资源简介

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What Lies Beneath
Adapted from National Geographic 202307
The night is beautiful and so is the sea as our ship south along Italy's coast. The small glowing① light on the distant horizon is not the work of humans but rather lava② explosions from Stromboli (斯通波利岛), a volcanic island in the Aeolian chain islands. Though this flickering③ glow is barely noticeable from afar, it has for thousands of years, and we're heading straight for it.
The seven main islands lie in the heart of the most active volcano system in the Mediterranean④. As a biologist, I've come here to see what kinds of marine⑤ species adapt and survive in places so to life.
We first at Panarea, the smallest island, and dived into shallow, acidic⑥ waters. Considered dormant⑦， yet it hums⑧ with activity. Natural whirlpools give off a sulfur-like smell. Clouds of bubbles made of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide (硫化氢) rise to the surface. Everywhere I look, I see the effect of this acidity on marine life, as the undersea landscape is barren of⑨ corals and hard-shelled organisms. The seagrass displays whitened, burned leaves. We too feel the acid burning our faces, and when we resurface after a few hours, our lips and cheeks are chapped⑩.
Off Panarea, we explored a unique narrow valley situated between Panarea and Stromboli. The site is 300 feet long and 50 feet wide. We 250 feet and saw a collection of thin, high chimneys of crystallized iron oxides (结晶氧化铁) that formed over thousands of years. But this place is alive. The leaves of the pioneer algae covers a chimney's red slopes with a miniature forest, green with hope. Amid this same inhospitable environment a sea spider appears.
Then we boarded the ship, heading to Stromboli, whose smoking summit can be seen in the distance. Frequent tremors have caused the peak to shake off soil, rock, and sand, destroying everything in its path. The seabed is constantly redesigned after successive disasters. I'm curious to see how the ecosystem below has recovered.
As we descend, we spot a series of pioneering species that have begun their work of reclaiming the area. A juvenile shark cruises by. Its fate is uncertain, but is a perfect symbol of a reborn ecosystem.
It's common to talk about the fragility of nature, yet nature clings on ， resists, and bides its time. We ascend with a strange sensation. Our journey began in a familiar world—with the sky, the surface of the sea, the sea, and the seabed. We did not dive to the bottom of the sea, but rather under the bottom of the sea. And there is life.
eq \a\vs4\al()
①glowing adj.　 　 发光的
②lava n. 岩浆；熔岩
③flickering adj. 闪烁的；摇曳的
④the Mediterranean 地中海
⑤marine adj. 海洋的
⑥acidic adj. 酸性的
⑦dormant adj. 休眠的
⑧hum v. 活跃；嗡嗡作响
⑨be barren of 没有；缺乏
⑩chapped adj. 皲裂的
chimney n. 烟囱
algae n. 藻类
inhospitable adj. 不适宜居住的
summit n. 顶峰
tremor n. 震颤；微震
successive adj. 连续的
pioneering species 先锋物种
reclaim v. 开垦；拿回
juvenile adj. 未成年的
fragility n. 脆弱
cling on 坚持
bide v. 等待
答案：1.distant　2.has persisted　3.what　4.smallest　5.on　6.burning　7.situated　8.forbidding
9．whose　10.fragility
1．glide v.　　　　 A．very unfriendly or aggressive and ready to argue or
fight
2．persist v. B．seeming unfriendly and frightening and likely to cause
danger
3．hostile adj. C．to use something to prevent the ship from moving
away
4．anchor v. D．to come or go down from a higher to a lower level
5．descend v. E．to move smoothly and quietly, as if it takes no effort
6．forbidding adj. F．to continue to exist
答案：1～5.EFACD　6.B
Why is it necessary to protect the oceans And how
One possible version：
The oceans play a crucial part in the global ecosystem. Without the oceans, there would be no life, including human beings. As high school students, we can protect oceans in our own way. First of all, we should try every means to deal with global warming, such as saving electricity and using environment-friendly products. Besides, when playing at the seaside, never drop litter into the sea. In addition, take an active part in the voluntary activities launched by public organizations that protect the oceans.
Every little effort is important.As long as we try our best, we will make a difference to the marine environment.INCLUDEPICTURE "英RJXZXBX4Unit3LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\2024 PPT 备用\\10月\\14英语\\英RJXZXBX4Unit3LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Period 1　Reading and Thinking
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1．tale　　　　A．a level of quality, ability, etc.
2．extend B．something that forms a connection between people or groups
3．negotiate C．a deep passage of water in a
river or near the coast that can be used as route for ships
4．league D．to move back or away from a
place or situation
5．royal E．connected with or belonging to the king or queen of a country
6．withdraw F．to arrange or agree sth.by formal
discussion
7．channel G．a story created using the imagination
8．bond H．to make sth.longer or larger
答案：1～5.GHFAE　6～8.DCB
Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure：
1．Genre：____________
A．Exposition (说明文).　B．Narration (记叙文).
C．Argumentation (议论文).
答案：A
2．Structure and Clues：
答案：(1)passion　(2)cultural　(3)African royal families　(4)efforts　(5)reach out
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
It mainly talks about the__achievements__and__future__of__human__exploration__of__the__sea．
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1．Read Part 1 and answer the following questions.
(1)What has led to human's greatest achievements
Trade__and__curiosity.
(2)What can be inferred from this part
A.Marco Polo was the first to sail across the sea.
B．Marco Polo's success was a passion for sea sailing.
C．Making money was the only desire to early travelers.
D．Columbus first sailed across the ocean from east to west.
答案：B
2．Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)What contributed to the cultural communication with each other
Merchants__from__China__and__many__other__places__met__to__negotiate__trade__deals.
(2)How many ships did Zheng He lead on voyages of trade and exploration
Seven__large__fleets.
(3)What's the influence of the Silk Road
A．People can discover the mysteries of the sea by it.
B.It promotes the trade and each other's cultural exchange.
C．It helps to find the sea routes from west to east.
D．It helps to study and understand climate change and its effects.
答案：B
(4)How can we describe Zheng He's voyages at that time
A．Amazing. B．Disappointing.
C．Frightening. D．Meaningless.
答案：A
3．Read Part 3 and answer the following questions.
(1)What is the purpose of the Belt and Road Initiative
A．To satisfy people's curiosity and desire.
B．To invest billions in systems and services.
C．To revisit the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He.
D．To promote cooperation and trade and enhance relationships.
答案：D
(2)What's the main idea of paragraph 5
A．There is an urgent need to study the Arctic.
B．China has cooperated with other countries on other significant projects.
C.China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.
D．The ancient sea routes of Zheng He still have many other places left to explore.
答案：B
(3)What will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future
The__need__to__trade__and__the__desire__to__enhance__relationships.
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1.foundation(found) of mankind's greatest achievements.To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers 2.to__search(search) for sea routes from west to east.However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3.did(do).A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, 4.centred(centre) around Ceylon.
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with the regions to the west of China.Seven large 5.fleets(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.6.Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7.a strong desire today.The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, 8.which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
China has joined 9.its(it) friends across the sea on other important projects.With the latest technology in hand, the need to trade 10.and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
1．How did Marco Polo change the world
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Why should we explore the ocean
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．merchant n.　　　　 A．(调味)香料
2．fleet n. B．舰队；机群；军队
3．behold vt. C．商人；批发商
4．spice n. D．海的；海运的；海事的
5．maritime adj. E．看；看见
答案：1～5.CBEAD
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a fairy tale　　　　　 一个童话故事
2．take part in the league match
参加联赛
3．the English Channel 英吉利海峡
4．strengthen the bond between China and the rest of the world
加强中国和世界其他地区的联系
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．extend__[Ik'stend] vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extended adj.延长了的；扩展了的；详尽的→extension n．延伸；扩大；延期；电话分机线；增建部分　
2．negotiate[nI'ɡ ieIt] vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n．谈判→negotiable adj.可谈判的；可协商的
3．royal['r I l] adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的→royalty n．王室成员
4．withdraw[wI 'dr ] vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离→withdrawal n．撤回；退出(组织)；收回
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The ship, which was fully loaded with goods, set__sail(起航) from the port in the early morning.
2．Most of the applicants were excellent and they all seemed to have some good qualities, but he was in__a__league__of__his__own(独领风骚).
3．The athlete, who had been injured for several months, withdrew__from(退出) the competition, much to the disappointment of his fans.
4．You'd better keep a balanced diet for__the__benefit__of(为了……的利益) your health.
5．With a detailed plan in__hand(在手头), we are confident that the project will be completed on time.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．动词不定式作主语
To__complete__the__great__map__of__the__world(绘制伟大的世界地图) was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.(Para.1)
2．what引导名词性从句
In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what__became__known__as__the__Silk__Road(后来闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”).(Para.2)
3．过去分词短语作后置定语
A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred__around__Ceylon(以锡兰为中心的)(now Sri Lanka).(Para.2)
4．which引导非限制性定语从句
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which__also__led__to__more__awareness__of__each__other's__cultures(这也增进了对彼此文化的了解).(Para.2)
5．“there is a need to do sth.”意为“有必要做某事”
From a scientific point of view, there__is__an__urgent__need__to__study__the__Arctic(迫切需要对北极进行研究) in order to understand climate change and its effects.(Para.5)
B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
1．What__we__need__to__understand(我们需要理解的是) is that the ocean holds countless mysteries and resources.2.There__is__a__need__to__explore__it__further(有必要进一步探索它) to gain more knowledge and benefits.The ocean, 3.which__covers__about__70%__of__the__Earth's__surface(约占地球表面的70%), is a vast and unknown world.
Marine scientists, 4.equipped__with__advanced__technologies(配备先进技术的), have made significant discoveries.However, much remains unexplored. 5.To__explore__the__ocean__in__a__sustainable__way(以一种可持续的方式探索海洋) is of great importance.
The areas explored in the past, marked by various research stations, have provided valuable data.But there is still a long way to go to fully understand this immense realm.
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【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
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set sail　起航；开航
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①(教材P26)However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.　然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始了自东向西的航行。
②(外研选必四U5)Today, some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail, there is little—if any—land on our planet left unexplored.　如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有差不多500年，我们的星球上尚未被探索的土地——如果有的话——已经少之又少了。
③(译林选必三U3)In the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of China's greatest explorers, set sail from Taicang on his first voyage.　1405年夏天，中国最伟大的探险家之一郑和从太仓起锚，开始首次航海之行。
set sail for...　　　　　　 起航去……；动身去……
set aside 保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾
set about doing sth. 着手/开始做某事
set out (to do sth.) 出发；着手/开始(做某事)
set off 动身；引爆；引发；触发
set down 放下；记下
set up 创立；建立；树立；搭建
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)Setting up a new business can be challenging, but it can also be very rewarding.
(2)The merchant ship, which was loaded with precious goods, set sail for the distant port.
(3)Learning English well is not easy and you should set aside some time every day to read it.
背诵点 应用文写作之语言学习
(4)The meeting came to an end and he set down a great number of key points.
(5)地震过后，人们开始着手重建他们的家园。
→After the earthquake, the people set__about__rebuilding__their__homes．
→After the earthquake, the people set__out__to__rebuild__their__homes．
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extend　vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供，给予；表示
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①(教材P26)A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).　以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。
②(外研选必四U5)Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America, Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century.
玛雅文明的范围从现今我们所知的墨西哥的部分区域向南延伸至中美洲，自19世纪被发现以来，它就充满了神秘色彩。
(1)extend to...　　　 延长到……
extend by... 延长了……
extend sth. to sb. 向某人提供/给予某物
(2)extended adj. 延长了的；扩展了的；详尽的
(3)extension n. 延伸；扩大；延期；
电话分机线；增建部分
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)This road extends to the river，where there are many tourists every day.
(2)The company will extend the working hours by three hours every day to meet the production target.
(3)We had an extended(extend) vacation this year and visited many beautiful places.
(4)The extension(extend) of the subway will take several months.
(5)我要向这些年来经常鼓舞和指导我的全体老师表示衷心的感谢。
I would like to extend__my__heartfelt__gratitude__to__all__my__teachers who have always inspired and guided me over the years.
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negotiate　vt.商定；达成(协议)　vi.谈判；磋商；协商
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①(教材P26)Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.
在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人汇聚在一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的了解。
②(外研选必四U4)What really matters is a sound business plan, access to capital, and good management and negotiating skills.　真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划，获得资金的渠道，以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
(1)negotiate with sb.for/about/over sth.＝negotiate sth.with sb.　　　　　　
与某人协商/谈判某事
(2)negotiation n. 谈判；磋商；协商
under negotiation 在商讨中
in negotiation with... 和……协商/谈判中
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)Negotiating with different parties can be a complex task, requiring careful consideration of various interests.
(2)The sports club is in negotiation with a famous athlete to sign a contract.
(3)我将与公司总裁协商新闻公布会的日期。
→I'll negotiate__with__the__president__of__the__company__for/about/over_
_the__date__of__the__press__conference．
→I'll negotiate__the__date__of__the__press__conference__with__the__president__of__the__company．
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
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withdraw　vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离；(使) 退出；提取；收回；停止
供给；脱离(社会)
(1)withdraw...from... 把……从……撤离/撤回；从……中取出……
(2)withdrawal n. 撤回；退出(组织)；收回
[微练]——写出下列句中withdraw的含义/单句语法填空
(1)The army withdrew from the battlefield when they ran out of ammunition (弹药) and supplies.撤离
(2)The company had to withdraw the statement it made earlier because it was found to be inaccurate and misleading.撤回
(3)Tina withdrew a large amount of money from her savings account, which she planned to use for buying a new house.提取
(4)In order to avoid disturbance, he wanted to withdraw his name from the guest list.
(5)His withdrawal(withdraw) from the social circle left his friends confused, wondering what happened.
背诵点 读后续写之情绪描写
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in hand　在手头；可供使用；在处理中；在掌握中；在控制下
at hand 　　　　　　　 近在手边；在附近
at first hand 第一手地；亲自
by hand 用手；手工
hand in hand 手挽手
[微练]——单句语法填空
(1)Having enough data in hand，we can set out to carry out our plan as scheduled.
(2)Even for personal letters，I'd rather use a computer than write by hand.
(3)I don't have my photograph album at hand, but I'll show it to you later.
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
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bond　n.联系；纽带 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
①(外研选必四U4)Taking it as an object of study, psychologists have published various papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional bonding.
心理学家们将其作为研究的对象，发表了各种各样的论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带。
②(译林选必一U1)Comfort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good.
治愈系食物味道很好，并通过与我们快乐的记忆建立情感纽带，总是让我们感觉很好。
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what引导名词性从句
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①(教材P26)In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road.
在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是后来闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”。
②(译林选必四U3)When we work, we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do.
当我们工作时，我们必须不断地练习我们的技能，直到我们在我们所做的事情中脱颖而出。
(1)what可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等，当引导宾语从句时，what放在介词或动词之后，从句中使用陈述语序；what既可表示疑问，意为“什么”，也可表示“……的事物/样子/时间/地点/数量”等；
(2)what在宾语从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语，在结构上相当于“the＋名词＋定语从句”。
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单句语法填空/一句多译/句型转换
(1)Our hometown has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from what it used to be a few years ago.
(2)The moral of this story is that one must see the beauty in what one has.
背诵点 读后续写之主旨升华
(3)根据他所说的话，这个项目会提前完成。
→According to his__words,__the project will be completed ahead of schedule.
→According to what__he__said,__the project will be completed ahead of schedule.
(4)A tall building arose in a place which was wasteland.
