minutes each. However, fatty lipids from visitors’ skin can combine with dust in the air and pollute the painting if they come in contact with it, says study researcher Nancy Daher of the University of Southern California.
“Even previous restorations of the painting may pollute its surface,” Daher said. Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitted from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting in the same manner as the fatty lipids.
The researchers noted that their air-sample analysis could be used as a point of reference for future studies aimed at protecting valuable artworks and artefacts.
(　D　)1. What does the underlined word “particulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. The smallest parts of a chemical 　substance.
B. Things dirtier than usual.
C. Certain types of gas.
D. Extremely small pieces of dirt, which cause serious pollution.
(　C　)2. According to the text, the following factors pollute the painting EXCEPT 　　　.
A. fatty lipids from the skin
B. tiny particles of the wax
C. breath of the visitors
D. dust in the air
(　C　)3. What can be the best title of the text
A. How to Decrease Levels of Particulates Effectively 　
B. The Famous Painting—Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper
C. Keeping Air Pollution from Damaging Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper
D. How to Protect Artworks in Households
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保存在意大利米兰市一家教堂的达·芬奇名画《最后的晚餐》受到了空气污染的威胁的现状。 虽然采取的措施使教堂空气质量得到提高,但一些污染隐患仍存在。
1. D　【解析】 词义猜测题。根据文章内容及上文“placed two air-quality monitors inside the church”可知,达·芬奇的名画《最后的晚餐》受到空气污染的威胁,研究人员在其周围放置了两台空气质量监测器来评估空气质量,因此画线词所在句应是讲述空气中的污染物浓度下降。
2. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“fatty lipids from visitors’ skin can combine with dust in the air and pollute the painting”以及第五段中的“Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitted from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting…”可知,给名画《最后的晚餐》带来污染的因素主要有参观者皮肤上的油脂、修复时产生的蜡颗粒以及空气中的灰尘等。
3. C　【解析】 标题归纳题。综合文章内容可知,本文主要介绍如何保护达·芬奇的名画《最后的晚餐》,使其免受污染物的影响,故C项“保护达·芬奇的名画《最后的晚餐》免受空气污染”可以概括文章大意,可作为最佳标题。
Ⅱ. 书面表达
活动通知写作
文体感知
概念:活动通知是应用文体,用来向人们传达将要举行的某个活动。书写通知的正文时,语言应简洁明了。同时,必须注意句子之间的衔接,使之符合逻辑、条理清晰。
内容安排:活动通知通常采取一段式,内容包括:
1. 活动的目的和主题;
2. 活动举行的时间和地点;
3. 活动的具体内容;
4. 活动的参加者及注意事项。
【素材】
假定你是李华,为了庆祝新年,你所在的社区将举办一次剪纸 (paper-cutting) 展览。请你用英语写一则通知告知社区居民相关事宜,内容包括:
1. 展览时间及地点;
2. 展览内容。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁 应用文
话题 通知居民剪纸展览事宜
时态 一般现在时和一般将来时
人称 以第一人称和第二人称为主
【词汇】
1. 展览　　　　　　　　exhibition　
2. 民间艺术　 　folk art　
3. 为了庆祝　 　in celebration of　
4. 除了……之外;还　 　apart from　　
5. 传统艺术　 　traditional art　
【句式】
1. 完成句子
(1)为了庆祝春节,我们社区将举办一次剪纸展览。
A paper-cutting exhibition is going 　to be held　 in our neighbourhood 　in celebration of　 Chinese New Year.
(2)这次剪纸展览的目的是展示令人惊叹的民间艺术。
The paper-cutting exhibition 　is aimed at displaying　 the amazing folk art.
(3)展览将于本周一上午9点至下午5点在人民广场开幕。
The exhibition 　will be open on the Renmin Square　 from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. this Monday.
(4)展览将持续6天。
The exhibition will 　last for 6 days　.
(5)除了欣赏大量精彩的剪纸作品外,初学者甚至可以在展览中学习这种传统艺术的一些基本技能。
　Apart from admiring　 a great number of wonderful paper-cutting works, beginners can even learn some basic skills of this traditional art at the exhibition.
(6)这对于任何对中国传统民间艺术感兴趣的人来说都是非常好的机会。
　It’s a good opportunity　 for anyone who is interested in the Chinese traditional folk art.
(7)希望你不会错过它。
　Hope you won’t miss it　.
2. 句式升级
(1)用过去分词短语作状语合并第1小题中的句(1)、句(2)。
　Aimed at displaying the amazing folk art, a paper-cutting exhibition is going to be held in our neighbourhood in celebration of Chinese New Year　.
(2)用定语从句合并第1小题中的句(3)、句(4)。
　The exhibition will be open on the Renmin Square from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. this Monday, which will last for 6 days　.
(3)用such…that句型合并第1小题中的句(6)、句(7)。
　It’s such a good opportunity for anyone who is interested in the Chinese traditional folk art that hope you won’t miss it　.
【妙笔成篇】
　Announcement　
Aimed at displaying the amazing folk art, a paper-cutting exhibition is going to be held in our neighbourhood in celebration of Chinese New Year. The exhibition will be open on the Renmin Square from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. this Monday, which will last for 6 days. Apart from admiring a great number of wonderful paper-cutting works, beginners can even learn some basic skills of this traditional art at the exhibition. It’s such a good opportunity for anyone who is interested in the Chinese traditional folk art that hope you won’t miss it.
