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(共14张PPT)
主语从句的几大问题
1.语序？
陈述语序：
Who will go to the concert is not known.
Whether they will cooperate with us is still unknown.
2.位置？
（1）句首： That she survived the accident is a miracle.
（2）句末：用形式主语it代替
It is a miracle that she survived the accident
3.引导词：和其他的名词性从句大同小异
（1）that (不作成分；无词义；陈述事实，不含疑问;不能省略。)
That she survived the accident is a miracle.
（2）whether(不作成分；有词义；含有疑问“是否”；不能省略)；if必须有条件作为表“是否”引导词使用（前面用先行词it代替，将if从句放在后面）。
Whether they will cooperate with us is still unknown.
It is unclear whether/if he likes the present.
应试法则：表 “是否”时都用whether。注意：if 还可以引导条件状语从句，表“如果”而whether 不行。
（3）疑问引导词
A . who(m)/what /which ;
B. when/how/where/why;
C. whoever/whatever/whichever
Who/what的区别：who指人 what指事物
相同点：作主语、宾语；what 、which还可作定语
Who will go to the concert is not known.主语
Who(m) you invited surprised me.宾语
What made her sad was that she failed the English exam.主语
What we need most are popular science books.宾语
What caused the explosion remains a mystery.含疑问
What role he will play in the film hasn’t been known.定语
Whose book this is remains a mystery.定语
A. 连接代词Who/what/ which、whose要作成分；有词义；含有疑问（注意：what表“所…的”时候没有疑问”如：What she said/knew/did… is ….）；不能省略
What 和which作定语的区别：
先看以下两个句子：
What book do you like (不限定具体书籍，无预设范围，询问未知事物或泛指类别。)
Which book do you prefer ,this one or that one (在指定书籍间选择)
练习：
1.______ role he will play in the film hasn’t been known .
2.______ design is the best must be tried in practice.
分析：第1题中没有明确的范围，属泛指类别，应填What;
第二句中有“the best ”表明是在具体的几个中进行比较、选择，应填Which.
Whose 作定语表示“谁的”
Whose fault it was became clear after the investigation.
B. when/how/where/why作状语的区别：分别作时间、方式、地点、原因状语
解题策略：分析从句的句意找出所差的信息，然后选用相应的引导词。
1.______ John was late for the class has been unexplained.
2.______ it was done was a mystery.
3.______ the party will be held has not been decided.
解析：第1题根据句意应该得出本空应该表达迟到的 “原因”，所以填Why;第2题可以分析出句中差这件事做的方式、时间、地点，所以可填How/When/Where；第3题需要的意义是时间和地点，所以可填Where/When。
C.whoever/whatever/whichever作成分；有词义；不含疑问；不能省略；翻译为“无论谁、什么、哪一个（些）；任何的事物、人…”
Whoever=anyone who; whichever=anyone/anything that
Whatever=anything that what=the thing(s) that
how=the way in which why=the reason why
Where=the place where when=the time when
4.主谓一致
(1)主语从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式。What引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What he needs most is money.
What the school needs most are books.
(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数形式。
When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.
When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear.
解题策略：分析判断原句是否差成分，1.不差的话就考虑that或whether，再看差不差“是否”意义，不差就填that，差就填whether；2.差成分的话，就要继续思考差什么成分，差主语、宾语就考虑who、what、which；差定语考虑用what、which、whose；差状语就考虑when、where、why、how；3.如果既差成分作主语、宾语又需要表达无论、不管的意义就考虑whoever、whatever、whichever。
练习：用适当的连接词填空
1. _________ she survived the accident is a miracle.
2. _________ team will win the match is still unknown.
3. _________ comes to the party will receive a present.
4. _________ (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.
5. _________ it was done was a mystery.
That
Which
Whoever
Whichever
How/When/Where
6. _________ the party will be held has not yet been decided.
7. _________ prices will go up is certain.
8. _________ cars will be parked in the future is a question.
9. _________ breaks the traffic rules should be punished.
10. _________ design is the best must be tried in practice.
Where/When
That
Where
Whoever
Which

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