→A tall building arose in what__was__wasteland．(what引导名词性从句)
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“there is a need to do sth.”意为“有必要做某事”
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①(教材P27)From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.　从科学的角度来看，(我们)迫切需要对北极进行研究，以了解气候变化及其影响。
②(译林选必四U4)This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.
这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习，而是要承认，通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的，也是有益的。
there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.
　　　　　　　　　 (对某人来说)做某事是没有必要的
in need 在危难中，在危急中；贫困的
in need of... 需要……
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单句语法填空/句式升级
(1)Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students in need of financial aid.
(2)When facing severe environmental problems, there is a need to__take(take) effective measures to protect our planet.
背诵点 应用文写作之环境保护
(3)What's more, children don't need to stay up all night studying every day.
→What's more, there__is__no__need__for__children__to__stay__up__all__night__studying every day.
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．search__for__sea__routes__from__west__to__east
　　　　　　　　　 寻找自西向东的海上航线
2．find__one's__way__to... 找到去……的路
3．a__sight__to__behold 壮观的景象
4．under__the__command__of__Zheng__He
在郑和的指挥下
5．set__sail__from__the__South__China__Sea
从中国南海起航
6．future__trade__and__cultural__exchange
未来的贸易和文化交流
7．from__a__scientific__point__of__view
从科学的角度来看
8．the__desire__to__enhance__relationships
增进关系的愿望
9．drive__China__to__reach__out__across__the__sea__far__into__the__future
推动中国跨海越洋，
走向遥远的未来
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．Union leaders have negotiated an agreement for a short working week.
2．Our football team played up to its best in the last league match.
3．Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of the Cowherd and Weaving girl, which dates back to Han Dynasty.
4．Seeing the videos，memories of the past came flooding back, which further strengthen a firm bond to our school.
5．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写) When we met, I extended(表达) my gratitude for his trust in me, gave him the fare and tipped him another sum of money.
6．(2024·北京卷)But other channels(渠道) of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories.
7．What the manager is seeking is a professional guide to the royal(皇家的) gardens.
8．They withdrew(提取) 100 dollars from a bank account after checking out of their hotel.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．He advertised them of his decision to withdraw__from(退出) the election.
2．The explorer set__sail(起航) for the Antarctic in search of some unknown wildlife.
3．The huntsman entered the forest, gun in__hand(在手里).
4．He has been studying hard in recent years and he is in__a__league__of__his__own(独领风骚) in his class now.
5．The environmental organization is in__negotiation__with(和……谈判中) the factory owners to reduce pollution emissions.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．As foreign visitors are required to be in possession(possess) of passports, make sure you take it before departure.
2．The woman felt very depressed when she got arrested(arrest) in front of her family last week.
3．This judge isn't merciful(mercy) towards anyone found guilty of murder.
4．The ball was in the possession of their opponents(opponent) for most of the match.
5．Staff are encouraged to use the library for professional(profession) self-development.
6．He was accused as a murderer(murder) but released innocently.
7．A mixture(mix) of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game.
8．There was an explosion of applause(applaud) from the audience at the end of the performance.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．The king had mercy on the poor，who in turn applauded the king.
2．As can be seen from the picture, a young man is burdened with such heavy work that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
3．With the help of the old man the criminals were put under arrest.
4．His father is a doctor by profession and has saved countless lives during his career.
5．He always logs in/on early in the morning to check his emails and start his workday.
6．There is no doubt that we should take action to__protect(protect) our planet.
7．The South American country is home to the most successful and admirable team in the world.
维度三　完成句子
1．我很担心即将到来的考试，以至于我晚上很难入睡。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
I__was__so__anxious__about__the__coming__exam__that I could hardly fall asleep at night.
2．当我们看到国旗在体育场升起时，我们都感到非常自豪。(as引导时间状语从句)
We all felt very proud as__we__watched__the__national__flag__rising__in__the__stadium．
3．在我看来，每天早上跑步对我们的健康有好处。(动词-ing形式作主语)
In my opinion，running__every__morning__is__good__for__our__health．
4．看着远处的海岸，我感到无能为力，就好像我们是任由巨浪摆布的小船。
Watching the shore in the distance, I felt powerless as if we__were__tiny__boats__at__the__mercy__of__strong__waves．
5．这幅画被没收了，现在归政府所有。
The painting was seized and is now in__the__possession__of__the__government．
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Using Language】
When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean __1__ it.Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
More exploration means more __2__．The Deepwater Horizon __3__ over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010.Mining for __4__ is also very damaging, especially in the Arctic.Because of climate change, there is less __5__ now, which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north.But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this __6__ cycle will continue.Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong.Overfishing is another problem.Whales and dolphins are also __7__ their meat or for so-called research.Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without __8__．
1．A.traveling　 B．researching
C.using D．exploiting
2．A.waste B．loss
C.pollution D．use
3．A.poured B．spilled
C.purchased D．possessed
4．A.resources B．benefits
C.advantages D．sources
5．A.rain B．snow
C.hail D．ice
6．A.influential B．effective
C.negative D．secondary
7．A.put away B．hunted for
C.put forward D．searched for
8．A.mercy B．patience
C.difference D．caution
答案：1～5.DCBAD　6～8.CBA
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林选必三U2】
With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration, we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind, making our lives safer and easier.One of these is earthquake shock absorbers.Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.Some technologies need further research to better solve real-life problems.For example, liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel, and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.These scientific and technological advances can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including health, energy and information technology.This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space.
Although space exploration demands huge investment, the space industry can actually bring great economic value.It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.At the same time, space exploration can provide a variety of career opportunities for young people.Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage.There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers, mechanics and research assistants.
Moreover, the amazing work these people do can provide education and inspiration for the next generation.For me personally, this is by far the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to witness, and it can be these moments that shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.When you have seen a man walk on the Moon, you grow up believing that anything is possible!
1．What have shock absorbers originally used for the space shuttle launch been applied to
A.Protecting the spacecraft.
B.Saving lives in earthquakes.
C.Reducing the noise in the cities.
D.Improving the building cost.
2．Which of the following is a clean alternative energy source mentioned in the passage
A.Liquid hydrogen.
B.Coal.
C.Oil.
D.Natural gas.
3．What can we infer from the passage
A.The space industry will have no more career opportunities in the future.
B.Space exploration will only bring economic benefits.
C.More advanced technologies will be developed for space exploration.
D.Children will not be interested in space exploration.
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A.The high cost of space exploration.
B.The benefits of space exploration.
C.The difficulties in space exploration.
D.The history of space exploration.
答案：1～4.BACB
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·番禺高二期末) Whether you're looking to start near or far, there are a lot of attractive holiday destinations.Here are four of them.
The Maldives
The resort is a hit with families.Explore different islands, visit traditional fishing villages, and enjoy the natural beauty of each location.Kids can have great fun building sandcastles on beaches and exploring seashell treasures.After sunset, enjoy beach parties, live music, and cultural performances.What you can't miss is eating at one of the world's first underwater restaurants, watching sea animals swimming by.
Bali, Indonesia
Bali is a playground with natural beauty and cultural richness.For risky experiences, there are jungles and a volcano to hike.For a view of Bali against the sunrise, hike up Mount Batur.Then have a Balinese cultural experience, complete with puppet(木偶) making and traditional dancing.The Westin Family Kids Club offers fun activities such as face painting and kite making.
Penang, Malaysia
Thanks to its artsy scenery and greenery, its capital George Town was recognised as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in 2008.Take some family photos as you see many street arts.For a bit of schooling, check out the Made In Penang Interactive Museum which is home to murals (壁画) and displays for history enthusiasts.Kids can enjoy themselves in a kids club and a teddy bear-themed museum.
Istanbul, Tirkiye
With a rich history and diverse culture, the city is a destination for all ages.For a unique learning experience, explore the Topkapi Palace.Then check out Miniatirk, a large park with replicas (复制品) of famous Turkish landmarks.The Istanbul Toy Museum arouses children's imagination with its collection of toys.Keep your eyes open for the puppet shows too!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同的旅游目的地。
1．What can tourists do in the Maldives
A.Hold free concerts at night.
B.Visit an underwater ocean park.
C.Have a special dining experience.
D.Visit a museum featuring fishing.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据The Maldives部分中的“What you can't miss is eating...watching sea animals swimming by.”可知，游客在马尔代夫可以在能够观赏海洋动物游过的水下餐厅用餐，这是一种特殊的体验。
2．Which destination would an adventure enthusiast most probably choose
A.The Maldives.
B.Bali, Indonesia.
C.Penang, Malaysia.
D.Istanbul, Tirkiye.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据Bali, Indonesia部分中的“For risky experiences, there are jungles and a volcano to hike.”可推知，冒险爱好者最有可能选择的目的地是印度尼西亚的巴厘岛。
3．What do the four destinations have in common
A.They are on UNESCO's List.
B.They are family-friendly.
C.They provide museum tours.
D.They have hands-on programs.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据“The resort is a hit with families.” “The Westin Family Kids Club offers fun activities such as face painting and kite making.”“Take some family photos...a teddy bear-themed museum.”以及“the city is a destination for all ages”可知，这四个目的地都有适合家庭或儿童的活动，它们都适合家庭出游，具有家庭友好性。
B
(2024·盐城高二期末) Ecologists and biologists have long recognised that artificial light at night can have negative effects on the health of humans and land wildlife, including sleep patterns, feeding schedules, and reproductive cycles.
Much research is showing that marine (海洋的) life is also sensitive to artificial light, including extremely low levels and certain wavelengths.Now, for the first time, scientists have quantified underwater light levels for coastal zones around the world.Researchers have released the first global map books of artificial light in the sea.
“These very low light levels that artificial light generates are critically important for biological organisms，” said Tim Smyth, who specializes in marine optics(光学).“But how much of an impact it has on the marine environment hasn't been studied well.”
The research team built a model based on two satellite data sets: one of nighttime light pollution and one of ocean color, which reveals the water's optical properties.The model projects how nighttime light pollution above the water's surface will enter and be absorbed underwater.The results show the depths to which marine species could be exposed to light sufficient to cause a biological response.
The study gives researchers a guide to where they should focus future studies of the effects of artificial light on marine life.Smyth said the study highlights areas where ecosystems are particularly stressed by artificial light.
The scientists found that 1.9 million square kilometers of the ocean experience biologically significant amounts of artificial light pollution to a depth of 1 meter.This represents about 3 percent of the world's Exclusive Economic Zones (专属经济区), the area extending 370 kilometres off a country's coast.Significant areas of the ocean are seeing light exposures to depths of 10 meters, 20 meters, or more.
The depth to which light can go depends not only on the intensity of light above water, Smyth said, but also on the optical properties of the water.For example, in areas with very clear water, light at night can reach depths of more than 40 meters.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人造光对海洋生物的影响，包括最新的研究发现和相关数据。
4．What is the function of paragraph 1
A.To voice a basic opinion.
B.To introduce a further discovery.
C.To present a serious problem.
D.To explain a natural phenomenon.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段主要介绍了生态学家和生物学家已经认识到夜间人造光对人类和陆地野生动物健康的负面影响，结合第二段中的“Much research is showing...certain wavelengths.”可推知，本段是为了引出下文关于人造光对海洋生物影响的新发现，即人造光对海洋生物也有影响。
5．What have researchers done about artificial light according to paragraph 2
A.They have measured the intensity of light underwater.
B.They have investigated the influence of artificial light fully.
C.They have evaluated the speed of artificial light underwater.
D.They have described sea life's exact reaction to artificial light.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Now, for the first time...artificial light in the sea.”可知，研究者们已经测量了水下的光照强度。
6．What is one purpose of setting up the model
A.To show the biological response of marine species.
B.To understand the real meaning of optical properties.
C.To display the principle of artificial light entering water.
D.To predict the possible way of water absorbing artificial light.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The model projects...to cause a biological response.”可知，建立该模型的目的是预测水吸收人造光的可能方式。
7．Which of the following might affect the depth of light entering water
A.The quality of water.
B.The climate change.
C.The movement of light.
D.The sea temperature.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，水的质量(清澈度)会影响光线进入水的深度。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·青岛莱西高二期末) The moment Alok first saw the forest in central India, he knew two things __1__： This forest was the most beautiful one he had ever seen.Besides, he would stop the multi-billion dollar companies with a(n) __2__ to uproot it for the coal beneath its soil.
Back in 2012, the Hasdeo Aranya forest and its 657 bio-diversity rich square miles were __3__， due to its massive coal deposits totaling an estimated 5.6 billion tons.To Alok, the forest known as the lungs of Chhattisgarh State and __4__ to local humans, animals and plants, was __5__．
He wasn't the only one to __6__ this; local authorities had declared it protected earlier, but this was never a law to make it __7__．Soon, the coal in the forest were put up for auction (拍卖).
Alok clearly knew the result of the __8__ unless everyone came together.Out of this, the Save Hasdeo Aranya, an informal grassroots movement, __9__， teaching people about the local laws and rights available and __10__ different groups together effectively.
Now, Alok can __11__ at the memory.His efforts has been impressive.After twelve __12__ years, he was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize, __13__ known as the green Nobel.
Alok hopes winning the prize will __14__ other movements globally and once again focus attention on the forest.“Any tree being cut in Hasdeo Aranya is wrong.We are proud to make it __15__，” he said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了阿洛克为保护印度中央的哈斯德奥·阿拉尼亚森林，发起保护运动，最终被授予戈德曼环境奖的故事。
1．A.hesitantly　　　　 　 B．eagerly
C.casually D．instantly
D　解析：根据上文“The moment Alok first saw the forest”并结合语境可知，此处指阿洛克一看到森林，他立刻(instantly)就知道了两件事。
2．A.standard B．intention
C.ability D．cooperation
B　解析：根据上文“the multi-billion dollar companies”和下文“uproot it for the coal beneath its soil”可推知，这些大公司的意图(intention)是伐树采煤。
3．A.measured B．explored
C.researched D．targeted
D　解析：根据下文“due to its massive coal deposits totaling an estimated 5.6 billion tons”并结合语境可知，这片森林因其庞大的煤炭储量而成为了开采的目标(target)。
4．A.home B．blessing
C.origin D．choice
A　解析：根据下文“local humans, animals and plants”可知，这片森林是当地人类、动物和植物的家园(home)。
5．A.affordable B．invaluable
C.reliable D．usable
B　解析：根据上文“the lungs of Chhattisgarh State and ________ to local humans, animals and plants”可知，这片森林是恰蒂斯加尔邦之肺，是当地人类、动物和植物的家园，所以是无价的(invaluable)。
6．A.recognise B．increase
C.test D．confirm
A　解析：根据下文“local authorities had declared it protected earlier”可推知，阿洛克不是唯一一个认识到(recognise)这片森林价值的人。
7．A.convenient B．timely
C.formal D．accessible
C　解析：根据下文“Soon, the coal in the forest were put up for auction.”可推知，当地政府对这片森林的保护并没有成为一项正式的(formal)法律，所以森林中的煤炭被拍卖了。
8．A.division B．battle
C.study D．attempt
B　解析：根据上文“Besides, he would stop...for the coal beneath its soil.”可推知，此处指阿洛克和大公司之间的斗争(battle)结果。
9．A.grew B．happened
C.requested D．varied
A　解析：根据上文“Out of this...an informal grassroots movement”可知，为了赢得斗争，阿洛克发起了“拯救哈斯德奥·阿拉尼亚”运动，这一运动因此成长(grow)起来。
10．A.collecting B．funding
C.linking D．supporting
C　解析：根据下文“different groups together”并结合语境可知，这一运动把不同的团体联系(link)了起来。
11．A.rest B．smile
C.quit D．stop
B　解析：根据下文“His efforts has been impressive.”和“he was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize”可知，阿洛克的努力取得了成效，他现在可以微笑(smile)着回忆这段经历了。
12．A.promoting B．expanding
C.struggling D．relieving
C　解析：根据上文内容可知，阿洛克一直在为了保护森林而奋斗(struggle)。
13．A.otherwise B．thus
C.somehow D．anyway
A　解析：根据上文“he was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize”并结合常识可知，戈德曼环境奖也被称为“绿色诺贝尔”，otherwise known as为固定搭配，意为“也被称为”。
14．A.alarm B．inspire
C.test D．combine
B　解析：根据下文“other movements globally”并结合语境可推知，阿洛克希望自己获奖能够激励(inspire)全球其他保护环境的运动。
15．A.beautiful B．whole
C.useful D．clean
B　解析：根据上文内容可知，阿洛克的努力取得了成功，保护了森林的完整(whole)。Period 3　Using Language
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1．profession　　A．a combination of different
things
2．mixture B．a type of job that needs special training or skill
3．coverage C．a kind or forgiving attitude towards sb.that you have the power to harm
4．applaud D．to kill sb. deliberately and illegally
5．murder E．the state of having or owning sth.
