资源简介 Unit 5 First Aid1. ease vi.& vt.(使)宽慰;减轻;缓解 n.容易;舒适;自在·with ease容易地;不费力地at ease舒适;悠闲;自在put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在·ease sb of…减轻某人的……2. delay vi.& vt.推迟;延期(做某事) vt. 耽误;耽搁 n.延误;耽搁(的时间);推迟·delay (doing) sth推迟(做)某事·without delay立刻;马上3. panic vi.& vt.(panicked;panicked;panicking)(使)惊慌 n.惊恐;恐慌·panic sb into doing sth使某人仓皇行事·get into a panic陷入恐慌in panic惊慌失措地;处在恐慌中4. desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的(desperately adv.绝望地;拼命地;极其 desperation n.绝望;拼命;铤而走险)·be desperate for sth 渴望某物be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事·in desperation 绝望地5. help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来rise to one’s feet站起来;起身jump to one’s feet跳起来drag one’s feet拖着脚走;故意拖延stamp one’s feet跺脚set foot on/in 踏上;进入6. face up/down面朝上(朝下)be faced with sth=face sth 面临in the face of面对lose face丢面子/丢脸make a face (at sb)(对某人)做鬼脸;皱眉头;做苦相face to face面对面7. out of shape健康状况不好;变形in good/bad shape健康状况良好/不佳keep/be in shape保持健康in the shape of以……的形状/形式take shape成形be shaped like形状像……as引导的非限制性定语从句 As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.正如你能想象的,被灼伤可能会导致非常严重的损伤。·as引导非限制性定语从句时,常在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,从句可置于句首、句中或句末。·as引导定语从句的常用句式:as is known to us all/as we all know众所周知as we can see正如我们所看到的as (is) reported据报道as is often the case这是常有的事as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的观察下面的句子,并感知动词-ing形式的用法。1. Putting butter or oil on burns helps because it may reduce swelling and ease discomfort.2. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.3. You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth.4. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes.5. If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services.6. Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive.1. 动词-ing形式的时态、语态和意义语态时态 主动式 被动式一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done(1)动词-ing形式的一般式多表示一般情况,其所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;其完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometres.(一般式)尽管David没跑几千米就被绊倒了,但是他坚持奔跑,仿佛已经忘记了自己所有的弱点。Having understood this, I took a deep breath and sat back into my seat, pretending I was really on a roller coaster.(完成式)明白了这一点后,我深吸一口气,坐回座位,假装自己真的坐在过山车上。(2)动词-ing形式的主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者,其被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。Hearing (主动式) my words, he nodded his head, looking (主动式) reborn with being trusted (被动式).听到我的话,他点了点头,看起来因为得到了信任而重获新生。动词-ing形式的否定式是在前面加not构成的。It felt amazing not having to hide away behind my scarf.不用躲在我的围巾后面的感觉很神奇。2. 动词-ing形式的句法功能(1)动词-ing形式作主语此时多表示一般或抽象的重复多次的行为。有时用it作形式主语,动名词放在句末,常见句型:It is a waste of time doing…、It is no use/useless/no good doing…。Reading English books and visiting English learning sites prove to be the less popular ways, accounting for 18% and 12% respectively.阅读英文书籍和访问英文学习网站被证明是不太受欢迎的方式,分别占18%和12%。It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。单个的动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.善于倾听也需要全神贯注于他人。Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.(2021·北京卷)不受影响本身并不是一种比其他一切都值得重视的特征。(2)动词-ing形式作宾语①作动词的宾语常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆:避免错过少延期(avoid、miss、postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest、finish、practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy、imagine、can’t help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit、deny、envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape、risk、excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand、keep、mind)But that’s not a reason to avoid teaching what is important.但这并不是避免教授重要内容的理由。However, when I had to go back because I stupidly forgot my books, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself.然而,当我因为愚蠢地忘了带书而不得不回去时,我注意到她刚刚自己把书打包好。The moral of the original story is that a wicked person cannot escape being punished.原著故事的寓意是,坏人无法逃脱惩罚。a.下列动词(短语)既可以接动名词形式作宾语,也可以接动词不定式形式作宾语,但意义上有区别:forgetstoprememberregrettrymeango oncan’t helpb.remember/forget/regret 后跟doing和having done所表示的意思并无差别。c. regret 后跟动词不定式时,往往表示对将要说的话(或做的事)表示遗憾,故其后常接 to say/tell/inform 等。Don’t forget to post the letter on your way to school.别忘了在上学的路上顺便把这封信寄出去。I shall never forget hearing her singing the song.