资源简介

中考英语二轮专题：阅读理解 答案解析
Ⅰ
【主旨大意】本文是一篇旅游指南类应用文，介绍了深圳欢乐谷的位置、门票价格、交通方式、礼品店商品以及团体预约等信息，方便游客了解并前往游玩。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.B
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。文中提到三种方式：旅游巴士1路、公交20/21/26/27路、地铁1号线。共3种，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据“The park is totally accessible to people with disabilities.”可知，残疾人可以进入公园，轮椅使用者也能参观。A错在Thursdays；B错在23:30已闭园；C错在tourist bus No.21不存在。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。全日票180元/人，3岁以下免费。一对夫妇=180×2=360元，孩子免费。故选B。
4. 细节理解题。礼品店有books, T-shirts, toys；小吃吧卖ice cream, fruit juice。不卖新鲜水果。故选D。
5. 推理判断题。文章是主题公园介绍，最可能出现在旅游手册里。故选B。
Ⅱ
【主旨大意】文章采访了四位同学，介绍他们各自的奇怪习惯、带来的影响以及他们都希望改变这些习惯的想法。
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。根据Sam一栏“On weekends, I always look at my phone…”可知他总看手机。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据Peter一栏“I wanted to know what was in the ‘box’, so I started to take it apart.”可知他想知道工作原理才拆开。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。空后讲咬铅笔会让病菌进入身体，因此原因是不健康。故选A。
4. 词义猜测题。neat 意为“整洁的”，反义词是messy 凌乱的。故选B。
5. 推理判断题。四位学生都在文末说want to change / stop这个习惯。故选C。
Ⅲ
【主旨大意】本文是Joyce第二单元“节日”的学习自评与同伴评价表，包含阅读、听力、词汇、语法、口语、写作的掌握情况与总分评价。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。由Listening一栏“I can listen for useful information…”可知选C。
2. 细节理解题。口语得分9/12，是所有项目中最低，最需要提高。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。总分35/40，属于30~40区间，对应评语“Well done! You work hard.”故选D。
4. 推理判断题。学习记录用于自我检查学习进度与掌握情况。故选B。
5. 主旨大意题。标题Unit 2 Let's celebrate! 内容围绕festivals，主题是节日。故选A。
Ⅳ
【主旨大意】本文是科普说明文，介绍萤火虫的生活环境、发光原理、发光目的以及数量下降的原因，并提到中国在云南发现新物种。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。第一段“live near ponds, streams, rivers…”说明喜欢潮湿wet环境。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。第二段“fireflies have light organs under their abdomens”可知发光器官是原因。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。第三段“the faster males flash, the more attractive they are to females.”为了吸引雌性注意。故选A。
4. 词义猜测题。habitat destruction意为栖息地破坏，即破坏生存环境。故选A。
5. 推理判断题。全文科普知识，最可能来自科学杂志。故选C。
Ⅴ
【主旨大意】本文论述成功的关键：梦想+相信+持续行动才能实现目标，只空想不行动永远不会成功。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。第二段“Try and keep trying, and you'll be sure to successfully deal with any difficulty”可知要不断尝试。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。原公式Dream>Believe>Achieve，作者添加Act。故选A。
3. 词义猜测题。obstacles 意为“障碍、困难”，对应difficulties。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。作者用公式支撑自己的观点：行动最重要。故选A。
5. 标题归纳题。全文核心：坚持行动实现梦想。故选C。
Ⅵ
【主旨大意】本文介绍晕动症的症状、成因，并通过实验说明不同音乐对缓解晕动症的效果，提出个性化音乐列表可能有效。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.C
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。第一段“Motion sickness is feeling dizzy and sick”，A正确。B错在almost everyone；C错在2-12岁更易，不是所有孩子；D错在不只是车船。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。第二段“because their senses are sending different messages to their brains”眼睛和内耳信息冲突。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。最后一段：joyful最好 → soft第二 → passionate第三 → sad最差。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。文末“personalized music playlists could be the secret to helping people beat motion sickness”。故选C。
5. 推理判断题。科普健康实验，出自杂志科学版面。故选C。
Ⅶ
【主旨大意】本文节选自《汤姆·索亚历险记》，讲述Tom和Huck目睹Injun Joe等人找到藏钱，并计划藏到“二号十字架下”，第二天两人想去寻找的故事。
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。第一段“were very frightened because they worried about being found”害怕被发现。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。“could see there was much money in it. They were very excited”看到盒子里很多钱。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。“We'll take it to my hideout”要把钱带去藏匿处。故选C。