The Residents’ Committee
核心素养提升
(单元复习) [P9]
Ⅰ. 词汇类记
1. n./adj.+-istic→adj.
real→　realistic　 adj.现实的;逼真的
ideal→　idealistic　 adj.理想主义的
【n./adj.+-istic→adj.拓展】
human→　humanistic　 adj.人文主义的
art→　artistic　 adj.艺术的;艺术家的
moral→　moralistic　 adj.道学的;说教的
character→　characteristic　 adj.独特的;特有的
2. n.+-ist→n.
real→　realist　 n.现实主义画家(或作家等);现实主义者
human→　humanist　 n.人文主义者
【n.+-ist→n.拓展】
extreme→　extremist　 n.极端主义者
ideal→　idealist　 n.理想主义者　
material→　materialist　 n.唯物主义者
social→　socialist　 n.社会主义者
commune→　communist　 n.共产主义者
3. n.+-(t)ial→adj.
influence→　influential　 adj.有很大影响的;有支配力的
potence→　potential　 adj.潜在的;可能的
【n.+-(t)ial→adj.拓展】
essence→　essential　 adj.必不可少的;极其重要的
resident→　residential　 adj.适合居住的;住宅的
part→　partial　 adj.部分的
president→　presidential　 adj.总统的
4. v.+(去e)-ation→n.
repute→　reputation　 n.名誉;名声
realise→　realisation　 n.完成;实现
【v.+(去e)-ation→n.拓展】
determine→　determination　 n.决心;坚定
civilise→　civilisation　 n.文明
declare→　declaration　 n.公告;宣告;宣言
combine→　combination　 n.结合;联合体
examine→　examination　 n.检查;考查
5. v.+-sion→n.
expand→　expansion　 n.扩张;扩展;扩大
explode→　explosion　 n.爆炸
【v.+-sion→n.拓展】
decide→　decision　 n.决定
conclude→　conclusion　 n.结论
divide→　division　 n.分开;分配
persuade→　persuasion　 n.说服;劝说
invade→　invasion　 n.侵略;侵犯
6. v./n.+-ive→adj.
subject→　subjective　 adj.主观的
represent→　representative　 adj.典型的;有代表性的
【v./n.+-ive→adj.拓展】
attract→　attractive　 adj.有吸引力的;吸引人的
effect→　effective　 adj.有效的;起作用的
product→　productive　 adj.多产的;富有成效的
act→　active　 adj.积极的;活跃的
7. set+adv.→及物动词短语
set apart→　使突出;使与众不同　
set down→　写下;记下;制定　
【set+adv.及物动词短语拓展】
set up→　建立;建起;引发　
set aside→　留出;暂时不考虑　
set off→　出发;使(炸弹等)爆炸;激起　
set out→　出发;摆放;陈列　
8. be+adj.+of→表示心理情绪的短语
be fond of→　喜爱;喜欢　
be afraid of→　害怕　
【be+adj.+of短语拓展】
be ashamed of→　为……感到羞愧　
be careful of→　小心;留心　
be certain/sure of→　确定;对……有把握　
be proud of→　为……感到自豪　
be tired of→　对……感到厌倦　
be guilty of→　对……感到内疚　
Ⅱ. 语境检测
1. A p　rimitive　 way of making a fire is by rubbing two stones together.
2. Teachers are required to be the men with not only profound knowledge, but also
n　oble　 character.
3. They r　anked　 the tennis player the third in the world last month.
4. The manager is talking with a c　lient　, who is going to p　urchase　 scores of computers from our company.
5. It was not until I visited Hangzhou that I found it really w　orthy　 of a visit.
6. Yesterday his father c　riticised　 him for being too 　subjective　 (subject) in his attitude to the matter.
7. The project has demanded considerable 　investment　 (invest) of time and effort.
8. A s　ymphony　 is a piece of music for an orchestra, usually having four main parts.
9. An increase in cars has resulted in the d　ecline　 of public transport.
10. How did the thieves gain 　entry　 (enter) into the building
11. A new technology combining 5G and facial 　recognition　 (recognise) is put into use in Beijing Daxing International Airport.
12. His economic policies paved the way for industrial 　expansion　 (expand).
13. We can’t g　uarantee　 the punctual arrival of trains in fog weather.
Ⅲ. 单元语法精练
1. To do two things at a time is 　to do　 (do) neither.
2. Yet they still appear 　to believe　 (believe) that the economy will recover in the second or third quarter.
3. The purpose of education is 　to develop　 (develop) a fine personality in children.
4. 　To sleep　 (sleep) late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.
5. My task is 　to clean　 (clean) the classroom this afternoon.
6. My explanation seemed 　to make　 (make) things worse, which drove him madder than before.
7. His part-time job is 　promoting　 (promote) new products for the company.
8. Reading is for sure 　learning　, but applying is also 　learning　 to a greater extent.(learn)
9. What he likes this afternoon is 　to see　 (see) this film.
10. Four people entered the room 　looking　 (look) around in a curious way.
11. He remained 　standing　 (stand) beside the table.
12. We will feel 　relaxed　 (relax) if music sounds relaxing.
13. The question was where 　to get　 (get) the medicine needed.
14. Whether travelling abroad will do harm to the senior of good remains 　to be seen　 (see).
15. Another way of setting realistic goals is 　to analyse　 (analyse) your short-term and long-term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths.
16. Their dream was 　to have　 (have) a bridge across the big river.
17. In the evening the only thing he did was 　to read　 (read) a book quietly.
18. To save time is 　to lengthen　 (lengthen) life.
19. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is 　to gather　 (gather) a group of the most talented individuals.
20. His wish is 　to be admitted　 (admit) into a key university.

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