资源简介

Period 2　Using language
复习定语从句
(1)(教材P50)She couldn't, however, hide the line of sweat running down her forehead, which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio, but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.
然而，她无法掩饰从额头淌下的汗水，一部分是由于电视演播室里有些热，但更多的则是由于她害怕坐在她面前的这四个人。
(2)(教材P50)The place where this happens is a valley, a world away from any television studio.
她创业的地点在一个山谷里，这是一个完全不同于任何电视演播室的世界。
(3)(教材P51)Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses，which surprised many people.
因此，张悦决定回到家乡并种植玫瑰，这让许多人感到惊讶。
(4)(教材P51)As people say, “It takes a village to raise a child.”
正如人们所说：“养育一个孩子需要整个村庄的帮助和支持。”
(5)(教材P52)As someone who grew up in the country, Zhang already knew about growing plants.
作为一个在农村长大的人，张悦已经了解种植作物了。
(6)(译林选必四U3)Earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.
谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要的原因促使我们进入工作的世界。
(7)(译林选必二U4)A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
人工智能的重大突破出现在1997年，当时，“深蓝”这台分级计算机击败了国际象棋冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。
(8)(人教选必三U3)Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.
在此之前，由于游客数量的增加，漓江的水质受到了很大的影响，很多游客经常往河里扔垃圾。
以上各句黑体部分都是定语从句，其中句(2)(5)(6)为限制性定语从句，句(1)(3)(4)(7)(8)为非限制性定语从句。句(1)(3)(4)(5)为关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语或宾语；句(2)(6)(7)为关系副词引导的定语从句，先行词在从句中作状语；句(8)为“代词＋of＋whom”引导的定语从句，该结构在从句中作主语。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1．关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作的成分
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物 主语、宾语
2.that和which的用法区别
宜用that的情况 先行词是all、few、little、much、something、 anything、 nothing等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时
先行词被the only、the very、the same、 all等限定词修饰时
先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时
先行词既有人又有物时
宜用which的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时
关系代词指物，且其前有介词时
3.as和which的用法区别
as as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as意为“正如……、正像……”；从句的谓语动词多为see、know、expect、say、mention、 report等
which which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句之后，意为“这一点、这件事”，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系
as用在限制性定语从句中时，常用于以下句式：“such＋名词＋as(像……一样的、像……之类的)”“the same＋名词＋as(与……相同)”。
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作的成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词或抽象名词(situation、 point、activity、 case、 stage等) 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
2．“名词/代词/数词/比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”通常引导非限制性定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。
3．当“介词＋关系代词”结构在定语从句中作时间或地点状语时，常常可以与关系副词when/where互换。
用适当的关系词填空
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
(2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念)Tang Xianzu, who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown.
(3)(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
(4)(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place that/which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
(5)(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.
(6)(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
(7)(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
(8)The earliest batch of tea is often ready to be picked before Qingming, which is observed in early April when the temperature begins to rise and rainfall increases.
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1．(2023·浙江卷1月)Instructors are passionate educators who/that are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
2．(2022·浙江卷1月)The downturn hit the real estate (房地产) firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.
3．It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives.
4．For those who want to experience the hustle and bustle of Chengdu, Chunxi Road and Taikoo Li in the city center are the top choices.
5．My connection with pandas goes back to my days in the mid-1980s，when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas.
6．The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
7．Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants, where eating doesn't take much time.
8．Kae, whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
9．Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday I heard he was ill and couldn't come.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．他在一所离他家大约500英里的学校学习。
He is studying at a school which/that is about 5 0 0 miles away from his home．
2．一些大学生开展了一项活动，在活动期间一整天不使用手机。
Some college students carried out a campaign where they spent their whole day without using cell phones．
3．正如报告所显示的那样，这个城市的空气质量在过去的两个月里有所改善。
The air quality in the city，as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
4．你也可以与你信任的人分享你不开心的事情并且倾听他们的建议。
You can also share your unhappy things with somebody whom/who you trust and listen to their suggestions.INCLUDEPICTURE "英WYXZXBX4Unit4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "英WYXZXBX4Unit4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
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1．Blank A．time, knowledge, ideas, etc. that you put into work,
a project, etc.