4. 细节理解题。“But the stairs broke when Injun Joe stood on them”楼梯断了。故选A。
5. 推理判断题。“the two boys remembered the ‘Number two’, thinking this must be the number of the room in the hotel”。故选C。
Ⅷ
【主旨大意】本文是说明文，讲述化学在日常生活中无处不在，涉及日用品、生活常识、食物制作等方面，帮助我们理解世界。
【答案】1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。第二段“we need soap to get the oil out of clothes”肥皂能去油污。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。第三段“bleach can't be mixed with vinegar, because the mixture can produce harmful gas”不能混合。故选C。
3. 段落大意题。第一句“Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation”为本段中心句。故选B。
4. 篇章结构题。①总起；②③④分述生活中的化学；⑤总结。总—分—总。故选A。
5. 主旨大意题。全文讲日常生活中的化学。故选D。
Ⅸ
【主旨大意】本文介绍三项有趣发明：智能书包、天气糖果、日出床，分别解决忘带书、记录天气、叫起床的问题。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。“A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag”。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。“The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed”。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。顺序：lights on → brighter → music on → louder。故选C。
4. 代词指代题。前文“your body that it is morning”it指代your body。故选A。
5. 推理判断题。全文都是发明创造，版面是Amazing inventions。故选C。
Ⅹ
【主旨大意】本文介绍中国年画的起源、发展、衰落原因、制作步骤，并提到接下来会介绍四大主题。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。第二段“Its original form was a picture of a door god”最初是门神画。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。第二段“They wanted something more artistic”对应wanted something full of art。故选A。
3. 段落大意题。第三段讲制作四步骤：produce colorful woodblock New Year paintings。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。年画属于传统文化，出自Culture板块。故选A。
5. 推理判断题。最后一句说有四大主题，下文会介绍主题。故选D。
Ⅺ
【主旨大意】本文节选自《老人与海》，讲述老人连续84天没捕到鱼，男孩被迫离开，但仍关心老人；老人虽年迈落魄，却依然乐观自信、永不放弃。
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。第一段“In the first forty days a boy had been with him”前40天一起。故选A。
2. 代词指代题。前文“I am a boy and I must do what he told me”老人理解男孩必须听父母的话离开。故选B。
3. 细节理解题（排序）
②老人教男孩钓鱼 → ①曾连续捕到大鱼 → ③男孩想再一起钓鱼 → ④男孩帮老人拿工具
故选B。
4. 推理判断题。最后一段“some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad”，一些人为他难过并礼貌关心。故选D。
5. 人物概括题。老人很久没捕到鱼却不气馁、不放弃，依然自信。故选B。
第 2 页 共 2 页中考英语二轮专题：阅读理解
I
An amazing theme park: Happy Valley
Location Gift shop and snack bar
● In Overseas Chinese Town, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province ● Lots of books, T - shirts and toys. ● You will love our ice cream and fresh fruit juice.
Tickets How to get there
● All - day ticket of Happy Valley: ￥180/person ● Night ticket of Happy Valley: ￥60/person Valid (有效的) between 18:30 and 22:00 ● Ticket of Happy Train: ￥40/person ● Tickets of Happy Valley + Happy Train: ￥200/person ● Tickets are free to the people over 70 and under 3. ● By tourist bus No. 1 running between Luohu Railway Station and Happy Valley. ● By bus No. 20, 21, 26, 27, then get off at Window of the World Station and walk for about 3 minutes to Happy Valley. ● By subway Line 1 (running between 06:30 ~ 23:30), get off at the stop of Window of the World Station and leave from Exit A, then walk for about 3 minutes to Happy Valley.
Groups ● School groups are welcome on Tuesdays and Wednesdays. ● The theme park is also available to rent (租用) for birthday parties. ● The park is totally accessible (可到达的) to people with disabilities. ● Visit us on the website to place your order for a group in advance.
( )1. How many kinds of ways to get to the theme park are talked about in the passage
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
( )2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. On Tuesdays and Thursdays school groups are welcome.
