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选必三Unit 3 Environmental Protection 重点词句讲义
词形转换
graph n.图；图表;曲线图→graphic adj.图表的；生动的→graphics n.图形；图表学
emission n.排放物；散发物；排放→emit vt.排放；散发；发出→emitter n.发射器；排放源
starve vi.&vt.（使）挨饿；饿死→starvation n.饥饿；饿死→starved adj.饥饿的；渴望的
ecology n.生态；生态学→ecological adj.生态的；生态学的→ecologist n.生态学家
release vt.&n.排放；释放；发布→releasable adj.可释放的
habitable adj.适合居住的→habitat n.栖息地
sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj.可持续的→sustainability n.可持续性
fuel n.燃料；刺激性言行 vt.给……加油→fuelling n.加油；燃料补给→fueled adj.加燃料的
comprehensive adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的→comprehend vt.理解；领会→comprehension n.理解力
trend n.趋势；趋向；动向→trendy adj.时髦的；流行的→trendsetter n.引领潮流的人
frequently adv.频繁地；经常→frequent adj.频繁的；时常发生的→frequency n.频率；频繁
broadcast vt.&vi.&n.播送，广播，传播→broadcaster n.广播员；广播公司→broadcasting n.广播；播音
policy n.政策；方针；原则→politician n.政治家 政客→political adj.政治的；政党的
restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction n.限制规定；约束→restrictive adj.限制性的
reform vi.&vt.&n.改革；改正；改造→reformer n.改革者
undergo vt.经历；经受→underwent（过去式）→undergone（过去分词）→undergoing n.经历
implement vt.使生效；贯彻；执行 n.工具→implementation n.实施；执行→implementer n.执行者
harmonious adj.和谐的→harmony n.和谐；融洽→harmonize v.（使）和谐；协调
moderate adj.&vi.&vt.适度的；缓和→moderation n.适度；节制→moderately adv.适度地
submit vt.&vi.提交；呈递；屈服→submission n.提交；屈服→submissive adj.顺从的
annual adj.&n.每年的；年刊→annually adv.每年；一年一度地
chaos n.混乱；杂乱；紊乱→chaotic adj.混乱的；无秩序的→chaotically adv.混乱地
nuclear adj.原子能的；核能的→nucleus n.核；核心；原子核
sensitive adj.敏感的；灵敏的→sense n.感觉；意识 vt.感觉到→sensitivity n.敏感性
originate vi.&vt.起源；发源；创立→origin n.起源；源头→original adj.原始的；最初的
volume n.量；体积；一卷→voluminous adj.大量的；篇幅长的→volumetric adj.体积的
garbage n.垃圾；废物→garbageman n.垃圾工→garbage can n.垃圾
enterprise n.公司；企业；事业→enterprising adj.有事业心的；有进取心的→enterpriser n.企业家
restore vt.恢复；使复原；修复→restoration n.恢复；修复→restorative adj.恢复性的
conservation n.（环境、文物等）保护→conserve vt.保护；保存→conservative adj.保守的
dozen n.（一）打；十二个→dozens许多；很多→dozens of 许多；大量
regulation n.章程；规章制度→regulate vt.规定；管理；调节→regulatory adj.监管的
disposal n.去掉；清除；处理 → dispose v.处置；处理 → disposable adj.一次性的；可处置的
inspection n.检查；查看；视察 → inspect vt.检查；视察 → inspector n.检查员；巡视员
fine vt.对……处以罚款 n.罚款 adj.美好的 → finely adv.精细地；美好地 → fineness n.精细；优良
campaign n.&vi.&vt.运动；参加/领导运动 → campaigner n.活动家；运动参与者 →campaigning n.竞选；运动
waterway n.水道；航道 → watery adj.水的；含水的
tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许 → tolerance n.容忍；宽容 → tolerant adj.容忍的；宽容的
重点词组和词块
Reading and Thinking
environmental protection 环境保护
along with和......一起
have an impact on 对.......有影响
be trapped in陷于;被困在......
refer to 提到；指的是；查阅
greenhouse effect 温室效应
contribute to 是...的原因之一；导致；捐献
take action 采取行动
in effect 有效；实际上；事实上
seize every opportunity抓住每一个机会
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
according to 根据
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
Learning about language
submit to 提交；呈递
restrict to 把...限制在...
take into account 把...考虑进去；顾及
in search of 寻找
die out 灭绝；消失
on behalf of 代表（代替）某人
carry out 执行；实施；开展
Using Language
be harmful to 对...有害
have negative effect on 对...有消极影响
deal with 处理；应对；解决
end up 以...告终...
lead to 导致
steps should be taken to 应该采取措施去...
waste disposal facility 垃圾处理设施
instead of 代替；而不是
in addition 另外；此外
as a result 结果；因此
Assessing your progress
dozens of 许多；大量
struggle with 与...斗争
set up 建立
no longer 不再
be disposed of 被处理
environmental issue 环境问题
重点句子
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and
natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. (Page 27)
确凿、全面的证据表明，温度上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，而且使人丧命。【that 从句为同位语从句，修饰 evidence。that 仅起连接作用，无实义，且不能省略。】
It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. (Page 27)
我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖，包括其原因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。【在句子 It is our ... impacts 中，It 为形式主语，to seize ... 为句子真正的主语。】
It is everyone's responsibility to protect the environment, which is closely related to our daily life and future development.
保护环境是每个人的责任，这与我们的日常生活和未来发展息息相关。【It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to protect the environment；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语。】
Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. (Page 32)
过去，游客数量的增加使漓江的水质严重恶化，许多游客常常将垃圾抛入江中。【句中 many of whom 为“代词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句，用来修饰先行词 tourists，指代“游客中的许多人”，在从句中作主语。】
With the global environment becoming worse and worse, it is high time that we took effective measures to protect the earth we live on.
全球环境变得越来越糟糕，我们是时候采取有效措施来保护我们赖以生存的地球了。【with的复合结构with the global environment becoming worse and worse作状语，表伴随；It is high time that...为固定句型，that从句中谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形，should不可省略，表“是时候做某事了”。】
If we continue to cut down trees without restriction and pollute rivers at will, many wild animals will die out and we will suffer from the serious consequences sooner or later.
如果我们继续无节制地砍伐树木、随意污染河流，许多野生动物将会灭绝，我们迟早也会承受这些严重的后果。【本句为含if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，遵循“主将从现”原则；without restriction和at will均为介词短语作状语，表方式；suffer from意为“遭受；忍受”。】
Only when we realize the importance of environmental protection and take practical action in our daily life can we make a real difference to the world around us.
只有当我们意识到环境保护的重要性，并在日常生活中采取实际行动，我们才能对周围的世界产生真正的影响。【only+状语从句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构，即将助动词/情态动词/系动词提到主语之前；make a real difference to意为“对……产生真正的影响”。】

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