我永远都不会忘记听她唱这首歌时的情景。②作动词短语的宾语常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语:devote to、feel like、look forward to、insist on、think of、dream of、object to、be engaged in、depend on、aim at、set about、be/get used to、be fond of、be afraid of、be tired of、succeed in、be interested in等。The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.唯一令人惊讶的是,如此多的州坚持对这一信息置若罔闻。He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.(2021·浙江6月卷)他记录了自己的旅程,并开始将大自然作为一个品牌推广给年轻人。③作介词(but、except除外)的宾语It goes without saying that all students will benefit much from our favourite foreign teacher.不用说,所有的学生都会从我们最喜欢的外教那里受益匪浅。Today’s children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.(2021·浙江6月卷)如今的儿童平均每天花四个半小时看屏幕,其中包括看电视和使用互联网。All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting involved.所有参与者都从参与中获得了积极的结果。动名词的复合结构:结构 功能名词的’s所有格/形容词性物主代词+doing 作主语、宾语名词/人称代词宾格+doing 作宾语I really appreciate your/you coming over to help me with my math.(作宾语)我真的很感谢你过来帮我补习数学。Tom’s/His coming home late worries his mother.(作主语)Tom/他回家晚使他妈妈担心。(3)动词-ing形式作表语①动词-ing形式作表语,表示抽象概念的动作,这种动作未必正在进行。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。②动词-ing形式作表语,表示主语的性质或特征,意为“令人……的”。The argument is very convincing.这个论点很令人信服。Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。(4)动词-ing形式作定语①动词-ing形式作前置定语,表示用途或性质。单个的动词-ing形式作前置定语往往有形容词的性质。There is a baby sleeping in the sleeping car.有一个婴儿睡在卧铺车厢里。I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.(单个的动词-ing形式作前置定语,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)我看着David和其他赛跑运动员一起向起跑线前进。②动词-ing形式短语作后置定语,往往表示正在发生或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作,其作用相当于一个定语从句。There is a small river flowing through the farm.(动词-ing形式短语作后置定语)有一条小河流过农场。动词-ing形式、过去分词和动词不定式作定语的区别:The building being built now is our new school.(表被动、进行)在建的大楼是我们的新学校。The building built three years ago is in ruins.(表被动、完成)三年前建的那座大楼已成废墟。The building to be built next year will be very beautiful.(表被动、将来)明年要建的那座大楼将会非常漂亮。(5)动词-ing形式作状语此时分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致,且分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。作状语时,动词-ing形式可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等,并可以转换成相应的状语从句。Seeing his figure disappearing into thick evergreen forest, I felt relieved.(时间状语)看到他的身影消失在茂密的常绿森林中,我感到如释重负。Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon, I’m eagerly writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.(原因状语)得知您即将前往美国,我急切地写信,对您给予的帮助向您表示衷心的感谢。Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.(原因状语)因为不知道如何解出这道物理难题,他求助于老师。Working hard, you’ll succeed.(条件状语)如果你努力工作,你会成功的。He looked at me with firm eyes, showing his usual big smile.(伴随状语)他用坚定的目光看着我,露出他一贯的笑容。有些惯用的动词-ing形式在句中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,作评注性状语,表明说话者的态度、观点等,常见的有generally speaking 一般来说strictly speaking 严格来说frankly/honestly speaking坦白地/老实地说judging from/by… 根据……判断considering… 考虑到……seeing… 因为;由于……Generally speaking, doctors are held in high regard in most countries.一般来说,在大部分国家医生都深受人们的尊重。Honestly speaking, it’s so nice of you to offer me a class of practical learning skills.说实话,你能给我上一堂实用的学习技能课真是太好了。(6)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语①此时宾语往往是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作。At that moment, I saw a brave butterfly flying in the sky.那一刻,我看见一只勇敢的蝴蝶在天空中飞舞。②当转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.如果一名厨师被发现在厨房吸烟,他会被立即开除。③能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)及with复合结构:a. 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词,常见的有see、hear、feel、smell、find、notice、observe、look at、listen to等。I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed live is quite another.在家里听音乐是一回事,去现场听人演奏音乐完全又是另一回事。b. 表示指使意义的使役动词,常见的有have、make、get、set、keep、leave等。We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I won’t have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。see、hear、feel、watch等感官动词之后用动词-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别:前者强调动作正在进行,后者强调动作的全过程(动词不定式在主动句中可省略to,在被动句中需保留to)。Not until then did I hear my stomach rumbling.(动词-ing形式作宾补,表示动作正在进行)直到那时我才听到肚子咕咕叫。At 15:40 on 9th December 2021, we were organised to watch three Chinese astronauts deliver a science lesson from Tiangong space station.