B. Birthday parties can be held in the theme park at 23:30.
C. You can get to the park by tourist bus No.21. D. A person in a wheelchair can visit the park.
( )3. How much should a couple with a child under 3 pay for the All - day tickets
A. ￥540 B. ￥360 C. ￥600 D. ￥120
( )4. What cannot be bought in the gift shop and snack bar
A. Books B. T - shirts C. Toys D. Fruits
( )5. Where can we possibly find this kind of information
A. In a story book. B. In a travel brochure (手册).
C. In a language book. D. In a magazine.
Ⅱ
Our Strange Habits
Everyone might have some strange habits they're thinking about changing or managing better, but it's not always easy. To learn more about these habits, we reached out to several classmates for their stories. Here are the results of our interviews.
On weekends, I always look at my phone, even when I don't need to. I think I might miss something if I don't check it. This makes it hard for me to be focused on my homework. It also means I don't talk to my friends and family as much. I know this is not good, so I want to try and stop. Maybe I can look at my phone only at certain times. This might help me pay more attention to what's happening around me.
When I see something new, I always want to take it apart. Once I got a shinny pencil sharpener that looked like a box as a birthday present. I wanted to know what was in the "box", so I started to take it apart. I felt so happy after I saw how it worked in the "box". But sadly, I couldn't put the items back. I even lost some important parts. I made it broken. Sometimes I want to change this because it is a waste of money. But I also think it's important to stay curious (好奇的) about the things around us. Maybe I should be more careful next time.
I like biting on my pencil in class. It seems to make me feel safer. Although I know it is a bad habit, I cannot stop biting. However, I still hope I can be strong enough and change it one day because ▲ . Biting on a pencil can make it more possible for harmful germs to get into the body. It's also an easy way to spread those germs to others, too
I like tidying the room very often. It is really hard work, isn't it To be honest, I am a little bit obsessive(着迷的). I always want my room and things to be neat and clean. I know it may be a waste of time, but everything in order makes me feel so great that I can't help doing that. Sometimes this brings me trouble because I will get annoyed at any mess around me. That's not what I want. So I would like to change this habit.
1. What is Sam's strange habit
A. He always checks his phone.
B. He likes biting on his pencil in class.
C. He always wants to take new things apart.
D. He always wants his room and things to be clean.
2. Why did Peter break his birthday present
A. Because he didn't like this gift.
B. Because there's something wrong with it.
C. Because he wanted to see how it worked.
D. Because it dropped on the floor by mistake.
3. Which of the following should be put in " ▲ " in the passage
A. it's not healthy
B. I know the importance of studying hard
C. breaking it makes my teacher happy
D. I want to feel in control of myself
4. What is the opposite of the underlined word "neat"
A. Focused. B. Messy. C. Harmful. D. Curious.
5. What do the four students' strange habits have in common
A. These habits are done in school.
B. All these habits have bad sides.
C. They all want to stop their habits.
D. They all do these things with others.
Ⅲ
阅读材料,根据其内容回答文后各个小题。
My learning record Unit 2 Let's celebrate! Name: Joyce Self-assessment(自评) 4 3 2 1 Reading ★I know more about festivals in other countries. □ □ □ ★I can find out the main idea of the passage quickly. □ □ □ Listening ★I can listen for useful information in a radio program. □ □ □ Vocabulary(词汇) ★I know the names of festivals and activities. □ □ □ ★I know the relationship between the countries and festivals. □ □ □ Grammar ★I can use someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, no one/nobody, □ □ □ something, anything and nothing correctly. ★I can use Wh-questions correctly. □ □ □
Score: 26 / 28 Peer assessment(同伴评价) Ask your partner to help you assess your speaking and writing skills. Speaking ★I can ask questions about different countries' festivals correctly. □ □ □ ★I can speak loudly and clearly while answering questions. □ □ □ Writing ★I can plan and organize ideas before writing my articles. □ □ □ Score: 9 / 12 Total: 35 / 40 Comments(评语) 30 ~ 40 Well done! You work hard. 21 ~ 29 Good. Keep it up! Below 20 Try harder! Practice makes perfect.
( )1. What can Joyce do while listening
A. Listen for different activities. B. Find out the main idea.
C. Listen for useful information. D. Find out the names of festivals.
( )2. Which should Joyce do better in
A. Speaking. B. Writing. C. Grammar. D. Vocabulary.
( )3. Which of the following comments is for Joyce
A. Good. Keep it up! B. Try harder! C. Practice makes perfect. D. Well done! You work hard.
( )4. What's the main reason the students use "My learning record"
A. To explain why they have passed the exam.
B. To check how much progress they have made.
C. To tell their parents what they've done at school.
D. To know about how they can use the grammar correctly.
( )5. What is Unit 2 probably mainly about
A. Festivals. B. History. C. School life. D. Shopping.
Ⅳ
It's enjoyable to walk along the river on hot summer nights. But have you ever noticed a kind of special insects that can make pretty lights Yes, they are fireflies. They live near ponds, streams, marshes, rivers and lakes, so it should be no surprise to find fireflies around rivers. The lights made by fireflies are probably one of the most magical things to see on a summer night. Have you ever wondered how fireflies make this light
According to National Geographic, fireflies have light organs under their abdomens(腹部). They take in oxygen and combine it with special cells to produce light. Different species have their own unique flash patterns, just like humans have different languages. They use these flash patterns to find other members of their group.
