资源简介

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The Review About The Lost Cause
Adapted from Strange Horizons 20240205
In his latest fiction, Doctorow seems to be trying to find an answer to a very problem: what do you do with people who are messing up① every good thing that you and your community might have achieved How do you with people who do not share your sense of reality, of the purpose of a society
The Lost Cause is presented② as a science fiction novel, but it reads more like a thought experiment.
At a plot③ level, the novel follows high school Brooks Palazzo as he navigates④ the world of Burbank, California, thirty years into the future. The effects of climate change are more in the United States by this time: weather patterns have changed, wildfires are rampant⑤ and unpredictable, and coastal cities across the country are at risk of being submerged⑥ due to the rising sea levels, all of which give rise to⑦ refugee⑧ populations moving across the country in search for more habitable places to live in.
Brooks is the son of environmental activists⑨ who died fighting wildfires and was raised by his very conservative⑩ grandfather. Brooks often finds himself at odds with the views held by his grandfather. And this tension lies at the core of the book, in the conflict between progressive initiatives.
Brooks had a very real chance of being a complicated person stuck between two conflicting movements, questioning each of their claims and outcomes. Instead, we see a young man with a firm belief in his —someone who, as a nineteen-year-old, has already considered every possible opposition to his arguments, and is sure that he would never change his mind, and neither would anyone else. Doubt, in the book, exists only fleetingly ， and is intended to underscore his commitments.
This is not necessarily a bad thing. We do need people of steadfast ， unshakable idealism working to make the world a better place. I'd argue that this book's practical idealism is its greatest gift!
This is a book of ideas, of real progressive and actionable ideas. The book shows us an to the doom and gloom that often accompanies the machinations of politics for most people today. That's where the book shines: it imagines a future worth fighting for and provides a solution to nihilism .
eq \a\vs4\al()
①mess up　　　　 搞砸；弄乱
②present v. 显示；展现
③plot n. 情节
④navigate v. 航行
⑤rampant adj. 泛滥的
⑥submerge v. 淹没
⑦give rise to 造成；导致
⑧refugee n. 避难者；逃亡者
⑨activist n. 积极分子
⑩conservative adj. 保守的
at odds with 与……不一致
tension n. 紧张
opposition n. 反对
fleetingly adv. 短暂地
underscore v. 强调
steadfast adj. 坚定的
doom n. 厄运；毁灭
gloom n. 黑暗；忧郁
machination n. 诡计；阴谋
nihilism n. 虚无主义
答案：1.latest　2.to coexist　3.as　4.effects　5.moving　6.was raised　7.held　8.but　9.working　10.an
1.contemporary adj.　A.to exist together in the same place, especially in a peaceful
way
2.coexist v. B.a person who has completed their school studies
3.graduate n. C.an idea or standard that seems perfect, and worth trying to achieve
4.visible adj. D.belonging to the present time
5.ideal n. E.a thing that you can choose to do out of two or more possibilities
6.alternative n. F.that is obvious enough to be noticed
答案：1～5.DABFC　6.E
Please introduce your favourite science fiction.
One possible version：
The science fiction I like most is The Three-Body Problem which gives me surprises and excitement. The novel, written by Chinese author Liu Cixin, follows the story of Ye Wenjie and Wang Miao, two scientists in the very near future. Ye, whose father was an astrophysicist, joins a secret project to contact aliens. Meanwhile, Wang gets into an online video game called “Three Body”. It is about aliens who are trying to deal with life on a planet with three suns. But Wang discovers the game is more than it seems—it is a danger not only to humans but also to our understanding of physics.INCLUDEPICTURE "英RJXZXBX4Unit1LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\2024 PPT 备用\\10月\\14英语\\英RJXZXBX4Unit1LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Period 1　Reading and Thinking
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1.fiction　　 A.the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles
2.bonus B.to say sth. officially or publicly
3.integrity C.to send sb. away or allow them to leave
4.salary D.to hang sth. from sth. else
5.guilty E.feeling ashamed because you have done sth.that you know is wrong or have not done sth. that you should have done
6.suspend F.money that employees receive for doing their job
7.dismiss G.a thing that is invented or imagined and is not true
8.declare H.anything pleasant that is extra
and more or better than you were expecting
答案：1～5.GHAFE　6～8.DCB
Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure：
1.Genre：________
A.Biography (传记). B.Fiction (小说).
C.Prose (散文).
答案：B
2.Structure and Clues：
答案：(1)tested out　(2)alarmed　(3)embarrassed
(4)trusted　(5)completely transformed
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
It__mainly__talks__about__an__experiment__where__a__household__robot__was__tested__out.
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1.Read Part 1 and answer the following question.
What's the purpose of paragraph 1
A.To attract the readers' interest.
B.To make the story interesting.
C.To stress the importance of the robot.
D.To give some background information.
答案：D
2.Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)What did Larry Belmont think of testing out the robot in his house
A.It was an extra benefit.
B.It was his responsibility.
C.It helped improve his house.
D.It could make Claire happy.
答案：A
(2)Why did Claire feel alarmed at the sight of Tony
Because__he__was__more__like__a__human__than__a__machine.
3.Read Part 3 and answer the following questions.
(1)Who did Claire turn to for help when the saleswoman at the clothes shop was rude to her
A.Her husband.
B.Gladys Claffern.
C.Tony, the robot.
D.The manager of the shop.
答案：C
(2)How did the robot Tony help Claire to realize her dream
A.By making her home elegant.
B.By giving her a new hairstyle.
C.By improving her makeup.
D.All of the above.
答案：D
(3)Why did Claire buy the items from the shop
Because__Tony__wanted__the__house__transformed.
4.Read Part 4 and answer the following questions.
(1)Who did Tony suggest that Claire invite to her house
Gladys__and__her__friends.
(2)What happened to Tony when guests would be arriving
Claire__dismissed__Tony__for__the__rest__of__the__night.
(3)What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.Tony falls in love with Claire.
B.Tony will have a rest that night.
C.Tony will stay with Claire forever.
D.Tony needs to be improved.
答案：A
A robot named Tony was sent to Claire's 1.to__be__tested (test) out.He looked like a real man, tall and handsome with smooth hair 2.and a deep voice.
Not only did he look like a human, but he 3.behaved (behave) like a real man.He did everything to comfort Claire.He prepared breakfast in 4.the morning.He even tried to help Claire get dressed, 5.which made Claire feel embarrassed.When he heard that Claire was not 6.satisfied(satisfy) with her house, he began to improve it.When he learned that Claire was jealous of another lady, he helped to improve 7.her(she) makeup and make Gladys and her friends admire Claire by 8.holding(hold) a party at home.
Tony was only a robot, but he could do and think 9.exactly (exact) like a real man.10.What an excellent science fiction story it is!
1.Do you think it is possible for a person to love a robot？Why
________________________________________________________________________
2.If you are a robot designer, will you make your robot more like a human Why
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1.ridiculous adj.　　 A.梯子；阶梯
2.ladder n. B.然而；但是；尽管
3.whereas conj. C.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
答案：1～3.CAB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1.science fiction　　　　　 科幻小说
2.get a bonus 获得奖金
3.admire one's wisdom and integrity
欣赏某人的智慧和诚实正直
4.treat them with dignity 尊敬地对待他们
5.a basic salary 基本薪金
6.paint nails 美甲
7.a successful saleswoman 一名成功的女推销员
8.a lamp suspended from the ceiling 一盏悬挂在天花板上的灯
9.dismiss fears 消除恐惧
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1.appointment [ 'p Intm nt] n.预约；约会；委任→appoint vt.任命；委派→appointed adj.指定的；约定的 　
2.guilty ['ɡIlti] adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n.内疚；犯罪；过失
3.declare [dI'kle (r)] vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.宣布
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1.To test this theory, researchers experimented__with (对……进行试验) human volunteers.
2.His work is to test__out (检验) new designs of trucks before they are put on the market.
3.The man sounds much more__like (更像是) an expert of psychology than a writer.
4.She herself lived a simple or__rather (更准确地说) poor life, but she was so generous to the people in need of help.
5.When she turned__around (转身), she saw the men dragging the boat from the river.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.“more...than...”意为“与其说……倒不如说……”
He seemed more__like__a__human__than__a__machine(与其说是一台机器，倒不如说更像是一个人).(Para.2)
2.it作形式主语
Claire thought it__was__ridiculous__that__she__was__being__offered_
_sympathy__by__a__robot (她被机器人同情是荒谬的), but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.(Para.4)
3.make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make__herself__more__beautiful__and__her__home__more__elegant(把她变得更漂亮，把她的家变得更雅致).(Para.5)
4.现在分词短语作状语
Claire thanked Tony, telling__him__that__he__was__a__“dear”(称他“亲爱的”).(Para.6)
5.完全倒装
As she turned around, there__stood__Gladys__Claffern(格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里).(Para.6)　
[分析]　此句中还含有as引导的时间状语从句。
B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
Once upon a time, a young man was walking through a wood when he spotted an unusual thing.He stepped forward and found that 1.on__the__ground__lay__a__shinning__ring(地上放着一个闪闪发光的戒指).He stood there, wondering what to do. Just then, the ring began talking, “Young man, a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave enough to rescue her, you will gain happiness.Put on me and I will help you.”
The fact that the ring should speak at all 2.made__the__young__man__astonished(让年轻人大吃一惊). Though feeling ridiculous, he followed the ring's instructions. The moment he put the ring on his finger, something magical happened. 3.It__was__surprising__that__he__discovered__that__he__disappeared,__invisible__to__other__people(令人惊奇的是他发现自己消失了，别人看不见他), which made it possible for him to enter the castle unnoticed.He learned that the girl couldn't move forever unless someone destroyed the witch's magical stick.With the help of the ring, he found the magical stick in a golden box, and destroyed it successfully, 4.removing__the__magic__spell__put__on__the__girl__by__the__witch(解除女巫对女孩施的魔法).
The young man, together with the girl, defeated the witch, and they lived a happy life together ever after.This is 5.more__a__beautiful__love__story__than__an__adventure__story(与其说是一个冒险故事，倒不如说是一个美好的爱情故事).
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【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
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appointment　n.预约；约会；委任
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①(教材P2)She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop.
她按照预约做好美甲，然后走进了一家高档服装店。
②(译林选必四 U1)The man who had come a thousand miles to keep an appointment with the friend of his youth smoked his cigar and waited.　那个千里迢迢赶来和他年轻时的朋友约好见面的男人抽着雪茄等待着。
(1)make/have an appointment with sb.
　　　　　　 　　 与某人有约；与某人预约
keep/break an/one's appointment
守约/违约
by appointment 按照约定
(2)appoint v. 任命；委派；安排；约定
appoint sb.(as/to be)... 任命某人(为)……
appoint sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事
(3)appointed adj. (时间/地点)事先约定
好的；指定的；约定的
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)My hairdresser only works by appointment, so I always make sure to schedule in advance.
(2)The university president appointed Professor Johnson to__lead(lead) the research team to investigate the latest scientific breakthrough.
(3)It is an honor for me to be appointed as the guide to show you around Qufu, the hometown of Confucius.
(4)I regret to tell you that I can't accompany you to Beijing at the appointed(appoint) time.
背诵点 应用文写作之道歉信
(5)我需要预约牙医来检查一下我的牙齿。
I need to make/have__an__appointment__with__the__dentist to have my teeth checked.
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guilty　adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
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①(教材P2)Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty.　尽管这完全是清白的，但克莱尔还是感到内疚。
②(北师大选必一 U2)This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.
这让我非常担心，作为一个无所作为的富人，我感到非常内疚。
(1)be/feel guilty for/at/about...
　　　　　 为/对……感到内疚，对……有愧
be guilty of... 犯有……罪；有……过失
(2)guilt n. 内疚；犯罪；过失
out of guilt 出于内疚
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The suspect was found guilty of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment.
(2)I feel guilty for/at/about not being able to spend more time with my family.
(3)The children who did something wrong exchanged guilty(guilt) looks with each other, their heads hanging low.
(4)他出于内疚向朋友道歉，因为他对朋友撒谎了。(倡导和谐人际关系)
He apologized to his friend out__of__guilt__for__having__lied__to__him.
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declare　vt.表明；宣称；公布；宣布
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①(教材P3)She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.　她听到他说，明天他不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。
②(外研选必二 U5)In 2014, Macquarie Island was declared pest-free and the island's ecology is finally on the road to recovery.
2014年，麦夸里岛被宣布为非兽害区，并且岛上的生态终于走上了恢复的道路。
(1)declare...to be/as...　　　　 宣布……是……
declare for/against... 赞成/反对……
declare war on... 向……宣战
It is declared that... 宣布……
(2)declaration n. 宣布
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)All the residents declared for garbage-sorting in new efforts to better protect the environment.
(2)He was angry, but reluctant to declare war on his old friends.
(3)比赛的获胜者被宣布为玛丽，她以出色的表现脱颖而出。(汲取榜样力量)
→The winner of the competition was__declared__to__be/as__Mary,__with her outstanding performance.
→It__was__declared__that__the__winner__of__the__competition__was__Mary,__with her outstanding performance.
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
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test out　检验；测试
test sb.on...　　　　　 在……方面测试某人
test...on sb./sth. 在某人/物身上测试/试验……
test sb.for sth. 为某事检查某人
[微练]——单句语法填空
(1)If you want to know if this new method works effectively, you should test it out and see the results for yourself.
(2)She tested the whole class on irregular verbs to see if they had mastered them.
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dismiss　vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除；驳回；不受理；不予理会；摒弃
(1)dismiss sb.from...　 将某人从……解雇/开除
be dismissed for... 因……被解雇/开除
(2)dismissive adj. 轻蔑的，鄙视的
[微练]——写出下列句中dismiss的含义/单句语法填空
(1)(2023·天津卷)Tightly holding the permission slip from the orchestra director, I ran all the way home after school, and shakily handed it to my parents with a fear that they might dismiss my desire.不予理会
(2)Dismissing her fears, she climbed higher.消除
(3)She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.解雇
(4)The manager dismissed the worker from the factory for his poor performance.
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
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fiction　n.小说；虚构的事
①(外研必修三U3)However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.
然而，新的研究表明，这一故事可能只是杜撰的，而非事实。
②(译林选必二 U1)Another technique advertisers often employ is to link their company or product to a “brand ambassador” —a famous actor, a sports star, or even a fictional character.
广告商经常采用的另一种技术是将他们的公司或产品与“品牌大使”联系起来——一位著名演员、一位体育明星，甚至是一个虚构的人物。
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bonus　n.意外收获；奖金；红利
①(外研选必四 U4)This year, I can pay all my fellow workers a decent bonus.
今年，我可以给我的同事们发一笔丰厚的奖金了。
②(译林选必四 U1)Just like the “starfish boy”， you may even inspire people around you to do the same, which is an added bonus.
就像“海星男孩”一样，你甚至可以激励你周围的人也这样做，这可能是额外的奖励。
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“more...than...”意为“与其说……倒不如说……”
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①(教材P2)He seemed more like a human than a machine.
他看上去与其说是一台机器，倒不如说更像是一个人。
②(外研选必三 U2)But, through their painstaking efforts, Mr Wang and his students do more than repair the clocks—they bring them back to life.
但是，通过他们的辛苦努力，王师傅和他的学生们所做的不仅仅是修理钟表——他们是让钟表起死回生。
③(经典例句)What the saleswoman watched last night was more like a science fiction film than a new product launch.
这位女售货员昨晚看到的与其说是一场新产品发布会，倒不如说是一部科幻电影。
(1)more than＋数词(＝over) 超过，不止
more than＋名词(＝not only)
不只是，不仅仅是
more than＋形容词/副词(＝very)
非常，很
(2)not more than＋数词 不多于；不超过；少于
no more than＋数词 仅仅；只不过
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写出下列句中more than的含义/同义替换
(1)(2024·浙江卷1月)It would have been easy to rely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.超过
(2)(2023·全国甲卷)This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.不只是，不仅仅是
(3)I'm more than delighted to hear that you are coming to our school to give us a lecture on western art.非常，很
(4)He wouldn't have been able to finish the race if he had trained only once a week.
→He wouldn't have been able to finish the race if he had trained no__more__than once a week.
(5)As far as he is concerned, this book is not so much a textbook as a guide.
→As far as he is concerned, this book is more__a__guide__than__a__textbook.
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make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
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①(教材P2)As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant.
出于好意，托尼答应帮克莱尔变得更漂亮，把她的家变得更雅致。
②(译林选必一 U1)The countryside around Nanjing has been famous for its ducks for centuries; its countless waterways make the area perfect for raising waterbirds.