(动词不定式作宾补,表示动作全过程;在主动句中省略to)→At 15:40 on 9th December 2021, three Chinese astronauts were watched to deliver a science lesson from Tiangong space station.(watch用于被动语态,需保留to,动词不定式作主语补足语)2021年12月9日15时40分,我们观看了三名中国航天员在“天宫”空间站内讲授的科学课。c. 用于with复合结构中Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes.听到我的话,David颤抖地转向我,泪水从他的眼中溢出。3. 解题技巧“三部曲”归纳(1)先判断动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是否与句子主语一致;(2)再判断动词-ing形式与句子主语的主动、被动关系;(3)最后判断动词-ing形式的动作与句子谓语动词所表示的动作发生的先后顺序。4. 解题原则原则1 两个句子必须要用连词连接,如果没有连词连接,则需要用非谓语动词。[典例] (tell) many times, he still couldn’t understand it.解析 分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为couldn’t understand,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,此处应使用非谓语动词;tell的逻辑主语与句子主语he一致,两者之间为被动关系,且先于谓语动作understand发生。答案 Having been told原则2 介词后跟动词-ing形式,可以在动词-ing形式前加逻辑主语。[典例] The discovery of new evidence led to the thief (catch).解析 本题led to中的to是介词,后面应该用动词-ing形式,the thief作动词-ing形式的逻辑主语,两者之间为被动关系。答案 being caught原则3 动词-ing形式可作主语或宾语。[典例] (catch) in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.解析 本题中is为系动词,前面内容应该作主语,用动词-ing形式,此处表示“遇到交通堵塞”,应用固定搭配be caught in。答案 Being caught原则4 动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致且与句子主语构成主谓关系。[典例] (walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.解析 本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致,he和walk之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。答案 Walking1. 单句语法填空(1)That day I chose to stop hiding (hide) and embrace my shyness.(2020·天津卷)(2)The bridge being built (build) now is part of a high-speed railway project.(3)He was praised for having done (do) a good deed.(4)The man standing (stand) by the window is our teacher.(5)I regret to tell (tell) you that you’ve failed in the exam.(6)What he did was disappointing (disappoint), which disappointed his father much.(7)I found a sleeping (sleep) baby on the bed.(8) Hearing (hear) their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.(9)I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going (go) on.(10)When we entered the room, we heard the telephone ringing (ring).(11)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left wanting (want) more next time.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)(12) Having visited (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I am amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.(2023·全国乙卷)2. 补全句子(1)谢谢您考虑我的建议。我期待听到您对这件事的看法。Thank you for considering my suggestion .I look forward to hearing your thoughts on this matter.(2)回顾那段经历,我很感激有这个机会。 Looking back on that experience ,I am grateful for the opportunity.(3)他眼中闪耀着笑容,深深地打动了我内心的最深处。A smile was dancing in his eyes, hitting the deepest of my heart .(4)没有被邀请参加聚会,她很不高兴。 Not having been invited to the party , she was very upset.(5)被(他人)喜欢能为学习和新的生活体验创造机会。 Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences.(6)她的工作是帮助那些需要帮助的人。Her job is helping those in need of help .本单元的写作任务是写一个关于实施急救的故事,属于叙事性文体。文章应该按照时间顺序展开,内容安排条理清晰。由于是关于实施急救的故事,写作内容应该集中在实施急救的过程描述上,以及急救的最终结果上。具体写作结构如图所示:有关实施急救的故事的高级句式1. We should check whether he/she is conscious or not.我们应当检查他/她是否清醒。2. Don’t move him/her—leave him/her where he/she is.不要搬动他/她,让他/她待在原地。3. Be careful not to move the victim violently.要当心,不要粗暴地移动患者。4. If the victim is facing severe condition, it is vital to give him/her first aid at once.如果患者状况严重,立刻对他/她进行急救是至关重要的。5. Before the ambulance came, the lady performed first aid on the kid.救护车来之前,这位女士对这个孩子实施了急救。6. The story is a good example in which first aid makes a big difference.这个故事是一个很好的例子,说明急救能起到至关重要的作用。7. When you see someone get injured, what should you do?当你看到某人受伤的时候,你应该做什么?1. 技能;技术;技艺n. technique 2. 光线;光束;(热、电等)射线n. ray 3. 较小的;次要的;轻微的adj. minor 4. 电的;用电的;电动的adj. electric 5. 受害者;患者n. victim 6. (身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的adj. swollen 7. 膨胀;肿胀vi. swell 8. 松的;未系紧的;宽松的adj. loose 9. 紧急的;急迫的;急切的adj. urgent 10. (使)宽慰;减轻;缓解vi.& vt.容易;舒适;自在n. ease 11. 吞下;咽下vt.& vi. swallow 12. 包、裹;(用手臂等)围住vt. wrap 13. 滑倒;滑落;溜走vi. 滑倒;小错误;纸条 n. slip 14. 年纪较大的;上了年纪的(婉辞) adj. elderly 15. 救护车 n. ambulance 16. 推迟;延期(做某事) vi.& vt. 耽误;耽搁 vt. 延误;耽搁(的时间);推迟n. delay 17. 针;缝衣针;注射针;指针n. needle 18. 电话接线员;操作员n. operator 19. 踝;踝关节n. ankle 20. 流血;失血n. bleeding 21. 流血;失血vi. bleed 22. (使)惊慌vi.& vt. 惊恐;恐慌n. panic 23. 