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Unit 5　Learning from nature Starting out & Understanding ideas 语言知识练习
Ⅰ. 请根据汉语提示和首字母写单词
1. Green leaves outspread as far as boundless sky while pink l_______（荷花）blossoms take from sunshine a new dye.
2. His influence is strong; many painters m_______（模仿）his style and use of color.
3. A large amount of solar energy has been c_______（使转换）into electrical energy since amounts of advance equipment were introduced.
4. If we continue to produce carbon d_______（二氧化碳）and other gases in such huge quantities, we are expecting severe consequences.
5. There's a new f_______（前沿）in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food.
6. The Hotel of Fragrant Hill in Beijing was constructed by Ieoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-born American a_______.
7. T_______（瓦片）are usually made of baked clay and are often used for covering roofs.
8. All the audiences were deeply attracted by the s_______（极好的）performance of the acrobat.
9. The park on the w_______（滨水地区）be a good place for rest and recreation
10. All the workers are working day and night to make sure the p_______（管道系统）system run smoothly.
【答案】
1. lotus 句意：接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红。lotus n.莲花，荷花。
2. mimic句意：他的影响很大；许多画家模仿他的风格和色彩的运用。mimic v.模仿。
【链接】表示“模仿”意思的词还有：imitate，copy等。
3. converted 句意：句意：自从大量的先进设备被引进以来，大量的太阳能被转换成电能。convert v.使转变；使转换。根据空前have been可知，本句用的是现在完成时，故本空应用过去分词形式。
4. dioxide 句意：如果我们继续大量制造二氧化碳和其他气体，我们将面临严重的后果。dioxide n.二氧化碳。
5. frontier 句意：在3D打印领域，有一个新的前沿领域开始成为人们关注的焦点：食品。frontier n.知识/物理学等的前沿。
6. architect 句意：北京香山酒店是由著名的华裔美国建筑师贝聿铭建造的。architect n.建筑师。
7. Tiles 句意：瓷砖通常是由烧制的粘土制成，通常用于覆盖屋顶。tile n.瓦片。根据空后are可知，本空应用复数形式。
8. superb 句意：所有的观众都被这位杂技演员的出色的表演深深地吸引住了。superb adj.极好的，出色的。
9. waterfront句意：在滨水地区的这个公园是一个休息和娱乐的好地方。waterfront n.滨水地区。
10. plumbing 句意：所有的工人都日夜奋战，以确保管道系统的畅通。plumbing n.管道系统。
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. You should learn _______ past mistakes so as to avoid falling into the same old trap again.
2. The project is especially designed _______ (help) the children with hearing loss.
3. It took my parents quite a long time to be used to _______ (live) in the city.
4. It’s no secret that China has always been a source of ______(inspire) for designers.
5. Was it Mary _____ you met in the street yesterday
6. Most people believe the best way ______(build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
7. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen ______(get) to your muscles and your brain. （2019·全国卷Ⅰ）
8. My mother, ______ guiding principle in life was doing right, had a far greater influence on me.
9. Ecology is a subject that is _____ (close) connected with the environment.
10. Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit _____ (true) memorable.
【答案】
1. from 考查介词。句意：你要从过去的错误中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙。learn from意为“从（某个地方或人）学到……”，故本空应用介词from。
2. to help 考查动词不定式。句意：这个项目是专门为帮助失聪儿童而设计的。be designed to do sth.意为“专门设计来做某事，目的是做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
3. living 考查动名词。句意：我父母花了很长时间才习惯住在城里。be used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”，故本空应用动名词作宾语。
【链接】used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事。
4. inspiration 考查名词。句意：对于设计师来说，中国一直是灵感的源泉，这已经不是什么秘密了。根据空前介词of可知，本空应用名词inspiration“灵感；启示”。
5. that 考查强调句。句意：昨天你在街上遇见的是玛丽吗？本句为强调句的一般疑问句形式，强调句子宾语Mary，故本空应用that。
【链接】强调句的判断：将强调句结构中的It is/was...that/who...去掉，如果句子所剩下的部分不缺少任何成分，仍是一个完整的句子，这个句子就是强调句，否则就是其他从句。
强调句的基本结构：
①陈述句式：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who（指人）＋句子其余部分。
②一般疑问句式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分？
③特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋句子其余部分？
④含有not...until...的强调句句式：It is/was not until＋强调部分＋that＋非强调部分。
6. to build 考查动词不定式。句意：大多数人认为建立一个伟大团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。本空修饰抽象名词way，故应用不定式作定语。way to do sth.意为“做某事的方式/方法”。
7. to get 考查动词不定式。句意：如果你在户外锻炼，你的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。allow...to do sth.意为“使得/允许……做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾补。
8. whose 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我母亲的生活原则是做事堂堂正正，她对我有着更为深刻的影响。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词My mother，本空在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。