几个世纪以来，南京周围的乡村一直以鸭子而闻名；无数的水道使这个地区成为饲养水鸟的理想之地。
(1)make＋宾语
＋宾语补足语
　
(2)make＋it＋宾语补足语＋to do/从句
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The speaker had to speak louder to make herself heard(hear) by the entire audience.
(2)The long day of hiking up the mountain made you exhausted(exhaust) by the time you reached the summit.
(3)汤姆突然晚到家，这让他的父母很焦虑，他们开始给他的朋友打电话，询问他的下落，确保他的安全。
Tom's unexpected late arrival at home made__his__parents__anxious,__and they started calling his friends to check on his whereabouts and ensure that he was safe.
(4)条件险恶和道路受损将使食物运送和物资补给非常困难。
Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will__make__it__very__difficult__to__deliver__food__and__supplies.
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完全倒装
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①(教材P2)As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.
当她转过身时，(她看到)格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。
②(译林必修二U4)Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
每本书的背后都是一个人，此人的背后是一个族群，这个族群的背后是自然和社会环境。
③(经典例句)On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived.
山顶上矗立着一座老人曾经住过的寺庙。
(1)here、there、in、out、off、away、up、down、now、then等表示方位、方向或时间的副词或者表示地点的介词短语置于句首，谓语动词是be、come、go、remain、lie、run、stand等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装；
(2)主系表结构中，作表语的形容词、分词(短语)置于句首时，用完全倒装；such作表语置于句首时，用完全倒装。
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单句语法填空/句型转换
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Here are(be) some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
(2)Sitting at the table was(be) his mother, who was absorbed in reading a novel.
(3)A little girl came in, with a book in her hand.
→In__came__a__little__girl,__with a book in her hand.
(4)Yesterday, some scientists with notable achievements from China were present at the meeting.
→Yesterday, present__at__the__meeting__were__some__scientists__with__notable__achievements__from__China.
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(1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数保持一致；
(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1.experiment__with__a__household__robot
　　　　　　　　　　　 对一个家用机器人进行试验
2.feel__alarmed 感到害怕
3.on__the__second__morning 在第二天早晨
4.make__herself__more__beautiful__and__her__home__more__elegant
把她变得更漂亮，把她的家变得更雅致
5.accompany__her__to__the__shops 陪她去商店
6.on__a__business__trip 出差
7.facial__expression 面部表情
8.improve__his__social__position 提高他的社会地位
9.with__wonder 惊奇地
10.be__completely__transformed 被彻底改造
Ⅱ.品句填词
1.(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings remind us of the importance of integrity,__compassion, and social responsibility.
2.(2023·北京卷)Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary.
3.No matter how rich you are, you must treat the old with dignity.
4.It was evident that all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty.
5.(2024·全国甲卷)“People started queuing to make an appointment(预约) early in the morning，” says Emile Ducke.
6.The instant the ceremony was declared(宣布) open, all the students in our school burst into cheers.
7.The bridge was temporarily suspended(暂停) due to strong winds, causing traffic delays for commuters.
8.The proposal that he should be dismissed(解雇) was supported at the meeting.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1.He told me that he had__made__an__appointment__with(与……预约) Mr. Adams to discuss the details of the contract next week.
2.I am__guilty__for/at/about(对……感到内疚) the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words can express my guilt.
3.She declared__against(反对) the proposal of building a factory near the school.
4.The new product was tested__out (测试) many times to ensure its durability and performance.
5.The way she speaks is more__like(更像) a professional lecturer, which attracts a lot of people to listen carefully.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.The division(divide) of Europe into different countries is the result of its complicated history.
2.This plant requires a muddy(mud) soil, and therefore a mixture of clay and sand is ideal.
3.They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same calculation(calculate).
4.The situation is so urgent(urge) that we must take an effective way to solve the problem right now.
5.He picked up a handkerchief randomly(random) and handed it to his niece to wipe her nose.
6.The explosion(explode) of creativity in the art scene has led to many innovative works.
7.The athlete's natural talent and intensive training have given her a clear superiority(superior) over her competitors.
8.Deep in sorrow, the man wondered how to fetch help, pacing(pace) up and down in the room nervously.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1.She walked here and there on the playground as if looking(look) for something.
2.They urged that the Science Museum (should)__be__kept(keep) open during the vacation.
3.The experts' opinions are in conflict with each other, making it difficult to reach a consensus.
4.They are all great offers from large companies, and I couldn't turn down any of them.
5.It is universally acknowledged that solar energy is superior to fossil fuels in terms of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
6.In class, I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way.
7.The houses where we lived fell away as we left the village.
8.He grabbed a shirt at random from his closet and put it on, not bothering to check if it matched his pants.
维度三　完成句子
1.直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。(强调句型)
It__was__not__until__recently__that they encouraged the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
2.孩子们对那位女士很友好，好像她是他们自己的母亲一样。(as if/though引导方式状语从句)
The kids were very friendly to the woman as__if/though__she__were__their__own__mother.
3.他的父母督促他放弃玩电脑游戏、专心学习。
His parents urged__him__to__abandon__playing__computer__games and throw himself into studying.
4.她发现自己在将来从事时装设计的问题上与父母有冲突。
She found__herself__in__conflict__with__her__parents over her future career in fashion design.
5.幸运的是，史密斯先生一接管这个班级，就给了汤姆很多鼓励。
Fortunately, the__instant__Mr.Smith__took__over__this__class,__he gave Tom a lot of encouragement.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Using Language】
It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its __1__. I gave it a last __2__， and sat myself in the leather seat.I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.Looking around, I saw my laboratory __3__ as before.Had anything happened I thought my mind had __4__ me.Then I saw the clock.A moment before, it was a minute or so past ten; now it was __5__ half past three!
It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling.It felt like I was being driven fast on a __6__ road.As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was __7__ between night and day.Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew, spread, and __8__ in moments.I saw huge buildings rise up, then disappear like in a dream.
1.A.practice　　　　　　　 B.exercise
C.track D.career
2.A.boost B.supervision
C.check D.imitation
3.A.differently B.exactly
C.intangibly D.approximately
4.A.tricked B.trusted
C.persuaded D.convinced
5.A.only B.still
C.merely D.nearly
6.A.regular B.smooth
C.winding D.muddy
7.A.transition B.division
C.relationship D.indifference
8.A.died B.planted
C.transported D.ploughed
答案：1～5.DCBAD　6～8.CBA
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自外研选必三U4】
Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear people's opinions on AI.
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks to AI, I've got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone.She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her, and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences.For example, she gives me great recommendations about restaurant since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
And speaking of hanging out, I'm hoping that self-driving cars are available soon. Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make judgements based on information.And as they won't be susceptible to human error, they'll certainly be a lot safer.The only thing is that there might be a few machine-learning problems when the first cars hit the market. Still, I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot easier.
Popkid
The technology today is a basic form of AI which can't think independently without programming.Of course, it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI—a truly independent form of artificial intelligence, capable of exercising its own judgement, could help us solve many problems.But have you ever thought about the risks After all, why would an independent form of AI need to consider the opinions and desires of humans We could be seen as a “small” inconvenience that's in the way of a solution to a bigger problem.If we're lucky, AI might think we're valuable enough to keep around.If not, it might wipe us all out!
Even if that doesn't happen，there are other risks.Millenniumbutterfly, you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars, but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs They would just be among the first victims of AI.Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.Even journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports.As it is, almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.
1.What does Millenniumbutterfly think of the self-driving cars
A.They are very convenient but expensive.
B.They are safe but have some problems.
C.They are perfect and have no risks.
D.They are slow and not popular.
2.What does Popkid think of the current AI technology
A.It is very advanced but useless.
B.It is basic and needs improvement.
C.It is dangerous and should be banned.
D.It is perfect and has no flaws.
3.What might happen if an independent form of AI doesn't consider human opinions
A.It will help humans better.
B.It will threaten human existence.
C.It will become friendly to humans.
D.It will stop developing.
4.What can we infer from the passage
A.All the jobs will be replaced by AI in the future.
B.AI will solve all the world's problems.
C.Some people may lose their jobs due to AI.
D.Humans will control AI forever.
答案：1～4.BBBC
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·烟台高二期末)Sharanya, 14, an eighth grader from Challenger School, built a solar-powered trash-collecting robot, which will play a vital role in taking care of the environment.
Volunteering in local city cleanups, Sharanya was always saddened to see tons of rubbish still out there after hours' hard work.“People do have very limited time and resources, but robots don't.They'll collect double the amount and work for longer hours，” Sharanya says.“I learned from a science journal that solar panels moving to always face the sun collect more energy than stationary ones.So I determined to design a trash-collecting robot powered by a sun-tracking solar panel.”
However, Sharanya had no experience in robotics, so it was a completely new experience.She firmly believed there's no instant way to success and that it's just a process of trial and error.Throughout the project, she studied operating instructions repeatedly and had to use tons of power tools and cut pieces of metal to certain lengths.Her dad would come to her rescue whenever she accidentally burned a wire.“It's difficult to follow the scientific method, but sticking to this and changing just one variable at a time gets you the best results，” Sharanya says.
Sharanya's robot has trash and recycling bins and moves with motorized wheels.The device's front and back have object-detecting sensors.One end of the robot has a rubbish-collecting moveable arm with a pan to gather objects and drop them into the trash or recycling bins.This pan also contains a metal-detecting sensor to sort metal recyclables into the appropriate place.A solar panel sits at the robot's other end; extended into the air.Attached to it is a light-tracking device that follows the sun, enabling the solar panel to move accordingly.
In tests, the sun-tracking solar panel generated more power than a stationary one over six hours.And the robot correctly identified an object every time it was presented.It picked up items and accurately classified aluminum cans as recyclables 80 percent of the time.Sharanya is confident that the robot will soon sort plastic and glass by striking the items and detecting the difference in their frequencies.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了14岁的莎兰亚建造了一个太阳能垃圾收集机器人，该机器人将在保护环境方面发挥至关重要的作用的故事。
1.What led Sharanya to intend a sun-tracking solar panel for the robot
A.Her survey findings.
B.The knowledge she acquired.
C.Her social experiences.
D.The extra courses she attended.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I learned from a science...by a sun-tracking solar panel.”可知，莎兰亚在一本科学杂志上了解到的知识使她打算为机器人设计一个阳光追踪太阳能电池板。
2.What does paragraph 3 focus on concerning Sharanya
A.What contributed to her success.
B.Why she didn't fear failure.
C.Whether goals counted in her work.
D.How she was financially supported.
A　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Sharanya had no experience...cut pieces of metal to certain lengths.”可知，这段主要讲莎兰亚不断地尝试和坚持使得她成功。
3.What may be the function of the object-detecting sensors
A.To identify colors.
B.To locate metal materials.
C.To discover garbage.
D.To analyze moving routes.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One end of the robot...into the appropriate place.”可知，a metal-detecting sensor为金属探测传感器，是用来发现收集金属的，而object-detecting sensors是用来发现收集垃圾这样的物件。
4.What does the author mainly want to say in the last paragraph
A.The robot needs retesting.
B.The robot reaches no desired effect.
C.The robot enjoys wide popularity.
D.The robot faces a promising prospect.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者想说明该机器人前景广阔。
B
(2024·南通高二期末)Without ready access to a time machine, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) have built an AI-powered chatbot that simulates (模拟) a user's older self and dishes out observations and wisdom.It has the potential to significantly impact how people make decisions today with their future well-being in mind.
To interact with the chatbot, users are first asked to answer a series of questions about themselves, their friends and family, the past experiences that shaped them, and the ideal life they envision for the future.They then upload a portrait image, which the program digitally ages to produce a likeness of the user aged 60.
Next, the program feeds information from the user's answers into a large language model that generates rich synthetic (合成的) memories for the simulated older self.This ensures that when the chatbot responds to questions, it draws on a relevant backstory.
The final part of the system is the chatbot itself, which introduces itself as a potential older version of the user that is able to talk about its life experiences.
Users are told the “future self” is not a prediction but rather a potential future self.They are encouraged to explore different futures by changing their answers to the questionnaire.
Pataranutaporn, who works on the Future You project at MIT's Media Lab, has had several conversations with his “future self”， but said the most profound (深远的) was when the chatbot reminded him that his parents would not be around for ever, so he should spend time with them while he could.“The session gave me a perspective that is still impactful to me to this day，” he said.
“From a practical standpoint, the effectiveness will likely depend on how well it can simulate meaningful and relevant conversations，” he added.“If users perceive the chatbot as genuine and insightful, it could significantly influence their behaviour.However, if the interactions feel shallow, the impact might be limited.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了麻省理工学院(MIT)研究人员开发的一款基于人工智能(AI)的聊天机器人，这款聊天机器人能够模拟用户的未来自我，并给出观察和智慧。
5.What can the “future self” chatbot help its users do
A.Improve their welfare.
B.Inspire wise life choices.
C.Polish their future selves.
D.Get access to a time machine.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“simulates a user's older self...their future well-being in mind.”可推知，这款聊天机器人可以帮助用户做出明智的生活选择，考虑未来的福祉。
6.What is crucial to the production of an older version of the users
A.Their portrait image.
B.Their memory ability.
C.The information provided.
D.The language model employed.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，用户提供的信息对于生成用户老年版是至关重要的。
7.What does the underlined word “session” in paragraph 6 refer to
A.Pataranutaporn's work at MIT's Media Lab.
B.The good old days of Pataranutaporn's parents.
C.The precious time Pataranutaporn spent with his parents.
D.Pataranutaporn's most profound talk with his “future self”.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文内容可知，本段提到了最深刻的一次与“未来的自己”的对话，这次对话给了他一个至今仍然对他有影响力的视角。因此，画线词指的是帕塔拉努塔彭与他的“未来的自己”最深刻的对话。
8.How does Pataranutaporn comment on the effectiveness of the chatbot
A.It depends.
B.It doesn't last long.
C.It will be carefully checked.
D.It will be disastrous.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“From a practical standpoint...and relevant conversations”可知，帕塔拉努塔彭认为聊天机器人的有效性可能取决于它模拟有意义和相关对话的能力，即“取决于情况”。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·淄博高二期末)On June 16, Hislop, 105, walked on the stage at Stanford University.She __1__ to finish what she started and receive her master's __2__， 83 years after leaving the campus.
When she rose from her seat, __3__ in cap and gown (长袍), everyone on the __4__ shouted and jumped for joy.She greeted the president on the stage and was handed her diploma.She smiled for the cameras.Her grandkids and great-grandkids waved and __5__.
Hislop won her bachelor's in education in 1940 from Stanford with the plan of __6__ a master's degree so she could begin teaching. __7__， due to World War Ⅱ， she left Stanford after completing her coursework but before __8__ her graduation paper.
This did not pause her __9__ to education.She has served for 30 years in many schools and universities.She has __10__ a lot to the local school system and helped broaden it out.Therefore, she was __11__ as “a fierce advocate for justice and the opportunity to learn”.
“I felt that all the kids should have an opportunity to develop their __12__ as best they could, and that everybody should have a __13__ at higher education if they wanted，” Hislop said.
Nowadays, Hislop is still a __14__ reader.She spends most of her time doing community work, reading, socializing and working in her garden—a __15__ she says has kept her sharp.Just as a saying says, no moss grows under her feet.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了105岁老人希斯洛普重返斯坦福大学，完成83年前未完成的学业并获得硕士学位的故事，彰显了终身学习的精神。
1.A.promised B.returned
C.tried D.approached
B　解析：根据下文83 years after leaving the campus可知，此处指希斯洛普重返(return)校园。
2.A.scholarship B.prize
C.degree D.course
C　解析：根据上文receive her master's可知，此处指为了获得硕士学位(degree)。
3.A.mixed up B.covered up
C.folded up D.dressed up
D　解析：根据下文in cap and gown可知，此处指她穿上(dress up)毕业服装。
4.A.scene B.place
C.scenery D.sight
A　解析：根据上文“When she rose from her seat”及下文shouted and jumped for joy可知，此处指毕业典礼的现场(scene)。
5.A.cheered B.watched
C.gestured D.feared
A　解析：根据上文shouted and jumped for joy及“Her grandkids and great-grandkids waved”可知，家人也为她的成就感到高兴并欢呼(cheer)。
6.A.reaching B.holding
C.accepting D.earning
D　解析：根据下文“a master's degree so she could begin teaching”可知，此处指计划进一步获得(earn)硕士学位。
7.A.Besides B.Otherwise
C.However D.Therefore
C　解析：根据下文“due to World War Ⅱ， she left Stanford after completing her coursework...paper”可知，此处表转折，然而(however)，由于战争原因，她未能提交(hand in)毕业论文。
8.A.handing out B.handing in
C.giving away D.giving up
B　解析：参见上题解析。
9.A.assessment B.commitment
C.encouragement D.adjustment
B　解析：根据下文“She has served for 30 years in many schools and universities.”可知，希斯洛普对教育的奉献(commitment)没有停止。
10.A.contributed B.expressed
C.introduced D.donated
A　解析：根据下文helped broaden it out可知，此处指她对当地学校的教育体系做出了显著的贡献。contribute...to...意为“为……做出贡献”，为固定搭配。
11.A.discovered B.analyzed
C.described D.created
C　解析：根据上文内容及下文“as ‘a fierce advocate for justice and the opportunity to learn’”可知，此处指她被描述(describe)为“一位正义和学习机会的强烈倡导者”。
12.A.patience B.practice
C.presence D.potential
D　解析：根据上文“all the kids should have an opportunity to develop their”并结合语境可知，此处指孩子们应有发挥潜力(potential)的机会。
13.A.picture B.chance
C.sense D.message
B　解析：根据下文at higher education可知，此处指接受高等教育的机会(chance)。
14.A.doubtful B.lonely
C.worried D.hungry
D　解析：根据下文“She spends most of her time doing community work, reading”可知，此处指她是一个渴望(hungry)阅读的人。
15.A.routine B.lesson
C.process D.project
A　解析：根据上文“She spends most of...working in her garden”可知，此处指她日常生活的常规(routine)。Period 3　Using Language
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1.calculate　　A.a place where people meet for an organized event
2.venue B.done, chosen, etc.without sb. deciding in advance what is going to happen，or without any regular pattern
3.superior C.to go to where sb./sth. is and
bring them/it back
4.fetch D.to burst or make sth. burst
loudly and violently, causing
damage
5.pace E.a strong desire to do sth.
