资源简介

Unit 4 核心素养测评卷
(满分150分,限时120分钟)
选择题部分
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
(　B　)1. What kind of food did the man suggest
A. Chinese food.
B. Italian food.
C. French food.
(　C　)2. What is wrong with the man
A. He has a cold.
B. He can’t sleep well at this time of the year.
C. He is not very comfortable with the flowers.
(　C　)3. What does the man mean
A. He already tried that suggestion.
B. He already bought something.
C. He hadn’t considered that idea.
(　A　)4. Why can’t the man give the woman a ride
A. His car is being repaired.
B. He is riding the company bus.
C. He isn’t going into town.
(　A　)5. Where are the speakers
A. In the woman’s home.
B. At a French café.
C. In a supermarket.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
(　C　)6. When does the woman go to class
A. On Friday.
B. On Thursday.
C. On Wednesday.
(　A　)7. When does the woman start to work
A. Late at night.
B. At noon.
C. Early in the morning.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
(　A　)8. What does the man imply about apples
A. The variety is greater now.
B. The prices are higher now.
C. They’re hard to find in Tennessee now.
(　B　)9. How does the man describe the woman
A. Excited.
B. Lucky.
C. Complicated.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
(　B　)10. What is the woman doing in the beginning
A. Parking her car.
B. Walking her dog.
C. Cutting the grass.
(　C　)11. How does the man sound
A. Very sorry.
B. Very excited.
C. A little unhappy.
(　A　)12. What does the man decide to do in the end
A. Give the woman a bag.
B. Clean up the mess himself.
C. Let the woman go home to get a bag.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
(　B　)13. What does the woman say about the houses
A. They were all built in the 1960s.
B. Most of them have two bathrooms.
C. They all look different.
(　A　)14. What is the most important thing to the man
A. Safety. B. Size. C. Price.
(　C　)15. What type of housing will the man probably see
A. One of the smaller houses.
B. A four-bedroom apartment.
C. A two-bedroom apartment.
(　B　)16. When will the man see the woman next time
A. Tomorrow morning.
B. Tomorrow afternoon.
C. Later this afternoon.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
(　B　)17. Who is the main audience for the announcement
A. Soccer players.
B. Parents of soccer players.
C. The youngest soccer players.
(　C　)18. What do we know about the youngest group
A. They are too young to play.
B. The transportation will be arranged by the speaker.
C. There aren’t enough players to make teams.
(　C　)19. What is required to join the weekend camps
A. Some insurance.
B. Some reservations.
C. Some paperwork.
(　B　)20. What can we learn about the speaker
A. His name is Steve.
B. His child plays soccer.
C. He is a soccer coach.
【听力材料】
Text 1
W: Let’s have Chinese food for dinner tonight.
M: I’d rather have Italian.
W: But I had that for lunch today. What about French food
M: That sounds good!
Text 2
W: Do you have a cold or something
M: No.
W: Your eyes look red.
M: I just don’t feel very comfortable with the wild flowers here. This always happens to me when I come up to the mountains during this time of the year.
Text 3
M: I need to buy something for my computer. My Wi-Fi doesn’t seem to be working.
W: Have you tried turning everything off and turning it back on
M: Oh Really
Text 4
W: If you’re taking your car into town today, do you think I could get a ride from you
M: My car is actually in the repair shop. But you’re welcome to keep me company on the bus if you want.
Text 5
M: I’m starving! What have you got to eat in your apartment
W: Uh, this isn’t a restaurant, Chris! But if you’re hungry, I’m happy to go downstairs to the French café we walked by. Or we could go across the street to the supermarket and buy some food.
Text 6
M: What time do you usually get up in the morning, Denise
W: Well, I keep pretty strange hours. I go to school from Monday through Wednesday, and I also have a night job three nights a week from Thursday through Saturday.
M: So, you only have one day off per week
W: That’s right. I’m pretty tired, so I usually just sleep and do stuff around the house.
M: What time do you have to be at your job
W: 11 o’clock at night.
Text 7
M: Since when did shopping become so complicated
W: Dad, you’re always complaining about something!
M: No, seriously! I mean, when I was your age, if you wanted to buy apples, you had two choices: red and green. But just look around us: There must be 20 kinds of apples here!
W: Well, we’re in Washington, Dad. Apples are kind of what they grow here.
M: I know. It was just much different when I went to college in Tennessee. I guess you’re lucky to go to school here.
W: Well, I’m lucky that you and mum agreed to send me here. And I’m super excited to have you here for the whole weekend.
Text 8
M: Excuse me, but what do you think you’re doing
W: Uh, I’m just walking my dog.
M: Yes, I can see that. I actually have a dog, too. But I always pick up after my pet.
W: Well…I guess I forgot to take bags with me. It’s not a big deal.
M: Oh, I beg to differ! I live in this house right here, and I park my car right in front of this grassy area where your dog just did his business. It’s a big deal to me.
W: Look, I’m sorry. I’ll just grab a bag from home and come right back and pick it up, okay I promise.
M: Just wait here, all right I’ll get you a bag from inside.
Text 9
W: Hey, there. What can I do for you
M: I’m looking for an apartment or a house to rent for my wife and two kids.
W: Very good, Sir. In this neighbourhood, most of the houses have three bedrooms and two bathrooms. Apartments can range from 2—4 bedrooms and 2—3 bathrooms.
M: That’s interesting. Why is there so much variety in apartments but not houses
W: All the houses in this neighbourhood were built in the 1950s. Back then, they were all considering a particular family size, so they all have a similar style.
M: I see. Well, we are looking for something that is clean and, most importantly, in a safe area. Our budget is about $2,500 a month.
W: Well, this neighbourhood is very safe, Sir, so you’ll have no problems. But $2,500 won’t really be able to get you a house or the bigger apartments, I’m afraid.