打断;打扰vi.& vt. 使暂停;使中断vt. interrupt 24. (使)淹死;溺死;浸泡;淹没vi.& vt. drown 25. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊;大声叫vi.& vt. 尖叫;尖锐刺耳的声音n. scream 26. 同类的;同事的;同伴的;同情况的adj. 男人;家伙;同事;同辈;同类n. fellow 27. 绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的adj. desperate 28. 切实可行的;实际的;实践的adj. practical 29. 拳;拳头n. fist 30. 抓住;攫取vt. 抓取;抢夺n. grab 31. 紧紧地;牢固地;紧密地adv. tightly 32. 牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的adj. 紧紧地;牢固地adv. tight 33. 运动;移动n. motion 34. 证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由vt. justify 35. 幸福;福祉;安康;福利n. welfare 36. 有雾的adj. foggy 37. 郊区;城外n. suburb 38. 会员身份;全体会员;会员人数n. membership 39. (使)窒息;(使)哽咽vi.& vt. choke 40. leaflet 散页印刷品;传单;小册子 41. organ (人或动植物的)器官 42. toxin 毒素(尤指细菌产生的致病物质) 43. radiation 辐射;放射线 44. acid 酸;酸的;酸性的 45. millimetre 毫米;千分之一米 46. layer 层;表层;层次 47. blister (皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱;(金属等表面的)气泡、水泡 48. underneath 在……底下;隐藏在下面 49. nerve 神经 50. fabric 织物;布料;(社会、机构等的)结构 51. paramedic 急救医生;护理人员 52. bathtub 浴缸;浴盆 53. mosquito 蚊子 54. carpet 地毯 55. ward 病房 56. sprain 扭伤(关节);扭伤 57. diner (尤指餐馆的)就餐者 58. steak 牛排;肉排 59. throat 咽喉;喉咙 60. slap (用手掌)打、拍;拍击声 61. obstruction 阻碍;堵塞;阻塞物 62. collapse (突然)倒塌;(因病等)昏倒 63. manual 使用手册;说明书;用手的;手工的;体力的;手控的 1. 担任;充当 act as 2. 阻止……;预防…… prevent…from 3. 触觉 sense of touch 4. 实施急救 give first aid 5. 导致 lead to 6. 各种各样的 a variety of 7. 被分成…… be divided into 8. 依靠;信任;取决于 depend on 9. 触电;电击 electric shock 10. 粘在……上面 stick to 11. 用……覆盖 cover…with 12. 将……敷在…… apply…to… 13. 确保 make sure 14. 把某人送往医院 take sb to the hospital 15. 与……取得联系 come into contact with… 16. 用……包裹…… wrap…with… 17. 立刻;马上 right away 18. 毫不耽搁 without delay 19. 生命体征 vital sign 20. 让某人平躺 lay sb on one’s back 21. 将……从……去除 remove…from… 22. 拍打某人的后背 slap sb on one’s back 23. 强行排出…… force…out 24. 袖手旁观 stand by 25. 有责任做…… have a responsibility to do 26. 彼此;相互 one another 27. 帮助某人站起身来 help sb to one’s feet 1. 正如你能想象的,被灼伤可能会导致非常严重的损伤。 As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries .2. 根据皮肤损伤的深度,烧伤或烫伤可分为三种类型。Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage .3. 如有必要,用剪刀把衣服剪开脱掉,除非你看到织物粘在烧伤的皮肤上。Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary , unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.4. 在受伤部位敷药膏不是个好主意,因为这样会使热量继续留在伤口处,并可能导致感染。 Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea , as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.5. 如果伤者有二级或三级烧伤,则急需立即将其送往医院。If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once .6. 陈伟是北京的一名高中生,在听到另一张桌子上有人尖叫时,他的晚餐被打断了。Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.7. 他现在正掐着他的喉咙,脸憋得通红,而他惊慌失措的朋友们正在拍打他的后背。He was now holding his throat with his face turning red , while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back .8. 在张某朋友的帮助下,他得以帮助张某站起来。 With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet .9. 他们在离开之前,建议他吃得慢一点,并小口地咬。They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.基础词汇 拓展词汇1 technique n. 技能;技术;技艺 technical adj. 技术的;技能的;工艺的;技巧的 technically adv. 在专业上;在技巧上;在技艺上 technician n. 技术员;技师;技巧精湛者2 organ n. (人或动植物的)器官 organic adj. 器官的;有机物的;生物的;有机的 organism n. 生物;有机体;有机组织;有机体系 /3 radiate vi. & vt. (使热、光、能量)辐射;放射;发散 radiation n. 辐射;放射线 radiator n. 散热器;暖气片;冷却器 /4 electric adj. 电的;用电的;电动的 electricity n. 电;电能 electrical adj. 电的;用电的;发电的 electrician n. 电工;电气技师5 swell vi. 膨胀;肿胀 swelling n. 膨胀;肿胀 swollen adj. (身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的 /6 nerve n. 神经;神经质;勇气 nervous adj. 神经紧张的;焦虑不安的;胆怯的 nervously adv. 神经质地;紧张不安地 nerveless adj. 无力的;麻木的;无畏的7 loose adj. 松的;未系紧的;宽松的 loosen v. (使)放松;变松;解开;松开 loosely adv. 宽松地;松弛地;轻率地 looseness n. 松动;松弛8 urgent adj. 紧急的;急迫的;急切的 urgency n. 紧急;迫切 urgently adv. 迫切地;紧急地;急切地 /9 ease vi. & vt. (使)宽慰;减轻;缓解 n. 容易;舒适;自在 uneasy adj. 不安的;忧虑的 easiness n. 自在;自如;无拘束 easily adv. 容易地;轻易地;不费力地10 wrap vt. 包、裹; (用手臂等)围住 wrapper n. 包装材料;包装纸;包装塑料 wrapping n. 包装布;包装纸;包装塑料 unwrap vt. 打开(或解开、拆开)……的包装11 bath n. 洗澡;浴缸;浴盆vt. 给……洗澡 bathtub n. 浴缸;浴盆 bathroom n. 浴室;洗手间 /12 slip vi. 滑倒;滑落;溜走n. 滑倒;小错误;纸条 slippery adj. 滑的;滑得抓不住的;油滑的;滑头的 slipper n. (室内)便鞋;拖鞋 slipway n. 滑道13 operate v. 运转;工作;操作;经营;营业;动手术 operation n. 运转;运行;操作;手术 operator n. 电话接线员;操作员 operational adj. 操作的;运转的;运营的;业务的14 delay vi. & vt. 推迟;延期 (做某事) vt. 耽误;耽搁n. 延误;耽搁 (的时间);推迟 delayed adj. 