6.urge F.the speed at which sb./sth. walks, runs or moves
7.random G.better in quality than sb./sth. else
8.explode H.to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc.　
答案：1～5.HAGCF　6～8.EBD
Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure
1.Genre：________
A.Fiction (小说).　
B.Drama (戏剧).
C.Fable (寓言故事).
答案：A
2.Structure and Clues：
答案：(1)checked　(2)experienced　(3)strange
(4)stopping　(5)backwards　(6)has travelled
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
It mainly talks about a__Time__Traveller's__experience__through_
_the__Time__Machine.
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1.Read Part 1 and answer the following question.
How did the Time Traveller first know he had travelled through time
He__saw__the__clock__move__forwards.
2.Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)What happened to the Time Traveller's niece
A.She really moved like a rocket in the lab.
B.She came to help the Time Traveller.
C.She saw the author travel in the Time Machine.
D.She was looking for something in the lab for a little while.
答案：D
(2)How did the Time Traveller feel when travelling through time
A.Excited.
B.Relaxed.
C.Unfortunate.
D.Strange and unpleasant.
答案：D
(3)Why was the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine
Because__an__explosion__may__take__place.
3.Read Part 3 and answer the following question.
Where did the Time Machine arrive when the Time Traveller finally stopped
In__the__rain__in____some__mud.
It was at ten o'clock today 1.that my first Time Machine began its career.After pushing the starting lever, I looked around.Then my eyes settled on the clock.It was unbelievable! Just now, it was a minute or so past ten; now it was nearly half past three! I pushed the lever a little 2.further(far).Night 3.fell(fall) as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.All of 4.a sudden, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I found I was left in the open air.The whole surface of the earth was 5.constantly(constant) being changed before my eyes.I thought that I was being pushed through time at 6.hundreds(hundred) of years a minute.
I had a strong urge 7.to__look(look) at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! I knew I would be 8.at risk if I stopped the Time Machine.I pulled the lever backwards, and then I 9.was__thrown(throw) through the air.I was stunned for a moment and then I found myself 10.sitting(sit) next to the machine.
What would you most like to see if you travelled in a time machine
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1.rumour n.　　 　 A.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
2.presume v. B.使震惊；使昏迷
3.fare n. C.震动；摇晃；颠簸
4.alien n. D.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)
轻抛
5.blurred adj. E.(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；
喘息
6.inaction n. F.夸大；夸张
7.lever n. G.紧握；抓紧
8.grip v. H.外星人(生物)；外国人
9.hazy adj. I.无行动；不采取措施
10.puff n. J.模糊不清的；难以区分的
11.jolt n. K.操纵杆；杠杆
12.flip v. L.车费；船费；飞机票价
13.stun vt. M.假设；假定
14.overstatement n. N.谣言；传闻
答案：1～5.NMLHJ　6～10.IKGAE 11～14.CDBF
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1.a weekly magazine　　　　 周刊
2.one gramme of protein 一克蛋白质
3.wheat flour 小麦粉
4.plastic venue 塑胶场地
5.become superior 变得更好
6.be made of leather 用皮革制成
7.on the main panel 在主面板上
8.Give him an inch,__and he will take a mile.
得寸进尺。
9.take a step backwards 向后退一步
10.look after her niece 照料她的侄女
11.fetch the kids from school 去学校接孩子
12.hold the handkerchief over the bleeding
用手帕捂住流血的伤口
13.a bright lamp 一盏明亮的灯
14.set off at a steady pace 以稳定的步伐出发
15.at maximum speed 以最快的速度
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1.calculate['k lkjuleIt]vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n.计算；预测→calculator n.计算器　
2.labour ['leIb (r)] n.劳动(者)；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作→laborious adj.耗时费力的；辛苦的
3.division [dI'vI n] n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→divide v.(使)分开；分散
4.urge [ d ] n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的→urgency n.紧急；迫切
5.random ['r nd m] adj.随机的；不可思议的→randomly adv.随机地；未加计划地
6.explode [Ik'spl d] vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸；爆破；突增；爆发
7.mud [m d] n.泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1.All students are treated on__an__equal__basis(以平等的方式), regardless of their background.
2.Of the two handkerchiefs，I think this one is__superior__to(比……更好) that one.
3.What impressed me most was that at the age of 18, he took__over(接管) his father's company.
4.The changes are sure to conflict__with(与……冲突) the old traditions, so we must give it a second thought.
5.The weather turned__out(结果是) to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
6.The interest in the new product fell__away(减少) after the initial hype, which was unexpected by the company.
7.After a long and tiring week at work, I have__an__urge__to(有强烈的欲望) go on a vacation and relax completely.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1.强调句型
It__was__at__ten__o'clock__today__that(就在今天十点钟) the first of all Time Machines began its career.(Para.1)
2.as if/though引导方式状语从句
Night came as__if__a__lamp__was__being__turned__out(仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭), and in another moment came the day.(Para.2)
3.as 引导时间状语从句
As__my__pace__grew__faster(随着我的速度越来越快), the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.(Para.3)
4.see＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Around me I saw__trees__growing(看见树生长) like puffs of smoke; they grew, spread, and died in moments.(Para.3)
5.so long as引导条件状语从句
So__long__as__I__travelled__at__maximum__speed(只要我以最快的速度穿梭), it didn't matter.(Para.4)
B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
In the future, it will be an amazing world. 1.It__is__technology__that__plays__a__vital__role__in__our__daily__life(正是科技在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用).We will have smart homes where everything works automatically, 2.as__if__there__were__magic(就像有魔法一样).
3.As__time__goes__by(随着时间的推移), transportation will become much more efficient.We will be able to travel around the world in no time.We will see cities full of flying cars and high-speed trains.
4.So__long__as__we__keep__making__progress__and__using__technology__wisely(只要我们不断进步并且明智地使用技术), our life will be better and better.We will have more leisure time to enjoy life and do what we love.5.We__can__see__people__smiling__and__living__happily(我们会看到人们微笑着，快乐地生活), which is a wonderful scene.
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【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
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take over　占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
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①(教材P6)In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更优秀并接管一切。
②(外研选必二 U5)These small animals quickly took over the island, eating the birds' eggs and attacking baby birds.
这些小动物很快占领了这座岛屿，吃鸟蛋并攻击雏鸟。
③(译林选必一 U1)The concept took off, and today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate customers' appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last.
这个观念开始流行起来，如今广州的各家餐馆用上千种点心让食客们胃口大开，一道比一道更精致、更美味。
take charge of 　　　 接管；负责
take off 起飞；匆匆离开；脱下；大获成功
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take up 占据；开始从事；接收
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单句语法填空/同义替换
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)My flight will take off soon.Do contact me when you're in Sydney.
(2)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington.
(3)With his strong leader ship skills, he took up a position as a team manager at a corporation.
(4)She takes pride in her son who takes charge of a big company.
→She takes pride in her son who takes__over a big company.
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conflict with　与……冲突或抵触
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①(教材P7)A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law.　机器人必须服从人类给予的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相冲突。
②(外研选必三 U5)As an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao felt conflicted over life at court.
作为东晋时期的一名官员，陶渊明对朝廷生涯感到矛盾。
③(译林选必三 U4)In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.　在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战斗人员甚至故意破坏遗址。
conflict n.　　　　　　　　 冲突；矛盾；抵触
v. 冲突，抵触
in conflict with... 与……有冲突
come into conflict with... 与……发生冲突
be conflicted about... 对……感到矛盾
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)The two countries have been in conflict with each other for decades.
(2)The young woman, conflicted(conflict) about accepting the job offer in a distant city or staying with her family, spent many sleepless nights thinking.
(3)他是一个诚实、中庸的人，不愿意与他周围的人发生冲突。(倡导和谐人际关系)
→He is an honest and modest person, who is unwilling to__come__into__conflict__with__the__people around him.(conflict n.)
→He is an honest and modest person, who is unwilling to__conflict__with__the__people around him.(conflict v.)
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turn out　关掉；熄灭；出席(某项活动)；在场；使朝外；结果是，证明是；生产
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①(外研必修三 U2)He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
他还看到了数百名兴高采烈的学生到场迎接他。
②(经典例句)When he was in trouble, he turned to his best friend for help, who never let him down.
当他遇到麻烦时，他向他最好的朋友求助，而这位朋友从未让他失望。
③(2024·全国甲卷)This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite practical, especially whenever we share the newspaper.
这次培训教会了她如何将汉字上下颠倒地阅读和书写——事实证明，这项技能在实际生活中非常有用，尤其是在我们分享报纸的时候。
turn up　　　　　　　 调高(音量等)；出现
turn down 调低(音量等)；拒绝
turn in 上交；交还，退还
turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn off 关闭(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn to 求助于；致力于；翻到
(书的某页)；查阅；转向
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写出下列句中turn out的含义/完成句子
(1)So it may turn out that the connection is a whole lot closer than we have imagined.结果是，证明是
(2)The children just played until their parents came round to turn the lamps out.关掉
(3)The new factory turned out twice as many products as the old one, which greatly increased the company's profits.生产
(4)A large number of people turned out for the concert, making the event a huge success.出席；在场
(5)她拒绝了那家公司的工作邀请，因为她不想搬到一个新的城市去。
She turned__down__the__job__offer from the company because she didn't want to move to a new city.
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pace　n.速度；步伐；节奏　vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏；来回踱步
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①(教材P8)As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.
随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失了，我被留在户外。
②(外研选必三 U2)In the quiet courtyards of Xi San Suo, behind the high walls of the Forbidden City, time ticks at its own pace.
在紫禁城高墙后面的西三所安静的庭院，时间按照自己的节奏滴答作响。
(1)at a(n)...pace　　　　　 以……的速度
keep pace with sb./sth. 与某人/某物并驾齐驱
set the pace 确定速度；起带头作用；
树立榜样
(2)pace up and down 来回踱步
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The economy is growing at a pace of 5% per year, which indicates a positive trend for the country's development.
(2)In order to keep pace with her classmates, she studies very hard every day.
(3)他在房间里来回踱步，似乎在等待一些重要的消息。
He paced__up__and__down__in__the__room,__as if waiting for some important news.
(4)那位领先的运动员在马拉松比赛中起带头作用，其他人都努力跟上他的步伐。
The leading athlete set__the__pace__in__the__marathon,__and the others struggled to keep up with him.
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division　n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
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①(教材P8)The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day.
太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛到了天空，但很快就有了白天和黑夜的分界。
②(2023·浙江卷1月)To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3，600 by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile.
要计算你的速度，用3 600除以你走一英里所需的秒数。
(1)divide v.　　　　　　　　　 (使)分开；分散；分配；除(以)
divide sth.between/among... 在……之间分配某
物；由……分享某物
divide...into... 把……分成……
divide...in half/into halves 把……分成两半
divide A by B 用A除以B；用B除A
(2)divided adj. 有分歧的
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The distance of the journey, divided by the speed of the vehicle, indicated the time it would take to reach the destination.
(2)They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background.
(3)He had to divide his time carefully between his work and his family, which was a challenge for him.
(4)这个蛋糕如此大，以至于她决定把它分成两半，和她的朋友分享，这让她们俩都很开心。(倡导和谐人际关系)
The cake was so big that she__decided__to__divide__it__in__half/into__halves and share it with her friend, which made them both happy.
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urge　n.强烈的欲望；冲动　vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
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①(教材P8)I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看那些在我眼前随机闪过的东西！
②(北师大选必二U5)After first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristole wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison.　起初人们认可他的研究成果，并催促他继续研究，但是当他证实亚里士多德有错时，人们生气了，并把他送进监狱。
(1)have/feel an urge to do sth.
　　　　　　　　　 有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth.
极力主张/强调……做某事
It is urged that...(should) do sth.
极力主张/强调……做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
urgency n. 紧急；迫切
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)When she saw the beautiful paintings in the gallery, she had an urge to__start(start) learning painting herself.
(2)It is urged that people(should)__reduce(reduce) the use of plastic to protect the environment.
背诵点 应用文写作之环境保护
(3)It's of great urgency(urge) that we need to make the relative laws with the rapid growth of online shopping.
(4)他的父母催促他为即将到来的考试更努力学习，这将决定他的未来。
→His parents urged__him__to__study__harder__for__the__upcoming__exam,__which would determine his future.
→His parents urged__that__he(should)__study__harder__for__the__upcoming__exam,__which would determine his future.
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
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on a...basis　根据；以……的方式(基准)
on a regular basis 例行地；有规律地；定期地
on a daily/weekly basis 每天/每周
on the basis of... 以……为基础
[微练]——完成句子
(1)学校根据学生的学业成绩录取学生，这确保了高质量的录取。
The school admitted the students on__the__basis__of__their__academic__performance,__which ensured a high-quality intake.
(2)他定期看望他的祖父母以表达他的关心和爱，这让他们非常开心。
He__visits__his__grandparents__on__a__regular__basis to show his care and love, which makes them very happy.
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calculate　vt.计算；核算；预测
(1)It is calculated that...　　 据估算……
(2)calculation n. 计算；预测
(3)calculator n. 计算器
[微练]——单句语法填空
(1)It is__calculated(calculate) that it will take approximately three months to complete the construction.
(2)My calculations(calculate) were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady.
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superior 　adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
(1)be superior to　　 比……更好；更胜一筹
be inferior to 比……差/级别低
be senior to 比……年长/职位高
be junior to 比……年龄小/职位低
(2)superiority n. 优势；优越感
[微练]——单句语法填空/词汇升级
(1)The quality of the products made by this factory is superior to that of many others in the market.
(2)The superiority(superior) of this new method over the old one is obvious.
(3)My sister is older than me by two years, and she has always been protective and helpful, which makes our relationship very close.
→My sister is__senior__to me by two years, and she has always been protective and helpful, which makes our relationship very close.
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fall away　(逐渐)减少；消失
fall over　　　　　　 倒下，摔倒；被……绊倒
fall off 从……落下
fall behind 落后；跟不上
fall in love with 爱上……
[微练]——完成句子
(1)当困难变得明显时，对他的想法的支持减少了，这让他很失望。
The__support__for__his__idea__fell__away when the difficulties became apparent, which was a disappointment for him.
(2)如果你不努力学习，你就会落后于你的同学，这将对你的未来产生负面影响。
If you don't study hard, you__will__fall__behind__your__classmates,__which will have a negative impact on your future.
(3)读完那本小说后，她爱上了那个虚构的世界和复杂的人物。
After reading the novel, she fell__in__love__with__the__fictional__world__and__the__complex__characters.
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
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random　adj.随机的；不可思议的
①(北师大选必四 U10)He chose a random sample of people in the middle of America and asked them to send packages to a stranger in the state of Massachusetts.
他在美国中部随机挑选了一部分人，让他们把包裹寄给马萨诸塞州的一个陌生人。
②(2024·全国甲卷)Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.
许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人。
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explode　vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破
①(外研选必二 U5)The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased.
兔子数量的迅猛增长为猫提供了充足的食物，这意味着猫的数量也增加了。
②(译林必修二 U3)Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music, and the group jumped into action.