M: As long as there are two bedrooms, we’ll be fine.
W: Well, I’m seeing about a few places that meet your needs. If you don’t mind waiting until tomorrow afternoon, I can take you to look at them.
M: Great!
Text 10
Attention, parents! If your son or daughter signed up for soccer, then please listen up. As you know, there were five age groups planned for this year: 5—6, 7—9, 10—11, 12—13, and 14 and up. Unfortunately, we did not have enough kids signed up for the youngest group to make enough teams. I’m a parent of a soccer player myself, so I know how you must feel. The good news is that there are a few parents who are willing to volunteer to run soccer camps on the weekend in a more informal way for the youngest players. You would need to sign some paperwork and arrange your own transportation and appropriate clothing for each weekend, but at least your kids will have the opportunity to play soccer every week. For more information, please contact the soccer coach Steve Wollinsky at 425-7660. You can also add your name to a sign-up sheet that is posted on a wall next to the bathroom. If you do so, please make sure to leave your phone number and email address as well. Thanks for everything.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
A
Join National Geographic Live to hear behind-the-scenes stories from National Geographic’s explorers, photographers, scientists and adventurers—live on stage.
Event 1
Time: 19 December, 2024
Venue: BroadStage, Santa Monica
Go down 7,000 feet below ground to witness what few have ever seen along with photographer Robbie Shone. For more than two decades, he has travelled to remote regions to document the world’s deepest, largest, and longest cave systems.
Event 2
Time: 12 Feburary, 2025
Venue: The Orpheum Theatre, Vancouver
Yellowstone National Park contains many stories, including one of the best case studies in wildlife conservation. Doug Smith led the project that reintroduced grey wolves to Yellowstone in the 1990s. With Doug Smith, go behind the scenes—including never-before-seen photos and videos of the effort to bring wolves back.
Event 3
Time: 26 May, 2025
Venue: Arts Commons, Calgary
The inhabitants in the mid-water of the ocean have resulted in the development of all kinds of technologies. The work of bioengineer Kakani Katija has led to jellyfish-based robotics and more. Dive into the mid-water of the ocean with Kakani Katija to discover sea creatures with the potential to make great impacts on our society.
Event 4
Time: 3 June, 2025
Venue: Roy Thomson Hall, Toronto
Discover the wonders of our cosmic (宇宙的) backyard through the eyes of the robotic spaceships sent out to explore it with aerospace engineer Tracy Drain. She works to develop, test, and operate the complex machines that uncover some of the countless mysteries within and beyond our solar system.
(　A　)21. What might be the theme of Event 1
A. Adventures in caves.
B. Natural wonders.
C. Skills of photography.
D. Underground inhabitants.
(　C　)22. What does Kakani Katija’s work show
A. Sea creatures affect the climate.
B. Robots uncover space mysteries.
C. Nature can inspire technologies.
D. Humans try to protect wildlife.
(　D　)23. What do the four events have in common
A. They are all scheduled in the same year.
B. They all require knowledge about science.
C. They focus on the Earth’s natural landscape.
D. They involve experts sharing field experiences.
语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四场由《国家地理》杂志的探险家、摄影师、科学家和冒险家主持的现场讲座。
21. A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据Event 1部分中的“he has travelled to remote regions to document the world’s deepest, largest, and longest cave systems”可知,第一个活动的主题是关于洞穴探险。
22. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据Event 3部分中的“The inhabitants in the mid-water of the ocean have resulted in the development of all kinds of technologies…led to jellyfish-based robotics and more.”可知,Kakani Katija的工作表明海洋中层水域的动物(如水母)可以促进各种技术的发展。
23. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段内容以及每场活动的详细介绍可知,这四个活动的共同点在于都涉及专家分享他们的实地经历。
B
It looked like another aircraft at first sight. The pilot told his young passengers that it was built in 1964 by the Boeing Company. But appearances were misleading, and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their lives. Inside, the area that normally had seats had become a long white tunnel (隧道). Heavily padded (用软物垫) from floor to ceiling, it looked a bit strange. Most of the seats had been taken out, apart from a few at the back, where the young scientists quickly took their places.
For 12 months, science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency. The challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions. For the next two hours the Boeing’s flight would be shooting upwards towards the heavens before moving towards Earth. The intention was to achieve weightlessness for a few seconds.
The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that the young scientists and I had that we were on anything like a scheduled passenger service quickly disappeared when the pilot put the plane into a 45-degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds. Then the engines cut out and we became weightless. Everything became confused, and left or right, up or down no longer had any meaning. After ten seconds of free-fall descent (降落), the pilot pulled the aircraft out of its nosedive (俯冲).
Each time the pilot cut the engines and we became weightless, a new team conducted its experiment. First it was the Dutch, who wanted to discover why cats always land on their feet. Then it was the German team, who conducted a successful experiment on a traditional building method to see if it could be used for building a future space station. The Americans had an idea to create solar sails that could be used by satellites.
After two hours of going up and down in the plane doing experiments, most of the students thought it was an unforgettable experience and one they would be keen to repeat.