延误的;延迟的 delayer n. 缓燃剂;延缓剂;延迟器 /15 drown vi. & vt. (使)淹死;溺死;浸泡;淹没 drowning n. 淹死 adj. 溺水的 drowned adj. 淹死的 /16 blood n. 血;血统;家世 bleed vi. 流血;失血 bleeding n. 流血;失血 bloody adj. 血淋淋的;流血的;血腥的;残暴的17 panic vi.& vt. (使)惊慌 n. 惊恐;恐慌 panicky adj. 焦虑不安的;惊慌的 panic-stricken adj. 惊慌失措的 /18 choke vi. & vt. (使)窒息;(使)哽咽 choking adj. 令人窒息的;透不过气的 choked adj. 哽咽的;说不出话的;不安的;心烦意乱的 choker n. 贴颈项链;项圈19 desperate adj. 绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的 desperation n. 绝望;拼命;铤而走险 desperately adv. 绝望地;拼命地;不顾一切地 /20 practical adj. 切实可行的;实际的;实践的 practically adv. 实际地;实际上;几乎;差不多;很接近 practicality n. 可行性;适用性;实事求是;实际情况 impractical adj. 不切实际的;不现实的21 obstruct vt.阻挡;阻塞;遮断;妨碍;阻碍 obstruction n. 阻碍;堵塞;阻塞物 obstructive adj. 有意妨碍的;蓄意阻挠的;刁难的 /22 tight adj. 牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的adv. 紧紧地;牢固地 tighten vi. & vt. (使)变紧;(使)更加牢固 vt. 使更加严格;加强 tightly adv. 紧紧地;牢固地;紧密地 tightness n. 紧密;紧度;气密性23 justify vt. 证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由 justification n. 正当理由;可接受的理由 justified adj. (做某事)有正当理由的;事出有因的;合乎情理的 justifiable adj. 有理由的;可证明是正当的;情有可原的Unit 5 First Aid1. ease vi.& vt.(使)宽慰;减轻;缓解 n.容易;舒适;自在·with ease容易地;不费力地at ease舒适;悠闲;自在put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在·ease sb of…减轻某人的……2. delay vi.& vt.推迟;延期(做某事) vt. 耽误;耽搁 n.延误;耽搁(的时间);推迟·delay (doing) sth推迟(做)某事·without delay立刻;马上3. panic vi.& vt.(panicked;panicked;panicking)(使)惊慌 n.惊恐;恐慌·panic sb into doing sth使某人仓皇行事·get into a panic陷入恐慌in panic惊慌失措地;处在恐慌中4. desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的(desperately adv.绝望地;拼命地;极其 desperation n.绝望;拼命;铤而走险)·be desperate for sth 渴望某物be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事·in desperation 绝望地5. help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来rise to one’s feet站起来;起身jump to one’s feet跳起来drag one’s feet拖着脚走;故意拖延stamp one’s feet跺脚set foot on/in 踏上;进入6. face up/down面朝上(朝下)be faced with sth=face sth 面临in the face of面对lose face丢面子/丢脸make a face (at sb)(对某人)做鬼脸;皱眉头;做苦相face to face面对面7. out of shape健康状况不好;变形in good/bad shape健康状况良好/不佳keep/be in shape保持健康in the shape of以……的形状/形式take shape成形be shaped like形状像……as引导的非限制性定语从句 As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.正如你能想象的,被灼伤可能会导致非常严重的损伤。·as引导非限制性定语从句时,常在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,从句可置于句首、句中或句末。·as引导定语从句的常用句式:as is known to us all/as we all know众所周知as we can see正如我们所看到的as (is) reported据报道as is often the case这是常有的事as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的观察下面的句子,并感知动词-ing形式的用法。1. Putting butter or oil on burns helps because it may reduce swelling and ease discomfort.2. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.3. You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth.4. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes.5. If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services.6. Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive.1. 动词-ing形式的时态、语态和意义语态时态 主动式 被动式一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done(1)动词-ing形式的一般式多表示一般情况,其所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;其完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometres.(一般式)尽管David没跑几千米就被绊倒了,但是他坚持奔跑,仿佛已经忘记了自己所有的弱点。Having understood this, I took a deep breath and sat back into my seat, pretending I was really on a roller coaster.(完成式)明白了这一点后,我深吸一口气,坐回座位,假装自己真的坐在过山车上。(2)动词-ing形式的主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者,其被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。Hearing (主动式) my words, he nodded his head, looking (主动式) reborn with being trusted (被动式).听到我的话,他点了点头,看起来因为得到了信任而重获新生。动词-ing形式的否定式是在前面加not构成的。It felt amazing not having to hide away behind my scarf.不用躲在我的围巾后面的感觉很神奇。2. 动词-ing形式的句法功能(1)动词-ing形式作主语此时多表示一般或抽象的重复多次的行为。有时用it作形式主语,动名词放在句末,常见句型:It is a waste of time doing…、It is no use/useless/no good doing…。Reading English books and visiting English learning sites prove to be the less popular ways, accounting for 18% and 12% respectively.阅读英文书籍和访问英文学习网站被证明是不太受欢迎的方式,分别占18%和12%。It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。单个的动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.善于倾听也需要全神贯注于他人。Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.(2021·北京卷)不受影响本身并不是一种比其他一切都值得重视的特征。