2．dizzy B．an extra amount of money that is added to a payment
3．potential C．a person who knows a lot about a particular subject and
is employed to give advice about it to other people　
4．input D．showing no feeling
5．phase E．help or advice that is given to sb.
6．purchase F．the system of transporting and delivering goods
7．distribution G．feeling as if everything is spinning around you and that you are
not able to balance
8．bonus H．a stage in a process of change or development
9．Guidance I. to buy sth.
10．consultant J．the possibility of sth. happening or being developed or used
答案：1～5.DGJAH　6～10.IFBEC
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Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure
1．Genre:______________
A．Exposition (说明文).
B．Narration (记叙文).
C．News Feature (新闻特写).
答案：C
2．Structure and Clues：
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答案：(1)Reasons　(2)business　(3)Challenges　(4)advice
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
It mainly talks about Zhang Yue's entrepreneurial experience and suggestions for young people．
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1．Read Part 1 and answer the following questions.
(1)Why was Zhang Yue so nervous
A．Because the weather was hot.
B．Because she was afraid of the four people sitting in front of her.
C．Because she was weak.
D．Because she couldn't think of what she could speak.
答案：B
(2)What does the saying imply in paragraph 2
A．To succeed, you have to seize the opportunity and act early.
B．To pick the flowers before sunrise, you need to get up early.
C．To make a success of the business, you need to face many challenges.
D．To become a successful entrepreneur, you need to learn as much as possible.
答案：A
2．Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)Why did Zhang Yue decide to return to her home town after graduation
A．To take care of her parents.
B．To help her parents grow roses.
C．To surprise local villagers.
D．To start a business to benefit her home town.
答案：D
(2)What did many people think of Zhang Yue's decision
A．Admirable. B．Crazy.
C．Surprising. D．Absurd.
答案：C
(3)Which is TRUE about Zhang Yue
A．She has dreamed of starting a business since she was a child.
B．She never thought she would end up growing roses in her home town.
C．She only used her own money to start her business.
D．She had to return to her home town to start a business because of her parents.
答案：B
3．Read Part 3 and answer the following questions.
(1)Why did Zhang Yue succeed
A．Because she got investment and support from more experienced business people.
B．Because she was bitten by the start-up bug.
C．Because she didn't meet with challenges.
D．Because she was lucky enough.
答案：A
(2)Why do many young people choose to start their own companies
A．The growing economy provides more opportunities.
B．They don't want to work for others.
C．They want to stay at home.
D．It is difficult for them to find a job.
答案：A
(3)What is the biggest challenge at the original stage of Zhang Yue's business
A．To get investment and the important input.
B．To persuade people to work for her business.
C．To get support from more experienced business people.
D．To know her own limits and those of the people she works with.
答案：B
(4)What was the villagers' attitude towards Zhang Yue at first
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Indifferent. D．Disapproving.
答案：B
4．Read Part 4 and answer the following questions.
(1)Which is NOT Zhang Yue's advice to the peers about starting a business
A．Don't be too ambitious.
B．Be realistic.
C．Seek guidance from expert consultants.
D．Expand investment scale.
答案：D
(2)According to Zhang Yue, many factors matter on one's road to success EXCEPT_____.
A．luck
B．a sound business plan
C．access to capital
D．good management and negotiating skills
答案：A
(3)What feelings does Zhang Yue have when seeing her peers dreaming of success and independence
She has mixed feelings.
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Zhang Yue once paid little attention 1.to roses even though she grew up with them. It was only after graduating from university overseas that Zhang decided to return to her home town and grow roses, 2.which surprised many people. So far she 3.has overcome(overcome) a number of obstacles in nursing her business to the success it is today. After she went on TV, a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing 4.to purchase(purchase) her product and help with its distribution, which helped her earn the locals' trust. “Now my product is one of the best in Asia. This year, I can pay all my fellow workers 5.a decent bonus，” says Zhang.