9. closely 考查副词。句意：生态学是一门与环境密切相关的学科。本空修饰动词短语is connected with，故应用副词closely“紧密地，密切地”。
【链接】close和closely用作副词时意义上有差别：
close 是指距离、场所、地点等的“接近，靠近”，可以说是一种实际意义上的“接近”。close to有“接近，几乎，大概，差不多”的意思。closely 是指抽象意义上的“接近”，多用比喻意义，有“亲密地，严密地，仔细地”等意思。另外，由close 和closely这种意义上的区别，我们可以很轻松地区别high和highly、wide和widely、deep和deeply等一类词。带-ly的副词往往用作抽象意义或比喻意义，而不带-ly的副词多用作实际意义。
10. truly 考查副词。句意：无论你的年龄或兴趣是什么，布克斯顿总有一些要看东西或要做的事儿，使你的访问真正地难以忘怀。本空修饰形容词memorable，故应用副词truly“真正地”。
Ⅲ.请选用所给短语的适当形式填空
regard...as...，take...for granted，associate...with ...，look like，in fact，be based on，convert…into...，respond to，live in harmony with，meet the need of
1. The movie ___________ the popular novel of the same name.
2. Many new products have been developed to ___________ the customers.
3. You shouldn’t ______ it ______ that your parents must do everything for you.
4. In Chinese poetry, the poets usually ______ moon ______ homesickness.
5. He ___________ a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics.
6. With the development of technology, solar energy and wind energy can ___________ electrical energy.
7. I have a dream that our human beings could ___________ the beautiful nature.
8. I asked her what the time was, but she didn’t ___________ my question.
9. Seen from the top of the mountain, the surface of the still lake ___________ a mirror.
10. Mrs Smith wasn’t disappointed at all. __________, she was very satisfied with the result.
【答案】1. is based on 2. meet the needs of 3. take；for granted 4. associate；with 5. is regarded as 6. be converted into 7. live in harmony with 8. respond to 9. looks like 10. In fact
Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思填空
1. There are ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ I don't know which to choose.
有那么多有趣的书，我不知道该选哪本了。
2. ______ ______ his best friend ______ he met at the party.
在聚会时他遇到的是他最好的朋友。
3. ______ ______ ______ that life is not always easy.
人生不可能总是一帆风顺，这是很自然的。
4. Misery inspires a man ______ ______ ______ his fate.（2019·天津）
苦难激励人与他的命运抗争。
5. More freeways have been built in China, ______ ______ ______ ______ for people to travel from one place to another.
在中国建立了更多的高速公路，使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅行更容易。
【答案】1. so many interesting books that 2. It was；that/who 3. It is natural 4. to fight against 5. making it much easier
Ⅴ. 练通句型
【一句多译】
1. 这台电脑花了我大约5,000元。
→①The computer ______ ______ about 5,000 yuan.（cost）
→②I ______ about 5,000 yuan ______ the computer.（spend）
→③I ______ about 5,000 yuan ______ the computer.（pay）
→④______ ______ ______ about 5,000 yuan ______ ______ the computer.
2. 这是解决这个问题最有效的方法。
→①This is the most effective ______ ______ ______ the problem.（way）
→②This is the most effective ______ ______ ______ the problem.（approach）
→③This is the most effective ______ ______ ______ the problem.（method）
【句式升级】
3. It appears that you have made a mistake.
→You ______ ______ ______ ______ a mistake.（appear to do）
4. My mother didn’t go to bed until I arrived home.
→①______ ______ ______ ______ I returned home ______ my mother went to bed.（not...until的强调句）
→②Not until I returned home ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.（not...until的倒装句）
5. They played so happily that they forgot the time.
→______ ______ ______ ______ ______ that they forgot the time.（so...that... 的倒装句）
【答案】1. ①cost me ②spent；on ③paid；for ④It took me；to buy 表示“……花费某人……”有四种表达方式：sth./doing sth. cost sb.)＋金钱/时间；sb. spend+金钱/时间+ (in) doing sth./on sth.；sb. pay +金钱+for sth.；It itakes/took sb.+金钱/时间+to do sth. 2. ①way to solve/of solving ②approach to solving③method of solving 表示“做某事的方法”有三种表达：way to do sth./of doing sth.；approach to doing sth.；method of doing sth.。
3. appear to have made 句意：你好像犯了个错误。appear后常跟不定式作宾语。
4. ①It was not until；that ②did my mother go to bed 句意：直到我到家，我妈妈才去睡觉。not until的强调句为：It is/was+not until引导的从句+that+句子剩余部分。not until的倒装句为：Not until+从句+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+谓语动词。
5. So happily did they play 句意：他们玩得如此开心以至于忘了时间。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，改为倒装句时，将so置于句首，主句进行部分倒装。Unit 5　Learning from nature Starting out & Understanding ideas 语言知识练习