6．mercy F．to show your approval of sb./sth.by clapping your hands
7．possession G．the reporting of news and sport in newspapers and on the radio and television
8．opponent H．a person who is against sth.and tries to change or stop it
答案：1～5.BAGFD　6～8.CEH
Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure
1．Genre：________
A.Speech Draft (演讲稿).
B.News Report (新闻报道).
C.Argumentation (议论文).
答案：C
2．Structure and Clues：
答案：(1)Problems　(2)pollution　(3)Benefits
(4)manage sea resources　(5)predict events
(6)growing population
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What do the two texts mainly talk about
They mainly talk about the__risks__and__necessities__about__sea__exploration．
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1．Read Text 1 and answer the following questions.
(1)How is Text 1 developed
A.By listing evidence.
B.In time order.
C.By showing procedures.
D.By making comparison.
答案：A
(2)Why does the author mention the Deepwater Horizon
To__prove__sea__exploration__has__caused__serious__pollution.
(3)What is the meaning of “negative cycle” in paragraph 3
A.An incomplete link.
B.One trouble leads to another that worsens the first.
C.A damaged item.
D.An idea that is not positive.
答案：B
(4)What is the the author's attitude to sea exploration in Text 1
A.Indifferent.　 B．Supportive.
C.Opposed. D．Doubtful.
答案：C
2．Read Text 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)What is the opinion of the author in Text 2
A.The benefits of exploring oceans outweigh the risks.
B.There are more disadvantages of sea exploration.
C.There are no problems with sea exploration.
D.People have successfully managed the balance between risks and economic needs.
答案：A
(2)Which is NOT the reason for sea exploration
A.It can help address important issues.
B.It may damage the environment.
C.It may help find new resources.
D.It can help discover new medicines.
答案：B
Ideas vary when people talk about sea exploration.Some think that exploring the sea means 1.exploiting(exploit) it.That is because more exploration brings more 2.pollution(pollute).Mining for resources also leads to climate change.3.In addition, many whales and dolphins 4.are__being__murdered(murder) for their meat or for so-called research now without mercy.So they suggest stopping exploring the sea to protect the earth.However, 5.opponents(opponent) believe that exploring the sea helps truly understand our planet.In their opinion, 6.to__address(address) climate change, it is necessary to do research on sea exploration, 7.which also promotes better resource management.What's more, sea exploration can also meet the need of the 8.increasingly(increase) growing population.9.It is hoped that mankind can balance the economic needs and 10.environmental(environment) protection for long-term development.
What problems do you think humans should pay attention to when exploring the ocean
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．manned adj.　　　　 A．与此同时；(比较两方
面)对比之下
2．submersible n. B．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
3．underwater adv. C．开发；利用；剥削
4．coral n. D．潜水器；可潜船
5．meanwhile adv. E．珊瑚
6．exploit vt. F．在水下
7．gallon n. G．海的；海产的；海生的
8．marine adj. H．有人控制的；需人操纵的
答案：1～5.HDFEA　6～8.CBG
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a tennis tournament　　　 一场网球锦标赛
2．a laptop computer 一台手提电脑
3．raise/cut taxes 增加/削减税收
4．time capsule 时间胶囊
5．telephone directory 电话簿
6．a strong opponent 一个强大的对手
7．log out/in 注销/注册
8．arrest any suspicious person 逮捕任何可疑人员
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．politics ['p l tIks] n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政府的；政权的；政党的；党派的
2．profession[pr 'fe n] n．职业；行业→professional adj.职业的；专业的 n．专业人员；职业选手
3．mixture ['mIkst (r)] n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.&vi.(使)混合，掺和，融合→mixed adj. 混合的
4．coverage ['k v rId ] n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover vt.遮盖；包含；涉及；行走(一段路程)；报道
5．applaud [ 'pl d] vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
6．migration [maI'ɡreI n] n．迁移；迁徙；移居→migrate vi.移动；移居；迁徙 vt.使移居；使移植→migrant n．(为工作)移居者；移民；候鸟；迁徙动物　
7．murder ['m d (r)] vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．杀人犯；凶手
8．mercy ['m si] n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的；宽容的→(反义词)merciless adj.残忍的；无情的
9．possession [p 'ze n] n．(usually pl.)个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.控制；使掌握；持有；迷住；拥有，具备
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The twins are so much alike that I hardly tell__them__apart(把他们区分开来).
2．The storm hit the whole city without__mercy(无情地), tearing down trees and flooding streets.
3．Changbai Mountain is__home__to(是……的家园) a great diversity of rare plants and animals.
4．We will benefit a lot from protecting the oceans, so let's take__action(采取行动) right now.
5．He was reading when all__of__a__sudden(突然), an unusual noise arrested his attention.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．so that引导目的状语从句
We need to understand what is happening to our planet so__that__we__can__take__action(这样我们才能采取行动).(Text 2 Para.1)
[分析]　此句中还含有what引导的宾语从句。
2．动词-ing形式作主语
Understanding__more__about__the__sea(深入了解海洋) will also help us manage its resources better.(Text 2 Para.2)
3．as引导时间状语从句
Hopefully, as__technology__improves(随着技术的进步), we may have more options for managing this balance.(Text 2 Para.4)
4．do强调谓语动词
Actually, people in ancient times did__believe(确实相信) seals and human beings were the same.
5．“so...that...”引导结果状语从句
The son loved__his__parents__so__much__that__he__promised__not__to__swim(如此爱他的父母以至于他承诺不去游泳).
B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
Space exploration has always fascinated humanity.1.Exploring__the__universe(探索宇宙) is of great significance, as it helps us understand more about our existence.
It is crucial to promote the development of technology 2.so__that__we__can__reach__farther__and__discover__more(这样我们才能走得更远，发现更多). To our delight, we have made remarkable progress, sending satellites and probes into space. The achievements are 3.so__amazing__that__they__inspire__more__people__to__join__the__exploration(如此惊人，以至于激励了更多的人加入探索中来).
4．As__time__goes__by(随着时间的推移), our understanding of the universe continues to expand. We 5.do__hope(确实希望) that one day, we can truly understand the mysteries of the universe and make our lives better through these efforts.
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【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
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mercy　n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
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①(教材P32)Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.　尽管这早在1982年就被禁止了，但一些国家仍在残忍地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
②(外研选必三U1) But Quasimodo fails and is captured and tortured in public.Esmeralda hears his call for water, and steps forwards out of mercy.
但卡西莫多失败了，被抓了起来并当众遭受酷刑。埃斯梅拉达听到他要水喝，出于怜悯，她走向前。
(1)show mercy to sb.＝have mercy on sb.
　　　　　　　　　　 怜悯某人
at the mercy of... 任由……摆布；
受……控制
without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情地
out of mercy 出于怜悯
(2)merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽容的
be merciful to/towards sb. 对某人仁慈
(3)merciless adj. 残忍的；无情的
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单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
(1)The small fishing village, which is often hit by severe storms, is at the mercy of the unpredictable forces of nature.
(2)The fierce storm destroyed the coastal town without mercy, leaving many people homeless.
(3)出于怜悯，医生同意为这位贫困的病人免费治疗。(五育并举之德育)
Out__of__mercy,__the doctor agreed to treat the poor patient without charging any fees.
(4)众所周知，这名慈善家很仁慈，她经常怜悯穷人。(汲取榜样力量)
→As is known to all, the philanthropist is merciful and she__often__shows__mercy__to/has__mercy__on__the__poor．(mercy)
→As is known to all, the philanthropist is merciful and she__is__often__merciful__to/towards__the__poor．(merciful)
背诵点 应用文写作之人物介绍
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possession　n.个人财产；拥有；控制
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①(教材P32)The sea is home to life, not human beings' possessions.　海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私有财产。
②(译林选必一U2)...how could I possibly admit a weakness in the one sense which should be more perfect in me than in others, a sense which I once possessed in the greatest perfection...
……我怎么可能承认一种弱点，这种弱点在我身上应该比在别人身上更完美，一种我曾经拥有的最完美的感觉……　
(1)in possession of　　 　 具有，拥有
in the possession of... 被……拥有，归……所有
take possession of 占有，拥有
(2)possess v. 拥有，具有；支配
be possessed of 具有(某种品质、能力等)
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)Please remember to take all your personal possessions(possess) with you when you leave the bus.
(2)The young artist is possessed(possess) of great creativity and unique insights, so her works always attract a lot of attention.
(3)据我所知，他拥有这位艺术家的大量作品。
→As far as I know，he is__in__possession__of/takes__possession__of__a__large__number__of__the__artist's__works．
→As far as I know，a large number of the artist's works are__in__the__possession__of__him．
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arrest　n.逮捕；拘留；中止　vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止；吸引
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①(教材P34)A $5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder.　已宣布悬赏 500 万美元，征集能将这起谋杀案的凶手逮捕归案的线索。
②(译林选必四U1)Anyhow I couldn't arrest you myself, so I got a plain-clothes man to do the job.
不管怎样，我不能亲自逮捕你，所以我找了一个便衣警察来做这项工作。
③(经典例句)He was walking in the street when a slogan arrested his attention.
他正在街上走着，这时一条标语吸引了他的注意力。
(1)under arrest　　　　　 　 被捕
(2)arrest one's attention 吸引某人的注意
arrest sb. for... 因……而逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The criminal is currently under arrest and being questioned by the police.
(2)After getting arrested(arrest), she lost her job and had to face legal proceedings (诉讼).
(3)这名黑客因破坏一家大型金融机构数据库而被捕。
The hacker was__arrested__for__destroying__the__database of a major financial institution.
(4)奇怪的声音引起了他的注意，尽管害怕，他还是决定去调查一下。
The__strange__noise__arrested__his__attention,__and he decided to investigate it despite his fear.
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
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mixture　n.混合；结合体；混合物
(1)mix v.　　　　　 (使)混合；掺和；调配
mix...with... 把……和……混合
mix with sth. 与某物相融合
mix up 弄乱；混淆；搅匀
(2)mixed adj. 复杂的；混合的
[微练]——单句语法填空
(1)In the forest, there is a mixed(mix) collection of trees, creating a beautiful and natural landscape.
(2)This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture(mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
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coverage　n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
cover vt.　 　　　 覆盖；涉及；包括；报道；
足以支付；行走(一段路程)
be covered with... 被……覆盖着
[微练]——写出下列句中cover的含义
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material 涵盖；涉及
(2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.行走(一段路程)
(3)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) Johnson began writing about sports as a second-year student at the University of Colorado, covering high school volleyball games for his hometown newspaper.报道
(4)(2023·全国甲卷) So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.掩盖
(5)He would pay Maria $400 a month to cover half the rent and some other expenses.足以支付
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log　vt.把……载入正式记录；记录
n.正式记录；日志；原木
log in/on　　　 登录；注册；进入(计算机系统)
log off/out 注销；退出(计算机系统)
sleep like a log 沉睡；酣睡
[微练]——单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)If you want to access your personal files, you must log in/on with your username and password.
(2)After finishing his work, he remembered to log__off/out(退出) the computer system.
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
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applaud　vt.& vi.鼓掌　vt.称赞；赞赏
①(译林选必二U2) Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.
另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡·恩尼斯－希尔。
②(北师大必修三U7)The audience did not hesitate to applaud loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years.
当这位著名的作曲家12年来第一次走上舞台时，观众们毫不犹豫地热烈鼓掌起来。
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opponent　n.反对者；对手；竞争者
①(译林选必二U2) A boxer is not allowed to use his or her fists to hit the opponent below the waist.
拳击手不得用他或她的拳头打对手的腰部以下。
②(外研选必一U3) In Rio, the Chinese women's volleyball team needed all of its fighting spirit after it was assigned to the “group of death”， where it faced several strong opponents in the group stage matches.
在里约(奥运会上)，中国女排在被分到“死亡之组”后，需要全力拼搏的精神，对抗小组赛中所面临的几个强劲的对手。
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动词-ing形式作主语
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①(教材P32)Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better.
深入了解海洋也将帮助我们更好地管理其资源。
②(北师大选必二U5) Trying to learn the word “love” was an experience that she remembered well.
她很清楚地记得努力学习“love”这个单词的经历。
(1)动词-ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式；
(2)动词-ing形式作主语和动词不定式作主语时，均可以用it作形式主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后；常见的能用于这种结构的形容词和名词有good、no good、no use、useless等。
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)I find it is no use arguing(argue) with him, because he is so stubborn.
(2)Having a positive attitude to study is(be) the reason why I respect you.
(3)经常读书帮助我们增长知识、开阔眼界。(五育并举之智育)
Reading__books__regularly helps improve our knowledge and broaden our horizons.
背诵点 应用文写作之倡议书
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as引导时间状语从句
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①(教材P32)Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来实现这种平衡。
②(北师大选必三U9) So far, it is still unknown what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up.
到目前为止，我们仍不清楚中中和华华长大后会发生什么。
③(译林选必二U1) Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing.
即使新闻报道从基本相同的角度出发，它们也可能在事实细节上相互矛盾，因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂的、不断变化的。
(1)as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”；
(2)as引导方式状语从句，意为“如同、按照”；
(3)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”；
(4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，常用倒装语序。
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写出下列句中as的含义/一句多译
(1)As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your email as soon as I received it.因为
(2)Challenging as the activity was, everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it.尽管
背诵点 应用文写作之活动介绍
(3)She arranged the flowers in the vase as the designer had suggested.按照
(4)随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。
→With__time__going__by,__I gradually adapted myself to the school life.(with复合结构)
→As__time__went__by,__I gradually adapted myself to the school life.(as引导时间状语从句)
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“so...that...”引导结果状语从句
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①(教材P34)The son loved his parents so much that he promised not to swim.
这个儿子如此爱他的父母，以至于他承诺不去游泳。
②(译林选必一U1) In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea？” has become the local version of “Good morning.”
在广州，早茶是人们日常生活中如此必不可少的一部分，以至于“你喝茶了吗？”已经成为当地版本的“早安”。
(1)“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：
(2)“such...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：
(3)在以上句型中，“such...”和“so...”置于句首时，句子引起部分倒装。
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单句语法填空/句型转换
(1)There were so many books in the bookstore that I didn't know which one to choose.
(2)They are such little boys and eat so little food that we all worry about them.
(3)We had so little time to catch the train that we had to run as fast as we could to make it.
(4)He is so good-tempered a person that we all like him.