(　D　)24. What do we know about the plane
A. It had no seats.
B. It was produced in the USA.
C. It was painted white from the inside.
D. It looked like a normal plane from the outside.
(　A　)25. Who might be the author
A. A student.
B. A pilot.
C. A teacher.
D. A journalist.
(　A　)26. What were the plane’s movements during the flight
A. Several quick climbs and sudden engine stops.
B. Quite a number of slow takeoffs and dives.
C. A lot of flying in circles.
D. Non-stop free falls.
(　B　)27. Why was the plane made weightless
A. To let passengers feel the conditions of space.
B. To allow the young scientists to try out their ideas.
C. To prepare the young scientists for future work in space.
D. To teach passengers skills needed to survive a plane crash.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群来自欧洲和美国的青少年科学家受欧洲航天局之邀,登上了一架特殊的飞机,他们要在飞机失重的情况下做一次全新的实验。
24. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It looked like another aircraft at first sight.”及“But appearances were misleading”可知,乍一看,这架飞机与普通的飞机外观上相差无几。
25. A　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that the young scientists and I…”可知,作者是这群青少年科学家中的一员。
26. A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…the pilot put the plane into a 45-degree climb…the engines cut out and we became weightless”及第四段中的“Each time the pilot cut the engines…”可知,为了让青少年科学家们体验失重,飞行员数次使飞机快速往上飞,然后又突然关闭引擎。
27. B　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions.”及第四段中青少年科学家们的实验内容可知,飞行员让飞机在失重状态下飞行是为了让这群青少年科学家在失重状态下做实验,验证他们的科研设想。
C
Astronaut McCandless at last reached his destination: some 320 feet out in space, 170 miles above the Atlantic, a human satellite in orbit, travelling at 23 times the speed of sound. Yet the astronaut felt no sense of movement until he looked down and saw the planet beneath his feet, a pin-sharp relief map unfolding at four miles per second: “Looks like Florida. It is Florida!” he said, his calmness disappearing immediately as he spotted Cape Canaveral below.
Looking out, pilot Robert L. “Hoot” Gibson centred the distant figure in the viewfinder (取景器) of his camera Hassel-blad—but then pulled the camera away from his eye, briefly startled by the power and clarity of the image he had framed. He had never seen so clearly on his planet. Gibson saw McCandless suspended alone in the blackness—his white suit seeming to shine beneath the sunlight of outer space, the blue band of Earth’s atmosphere curving away beneath him. Gibson checked the settings on the camera, and then checked them again. He took this photo.
Meanwhile, McCandless continued to test the abilities of his experimental flying machine: He sailed back toward Challenger and then drew away once more; he dipped and rose. Like the other astronauts before him who had spoken of walking in space—back in 1965, Ed White had been so unwilling to return to his Gemini capsule that he described doing so as “the saddest moment of my life”—McCandless had hoped, if only for a few moments, to experience the noiseless loneliness of being alone in the heavens; but the noise of the three audio feeds in his headset made it impossible.
Almost six hours after the experiment had begun, McCandless came back inside the spacecraft, sealed the door of the airlock behind him and removed his helmet. Down in Mission Control, the astronaut’s wife hugged him and wept.
(　C　)28. How did McCandless feel when seeing Florida
A. Relieved. B. Disappointed.
C. Excited. D. Satisfied.
(　A　)29. What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Shocked. B. Scared.
C. Motivated. D. Directed.
(　B　)30. What did most likely happen in 1965 　
A. A space film was made.
B. A space exploration was carried out.　
C. McCandless met Ed White.
D. Ed White had a terrible experience.
(　D　)31. What can be the best title for the passage
A. An Unexpected Encounter
B. Man’s First Space Walking
C. An Astronaut’s Daily Life
D. A Journey in Space Exploration
语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了宇航员在太空看到地球时的情景以及在太空行走的情况。
28. C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“a pin-sharp relief map unfolding at four miles per second: ‘Looks like Florida. It is Florida!’ he said, his calmness disappearing immediately as he spotted Cape Canaveral below.”可知,McCandless看见佛罗里达州时非常兴奋。
29. A　【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知,当Gibson要拍照时被眼前的清晰的画面吓了一跳,他在地球上从来没有看过这么清晰的景象。由此可知, startle意为“震惊”,与shocked意思相近。
30. B　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Like the other astronauts before him who had spoken of walking in space—back in 1965, Ed White had been so unwilling to return to his Gemini capsule that he described doing so as ‘the saddest moment of my life.’”可知,在1965年,宇航员Ed White进行了太空行走,并对此表达了强烈的不舍,这暗示了在1965年进行了一次太空探索。
31. D　【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了宇航员在太空中所看到的情景以及进行太空行走的情况。因此选项D“太空探索之旅”适合作为本文标题。
D
A 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover(探测器) to Mars ended successfully on 19 February 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy, is the US Space Agency’s biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial (微生物的) life on Mars.
Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitational (引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere—just one percent that of Earth’s—does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.
The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees steeper, or the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.
Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location.
“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,” said Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division. “While we’ll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples carry evidence that Mars once harboured life.”
(　A　)32. What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars
A. The speed reduction.
B. The atmosphere analysis.
C. The location search.
D. The time management.
(　C　)33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Ways to find the precise entry angle.
B. Consequences of wrong entry degree.
C. Factors to survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.
(　B　)34. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A. The spot. B. The area.
C. The system. D. The surface.
(　C　)35. What can be inferred from Lori Glaze’s words
A. Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed.
C. Man still has a long way to go to prove life was on Mars.
D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to our labs on Earth.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“毅力号”火星探测器的主要任务及其登陆火星过程中的情况。
32. A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容及第三段中的“The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph in just six and a half minutes.”可知,火星的引力会使航天器加速,而稀薄的大气层几乎无法帮助减速。科学家需要在短时间内将速度从12,000英里/小时降低到不到5英里/小时,这是着陆过程中最大的挑战。
33. C　【解析】 段落大意题。通读第三段的内容可知,本段主要介绍了“毅力号”在七分钟内生存下来的要素:降低速度及精确的切入角度。
34. B　【解析】 代词指代题。根据画线词前面的“Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area”可知,将“毅力号”数据库中的地图与扫描的区域进行匹配,以找到最佳的着陆位置。由此可知,it指代该句中的“the area”。
35. C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples carry evidence that Mars once harboured life”可知,即使“毅力号”装备精良,但仍需地球上条件更为优越的实验室和更为精密的仪器的进一步验证火星上是否存在生命。由此可知,火星生命存在仍需漫长研究。
第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Space is where our future is—trips to the Moon, Mars and beyond. Most people would think that apart from comets (彗星) and stars, there is little else out there. 　36　 Scientists are now concerned that if we don’t clean it up, we may all be in great danger.