Fireflies mainly use the light to attract mates. The male fireflies fly around while turning their lights on and off, hoping to get the attention of a female firefly. They try to flash very quickly, because the faster males flash, the more attractive they are to females. Young fireflies also use the light to scare away predators.
If you haven't seen many fireflies lately, you are not alone. The number of fireflies may be dropping, most likely due to light pollution, pesticide use, and habitat destruction. Luckily, Chinese scientists recently found three new firefly species in Yunnan. Yunnan might have the right environment for these magical bugs to live in, according to Science and Technology Daily.
阅读以上短文,根据其内容回答下列各个小题。
1. According to the first paragraph, fireflies prefer ______ environment.
A. hot B. dry C. wet D. both A and C
2. Fireflies can make light because they have ______.
A. abdomens B. light organs C. oxygen D. flash patterns
3. Why does a male firefly flash very quickly at a female firefly
A. To catch the female's attention. B. To show his unique flash patterns.
C. To look for food. D. To scare away the female.
4. The underlined phrase "habitat destruction" probably means the process of ______.
A. destroying fireflies' living environment B. protecting fireflies' number
C. killing female fireflies D. helping young fireflies
5. Where is passage probably chosen from
A. A travel guidebook. B. A sports magazine. C. A science magazine. D. A story book.
V
阅读短文,根据其内容回答文后各个小题。
Each of us has dreams and goals for our future. What makes us study and make progress each day is closely connected with our personal dream and goal.
But why do you have dreams and goals, you still end up with nothing What separates successful people from the dreamers is their persistent (锲而不舍的) action. When you learn your lessons in school, you must work hard and not give up. You will often find some of your lessons very hard. Try and keep trying, and you'll be sure to successfully deal with any difficulty you meet with. If we have a hard lesson today, let us try our best to learn it well and then we shall be prepared for a harder one tomorrow.
This is the famous formula(公式) for success:
Dream > Believe > Achieve
Most people have what they want (Dream) and think they can realize their dreams (Believe). And then they do nothing. They just imagine their dreams can come true. When they get tired waiting and lose a lot, they get bored. They say angrily how terrible their life is.
I personally believe that if you really want to achieve your dreams and goals in life, you have to add one thing to your success formula:
Dream > Believe > Act > Achieve
For me, act is the most important thing for success and that's to Take Persistent Action (Act). If you say, "I can't do it" and give up, you can never do anything valuable. However, "I'll try" creates wonders. Let's remember that there will be obstacles in our life. We must face them bravely and solve them. Success is not something that falls down from the sky. Most successful people made their dreams come true because of their persistent action.
Please remember: Action is the bridge that connects our dreams and goals to reality.
( )1. What should you do when you find your lessons very hard
A. Ask people for help. B. Try and keep trying.
C. Get ready to create wonders. D. Prepare for a harder one.
( )2. Which does the writer add to the famous formula
A. Act. B. Achieve. C. Connect. D. Create.
( )3. What does the underlined word "obstacles" mean
A. Dangers. B. Imaginations. C. Wonders. D. Difficulties.
( )4. Why does the writer use the formula "Dream > Believe > Act > Achieve"
A. To support his idea. B. To ask readers to explain it.
C. To show what his goals are. D. To compare it with a bridge.
( )5. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Doing Something Valuable B. Studying Hard and Making Progress
C. Realizing Dreams with Persistent Action D. Separating Successful People from Dreams
Ⅵ
Motion sickness is feeling dizzy (眩晕的) and sick when you're travelling by car, boat, plane or train. Other movement can cause it too. About one in three people are very likely to get motion sickness but almost everyone gets motion sickness if the movement is strong enough. Children between the ages of two and 12 are more likely to feel ill than adults. But no one knows why some people struggle with it their whole lives and others don't.