→He__is__such__a__good-tempered__person__that we all like him.(such...that)
→So__good-tempered__a__person/Such__a__good-tempered we all like him.(倒装)
背诵点 应用文写作之人物介绍
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．be__home__to__life　 是生命的家园
2．help__us__manage__its__resources__better
帮助我们更好地管理它的资源
3．need__new__resources__for__future__development
未来的发展需要新的资源
4．be__balanced__with__economic__needs
与经济需求相平衡
5．have__more__options__for__managing__this__balance
有更多的选择来实现这种平衡
6．explore__the__sea 探索海洋
7．address__important__issues
应对重要问题
8．improve__our__understanding__of__life__on__the__earth
增进我们对地球上
生命的了解
9．vast__amounts__of__resources
大量的资源
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．Norris twice knocked down his opponent in the early rounds of the fight.
2．Police arrested five young men in connection with one of the attacks.
3．The incident has received wide coverage in the press.
4．Hewitt was knocked out of the tournament in the third round.
5．Afterwards，he seemed to run out of fortune and finally he lost all his possessions(财产).
6．After consulting my uncle who is a psychologist by profession(职业), I know how to keep mentally healthy.
7．A mixture(混合) of fear and mercy seized me，which made me like an ant on hot bricks.
8．We applaud(赞赏) the government for taking practical measures to keep the balance of nature.INCLUDEPICTURE "名著选萃LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../名著选萃LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Laurie Joined the Busy Bee Society
Excerpt from Little Women
美国南北战争时期，一个普通家庭的四个姐妹的成长之路。
Laurie lay luxuriously① swinging② to and fro (来回地) in his hammock (吊床) one warm September afternoon, wondering what③ his neighbors were about, but too lazy to④ go and find out. He was in one of his moods, for the day had been both unprofitable (没好处的) and unsatisfactory, and he was wishing he could live it over again.
The hot weather made him lazy, and he had avoided his studies, tried Mr. Brooke's patience to the utmost⑤， displeased⑥ his grandfather by frightening the maid and after high words⑦ with the stableman (马夫) about neglect⑧ of his horse, he had thrown himself into his hammock to be angry about himself.
Then he heard the sound of voices. Peeping⑨ through the meshes (网) of the hammock, he saw the Marches⑩ coming out, as if on some expedition .
“What in the world are those girls about now？” thought Laurie, opening his sleepy eyes to take a good look, for there was something rather peculiar in the appearance of his neighbors. Each wore a large hat. Meg had a cushion ， Jo a book, Beth a basket, and Amy a portfolio (画本). All walked quietly through the garden, out at the little back gate, and began to climb the hill that lay between the house and river.
“Well, that's cool，” said Laurie to himself, “to have a picnic and never ask me! I'll follow them, and see what's going on.”
Possessing of half a dozen hats, it took him some time to find one. Then there was a hunt for the key, which was at last discovered in his pocket. The girls were quite out of sight when he leaped the fence and ran after them.
Taking the shortest way to the boathouse, he first waited for them to appear, but no one came. Then he went up the hill to take an observation . Laurie peeped through the bushes, and spotted the sisters sat together, with sun and shadow flickering (闪烁) over them ， the wind lifting their hair and cooling their hot cheeks.
Meg sat upon her cushion, sewing gracefully with her white hands, and looking as fresh and sweet as a rose in her pink dress among the green. Beth was sorting the pine cones (松果), for she made pretty things with them. Amy was sketching a group of ferns (蕨类), and Jo was knitting as she read aloud.
A shadow passed over the boy's face as he watched them, feeling that he ought to go away because uninvited ， yet lingering because home seemed very lonely and this quiet party in the woods most attractive to his restless spirit. He stood so still that a squirrel (松鼠), busy with its harvesting (收获), ran down a pine close beside him.
But the squirrel saw him suddenly and skipped back. Beth looked up, found the face behind the trees, and signaled with a comforting smile.
“May I come in, please Or shall I be a bother？” he asked, advancing slowly.
Meg lifted her eyebrows ， but Jo glared at him and said at once, “Of course you may. We should have asked you before, only we thought you wouldn't care for such a girl's game as this.”
“I always like your games, but if Meg doesn't want me, I'll go away.”
“I've no objection ， if you do something. It's against the rules to be idle here，” replied Meg gravely but graciously (和蔼地).
“I'll do anything if you'll let me stay, for it's as dull as the Desert of Sahara (撒哈拉沙漠) down there.” Laurie sat down with a submissive expression.
“Finish this story while I set my heel ，” said Jo, handing him the book.
“Yes！” was the meek (温顺的) answer, as he began, doing his best to prove his gratitude for the favor of admission into the “Busy Bee Society”．
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①luxuriously adv.舒适地
②swing v．摆动
③此处为what引导的宾语从句。
④此处为“too...to...”结构，表示“太……以至于不……”。
⑤to the utmost极限
⑥displease v．使不悦
⑦high words愤怒的话
⑧neglect n．忽视
⑨peep v．窥视
⑩此处“the＋姓氏”表示一家人。
expedition n．探险
此处for表示原因。
peculiar adj.奇怪的
cushion n．垫子
此处为that引导的定语从句。
possess v．拥有
hunt [熟词生义] n．寻找
此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在句中作主语。
out of sight看不到
leap v．跳跃
此处为v.-ing作状语。
observation n．观察
spot v．发现
此处为with复合结构。
此处为v.-ing作状语，sew意为“做针线活”。
此处为v.-ing作状语。
此处运用了比喻的修辞手法，把梅格比作清新甜美的玫瑰。
sort v．整理，分类
sketch v．画速写
此处为状语从句的省略。
linger v．逗留
restless adj.不安的
still [熟词生义] adj.
一动不动的
skip v．蹦跳
signal v．(发)信号，示意
eyebrow n．眉毛
glare at怒目而视
objection n．反对
idle adj.空闲的
gravely adv.严肃地
dull adj.沉闷的
submissive adj.顺从的
set my heel站稳脚跟
admission n．允许进入INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The negotiation(negotiate) broke down because one side refused to play the game.
2．Nowadays, most commodities or services are rated through certain channels(channel).
3．Their business has__been__extended(extend) into many European countries in the last few years.
4．We enjoyed watching folk dances and listening to folk songs and tales(tale).
5．Last night, the gala evening was attended by royalty(royal) and politicians.
6．The book was__withdrawn(withdraw) for the offending passages to be deleted.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．The details of the merger between the two companies are under negotiation.
2．The headmaster has extended an invitation to the mayor to visit our school.
3．The fleet will set sail for Africa to send some machines that help build railways.
4．The company has decided to withdraw from some of its sports sponsorship.
5．According to the symbol on the label, this sweater should be washed by hand.
6．No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California.
7．In a highly competitive job market, there is a need for students to__acquire(acquire) diverse skills and knowledge.
8．Most of the people invited(invite) to the meeting were my old friends.
维度三　完成句子/一句多译
1．没必要担心，因为你的新电脑在保修期内。[there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.]
There__is__no__need__to__worry,__for your new computer is under guarantee.
2．我认为发生这种事该受责备的是你而不是你妹妹。(what引导名词性从句)
I think that it is you rather than your younger sister that is to blame for what__has__happened．
3．这位善良的女士向这位无家可归的男子伸出了援助之手，为他提供食物和住所。
The kind-hearted lady extended__her__helping__hand__to__the__homeless_
_man,__offering him food and shelter.
4．目前，飞行员们正在与航空公司的经理谈判。
(1)At present, the pilots are__negotiating__with__the__airline__manager．
(2)At present, the pilots are__in__negotiation__with__the__airline__manager．
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Reading and Thinking】
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements.To complete the great map of the world was a strong __1__ for the people of early civilisations.Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea __2__ from west to east.However, merchants and explorers from the East __3__ from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
In ancient times, __4__ from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road.A trading route across the sea was also __5__ along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sli Lanka).Here, merchants from China and many other places met to __6__ trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's __7__．Over the centuries, further trading allowed more __8__ of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
1．A.patience　 B．endurance
C.ability D．passion
2．A.trips B．trades
C.routes D．deals
3．A.put aside B．set sail
C.left behind D．put forward
4．A.silk B．salt
C.tea D．china
5．A.changed B．increased
C.reduced D．extended
6．A.admit B．exchange
C.negotiate D．approve
7．A.environment B．cultures
C.politics D．educations
8．A.exploration B．invasion
C.investment D．progress
答案：1～5.DCBAD　6～8.CBA
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林选必三U2】
In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system and would even dare to travel beyond it.This is clearly not the case.The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money.Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.Why do we continue to explore space, then
It is in our nature to explore.From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places.We long to visit thick and wild forests, climb vast mountain ranges, and cross deep oceans.We desire to explore the furthest frontier of all—space.As Stephen Hawking once said, “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet.Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist.Be curious.” That we are fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world, such as that of Chang'e.While space exploration is a reality, we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe.With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.
The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe, such as planets, stars, and all other forms of matter and energy.Exploring space helps address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system.It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets.
1．What did many people think would happen after Neil Armstrong's landing on the Moon
A.We would soon visit other planets regularly.
B.We would stop exploring the universe.
C.We would face many difficulties in space exploration.
D.We would find life on other planets.
2．What has made major contributions to our understanding of the universe
A.Ancient tales.
B.Space investigations.
C.People's curiosity.
D.The round shape of the Earth.
3．What do Stephen Hawking's words in paragraph 2 want to stress
A.The importance of adventure.
B.The importance of looking up at the stars.
C.The importance of sending people to space.
D.The importance of being curious about the unknown.
答案：1～3.ABD
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·扬州高二期末) Looking like something from a sci-fi movie, the SeaOrbiter was designed to tower above the waves as it made its way through some of the most unexplored parts of the world's oceans. It is a breathtaking ship, featuring its underwater platform and advanced science labs.It can host a crew of up to 22 for long-term scientific missions lasting over six months.
Its scale would have been great when seen on the horizon (地平线).While modern ships usually sit flat on the surface and have most of their mass laid out, the SeaOrbiter is to resemble a floating tower, rising to a total height of 51 metres, the height of Nelson's Column in London—with over half below the ocean.
Designed not just to move in the seas, but also to explore their depths, six of the SeaOrbiter's twelve decks were to sit below sea level, bringing the undersea kingdom to life and providing uninterrupted underwater observation for the scientists and explorers aboard.Its goal was to pull back the curtain on one of nature's most unexplored habitats.
Despite covering 70 per cent of our planet, with only 5 per cent explored and less than 20 per cent mapped, our oceans are still largely a mystery.What's more, humans have explored less than 1 per cent of the deep ocean.In fact, we know less about the ocean floor than we do about the surface of the Moon.
Construction of the 1，000-ton ship had been due to start in 2014, but by May 2015 only the first part of the construction was successfully completed.Construction was made possible by a crowd-funding campaign.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“海洋空间站”这一独特船只设计，包括其高耸的漂浮塔形态、水下平台和先进的科学实验室。
1．What is the unique feature of the SeaOrbiter according to paragraph 1
A.Being specially designed based on a sci-fi film.
B.Being shaped exactly like an unexplored tower.
C.Possessing an underwater platform and advanced science labs.
D.Enabling 22 people to carry out long-term scientific tasks.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is a breathtaking ship, featuring its underwater platform and advanced science labs.”可知，“海洋空间站”的独特特征是它拥有水下平台和先进的科学实验室。
2．Why does the author mention Nelson's Column
A.To introduce the distant origin of the ship.
B.To stress the underwater part of the ship.
C.To illustrate the amazing height of the ship.
D.To highlight the floating ability of the ship.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，作者提到纳尔逊纪念柱是为了与“海洋空间站”的高度进行比较，从而说明这艘船的惊人高度。
3．Why was the SeaOrbiter designed
A.To move in space in a usual way.
B.To compete with space exploration.
C.To uncover the mysteries of deep seas.
D.To complete a crowd-funding campaign.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Its goal was to pull back the curtain on one of nature's most unexplored habitats.”可知，设计“海洋空间站”的目的是探索海洋深处，特别是那些尚未被人类充分探索的区域。
4．What do the data in paragraph 4 imply
A.Over 20 per cent of the oceans has been charted.
B.There is much for us to explore about the ocean floor.
C.Humans have explored only 5 per cent of the deep sea.
D.The ocean floor is easier to reach than the surface of the Moon.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，这一段中的数据暗示了海洋，特别是其深海部分，仍然有许多未知等待我们去探索。
B
(2024·山东百师联盟高二期末)The ocean covers approximately 70% of Earth's surface.It's the largest livable space on our planet, and there are more lives there than anywhere else on Earth.Through exploration, we're learning more about its biological, chemical, physical, and geological(地质的) aspects.Exploration leads to discovery, but before we can truly explore, we must map.
Seafloor mapping provides a sense of what may lie beneath and guides decisions about where to explore.While the entire seafloor has been mapped using data collected from satellites, these data provide only a general picture of what's there.Detail is limited on these maps, so some important geographical features like seamounts and objects like shipwrecks (失事船只) remain unseen.
As of 2023, 24.9% of the global seafloor had been mapped with modern high-resolution (高分辨率的) technology, usually fixed on ships, which can reveal the seafloor in greater detail.While almost 50% of the seafloor beneath U．S.waters had been mapped to these modern standards, the nation's seafloor is larger than the land area of all 50 states.Thus, there's still a significant amount of seafloor left to be mapped at high resolution.
More is known about the seafloor than the species that call the ocean home.Seafloor maps can provide information about potential habitats, but they can't identify species on the seafloor or provide information about how they interact with each other and their environments.Scientists estimate there may be between 700，000 and 1 million species in the ocean.Roughly two-thirds of these species have yet to be discovered or officially described, with almost 2，000 new species accepted by the scientific community each year.
We have a great deal more to learn about our ocean and what lives in it, but progress is being made.We learn more and more each year.But the ocean will never be fully explored.Earth is constantly changing, and it's important to understand these changes given the importance of the ocean in our everyday life.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋探索的重要性、海底测绘的现状、海洋生物的多样性以及我们对海洋及其生物的了解程度，并强调了继续探索和研究海洋的必要性。
5．Why is seafloor mapping important for exploring the ocean
A.It reveals all objects on the seafloor.
B.It shows the seafloor in greater detail.
C.It guides decisions about where to sail.
D.It provides a general picture of the Earth.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段中的“As of 2023...in greater detail.”内容可知，海底测绘可以展示海底更详细的情况。
6．Why is the seafloor beneath U.S.waters mentioned in paragraph 3
A.To stress the further task of mapping the seafloor.
B.To explain the standards of mapping the seafloor.
C.To illustrate the geographical features of the seafloor.
D.To highlight the significance of mapping the seafloor.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“While almost 50% of the seafloor...to be mapped at high resolution.”可推知，第三段提到美国水域下方的海底是为了强调进一步绘制海底地图的任务还很艰巨。
7．What can we learn from the seafloor maps
A.The quality of the water.
B.The environment of ocean.
C.The homes of sea species.
D.The endangered sea species.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“More is known about the seafloor.．.and their environments.”可知，通过海底地图，我们可以了解到海洋物种的栖息地。
8．What is the best title of the passage
A.How can the seafloor be mapped
B.What species are living in the ocean
C.Why is it important to exploit the ocean
D.How much of the ocean has been explored
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Seafloor mapping provides...about where to explore.”可知，文章介绍了海洋探索的重要性、海底测绘的现状、海洋生物的多样性以及我们对海洋及其生物的了解程度，并强调了继续探索和研究海洋的必要性。D项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·彬州高二期末) Almost a decade ago, when my son Jack was 16, he decided to take a summer job __1__ solar panels door-to-door.__2__， I had reservations.Jack was an introvert (内向的人), and I feared that he would face countless rejections.Protecting him from potential __3__ would be the best thing I believed I could do for him.