The first piece of space junk was created in 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard Ⅰ stopped operating. 　37　 However, since it kept orbiting around Earth without any results, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning things that no longer served any useful purpose in space.
　38　 The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that the astronaut Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper lost during a spacewalk.
The major problem with the space trash is that it may hit working satellites and damage travelling spaceships. In addition to this, many pieces of junk may crash with each other and break into pieces which fall back to Earth.　39　 Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space trash to prevent them from crashing into working satellites or space shuttles. 　40　 They will stop littering in space and clean up the trash already there.
A. Future plans include a cooperative effort among many nations.
B. The junk floats slowly around Earth.
C. However, since our space journey started, we have left much trash (垃圾) in space.
D. It is said that there are now over 500,000 pieces of man-made trash orbiting Earth at a speed of up to 17,500 miles per hour.
E. It lost its connection with the ground centre.
F. To avoid this, scientists have invented several ways to clear the sky.
G. It hasn’t resulted in any serious problems up to now.
36. 　C　　37. 　E　　38. 　D　　
39. 　F　　40. 　A　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空垃圾的形成、危害以及科学家们应对太空垃圾问题的方法和措施。
36. C　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“Scientists are now concerned that if we don’t clean it up, we may all be in great danger.”可知,空格处会提到太空中有很多垃圾的现状,选项C“然而,自从我们的太空之旅开始以来,我们在太空中留下了许多垃圾”符合语境。
37. E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“The first piece of space junk was created in 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard Ⅰ stopped operating.”可知,空格处会提到卫星停止运作带来的影响,选项E“它与地面中心失去了联系”符合语境。
38. D　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that…”可知,空格后具体描述垃圾的种类,空格处会提到有关垃圾的总体描述,选项D“据说现在有50多万人造垃圾以每小时17,500英里的速度环绕地球运行”符合语境。
39. F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前指出了太空垃圾可能会造成的后果,空格后提到地面站已经被建立起来以监测较大的太空垃圾碎片,选项F“为了避免这种情况,科学家们发明了几种清理天空的方法”承上启下,符合语境。
40. A　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“They will stop littering in space and clean up the trash already there.”可知,空格处会提到清理太空垃圾有多个执行者,选项A“未来的计划包括多个国家之间的合作努力”符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How big is space That is a question man has been asking since the beginning of time. When your grandparents were in school, it was 　41　 that the universe was very 　42　 perhaps only 5,000 light years 　43　. About 500 years ago, people considered that the universe was only a little bit 　44　 than Earth. In modern times with the 　45　 of technology we are finally starting to 　46　 the immense (无边无际的) size of the universe, and it is much bigger than anyone 　47　 have ever imagined.
Scientists cannot stretch a measuring tape from Earth to a nearby star, so 　48　 do they know how far away they are Scientists use something 　49　 parallax (视差). Parallax means 　50　 that they look at how much the stars move in the sky back and forth throughout the year as Earth circles the sun. This is not something 　51　 to you. In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you and look at your thumb, while 　52　 one eye, and then the other, your thumb will appear to move back and forth. Stars do the 　53　 thing, but our eyes are too close to see the difference. However, if we take a picture while on one side of Earth’s orbit, and then take another when we get to the 　54　 side of the orbit, then we have a large enough distance that we can see the stars’ parallax, and 　55　 how far away they really are.
(　C　)41. A. measured B. bet
C. thought D. proved
(　D　)42. A. old B. big
C. mysterious D. small
(　B　)43. A. over B. across
C. through D. outside
(　A　)44. A. bigger B. smaller
C. heavier D. nearer
(　B　)45. A. popularity B. power
C. energy D. strength
(　A　)46. A. understand B. control
C. imagine D. feel
(　C　)47. A. would B. should
C. could D. might
(　C　)48. A. what B. why
C. how D. when
(　B　)49. A. honoured B. called
C. considered D. believed
(　D　)50. A. actually B. exactly
C. generally D. simply
(　B　)51. A. unacceptable B. unfamiliar
C. unbelievable D. unnatural
(　A　)52. A. covering B. noticing
C. controlling D. hiding
(　D　)53. A. common B. different
C. strange D. same
(　C　)54. A. suitable B. usable
C. opposite D. correct
(　B　)55. A. realise B. determine
C. recognise D. design
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们测量天体之间距离的方法。
41. C　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文中的“When your grandparents were in school”及下文语境可知,在祖父母上学的年代,科学技术并不发达,人们不可能通过测量来证实宇宙有多大,只能从主观上认为。
42. D　【解析】 考查形容词。根据空格后的“perhaps only 5,000 light years”可知,在当时大家都认为宇宙只有5,000光年那么大而已,即人们认为宇宙很小。
43. B　【解析】 考查介词。根据上文中的“How big is space ”并结合常识可知,人们想知道宇宙的大小,人们以为宇宙可能只有5,000光年宽,即从一侧到另一侧的距离。
44. A　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文语境可知,大约500年前人们认为宇宙并不大,而地球处在宇宙中,因此在当时的人们看来宇宙只比地球稍大一点。
45. B　【解析】 考查名词。根据空格后的“of technology we are finally starting to 　46　 the immense (无边无际的) size of the universe”可知,在现代社会,随着科学技术的发展,人们得以利用科技的力量探索无边宇宙。
46. A　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“the immense (无边无际的) size of the universe”并结合上文语境可知,先前缺乏科学技术,人们只能猜测宇宙有多大,而如今在科学技术的帮助下,人们终于开始了解宇宙的广阔。
47. C　【解析】 考查情态动词。根据上下文语境可知,此处指宇宙比任何人本能够想象得到的都要大得多。