Zhang is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start-up bug. An increasing number of 6.enterprising(enterprise) young people are thinking of starting their own businesses. The majority meet with rejection while a few, like Zhang Yue, 7.are(be) lucky enough to get investment and the all-important input and support. Though 8.welcoming(welcome) the new entrepreneurial spirit, she advises that people be realistic and seek professional 9.guidance(guide) before rushing into things. “What 10.really(real) matters is a sound business plan, access to capital, and good management and negotiating skills，” she says.
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1．What do you think has contributed to Zhang Yue's success
_____________________________________________________________________
2．Have you ever thought about starting your own business？Give your reasons.
_____________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出单词对应的汉语释义
1．sunrise n. A．障碍，阻碍，妨碍
2．bug n. B．化妆品，美容品
3．obstacle n. C．制造商；制造公司，制造厂
4．manufacturer n. D．突然的兴趣，迷恋
5．cosmetics n. E．日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓
答案：1～5.EDACB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a high forehead 高高的额头
2．blank faces 面无表情
3．feel dizzy 感到眩晕
4．a big input of resources 大量资源的投入
5．the initial phase 初始阶段
6．purchase a ticket 购买一张票
7．a decent bonus 一笔丰厚的奖金
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.潜在地，可能地
2．enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的→enterprise n．公司→entrepreneur n．企业家，创业者→entrepreneurial adj.创业的，具有创业精神的
3．distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销→distribute v．分发；分配；分销→distributor n．分销商，经销商　
4．guidance n．指导，引导→guide v．指导；指引 n．导游
5．consultant n．顾问→consult v．咨询；请教；商量
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to(关于) whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.
2．His new luxury mansion was a world away from(与……完全不同的世界) the tiny house where he was born.
3．Compared with the past, today's city has changed greatly—the streets are busy and row upon row of(一排又一排的) skyscrapers are everywhere.
4．She used to be interested in fitness before, but now she is bitten by(热衷于) the travel bug.
5．She started out(开始) on her legal career at the age of 25, determined to make a positive impact in the justice system.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A．根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．独立主格结构
They stared back, their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next(他们面无表情，让人对他们接下来会说什么毫无头绪).(Para.1)
2．强调句型
(1)It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that(直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母时) Zhang realised the potential.(Para.3)
(2)It was only then that(直到那时) the locals began to believe me.(Para.6)
3．“It takes sth. to do sth.”意为“做某事需要某物。”
As people say, “It takes a village to raise a child(养育一个孩子需要整个村庄的帮助和支持).”(Para.4)
[分析]　此句中还含有as引导的非限制性定语从句。
4．advise后的宾语从句用虚拟语气
Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit, she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants(人们要现实一些并且寻求专业顾问的指导) before rushing into things.(Para.7)
[分析]　此句中还含有though引导的让步状语从句。
B．根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
1．The economy booming rapidly(经济快速发展), efforts are crucial. 2.It is entrepreneurs who(正是企业家) drive economic development. Of course, it is not easy to start a business. 3.It takes courage and innovation to start a business(创业需要勇气和创新). I strongly advise 4.that entrepreneurs (should) seize every opportunity (企业家抓住每一个机会), as if success were guaranteed by each try. Their success, with strong determination, shows that hard work and vision are essential.
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【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
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blank　adj.无表情的，木然的；空白的；空的　n．空格，空白处
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①(教材P50)They stared back, their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.
他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人对他们接下来会说什么毫无头绪。
②(北师大选必三U8)Mr Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy；and she lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket.