People get motion sickness because their senses are sending different messages to their brains. In a moving car, for example, your eyes tell your brain you're moving because objects are moving past, but your inner ear (which helps with balance) tells you you're sitting still. This can make you feel ill.
To study the problem, researchers from China chose 30 volunteers who get motion sickness. They divided the volunteers into six groups. Four groups listened to music after a drive that made them feel sick; one group didn't listen to anything and instead focused on calming themselves with meditation for one minute; and the other group's "drive" ended before they started feeling sick.
The results found that joyful music was better at reducing motion sickness symptoms (症状) than anything else. Soft music was a close second, followed by passionate music. However, sad music actually slowed down recovery. Even people who listened to nothing felt better sooner than those who listened to sad music. The researchers think that personalized (个性化的) music play
lists could be the secret to helping people beat motion sickness. It's certainly worth a try.
( )1. Which of the following about motion sickness is True
A. People may feel sick when they get motion sickness.
B. A small number of people never get motion sickness.
C. Children are more likely to get motion sickness than adults.
D. Motion sickness is just caused by car or boat movement.
( )2. Why do people get motion sickness
A. Because your inner ear tells your brain you are moving.
B. Because your eyes tell your brain that you are sitting still.
C. Because your eyes and your inner ear tell you objects are moving past.
D. Because your eyes and your inner ear send different messages to your brain.
( )3. What is the right rank (排序) of different types of music according to the last paragraph
A. soft music > passionate music > joyful music
B. joyful music > soft music > passionate music
C. sad music > soft music > passionate music
D. passionate music > joyful music > sad music
( )4. What does the research want to tell us
A. Listening to nothing can help people reduce motion sickness.
B. Listening to music doesn't help people beat motion sickness.
C. Personalized music is probably the secret to beat motion sickness.
D. Soft music is the best choice for people who get motion sickness.
( )5. In which part of a magazine can you most likely read the passage
A. Sports B. Animals C. Science D. Culture
Ⅶ
阅读短文,根据其内容回答文后各个小题。
The two boys, Tom and Huck, were very frightened because they worried about being found by Injun Joe and his friend. Through the hole in the floor, the two boys upstairs saw the men eat and talk. Then the men were tired and fell asleep. Tom and Huck lay there for a very long time. Finally, the two men woke up and lifted up a stone in the ground and took out some money they had stolen. Then Injun Joe lifted up another stone and found a box.
"What's this " Injun Joe asked.
The two men pulled the box out of the ground and opened it. The two boys, Tom and Huck,
could see there was much money in it. They were very excited.
"There's thousands of dollars in the box!" said his friend.
"It must have been left here by Murrel," said Injun Joe.
"What will we do with it "
"We'll take it to my hideout(隐匿处)."
"Number one or number two "
"Number two, under the cross."
Then Injun Joe and his friend saw some tools in the corner and decided to go upstairs. But the stairs broke when Injun Joe stood on them! So the two men left the house and went towards the river. Tom went home as quickly as he could.
The next day, the two boys remembered the "Number two", thinking this must be the number of the room in the hotel. They got all the keys they could find anywhere. But Tom discovered the door was not locked. He opened it!
—Adapted from The Adventure of Tom Sawyer
( )1. Tom and Huck were very frightened because ______.
A. they worried about being found
B. they stole Injun Joe and his friend's money
C. Injun Joe and his friend were looking for them
D. Injun Joe and his friend wanted to talk to them
( )2. Tom and Huck were very excited after they saw ______.
A. Murrel and Injun Joe B. a box in the ground
C. Injun Joe and his friend D. much money in the box
( )3. What would Injun Joe do with the money
A. He would throw it away.
B. He would hide it in the ground.
C. He would take it to his hideout.
D. He would give it to the two boys.
( )4. What happened when Injun Joe stood on the stairs
A. The stairs broke. B. Another box was found.
C. He fell off the stairs. D. He saw Tom and Huck.
( )5. From the story, we can know ______.
A. Injun Joe and his friend found many works of art in the box
B. Tom followed the men when Injun Joe and his friend left the house
C. Tom thought "Number two" was the number of the room in the hotel
D. Tom opened the door of the room in the hotel with the key that he found
Ⅷ
阅读短文,根据其内容回答文后各个小题。
①Chemistry is everywhere in our daily life. Sometimes it's easy to see. At other times, it can be very hard to see the everyday chemistry at work, but nearly everything you touch has some chemicals(化学物质)in it.