48. C　【解析】 考查连词。根据上文中的“Scientists cannot stretch a measuring tape from Earth to a nearby star”及下文中的“Scientists use…”可知,由于并不能将测量用的卷尺从地球延伸至临近的恒星处,科学家用了视差这种方法来测量天体之间的距离,此处指科学家是如何知道天体之间距离的。
49. B　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Parallax means…”可知,下文解释了什么是视差,此处指科学家使用了一种叫作视差的方法。
50. D　【解析】 考查副词。根据下文语境可知,此处并没有对视差进行详细介绍,只是简单对其进行了解释。
51. B　【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you…”可知,此处举了一个简单且为人所熟悉的例子来让人们理解视差。由此可知,视差这一概念对于人们来说并不是陌生的。
52. A　【解析】 考查动词。根据上下文语境可知,此处指先遮住一只眼睛,会看见拇指在一个位置,然后换遮另外一只眼睛,拇指又处于另外一个位置。
53. D　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文语境可知,上文所举的例子就是为了说明视差是如何产生的,此处回到主题,说明可以采用同一种方式去测量。
54. C　【解析】 考查形容词。根据空格前的“if we take a picture while on one side of Earth’s orbit, and then take another when we get to the”可知,此处指在与轨道一侧相反的另一侧拍照。
55. B　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文语境可知,科学家们已经掌握了具体的测量方法,因此可以确定天体之间准确的距离。
非选择题部分
第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Humans have been eager to travel to space to learn more about the universe. They make diverse kinds of 　56　 (vehicle) to carry brave people into space to explore the universe. In October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 　57　 (launch) by the USSR and successfully orbited around the Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on 　58　 (send) people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world 　59　 (go) into space. More than eight years later, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon.
Despite the huge successes, exploring the universe can be dangerous and 　60　 (challenge). Some astronauts even lost their lives during their missions to space. 　61　 it is risky, people will continue to explore the final frontier.
China’s space programme started 　62　 (late) than those of Russia and the US, but it has made rapid progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to 　63　 (independent) send humans into space in 2003, 　64　 Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou Ⅴ spacecraft. Since then, China has made 　65　 series of achievements in the field of space technology. It’s hoped that future discoveries will make us understand how the universe began and also help us survive well into the future.
56. 　vehicles　　　 57. 　was launched　
58. 　sending 59. 　to go　
60. 　challenging 61. 　Though/Although　
62. 　later 63. 　independently　
64. 　when 65. 　a　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空探索付出的努力。
56. vehicles 【解析】考查名词单复数。根据空格前的“kinds of”可知，空格处表示复数概念，应使用单词的复数形式。
57. was launched【解析】考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据上文中的“In October 1957”可知，此处应用一般过去时;分析句子结构可知，动词和主语构成动宾关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语the Sputnik 1 satellite表达单数概念，be动词应用单数形式，故填was launched。
58. sending【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的介词“on”可知，空格处应使用动词-ing形式作宾语; focus on doing sth意为“专注于做某事”，为固定搭配。 59. to go【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该分句的谓语动词为became,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接，应使用非谓语动词;go和主语 the first person构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用动词不定式作后置定语。
60. challenging【解析】考查词形变化。分析句子结构可知，空格处应使用challenge的动词-ing形式作系动词be的表语，来形容物。
61. Though/ Although【解析】考查连词。句意:尽管存在风险，但人们还是会继续探索这个终极领域。根据句意可知，空格处表示让步关系，应使用though或although;又因空格处位于句首，首字母应大写。
62. later【解析】考查形容词的比较等级。根据空格后的“than those of Russia and the US”可知，此处应用late的比较等级later。
63. independently【解析】考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词send,应使用independent的副词形式independently作send的状语。
64. when【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作状语;先行词为2003,指时间，应使用关系副词when。
65. a【解析】考查冠词。a series of意为“一系列;一连串”,为固定短语。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分 40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分 15分)
假定你是李华,你校英文报正在组织一个主题为“My Understanding of Space Exploration”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1. 太空探索的重要性;
2. 你的理由;
3. 举例说明。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
My Understanding of Space Exploration
In my opinion, space exploration is crucial for the progress and development of mankind. The reasons are as follows.
First of all, it expands our understanding of the universe and its origin, contributing to advancements in astronomy. In addition, it drives technological innovation and improves our everyday lives. Technologies like satellite communication and weather forecasting have developed through space programmes. Lastly, space exploration presents opportunities for future resource utilisation.
We often benefit from space exploration. For example, when we go to an unfamiliar place, we always turn to GPS for help, and that is one of the achievements of space exploration. In a word, by investing in space exploration, we can pave the way for a better future.
第二节　读后续写(满分 25分)
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
A young girl named Nova had always been fascinated by space travel and dreamt of exploring the stars one day. She spent hours reading books about the planets and galaxies and her room was filled with star charts and models of spacecraft. Nova also loved to repair machines. Always curious about how things worked, she would take apart gadgets (小器具) and put them back together. She even built her own telescope to look up at the night sky. Her parents encouraged her curiosity, gifting her a comprehensive engineering kit on her 10th birthday. Nova spent countless hours mastering the kit, learning everything from basic circuitry (电路) to complex mechanical systems.