突然，鲜艳的色彩和热烈的音乐喷薄而出，歌舞队应声一跃而起。
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强调句型
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①(教材P8)It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
就在今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始运行了。
②(译林选必二U2)It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life.
是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
③(北师大选必二 U6)One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film adaptations.
人们可能会认为，最适合改编电影的人应该是书籍作者本人。
教材原句为强调句型，强调句型中的时间状语 at ten o'clock today。
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分.，多用于强调句子的主语、宾语和状语；
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
(4)“not...until...”结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
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单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级
(1)It is only after we have lost everything that we are free to do anything.
(2)It was Alice and her boyfriend that/who sent the old man to the hospital.
(3)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)就是在那一刻，一股暖流冲刷着我的身体，马的形象浮现在我的脑海里。鼓励着我继续写作。
It__was__at__that__moment__that a warm surge of streams washed through my body, and the image of the horse emerged in my mind, encouraging me to continue writing.
(4)He didn't realize he had organized time badly until the result of the exam was announced.
→It__was__not__until__the__result__of__the__exam__was__announced__that__he__realized__he__had__organized__time__badly.(强调句型)
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as if/though引导方式状语从句
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①(教材P8)Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.　夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。
②(译林必修三 U3)I felt lost and anxious, as if I had missed something of value.
我感到失落和焦虑，好像我错过了什么有价值的东西。
as if/though意为“仿佛、好像”，可引导方式状语从句，也可用在look、seem、sound等系动词后引导表语从句。
as if/though所引导的从句的语气及时态：
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单句语法填空/句式升级
(1)I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing had__happened(happen).
(2)The wind blew fiercely, as though it were__trying (try) to tear down the old tree.
(3)The girl is standing still as if she would/might/could__wait(wait) for something wonderful to happen.
(4)She held the book close to her face as if she were reading carefully.
→She held the book close to her face as__if__reading__carefully.(省略)
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as if/though引导状语从句时，若主、从句主语一致，且从句谓语中含有系动词be时，从句中的主语和系动词be可以省略。
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1.sit__myself__in__the__leather__seat　　 我坐在皮椅上
2.draw__a__breath 吸一口气
3.in__the__open__air 在户外
4.explode__like__a__bomb 像炸弹一样爆炸
5.be__stunned__for__a__moment 昏迷了片刻
6.a__minute__or__so 一分钟左右
7.a__winding__road 蜿蜒的公路
8.be__occupied__by__something__else 被其他东西占据
9.like__an__impatient__fool 像一个不耐烦的傻瓜
Ⅱ.品句填词
1.It has been calculated that at least 47，000 employees were dismissed last year.
2.A bomb exploded suddenly by the roadside and destroyed his car.
3.He is smaller than you, but he is superior to you.
4.I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.
5.The work of repairing cars involves skilled labours(劳动者), which can be expensive.
6.I need the maximum(最大的) amount of information you can give me.
7.The time appointed for the weekly(每周的) meeting is ten o'clock in the morning.
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My Uncle
Excerpt from A Journey to the Center of the Earth
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一个坚定果敢、具有献身精神的科学探险家同他的侄儿和向导汉恩斯按照前人的指引，在地底经过整整三个月的艰辛跋涉，进行科学探险。
Looking back to all that has occurred to① me since that eventful② day, I am scarcely③ able to believe in the reality of my adventures. They were truly so wonderful that④ even now I am bewildered⑤ when I think of them.
My uncle was a German, having married my mother's sister, an Englishwoman. Being⑥ very much attached to⑦ his fatherless nephew⑧， he invited me to study under him in his home. My uncle is a professor of philosophy⑨， chemistry⑩， geology ， mineralogy (矿物学), and many other ologies (学科).
One day, after passing some hours in the laboratory, I suddenly felt the necessity of eating, and was about to wake up our old French cook, when my uncle, Professor Von Hardwigg, suddenly opened the street door, and came rushing upstairs.
“Harry—Harry—Harry—”
I hastened to obey, but before I could reach his room, jumping three steps at a time, he was stamping his right foot upon the landing.
“Harry！” he cried, in a frantic (疯狂的) tone, “Are you coming up？”
To be frank ， at that moment I was far more interested in our dinner than in any problem of science. But my uncle was not a man to be kept waiting; so I presented myself before him.
He was a very learned man. My excellent uncle, Professor Hardwigg, he studied, he consumed the midnight oil (开夜车), he pored over heavy tomes (大部头书), and digested huge books.
There was a reason why my uncle objected to displaying his learning: he stammered ； and when intending to explain the phenomena of the heavens, he was in such a vague way that few were able to comprehend his meaning.
In sciences, there are many almost unpronounceable (拗口的) names—names very much resembling those of Welsh villages, which added to his difficulty. He would finally give up and swallow his frustration —in a glass of water.
I was bound to him by the double ties of affection and interest. I took deep interest in all his doings, and hoped some day to be almost as learned as him. It was a rare thing for me to be absent from his lectures. Like him, I preferred mineralogy to all the other sciences.
My uncle Hardwigg was once known to classify six hundred different geological specimens by their weight, hardness ， fusibility (可溶性), sound, taste, and smell.
He corresponded with all the great, learned, and scientific men of the age . I was, therefore, in constant communication with, Sir Humphry Davy, Captain Franklin, and other great men.
But before I state the subject on which my uncle wished to discuss with me, I must say a word about his personal appearance. My uncle was fifty years old; tall, thin, and wiry . Large spectacles hid, to a certain extent, his vast, round, and goggle (瞪住的) eyes, while his nose was irreverently (不逊地) compared to a thin file.
The truth being told, however, the only article really attracted to my uncle's nose was tobacco. Another peculiarity (特点) of his was, that he always stepped a yard and clenched his fists (握紧拳头) as if he were going to hit you.
It is further necessary to observe that he lived in a very nice house in that very nice street. Though lying in the center of a town, it was half wood, half bricks and with old-fashioned gables (山墙)—one of the few old houses spared by the great fire of 1842.
My uncle was rich; his house was his own property ， while he had a considerable private income. To my notion the best part of his possessions was his god-daughter, Gretchen. And the old cook, the young lady, the Professor and I were the sole inhabitants.
I loved mineralogy, I loved geology. And if my uncle had been in a little less of a fury ， we should have been the happiest of families. To prove the excellent Hardwigg's impatience, I solemnly declare that, for example, once when the flowers in the drawing-room pots began to grow, he rose every morning at four o'clock to make them grow quicker by pulling the leaves .,
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①occur to被想到；
出现在头脑中
②eventful adj.多事故的
③scarcely adv.几乎不
④此处为“so...that...”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。
⑤bewilder v.使……不知所措
⑥此处为v.-ing作状语。
⑦be attached to喜爱
⑧nephew n.侄子
⑨philosophy n.哲学
⑩chemistry n.化学
geology n.地质学
necessity n.需要
be about to do即将做
此处为v.-ing作状语。
hasten v.赶快
此处为v.-ing作状语。
stamp [熟词生义] v.跺脚
to be frank坦率地说
learned adj.知识渊博的
pore over钻研
digest v.理解，领悟
object to反对
stammer v.结巴
phenomena n.现象
vague adj.含糊的
此处为“such...that...”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。
resemble v.相似
此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。
swallow [熟词生义] v.默默忍受
frustration n.沮丧
bind (bound, bound) v.绑；缚
tie n.结；联系
affection n.喜爱之情
be absent from缺席
specimen n.标本
hardness n.硬度
correspond with...
与……通信
age [熟词生义] n.时代
此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。
wiry adj.瘦而结实的
article [熟词生义] n.物品
此处为让步状语从句的省略。
spare [熟词生义] v.幸免
property n.财产
fury n.愤怒
solemnly adv.郑重地
此处为方式状语。单元过关检测(一)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will Jane do this Friday
A.Go out of town.
B.Watch her sister's dog.
C.Have dinner with her classmates.
2.Where does the conversation take place
A.In a bookstore.　
B.In a shop.　
C.In a restaurant.
3.What would the man drink at last
A.Orange juice.　
B.Grape juice.　
C.Apple juice.
4.What will the man do
A.Change the plan.
B.Wait for a phone call.
C.Sort things out.
5.What are the speakers talking about
A.Organization of events.
B.Time management.
C.Reading.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Why does the man live with a roommate
A.To share the rent.
B.To have a companion.
C.To learn from the guy.
7.What is the man going to do
A.Ask his landlord for help.
B.Prepare for a business trip.
C.Go to the property company.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.When should the woman clock on
A.Before 7：20 am.
B.Before 8：00 am.
C.Before 8：15 am.
9.Who might the man be
A.The woman's husband.
B.The woman's manager.
C.The woman's college classmate.
10.Why was the woman late for work this morning
A.Her alarm clock failed to work.
B.It was too cold for her to get up early.
C.She spent too much time making breakfast.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.How did the man get the information of the apartment
A.On the Internet.
B.From a friend.
C.In a newspaper.
12.Why does the woman want to rent the apartment
A.She is going to move to another city.
B.She is going to live with her parents.
C.She is going to further her study abroad.
13.What does the woman probably mind the man doing
A.Keeping pets.
B.Watching TV.
C.Having visitors.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Instructor and driver.
B.Husband and wife.
C.Employer and employee.
15.What is Jane doing
A.Driving the man to hospital.
B.Learning to drive on the road.
C.Parking her car before the hospital.
16.Where is the hospital
A.On Apple Street.
B.On Bridge Road.
C.On Mill Street.
17.What is Jane probably going to do right away
A.Turn left.　
B.Brake hard.　
C.Turn right.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.Where will the classical concert take place
A.In Building 1.
B.In a gallery.
C.In Building 2.
19.What is Larry Higgins
A.A musician.
B.A painter.　
C.A writer.
20.When will Victoria present her pictures
A.At 12.　　B.At 3 pm.　　C.At 5 pm.
答案：1～5.CCBBB　6～10.ACBCB
11～15.BCAAB　16～20.CBACA
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Jane，can you meet us for dinner this Friday？There's a great new Indian restaurant that just opened.
W：I actually have a dinner plan with my high school classmates this Friday.① What about this Sunday
M：I will have to watch my sister's dog while she's out of town.
(Text 2)
W：I'll pass on your praise to our manager right away, sir. Don't forget to take your book and the bag on the table with you.
M：Thanks for your reminding. This Friday evening, we'll come here for the fish, ②which is our favorite.
(Text 3)
M：Could I have an apple juice, please
W：Sorry, we don't have it. There's orange, lemon and grape juice.
M：Oh，I suppose I'll have to have grape juice instead.③
(Text 4)
M：At what time are we leaving for the outing
W：I'll phone you tomorrow.④ I should have everything sorted out by then.
(Text 5)
W：You're always so organized and efficient.How do you do it？⑤
M：I'm not always like that, but I've got better since I read some books about time management.⑤
(Text 6)
W：Have you found a roommate
M：Yes，I have.The guy is a teacher who has just graduated.
W：How do you like living with a roommate
M：It's all right. At least，there is someone who shares the rent with me.⑥
W：How about your roommate
M：He is nice but a little bit shy.I think he hasn't adapted to living with a stranger.
W：He may need a period of time to adapt to his new environment.
M：I think so.
W：What are you going to do
M：I'm going to the property company.⑦ The sink is clogged these days.
W：I think you should talk to the landlord.
M：I did，but he is on a business trip.
W：Well，good luck.
(Text 7)
W：I was late for the morning meeting again.
M：Oh，that's terrible.When did you get up
W：I woke up at 7：00 and got up 10 minutes later.But I had no food at home，so I had to buy breakfast with my husband. It was 8：15 when I clocked on.I was 15 minutes late today.⑧
M：Oh dear！Your manager was really angry with you，right
W：Yes，you're right.
M：Why did you get up so late this time
W：The weather was the main reason.It was so cold that I couldn't get up earlier，⑩ even though the alarm I set is 7：00 every morning.
M：Yeah.Getting up in winter is really painful.But when we were in college，you were often late for class too.⑨I don't think being late is a good habit，you know.
(Text 8)
M：Is that Ms.Smith
W：Yes.How can I help you
M：Hello, Ms.Smith.This is John. My friend Linda told me that you have a two-bedroom apartment to rent. Is that right
W：Yes.My parents have moved to another city and I am going to study abroad for two years.
M：Do you have any furniture
W：Of course.It is equipped with all the basic furniture, such as a TV set and a fridge.
M：That's OK.Does it have Internet access
W：Definitely.
M：Great.How much is the rent
W：300 dollars a month.
M：OK.By the way，what else should I pay attention to
W：If you have visitors，avoid making too much noise.
M: How about keeping dogs
W：Well，you know they would make a mess.
M：I see.
(Text 9)
M：Are you ready，Jane
W：Yes！Let's do this.
M：OK，remember now，you have to be careful on the road all the time. OK, go down Bridge Road towards the Park Hotel.
W：OK！Should I go straight or turn right into Apple Street
M：You can't turn right into Apple Street or go straight.Look at the sign!
W：Oh yeah！I can only turn left here.
M：Very good！So，turn left into Apple Street.
W：Here we go...
M：Perfect！Now，stop at the traffic lights because the light is red.When the light turns green，turn left into Mill Street.
W：I see.
M：Now，park in front of the hospital.
W：But I can't park there！Look at the sign.
M：Excellent! Turn left into Green Street and go towards the park.
W：Fine.
M：Watch out！There's a car coming.
(Text 10)
Welcome to the annual Festival of Western Art.The festival will start at 3 pm with a classical concert where the violinists from different countries of Eastern Europe will perform a range of works of classical music. If you wish to go to this concert，please go to the second floor of Building 1 at 2：45 pm. No latecomers are admitted.For those of you interested in literature, Larry Higgins will be reading his own works from 5 o'clock onward.Besides his best-known short stories, today Mr.Higgins will read some of his favorite abstracts.You will be able to buy copies of his stories at the bookshop.
If painting is your interest，you may visit the modern art exhibition. There at noon a famous painter Victoria Serebryanska will present her pictures. Visitors interested in meeting Victoria Serebryanska should go to the far end of the gallery.
The show for children which will include special children entertainment of music，dance and drama is going to start at 4 pm in the hall of Building 2.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Robots are known as the future of technology. Robotics technology has just landed in the workplace and there is a lot of work to do. Below we'll discuss some of the best and most advanced robots ever made by humans.
ASIMO
The primary focus of the robot is to help people. ASIMO travels all around the world, making people aware how robots can make life easier and help humans. It can dance, run and even kick a soccer ball. The robot can communicate with people in three different languages including Japanese, Chinese and English.
Created by: Honda (Japan)
Sophia
It is a realistic example of a perfect robot because it has about 50 different facial expressions just like humans. Sophia is primarily designed for education, research and entertainment. It travels throughout the world explaining to people the importance of robots in human life.
Created by: Hanson Robotics (Hong Kong, China)
Atlas
Its body shape is so dynamic that it can use its all body skills to move quickly and balance itself on diverse terrains (地形). The robot is capable of performing many different tasks but some favourite tasks are running, jumping and backflips. Its advanced AI systems make it capable of seeing barriers and negotiating diverse terrains.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
Spot
Spot is an animal robot, or a dog robot, because it looks very similar to a dog. Spot can search around your office, home, playground etc. as a normal dog usually does. Spot has some outstanding functions like mapping your environment, sensing barriers, lifting packages and more.
Created by: Boston Dynamics (United States)
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款机器人的相关情况。
21.Which of the following characterizes ASIMO
A.Its high speed.
B.Its language ability.
C.Its facial expressions.
D.Its communication skills.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据ASIMO部分中的“The robot...including Japanese, Chinese and English.”可知，阿西莫与其他机器人的不同之处是它的语言能力。
22.Which robot is created by China
A.ASIMO. B.Atlas.
C.Sophia. D.Spot.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据Sophia部分中的“Created by: Hanson Robotics (Hong Kong, China)”可知，机器人索菲亚由中国制造。
23.What do Atlas and Spot have in common
A.They can carry small packages.
B.They can detect barriers around.
C.They can help do some housework.
D.They can change their body shapes.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Atlas部分中的“Its advanced AI systems make it capable of seeing barriers”以及Spot部分中的“Spot has some outstanding functions like...sensing barriers”可知，这两款机器人的相同之处在于能探测周围的障碍物。
B
Perhaps one of the most famous sayings in China is，“Worry before all others have worried; rejoice after all others have rejoiced.” Written by Fan Zhongyan, this 11th century proverb provides a goal for all government officials to aspire to.
Fan Zhongyan(989-1052) himself was a good example of someone who lived by these words.When he was just one or two years old, his father died and his mother married another man, but he was always content with what he had.