It's __4__ to want to protect kids from failure.__5__， why should they live through the painful mistakes you can __6__？ But failure is essential to learning—in particular, a kind that researchers call intelligent failure.Intelligent failure __7__ when you try something new in pursuit of a worthy goal.Whether it's __8__ a new sport or making new friends, kids will encounter setbacks and disappointments.Without experiencing intelligent failure, children might develop a(n) __9__ of avoiding risk.
Despite my reservations, I finally allowed Jack to take on the job.As expected, he faced many rejections.__10__， he also managed to secure a few sales and the experience generated an interest in __11__ energy to this day.
The __12__ here is clear: Don't let children lose the __13__ to experience failure.Instead, encourage them to try new things.When they encounter setbacks, acknowledge the difficulty without rushing to __14__ their problems for them.When they do get small wins on their own, that makes success much __15__．
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者的儿子杰克在16岁时决定尝试做一份推销太阳能板的工作的故事，强调了让孩子经历失败的重要性，这有助于他们学习如何面对挑战。
1．A.making　 B．selling
C.delivering D．buying
B　解析：根据下文“he also managed to secure a few sales”可知，杰克决定做一份销售(sell)太阳能板的工作。
2．A.Strangely B．Practically
C.Initially D．Normally
C　解析：根据下文“Jack was an introvert, and I feared that he would face countless rejections.”并结合语境可知，起初(initially)，作者对儿子工作的选择有所担心。
3．A.discomfort B．instructions
C.comments D．service
A　解析：根据上文“I fear that he would face countless rejections”可知，作者担心儿子会感到心理上的不适(discomfort)或挫败。
4．A.necessary B．possible
C.complex D．natural
D　解析：根据下文“want to protect kids from failure”可知，父母保护孩子避免失败是出于天生的(natural)本能。
5．A.On the contrary B．By the way
C.In total D．After all
D　解析：根据下文“why should they live through the painful mistakes you can ______”并结合语境可知，此处表示毕竟(after all)。
6．A.predict B．switch
C.arrange D．avoid
A　解析：根据上文“Jack was an introvert, and I feared that he would face countless rejections.”可知，此处指父母能够预见(predict)孩子可能遇到的错误。
7．A.releases B．happens
C.encounters D．explains
B　解析：根据下文“when you try something new in pursuit of a worthy goal”可知，智慧型失败会在你为追求一个有价值的目标而尝试新事物时发生(happen)。
8．A.picking up B．figuring out
C.calling for D．taking in
A　解析：根据下文a new sport可知，此处指学习(pick up)一项新的运动。
9．A.wisdom B．habit
C.goal D．expectation
B　解析：根据上文“Without experiencing intelligent failure, children might develop”可知，此处指孩子可能会形成一种避免冒险的习惯(habit)。
10．A.Besides B．Instead
C.Therefore D．However
D　解析：根据上文“As expected, he faced many rejections.”及下文“he also managed to secure...energy to this day”可知，此处表示转折关系，However符合语境。
11．A.influential B．fair
C.renewable D．dangerous
C　解析：根据上文solar panels可知，此处指太阳能板，因此是可再生(renewable)能源。
12．A.task B．lesson
C.option D．pattern
B　解析：根据下文“Don't let children lose...try new things.”可知，此处总结了一个教育孩子的教训(lesson)。
13．A.choice B．tradition
C.opportunity D．decision
C　解析：根据上文“Don't let children lose”和下文“Instead, encourage them to try new things.”可知，此处指让孩子有机会(opportunity)去经历失败。
14．A.solve B．create
C.discuss D．explore
A　解析：根据上文“When they encounter setbacks”和下文“their problems for them”可知，此处指当孩子遇到挫折时，不要急于为他们解决(solve)问题。
15．A.wealthier B．bigger
C.sweeter D．tougher
C　解析：根据上文“When they do get small wins on their own, that makes success”可知，此处指通过自己的努力获得的成功感觉更甜蜜(sweeter)。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　单句语法填空
1．I imagined him to__be__working(work) late in the office, but he had already gone home.
2．The experiment is supposed to__have__been__done(do) successfully, yet the results are not as expected.
3．The woman was noticed to__leave(leave) the party at about 10 o'clock.
4．As far as I'm concerned, to love sports is to__love(love) our life.
5．Mary is going out on business, so she cannot help (to)__clean(clean) the office.
6．Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home.They are easy to__care(care) for and make great presents.
7．The ability to__use(use) a language can be acquired only by the act of using the language.
8．They reached the station out of breath, only to__be__told(tell) the tickets had been sold out.
9．My parents have made plans to__spend(spend) their holidays in Hainan next week.
维度二　语法与写作
1．众所周知，她多年来一直在处理这些问题。
She is known to__have__been__dealing__with__the__problems for many years.
2．首先，我们有必要提高环保意识，养成垃圾分类的好习惯。
First of all, it__is__necessary__for__us__to__raise__awareness__of__environmental__protection
and develop the good habit of garbage sorting.
3．他是最后一个被邀请在会上发言的人。
He was the last one to__be__asked__to__speak__at__the__meeting．
4．为了帮助改善环境，我们学校将组织一次以“关爱地球”为主题的志愿活动。
To__help__improve__the__environment,__our school is going to organise a voluntary activity on the theme of “Caring for the Earth”．
5．这次会议的主要目的是讨论新项目。
The main purpose of this meeting is to__discuss__the__new__project．
6．她认为没有必要为小事和他争吵。
She thought it__unnecessary__to__quarrel__with__him__over__little__things．
维度三　语篇填空
1．To__get(get) to school on time, I got up early in the morning.Unfortunately, on the way to school, I was held up in a traffic jam.With a car accident occurring in front of us, the congestion became increasingly serious and it was difficult for my taxi 2.to__move(move) ahead.3.To__save(save) time, we had no choice but 4.to__change(change) our route.Thanks to my taxi driver's excellent driving skills, we managed 5.to__choose(choose) a new route 6.to__avoid(avoid) being trapped in the traffic jam. Eventually, to my relief, I succeeded in not being late.When I talked with my classmates about my experience on my way to school, they reminded me not 7.to__take(take) a taxi, but 8.to__walk(walk).
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·中山高二期末) When you look at the public maps of the seafloor, you can get the impression that the job of mapping the planet is over.However, far from it.
Even these seemingly precise representations, often based on satellite estimates of ocean depths, are not particularly revealing.They're rather like throwing a wet blanket over a table set for a fancy dinner party.You might see the outlines of a big table surrounded by a dozen chairs, perhaps some drinking glasses if the blanket's really wet.But that's about it.You wouldn't see the plates, let alone what's for dinner.Satellite data, in other words, only give a rough idea of what lies beneath the sea.
That's why exploration and mapping, and making the data open source, would be necessary for the betterment of all citizens, not just in economic terms but in opportunities for unexpected discoveries.
In one way or another I've been exploring and mapping the ocean since 1967.In 2013 I mounted the latest multi-beam sonar (多波束声纳) on Nautilus, a large ship operated by the Ocean Exploration Trust, the nonprofit education and research organization I founded.The set of instruments can make highly accurate 3-D maps, detect if the seafloor is hard or soft, and can even discover oil and gas in the water column.One of our standout missions included surveys over natural gas seeps (渗漏) in the Gulf of Mexico, where Nautilus mapped the wreck (残骸) of the U-166, the only German U-boat known to be sunk during World War Ⅱ.
All in all, Nautilus has helped us map nearly 40，000 square miles of seafloor—a vast area the size of Kentucky, but a__drop__in__the__bucket compared with what's left to do.Next year's expeditions include trips south of the Equator for the first time, where the ocean covers more than 80 percent of the area and where few other explorers have ever been.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绘制地球的地图并不是一件容易的事情，仍然有很多未被涉及，未被了解的海洋需要我们继续去探索。
1．What can we infer from paragraph 2
A.It is not necessary to map the planet.
B.There is a wet blanket on the dinner table.
C.Satellite data give a general picture of the ocean.
D.We know exactly what is happening under the sea.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Satellite data, in other words, only give a rough idea of what lies beneath the sea.”可推知，卫星数据提供了海洋的大致情况。
2．What do we know about “Nautilus”？
A.It has been to the Gulf of Mexico.
B.It is operated by the author himself.
C.It discovered a new type of marine life.
D.It was originally built for military purposes.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One of our standout missions...in the Gulf of Mexico, where Nautilus mapped the wreck...during World War Ⅱ.”可知，“鹦鹉螺号”去过墨西哥湾。
3．What does the underlined phrase “a drop in the bucket” in paragraph 5 imply
A.Kentucky covers a big area.
B.A lot of areas are still unmapped.
C.Nautilus has made great contributions.
D.The previous expeditions are insignificant.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，“鹦鹉螺号”已经绘制了近40 000平方英里的海底地图，但还有大多数的海洋地区几乎没有探险家去过，即没有绘制过地图，由此可推知，画线短语表示“许多地区仍未绘制地图”。
4．What is probably the author
A.An official. B．A detective.
C.An explorer. D．A businessman.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In one way or another...and research organization I founded.”可知，作者一直在探索和绘制海洋地图，由此可推知，作者是一个探险家。
B
(2024·滨州高二期末)On June 6，1944, the Allied forces stormed the beaches of Normandy and took the Nazis by surprise in the largest sea-to-land invasion in history.This would be remembered as D-Day.It ultimately led to the end of World War Ⅱ in Europe.However, this planned attack wouldn't have been possible without deep, specific knowledge of ocean tides.
Earthly tides have a lot to do with celestial bodies(天体) beyond our planet.They are contingent__upon the Sun, the Moon and the Earth gravitationally pulling on each other.
One way to visualize this is to think of the Earth being entirely covered in water—like being engulfed in a giant water droplet.When the Sun and the Moon pull on this huge droplet, the water bulges (凸出) where those gravitation all pulls are strongest.As Dusek explains, “If I'm standing on this water—covered the Earth at a point somewhere, the Earth is rotating underneath this water.And so as I pass one of these bulges, I'm experiencing a high tide.And then as I get past it, I experience a low tide.”
But the connection between the tides and the Moon goes deeper.The tides also vary according to the phase of the Moon.When there is a full or new Moon, the tides are at their most extreme.Humans have long been aware of these changes to the ocean.People have been charting tides for over a thousand years—and discussing them for thousands of years longer.
In modern times, understanding tides not only helps win battles, but also affects how we ship goods globally and where we build homes.That's why NOAA has put out a report capable of predicting coastal flooding up to a year in advance.Scientists also hope to harness tides as a green energy source.Underwater turbines can generate power when strategically positioned in areas with strong tides like the Bay of Fundy.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球上的潮汐与地球以外的天体之间的关系。
5．Why is D-Day mentioned in paragraph 1
A.To present the effects of D-Day.
B.To stress the importance of D-Day.
C.To introduce the topic.
D.To highlight the background.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知，第一段提到了诺曼底登陆日是为了引出文章主题。
6．What does the underlined phrase “contingent upon” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Dependent on.
B.Content with.
C.Dedicated to.
D.Opposed to.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在段内容可知，地球上的潮汐取决于太阳、月球和地球相互之间的引力作用。故画线短语意为“取决于”。
7．Which below affects the change of ocean tides according to the passage
A.Lunar phase.
B.Human activities.
C.Huge droplet.
D.Coastal flooding.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The tides also vary according to...at their most extreme.”可知，月相影响了海洋潮汐的变化。
8．What's the last paragraph mainly about
A.The causes of tides.
B.The variations of tides.
C.The drawbacks of tides.
D.The applications of tides.
D　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段主要讲潮汐的应用。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·邵阳高二期末) Every New Year, thousands of people decide to change their lives.Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous.1.________．　
Not aiming high enough.While it's easy to think setting easy goals will keep you motivated, it may harm your long-term motivation.If you make goals that are too achievable, you'll get bored and lose interest.2.________．If you're used to staying within your comfort zone, you'll be missing out on the satisfaction of achieving a life-changing goal.When you push yourself, you'll be able to build unshakable confidence as you achieve goal after goal.
3．________．This is a fear many of us deal with.Instead of taking action, we start worrying about “What if？” “What if it doesn't work out What if my dream isn't truly my dream What if I don't succeed？” If you have trouble creating a vision, then you're at the risk of being aimless through life.4.________．You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, “What would my ideal life look like？”
Letting fear control your mind and actions.Fear can prevent you from achieving your dreams.You'll miss out on opportunities in life if you don't learn how to manage your fears.5.________． One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear.With deep introspection (反省), you can uncover the exact moment when those fears are holding you back from growing.This will give you a window of opportunity to communicate with your inner being and find release.
A.Lacking self-confidence
B.Being uncertain about the future
C.Fortunately, fear can be overcome
D.Below you'll find some common reasons why you're losing motivation
E.Many of us are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure
F.Ideally, you want to strike a balance between pushing yourself and creating realistic goals
G.However, when you find your purpose and passion, you'll be driven to struggle for excellence　
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了导致我们失去动力的常见原因以及如何去分别克服它们。
1．D　解析：根据上文“Every New Year，...and that figure is being generous.”可知，本段说明多数人难以坚持自己的计划。并结合下文“Not aiming high enough.”可知，文章接下来是说明原因。D项引出下文，符合语境。
2．F　解析：根据空前“If you make goals that are too achievable, you'll get bored and lose interest.”可知，本段讲述目标过低的情况。空处应与正确设定目标有关。F项承接上文，符合语境，且选项中的pushing yourself与下文中的push yourself相呼应。
3．B　解析：空处位于段首，为本段主旨句。根据下文worrying about和段中多次提到的“What if...”可知，本段介绍的是不确定的情况，B项符合语境。
4．G　解析：根据设空处上下文内容并结合语境可推知，空处应与找到自己的目标有关。G项承上启下，符合语境，且选项中的purpose与空后的life purpose相呼应。
5．C　解析：根据设空处上下文内容并结合语境可推知，空处应与管理或克服恐惧有关。C项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·中山高二期末) Oceans cover about 70 percent of the Earth's surface, yet even today their depths remain largely unexplored.Scientists estimate between 90 and 95 percent of the deep sea remains 1.____________(mystery).The deep sea is 2.____________(true) the planet's final frontier.
The term “deep sea” doesn't have 3.____________ same meaning to everyone.To fishermen, the deep sea is any part of the ocean beyond the relatively shallow continental shelf.To scientists, the deep sea is the lowest part of the ocean, located below the thermocline (温跃层) 4.____________ heating and cooling effects from sunlight stop 5.____________(have) an effect, and above the sea floor.This is the part of the ocean 6.____________(deep) than 1，800 meters.