②Chemistry helps to make products for use. Something as simple as toothpaste has at least three chemicals that keep your teeth clean. Other things in your daily life are created by chemistry, such as hair products and soap. Without chemistry, we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes.
③Chemistry also helps us understand the world around us. Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach(漂白剂)can't be mixed with vinegar(醋), because the mixture can produce harmful gas.
④Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change. That is the reason why cooked food often tastes different from uncooked food. Too much or too little of any chemical material makes a difference to the result of baking(烘焙). For example, the cake can be too soft or too hard.
⑤Chemistry isn't something that just lives in a laboratory; it's something that you meet hundreds of times in life. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the life.
( )1. What can the chemistry in soap help us
A. To clean the teeth. B. To make the teeth strong.
C. To clean the oil off clothes. D. To make the clothes new.
( )2. From the third paragraph, we know that.
A. we can mix bleach with vinegar B. the mixture can produce useful gas
C. we can't mix bleach with vinegar D. chemistry can't help us make products
( )3. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that.
A. cooked food is much better than uncooked food
B. chemistry plays a big role in food preparation
C. there are no chemical changes while we are cooking
D. the cake can't be too soft or too hard with chemistry
( )4. Which of the following shows the structure(结构)of the passage (①=Paragraph 1)
A. B. C. D.
( )5. What's the main idea of the passage
A. Chemistry and food. B. Chemistry around the world.
C. Chemistry and products. D. Chemistry in everyday life.
IX
Jane, a reporter, is collecting information for the local newspaper. She is interested in the following things introduced in a magazine.
Smart Schoolbag
Forget to pack the books you need into your schoolbag in the morning rush
A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag. It tells you which books to pack. A small computer and a scanner(扫描装置)are fixed in the bag. As each book is put into the bag, it is checked by the scanner. If any book is missing, a message will be shown on the computer screen to remind you.
Weather Sweets
Can you eat weather
A university makes that happen. It uses a 3D printer to create sweets based on the weather information of a certain day. The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed. The colors of the sweets are decided by temperature. The sweets act as a weather record of the day when they are made.
Sunrise Bed
It's hard for you to get up in the morning, isn't it
To help you get up, a company has created a "tool"—a sunrise bed. It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does. Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter. When the lights are fully on, soft music will begin to play. It will be louder and louder until you turn it off. The company explains, "The gentle light tells your body that it is morning, so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep."
( )1. The smart schoolbag has been invented by ______.
A. a reporter B. a schoolboy C. a university D. a company
( )2. ______ affect(s) the shapes of the weather sweets.
A. Colors B. Wind speed C. Temperature D. 3D printers
( )3. Which of the following shows how a sunrise bed wakes you up
A. lights on → music on → lights brighter → music louder
B. music on → music louder → lights on → lights brighter
C. lights on → lights brighter → music on → music louder
D. music on → lights on → music louder → lights brighter
( )4. What does the underlined word "it" in Sunrise Bed refer to
A. Your body. B. The bed. C. The light. D. Your room.
( )5. In which section of the magazine has Jane most probably found the information
A. Wonderful food. B. Future schools. C. Amazing inventions. D. Modern furniture.
X
Chinese New Year Painting, or nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional paintings to be put up on walls and windows during the Spring Festival. Its bright colors and different subjects show the Chinese great expectation for happiness and wealth.
Chinese New Year Painting is an old handicraft. Its original(最初的)form was a picture of a door god during the Tang Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies were included. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. It covers all kinds of themes and forms. They reflect people's everyday life.
As time went by, people found New Year paintings old - fashioned. Besides, they considered the door god too scary to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. So in the middle of the 1980s, the sales of New Year paintings dropped greatly. Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps. Firstly, artists draw a simple sketch(素描)on the paper. Secondly, they make the simple sketch on the wood board and print a few samples(样品). Thirdly, they add color to the sample. Lastly, when the preparation is finished, the printers paint color on the color board, and then put paper on the wood board and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready.
There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year Paintings.
( )1. Which is the first form of Chinese New Year Painting
A. A picture of babies. B. A picture of a door god.
C. A picture of women. D. A picture of the Kitchen God.
( )2. Why did fewer and fewer people buy Chinese New Year paintings in the middle of the
1980s Because people ______.
A. wanted something that was full of art
B. found New Year paintings unimportant
C. thought the door god couldn't bring good luck
D. found it hard to produce New Year paintings
( )3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. How artists add color to the sample.