One day, she signed up for the “Little Astronaut Simulation (模拟) Competition”. The selection process was strict, but Nova’s professional skills in mechanics helped her a lot. What’s more, during her training, Nova learnt more complex skills. Fortunately, Nova succeeded. She was selected to join a team of simulation astronauts on a mission to explore a distant planet. Nova was excited and she brought along her toolkit just in case hoping that her skills could contribute to the mission.
As the spaceship flew through the galaxy, Nova admired breathtaking views of stars and planets. She felt weightless and free, like she was flying through the universe. The crew members bonded over shared stories and dreams, each bringing a unique skill set to the team. Nova quickly became the go-to person for any technical issues. She believed that her toolkit and knowledge would provide invaluable service during the journey.
Later, the team encountered a problem. The simulation spaceship’s engine malfunct-ioned and they became trapped in space. They were running out of oxygen and supplies, and the nearest planet was light-years away. Many of them were scared and unsure of what to do.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
　　But Nova refused to be afraid. Fetching her carry-on toolkit quickly and calmly, she began checking the problem with the engine firstly. So focused and brave was Nova that her spirit of courage inspired other astronauts, who set their fear aside, all working together with Nova tirelessly. After what seemed a century, Nova was the first to identify the problem with her rich knowledge. Then, they discussed the solution together, applying what they had learnt to the challenging task. Thanks to Nova’s professional skills in mechanics, they made it eventually. As the spaceship roared back to life, they all cheered with joy.
Paragraph 2:
　　Finally, they landed back on the earth. Undoubtedly, the entire group was the winner in the competition. Besides, it was Nova who received special recognition for her great contributions. Her ability to remain calm under huge pressure and her impressive repair skills had successfully turned a dangerous situation into a successful mission. She had proved that anything was possible with hard work and determination. Feeling a sense of pride and accomplishment, Nova dreamt of being a true space explorer to make more contributions in the near future. Actually, she had taken a huge step towards her big dream. Unit 4 核心素养测评卷
(满分150分,限时120分钟)
选择题部分
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
( )1. What kind of food did the man suggest
A. Chinese food.
B. Italian food.
C. French food.
( )2. What is wrong with the man
A. He has a cold.
B. He can’t sleep well at this time of the year.
C. He is not very comfortable with the flowers.
( )3. What does the man mean
A. He already tried that suggestion.
B. He already bought something.
C. He hadn’t considered that idea.
( )4. Why can’t the man give the woman a ride
A. His car is being repaired.
B. He is riding the company bus.
C. He isn’t going into town.
( )5. Where are the speakers
A. In the woman’s home.
B. At a French café.
C. In a supermarket.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
( )6. When does the woman go to class
A. On Friday.
B. On Thursday.
C. On Wednesday.
( )7. When does the woman start to work
A. Late at night.
B. At noon.
C. Early in the morning.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
( )8. What does the man imply about apples
A. The variety is greater now.
B. The prices are higher now.
C. They’re hard to find in Tennessee now.
( )9. How does the man describe the woman
A. Excited.
B. Lucky.
C. Complicated.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
( )10. What is the woman doing in the beginning
A. Parking her car.
B. Walking her dog.
C. Cutting the grass.
( )11. How does the man sound
A. Very sorry.
B. Very excited.
C. A little unhappy.
( )12. What does the man decide to do in the end
A. Give the woman a bag.
B. Clean up the mess himself.
C. Let the woman go home to get a bag.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
( )13. What does the woman say about the houses
A. They were all built in the 1960s.
B. Most of them have two bathrooms.
C. They all look different.
( )14. What is the most important thing to the man
A. Safety. B. Size. C. Price.
( )15. What type of housing will the man probably see
A. One of the smaller houses.
B. A four-bedroom apartment.
C. A two-bedroom apartment.
( )16. When will the man see the woman next time
A. Tomorrow morning.
B. Tomorrow afternoon.
C. Later this afternoon.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
( )17. Who is the main audience for the announcement
A. Soccer players.
B. Parents of soccer players.
C. The youngest soccer players.
( )18. What do we know about the youngest group
A. They are too young to play.
B. The transportation will be arranged by the speaker.
C. There aren’t enough players to make teams.
( )19. What is required to join the weekend camps
A. Some insurance.
B. Some reservations.
C. Some paperwork.
( )20. What can we learn about the speaker
A. His name is Steve.
B. His child plays soccer.
C. He is a soccer coach.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
A
Join National Geographic Live to hear behind-the-scenes stories from National Geographic’s explorers, photographers, scientists and adventurers—live on stage.
Event 1
Time: 19 December, 2024
Venue: BroadStage, Santa Monica
Go down 7,000 feet below ground to witness what few have ever seen along with photographer Robbie Shone. For more than two decades, he has travelled to remote regions to document the world’s deepest, largest, and longest cave systems.
Event 2
Time: 12 Feburary, 2025
Venue: The Orpheum Theatre, Vancouver
Yellowstone National Park contains many stories, including one of the best case studies in wildlife conservation. Doug Smith led the project that reintroduced grey wolves to Yellowstone in the 1990s. With Doug Smith, go behind the scenes—including never-before-seen photos and videos of the effort to bring wolves back.
Event 3
Time: 26 May, 2025
Venue: Arts Commons, Calgary
The inhabitants in the mid-water of the ocean have resulted in the development of all kinds of technologies. The work of bioengineer Kakani Katija has led to jellyfish-based robotics and more. Dive into the mid-water of the ocean with Kakani Katija to discover sea creatures with the potential to make great impacts on our society.
Event 4
Time: 3 June, 2025
Venue: Roy Thomson Hall, Toronto
Discover the wonders of our cosmic (宇宙的) backyard through the eyes of the robotic spaceships sent out to explore it with aerospace engineer Tracy Drain. She works to develop, test, and operate the complex machines that uncover some of the countless mysteries within and beyond our solar system.