It's difficult 7.____________(research) the depths because they are permanently dark, extremely cold and 8.____________ high pressure.From the time of Pliny until the end of the 19th century, people believed the deep sea was a lifeless wasteland.Modern scientists recognise the deep sea as the largest habitat on the planet.Special tools 9.____________(develop) by humans over the past few decades to explore this cold and dark environment.Deep sea exploration involves multiple 10.____________(discipline), such as oceanography, biology, geography, archaeology, and engineering.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了深海勘探历史与技术。
1．mysterious　解析：考查形容词。remains为连系动词，空处应用形容词作表语。
2．truly　解析：考查副词。空处应用副词形式作状语，修饰系动词is。
3．the　解析：考查冠词。same前常用定冠词the，为固定用法。
4．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词thermocline，应用关系副词where。
5．having　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处指“阳光的加热和冷却效应不再起作用”，stop doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“停止做某事”。
6．deeper　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用形容词比较级。
7．to research　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，It作形式主语，空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。
8．under　解析：考查介词。under high pressure为固定短语，意为“在高压之下”。
9．have been developed　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为本句谓语动词。主语Special tools和动词develop之间是被动关系，并结合时间状语over the past few decades可知，空处应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。
10．disciplines　解析：考查名词复数。discipline是可数名词，根据空前的multiple可知，应用名词复数形式。Period 4　Writing
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INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作一　应用文写作——辩论式议论文
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近年来，我国经济发展迅速，与此同时，环境污染也越来越严重，经济发展与环境保护之间的关系一直为社会各界所关注。假定你是李华，下面是你班同学的讨论结果，请你就此给某英文报社写一篇文章，介绍讨论情况并简要阐述自己的观点。内容包括：
1．一些同学认为经济发展不应以环境为代价。理由：现在的环境问题很大程度上是由经济发展造成的；
2．另一些同学认为经济发展不应考虑环境问题。理由： 发展经济必然带来环境问题，等以后有了钱和时间再来解决；
3．你的观点。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：不可避免的(unavoidable)
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1．我写信是想告诉你我们班同学就经济发展与环境保护关系所进行的讨论。
I'm writing to tell you about the discussion held by our class on the relationship between economic development and environment protection．
2．一些学生认为我们不应该为了经济而牺牲环境。
Some students believe we should never sacrifice environment for economy．
3．他们认为目前的环境问题很大程度上是由经济的快速发展造成的。
They think the present environmental problems are largely caused by rapid economic development．
4．其他学生认为现在没有必要考虑环境问题，因为经济发展是第一位的。
Other students think it unnecessary to consider environmental problems
now because economic development comes first.
5．他们认为环境问题可以在我们以后有时间和金钱的时候解决。
They believe that environmental problems can be dealt with later when we have the time and money.
6．经济发展的目的是为人民提供舒适且幸福的生活。
The purpose of economic development is to provide a comfortable and happy life for people．
7．我们应该以可持续发展为目标，在两者之间找到平衡。
We should aim at sustainable development and find a balance between the two.
8．我们能够拥有一个光明、有前途的未来。
We can have a bright and promising future．
9．【读教材原句】　(教材P27)From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
【记句式】　“there is a need to do sth.”意为“有必要做某事”
【学仿写】　用“there is a need to do sth.”句型改写句4
Other students think there is no need to consider environmental problems now because economic development comes first.
10．【读教材原句】　(教材P32)We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.
【记句式】　so that引导目的状语从句
【学仿写】　用so that引导目的状语从句合并句7和句8
We should aim at sustainable development and find a balance between the two so that we can have a bright and promising future.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Editor，
I'm writing to tell you about the discussion held by our class on the relationship between economic development and environment protection.
Some students believe we should never sacrifice environment for economy.They think the present environmental problems are largely caused by rapid economic development.However, other students think there is no need to consider environmental problems now because economic development comes first.They believe that environmental problems can be dealt with later when we have the time and money.
I think the second view is completely wrong.The purpose of economic development is to provide a comfortable and happy life for people. We should aim at sustainable development and find a balance between the two so that we can have a bright and promising future.
Yours，
Li Hua
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最近，你班同学就“Is It Better to Employ Self-study or Teamwork Study？” 进行了讨论，大家观点不一。请你根据表格提示写一篇短文，介绍此次讨论的情况并阐述自己的观点，然后发表在校报上。
独立学习更好(55%) 合作学习更好(45%) 你的观点
1.免于被他人干扰；2．有助于培养独立思考的能力；3．更容易获得成就感。 1.有助于营造浓厚的学习气氛；2．有助于培养互助合作的精神。 ……
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it is better to employ self-study or teamwork study.There are different ideas concerning the topic.
55% of the students support self-study.Not only can it avoid interruption from others but also it can develop our ability to think independently.Besides, it will be much easier for us to gain a sense of achievement.On the other hand, 45% of the students think that teamwork study can help create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and develop the spirit of cooperation.
From my point of view, both of them have their own advantages and disadvantages, so individuals should choose the learning style that is suitable for themselves.
INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作二　读后续写强效篇——海难中唯一的幸存者在荒岛上求生
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人类的感觉包括视觉、听觉、触觉(直接触觉和心理)、嗅觉和味觉。写作中运用视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉五种感官来描述环境或场景，能使读者更全面地感受到作者想要表达的内容。通过具体的细节描写，让读者代入到作者所描述的环境中，增强语言的感染力和真实性。
请在横线上填出下列描写自然环境或社会环境的句子对应的五感
1．Beautiful stars were dancing ballet around in the deep blue sky.视觉
2．Birds were singing joyously at the break of dawn.听觉
3．It seemed as if I was burning as I stood under the hot afternoon sun.触觉
4．Although darkness had set in, the night was still full of a mix of music and happy whispers, together with the smell of summer flowers.听觉；嗅觉
5．I used all my might to hold the umbrella against the strong wind and rain, pouring down heavily.触觉
6．The beeping of her alarm clock broke the silence of the morning.听觉
7．The smell of food from the kitchen was so pleasant that my mouth watered.嗅觉
8．I immediately jumped back on my bed when my feet touched the icy cold hard floor.触觉
9．The little girl licked at her ice-cream contentedly as she followed her mother around.味觉
10．The whole room was sparkling clean and the floors were as shiny as a mirror reflection.视觉
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]The waves crashed heavily against the rocks, the stormy sea swallowing the once-powerful ship. The only survivor of the shipwreck was brought by the currents to the shore of a small, uninhabited island. His desperate cries for help mixed with the roar of the storm, only to be swallowed by the ocean.
[2]Exhausted and disoriented, he lay on the sandy beach, thanking whatever forces had saved his life. After he surveyed the surroundings, he realized the harsh reality of his isolation. He prayed to God and scanned the horizon for any sign of rescue, but no help appeared. In the midst of despair, he gradually awakened to the fact that he had to survive on this uninhabited island on his own. Driven by great determination, the survivor managed to build a shelter with the driftwood to protect him from the elements, and to store his few possessions.
[3]Days turned into weeks, and weeks into months. The survivor, once stuck in his isolation, started exploring the island's hidden treasures. His routine became a dull cycle of hunting for food, collecting rainwater, and scanning the horizon for any sign of rescue. But the vast expanse of the ocean offered no comfort, no ship on the horizon to save him.
[4]Despite his loneliness, the survivor clung to hope. The sunrises brought a glimmer of optimism, and he kept scanning the horizon, searching for any trace of rescue.
[5]Then, one fateful day, as he returned from a fruitless search for food, he was greeted by a devastating sight—his shelter was on fire, and the smoke was rolling up to the sky! The worst had happened—the fire had consumed all his possessions, leaving him nothing but the clothes on his back. Desperation and disbelief seized him as he watched the smoke rise to the sky, a cruel demonstration of his misfortune.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
“God, how could you do this to me！” he cried. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rescuers explained that they had seen the smoke signal from the burning shelter.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
INCLUDEPICTURE "审要素lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../审要素lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
【Settings背景】
When&Where [1]The only survivor of the shipwreck was brought by the currents to the shore of a small, uninhabited island．
【Characters角色】
Who the only survivor of the shipwreck
【Plots情节】
What [2]Exhausted and disoriented, he lay on the sandy beach, thanking whatever forces had saved his life.[2]Driven by great determination, the survivor managed to build a shelter with the driftwood to protect him from the elements, and to store his few possessions.[3]His routine became a dull cycle of hunting for food, collecting rainwater, and scanning the horizon for any sign of rescue. [5]Then, one fateful day, as he returned from a fruitless search for food, he was greeted by a devastating sight．
续　表
Why [1]The waves crashed heavily against the rocks, the stormy sea swallowing the once-powerful ship．
【Feelings情感】
How [2]In the midst of despair, he gradually awakened to the fact that he had to survive on this uninhabited island on his own.[4]Despite his loneliness, the survivor clung to hope. [5]Desperation and disbelief seized him as he watched the smoke rise to the sky, a cruel demonstration of his misfortune.
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Theme(正能量原则) The only survivor of the shipwreck managed to build a shelter on a small, uninhabited island. A sudden fire destroyed everything. However, the smoke led the rescuers to the island. The survivor was saved and he realized that it's crucial not to lose heart even in the darkest moments.
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每段三个微情节(Q & A策略)：注重衔接和冲突解决原则
第一段段首句：“God, how could you do this to me！” he cried.
[Question 1]　How did he feel
[Answer]　Desperate and sad.
[Question 2]　What did he do
[Answer]　In the depths of despair, he slept restlessly.
[Question 3]　What woke him up
[Answer]　The sound of a rescue ship woke him up.
第二段段首句：The rescuers explained that they had seen the smoke signal from the burning shelter.
[Question 1]　What did he realize
[Answer]　The sudden fire had unintentionally become a beacon that guided the rescue.
[Question 2]　What did he do next
[Answer]　He boarded the rescue ship and left the island.
[Question 3]　What lesson did he learn
[Answer]　Never lose heart even in the darkest moments.
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遣词造句：五感描写自然环境和社会环境
语言协同原则：应用高级词汇、句型和语法结构
INCLUDEPICTURE "品味原文LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../品味原文LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．The waves crashed heavily against the rocks, the stormy sea swallowing the once-powerful ship.(视觉描写自然环境)
2．His desperate cries for help mixed with the roar of the storm, only to be swallowed by the ocean.(听觉描写社会环境和自然环境)
3．He was greeted by a devastating sight—his shelter was on fire, and the smoke was rolling up to the sky! (视觉描写自然环境)
INCLUDEPICTURE "协同写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../协同写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．当他跪倒在地时，痛苦和绝望的哭声在空中回响，泪水与咸咸的海风交织在一起。
Cries of misery and desperation echoed through the air as he fell to his knees, tears mingling with the salty sea wind．(听觉描写社会环境；味觉描写自然环境)
2．但当黎明的第一缕曙光照亮天空时，他被一艘接近小岛的船的声音吵醒了。
But as the first rays of dawn painted the sky, he was awakened by the sound of a ship that was approaching the island.(视觉描写自然环境；听觉描写社会环境)
INCLUDEPICTURE "出彩表达LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../出彩表达LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．他的祈祷似乎没有得到回应，现在，就连他辛辛苦苦建造的避难所也成了废墟。
His prayers were seemingly unanswered, and now, even the shelter he had painstakingly constructed lay in ruins. (定语从句)
2．大火不仅烧毁了他毅力的有形证据，也烧毁了让他继续前进的脆弱希望。
Not only did the fire consume the tangible evidence of his perseverance, but also the fragile hope that had kept him going. (not only位于句首引起部分倒装)
3．当救援人员站在他面前时，他疲惫的眼睛里夹杂着怀疑和希望。
Disbelief mingled with hope in his weary eyes when rescuers stood before him. (无生命名词作主语)
4．幸存者突然意识到，他失去了微薄的财产和住所，这似乎是一场悲剧，却无意中成为引导救援的灯塔。
It dawned on the survivor that what seemed like a tragedy, the loss of his meager possessions and shelter, had unintentionally become a beacon that guided the rescue. (what引导主语从句)
5．这艘船载着幸存者走向新的篇章，幸存者带着一个坚定的信念：有时希望会从灰烬中出现，所以即使在最黑暗的时刻也不要灰心，这一点至关重要。
The ship carried the survivor towards a new chapter and the survivor carried with him a firm belief that sometimes hope could emerge from the ashes, so it's crucial not to lose heart even in the darkest moments. (that引导同位语从句)
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“God, how could you do this to me！” he cried. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rescuers explained that they had seen the smoke signal from the burning shelter.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
“God, how could you do this to me！” he cried. Cries of misery and desperation echoed through the air as he fell to his knees, tears mingling with the salty sea wind. His prayers were seemingly unanswered, and now, even the shelter he had painstakingly constructed lay in ruins. Not only did the fire consume the tangible evidence of his perseverance, but also the fragile hope that had kept him going. In the depths of despair, the survivor slept restlessly. But as the first rays of dawn painted the sky, he was awakened by the sound of a ship that was approaching the island. Disbelief mingled with hope in his weary eyes when rescuers stood before him. Bewildered, he asked, “How did you know I was here？”
The rescuers explained that they had seen the smoke signal from the burning shelter. It dawned on the survivor that what seemed like a tragedy, the loss of his meager possessions and shelter, had unintentionally become a beacon that guided the rescue. As he boarded the ship, leaving the island behind, the survivor looked back one last time. The island, now fading into the horizon, as well as the burnt remains of the shelter stood as the witness of his perseverance.The ship carried the survivor towards a new chapter and the survivor carried with him a firm belief that sometimes hope could emerge from the ashes, so it's crucial not to lose heart even in the darkest moments.Period 2　Learning About Language
复习不定式
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INCLUDEPICTURE "要义详析探究语法lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../要义详析探究语法lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
一、动词不定式的各种形式
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(1)(教材P26)To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.
今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。
(2)I felt very happy to have received the gift sent by you last Sunday.
收到你上周日寄来的礼物，我感到非常高兴。
(3)The students are determined to be working hard in order to get into their dream universities.
学生们决定努力学习，以便考入他们理想的大学。
(4)Sometimes to be understood is not an easy job.
有时被人理解并不是一件容易的事。
eq \a\vs4\al( INCLUDEPICTURE "语法拾遗LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../语法拾遗LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT )
上述例句中的动词不定式的形式分别是一般式、完成式、进行式、被动形式。
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句子成分包括以下几类：
　 　语态形式时态形式　 　 主动形式 被动形式
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing
1.动词不定式的一般式(to do)所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(或状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生，其被动形式为：to be done。
2．动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，其被动形式为：to have been done。
3．动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
4．在intended、expected、hoped、promised、wanted、wished、thought等后常用动词不定式的完成式，表示过去没有实现的愿望、期待或计划等。
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单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) These sepals open on warm days to__give(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
(2)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to__be__lifted(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
(3)I intended to__have__gone(go) to your house last night, but it rained.
(4)He expected her to__be__waiting(wait) for him at the station, yet she wasn't there.
(5)The work is believed to__have__been__done(do) perfectly, which is a great relief to the manager.
二、动词不定式的句法功能
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(1)(教材P26)To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
在早期文明中，人们对绘制伟大的世界地图充满激情。
(2)(教材P26) Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.
马可·波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。
(3)(教材P27)The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
这项倡议旨在鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路所经地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
(4)(教材P27)Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.
近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将持续增长。
(5)(教材P27) China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将有助于整个地区的极大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
eq \a\vs4\al( INCLUDEPICTURE "语法拾遗LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../语法拾遗LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT )
上述例句中的动词不定式在句中分别作主语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、宾语。
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动词不定式在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，多表示具体的或某次具体的行为。
1．动词不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。为了保持句子平衡，往往把主语放在句尾，而用it作形式主语。
2．动词不定式作表语
动词不定式作表语时须放在系动词后面，表示具体的动作或将来的动作。这些系动词主要是系动词(am、is、are、was、were、been等)和表象类系动词(seem、appear等)。
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如果句中主语部分有实义动词 do的某种形式，作表语的动词不定式可省略符号to。
*The least I can do is (to) write to you.