B. What woodblock New Year paintings reflect.
C. How artists produce colorful woodblock New Year paintings.
D. Who makes the simple sketch on the wood board and the paper.
( )4. In which part of a magazine can you read this text
A. Culture. B. Nature. C. Education. D. Health.
( )5. What will the writer probably write next
A. The history of Chinese New Year Painting.
B. The development of Chinese New Year Painting.
C. The process of creating Chinese New Year Painting.
D. The introduction to main themes of Chinese New Year Painting.
XI
He was an old man who fished alone in a boat and he had gone eighty - four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now exactly and finally salao, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week.
It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty and he always went down to help him carry fishing tools.
The old man was thin with deep wrinkles(皱纹)in the back of his neck. His hands had the deep scars(疤)from dealing with heavy fish. But none of these scars were fresh.
Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and full of confidence.
"Santiago," the boy said to him as they climbed from the bank where the boat was pulled up. "I could go with you again. We've made some money."
The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. "No." the old man said. "You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them."
"But remember how you went eighty - seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks."
"I remember," the old man said. "I know you did not leave me willingly."
"It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me to."
"I know." the old man said. "I quite understand that."
"He hasn't much faith(信念)."
"No." the old man said. "But we have. Haven't we "
"Yes." the boy said. "Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we'll take the fishing tools home."
"Why not " the old man said. "Between fishermen."
They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry. Some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad. But they didn't show it and they spoke politely about the sea, the weather and of what they had seen.
( )1. How many days did the old man go fishing with the boy according to Paragraph 1
A. Forty. B. Forty - four. C. Eighty - four. D. Eighty - seven.
( )2. What does the underlined word "that" refer to
A. The boy would leave him sooner or later.
B. The boy had to listen to his parents and left him.
C. He couldn't catch fish because he was too old.
D. He couldn't succeed without the boy's support.
( )3. What is the right order of the story about the boy in the passage
①The old man caught some big fish with the boy.
②The old man taught the boy how to fish on the sea.
③The boy wanted to go fishing with the old man again.
④The boy helped the old man take the fishing tools home.
A. ①④③② B. ②①③④ C. ②③④① D. ③④①②
( )4. What can we learn from the last paragraph of the story
A. The old man liked to make fun of other fishermen.
B. The old man often provided beer for other fishermen.
C. All fishermen laughed at the old man except the boy.
D. Some fishermen felt sad for the old man and tried to help him.
( )5. From the story we can know that the old man was ______.
A. a man who often showed off B. a man who never gave up
C. a man who sometimes got angry D. a man who seldom stayed calm
页命题原则
一、总体命题导向
紧扣课标与考情：严格遵循《义务教育英语课程标准（2022 年版）》，贴合甘肃省中考省卷历年真题规律，不超纲、不偏题，兼顾基础考查与能力选拔，适配甘肃本地学生英语水平。
立德树人导向：素材融入家国情怀、体育健康、传统文化、生态保护、乡村振兴、中外友好等正向主题，传递积极价值观，贴合青少年认知。
地域特色适配：适度融入丝路文化、敦煌文化、黄河生态、西北民俗、甘肃本地文体赛事等元素，增强试题的地域适配性与亲切感。
二、选材与体裁规范
（一）实际篇目与体裁分布（贴合 2023-2025 年省卷真题）
甘肃省卷阅读理解固定为 3 篇传统阅读 + 1 篇任务型阅读，无 “D 篇” 设置，具体如下：