“肺炎先生”把他冰冷的手指放在了约翰西身上，于是她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子，眼睛盯着一堵空墙。
(1)go blank (脑子里)一片空白
fill in the blanks 填表；填空
(2)blankly adv. 茫然地；毫无表情地
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写出下列句中blank的词性及含义/完成句子
(1)(译林选必四U4)When I drew a still life (静物), it was impressed upon me that the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves. adj.空白的
(2)She stared at me with a blank expression on her face, as if she had no idea who I was or what I had said. adj.无表情的，木然的
背诵点　读后续写之神态描写
(3)He found a blank on the page and put down his phone number and name. n.空格，空白处
(4)站在一大群观众面前，我感到心跳加速，大脑完全一片空白。
Standing in front of the large audience, I felt my heart racing and my mind went completely blank．
背诵点　读后续写之情绪描写
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potential　n.(事物的)潜力，可能性　adj.潜在的，可能的
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①(教材P51)It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential.
直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母时，她才意识到这里的潜力。
②(译林选必四U3)An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee, which allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the position.
面试是雇主和潜在雇员之间的对话，面试官可以通过这种对话来评估求职者是否适合这个职位。
(1)the potential for (doing) sth. (做)某事的潜力/可能性
the potential to do sth. 做某事的潜力
realise/achieve one's (full) potential 发挥某人的(全部)潜力
(2)potentially adv. 潜在地，可能地
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)History has the potential to break(break) down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.
(2)Bringing together Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, rather than being in competition, is where the potential for great effects lies.
(3)(北师大选必二U4)According to the studies on astronomy, it tells me that there are millions of galaxies and potentially(potential)billions of planets.
(4)作为一名优秀的老师，她用不同的方法来鼓励她的学生们充分发挥他们的全部潜力。(汲取榜样力量)
As an excellent teacher, she uses different ways to encourage her students to realise/achieve their full potential．
背诵点　应用文写作之人物介绍
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start out　开始(生活、职业、重要阶段)；出发，启程；起初/最初是
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①(教材P52)However, like any entrepreneur who was just starting out, she still had a lot to learn.
然而，就像任何一个刚刚起步的企业家一样，她还有很多东西要学。
②(经典例句)She started out as a secretary but ended up running the department.
她起初只是一个秘书，但最后掌管起了整个部门。
start off (＝start out) 开始；出发，启程
start up 创立；组建；启动；发动
start with (＝begin with) 以……开始
to start with (＝to begin with) 首先，起初
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用start的相关短语填空/完成句子
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.
(2)Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed. So start with a firm handshake and a genuine smile when greeting the interviewer.
(3)首先，作为一个以汉语为母语的人，我的英语和汉语都很流利，这使我能够在这两种语言中进行有效的沟通，并搭建文化理解的桥梁。(个人发展与提升)
To start/begin with, as a native Chinese speaker, I'm fluent in English as well as Chinese, which allows me to communicate effectively in both languages and bridge cultural understandings.
背诵点　应用文写作之申请信
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guidance　n.指导，引导
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①(译林选必四U1)This means meeting deadlines for your schoolwork, following your teachers' guidance, and of course, always aiming for academic excellence.
这意味着按时完成学业，听从老师的指导，当然，永远追求学业的卓越。
②(人教选必四U5)In conclusion, career aptitude tests are clearly a very useful tool. However, it is important to remember that they are only meant for guidance.
总之，职业能力倾向测验显然是一个十分有用的工具。然而，重要的是要记住，它们仅供指导之用。
(1)seek/ask for guidance from sb. 向某人寻求指导
under one's guidance＝under the guidance of sb.
在某人的指导下
(2)guide vt. 指导；指引
n. 指南；手册；向导，导游
guide sb. to/through/around... 带某人到/穿过/参观……
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单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
(1)(人教选必四U5)Keep the parking area clean, guide new guests to the reception area.
(2)I couldn't be more grateful if you could take a little time out of your busy schedule to give me some guidance(guide).
背诵点　应用文写作之求助信
(3)I think you should seek/ask for guidance from(向……寻求指导) someone who has experience in this field, as they can provide valuable insights and help you overcome any challenges you may encounter.