我至少能做到的是给你写信。
3．动词不定式作宾语
(1)有些动词后接另一动词作宾语时，该动词习惯上要用不定式形式，而不用动词-ing形式，这类动词主要有hope、wish、want、agree、promise、demand、ask、refuse、manage、learn、decide、pretend、choose等。
(2)think、find、feel、make、believe等动词可用于“动词＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth.”结构中。在此句型中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
4．动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾语补足语的情况：一是在有些动词或动词短语后面接带to的不定式；二是在感官或使役动词后接不带to的不定式(主动语态)。　
5．动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语时，一般放在被修饰词后，表示一个将来的动作。不定式与被修饰词之间存在主谓或动宾关系。
(1)名词前有序数词、形容词最高级修饰，或被修饰的中心词是序数词、形容词最高级时，作定语的非谓语动词形式多为带to的不定式。
(2)当被修饰的词是抽象名词(ability、chance、idea等)时，作定语的非谓语动词形式多用带to的不定式。
6．动词不定式作状语
动词不定式作状语时可以表示目的、结果、原因、条件、方式等。
INCLUDEPICTURE "温馨提示A.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../温馨提示A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
动词不定式作结果状语时，常放在句尾，如so...as to...、too...to...等。有时动词不定式表示出人意料的结果，常在不定式前面加only。
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完成句子
(1)很高兴知道你下周要来参观我们的学校，欢迎参加我们的劳动周。
It's great to__know__you__will__visit__our__school__next__week and welcome to join in our Labour Week.
(2)我的主要任务是使这家公司顺利运转。
My main task is to__get__this__company__running__smoothly．
(3)一旦你决定参加，请填写附件的申请表并发送给我。
Once__you__have__decided__to__take__part,__please fill in the attached application form and send it to me.
(4)他总是一个吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。
He is always the__first__to__bear__hardships__and__the__last__to_
_enjoy__comforts．
(5)为了传播他们的美丽和精神，传统艺术家一直在使用社交媒体与更广泛的观众分享他们的作品和故事。
To__spread__their__beauty__and__spirit,__traditional artists have been using social media to share their works and stories with a wider audience.
(6)医生建议他多锻炼，保持均衡的饮食。
The doctor advised him to__take__more__exercise__and__have__a__balanced__diet．
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The problem is thought to__have__been__solved(solve) with the help of new technology, but further tests are needed.
2．She hoped the children to__be__playing(play) happily in the garden, but when she looked out, they were arguing.
3．Many people find it a hard job to be fluent in a foreign language.
4．To our surprise, it is convenient for us to__have(have) an accommodation at such a remote attraction.
5．These flowers need watering/to__be__watered(water) once a day.
6．The young couple meant to__have__travelled(travel) abroad, but they cancelled the trip due to the tough budget.
7．He hurried to the office, only to__find(find) that the manager had gone.
8．Once his message was delivered, he allowed me to__stay(stay) and watch.
9．I was wondering whether to participate in the competition when my English teacher came by, telling me that it was a good chance to__display(display) my talent.
10．The purpose of new technology is to__make(make) life easier, not to make it more difficult.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．I feel that it is an honour to be invited to speak at this important conference.
→I__feel__it__an__honour__to__be__invited__to__speak at this important conference.
2．To finish the work in such a short time is impossible.
→It__is__impossible__to__finish__the__work__in__such__a__short__time.
3．It is believed that he has achieved great success in his business, which has made him a well-known entrepreneur.
→He__is__believed__to__have__achieved__great__success__in__his__business,__which has made him a well-known entrepreneur.
4．My mother made me do my homework before I could go out to play.
→I__was__made__to__do__my__homework__by__my__mother before I could go out to play.
5．He spoke so loudly that everyone could hear him in the room.
→He__spoke__so__loudly__as__to__be__heard__by__everyone in the room.单元过关检测(三)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation take place
A．In a college.
B．In a bank.
C．In a supermarket.
2．What will the speakers probably do
A．Have a walk.
B．Go swimming.
C．Ride a bike.
3．How much will the man pay for the tickets
A．$18.
B．$20.
C．$28.
4．Why does the woman prefer to go by car
A．It is fast.
B．It is cheap.
C．It is convenient.
5．Why did the man want his money back
A．The food was too spicy.
B．The waiter was dishonest.
C．There was a hair in the food.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the woman ask to go to the chemistry lab？　
A.To check the equipment.
B．To follow the man closely.
C．To do an experiment again.
7．What does the man remind the woman to do at last
A．Go home early.
B．Turn off the light.
C．Look after herself.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What is the woman
A．A chef.
B．A waitress.
C．A taxi driver.
9．What does the man say about the pie
A．He can't eat it.
B．He doesn't like it.
C．He misses the taste very much.
10．Which dessert does the man order
A．The chocolate cake.
B．The fruit salad.
C．Nothing.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Why does the woman dislike the city
A．The air is not fresh.
B．The streets are crowded.
C．It is difficult to park the car.
12．What can we learn about the man
A．He lives near his workplace.
B．He takes the subway to work.
C．He dreams to have a big house.
13．What does the woman plan to do
A．Find a new job.
B．Move out of the city.
C．Keep a pet dog.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Where did the woman spend her holiday
A．In the garden.
B．By the seaside.
C．In the mountains.
15．What have the woman's parents been doing recently
A．Moving.
B．Decorating the house.
C．Enjoying the holiday.
16．Where did the woman live during her holiday
A．In an apartment.
B．In a storeroom.
C．In a tree house.
17．When will the man come for a visit
A．This year.
B．Next month.
C．Next year.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What is the speaker trying to do
A．Introduce a coach to listeners.
B．Do some research about making money.
C．Inform listeners how to be financially independent.
19．Who is more reliable
A．The advertiser.
B．The coach.
C．He himself.
20．What does the speaker advise listeners to do？　
A．Set a goal.
B．Ask around.
C．Make decisions.
答案：1～5.BBCCC　6～10.CBBAA
11～15.CABAB　16～20.BCCBA
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：I'd like to open a savings account.①
M：Sure.Please fill out this application form and make a small deposit.① Then, you'll be all set.
(Text 2)
M：Let's go for a walk.
W：That's boring.Let's ride in the backyard.
M：It's so hot.Why not go swimming instead
W：Good idea.②
(Text 3)
M：How much is the ticket for tomorrow's show
W：It's $10 per adult and $8 per child.③
M：Three tickets please.Two tickets for adults and one for the child.③
(Text 4)
W：How would you go to Shanghai
M：I prefer to take the train to save money.What about you？　
W：By car.We needn't bother to carry luggage.④
(Text 5)
W：Did you have fun in the restaurant
M：It was good until I found a hair in the food.⑤
W：Really？So what did you do
M：I called the waiter over and claimed my money back，⑤ but he refused.
W：Oh, what did the waiter say
M：He said it was spice rather than a hair，but I knew better!
(Text 6)
W：May I go to the chemistry lab before going home, Mr.Liu
M：For what
W：I want to do that experiment once again.⑥
M：Then you must follow me.
W：I'm sure I can do it myself.
M：Well, all right.You can go by yourself.Make sure everything is taken good care of, especially the electrical equipment.
W：I certainly will.Anything else
M：Don't forget to turn off the light before you leave.⑦
W：I won't.
(Text 7)
W：Was everything OK，sir？Would you like me to bring you the dessert menu？⑧
M：It was absolutely delicious and I have eaten quite enough，thank you.However，because I'm greedy...yes, I will have the dessert menu.
W：Ha-ha.Here it is.
M：Is there anything you would recommend
W：The chef's special is very popular.It's the strawberry pie.Then there's the chocolate cake.That's the one I like best.⑩
M：I'll have to give the pie a miss.I have an allergy.⑨ The fruit salad looks nice, but I trust your judgement, so I'll have your favorite.⑩
W：OK.By the way，there's a taxi outside.Did you order one
M：I did.But if it's mine, he's 10 minutes early.Could you ask him to wait
W：It's my pleasure.
(Text 8)
W：I'm sick of living in the city.
M：Why？For the air pollution
W：Not really. It seems like there is always no place for me to park my car. Sometimes I have to drive around for about 30 minutes to find a parking spot!
M：I know，but I still love living here.I think you can move close to your workplace like me. Then you can just get rid of the car and don't have to worry about parking.
W：And it is getting expensive to rent an apartment.I hear that rents will continue to increase.I could buy a big house in the long run if I moved somewhere else.To buy a big house is my dream.
M：I would like to have enough room for a dog and a home office.I guess that is the only thing that would get me out of the city.
W：Well，keep thinking about it! I'm ready to move.
(Text 9)
M：Hi, Pamela, how was your holiday
W：Oh, it was great.This year the weather has been excellent so we spent a lot of time under the cherry tree in the garden.
M：Is this the famous cherry tree you have been talking about so much
W：That's the one.You know my parents have had that tree ever since I remembered and each summer it produces a great many cherries.
M：And how are your parents
W：Oh，they keep themselves busy.They have been decorating the house recently, so I moved to the storeroom.
M：Was that a problem
W：No，not at all.I always like our storeroom.As a kid I always thought it had lots of old treasures，but I was rarely allowed to go there.
M：Wow, I was brought up in an apartment, so there wasn't a storeroom.
W：Well, maybe I can convince you to come with me next year.
M：Oh，I may take you up on that offer.
(Text 10)
M：Hello, everyone.Have you ever seen those ads on TV about how you can be financially independent in three easy steps Well, that is a goal of mine—to be financially independent, but I don't trust those ads. I wasn't sure what was the best way to achieve it, so I asked around and did some research.It was all about getting the right information and making informed decisions.I got a coach to help me. You set a very specific goal，which I did，and this person helps you achieve it step by step. The training isn't cheap, but I think it's the best way to see results.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Art Classes in Libraries
Young Authors Club
Redmond Library
Teens in middle and high school are invited to write stories and share your love of creative writing! Get ideas for your fan-fiction, story or poem.Take part in writing the next volume of the Round Robin Chronicles.Snacks provided.Please register at dtduong@kcls.org.
Date: 16 May-17 May　Time: 4：30 p.m.-6：00 p．m.
After School Knit Along
Duvall Library
Want to learn how to knit Or are you already a knitter but struggling on your latest project Come for snacks, tunes and a community of crafters.Knitting supplies provided, but feel free to bring your own materials.Ages 9 and older.Book 24 hours in advance.
Date: 21 May-23 May　Time: 4：30 p.m.-5：30 p．m.　
Second Friday Arts for Adults: Watercolors
Kenmore Library
Come to the library to create casual art in a relaxed and friendly environment.We will have basic arts supplies, tea and snacks and quiet music.You can also bring your own project to work on! In June, we will have watercolor paper and basic watercolor and brush sets.Registration is not required.Drop in at any time.
Date: 8 June-10 June　Time: 4：30 p．m.-6：00 p．m.　
Sew, Whatever!
Federal Way Library
Explore free-to-use sewing machines with the help of staff.Bring your own projects and practice your skills with a short monthly project.Those with limited sewing experience are strongly encouraged to attend a Sewing Machine Basics class in the Makerspace before attending this class.
Date: 12 June-13 June　Time: 5：30 p.m.-7：30 p．m.　
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个图书馆的艺术课程的相关信息。
21．Which library should you choose if you're interested in writing
A．Redmond Library.
B．Duvall Library.
C．Kenmore Library.
D．Federal Way Library.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Young Authors Club部分中的“Teens in middle and high school are invited to write stories and share your love of creative writing！”可知，如果对写作感兴趣，应该选择雷德蒙德图书馆。
22．What must you do if you want to attend the knitting class
A．Pay for an entrance fee.
B．Make a reservation.
C．Bring your knitting supplies.
D．Attend a knit basics class.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据After School Knit Along部分中的“Book 24 hours in advance.”可知，如果想上编织课，必须提前24小时预约。
23．What do we know about Sew, Whatever
A．It's a month-long class.
B．It is suitable for beginners.
C．It serves tea and quiet music.
D．It provides sewing machines for free.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据Sew, Whatever！部分中的“Explore free-to-use sewing machines with the help of staff.”可知，该课程提供免费的缝纫机供人们使用。
B
It was a perfect summer morning on the beach in Rio de Janeiro.A man set up his umbrella and chair near the water and was ready to read his book.Just then，when he looked toward the sea, he noticed a small shape that came out of the water.It slowly made its way out onto the sand and began to flap (拍动) its wings.It was obviously feeble and tired.
When the creature was just a few feet away，the man couldn't believe his eyes.A penguin？Penguins don't belong to Rio.The man was amazed.He looked around to see if there was anyone else nearby to see this strange sight.
A jogger soon appeared，followed by another.They stopped and stared.It was clear that the penguin was having trouble breathing.The first jogger looked at the sea and said，“Poor fellow, so far away from home.”
The penguin fell to its side.It had swum 2，000 miles, trying to find the tiny anchovies (鳀鱼) that penguins like to eat. Why did the penguin need to travel so far Perhaps it was confused by shifting ocean currents and temperatures—common effects of global warming. The penguin needed help.It would not survive on the hot sand.
One of the joggers phoned for help，and soon some firemen arrived.The man was relieved that the penguin would soon be safe，although he felt a little sad, too.
The event on the beach at Rio happened some time ago.It was only the beginning of penguin migration (迁移) to Brazil.Since that time，hundreds of penguins have appeared on the coasts of Brazil.They come all the way from Patagonia and the Straits of Magellan，southern parts of South America.They land on the sands exhausted and starving, and many of them die.Some are shipped or flown back to colder waters farther south.
Perhaps the experience of the penguins will help us better understand the serious effect of human activity on climate change and on the condition of our planet.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了全球变暖使得原本在南极生存的企鹅出现在巴西海滩上。这一现象不得不引起人类的反思。
24．What does the underlined word “feeble” in the first paragraph probably mean
A．Heavy. B．Excited.
C．Dirty. D．Weak.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的tired及第四段中的“It had swum 2，000 miles”可知，这只企鹅从南极游到里约，路程遥远，所以它应是非常虚弱且疲惫。因此，画线词意为“虚弱的”。
25．Why did the man think it strange to see a penguin
A．Penguins there had already died out.
B．Penguins do not live in Brazil.
C．The penguin was not afraid of him.
D．The penguin was moving very fast.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Penguins don't belong to Rio.”可知，这个男人觉得看到企鹅奇怪的原因是企鹅原本不生活在巴西。
26．What probably caused the penguin to land on the beach in Rio
A．Shifts in ocean currents and temperatures.
B．Pollution in South America.
C．Energy from the sun.
D．Sea ice decreasing.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Perhaps it was confused by shifting ocean currents and temperatures”可知，也许是洋流和海洋温度的变化使这只企鹅迷路，因而游到巴西的海滩上。
27．What is the best title for the passage
A．Beaches in Brazil
B．A Penguin's Life
C．Effects of Global Warming
D．The Penguins of Brazil
D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了全球变暖使得原本在南极生存的企鹅出现在巴西海滩上。因此，D项最适合作文章的标题。
C
Scientists have discovered the world's largest known field of sea grass.They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers: tiger sharks.The work should help protect the sea grass, and also shows a powerful way to explore the ocean.
Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts.They grow in thick fields，known as meadows(草地).Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean's water, and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures.Sea grasses store huge amounts of carbon—the harmful pollution that's making global warming worse.Damaging these sea grass meadows can release this pollution again, so it's important to protect them.
From above, the meadows can be hard to spot, either because the water is too deep or not clear enough.And the ocean is so huge that it's simply not possible to study it all by diving.So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research.Tiger sharks are huge, strong, and deadly.But they also live underwater, are fast swimmers, and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.Between 2016 and 2020, a team of researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins (鳍) of seven tiger sharks.After catching the sharks, the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment, and then let them go again.
The scientists have learned that the waters around the Bahamas are home to the largest sea grass meadow ever discovered and that the world has roughly 40% more sea grass meadows than they previously thought.
The programme shows how useful large underwater animals can be in helping to learn more about life under the sea.Oliver Shipley is a scientist at Beneath the Waves, which led the work.He says animals like tiger sharks “...are going to take us to new places that we didn't know existed.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虎鲨帮助科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草场。
28．What can be known about sea grasses in paragraph 2
A．They help fight global warming.