From a very young age, he was very diligent in his schoolwork.In 1015, Fan passed the imperial examination (科举考试) and became a government official.While serving in Taizhou, he always had the people's best interest at heart, and he proposed building a sea wall to protect homes from flooding.Serving with distinction, he helped build up defenses when the country was threatened by war.Then, once the country was at peace again, he was promoted to a high-level position in the capital.
As an advisor to the emperor, Fan then tried to institute government reforms.However, many conservative officials opposed him, so the reforms were stopped and Fan was forced to go into exile (流放).While in exile in 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower.In the essay, he wondered if it was possible to find government officials who would be firm in their desire to look after the needs of the common people, and not worry about their own personal welfare.
After retiring, he bought a farm and used it to provide jobs for local people.The profits from the farm were then used to pay for the education of poor children.
It is refreshing to think that there was once such a person who did not just speak wise words to live by, but also put those words into practice during his own life.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了中国历史人物范仲淹。
24.How does the author introduce the topic of the passage
A.By using a quote.
B.By giving examples.
C.By providing data.
D.By making comparisons.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Perhaps one of the most famous sayings in China is，‘Worry...others have rejoiced.’”可知， 作者通过引用范仲淹的名句“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”来引入文章主题。
25.What's the RIGHT order of the events
①Fan built a sea wall in Taizhou.
②Fan wrote the essay Memorial to Yueyang Tower.
③Fan's father passed away.
④Fan retired and bought a farm.
A.③①②④ B.①②③④
C.③①④② D.①②④③
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When he was just one or two years old, his father died”、第三段中的“While serving in Taizhou...building a sea wall”、第四段中的“While in exile in 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower.”以及第五段中的“After retiring, he bought a farm”可知，事件发生的顺序为③①②④。
26.What did Fan express in his famous essay
A.His concern about the needs of the common people.
B.His determination to set a good example for government officials.
C.His hope to find government officials looking after common people.
D.His desire to find government officials putting people's needs above their own welfare.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the essay, he wondered if...worry about their own personal welfare.”可知， 范仲淹想找到将人民的利益放在自身利益前面的政府官员。
27.What qualities can best describe Fan Zhongyan according to the passage
A.Loving and demanding.
B.Selfless and devoted.
C.Modest and hardworking.
D.Strong-willed and tolerant.
B　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Worry before all others have worried; rejoice after all others have rejoiced.”和倒数第二段内容可知，文章通过对范仲淹生平、成就及他的著作《岳阳楼记》的介绍，描述了范仲淹无私且甘于奉献的品质。
C
A bot is a software program that often works by itself on the Internet to perform the same kinds of actions as humans do.The report, produced by a California-based Internet security company, found that 49.6 percent of worldwide Internet traffic (互联网流量) came from bots in 2023, while from human users fell to 50.4 percent.The company's study also found that web traffic linked to “bad bots” grew to 32 percent in 2023, a rise of 30.2 percent from 2022.Nanhi Singh, a security advisor at the company, said that bots are currently one of the growing threats facing almost every industry.
Bots are generally designed to visit websites and independently search for many kinds of online information.They are able to operate at much greater speeds than humans and can process repeated searches and process large amounts of data.Online search advisor Yoast notes that some bots are considered good because they can be useful to individuals through tools.Some others are considered malicious,__because they are trained to hack, or break into network computer systems.These kinds of bots pretend themselves as humans and collect private data or financial information that can be used to commit crimes.And some bots are even designed to spread misinformation and false news.
The study also suggested that some countries have a much bigger problem with bad bots than others.Web traffic linked to bad bots in 2023 accounted for 71 percent in Ireland while Germany was next, with 67.5 percent.The percentage of Mexico and the USA was reported to be 42.8 percent and 35.4 percent respectively.The company even reported that bad bot activity would lead to account takeovers, which increased 10 percent in 2023 over 2022.The highest number of account takeovers—36.8 percent—happened in the financial services industry.Next was the travel industry, with 11.5 percent, followed by business services at 8 percent.
Nanhi Singh said the problem is likely to worsen in coming years to the point where such bots would exist everywhere.She urged organizations to introduce bot management and security tools in an effort to limit automated traffic and prevent dangerous account takeovers.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家互联网安全公司发现机器人产生的网络流量急剧增长，且部分“恶意机器人”危害网络安全，需要管理约束。
28.What did the Internet security company's study find
A.Bad bots caused 49.6% of web traffic in 2023.
B.Traffic from human users fell to the second in 2023.
C.Web traffic linked to “bad bots” rose sharply in 2023.
D.Nearly half of the world's web traffic was caused by bad bots in 2023.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The company's study also found that...a rise of 30.2 percent from 2022.”可知，与“恶意机器人”相关的网络流量在2023年急剧增长。
29.What does the underlined word “malicious” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Useful. B.Dependable.
C.Harmful. D.Irresponsible.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Online search advisor Yoast notes...individuals through tools.”和下文“because they are trained to hack, or break into network computer systems”可知，一些机器人被训练去非法入侵计算机网络系统，即其他机器人被认为是有害的。因此，画线词意为“有害的”。
30.What can be learned about bots from the passage
A.Every industry is currently threatened by bots.
B.Bots can be both helpful and troublesome.
C.Bots can search for online information by themselves.
D.Web traffic linked to bad bots was the most serious problem in Ireland in 2023.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Online search advisor Yoast notes that...false news.”可知，机器人可以是有帮助的，也可以是麻烦的。
31.What is Nanhi Singh's attitude towards current situation of web traffic
A.Optimistic. B.Satisfied.
C.Concerned. D.Conservative.
C　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Nanhi Singh said the problem...where such bots would exist everywhere.”可知，南希·辛格对于网络流量现状是担心的。
D
A new study examines possible harm caused by microscopic pieces of plastic that end up inside people's bodies.These materials—known as microplastics and nanoplastics—can enter the body through the air or in food or drinks.
One new study suggests the buildup of such plastics inside the body can increase the risk of a stroke, heart attack or death.But the researchers noted the evidence presented cannot prove a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems.
The study involved 257 people who had medical operations to clear blocked blood vessels(血管) in their necks.Italian researchers examined the fatty buildup the doctors removed from the carotid arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the brain.Using two methods, they found evidence of plastics—mostly nanoplastics that cannot be seen—in the artery plaque (动脉斑块) of 150 patients.No evidence of plastics was seen in 107 patients.
The team followed these people for three years.During that time, 30 individuals, or 20 percent of the group with plastics, had a heart attack, stroke, or died from any cause.These rates dropped to about eight percent among those with no evidence of plastics.Research results were recently published in a study in the New England Journal of Medicine.
The researchers admitted their study was very small.For example, it only looked at people with narrowed arteries who were already at risk for heart attacks and stroke.
Steve Nissen is a heart expert at the Cleveland Clinic in the state of Ohio who was not part of the study.He told the Associated Press he thinks the team's estimate that the risk of heart attack, stroke or death was four times greater seems too high.“It would mean that these microplastics are the most important cause of coronary heart disease (冠心病) yet discovered.And I just don't think that's likely to be right，” Nissen said.“Maybe, it's just a wake-up call that perhaps we need to take the problem of microplastics more seriously，” Nissen added.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的科学研究表明人体内积累的微塑料可能增加中风、心脏病发作或死亡的风险。
32.How did the researchers carry out their study
A.By doing online surveys.
B.By interviewing participants.
C.By comparing with former experiments.
D.By conducting experiments and analyzing data.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容和第四段中的“During that time, 30 individuals...those with no evidence of plastics.”可知，研究人员通过做实验和分析数据进行研究。
33.What did the team find about the 150 patients
A.They were in good health before the study.
B.No evidence of plastics were found in them.
C.20 percent of them died from heart attacks.
D.They developed many more health problems than the 107 patients.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Using two methods...plastics was seen in 107 patients.”和第四段中的“During that time, 30 individuals...or died from any cause.”可知，动脉斑块中发现了塑料的150个病人与没有发现塑料的107个病人相比，前者中出现了更多的健康问题。
34.What can be inferred from Nissen's words
A.There was no relationship between microplastics and heart diseases.
B.We should pay more attention to the harm of microplastics to our body.
C.The result proved a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems.
D.The result was inaccurate because they only looked at people with narrowed arteries.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe, it's just a wake-up call...microplastics more seriously.”可知，我们应该更多地关注微塑料可能对我们的健康造成的伤害。
35.Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A.Tiny Plastic Materials—Harmful to Our Body
B.Tiny Plastic Materials—Exist in Our Body
C.Tiny Plastic Materials—A Leading Cause of Our Health
D.Tiny Plastic Materials—A Direct Reason for Heart Diseases
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于微塑料在人体内积累可能带来的危害的研究，这些危害包括增加中风、心脏病发作或死亡的风险。因此，A项最适合作为文章标题。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Make More Time for Music
Are you one of those people who loves listening to music Do you listen to it whenever you can If so, you're doing something good for your mind and body.36.________ It just might make you happier, healthier, and it could even make you a better student.
Music can make you smile, sing along, or get up and dance.These experiences are proof of music's power.In fact, scientists believe that music makes people happier.Valorie N.Salimpoor at McGill University has studied music and the human brain.She has proven that listening to pleasant music causes positive changes in the brain.37.________ And those feelings make a person happy.
Music isn't just good for your mind and mood, though.It's also good for your body.A group of scientists from Spain and Brazil have studied how music affects runners.The scientists found that people run faster and longer when they listen to music.Music can help you bike faster too.British scientists studied bikers who listened to music with a fast beat.38.________
Still not convinced that listening to music is good for you？39.________ Scientists in Finland have shown that music helps students.Listening to music can help you when you're learning something new.It can also help you better remember what you've learned.Students who listened to background music during a test answered more test questions.They got more of the answers correct too.
40.________ It's a powerful force that can make your lives better.It can improve your mood, your health, and even your grades.In short, it's good for you.So make time for music.You won't regret it!
A.Music is more than just a pleasant art.
B.The faster the beat, the faster the bikers rode.
C.If not, you should think about adding more music to your life.
D.These changes create feelings of excitement, joy, and pleasure.
E.In other words, music can cheer you up when you're feeling sad.
F.Then you might be interested to learn that music can help you learn.
G.They compared music liked by fast bikers and music liked by slow bikers.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了听音乐对人的心灵、身体以及学习能力的积极影响。
36.C　解析：根据上文“Are you one of those...good for your mind and body.”可知，此处在强调音乐的积极作用。C项承接上文，鼓励那些还没有意识到音乐好处的人考虑在生活中增加更多的音乐，符合语境。
37.D　解析：根据上文“Valorie N.Salimpoor at McGill...positive changes in the brain.”可知，听愉快的音乐能引起大脑的积极变化。D项承接上文，介绍了这些变化带来的具体的积极的感受，符合语境。
38.B　解析：空前一句提到英国科学家研究了听快节奏音乐的骑行者，空处应说明研究的具体发现。B项符合语境。
39.F　解析：根据上下文语境可知，空处应为过渡句，引出音乐对于提升学习能力的作用。F项以一种假设的方式引出了音乐可以帮助学习，符合语境。
40.A　解析：根据下文“It's a powerful force that...You won't regret it！”可知，空处需要引出下文音乐的多重正面影响。A项恰当地总结了音乐不仅仅是一种令人愉悦的艺术形式，暗示了其对情绪、健康乃至学业成绩的广泛益处，符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenever photographer Casey Ryan heads into the wilderness, he brings along his drone (无人机) to capture photographs from a bird's eye view.On a recent expedition, Casey was __41__ through the Willamette National Forest when he came across a stranger whose vehicle was stuck.He had been trapped there for days, so Casey decided to help him get his car out.__42__， Casey got his own vehicle stuck in a ditch while trying to help, leaving both people stranded (滞留) with no cell phone __43__ for miles around.
Casey says his mind is always working to find __44__ solutions to problems.He immediately __45__ the situation and realized that in order to get cell service, he'd need to get higher up the mountain.He __46__ a movie he'd seen recently in which a character uses a drone to raise the phone enough to catch a __47__， so he pulled out his device and got to work.
First, he __48__ his cell phone securely to his drone.Then, he __49__ a series of messages to his wife.“Hi sweetheart，” read the first text.“I'm sending my phone into the __50__ with my drone.Hope to get this message through.I just keep __51__ I have enough gas to get me through one more night.”
He told her where he was __52__， then held his breath as he attempted to launch the now-heavy drone into the air.The drone soared (升空) several hundred feet into the air.Somewhere up there over the tall trees, it __53__ a signal and whoosh! All of Casey's __54__ were sent.They were saved! __55__ arrived and saved both Casey and the other motorist.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了摄影师凯西·瑞安和另一个陌生人被困在了森林里，他利用无人机把手机送到高空，发出了求救短信并最终获救的故事。
41.A.flying　　　　 B.walking
C.driving D.running
C　解析：根据下文“Casey got his own vehicle stuck in a ditch while trying to help”可知，凯西开车(drive)穿过威拉米特国家森林。
42.A.Unfortunately B.Naturally
C.Obviously D.Honestly
A　解析：根据下文“Casey got his own vehicle stuck in a ditch while trying to help”可知，不幸地(unfortunately)是，凯西在试图帮助一个陌生人时把自己的车卡在了沟里。
43.A.battery B.charger
C.service D.store
C　解析：根据下文in order to get cell service可知，两人被困在了几英里内没有手机服务(service)的地方。
44.A.temporary B.innovative
C.significant D.familiar
B　解析：根据下文“he ______ his cell phone securely to his drone”可知，凯西用无人机寻找手机信号，是创新的(innovative)方法。
45.A.ignored B.bettered
C.followed D.assessed
D　解析：根据下文the situation可知，凯西立即评估(assess)当时的情况。
46.A.recalled B.directed
C.played D.commented
A　解析：根据下文“a movie he'd seen recently...got to work”可知，他回忆(recall)起了自己看过的电影中的做法。
47.A.picture B.signal
C.view D.look
B　解析：根据上文“in order to get cell service, he'd need to get higher up the mountain”可知，电影里用无人机带手机升空是为了得到手机信号(signal)。
48.A.attached B.linked
C.adapted D.exposed
A　解析：根据下文“his cell phone securely to his drone”可知，此处指他把手机牢牢地绑(attach)在无人机上。
49.A.applied B.deleted
C.copied D.typed
D　解析：根据下文a series of messages to his wife可知，此处指他打字(type)向妻子发送了一系列的短信。
50.A.mountain B.forest
C.sky D.movie
C　解析：根据下文“The drone soared several hundred feet into the air.”可知，此处指把无人机和手机送上天空(sky)。
51.A.suggesting B.complaining
C.imaging D.praying
D　解析：根据下文“I have enough gas to get me through one more night”可知，他祈祷(pray)自己的汽油足够再支撑一个晚上。
52.A.lost B.located
C.hidden D.set
B　解析：根据语境及常识可知，凯西要获救就得告知他的所在位置(locate)。
53.A.picked up B.sent out
C.set up D.took in
A　解析：根据下文“They were saved！”可知，手机接收(pick up)到了信号。
54.A.dreams B.concerns
C.texts D.drones
C　解析：根据上文a series of messages及下文“They were saved！”可知，短信(text)成功发出，救援人员(rescuer)赶到了，他们得救了。
55.A.Characters B.Visitors
C.Researchers D.Rescuers
D　解析：参见上题解析。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese was the earliest truly global cuisine.When the first Chinese immigrants began to settle abroad, restaurants appeared 56.____________(subsequent).Yet Chinese food has the curious distinction of being both one of the world's best-loved cooking 57.____________(tradition) and one of the least understood.For more than a century, the overwhelming dominance of a simplified form of Cantonese cooking ensured that few foreigners experienced anything of its 58.____________(rich) and excellence—but today that is beginning to change.
In the book, Invitation to a Banquet, the James Beard Award-winning cook and writer Fuchsia Dunlop 59.____________(explore) the history, philosophy and techniques of China's rich and ancient cooking culture.Each chapter examines 60.____________ classic dish, from Mapo tofu to Dongpo pork, knife-scraped noodles 61.____________ braised pomelo pith (红烧柚子皮), to reveal a singular aspect of Chinese cooking, whether it's the importance of the soybean, the lure (诱惑) of unique ingredients 62.____________ the history of Buddhist vegetarian cuisine.Meeting local food producers, chefs and home cooks as she tastes 63.____________(she) way across the country, Fuchsia invites readers to join her on an unforgettable journey into Chinese food as it 64.____________(make), cooked, eaten and considered in its homeland.