背诵点　应用文写作之建议信
(4)正是在你的专业指导下，我们在英语方面取得了如此迅速的进步。
It was under your professional guidance that we have made such rapid progress in English.
背诵点　应用文写作之感谢信
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
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distribution　n.(商品的)分销，经销；分配；分布；分发
(1)distribute v. 分销；分配；分发；分布
distribute sth. to... 给……分发某物
distribute sth. among... 在……中分配/分发某物
(2)distributor n. 分销商，经销商
[微练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The company is the largest software distributor in the country, with a wide range of software products and a strong distribution network that covers both urban and rural areas. (distribute)
(2)我们鼓励参与者捡拾沿途的垃圾，并向路人派发有关环保的传单。
We encourage the participants to pick up litter along the way and distribute the leaflets about environmental protection to the passers-by．
背诵点　应用文写作之活动介绍
(3)随着高考的临近，我们必须设法以最好的方式分配我们有限的时间。
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, we must try to distribute our limited time in the best way．
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consultant　n.顾问
consult vt. 咨询；请教；查询；商量
consult a dictionary 查词典
consult sb. about sth. 就某事向某人请教/咨询
consult with sb. about/on sth. 与某人商量某事
[微练]——单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
(1)I see you've applied for the position of sales consultant(consult) in our international sale department.
(2)You'd better not consult a dictionary(查词典) every time you come across a new word when reading an article.
背诵点　应用文写作之建议信
(3)我写信是想和你商量一下我们定于周末的学习。
I'm writing to consult with you about/on our study scheduled for the weekend.
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
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forehead　n.额，前额
①(北师大选必二U5)As she did this，Anne touched Helen's forehead and wrote the word “think” on her hand.　在她这样做的时候，安妮摸了摸海伦的额头，在她的手上写下了“think”这个单词。
②(人教选必四U4)Tombe's father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house.
汤贝的父亲穆卡普——一位下巴结实、额头布满皱纹的男人——带领我们来到他的房子。
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dizzy　adj.头晕目眩的
①(人教选必三U2)I often felt sleepy and dizzy, and lacked passion.
我经常感到困倦和头晕，缺乏激情。
②(译林选必四U4)As the deadline approached, I had to stay up all night working on my laptop to complete it. The next day I felt dizzy and started coughing and sneezing.　当最后期限临近时，我不得不通宵在笔记本电脑上工作以完成它。第二天我感觉头晕目眩，开始咳嗽和打喷嚏。
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enterprising　adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的
①(经典例句)Debra is a very enterprising young businesswoman who is involved in a lot of activities.
德布拉是一个非常有事业心的年轻女商人，她参与了很多活动。
②(经典例句)While some people prefer to play it safe, she is enterprising and willing to take risks for greater rewards.　当一些人倾向于求稳时，她却很有进取心，愿意为获得更大的回报而冒险。
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input　n.投入(物)；输入
①(译林选必二U4)One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.　人工智能的基本目标之一是开发计算机智能，它能够从经验中学习，适应新的输入，并像人类一样执行任务。
②(经典例句)I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.　我将永远感激他的大量投入。
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phase　n.阶段，时期
①(译林选必四U1)Students, the time has arrived for you to fully accept your passage into adulthood. I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into confident young adults, who sit before me today, ready to embrace the next phase of your lives.　同学们，现在是你们完全接受自己进入成年的时候了。我见证了你们从紧张的高一学生成长为今天坐在我面前的自信的年轻人，准备迎接你们人生的下一个阶段。
②(译林选必四U4)Did this new phase of my life mean that I was now mature enough to be entirely responsible for my own successes and failures
我生命的这个新阶段是否意味着我已经足够成熟，可以完全为自己的成功和失败负责任了呢？
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purchase　v.& n．购买
①(人教选必三U1)Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved.
国王、贵族和身份显赫的人都想购买精准展示自己和所爱之人的绘画。
②(经典例句)If you are not satisfied with your purchase, we will give you a full refund.
