资源简介

(共57张PPT)
第二部分 语法专题突破
专题七 形容词和副词
知识结构图解
中考命题点聚焦
同步跟踪训练
知识结构图解
中考命题点聚焦
命题点1 形容词的基本用法
1.形容词的定义
说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词或复合不定代词
的词叫形容词。#2
2.形容词的用法#3
功能 位置 例句
作前置 定语 位于名词前 This is an
interestingbook.
作后置 定语 形容词修饰复合不定代词时通常后置 I have something
importantto tell you.
功能 位置 例句
作表语 位于系动词后，系动词主要有be动 词、三变化（turn, get, become）、五 感官（feel, sound, look, smell, taste）以及keep, stay, go, seem等 This book is interesting.
Most leaves turn
yellowin autumn.
You look very happy.
作宾语 补足语 常置于keep,make, leave 等动词之 后，说明宾语的性质、状态和特征 We should keep our
classroom clean.
续表
【注意】
the+形容词，表示一类人或一类事物。
如:We should help the blind cross the street.#7
3.常考形容词和形容词短语
事物描述类
awful 令人讨厌的（2022省卷）
bad 坏的 bright 明亮的
broken 破损的 complete 完整的
correct 正确的 changeable 多变的（2024兰州）
dangerous 危险的（2024省卷）
delicious 美味的 comfortable 舒服的#15
common 常见的；普遍的 convenient 方便的
crowded 拥挤的 deep 深的；厚的
dry 干的 different 不同的
difficult 困难的 dirty 肮脏的
easy 容易的 empty 空的
expensive 昂贵的 fair 公平的
great 极大的；伟大的（2025兰州）#22
hard 坚硬的；艰难的；难懂的
heavy 重的；大量的（2025省卷）
important 重要的（2025省卷）
impossible 不可能的 interesting 有趣的
local 本地的; 当地的 lucky 幸运的
necessary 必要的 normal 正常的
perfect 完美的 personal 个人的
ready 准备好的 real 真实的#30
right 正确的 safe 安全的（2025兰州）
silent 安静的 similar 相似的
smooth 光滑的；顺利的 special 特别的
strange 奇怪的 terrible 糟糕的
true 真实的 wild 野生的
simple 简单的
strong 强壮的；坚固的（2023兰州）
useful 有用的（2024兰州）#38
人物情绪、情感或状态类
absent 缺席；不在 afraid 害怕，畏惧
alone 单独 angry 愤怒的
asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的
busy 忙碌的 crazy/mad 疯狂的
excited 激动的（2025省卷；2022省卷）
famous 著名的 fantastic 极好的
happy 高兴的（2023兰州）#46
healthy 健康的 hungry 饥饿的（2025兰州）
hurt 受伤的 lazy 懒惰的
lonely 孤独的 lost 迷路的；丢失的
nervous 紧张的 proud 骄傲的
popular 受欢迎的
surprised 惊讶的（2023省卷）
worried 担忧的#53
人物性格类
active 积极的 brave 勇敢的
calm 冷静的 careful 小心的；谨慎的
careless 粗心的 clever 聪明的
creative 有创造力的 excellent 极好的；优秀的
fool 傻的；愚蠢的 friendly 友好的（2025省卷）#59
funny 滑稽的 helpful 乐于助人的
patient 有耐心的 polite 有礼貌的
positive 积极乐观的 serious 严肃的
honest 诚实的 silly 愚蠢的（2023省卷）
strict 严格的 quiet 安静的#64
常考形容词短语
be crazy about 对……着迷
be worried about 担心……
be angry with 生……的气
be curious about 对……感到好奇
be good at 擅长
be surprised at 对……感到惊讶#71
be interested in 对……感兴趣（2024兰州）
be good for 对……有好处
be late for 迟到
be famous for 因……而出名
be sorry for 对……感到抱歉
be ready for 为……做好准备（2021省卷）
be responsible for 对……负责
be friendly to 对……友好#79
be close to 靠近；接近
be grateful to 对……感激
be harmful to 对……有害
be afraid of 害怕（2023省卷）
be proud of 为……而骄傲（2021省卷）
be full of 充满
be tired of 厌烦#86
be short of 短缺
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
be busy with 忙于……
be strict with 对……要求严格
be popular with 受……欢迎
be patient with 对……有耐心#92
活学现用
Smokey Bear is a made-up character. Firefighters use Smokey to tell
about the danger of forest fires. They want people to be . .1. . in the
woods. Smokey says，“Only you can prevent forest fires.” Smokey tells
people to be . .2. . in the woods. He says to a ranger（护林员） if you
smell smoke or see fire，get away from the fire. .3. ..Heavy smoke can
make it . .4. . to breathe. Forest fires give off so much heat that plants
can die. It is too hot for them to grow.