Weaving together historical scholarship, mouth-watering descriptions of food and on-the-ground research 65.____________(conduct) over the course of three decades, Invitation to a Banquet is a lively landmark work to the pleasures and mysteries of Chinese cuisine.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《君幸食》这本关于美食的书的内容。
56.subsequently　解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词appeared，应用副词形式。
57.traditions　解析：考查名词复数。tradition意为“传统”，为可数名词，其前有one of修饰，应用名词复数。
58.richness　解析：考查名词。its为形容词性物主代词，空处应用名词。richness意为“丰富”，为不可数名词。
59.explores　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，此处为对书中内容的描述，应用一般现在时；主语Fuchsia Dunlop为第三人称单数，谓语也应用第三人称单数形式。
60.a　解析：考查冠词。 此处泛指“一道经典菜肴”，且classic的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
61.to　解析：考查介词。“from...to...”为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。
62.or　解析：考查连词。“whether...or...”为固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。
63.her　解析：考查代词。空处修饰名词way，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。
64.is made　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；it和make之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；且主语为第三人称单数，be动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
65.conducted　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语research和conduct之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且over the course of three decades表明动作已完成，应用过去分词作后置定语。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校科学俱乐部将放映一部科幻电影。请你用英语给交换生克里斯(Chris)写一封邮件，邀请他一起观看。内容包括：
1.电影简介；
2.放映时间、地点。
注意：词数80左右。
Dear Chris，
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Best regards，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Chris，
How's it going I have a piece of good news to share with you.In order to enrich our after-class life, broaden our horizons and inspire our imagination, the science club in our school is planning to play a science fiction movie this weekend.
The movie is an exciting science fiction shot by Chinese and has been a hit ever since it came out.I know you are a super fan of sci-fi movies, so I invite you to come to watch it together.The movie will start at 5 p.m.on Saturday in the lecture room 301.Please arrive twenty minutes earlier.
Have a good time!
Best__regards，
Li__Hua
第二节(满分25 分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I wrote my first poem.My mother read the little poem and began to cry out, “Buddy, I can't believe it.What a wonderful poem！” My eyes twinkled when she poured out her praise.“What time will Dad be home？” I asked.I could hardly wait to show him, expecting the praise from an editor of Times.
I spent the best part of that afternoon preparing for his arrival.First, I wrote the poem out to the best of my ability.Then I drew pictures to match this greatest poem.As seven o'clock drew near, I confidently placed it on my father's plate on the dining room table, waiting for him to appreciate this wonderful poem of mine.
That evening when my father burst in, his mood seemed even more thunderous than usual.An hour late for dinner, he did not sit down but circled the long dining room table with a drink in his hand, complaining non-stop about his employees.Under my steady stare, he paused and glared at his plate.There was an awful silence.“What's this？” he reached for the paper and read it.Then he dropped the poem back on the table, saying, “Awful！” My eyes were getting wet.
“Ben, Buddy is just a little boy.These are the first lines of poetry he's ever produced.He needs encouragement，” my mother said.But my father disagreed, “Isn't there enough terrible poetry in the world already No law says Buddy has to become a poet.” They quarreled over it.I couldn't stand it another second.I ran from the dining room, crying.A sad story, but you know, the family wounds healed (痊愈).My mother began talking to my father again.I even began writing poems again, though I seldom exposed them to my father.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
One day in my senior high school, my teacher Mrs.Brown advised me to take part in a poetry contest. ______________________________________________________
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After the success, I came to understand the true meaning of “awful”.________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
One day in my senior high school, my teacher Mrs.Brown advised me to take part in a poetry contest.My first reaction was to refuse, with the word “awful” ringing in my ears.Sensing my hesitation, Mrs.Brown said, “It's a chance to prove yourself to others, isn't it？”“Yes, maybe my father，” I thought.In the next few weeks, I buried myself in writing, though.The moment I finished my poem, I gathered the courage to present it to my father, wondering what response I might receive.Reading quickly, he said another “awful” as expected.Suddenly, I heard the most beautiful voice, “Make it brief！” Quickly, I did so.The revised version earned me a grand prize.
After the success, I came to understand the true meaning of “awful”.My father's “awful” probably meant the high expectations he had of me instead of sharp criticism.From then on, I chose to seek further improvement in whatever I did.There was no doubt that my mother's praise could cheer me up and boost my confidence, but it was the discouraging word “awful” that stimulated my potential and pushed me out of comfort zone.The two conflicting voices were just like two opposing winds leading me towards perfection.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.The saleswoman felt guilty(guilt) about not visiting her parents more often.
2.They appointed(appoint) a new manager to coordinate the work of the team.
3.The declaration(declare) that he made at the meeting surprised everyone present, as it was completely unexpected.
4.The case was dismissed(dismiss) in the absence of any definite proof.
5.Julie was suspended(suspend) from her job shortly after the incident.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1.He admitted to being guilty of selfishness in his past relationships.
2.The director appointed him to__look(look) into those complaints.
3.The chairwoman was dismissed from her post for being unqualified.
4.Even though she faced numerous difficulties, she carried on with her life with dignity.
5.The government declared war on pollution, which was a crucial step to safeguard public health.
6.From the outside, this building seems more like a school than a church.
7.The lawyer listened with full attention, trying(try) not to miss any point.
8.It is obvious that the girl is attached to the toy selected by her mother.
维度三　完成句子
1.大厅里坐着两位非常年轻的宇航员。(完全倒装)
Sitting__in__the__hall__were__the__two__astronauts who were very young.
2.他们说做出这个决定，与其说是出于气愤，倒不如说是出于悲伤。(more...than...)
They said that the decision was made more__in__sorrow__than__in__anger.
3.正是文化而非语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。(make＋it＋宾补＋to do...)
It was the culture rather than the language that made__it__hard__for__him__to__get__used__to__the__new__environment__abroad.
4.一个探寻小队进入山洞里，希望可以找到埋藏的宝藏。(现在分词短语作状语)
A search party went into the cave, hoping__to__find__buried__treasure.
5.有人宣称新政策将于下个月实施，这引起了许多市民的关注。
It__was__declared__that the new policy would be implemented next month, which raised concerns among many citizens.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Reading and Thinking】
Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots.Recently it had begun experimenting with a(n) __1__ robot.It was going to be __2__ by Larry's wife, Claire.Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.It would be a __3__.However, when she first saw the robot, she felt __4__.His name was Tony.He seemed more like a(n) __5__ than a machine.He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice, although his facial expression never changed.
One day, Claire mentioned that she didn't think she was clever.Tony said that she must feel very __6__ to say that.Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered __7__ by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.He always treated her with dignity.She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn't elegant enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social __8__ with a bigger salary.
1.A.educational B.cleaning
C.industrial D.household
2.A.packed up B.sold out
C.tested out D.tried on
3.A.danger B.bonus
C.money D.preference
4.A.alarmed B.interested
C.disappointed D.embarrassed
5.A.robot B.animal
C.monster D.human
6.A.excited B.surprised
C.unhappy D.curious
7.A.patience B.sympathy
C.expectation D.courage
8.A.position B.potential
C.effect D.classification
答案：1～5.DCBAD　6～8.CBA
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林选必二 U4】
Imagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you.How cool that would be！It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true.
At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines.One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward, including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions.Deep-learning AI has the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data through multiple layers, imitating the complex networks of the human brain.
The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality.Years before the term “artificial intelligence” was coined in the mid-1950s, the theory had been explored by Alan Turing, one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.However, for a long time, AI technology developed very slowly.A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.Then in 2017, a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.
Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, to name but a few.From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications.Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages, and machines can recognize fingerprints and even faces.
1.What is the basic purpose of artificial intelligence
A.To replace human beings.
B.To create intelligent machines.
C.To build castles in the air.
D.To control the development of computers.
2.When was the term “artificial intelligence” coined
A.In the 1940s. B.In the mid-1950s.
C.In 1997. D.In 2017.
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an application field of AI
A.Education. B.Finance.
C.Health care. D.Machine translation.
4.Based on the passage, what can we infer about the future of AI
A.It will be used in a few specific fields.
B.It will totally take over human jobs.
C.It will continue to develop and have more applications.
D.It will face many difficulties and challenges.
答案：1～4.BBAC
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·惠州高二期末)Summer is finally in the air, but that doesn't mean you can't still stay in and have a great movie night.Whether you're looking for something deep and thought-provoking or light for the whole family, there are many incredible films.
The Matrix(1999)
IMDb(Internet Movie Database): 8.7/10|Runtime: 136 minutes
The Matrix is a science fiction film that stars a famous actor as a hacker (黑客) who discovers the world he lives in is an illusion crafted by malevolent Artificial Intelligence.The movie presents the very best in technical filmmaking, winning four Oscars.With thrilling action and a complex story, it's a must-see.
American Symphony(2023)
IMDb: 7.9/10 | Runtime: 104 minutes
Even if you just watch the introduction to American Symphony, you will be in tears.The documentary (纪录片) tells the story of a Grammy winner and his wife.It's a beautiful tale of love and resilience, with Variety Magazine calling it “one of the best love stories seen on film”.
Nyad(2023)
IMDb: 7.1/10 | Runtime: 121 minutes
As expected from most sports dramas and biopics, Nyad shares a story of perseverance, the triumphs of determination, and a message of hope.It engages the audience with its solid foundation while entertaining through grounded drama based on reality instead of relying on cheap cliches (陈词滥调).
Society of the Snow(2023)
IMDb: 7.7/10 | Runtime: 144 minutes
In 1972, a Uruguayan flight crashed on the way to Chile, and the survivors of the wreck had to work together to survive in the treacherously cold weather. This real-life event is the subject of Society of the Snow.With a budget of 60 million euros, the film is the most expensive Spanish film ever made.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章为读者推荐了四部电影，包括科幻片、纪录片、体育剧情片和灾难片。
1.For those who value online scoring, which film would be their top choice
A.The Matrix. B.American Symphony.
C.Nyad. D.Society of the Snow.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据The Matrix(1999)部分中的“IMDb(Internet Movie Database): 8.7/10”可知，《黑客帝国》在互联网电影资料库上的评分是8.7，是这几部电影中评分最高的，所以《黑客帝国》是重视在线评分的人的首选。
2.What do the last three films have in common
A.They are high-budget films.
B.They are based on true stories.
C.They have the duration within two hours.
D.They have been successful at the box office.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据American Symphony(2023)部分中的“The documentary tells the story...‘one of the best love stories seen on film’.”、Nyad(2023)部分中的“As expected from most sports dramas...message of hope.”及Society of the Snow(2023)部分中的“In 1972, a Uruguayan flight...Society of the Snow.”可知，这三部电影的共同点是它们都是基于真实故事改编的。
3.Who is the passage mainly intended for
A.Film critics. B.Film makers.
C.Movie-goers. D.Cinema staff.
C　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了几部值得观看的电影，由此可推知，这篇文章主要是面向电影观众的。
B
(2024·厦门高二期末)Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, published more than 200 years ago, is often called the first modern work of science fiction—so much so that even people who haven't read it know the story: An ambitious young scientist named Victor Frankenstein creates a human-like creature from the spare parts of dead bodies, but he loses control of his creation, and chaos follows.It reflects the anxieties over new ideas and new scientific knowledge that were about to transform the very fabric of life in the 19th century.
Frankenstein is, of course, a work of fiction, but a good deal of real-life science informs Shelley's masterpiece, beginning with the adventure story that frames Victor Frankenstein's tale: that of Captain Walton's voyage to the Arctic.Walton hopes to reach the North Pole where he might “discover the power that attracts the needle”—referring to the then—mysterious force of magnetism(磁力).The links between electricity and magnetism were a major subject of investigation during Shelley's time, and a number of expeditions departed for the North and South Poles in the hope of discovering the secrets of the planet's magnetic field.
Erasmus Darwin is mentioned in the introduction to Frankenstein.There, Shelley claims that Darwin “preserved a piece of vermicelli in a glass case, till by some extraordinary means it began to move with a voluntary motion”.She adds, “Perhaps a dead body would be brought back to life; galvanism(电击法) had shown signs of such things: Perhaps the component parts of a creature might be made, brought together, and given life.”
However, Frankenstein serves as more than just a reflection on scientific effort; it is also a warning tale about the moral responsibilities of the creator.Victor's scientific experiments blind him to the potential consequences of his work.When he realizes what damage the creature has done, he is overwhelmed with regret.But he fails to relate to the creature, which leads to the miserable events that follow.Victor Frankenstein's failing isn't his over-enthusiasm for science but his failing to connect emotionally with his creation.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了玛丽·雪莱的《弗兰肯斯坦》一书的内容以及其对科学和道德责任的反思。
4.What do we know about Frankenstein
A.It is influential.
B.It reflects pop culture.
C.It targets scientists.
D.It is based on a real story.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Mary Shelley's Frankenstein...who haven't read it know the story”可知，《弗兰肯斯坦》具有很大的影响力。
5.Why does Captain Walton conduct his Arctic expedition
A.To map northern regions.
B.To uncover a mysterious force.
C.To trace the route of great voyagers.
D.To distinguish electricity from magnetism.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Walton hopes to reach...mysterious force of magnetism.”可知，沃尔顿进行北极探险是为了揭示一个神秘的力量。
6.What do Shelley's words in paragraph 3 focus on？　
A.The significance of galvanism.
B.Her inspiration for the creature.
C.The procedure for creating a being.
D.Her support for Darwin's research.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Perhaps a dead body would...and given life.”可推知，雪莱的这段话主要关注的是她对生物的创造灵感。
7.What message does Frankenstein convey
A.Adventure can inspire creativity.
B.Regret can lead to miserable events.
C.Creators should work out the origin of life.
D.Scientific creations should include moral considerations.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, Frankenstein serves as more than...moral responsibilities of the creator.”可推知，《弗兰肯斯坦》传达了科学创造应该包括道德方面的考虑这一信息。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·台州高二期末)When the weather starts to warm up, we love heading to the beach for a-few-day holiday.During one such trip, after several days of being __1__ on the sand, we decided to go for a drive.
We __2__ a car and drove to Key West to enjoy a drive on Highway 1.It was quite __3__.We kept our eyes glued to the __4__.The scenery was gorgeous and it felt like we were driving over water.As we __5__ Key West, suddenly Mr.Suburbia, my husband, stopped the car, __6__ his camera, and ran out, looking up at the sky—leaving me in __7__.
After a few minutes of looking and pointing at a shiny __8__ in the sky, he was pretty thrilled to __9__ he'd spotted a UFO.I should mention here that he loves his Sci-Fi movies and UFO shows and strongly believes we are not __10__ in the universe.
When finally at Key West, we stopped at a nearby store, and __11__ someone in the parking lot about that tiny thing.The man didn't even look up and __12__ responded, “Do you mean that radar blimp (飞艇)？” Later we __13__ that what we saw in the sky was a version of the flying balloon that the government uses to keep an eye on shipping hereabouts.
It is one of the __14__ travel stories that always come up when we talk about our trips.Still now, kids, now and then, __15__， “Remember the time when Dad thought he saw a UFO...？” and it always makes us laugh.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家的一次有趣的旅行经历。
1.A.upset　 B.lazy
C.sorry D.sympathetic
B　解析：根据上文for a-few-day holiday和语境可知，作者一家是在度假，此处指在沙滩上慵懒(lazy)了几天。
2.A.rented B.bought
C.fixed D.washed
A　解析：根据下文“drove to Key West to enjoy a drive on Highway 1”可知，作者一家在度假时租(rent)了一辆车。
3.A.hair-raising B.eye-opening
C.ever-lasting D.life-changing
B　解析：根据下文“We kept our eyes glued to the ______.”可知，大家都目不转睛，说明其令人大开眼界(eye-opening)。
4.A.beach B.camera
C.wheel D.window
D　解析：根据下文“The scenery was gorgeous and it felt like we were driving over water.”可知，大家应是盯着窗户(window)欣赏外面的风景。
5.A.passed B.reached
C.approached D.explored
C　解析：根据下文“When finally at Key West”可知，此处指接近(approach)基韦斯特的时候。
6.A.used B.grabbed
C.aimed D.adjusted
B　解析：根据上文“suddenly Mr.Suburbia, my husband, stopped the car”和下文and ran out可知，作者的丈夫突然停车，拿起(grab)相机，冲出去拍照。
7.A.confusion B.sorrow
C.anger D.disappointment
A　解析：根据上文“suddenly Mr.Suburbia...looking up at the sky”可知， 丈夫突然停车冲出去仰望天空，让作者感到困惑(confusion)。
8.A.jet B.star
C.object D.light
C　解析：根据下文“he'd spotted a UFO”可知，此处指天空中的一个闪亮的物体(object)。
9.A.guess B.explain
C.announce D.add
C　解析：根据下文“he'd spotted a UFO”和语境可知，作者的丈夫非常激动地宣布(announce)他发现了一个不明飞行物。
10.A.single B.alone
C.apart D.different
B　解析：根据上文“he'd spotted a UFO”和“he loves his Sci-Fi movies and UFO shows”可知，作者的丈夫认为人类在宇宙中并不孤单(alone)，还有外星人。
11.A.questioned B.warned
C.asked D.told
C　解析：根据下文in the parking lot about that tiny thing和responded可知，此处指询问(ask)停车场里的人关于那一个微小物体的情况。
12.A.casually B.eagerly
C.surprisedly D.politely
A　解析：根据上文“The man didn't even look up”可知，那个人随意地(casually)回答。
13.A.found out B.insisted on
C.put down D.complained about
A　解析：根据下文“what we saw in the sky was a version of the flying balloon”可知，作者的丈夫以为自己看到的是不明飞行物，后来才弄清楚(find out)是某个型号的飞行气球。
14.A.fictional B.strange
C.common D.funny
D　解析：根据上文内容和下文“it always makes us laugh”可知，这是一个有趣的(funny)旅行故事。
15.A.reply B.reflect
C.remind D.recall
D　解析：根据下文“Remember the time when Dad thought he saw a UFO”可知，此处指孩子们回忆(recall)以前的旅行经历。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　单句语法填空
1.I should have helped Peter with his work, but I had a lot of things to__do(do) myself.