如果您对所购之物不满意，我们将全额退款。
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bonus　n.奖金；红利
①(北师大选必四U12)My expectations were reduced to zero when I was 21. Everything since then has been a bonus.　21岁时，我的人生期望值降为零。从那以后，一切都是馈赠。
②(经典例句)Being able to walk to work is an added bonus of the new job.
能够步行去上班是这份新工作的额外好处。
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advise后的宾语从句用虚拟语气
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①(教材P52)Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit, she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.
尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现，但她也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。
②(经典例句)Experts advise that teenagers (should) spend at least 30 minutes exercising, five timesa week.
专家建议青少年每周锻炼5次，每次至少30分钟。
(1)advise意为“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语用“should＋动词原形”形式，其中should可以省略。
(2)有类似用法的动词：insist(坚决要求)、demand、desire、require、request、propose、suggest(建议)、command、order、recommend、ask等。
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)(北师大选必三U9)So far, it is still unknown what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up. Researchers insist that the science of cloning (should) be(be) further explored and advanced.
(2)Jane's pale face suggested that she was(be) ill, and her mother suggested that she (should) see(see) a doctor at once.
(3)我建议你做一些自己喜欢的事情来放松自己，比如听音乐、体育锻炼等。
I advise that you (should) do something you like to relax yourself, such as listening to music, doing sports and so on.
背诵点　应用文写作之建议信
(4)这个人坚持说他是无辜的，他会把此事诉诸法庭。
The man insisted that he was innocent and that he would take this matter to the court．
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suggest 意为“表明、暗示”时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。insist 意为“坚持说”时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．overcome a number of obstacles 克服许多障碍
2．grow wild 自然生长
3．a sound business plan 一个合理的商业计划
4．the road to success 成功之路
5．(be) surrounded by 被……环绕/围住
6．run one's own business 经营自己的生意
7．the all-important input and support 非常重要的投入和支持
8．end up doing sth. (尤指经历一系列意料之外的事情后)
最终做某事；以做某事告终
9．rush into (doing) sth. 仓促行事，匆忙行事
10．meet with rejection 遭到拒绝
11．pick the flowers 采摘花朵
12．the new entrepreneurial spirit 新的创业精神
13．in the hope of doing sth. 怀着做某事的希望
14．struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
15．mixed feelings 复杂的心情
16．the growing economy 不断增长的经济
17．take a deep breath 深呼吸
18．outside one's experience 超出某人的经验范围
19．enterprising young people 有创业精神/事业心/进取心的年轻人
20．start a business 创业
21．at the initial phase 在初始阶段
22．an increasing number of 越来越多的……
23．(be) in full-time employment 从事全职工作
24．nurse one's business 精心打理某人的生意
25．raise a child 养育/抚养一个孩子
26．career development 职业发展；职业规划
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential(潜力)without putting too much pressure on them.
2．Steve looked blank(无表情的) and said he had no idea what I was talking about, which made me very upset.
3．In my opinion, college students should have a correct consumption concept.They should purchase(购买) what they need according to their own economic levels.
4．Sarah Lynn, an educational consultant(顾问) and teacher, thinks English learners can improve their ability to remember and use new words by testing themselves.
5．Under your expert guidance(指导), we have had a better command of English than before and have achieved satisfactory results in recent examinations.
6．The company announced generous bonuses(奖金) for all employees as a reward for their hard work and outstanding performance this year.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．If he continues like this, he will end up(最终) lifting a stone only to drop it on his own toes, just as the old saying goes.
2．(译林选必四U2)You should not ignore the other person's body language, which will give you clues as to(关于) whether the conversation is going well or not.
3．(译林选必二U2)Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of(怀着……的希望) being recognized as the best of the best.
4．On either side of the main road are row upon row of(一排又一排的) high-rise buildings, forming a breathtaking urban landscape.
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[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.You can depend on the responsible consultant(consult) to help you out, because he is a reliable person.