( )21. What might be the theme of Event 1
A. Adventures in caves.
B. Natural wonders.
C. Skills of photography.
D. Underground inhabitants.
( )22. What does Kakani Katija’s work show
A. Sea creatures affect the climate.
B. Robots uncover space mysteries.
C. Nature can inspire technologies.
D. Humans try to protect wildlife.
( )23. What do the four events have in common
A. They are all scheduled in the same year.
B. They all require knowledge about science.
C. They focus on the Earth’s natural landscape.
D. They involve experts sharing field experiences.
B
It looked like another aircraft at first sight. The pilot told his young passengers that it was built in 1964 by the Boeing Company. But appearances were misleading, and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their lives. Inside, the area that normally had seats had become a long white tunnel (隧道). Heavily padded (用软物垫) from floor to ceiling, it looked a bit strange. Most of the seats had been taken out, apart from a few at the back, where the young scientists quickly took their places.
For 12 months, science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency. The challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions. For the next two hours the Boeing’s flight would be shooting upwards towards the heavens before moving towards Earth. The intention was to achieve weightlessness for a few seconds.
The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that the young scientists and I had that we were on anything like a scheduled passenger service quickly disappeared when the pilot put the plane into a 45-degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds. Then the engines cut out and we became weightless. Everything became confused, and left or right, up or down no longer had any meaning. After ten seconds of free-fall descent (降落), the pilot pulled the aircraft out of its nosedive (俯冲).
Each time the pilot cut the engines and we became weightless, a new team conducted its experiment. First it was the Dutch, who wanted to discover why cats always land on their feet. Then it was the German team, who conducted a successful experiment on a traditional building method to see if it could be used for building a future space station. The Americans had an idea to create solar sails that could be used by satellites.
After two hours of going up and down in the plane doing experiments, most of the students thought it was an unforgettable experience and one they would be keen to repeat.
( )24. What do we know about the plane
A. It had no seats.
B. It was produced in the USA.
C. It was painted white from the inside.
D. It looked like a normal plane from the outside.
( )25. Who might be the author
A. A student.
B. A pilot.
C. A teacher.
D. A journalist.
( )26. What were the plane’s movements during the flight
A. Several quick climbs and sudden engine stops.
B. Quite a number of slow takeoffs and dives.
C. A lot of flying in circles.
D. Non-stop free falls.
( )27. Why was the plane made weightless
A. To let passengers feel the conditions of space.
B. To allow the young scientists to try out their ideas.
C. To prepare the young scientists for future work in space.
D. To teach passengers skills needed to survive a plane crash.
C
Astronaut McCandless at last reached his destination: some 320 feet out in space, 170 miles above the Atlantic, a human satellite in orbit, travelling at 23 times the speed of sound. Yet the astronaut felt no sense of movement until he looked down and saw the planet beneath his feet, a pin-sharp relief map unfolding at four miles per second: “Looks like Florida. It is Florida!” he said, his calmness disappearing immediately as he spotted Cape Canaveral below.
Looking out, pilot Robert L. “Hoot” Gibson centred the distant figure in the viewfinder (取景器) of his camera Hassel-blad—but then pulled the camera away from his eye, briefly startled by the power and clarity of the image he had framed. He had never seen so clearly on his planet. Gibson saw McCandless suspended alone in the blackness—his white suit seeming to shine beneath the sunlight of outer space, the blue band of Earth’s atmosphere curving away beneath him. Gibson checked the settings on the camera, and then checked them again. He took this photo.
Meanwhile, McCandless continued to test the abilities of his experimental flying machine: He sailed back toward Challenger and then drew away once more; he dipped and rose. Like the other astronauts before him who had spoken of walking in space—back in 1965, Ed White had been so unwilling to return to his Gemini capsule that he described doing so as “the saddest moment of my life”—McCandless had hoped, if only for a few moments, to experience the noiseless loneliness of being alone in the heavens; but the noise of the three audio feeds in his headset made it impossible.
Almost six hours after the experiment had begun, McCandless came back inside the spacecraft, sealed the door of the airlock behind him and removed his helmet. Down in Mission Control, the astronaut’s wife hugged him and wept.
( )28. How did McCandless feel when seeing Florida
A. Relieved. B. Disappointed.
C. Excited. D. Satisfied.
( )29. What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Shocked. B. Scared.
C. Motivated. D. Directed.
( )30. What did most likely happen in 1965 　
A. A space film was made.
B. A space exploration was carried out.　
C. McCandless met Ed White.
D. Ed White had a terrible experience.
( )31. What can be the best title for the passage
A. An Unexpected Encounter
B. Man’s First Space Walking
C. An Astronaut’s Daily Life
D. A Journey in Space Exploration
D
A 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover(探测器) to Mars ended successfully on 19 February 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy, is the US Space Agency’s biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial (微生物的) life on Mars.
Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet’s gravitational (引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere—just one percent that of Earth’s—does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.
The scientists had to reduce Percy’s 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees steeper, or the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.
Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location.
“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,” said Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division. “While we’ll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples carry evidence that Mars once harboured life.”
( )32. What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars
A. The speed reduction.
B. The atmosphere analysis.
C. The location search.
D. The time management.
( )33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Ways to find the precise entry angle.
B. Consequences of wrong entry degree.
C. Factors to survive “the seven minutes”.
D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.
( )34. What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A. The spot. B. The area.
C. The system. D. The surface.
( )35. What can be inferred from Lori Glaze’s words
A. Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed.
C. Man still has a long way to go to prove life was on Mars.
D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to our labs on Earth.
第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Space is where our future is—trips to the Moon, Mars and beyond. Most people would think that apart from comets (彗星) and stars, there is little else out there. 　36　 Scientists are now concerned that if we don’t clean it up, we may all be in great danger.