B．They need to be removed regularly.
C．They mainly live on sea creatures.
D．They grow in deep waters of the ocean.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sea grasses store huge amounts of carbon...it's important to protect them.”可知，海草能够帮助对抗全球变暖。
29．Why are tiger sharks chosen by scientists
A．They are sensitive to sea grasses.
B．Cameras are easily fixed on them.
C．They are the most faithful sea animals.
D．They spend much time in sea grass meadows.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But they also live underwater...a lot of time in sea grass meadows.”可知，科学家们选择虎鲨是因为它们大部分时间都在海草场中度过。
30．What does Oliver Shipley think of sea animals
A．They are dangerous.
B．They are adorable.
C．They are helpful.
D．They are smart.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Oliver Shipley is a scientist...says animals like tiger sharks‘...are going to take us to new places that we didn't know existed.’”可推知，奥利弗·希普利认为海洋动物是有帮助的。
31．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Many new places in the ocean need exploring.
B．Tiger sharks help discover the world's largest sea grass meadow.
C．Scientists have found a powerful way to protect the ocean.
D．Large underwater animals contribute a lot to the ocean.
B　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了虎鲨帮助科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草场。
D
If anyone knows what makes a great children's book, it must be Sussex author and illustrator (插图画家) Jane Hissey.Her Old Bear books have achieved classic status in a variety of formats.
I met Jane at her home in the East Sussex countryside and asked her what she thought the secret of a classic children's book was.“That's a difficult one. I suppose it has got to be related to children's stage of development—for young children, pictures on a page that are familiar; for older children, an experience.The book should be familiar, but it also holds some surprises to keep children's interest.It must inspire and delight them, but there are the things that happen every day.”
After the birth of her first child, she gave up teaching and worked on her own artwork, drawing pictures of teddy bears.An editor from a publishing company saw her works and invited Jane to do a children's book.Over the years, from the first Old Bear book in 1986, her children have made a huge contribution—especially in terms of plots.She said, “I used to give my children the toys to play with—and they had tea parties and so on.One of my bear characters，‘Little Bear’， is the same age as Ralph, my youngest, who's seven now.All the children have joined in my work and, in years to come, they will realise how much.”
“I hope I'll know when people are getting tired of the characters.If ever they did, I think I'd go on drawing them for fun，” Jane continued.“My own children have been very useful to me in my work, but as they are older now, I'll just have to hope that other people's children can inspire me.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了简·希西创作儿童书的经历和对此的看法。
32．What is Jane's opinion about a successful children's book
A．It contains something unexpected.
B．It offers an escape from everyday life.
C．It's more attractive as children get older.
D．It's set in a place known to its readers.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The book should be familiar, but it also holds some surprises to keep children's interest.”可知，简认为一本成功的儿童书要包括一些惊喜。
33．Why did Jane take up writing books
A．She got to know an editor.
B．She hoped to make classic children's books.
C．Her artwork attracted a professional.
D．She wrote stories for her own children.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After the birth of her first child...invited Jane to do a children's book.”可知，简从事创作儿童书是因为她的作品吸引了一位专业人士。
34．How did Jane's children assist her in her work
A．By helping her concentrate on her work.
B．By telling her their own stories.
C．By suggesting characters for her stories.
D．By giving her ideas for her stories.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Over the years...especially in terms of plots.”和“All the children have joined...realise how much.”可推知，简的孩子们在她创作时给了她一些想法。
35．What is Jane's attitude towards her future work
A．Encouraged. B．Uncertain.
C．Tired. D．Disappointed.
B　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“My own children have been very useful to me...hope that other people's children can inspire me.”可知，简的孩子已经长大，她希望其他人的孩子可以给她创作灵感，由此可推知，她对未来的工作表示不确定。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Conflict is a normal part of any healthy relationship.36.________.The key is not to fear or try to avoid conflict but to learn how to solve it in a healthy way.
When conflict is mismanaged, it can cause great harm to a relationship.However, when handled in a respectful and positive way, 37.________.Whether you're experiencing conflict, at home, work, or school, learning skills can help you resolve differences in a healthy way and build stronger, more rewarding relationships.
38．________.It occurs whenever people disagree over their values, motivations, perceptions, ideas, or desires.Sometimes these differences appear trivial, but when a conflict triggers strong feelings, a deep personal need is often at the core of the problem.These needs can range from the need to feel safe and secure or respected and valued, to the need for greater closeness and intimacy.
Think about the opposing needs of a toddler and a parent.The child's need is to explore, so venturing to the street or the cliff edge meets that need.But the parent's need is to protect the child's safety, a need that can only be met by limiting the toddler's exploration.39.________.
The ability to successfully resolve conflict depends on your ability to:
40．________．By staying calm, you can accurately read and interpret verbal and nonverbal communication.Control your emotions and behavior.When you're in control of your emotions, you can communicate your needs without threatening, intimidating, or punishing others.
A．Since these needs are different, conflict arises
B．Conflict arises from differences, both large and small
C．Manage stress quickly while remaining alert and calm
D．conflict triggers strong emotions and can lead to hurt feeling
E．Differing needs can result in broken deals, decreased profits and lost jobs
F．After all, two people can't be expected to agree on everything all the time
G．conflict provides an opportunity to strengthen the bond between two people
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了产生冲突的原因以及应对方法。
36．F　解析：上文提到冲突是任何健康关系的正常组成部分，空处应说明原因。F项符合语境。
37．G　解析：根据上文“When conflict is mismanaged, it can cause great harm to a relationship.”及However可知，上下文形成转折关系，空处应说明正确处理冲突的好处。G项符合语境。
38．B　解析：空处为本段主旨句。根据本段内容可知，本段主要说明了产生冲突的原因。B项引起下文，符合语境。
39．A　解析：上文提到孩子和父母不同的需求，空处应说明其导致的结果。A项符合语境。
40．C　解析：根据下文内容可知，本段主要讲述了通过保持冷静来处理冲突。C项引起下文，符合语境，且选项中的calm与下文中的staying calm相呼应。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a kid, I often suffered from nosebleeds.My parents had some __41__ of traditional Chinese medicine, and they said this was caused by my love for __42__ fruits.Lychees, my __43__， had given me “too much heat”. But it didn't stop me from eating them by the __44__．After we moved from China to Canada, lychees became harder to find.Whenever we drove to a Chinatown, I would __45__ all the fruit markets for my red jewels.
As I grow older, trying new fruits widens my horizons.Just when I thought I had __46__ every pleasant fruity smell in the world, the lulo (奎东茄) appeared at my regular fruit shop.Its taste left me wide-eyed and __47__．The strong, sweet flavor filled my whole house for days.It was such a __48__ smell that I'd rather believe it was picked from a food scientist's imagination.
“What lasted is what the soul ate，” Jack Gilbert wrote in his poem The Spirit and the Soul, “The way a child knows the world is by putting it into his __49__．” Each tasting is a chance to be __50__ with my inner child.The experience is no less __51__ than seeing the ocean for the first time, leaving me __52__ what else this world has been hiding from us.
I try most fruits only several times because I always love newer things.But there is one I keep returning to: the soursop (刺果番荔枝).When it is ripe, it tastes wonderful.Wait just one more day, __53__， and it starts to brown, giving off a terrible smell.Yes, it goes bad fast, __54__ that life is too short.So don't let our sweetest days __55__．“Taste” the joys around us as they come along.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了水果拓展了作者对世界的了解的故事。
41．A.prejudice　 B．knowledge
C．application D．recognition
B　解析： 根据下文“Lychees, my ______， had given me ‘too much heat’”并结合语境可知，作者的父母具备一定的中医知识(knowledge)。
42．A.unusual B．unsafe
C．unknown D．unforgettable
A　解析： 根据下文“Lychees, my ______， had given me ‘too much heat’”并结合语境可知，作者爱吃荔枝这种不寻常的(unusual)水果，导致摄入了“太多的热”。
43．A.option B．recipe
C．favourite D．privilege
C　解析： 根据上文“this was caused by my love”可知，荔枝是作者最喜欢的(favourite)水果。
44．A.half B．pile
C．group D．dozen
D　解析：根据上文“But it didn't stop me from eating them”可知，作者爱吃荔枝，就算吃多了流鼻血也没有阻止作者把它们一打一打吃下去。by the dozen为固定搭配，意为“按打、大量地”。
45．A.search B．purchase
C．consult D．approach
A　解析：根据下文“all the fruit markets for my red jewels”可知，此处指作者在水果市场寻找(search)荔枝。
46．A.checked B．encountered
C．contacted D．explored
B　解析：根据上文“As I grow older, trying new fruits widens my horizons.”以及下文“every pleasant fruity smell in the world”可知，此处表示作者遇到(encounter)过世界上每一种令人愉快的果香。
47．A.tireless B．hopeless
C．speechless D．restless
C　解析： 根据上文“Its taste left me wide-eyed”并结合语境可知，此处指奎东茄的味道让作者惊讶得说不出话(speechless)来。
48．A.rare B．familiar
C．terrible D．vital
A　解析： 根据下文“I'd rather believe it was picked from a food scientist's imagination”可知，作者宁愿相信它是从食品科学家的想象中挑选出来的，说明味道很罕见(rare)。
49．A.mind B．pocket
C．mouth D．heart
C　解析： 根据上文“What lasted is what the soul ate”可知，此处指孩子认识世界的方式是把世界上的东西放进嘴巴(mouth)里。
50．A.refreshed B．reunited
C．recharged D．rearranged
B　解析： 根据下文“with my inner child”可知，此处指作者通过品尝水果来和内心孩童时的自己重聚(reunite)。
51．A.inspiring B．practical
C．meaningless D．memorable
D　解析：根据下文“than seeing the ocean for the first time”并结合常识可知，此处指这段经历同第一次看到海洋一样是难忘的(memorable)。
52．A.understanding B．suffering
C．wondering D．suspecting
C　解析：根据下文“what else this world has been hiding from us”可知，此处指作者对世界充满好奇，想知道(wonder)这个世界还隐藏了什么。
53．A.though B．therefore
C．otherwise D．instead
A　解析： 根据下文“and it starts to brown, giving off a terrible smell”可知，仅仅等待一天，这种水果就会变黄，散发出难闻的气味，此处为转折关系，应用though。
54．A.recommending B．promising
C．ensuring D．reminding
D　解析：根据下文“that life is too short”可知，水果容易坏提醒(remind)着我们生命太短暂。
55．A.set in B．slip away
C．split up D．slow down
B　解析： 根据上文“that life is too short”可知，作者感悟不要让我们最甜蜜的日子逝去(slip away)。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My name is Haroon Ali Kabeer.I am from Pakistan.I'd like to share my personal experience of living and working in China.China is a country 56.____________(fill) with diverse culture, rich history and breathtaking landscapes.
My first impression of China was 57.____________ mix of awe and amazement.On the second day I arrived at Shandong University in Jinan, 58.____________ I did my IMBA.My first few months were a bit 59.____________(challenge) because of the language barrier, but I was able to navigate my way around quickly.After completing my IMBA, I 60.____________(land) a job as a teacher at the Shandong Institute of Commerce and Technology(SICT).
One of the things I noticed was how Chinese people value education.From primary schools to universities, education is highly regarded.The education system in China has been modeled to ensure that students 61.____________(equip) with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in life.
Recently, I participated in a speech contest 62.____________ the theme of “The Yellow River in My Eyes” and I won the third prize.I also got an opportunity 63.____________(learn) the history of the Yellow River and explore the Yellow River estuary in Dongying.
In conclusion, China has become my second home.Living and working in China has been a 64.____________(true) unique and remarkable experience.I have learned so much about China's rich culture and history, met inspiring people and gained a far 65.____________(broad) understanding of the world.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在中国生活和工作的个人经历。
56．filled　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。动词fill与主语China之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。
57．a　解析：考查冠词。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词。a mix of为固定搭配，意为“混合”。
58．where　解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Shandong University，在从句作地点状语，应用where。
59．challenging　解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，应用形容词形式，表示“富于挑战性的”。
60．landed　解析：考查动词的时态。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
61．are equipped　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词。此处陈述事实，应用一般现在时；主语students与动词equip之间为被动关系，且主语为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。
62．with　解析：考查介词。空处后跟名词作宾语，作伴随状语，应用介词with。
63．to learn　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词opportunity。
64．truly　解析：考查副词。修饰形容词unique应用副词形式。
65．broader　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据上文中的far并结合句意可知，空处应用比较级形式。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
为提高同学们的身体素质，最近你校开展了课间跑操活动。同学们对此议论纷纷，有人赞成，有人反对。请你给英语报社写一篇文章，阐述大家的看法和你的观点。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：课间跑操活动(running exercise during the break)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
There is a heated discussion about whether the senior students should spare the time to take part in the running exercise during the break.
Some think it is a good idea, as running just during the break won't take up too much time and will rest our brains, making the study more effective.Most importantly, running can build up our bodies and reduce diseases.However, others disapprove, holding the view that it is a waste of time and causes tiredness and excitement, which will distract us from study.What's worse, we may probably get hurt during the running.
As far as I'm concerned, I think we should take part in it.After running we can feel more refreshed and relaxed, which can help us learn better.
第二节(满分25 分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Resting on my sofa after school, I gazed at my shelf of glistening gold medals and trophies (奖杯).A certain trophy caught my eyes and I picked it up.“Sunshine Primary School 2016 Basketball-Champion.” As I admired that trophy, I began to recall those incidents leading to how I received it.
When I was in Primary Five, I was in the basketball school team.Every month, we would have a basketball match against another school's basketball team.In spite of the amount of training we had, we had never won a single match before.That was due to our lack of teamwork.Our team would argue over little things and then, we would refuse to play after it.Our coach was at his wit's end.Looking at the number of matches we had lost, I knew we had to do something.
During one of our training sessions, our team split into two to have a match against each other.“Three, two, one, start！” our basketball coach, Coach Leong, yelled.John, who was in my team, managed to grab the ball that Coach Leong threw in the air.From the moment John grabbed the ball, he refused to let anyone take it.“Pass the ball to me, John！” I exclaimed.I was at a good position to shoot the ball into the hoop then.To my dismay, John made an annoying face at me.Out of frustration, I leapt towards John and made an attempt to snatch the ball, which turned out to be a battle between John and I．Coach Leong shook his head and boomed like an active volcano, “Children! Is this the type of behaviour I should be seeing from you The match is in four weeks and if you are going to behave like this during the match, you will bring shame to me, the school and yourselves! Don't you even know the importance of teamwork？” Coach Leong sighed and gave us a disappointed look.It seemed as if he had some sad news he hadn't announced to us, but could not bear to do so.I was right.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
That day, Coach Leong announced that he would be retiring after our competition.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The day of the basketball match came.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
That day, Coach Leong announced that he would be retiring after our competition.His voice trembled with emotion as he shared the news, casting a somber mood over the team.Understanding dawned upon us—the upcoming game wasn't just about winning; it was our last chance to honor Coach Leong's dedication and years of hard work.We doubled our efforts during practices, focusing on coordination, trust, and passing rather than individual glory.Through sweat and perseverance, we gradually learned to function as a cohesive unit.
The day of the basketball match came.For one final pep talk, Coach Leong's eyes gleamed with a mixture of hope and pride, reminding us that this game was for him, for our school, and most importantly, for ourselves.Stepping onto the court, we played like never before—passing precisely, communicating effectively, and supporting each other at every turn.As the final whistle blew, marking our victory, tears welled up in Coach Leong's eyes.Holding that championship trophy high, we knew we had not only won the game but also rediscovered the true essence of teamwork.

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