(2)动词-ing形式作宾语①作动词的宾语常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆:避免错过少延期(avoid、miss、postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest、finish、practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy、imagine、can’t help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit、deny、envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape、risk、excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand、keep、mind)But that’s not a reason to avoid teaching what is important.但这并不是避免教授重要内容的理由。However, when I had to go back because I stupidly forgot my books, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself.然而,当我因为愚蠢地忘了带书而不得不回去时,我注意到她刚刚自己把书打包好。The moral of the original story is that a wicked person cannot escape being punished.原著故事的寓意是,坏人无法逃脱惩罚。a.下列动词(短语)既可以接动名词形式作宾语,也可以接动词不定式形式作宾语,但意义上有区别:forgetstoprememberregrettrymeango oncan’t helpb.remember/forget/regret 后跟doing和having done所表示的意思并无差别。c. regret 后跟动词不定式时,往往表示对将要说的话(或做的事)表示遗憾,故其后常接 to say/tell/inform 等。Don’t forget to post the letter on your way to school.别忘了在上学的路上顺便把这封信寄出去。I shall never forget hearing her singing the song.我永远都不会忘记听她唱这首歌时的情景。②作动词短语的宾语常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语:devote to、feel like、look forward to、insist on、think of、dream of、object to、be engaged in、depend on、aim at、set about、be/get used to、be fond of、be afraid of、be tired of、succeed in、be interested in等。The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.唯一令人惊讶的是,如此多的州坚持对这一信息置若罔闻。He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.(2021·浙江6月卷)他记录了自己的旅程,并开始将大自然作为一个品牌推广给年轻人。③作介词(but、except除外)的宾语It goes without saying that all students will benefit much from our favourite foreign teacher.不用说,所有的学生都会从我们最喜欢的外教那里受益匪浅。Today’s children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.(2021·浙江6月卷)如今的儿童平均每天花四个半小时看屏幕,其中包括看电视和使用互联网。All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting involved.所有参与者都从参与中获得了积极的结果。动名词的复合结构:结构 功能名词的’s所有格/形容词性物主代词+doing 作主语、宾语名词/人称代词宾格+doing 作宾语I really appreciate your/you coming over to help me with my math.(作宾语)我真的很感谢你过来帮我补习数学。Tom’s/His coming home late worries his mother.(作主语)Tom/他回家晚使他妈妈担心。(3)动词-ing形式作表语①动词-ing形式作表语,表示抽象概念的动作,这种动作未必正在进行。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。②动词-ing形式作表语,表示主语的性质或特征,意为“令人……的”。The argument is very convincing.这个论点很令人信服。Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。(4)动词-ing形式作定语①动词-ing形式作前置定语,表示用途或性质。单个的动词-ing形式作前置定语往往有形容词的性质。There is a baby sleeping in the sleeping car.有一个婴儿睡在卧铺车厢里。I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.(单个的动词-ing形式作前置定语,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)我看着David和其他赛跑运动员一起向起跑线前进。②动词-ing形式短语作后置定语,往往表示正在发生或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作,其作用相当于一个定语从句。There is a small river flowing through the farm.(动词-ing形式短语作后置定语)有一条小河流过农场。动词-ing形式、过去分词和动词不定式作定语的区别:The building being built now is our new school.(表被动、进行)在建的大楼是我们的新学校。The building built three years ago is in ruins.(表被动、完成)三年前建的那座大楼已成废墟。The building to be built next year will be very beautiful.(表被动、将来)明年要建的那座大楼将会非常漂亮。(5)动词-ing形式作状语此时分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致,且分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。作状语时,动词-ing形式可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等,并可以转换成相应的状语从句。Seeing his figure disappearing into thick evergreen forest, I felt relieved.(时间状语)看到他的身影消失在茂密的常绿森林中,我感到如释重负。Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon, I’m eagerly writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.(原因状语)得知您即将前往美国,我急切地写信,对您给予的帮助向您表示衷心的感谢。Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.(原因状语)因为不知道如何解出这道物理难题,他求助于老师。Working hard, you’ll succeed.(条件状语)如果你努力工作,你会成功的。He looked at me with firm eyes, showing his usual big smile.(伴随状语)他用坚定的目光看着我,露出他一贯的笑容。有些惯用的动词-ing形式在句中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,作评注性状语,表明说话者的态度、观点等,常见的有generally speaking 一般来说strictly speaking 严格来说frankly/honestly speaking坦白地/老实地说judging from/by… 根据……判断considering… 考虑到……seeing… 因为;由于……Generally speaking, doctors are held in high regard in most countries.一般来说,在大部分国家医生都深受人们的尊重。Honestly speaking, it’s so nice of you to offer me a class of practical learning skills.说实话,你能给我上一堂实用的学习技能课真是太好了。(6)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语①此时宾语往往是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作。