Ⅰ. 请根据汉语提示和首字母写单词
1. Green leaves outspread as far as boundless sky while pink l_______（荷花）blossoms take from sunshine a new dye.
2. His influence is strong; many painters m_______（模仿）his style and use of color.
3. A large amount of solar energy has been c_______（使转换）into electrical energy since amounts of advance equipment were introduced.
4. If we continue to produce carbon d_______（二氧化碳）and other gases in such huge quantities, we are expecting severe consequences.
5. There's a new f_______（前沿）in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food.
6. The Hotel of Fragrant Hill in Beijing was constructed by Ieoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-born American a_______.
7. T_______（瓦片）are usually made of baked clay and are often used for covering roofs.
8. All the audiences were deeply attracted by the s_______（极好的）performance of the acrobat.
9. The park on the w_______（滨水地区）be a good place for rest and recreation
10. All the workers are working day and night to make sure the p_______（管道系统）system run smoothly.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. You should learn _______ past mistakes so as to avoid falling into the same old trap again.
2. The project is especially designed _______ (help) the children with hearing loss.
3. It took my parents quite a long time to be used to _______ (live) in the city.
4. It’s no secret that China has always been a source of ______(inspire) for designers.
5. Was it Mary _____ you met in the street yesterday
6. Most people believe the best way ______(build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
7. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen ______(get) to your muscles and your brain. （2019·全国卷Ⅰ）
8. My mother, ______ guiding principle in life was doing right, had a far greater influence on me.
9. Ecology is a subject that is _____ (close) connected with the environment.
10. Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit _____ (true) memorable.
Ⅲ.请选用所给短语的适当形式填空
regard...as...，take...for granted，associate...with ...，look like，in fact，be based on，convert…into...，respond to，live in harmony with，meet the need of
1. The movie ___________ the popular novel of the same name.
2. Many new products have been developed to ___________ the customers.
3. You shouldn’t ______ it ______ that your parents must do everything for you.
4. In Chinese poetry, the poets usually ______ moon ______ homesickness.
5. He ___________ a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics.
6. With the development of technology, solar energy and wind energy can ___________ electrical energy.
7. I have a dream that our human beings could ___________ the beautiful nature.
8. I asked her what the time was, but she didn’t ___________ my question.
9. Seen from the top of the mountain, the surface of the still lake ___________ a mirror.
10. Mrs Smith wasn’t disappointed at all. __________, she was very satisfied with the result.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思填空
1. There are ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ I don't know which to choose.
有那么多有趣的书，我不知道该选哪本了。
2. ______ ______ his best friend ______ he met at the party.
在聚会时他遇到的是他最好的朋友。
3. ______ ______ ______ that life is not always easy.
人生不可能总是一帆风顺，这是很自然的。
4. Misery inspires a man ______ ______ ______ his fate.（2019·天津）
苦难激励人与他的命运抗争。
5. More freeways have been built in China, ______ ______ ______ ______ for people to travel from one place to another.
在中国建立了更多的高速公路，使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅行更容易。
Ⅴ. 练通句型
【一句多译】
1. 这台电脑花了我大约5,000元。
→①The computer ______ ______ about 5,000 yuan.（cost）
→②I ______ about 5,000 yuan ______ the computer.（spend）
→③I ______ about 5,000 yuan ______ the computer.（pay）
→④______ ______ ______ about 5,000 yuan ______ ______ the computer.
2. 这是解决这个问题最有效的方法。
→①This is the most effective ______ ______ ______ the problem.（way）
→②This is the most effective ______ ______ ______ the problem.（approach）
→③This is the most effective ______ ______ ______ the problem.（method）
【句式升级】
3. It appears that you have made a mistake.
→You ______ ______ ______ ______ a mistake.（appear to do）
4. My mother didn’t go to bed until I arrived home.
→①______ ______ ______ ______ I returned home ______ my mother went to bed.（not...until的强调句）
→②Not until I returned home ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.（not...until的倒装句）
5. They played so happily that they forgot the time.
→______ ______ ______ ______ ______ that they forgot the time.（so...that... 的倒装句）

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