1.( ) A.relaxed B.safe C.healthy D.excited
B
2.( ) A.careful B.worried C.nervous D.crazy
A
3.( ) A.quietly B.completely C.quickly D.easily
C
4.( ) A.hard B.normal C.impossible D.strange
A
命题点2 副词的基本用法
1.副词的分类#1
类型 例词及用法
时间副词 now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago, soon,
recently（2024省卷）等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标
志。
地点副词 outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in,
back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时其前不加
介词。
类型 例词及用法
方式副词 sadly（2024省卷），quickly, happily（2025兰州）, carefully
（2025兰州；2024兰州）, loudly, suddenly, luckily, wisely
（2024兰州）, badly, easily（2023兰州）, fast, slowly
（2025省卷；2024省卷），bravely（2025兰州）等。方式副
词大多由“形容词+-ly”构成。
程度副词 very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。
续表
类型 例词及用法
频度副词 sometimes（2023省卷）, often, always, usually, hardly
（2022省卷）, never等。
疑问副词 （组） when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often,
how far等。疑问副词（组）常用来构成特殊疑问句。
关系副词 when, where, why等。关系副词常用来引导从句。
续表
2.副词的位置
（1）地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句末。（有时为了强调时
间,可把时间副词放在句首。）
如：I'll meet him at the station tomorrow.
（2）频度副词一般在be动词、情态动词以及第一个助动词之后，实义动
词之前。
如：She is always kind to us.
3.副词的用法
（1）作状语
如：He works hard.（修饰动词）
He parked the car very easily.（修饰副词）
Unfortunately, he was out.（修饰整个句子）
（2）作定语
如：The clouds above began to get thicker.
My friend here will show you the way.
（3）作表语
作表语的副词多数是表示位置或状态的,如:back, down, up, off, away,
upstairs等。
如：He will be back in two days.
（4）作宾语补足语
如：An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
形容 词变 副词 规则 示例
直接在词尾加-ly loud→loudly
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变i加-ly heavy→heavily
以元音字母+e结尾的词，去e加-ly true→truly
以辅音字母+e结尾的词，直接加-ly polite→politely
以元音字母+le结尾的词，直接加-ly sole→solely
以辅音字母+le结尾的词，e变y comfortable→comfortably
活学现用
5.We should speak ________ （polite） when we talk to the elders.
6.Many kinds of fishes are swimming _______ （slow） and freely in
the pool.
7.Let me repeat _______ （exact）what he just said.
8.It's necessary for teenagers to learn how to spend their pocket money
_______（wise）.
politely
slowly
exactly
wisely
命题点3 形容词和副词的比较等级
1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化规则
（1）规则变化#1.1
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
直接在词尾加-er, - est young younger youngest
tall taller tallest
以不发音的字母e结 尾的加-r, -st nice nicer nicest
large larger largest
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
以重读闭音节结尾, 且末尾只有一个辅 音字母,则双写这一 辅音字母,再加-er, - est big bigger biggest
fat fatter fattest
hot hotter hottest
续表
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
辅音字母加y结尾,变 y为i,再加-er, -est happy happier happiest
easy easier easiest
early earlier earliest
有些双音节词和多 音节词,在词前加 more, most important moreimportant mostimportant
careful morecareful mostcareful
interesting moreinteresting mostinteresting
续表
（2）不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good／well better best
ill／bad／badly worse worst
many／much more most
little less least
far farther／further farthest／furthest
2.形容词和副词的比较等级的用法
（1）原级的用法
结构 意义
A+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A和B一样……
A+谓语动词+not/so as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A不如B……
如：He runs as fast as Jim.
She is not so/as tall as her sister.
（2）比较级的用法#2.2
结构 意义
A+谓语动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+B （2025兰州；2024省卷；2023省卷） A比B……
a little/a bit/a lot/much/far/even+形容词/副词比较 级（2021兰州A卷） 表示比较的程度
Which/Who+谓语动词+形容词/副词比较级， A or B A和B哪一个更……
结构 意义
A+谓语动词+倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+B A是B的……倍
the+比较级+of the two 两者中比较……的
一个
比较级+and+比较级 越来越……
the+比较级， the+比较级（2025省卷） 越……，就越……
续表
如：Mary's bedroom is smaller than mine.
It is much colder today than yesterday.
Your school is three times bigger than his.
The more stress you are under, the more likely you are to catch a cold.#2.2.5
（3）最高级的用法#2.3
结构 意义
主语+谓语动词+the+形容词/副词最高级+ （单数名词）+in/of/among短语（2023兰州；2022省 卷；2020省卷） ……是……中
最……的
主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词 +in/of/among短语 ……是……中
最……之一
结构 意义
Which/Who +谓语动词+the+最高级， A, B, or C A、B、C中哪一个
最……
the+序数词+最高级+名词 第几最……
如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
He is one of the most popular writers.
Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Lanzhou #2.3.4
续表
活学现用
9.—Did you see the volleyball match yesterday
—Yes! It's fantastic! I think it is ___ game that I have seen.
D
A.more boring B.the most boring
C.more exciting D.the most exciting
10.（2024定西模拟）____ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will
make.
A.The more; the fewer B.The more; the less
C.The less; the fewer D.The more; the more
A
11.（2025陇南模拟）I think Wuyi Theater is the best theater in our city
because it has ___ sound.
C
A.good B.better C.the best D.well
12.During the school sports meeting, Joe jumped the _______ （high）
in the class.