2.We won't start the work until all the preparations have__been__made(make).
3.These small trees need taking/to__be__taken(take) good care of.
4.Every minute must be__made(make) use of to improve our spoken English.
5.The old man found the computer was hard to__operate(operate).
6.I was made to__decide(decide) to stay here for another day by the bad weather.
7.I received the sad news that he had__been__injured(injure) seriously in a motorcycle accident.
8.In the coming years, it is anticipated that self-driving vehicles will__be__adopted(adopt) widely by consumers.
9.It is the first time that the actress' performance has__been__recognized(recognize) by the director.
10.The new pen writes(write) smoothly, so it is sold out soon.
维度二　语法与写作
1.尽管我们不知道讨论了什么，但我们能感觉到话题已经改变了。
Though we don't know what was discussed, yet we can feel the__topic__has__been__changed.
2.他们现在暂时和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。
They are living with their parents for the moment because their__own__house__is__being__rebuilt.
3.我们半小时之后要开会。在会议上要做的这个决定将会影响我们公司的未来。
We're having a meeting in half an hour.The decision to__be__made__at__the__meeting will influence the future of our company.
4.那些旧桌椅值得修理一下以便再次使用。
The old desks and chairs deserve__to__be__repaired/repairing to be used again.
5.据报道，这个城市正在修建一条新的地铁线。
It is reported that a__new__underground__line__is__under__construction/is__being__constructed in this city.
维度三　语篇填空
We're in the class which 1.is__called(call) Class Nine.Recently, it 2.is__known(know) that Class Nine is the best of all because we all devote ourselves to studying.That's to say, we all 3.are__devoted(devote) to studying.For example, every minute that belongs to us 4.is__made(make) full use of, which sounds impossible, but we can indeed do it.By the way, our uniforms which 5.sell(sell) well on the Internet feel soft, leading to our wonderful performance in which we get 6.changed(change) in the singing competition.We are a united class where we respect each other.Generally speaking, some weak students need 7.looking/to__be__looked(look) after, so no matter what happens to them, other students in our class are willing to help them.In our view, every subject is worthy 8.to__be__studied(study).We strongly believe that hard as we study, we can get our ideal future and we'll become better and better.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·青岛高二期末)It happened at a bookstore last summer: My son Henry chose reading to his own taste.He was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown's middle-grade trilogy (三部曲). He then finished it in just two days.“Dad, why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad？” he tearfully asked me.I picked up the book myself.
The story is set on a remote island, where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island's creatures, and becomes part of the community.For my son, it was the first book he discovered on his own; the first to impact him with the mix of sadness and joy.
When I finished the book, I knew why Henry loved it.In our book club discussion, he described how Brown's pictures and words had made the story feel real.When talking about its final scenes, where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body, Henry cried again.His previous reading experiences had cheerful, “happily-ever-after” endings, but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions.I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments, but failed to fully convince him.
Once our discussion ended, Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it.He read the first two books repeatedly, so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects.
We both agree it is worth the wait.Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat for several continents：the poison tide. Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas—not just happiness and sadness but also, hope and disappointment, given the climate-change effect.
And, here's something special about Roz: Her physical clumsiness and confusion about life, conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth.Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place, much like a child's journey.Readers love Roz.They learn from her.Even better, they learn alongside her.Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book's sad parts, getting him ready to appreciate that, sometimes, sadness isn't a bad thing to feel.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子阅读了《荒岛机器人》后，被其内容所打动。于是作者也阅读了这本书，并领悟到悲伤也可以让人成长的故事。
1.What drove the author to read The Wild Robot
A.Its interesting characters and ending.
B.Henry's personal recommendation.
C.Henry's emotional reaction to it.
D.Its attractive well-designed cover.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Dad, why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad？’ he tearfully asked me.”和第三段中的“When I finished the book, I knew why Henry loved it.”可知，亨利对《荒岛机器人》的情绪反应促使作者阅读这本书。
2.What is one theme of The Wild Robot Protects
A.Family and community.
B.Man-robot relationship.
C.Exploration of the deep sea.
D.Worries of global issues.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Brown expertly balances between...the climate-change effect.”可推知，其主题是对全球问题的关注。
3.What makes Roz in the trilogy special
A.Her struggling experiences.
B.Her robotic power.
C.Her childlike expressions.
D.Her adventurous spirit.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And, here's something special about Roz...much like a child's journey.”可知，三部曲中的罗兹的特别之处在于她的奋斗经历。
4.Which message does this passage seem to convey
A.Misfortune highlights great art works.
B.Reading inspires children's personal growth.
C.Book series interest both adults and kids.
D.Robot stories find their own way to children.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Roz gave Henry the power to...sadness isn't a bad thing to feel.”可推知，这篇文章想表达的是阅读能激励孩子们的个人成长。
B
As artificial intelligence(AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare.AI is designed to imitate the human brain in decision making and learning，so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.
Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine.AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases.Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.
One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology (流行病学).Predicting disease outbreaks can save millions of lives by having resources ready if the worst should happen.Startup AIME has successfully combined public health data with machine learning and AI to create a prediction engine capable of anticipating epidemics months in advance with great accuracy.
Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances is in diagnostics (诊断学).Doctors base a lot of decisions on information from X-ray，CT and MRI images.Speeding up diagnoses from patient scans can rapidly improve patient care and puter vision AIs use pattern recognition to work through these images with incredible speed and accuracy.They have been able to outperform junior doctors and even senior specialists in some tests.
Cardiologist (心脏病专家) Rima Arnaout developed an AI that beat human experts at correctly interpreting echocardiograms (超声波心动图) by 92 percent to 79 percent.She said that despite the result there is no prospect of AI replacing human doctors any time soon.“As cardiologists，we read the images and then go to see the patient，” she said.“So we're both reading images and practicing medicine.I don't think that the second piece will be taken over so quickly.”
The acceptance of AI in medicine will continue to gather pace in the future as it becomes more widespread.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能系统在人类医学领域的应用。
5.What plays a big role in helping AI systems know of human medicine
A.Certain task.
B.Large data.
C.The skill to imitate.
D.The increasing demand.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在帮助人工智能系统学习人类医学方面，大数据发挥了重要作用。
6.Why is Startup AIME mentioned in paragraph 3
A.To illustrate predicting disease is possible.
B.To call on doctors to focus on public health data.
C.To prove it's a successful company in global health.
D.To let readers realize the importance of early success.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Startup AIME has successfully combined...in advance with great accuracy.”可推知，这里提到该创业公司是为了说明预测疾病是可能的。
7.What do we know about computer vision AIs
A.They do better than doctors in some tests.
B.They speed up diagnoses from patient scans.
C.They can rapidly improve patients' conditions.
D.They analyze information from X-ray，CT and MRI images.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Computer vision AIs use pattern recognition...even senior specialists in some tests.”可知，计算机视觉人工智能在一些测试中比医生表现得更好。
8.What do Rima Arnaout's words in paragraph 5 imply
A.AIs are not so smart as human doctors.
B.It's not easy for AIs to take the place of human doctors.
C.A cooperation between AIs and human doctors is a must.
D.Human doctors are playing a big role in practicing medicine.　
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中里马·阿尔瑙特说的话可推知，尽管AI在诊断环节表现更好，但AI不可能轻易取代人类医生，尤其是在治疗环节。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·盐城高二期末)Identity theft is a problem that affects millions of people each year.1.________ Thankfully, here are some simple ways to protect yourself from identity thieves.
Shred (粉碎) any documents you don't need, especially the ones that contain personal information.2.________ A personal shredder is an inexpensive and valuable investment in your security.
Protect your computer from viruses to stay secure online.3.________ You also need to put in a firewall and an antivirus and keep them updated.Many hackers gather personal information from computers and it is important to protect yourself against these attacks.
Carry only the minimum personal information you need at any given time.Never carry your credit cards, passport, and social security card in the same wallet.Make photocopies of all the cards and documents in your wallet to keep at home, or scan them and store them electronically.4.________
Safeguard your mailbox well.One common way for criminals to steal personal information is by searching through mailboxes.5.________ Therefore, it's important to keep your mailbox secure and check your mailbox regularly.When you have a choice between receiving emails and postal mails, go for the online option to reduce risks.If you are going away, ask the post office to hold your mail and forward it to another location.
Identity theft is an increasingly serious problem that is worth attention. It is much easier to take these simple steps to prevent identity theft than it is to get your identity back once it has been stolen!
A.Nowadays many personal documents arrive by mail.
B.It means a thief gets enough of someone's information.
C.Keep your password a secret instead of sharing it with others.
D.These records can be extremely helpful if your wallet is stolen.
E.Constantly update your software, including your operating system.
F.Some people are worried about this occurrence and are trying to avoid it.
G.Bills and credit card statements are examples of documents to destroy for safety.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了身份盗窃这一问题，并提供了一些简单的方法来保护自己免受身份盗窃的威胁。
1.F　解析：上文讲述身份盗窃是一个问题，下文讲述有一些方法可以避免，空处应是过渡句。F项承接上文，引出下文，介绍了人们担心会发生身份盗窃并试图避免，符合语境。
2.G　解析：根据上文“Shred any documents...contain personal information.”可知，本段主要介绍了撕碎任何包含个人信息的文件。G项是对上文的举例，符合语境。
3.E　解析：根据上文“Protect your computer from viruses to stay secure online.”可知，本段主要介绍了在网络中保护自己身份信息的安全。结合下文“You also need to”可知，空处应介绍保护自己不被窃取信息的具体方法。E项符合语境。
4.D　解析：空处位于段末，是对上文的总结；根据上文内容可知，本段主要介绍了备份自己的身份信息。空处应说明备份信息的好处。D项符合语境。
5.A　解析：根据上下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了保护好自己的邮箱。结合下文Therefore可知，空处与下文构成因果关系，应说明保护邮箱的一个原因。A项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·舟山高二期末)The more water people splash on you, the 1.____________(lucky) your life will be.That's the positive message from the water sprinkling festival in Xishuangbanna, in Southwest China's Yunnan Province.The festival is one of the most important festivals for the Dai people—an ethnic group mostly 2.________________(live) in Xishuangbanna, who recognize the festival 3.____________ the new year and organize activities like splashing water and dragon boat races.
“Water” is 4.____________ unique way of sending blessings to the Dai people on New Year's Day.The more you 5.____________(soak), the more blessings you will get.This is 6.____________ people express their feelings and wishes for the future.A visitor from the United States said two elderly women 7.____________(dress) in Dai ethnic clothes splashed water on him and he splashed back.Laughter and water twisted to make them feel like they were best friends, as if they 8.____________(meet) before.
Xishuangbanna is home to 12 ethnic 9.____________(minority) and boasts a border extending over 966.3 kilometers.Neighboring countries such as Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Laos also celebrate the festival, taking place in the mid-sixth month of the Dai calendar, 10.____________(rough) ten days before or after China's Qingming Festival.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了泼水节的习俗。
1.luckier　解析：考查形容词比较级。 分析句子结构可知，此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句型，空处应用形容词比较级。
2.living　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，逻辑主语group与动词live之间为主动关系，空处应用现在分词作定语。
3.as　解析：考查介词。“recognize...as...”为固定搭配，意为“把……认为……”。
4.a　解析：考查冠词。此处表示泛指，意为“一种独特的方式”，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
5.are soaked　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，空处为前半句的谓语动词，主语you与谓语soak之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语you为第二人称，be动词应用复数。
6.how　解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，表示“如何”，应用how。
7.dressed　解析：考查非谓语动词。be dressed in为固定搭配，意为“穿着”，空处应用过去分词作定语。
8.had met　解析：考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句谓语动词应用过去完成时。
9.minorities　解析：考查名词复数。根据上文12 ethnic可知，空处应用名词复数形式。
10.roughly　解析：考查副词。空处修饰空后的内容，应用副词形式。Period 4　Writing
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假定你是一名公司职员，且如今社会已经发展到了2080年。这时，照顾老年人成为一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求适时推出了一款家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：
1.可以在固定的时间做饭，并且做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；
2.可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3.及时处理突发事件，例如，在老人突然病倒时及时拨打电话向医生求助等。
请你根据以上内容写一篇发言稿，在发布会上向大家介绍你公司的这一科技产品。
注意：词数80左右。
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1.随着经济的发展，人们不得不面对各种各样的压力。
With__the__development__of__economy,__people have to face various pressure.
2.他们没有足够的时间陪伴家里的老人，这已经成为一个突出的社会问题。
They don't have enough time to accompany the old people in their family, which__has__become__a__prominent__social__problem.
3.为了解决这个问题，我们公司推出了一款专为照顾老人而设计的家用机器人。
To solve this problem, our company has launched a household robot designed__to__take__care__of__old__people.
4.这款家用机器人可以在固定的时间做饭，并且可以根据个人需要调整做饭时间。
The household robot can cook meals at__a__fixed__time and adjust the cooking time according to individual needs.
5.它就像是你的一个家人。
It is__like__a__member__of__your__family.
6.它也可以陪伴老人聊天、下棋、做运动等。
It can also accompany__old__people__in__having__a__chat,__playing__chess,_
_doing__exercise and so on.
7.此外，它可以处理紧急情况。
Moreover, it can deal__with__emergencies.
8.例如，如果一位老人突然病倒，这款机器人会及时拨打电话向医生寻求帮助。
For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will__call__doctors__for__help in time.
9.所以你可以说它更像是一个活生生的人，而不是一台机器。
So you can say it__is__a__living__human__being__rather__than__a__machine.
10.【读教材原句】　(教材P8)As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.
【记句式】　as引导时间状语从句
【学仿写】　用as引导时间状语从句改写句1
As__the__economy__develops,__people__have__to__face__various__pressure.
11.【读教材原句】　(教材P8)Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
【记句式】　as if引导方式状语从句
【学仿写】　用as if引导方式状语从句合并句4和句5
The__household__robot__can__cook__meals__at__a__fixed__time__and__adjust__the__cooking__time__according__to__individual__needs__as__if__it__were__a__member__of__your__family.
12.【读教材原句】　(教材P2)He seemed more like a human than a machine.
【记句式】　“more...than...”意为“与其说……倒不如说……”
【学仿写】　用“more...than...”句型改写句9
So__you__can__say__it__is__more__a__living__human__being__than__a__machine.
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One possible version：
Ladies and gentlemen，
Thank you for attending our company's launch event.As the economy develops, people have to face various pressure.They don't have enough time to accompany the old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem.To solve this problem, our company has launched a household robot designed to take care of old people.
First and foremost, the household robot can cook meals at a fixed time and adjust the cooking time according to individual needs as if it were a member of your family.It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess, doing exercise and so on.Moreover, it can deal with emergencies.For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help in time.So you can say it is more a living human being than a machine.
It would be a great help for you if you own such a household robot.Thank you for your listening.
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假定你是李华，是班级班长，在举行主题为 “未来科技对生活的影响” 的班会中，老师邀请你到讲台上发言，请你根据以下要点用英语写一篇发言稿。
1.未来科技在生活环境方面的影响，如智能家居让生活更舒适、环保；
2.未来科技在工作方式上的改变，如远程办公、智能办公系统提高效率；
3.未来科技对休闲娱乐的革新，如虚拟现实和增强现实技术带来全新体验；
4.总结未来科技对生活的重要性。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：虚拟现实(virtual reality)；增强现实(augmented reality)
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One possible version：
Dear teacher and classmates，
I'm very glad to make a speech here in class! This time I'd like to talk about something about “Future technology and its impact on life”.
