资源简介

(共23张PPT)
Welcome Unit
Discovering useful structures
Analyse basic sentence structures
At the end of this lesson, students are able to:
Master the five basic patterns of simple sentences and identify the sentence components;
Analyze and transform simple sentences correctly;
Apply the five basic simple sentence patterns flexibly.
Learning objectives:
Let's go！
01
02
03
04
Sentence components
Homework
Exercises
Simple sentence structures
Sentence components
01
中文：昨天我踢了足球。
相同点：都有句子结构的主要成分
不同点：语序不一样
英文：I play football yesterday.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
Sentence components
Sentence components
The cat runs fast.
It is cute.
Eight is a lucky number in China.
Running is my hobby.
To see is to believe.
What we need is time.
名词
动名词
动词不定式
代词
数词
句子
主语
主语 (S-subject): 表明句子说的是谁或什么情况，一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式、主语从句等充当。
Sentence components
Tom catches Jerry.
The students like English.
The fish swims.
The birds fly.
及物动词
及物动词
不及物动词
不及物动词
谓语（动词）
谓语 (V-verb)：说明主语的动作或状态，一般由及物动词和不及物动词充当。
Sentence components
宾语 (O-object): 表示动作、行为的对象；宾语一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式等充当；及物动词后称为动词宾语，介词后称为介词宾语；有些动词可接双宾语 (即直接宾语 → 常指物，和间接宾语 → 常指人)。
She buys a pen.
She likes it.
She wants five.
She likes reading.
She wants to be a writer.
She waits for the chance.
She gives Lily a book.
名词
代词
数词
动名词
不定式
Lily：间接宾语；a book：直接宾语
名词 (介宾)
宾语（动词或介词后）
Sentence components
She is a girl.
She grows tall.
She feels happy.
He seems angry.
系动词 (linking verb): 状态系动词，表示主语的状态、身份等。常见的系动词有：be 动词 (am, is, are), 半系动词 (stay, keep, turn, remain, get 等)，感官系动词 (feel, smell, taste, sound等)。
系动词
Sentence components
表语 (P-predicative)：用在系动词之后, 说明主语“是什么” “怎么样”；一般可由名词、形容词、动名词、动词不定式、代词、数词、介词短语等充当。
She is a teacher.
The sofa feels soft.
Her hobby is running.
Her goal is to be an expert.
The lucky number in China is eight.
She is in the office.
表语
Sentence components
定语 (attribute)：用来修饰或限制名词或代词的成分; 一般可由形容词、非谓语动词、名词、数词、 冠词、介词短语等充当。
a tall girl
five pens
something to drink
a sleeping dog
the burnt bread
a baby in the room
a book shop
定语(限定修饰)
Sentence components
状语 (adverbial): 用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词或整个句子的成分；说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的等; 一般可由副词或介词短语充当。
run quickly
very well
quite tall
She has taught English for ten years.
状语
Sentence components
宾语补足语 (Object complement): 用来补充说明宾语的情况。
She encouraged her students to study hard.
They make the classroom clean.
She saw Daming standing there.
She thinks Lionel Messi a good player.
宾补
Sentence components
S (subject) V (verb) O (object) P (predicative)
A (adverbial) DO (direct object) IO (indirect object)
C (object complement)　
What is a sentence made up of
Simple sentence structures
02
Simple sentence structures
简单句的基本句型 1.主谓 (SV) 5.主谓宾+宾补 (SVOC)
2.主谓宾 (SVO) 6.主谓状 (SVA)
3.主系表 (SP) 7.主谓宾状 (SVOA)
4.主谓双宾 (S V IO DO) 8.存在句：There be …
Sentence structures Examples Your sentences
SV The cat ran.
SVO They play football.
SP My English teacher is kind but strict.
S V IO DO He gave me a present.
SVOC I found English useful.
SVA He stood behind the tree.
SVOA I had breakfast at home.
There be … There is a lot to learn at senior high school.
Read the examples of sentence structures and make your own sentences.
Exercises
03
Exercises
The old man stands in the snow.（ ）
We must study.（ ）
The teacher looks happy.（ ）
She found the classroom empty.（ ）
He bought me a new car.（ ）
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.（ ）
There are many trees in the park.（ ）
They have lunch at school everyday. （ ）
主谓状
主谓
主系表
主谓宾补
Read the sentences and analyse the structure.
主谓宾宾
主谓宾
存在句：There be ...
主谓宾状
Homework
04
Homework
Level 1:Remember the sentence structures and finish the exercises in your book.
Level 2:Use different sentence structures to write something about your senior high school life.
Fighting！
Best wishes for you
Thanks
The more harder you study, the luckier you will be!
By Sandy Xie

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