13.Our parents hope to provide a more comfortable and ______（rich）
life for us.
highest
richer
14.The shadow is getting ______ （low） and lower.
15.The Great Wall is one of the greatest _________ （wonder） in the
world.
16.The Yellow River is the _______ （two） longest river.
17.This morning, Frank got up _______ （early） than usual.
lower
wonders
second
earlier
命题点4 形容词和副词的变形总结
1.形容词原形#1
用法 示例
①位于系动词后作表语（2025省卷； 2023省卷；2021省卷；2021兰州） Lucy is outgoing.
②位于名词前作定语（2022省卷； 2021省卷） Tina has a lovelydog.
用法 示例
③位于复合不定代词后作定语 Something strangehappened to
me yesterday.
④位于make, keep, leave等词后作宾补 Listening to music makes me
relaxed.
⑤在固定句型中，如“主语+谓语动词 +as+adj.+as…”“it's+adj.+to do sth.” （2021省卷；2019省卷） Tom is as tallas Sam.
续表
2.副词原形
用法 示例
①修饰动词（2025兰州；2024省卷； 2023省卷） You don't have to run fast.
②修饰形容词（2022兰州；2019兰州） The boy was badlyill in
hospital.
③修饰整个句子（2025省卷） Luckily, no one was hurt in
the accident.
3.形容词/副词原形变比较级
用法 示例
①有标志词than（2023省卷；2021兰 州） I'm shorterthan Tim.
②含标志词much, even, a lot, a little 等（2020省卷） She is much betternow.
③根据上下文语境判断（2020省卷） Getting angry makes things
worse.
用法 示例
④在固定句型中，如“the+比较级, the+比较级”等（2025省卷） The harderyou work, the greater
progress you will make.
⑤比较级+and+比较级（2018兰州） Our life is becoming betterand
better.
续表
4.形容词/副词原形变最高级
用法 示例
①含标志词of, all, among, in the world等 （2023兰州） It's the biggestcomputer
company in the world.
②根据上下文语境判断（2018省卷） In my opinion, the
Internet is the most
useful invention.
用法 示例
③在固定句型中，如“one of + the + 形容词 最高级+可数名词复数”（2020兰州；2018兰 州） He is one of the most
famousmusicians in
China.
续表
5.形容词/副词变反义词
用法 示例
①根据上下文语境判断 （2019兰州） It's impoliteto talk loudly in the library.
②根据but, however, or等表示 转折的连词判断 Everyone thinks he is honest, but in
fact, he is a dishonestboy.
活学现用
18.I think of all the teachers in our school, Miss White works
_______________（hard）.
19.Summer is coming and the temperature is becoming _______ （high）
than before.
20.It's known to us that home is ____________ （warm） place no
matter where we go.
（the） hardest
higher
the warmest
同步跟踪训练
真题回顾
1.（2025 省卷）City life is full of opportunities. Country life, however,
is ___ and more peaceful.
B
A.dearer B.quieter C.busier D.colder
2.（2024省卷） ___ but surely we're making progress. Every small step
forward brings us closer to our dream.
C
A.Happily B.Carefully C.Slowly D.Lively
3.（2024省卷）The road is very ___ after the heavy rain. Drivers are
warned to drive carefully to avoid accidents.
B
A.empty B.dangerous C.beautiful D.dirty
4.（2024临夏州）—Lisa, would you like to come to my birthday party
next Saturday
—I'd love to, but I'm not ___. I'm busy preparing for the test.
A
A.available B.enjoyable C.believable D.comfortable
5.（2024临夏州）Qomolangma is ___ mountain in the world.
D
A.high B.higher C.highest D.the highest
6.（2025 省卷）The more we communicate with our parents, the ______
（good） we'll understand each other.
7.（2024省卷）Actions speak _______ （loud） than words.
8.（2024省卷）We received a letter from him ________ （recent）.
better
louder
recently
基础巩固
Ⅰ.语法与情景对话
1.（2025白银模拟）Gina is not as ____ as David, but she works
________ than him.
A.smart; hard B.smart; harder C.smarter; hard D.smarter; harder
B
2.Emily is a kind girl. She is ___ ready to help people in need.
D
A.sometimes B.never C.hardly D.always
3.The old man lives ____ but he doesn't feel ________.
A.lonely; alone B.alone; alone C.alone; lonely D.lonely; lonely
C
4.—Tim is an excellent boy. Everyone likes him.
—Yes, his grandparents are very ___ of him.
A
A.proud B.funny C.excited D.afraid
5.The summer vacation is coming. Don't swim in the lake, ___ when
you are alone.
C
A.probably B.properly C.especially D.quickly
Ⅱ.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.The Great Wall is the _______（long） wall in the world.
2.After a period of physical training, he becomes ________ （strong）
than ever.
3.Young children need to sleep at _____（little） nine hours every night.
Enough sleep is very important.
4.He became very __________ （succeed） as a writer.
5.Mr. Li has a loud voice, so the students can hear him _______
（clear）.
longest
stronger
least
successful
clearly

展开更多......

收起↑