The first piece of space junk was created in 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard Ⅰ stopped operating. 　37　 However, since it kept orbiting around Earth without any results, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning things that no longer served any useful purpose in space.
　38　 The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that the astronaut Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper lost during a spacewalk.
The major problem with the space trash is that it may hit working satellites and damage travelling spaceships. In addition to this, many pieces of junk may crash with each other and break into pieces which fall back to Earth.　39　 Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space trash to prevent them from crashing into working satellites or space shuttles. 　40　 They will stop littering in space and clean up the trash already there.
A. Future plans include a cooperative effort among many nations.
B. The junk floats slowly around Earth.
C. However, since our space journey started, we have left much trash (垃圾) in space.
D. It is said that there are now over 500,000 pieces of man-made trash orbiting Earth at a speed of up to 17,500 miles per hour.
E. It lost its connection with the ground centre.
F. To avoid this, scientists have invented several ways to clear the sky.
G. It hasn’t resulted in any serious problems up to now.
36. 　37. 　38. 　
39. 　40.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How big is space That is a question man has been asking since the beginning of time. When your grandparents were in school, it was 　41　 that the universe was very 　42　 perhaps only 5,000 light years 　43　. About 500 years ago, people considered that the universe was only a little bit 　44　 than Earth. In modern times with the 　45　 of technology we are finally starting to 　46　 the immense (无边无际的) size of the universe, and it is much bigger than anyone 　47　 have ever imagined.
Scientists cannot stretch a measuring tape from Earth to a nearby star, so 　48　 do they know how far away they are Scientists use something 　49　 parallax (视差). Parallax means 　50　 that they look at how much the stars move in the sky back and forth throughout the year as Earth circles the sun. This is not something 　51　 to you. In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you and look at your thumb, while 　52　 one eye, and then the other, your thumb will appear to move back and forth. Stars do the 　53　 thing, but our eyes are too close to see the difference. However, if we take a picture while on one side of Earth’s orbit, and then take another when we get to the 　54　 side of the orbit, then we have a large enough distance that we can see the stars’ parallax, and 　55　 how far away they really are.
( )41. A. measured B. bet
C. thought D. proved
( )42. A. old B. big
C. mysterious D. small
( )43. A. over B. across
C. through D. outside
( )44. A. bigger B. smaller
C. heavier D. nearer
( )45. A. popularity B. power
C. energy D. strength
( )46. A. understand B. control
C. imagine D. feel
( )47. A. would B. should
C. could D. might
( )48. A. what B. why
C. how D. when
( )49. A. honoured B. called
C. considered D. believed
( )50. A. actually B. exactly
C. generally D. simply
( )51. A. unacceptable B. unfamiliar
C. unbelievable D. unnatural
( )52. A. covering B. noticing
C. controlling D. hiding
( )53. A. common B. different
C. strange D. same
( )54. A. suitable B. usable
C. opposite D. correct
( )55. A. realise B. determine
C. recognise D. design
非选择题部分
第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Humans have been eager to travel to space to learn more about the universe. They make diverse kinds of 　56　 (vehicle) to carry brave people into space to explore the universe. In October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 　57　 (launch) by the USSR and successfully orbited around the Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on 　58　 (send) people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world 　59　 (go) into space. More than eight years later, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon.
Despite the huge successes, exploring the universe can be dangerous and 　60　 (challenge). Some astronauts even lost their lives during their missions to space. 　61　 it is risky, people will continue to explore the final frontier.
China’s space programme started 　62　 (late) than those of Russia and the US, but it has made rapid progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to 　63　 (independent) send humans into space in 2003, 　64　 Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou Ⅴ spacecraft. Since then, China has made 　65　 series of achievements in the field of space technology. It’s hoped that future discoveries will make us understand how the universe began and also help us survive well into the future.
56. 　　 57.
58. 59.
60. 61.
62. 63.
64. 65.
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分 40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分 15分)
假定你是李华,你校英文报正在组织一个主题为“My Understanding of Space Exploration”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1. 太空探索的重要性;
2. 你的理由;
3. 举例说明。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
My Understanding of Space Exploration
第二节　读后续写(满分 25分)
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
A young girl named Nova had always been fascinated by space travel and dreamt of exploring the stars one day. She spent hours reading books about the planets and galaxies and her room was filled with star charts and models of spacecraft. Nova also loved to repair machines. Always curious about how things worked, she would take apart gadgets (小器具) and put them back together. She even built her own telescope to look up at the night sky. Her parents encouraged her curiosity, gifting her a comprehensive engineering kit on her 10th birthday. Nova spent countless hours mastering the kit, learning everything from basic circuitry (电路) to complex mechanical systems.
One day, she signed up for the “Little Astronaut Simulation (模拟) Competition”. The selection process was strict, but Nova’s professional skills in mechanics helped her a lot. What’s more, during her training, Nova learnt more complex skills. Fortunately, Nova succeeded. She was selected to join a team of simulation astronauts on a mission to explore a distant planet. Nova was excited and she brought along her toolkit just in case hoping that her skills could contribute to the mission.
As the spaceship flew through the galaxy, Nova admired breathtaking views of stars and planets. She felt weightless and free, like she was flying through the universe. The crew members bonded over shared stories and dreams, each bringing a unique skill set to the team. Nova quickly became the go-to person for any technical issues. She believed that her toolkit and knowledge would provide invaluable service during the journey.
Later, the team encountered a problem. The simulation spaceship’s engine malfunct-ioned and they became trapped in space. They were running out of oxygen and supplies, and the nearest planet was light-years away. Many of them were scared and unsure of what to do.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
　　But Nova refused to be afraid.
Paragraph 2:
　　Finally, they landed back on the earth.

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