With the rapid development of science and technology, our future life is bound to undergo tremendous changes. Our homes will become more intelligent and energy-efficient. Remote working will become more common, allowing people to work from anywhere in the world. When it comes to leisure and entertainment, virtual reality and augmented reality technologies will bring us brand-new experiences.
In conclusion, future technology will not only make our lives more convenient, comfortable, and efficient but also open up new possibilities. Thank you for your listening.
INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作二　读后续写强效篇——池塘主人墨菲夫人是“女巫”吗？
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无生命名词作主语是应用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分，包括物品、动作、情感、时间、地点、天气名词等。这种语法结构与汉语中习惯把人这个行为主体作为句子主语的表达方式不同，但是因其体现了英语语言的客体思维，反而在地道性上更胜一筹。这类句子一般简短易写，是读后续写中提分的利器。
情感名词作主语，即主语是表达情感的抽象意义名词。常见的有：joy、 nervousness、 fear、 courage、 presence、 anxiety、 astonishment、 anger、 shame、 silence、 satisfaction 等。此时，与其搭配的动词往往属于熟词生义，即词汇在语境下产生的新的意象。
请给下列句子选择合适的谓语进行搭配并进行翻译。
swept over　ruled　crept over　streamed down　choked　seized　took away　gave way to
1.Fear entirely seized him.
译文：他被恐怖笼罩了。
2.A chill of horror suddenly swept__over him.
译文：他突然感到不寒而栗。
3.Optimism gave__way__to doubt.
译文：乐观变成了怀疑。
4.Anger choked me.
译文：我气得说不出话。
5.Excitement took__away our breath.
译文：我们激动地喘不过来气。
6.Tears of joy streamed__down her face.
译文：喜悦的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
7.A cold feeling crept__over his heart and made him shiver.
译文：一种寒冷的感觉悄悄地掠过他的心，让他浑身发抖。
8.Embarrassment ruled the large meeting room.
译文：尴尬笼罩了这个偌大的会议室。
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]“I don't get it, Pete，” Janet said to her cousin. “Why do you fish at Murphy's pond if old Mrs. Murphy is a witch (女巫)？”
[2]“The fishing's great...And the old Murphy's house is over a hill behind the pond，” Pete replied. “We'll be okay...As long as we stay away from the house，” he continued in a low voice. “They say kids who go into that house are never seen again！”
[3]After they got to the pond, witches were forgotten. Pete sat on the old dock and threw out his line. Suddenly Janet saw something shining in the water and stepped forward for a closer look. The rotting (腐朽) wood of the dock broke under her. “H—e—l—l—p！” She screamed as she dropped down into the dark, cold water.
[4]Pete jumped in to help her. A wave of nervousness washed over him. “Quiet down！” He said out of breath as they got to the rocky shore. “You're not hurt. If you keep complaining, you'll wake the witch！” Then he screamed, “OUCH—H—H！” and lifted his foot. There was a deep cut on the bottom of his foot from a sharp rock!
[5]“Oh, Pete, you're hurt！” Janet cried. “I'll go for...” But before she could say “Help”， she saw an old woman coming toward them. Without a word, the woman picked up Pete and carried him up the hill. A cold, wet, and confused Janet followed. Fear seized her, but she also had a strange feeling that the old woman meant no harm.
[6]At the top of the hill, the woman walked to an old house. “Oh, p—p—please, Ma'am，” a frightened Pete begged. “Please don't go there. That's where the w—w—witch lives！”
[7]“That is my home, young man，” the woman said softly. “Do not be afraid.” At the front door, she said to Janet, “Please open the door.” Janet did, and the three went inside. Mrs. Murphy gently put Pete on a couch (睡椅), then disappeared into another room.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Mrs. Murphy returned with two warm blankets.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Mrs. Murphy smiled happily._________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
INCLUDEPICTURE "审要素lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../审要素lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
【Settings背景】
When&Where [1]Why do you fish at__Murphy's__pond if old Mrs. Murphy is a witch？[2]And the__old__Murphy's__house is over a hill behind the pond.
【Characters角色】
Who Pete,__Janet,__Mrs. Murphy
【Plots情节】
What [3]After they got to the pond, witches__were__forgotten.[3]She screamed as she dropped__down__into the dark, cold water.[4]Pete jumped in to__help__her.[5]Without a word, the woman picked__up__Pete and carried him up the hill.[6]At the top of the hill, the woman walked__to__an__old__house.　[7]Mrs. Murphy gently put Pete on a couch, then disappeared__into__another__room.
Why [2]The fishing's great...[2]We'll be okay...As long as we stay__away__from__the__house.
【Feelings情感】
How [4]A__wave__of__nervousness washed over him. [5]A cold, wet, and confused Janet followed. [5]Fear seized her, but she also had a__strange__feeling that the old woman meant no harm.[6]“Oh, p—p—please, Ma'am，” a frightened Pete begged.
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Theme(正能量原则) Peter was hurt when fishing at Murphy's__pond. Mrs. Murphy saved him and led them to her__own__house. Janet was amazed at the kindness of the woman who she thought was a witch.
INCLUDEPICTURE "巧构思LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../巧构思LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
每段三个微情节(Q & A策略)：注重衔接和冲突解决原则
第一段段首句：Mrs. Murphy returned with two warm blankets.
[Question 1]　What did Mrs. Murphy do for them
[Answer]　She__wrapped__one__blanket__around__Pete__and__Janet__used__the__other__one.
[Question 2]　What was their impression of Mrs. Murphy's house
[Answer]　Comfortable__and__cozy.
[Question 3]　What did they talk about
[Answer]　They__talked__about__the__pond's__ancient__magic.__Peter__and__Janet__realized__Mrs.Murphy's__house__was__a__safe__place__of__wisdom__and__care.__
第二段段首句：Mrs. Murphy smiled happily.
[Question 1]　How did Peter and Janet feel
[Answer]　They__felt__a__mixture__of__warmth__and__relief.
[Question 2]　What did Mrs. Murphy do to erase the remaining doubt
[Answer]　Mrs.__Murphy__showed__sincere__concern__and__continued__to__share__stories__of__the__pond's__magical__history.
[Question 3]　Did they change their original impression of Mrs. Murphy
[Answer]　Yes./Yes.And__they__realized__Mrs.__Murphy__was__a__protector__instead__of__a__witch.
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无生命名词作主语1　情感名词作主语
语言协同原则：应用高级词汇、句型和语法结构
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1.A wave of nervousness washed over him.(无生命名词作主语——情感名词作主语)
2.Fear seized her, but she also had a strange feeling that the old woman meant no harm.(无生命名词作主语——情感名词作主语)
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1.他如释重负。
A__feeling__of__relief washed over him.(无生命名词作主语——情感名词作主语)
2.珍妮特脸上露出惊讶的表情。
A__look__of__surprise spread over Janet's face.(无生命名词作主语——情感名词作主语)
3.她声音中的善良和言语中的智慧表明她是一个保护者，而不是“女巫”。
The__kindness__in__her__voice__and__the__wisdom__in__her__words indicated she was a protector instead of a “witch”.(无生命名词作主语——情感名词作主语)
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1.她把一条毛毯裹在皮特身上，说他的脚没什么大碍。
She wrapped one around Pete，saying__there__was__nothing__serious__with__his__foot. (v.-ing形式作状语)
2.珍妮特仍然湿漉漉的，感到困惑，用了另一条毯子。
Janet, still wet__and__confused,__used the other blanket.(形容词作状语)
3.他们在墨菲夫人的家里感到温暖舒适，一个温馨的壁炉安抚着他们的神经。
They felt warm and comfortable in Mrs. Murphy's house, with__a__cozy__fireplace__calming__their__nerves. (with复合结构)
4.她说：“你们两个现在安全了，”眼睛里流露出真诚的关心。
“You two are safe now，” she said，her__eyes__showing__genuine__concern.(独立主格结构)
5.珍妮特和皮特曾经对墨菲夫人很警惕，现在他们对这位所谓的女巫给了他们意想不到的帮助深表感激。
Janet and Pete, once wary of Mrs. Murphy, now felt deeply thankful for the unexpected help they__got__from__the__supposed__witch.(定语从句)　
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Mrs. Murphy returned with two warm blankets.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Mrs. Murphy smiled happily.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Mrs. Murphy returned with two warm blankets. She wrapped one around Pete, saying there was nothing serious with his foot. A feeling of relief washed over him. Janet, still wet and confused, used the other blanket. They felt warm and comfortable in Mrs. Murphy's house, with a cozy fireplace calming their nerves. As Mrs. Murphy cared for Pete, she talked about the pond's ancient magic—how it could heal and protect. A look of surprise spread over Janet's face. She was amazed at the kindness of the woman who she thought was a witch. Mrs. Murphy's house, not scary, was a safe place of wisdom and care.
Mrs. Murphy smiled happily. Her smile touched the deepest of their hearts. They felt a mixture of warmth and relief. “You two are safe now, ” she said, her eyes showing genuine concern. Janet and Pete, once wary of Mrs. Murphy, now felt deeply thankful for the unexpected help they got from the supposed witch. Mrs. Murphy continued to share stories of the pond's magical history, creating a picture of wonder that erased any remaining doubt. They chatted happily for the rest of the day. The kindness in her voice and the wisdom in her words indicated she was a protector instead of a “witch”.Period 2　Learning About Language
复习被动语态
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一、各种时态的被动语态形式
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(1)(教材P2)Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing.
现在她被一个看起来很像人的机器人照顾着，这让她感到不安。
(2)(教材P2)Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.
虽然克莱尔认为她被机器人同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。
(3)(教材P2)As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house.
由于他不被允许陪她去商店，所以他写了一张清单，上面列有他改造房子所需要的东西。
(4)The children are asked to clean their room every day.　孩子们被要求每天打扫他们的房间。
(5)A number of houses have been destoryed over the last 3 years.
许多房子在过去的3年中被毁坏了。
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以上各句中的黑体部分均为被动语态。句(1)、(2)中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为：was/were__being__done；句(3)中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为：was/were__done；句(4)中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为：am/is/are__done；句(5)中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为：have__been__done。
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被动语态的形式为“系动词be＋过去分词”，被动语态的时态体现在系动词be上。常见的被动语态形式如下表：
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/ are done am/is/arebeing done has/havebeen done
过去 was/were done was/werebeing done had been done
将来 shall/willbe done shall/willhave been done
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单句语法填空
(1)(2024·北京卷)On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood was__named(name) the world's oldest living man.
(2)(2023·浙江卷1月)Citizens of higher social classes were__permitted(permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
(3)(2023·天津卷)The wooden tower that is__being__restored(restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished.
(4)It was__built(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty.
二、使用被动语态应注意的问题
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(1)When the mother saw her daughter being taken good care of, she was very happy.
→When her daughter was seen being taken good care of, the mother was very happy.
当这位母亲看到她的女儿被照顾得很好时，她非常高兴。
(2)His words made me feel happy.
→I was made to feel happy by his words.
他的话使我感到高兴。
(3)My father is telling me an interesting story now.　
→An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
→I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
我的爸爸现在正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
(4)The nursing worker took good care of the old man, which reassured us much.
→The old man was taken good care of by the nursing worker, which reassured us much.
那位老人受到了护工很好的照顾，这让我们放心不少。
(5)As far as I'm concerned, everyone must be treated equally in education.
在我看来，在教育方面每个人必须得到平等的对待。
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句(1)、(2)中，主动语态变为被动语态时，宾语变为主语，补足语不动；句(3)中，直接宾语和间接宾语均可作主语，构成被动语态；句(4)中，当动词为固定的短语时，变为被动语态时不能把动词短语拆开；句(5)中，含有情态动词的被动语态的构成为：情态动词＋be__done。
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1.谓语动词带有复合宾语的主动句转换为被动句时，应将宾语变为被动句的主语，而将补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。　
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在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。
2.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语，或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。
3.动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
4.含有情态动词的谓语的被动语态由“情态动词＋be done”构成。
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单句语法填空/将句子改为被动语态
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)What should be__done(do) with such a beautiful place
(2)(2024·浙江卷1月)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes be__offered(offer) in smaller packs.
(3)He can't have been off long, for I heard him make a call in the passage just now.
→He__can't__have__been__off__long,__for__he__was__heard__to__make__a__call__in__the__passage__(by__me)__just__now.
(4)They will look after your daughter when you are away.
→Your__daughter__will__be__looked__after__by__them__when__you__are__away.
(5)My mother once gave me a special number to call in case I ran into an emergency.
→I__was__once__given__a__special__number__to__call__(by__my__mother)__in__case__I__ran__into__an__emergency.
→A__special__number__was__once__given__to__me__to__call__(by__my__mother)__in__case__I__ran__into__an__emergency.
三、主动形式表示被动意义
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(1)The idea sounds fine in theory, but will it work
这个主意理论上听上去不错，但能否行得通呢？
(2)This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
这种布料很容易洗，并且经久耐用。
(3)My wife tells me that this ladder needs repairing.
我的妻子告诉我这个梯子需要修理。
(4)I think the novel is worth reading again.
我认为这部小说值得再读一次。
(5)I have a lot of work to do at present.
目前我有许多工作要做。
(6)The water is not fit to drink, so hold out until we get to the shop.
这水不宜饮用，所以请坚持到我们到达商店为止。
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以上各句中的黑体部分均为主动形式但表示被动意义。
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1.连系动词如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、hear、appear、prove等后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
2.当wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cook、cut等不及物动词后加easily、well等副词时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
3.“need/want/require/deserve/...＋doing”结构用主动形式表示被动意义。
4.“be worth doing”结构用主动形式表示被动意义。
5.动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成动宾关系，且句中出现动作的逻辑主语时，要用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
6.在“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句型中，形容词后跟动词不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此句型常用的形容词有amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等。
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes(write) smoothly.
(2)The old bridge is dangerous; it needs repairing/to__be__repaired(repair).
(3)We still have many poor children to__take(take) care of.
(4)绕道去参观一下这个村子是值得的。
It's__well__worth__making a detour to see the village.
(5)新款手机在全球范围内很畅销。
The__new__mobile__phones__sell__well all over the world.
四、被动意义的其他表示方法
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(1)(教材P2)Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
拉里劝说她机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。
(2)(教材P2)How awful to be discovered by her.
被她发现了，这可真糟糕。
(3)The problem being discussed at the meeting is of great importance.
会议上正在被讨论的问题非常重要。
(4)You'd be fascinated by what is on display.
你将会被陈列的文物吸引住。
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句(1)、(2)、(3)中的黑体部分均为非谓语动词的被动式表示被动意义；句(4)中的黑体部分为“介词＋名词”结构，表示被动意义，相当于being__displayed。
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被动意义除了用被动语态表示外，根据具体情况还可以用其他形式表示。
1.非谓语动词的被动式表示被动意义
2.“介词＋名词”结构表示被动意义
on、in、under、beyond、above、past等介词后加名词可以表示被动意义。
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单句语法填空/同义替换
(1)All the work being__done(do) now is aimed at improving the living conditions.
(2)The plan to__be__implemented(implement) next month needs further discussion.
(3)We are considering various solutions, all of which are being discussed to find the best one.
→We are considering various solutions, all of which are under__discussion to find the best one.
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.To make way for the wide street, these houses need pulling/to__be__pulled(pull) down.
2.Mr.Smith felt upset for being__turned(turn) away from the concert he had longed for.
3.Everything will__have__been__done(do) by the end of the week.
4.The latest scientific theories are__discussed (discuss) further by leading scholars in various international conferences.
5.All work had__been__finished(finish) before the boss came back.
6.We are confident that the environment will__be__improved(improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
7.I have to go to work by taxi because my car is__being__repaired(repair) at the garage.
8.I was made to__realize(realize) what terrible problems we would face by the shocking news.
9.The historical novel to__be__published (publish) next month is based on a true story.
10.It's strange that fishing isn't as easy to__learn(learn) as it seems.
Ⅱ.语法与写作(按下列要求进行句型转换)
1.They are discussing the question at the meeting.(改为被动语态)
→The__question__is__being__discussed__by__them__at__the__meeting.
2.He hurried to the station, and was told the train had left.(改为“only＋动词不定式”的被动语态)
→He__hurried__to__the__station,__only__to__be__told__the__train__had__left.
3.It appeared that he had been questioned many times.(改为非谓语动词的被动形式)
→He__appeared__to__have__been__questioned__many__times.
4.I feel it a great honor that I will be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.(改为非谓语动词的被动形式)
→I__feel__it__a__great__honor__to__be__invited__to__speak__at__the__meeting__before__so__many__students.
5.They will give me a chance to play in this game again.(改为被动语态)
→I__will__be__given__a__chance__to__play__in__this__game__again__by__them./A__chance__will__be__given__to__me__to__play__in__this__game__again__by__them.

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