A 篇：应用文（通知、海报、时刻表、菜单、活动公告、表格信息类），篇幅最短（150-200 词），语言直白，侧重信息提取。
B 篇：记叙文 / 人物故事（励志成长、校园生活、好人好事、体育赛事、人物传记），篇幅中等（250-300 词），情节清晰，侧重细节与情感理解。
C 篇：说明文 / 科普文（自然科普、生活常识、运动健康、科技应用、文化介绍），篇幅稍长（300-350 词），逻辑清晰，侧重信息整合与主旨把握。
（二）语言难度控制
词汇：以中考 1600 核心词汇为主，仅允许出现课标拓展词或专有名词（人名、地名、运动名等），且需通过语境辅助理解，杜绝生僻难词。
句式：以简单句、并列句为主，少量考查宾语从句、状语从句，避免复杂定语从句嵌套，长难句拆分合理，降低阅读障碍。
篇幅梯度：严格遵循 “A 篇最短→B 篇中等→C 篇稍长” 的梯度，符合学生阅读耐力，避免因篇幅过长影响答题效率。
三、题型与考点设置原则
（一）题型占比（贴合省卷高频考法）
题型 占比 考查重点
细节理解题 ≥60% 定位原文信息、同义替换、细节比对，保障基础得分
推理判断题 20% 基于原文信息合理推断，避免主观臆断
主旨大意 / 标题归纳题 10% 把握文章核心、概括段落或全文主旨
词义猜测题 10% 结合上下文推断生词含义，侧重语境理解
（二）选项设计规范
正确选项：必须 100% 源于原文，可通过直接定位或同义改写得出，无主观臆断内容。
干扰项设计：设置 “偷换概念、无中生有、扩大范围、细节错位、因果颠倒” 等经典陷阱，贴合省卷出题逻辑，避免模棱两可。
答案唯一性：每题仅有一个正确答案，选项表述清晰，无歧义。
四、考点与能力考查
核心能力：重点考查信息定位、细节抓取、句意理解、逻辑分析、语境猜词、主旨概括等阅读理解核心能力，不深挖复杂语法或小众文化冷知识。
难度梯度：
基础题：直接定位原文，保障中等生得分；
中档题：同义替换、细节比对，考查信息筛选能力；
拔高题：主旨概括、推理判断，用于区分优生，难题占比不超过 20%。
真题例析
（2025·兰州卷）
Surfing is a kind of water sport. Surfers use a surfboard to catch and ride the breaking waves.
Surfing originated (起源) in the Polynesian islands of the Pacific Ocean as well as West Africa and Peru. When Polynesians first went and lived in Hawaii about 1200 AD, they brought their love of surfing with them. Surfing was more than a sport to the early Hawaiians. It was an important part of their culture.
Hawaiians carved (雕刻) surfboards from the wood of special trees. The first boards were about 3 to 7 meters long and weighed more than 50 kilos. After World War II, plastic foam (泡沫) board appeared and the shape improved. Today’s surfboard is about 1.5 to 2.7 meters long and 11 to 26 kilos. It is light and flat, and a tail fin is fixed downside. Surfboards come in many different styles, including shortboards, longboards, and funboards.
Surfing was brought to the Western world in the early 20th century. In recent years, surfing has become popular among Chinese young sport lovers. China set up its national surfing team in 2018. In March 2024, a 15-year-old girl called Yang Siqi, from Sichuan Province, became China’s first Olympic surfer.
Surfing is not only about riding waves but about connecting with the ocean and having fun. It’s a sport that combines physical strength, balance and a love for the water. So, if you ever get the chance, give it a try!
1. Surfing started in ________.
①Peru ②West Africa ③the Polynesian islands of the Pacific Ocean
A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．①②③
2. The first boards are ________ and ________ than today’s.
A．longer, wider B．wider; heavier
C．longer, heavier D．thicker, longer
3. What is true about paragraph 4
A．Chinese are all interested in surfing now.
B．China has set up its national surfing team for 10 years.
C．Surfing didn’t become popular in Western world until the 19th century.
D．Yang Siqi was 15 years old when she became China’s first Olympic surfer.
4. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
A． B． C． D．
5. Who is the text mainly written for
A．Art lovers. B．Sports lovers.
C．Cooking lovers. D．Book lovers.
答案解析
【主旨大意】
本文主要介绍了冲浪运动的起源、历史演变、冲浪板的改进以及冲浪在中国的普及情况等。
解析：【1】细节理解题。根据 “Surfing originated (起源) in the Polynesian islands of the Pacific Ocean as well as West Africa and Peru.” 可知，冲浪起源于太平洋的波利尼西亚群岛，以及西非和秘鲁。故选 D。
【2】细节理解题。根据 “The first boards were about 3 to 7 meters long and weighed more than 50 kilos.” 和 “Today’s surfboard is about 1.5 to 2.7 meters long and 11 to 26 kilos.” 可知，最初的冲浪板更长且更重。故选 C。
【3】细节理解题。根据 “In March 2024, a 15-year-old girl called Yang Siqi, from Sichuan Province, became China’s first Olympic surfer.” 可知，杨思琪 15 岁时成为首位奥运冲浪选手。故选 D。
【4】篇章结构题。①段为冲浪的简要介绍；②③④段分别介绍起源、冲浪板演变及中国的冲浪发展；⑤段总结冲浪的意义。图 A 与之相符，故选 A。
【5】推理判断题。全文围绕冲浪运动展开，目标读者应为运动爱好者。故选 B。
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