At that moment, I saw a brave butterfly flying in the sky.那一刻,我看见一只勇敢的蝴蝶在天空中飞舞。②当转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.如果一名厨师被发现在厨房吸烟,他会被立即开除。③能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)及with复合结构:a. 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词,常见的有see、hear、feel、smell、find、notice、observe、look at、listen to等。I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed live is quite another.在家里听音乐是一回事,去现场听人演奏音乐完全又是另一回事。b. 表示指使意义的使役动词,常见的有have、make、get、set、keep、leave等。We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I won’t have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。see、hear、feel、watch等感官动词之后用动词-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别:前者强调动作正在进行,后者强调动作的全过程(动词不定式在主动句中可省略to,在被动句中需保留to)。Not until then did I hear my stomach rumbling.(动词-ing形式作宾补,表示动作正在进行)直到那时我才听到肚子咕咕叫。At 15:40 on 9th December 2021, we were organised to watch three Chinese astronauts deliver a science lesson from Tiangong space station.(动词不定式作宾补,表示动作全过程;在主动句中省略to)→At 15:40 on 9th December 2021, three Chinese astronauts were watched to deliver a science lesson from Tiangong space station.(watch用于被动语态,需保留to,动词不定式作主语补足语)2021年12月9日15时40分,我们观看了三名中国航天员在“天宫”空间站内讲授的科学课。c. 用于with复合结构中Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes.听到我的话,David颤抖地转向我,泪水从他的眼中溢出。3. 解题技巧“三部曲”归纳(1)先判断动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是否与句子主语一致;(2)再判断动词-ing形式与句子主语的主动、被动关系;(3)最后判断动词-ing形式的动作与句子谓语动词所表示的动作发生的先后顺序。4. 解题原则原则1 两个句子必须要用连词连接,如果没有连词连接,则需要用非谓语动词。[典例] (tell) many times, he still couldn’t understand it.解析 分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为couldn’t understand,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,此处应使用非谓语动词;tell的逻辑主语与句子主语he一致,两者之间为被动关系,且先于谓语动作understand发生。答案 Having been told原则2 介词后跟动词-ing形式,可以在动词-ing形式前加逻辑主语。[典例] The discovery of new evidence led to the thief (catch).解析 本题led to中的to是介词,后面应该用动词-ing形式,the thief作动词-ing形式的逻辑主语,两者之间为被动关系。答案 being caught原则3 动词-ing形式可作主语或宾语。[典例] (catch) in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.解析 本题中is为系动词,前面内容应该作主语,用动词-ing形式,此处表示“遇到交通堵塞”,应用固定搭配be caught in。答案 Being caught原则4 动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致且与句子主语构成主谓关系。[典例] (walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.解析 本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致,he和walk之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。答案 Walking1. 单句语法填空(1)That day I chose to stop (hide) and embrace my shyness.(2020·天津卷)(2)The bridge (build) now is part of a high-speed railway project.(3)He was praised for (do) a good deed.(4)The man (stand) by the window is our teacher.(5)I regret (tell) you that you’ve failed in the exam.(6)What he did was (disappoint), which disappointed his father much.(7)I found a (sleep) baby on the bed.(8) (hear) their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.(9)I couldn’t do my homework with the noise (go) on.(10)When we entered the room, we heard the telephone (ring).(11)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left (want) more next time.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)(12) (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I am amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.(2023·全国乙卷)2. 补全句子(1)谢谢您考虑我的建议。我期待听到您对这件事的看法。Thank you for .I look forward to on this matter.(2)回顾那段经历,我很感激有这个机会。,I am grateful for the opportunity.(3)他眼中闪耀着笑容,深深地打动了我内心的最深处。A smile was dancing in his eyes, .(4)没有被邀请参加聚会,她很不高兴。, she was very upset.(5)被(他人)喜欢能为学习和新的生活体验创造机会。for learning and for new kinds of life experiences.(6)她的工作是帮助那些需要帮助的人。Her job is .本单元的写作任务是写一个关于实施急救的故事,属于叙事性文体。文章应该按照时间顺序展开,内容安排条理清晰。由于是关于实施急救的故事,写作内容应该集中在实施急救的过程描述上,以及急救的最终结果上。具体写作结构如图所示:有关实施急救的故事的高级句式1. We should check whether he/she is conscious or not.我们应当检查他/她是否清醒。2. Don’t move him/her—leave him/her where he/she is.不要搬动他/她,让他/她待在原地。3. Be careful not to move the victim violently.要当心,不要粗暴地移动患者。4. If the victim is facing severe condition, it is vital to give him/her first aid at once.如果患者状况严重,立刻对他/她进行急救是至关重要的。5. Before the ambulance came, the lady performed first aid on the kid.救护车来之前,这位女士对这个孩子实施了急救。6. The story is a good example in which first aid makes a big difference.这个故事是一个很好的例子,说明急救能起到至关重要的作用。7. When you see someone get injured, what should you do?当你看到某人受伤的时候,你应该做什么?1. 技能;技术;技艺n.2. 光线;光束;(热、电等)射线n.3. 较小的;次要的;轻微的adj.4. 电的;用电的;电动的adj. 5. 受害者;患者n.6. (身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的adj.7. 膨胀;肿胀vi.8. 松的;未系紧的;宽松的adj.9. 紧急的;急迫的;急切的adj.10. (使)宽慰;减轻;缓解vi.& vt.容易;舒适;自在n.11. 吞下;咽下vt.& vi.12. 包、裹;(用手臂等)围住vt.13. 滑倒;滑落;溜走vi. 滑倒;小错误;纸条 n.14. 年纪较大的;上了年纪的(婉辞) adj.15. 救护车 n.16. 推迟;延期(做某事) vi.& vt. 耽误;耽搁 vt. 延误;耽搁(的时间);推迟n.17. 针;缝衣针;注射针;指针n.18. 电话接线员;操作员n. 19. 踝;踝关节n.20. 流血;失血n. 21. 流血;失血vi.22. (使)惊慌vi.& vt. 惊恐;恐慌n.23. 打断;打扰vi.& vt. 使暂停;使中断vt.24. (使)淹死;溺死;浸泡;淹没vi.& vt.25. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊;大声叫vi.& vt. 尖叫;尖锐刺耳的声音n.26. 同类的;同事的;同伴的;同情况的adj. 男人;家伙;同事;同辈;同类n.27. 绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的adj.28. 切实可行的;实际的;实践的adj.29. 拳;拳头n.30. 抓住;攫取vt. 抓取;抢夺n.31. 紧紧地;牢固地;紧密地adv.32. 牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的adj. 紧紧地;牢固地adv.33. 运动;移动n.34. 证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由vt.35. 幸福;福祉;安康;福利n. 36. 有雾的adj.37. 郊区;城外n.38. 会员身份;全体会员;会员人数n.39. (使)窒息;(使)哽咽vi.& vt.40. leaflet 41. organ42. toxin 43. radiation44. acid 45. millimetre46. layer 47. blister48. underneath 49. nerve50. fabric 51. paramedic52. bathtub 53. mosquito54. carpet 55. ward56. sprain 57. diner58. steak 59. throat60. slap 61. obstruction62. collapse 63. manual1. 担任;充当2. 阻止……;预防……3. 触觉4. 实施急救5. 导致6. 各种各样的7. 被分成……8. 依靠;信任;取决于9. 触电;电击10. 粘在……上面11. 用……覆盖12. 将……敷在……13. 确保14. 把某人送往医院15. 与……取得联系16. 用……包裹……17. 立刻;马上18. 毫不耽搁19. 生命体征20. 让某人平躺21. 将……从……去除22. 拍打某人的后背23. 强行排出……24. 袖手旁观25. 有责任做……26. 彼此;相互27. 帮助某人站起身来1. 正如你能想象的,被灼伤可能会导致非常严重的损伤。.2. 根据皮肤损伤的深度,烧伤或烫伤可分为三种类型。Burns are divided into three types, .3. 如有必要,用剪刀把衣服剪开脱掉,除非你看到织物粘在烧伤的皮肤上。Remove any clothes , unless you the burnt skin.4. 在受伤部位敷药膏不是个好主意,因为这样会使热量继续留在伤口处,并可能导致感染。 , as it will and may cause infection.5. 如果伤者有二级或三级烧伤,则急需立即将其送往医院。If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, .6. 陈伟是北京的一名高中生,在听到另一张桌子上有人尖叫时,他的晚餐被打断了。Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, when from another table.7. 他现在正掐着他的喉咙,脸憋得通红,而他惊慌失措的朋友们正在拍打他的后背。He was now holding his throat , his desperate friends .8. 在张某朋友的帮助下,他得以帮助张某站起来。.9. 他们在离开之前,建议他吃得慢一点,并小口地咬。They suggested before they left.基础词汇 拓展词汇1 technique n. 技能;技术;技艺 adj. 技术的;技能的;工艺的;技巧的 adv. 在专业上;在技巧上;在技艺上 n. 技术员;技师;技巧精湛者2 organ n. (人或动植物的)器官 adj. 器官的;有机物的;生物的;有机的 n. 生物;有机体;有机组织;有机体系 /3 vi. & vt. (使热、光、能量)辐射;放射;发散 radiation n. 辐射;放射线 n. 散热器;暖气片;冷却器 /4 electric adj. 电的;用电的;电动的 n. 电;电能 adj. 电的;用电的;发电的 n. 电工;电气技师5 swell vi. 膨胀;肿胀 n. 膨胀;肿胀 adj. (身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的 /6 nerve n. 神经;神经质;勇气 adj. 神经紧张的;焦虑不安的;胆怯的 adv. 神经质地;紧张不安地 adj. 无力的;麻木的;无畏的7 loose adj. 松的;未系紧的;宽松的 v. (使)放松;变松;解开;松开 adv. 宽松地;松弛地;轻率地 n. 松动;松弛8 urgent adj. 紧急的;急迫的;急切的 n. 紧急;迫切 adv. 迫切地;紧急地;急切地 /9 ease vi. & vt. (使)宽慰;减轻;缓解 n. 容易;舒适;自在 adj. 不安的;忧虑的 n. 自在;自如;无拘束 adv. 容易地;轻易地;不费力地10 wrap vt. 包、裹; (用手臂等)围住 n. 包装材料;包装纸;包装塑料 n. 包装布;包装纸;包装塑料 vt. 打开(或解开、拆开)……的包装11 bath n. 洗澡;浴缸;浴盆vt. 给……洗澡 n. 浴缸;浴盆 n. 浴室;洗手间 /12 slip vi. 滑倒;滑落;溜走n. 滑倒;小错误;纸条 adj. 滑的;滑得抓不住的;油滑的;滑头的 n. (室内)便鞋;拖鞋 slipway n. 滑道13 v. 运转;工作;操作;经营;营业;动手术 n. 运转;运行;操作;手术 operator n. 电话接线员;操作员 adj. 操作的;运转的;运营的;业务的14 delay vi. & vt. 推迟;延期 (做某事) vt. 耽误;耽搁n. 延误;耽搁 (的时间);推迟 adj. 延误的;延迟的 n. 缓燃剂;延缓剂;延迟器 /15 drown vi. & vt. (使)淹死;溺死;浸泡;淹没 n. 淹死 adj. 溺水的 adj. 淹死的 /16 n. 血;血统;家世 bleed vi. 流血;失血 n. 流血;失血 adj. 血淋淋的;流血的;血腥的;残暴的17 panic vi.& vt. (使)惊慌 n. 惊恐;恐慌 adj. 焦虑不安的;惊慌的 adj. 惊慌失措的 /18 choke vi. & vt. (使)窒息;(使)哽咽 adj. 令人窒息的;透不过气的 adj. 哽咽的;说不出话的;不安的;心烦意乱的 choker n. 贴颈项链;项圈19 desperate adj. 绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的 n. 绝望;拼命;铤而走险 adv. 绝望地;拼命地;不顾一切地 /20 practical adj. 切实可行的;实际的;实践的 adv. 实际地;实际上;几乎;差不多;很接近 n. 可行性;适用性;实事求是;实际情况 adj. 不切实际的;不现实的21 vt.阻挡;阻塞;遮断;妨碍;阻碍 obstruction n. 阻碍;堵塞;阻塞物 adj. 有意妨碍的;蓄意阻挠的;刁难的 /22 tight adj. 牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的adv. 紧紧地;牢固地 vi. & vt. (使)变紧;(使)更加牢固 vt. 使更加严格;加强 adv. 紧紧地;牢固地;紧密地 n. 紧密;紧度;气密性23 justify vt. 证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由 n. 正当理由;可接受的理由 adj. (做某事)有正当理由的;事出有因的;合乎情理的 adj. 有理由的;可证明是正当的;情有可原的 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Unit 5 First Aid - 学生版.docx Unit 5 First Aid.docx