2．Some enterprises in the community are owned by a few enterprising young people who want to start their own businesses. (enterprise)
3．People who are positive have the potential to live(live) a much happier life than those who are negative.
4．Under the guidance(guide) of my teacher, I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest.
5．(人教选必四U2)Australia has lots of unique animals, but which animal is a symbol of the country It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution (distribute) throughout the country.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Wide and clean road, row upon row of high-rises and fresh air after rain, the spring in Jinan gives you the sign of modern new district.
2．Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe and potentially discovering new habitable planets for future generations.
3．Mike was quite uncertain as to whether he could get along well with his new roommate, which made him a bit anxious about the upcoming semester.
4．Many college graduates started out in low-level jobs with low starting salaries, while some made great achievements several years later.
5．The simplicity of my childhood memories seems a world away from the complexities of adult life.
维度三　完成句子
1．在我看来，如果条件允许，每个人都应该尝试去追求自己的梦想，无论他们可能会面临什么挑战。(独立主格结构)
As far as I am concerned, circumstance permitting, everyone should have a try at pursuing their dreams, regardless of the challenges they may face.
2．你应该清楚地意识到讲一口流利的英语需要多年的刻苦练习。
You should clearly recognize that it took years of hard work to speak fluent English．
3．只有通过相互倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。(强调句型)
It is by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
4．老师建议我们在做出决定之前，应该考虑所有的可能性。
The teacher advised that we (should) consider all the possibilities before making a decision.
[重教材　群文阅读]
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Understanding ideas】
As someone who grew up in the country, Zhang already knew about growing plants. However, like any entrepreneur who was just 1 ， she still had a lot to learn. She has overcome a number of obstacles in 2 her business to the success it is today. “The biggest challenge at the 3 phase was to persuade people to work for me, which was 4 outside my experience. Few in the village believed I could 5 a multi-million yuan business from flowers，” says Zhang. “After I went on TV, a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to 6 my product and help with its distribution. It was only then that the locals began to 7 me. Now my product is one of the best in Asia. This year, I can pay all my fellow workers a(n) 8 bonus.”
1．A．starting out B．working out
C．standing out D．standing up
2．A．enlarging B．improving
C．nursing D．changing
3．A．final B．middle
C．last D．initial
4．A．actually B．totally
C．hopefully D．luckily
5．A．create B．gain
C．obtain D．choose
6．A．explore B．advertise
C．promote D．purchase
7．A．encourage B．persuade
C．believe D．praise
8．A．extra B．decent
C．unexpected D．normal
答案：1～5.ACDBA　6～8.DCB
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林选必四U3】
Work to live, live to work
If you were asked the question, “Do you work to live or live to work？”， what would your answer be Some might say that we work because we have to, not least because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent. It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed. Indeed, it could be argued that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work. However, earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.
Through the work we do, our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved. All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables us to pursue those dreams. Henry David Thoreau said, “...if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours.” Yang Liwei, for example, driven by his passion for flying, became a pilot and then China's first astronaut in space. Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be, work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of, and consequently, it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
Work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal growth. When we work, we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do. Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. Twenty years ago, positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist, and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now. However, it is certain that no one can afford to be satisfied with the status quo. In order to better adapt ourselves to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. This can add to our sense of achievement and our knowledge that we are developing as individuals while we move along our chosen career path.
1．Why do people join the labour force
A．Because they love work.
B．Because they want to be famous.
C．Because they need the salary for financial independence.
D．Because they are forced to.
2．What's the main idea of the second paragraph
A．Work is only for earning a living.
B．Work helps us achieve our dreams and gives a sense of achievement.
C．Henry David Thoreau's quote is the most important.
D．Only Yang Liwei achieved his dream through work.
3．What can we infer from the passage
A．Education is not related to work.
B．No one likes their work.
C．We don't need new skills in the future.
D．The workplace will keep changing in the future.
4．What does the underlined phrase “status quo” in the last paragraph mean
A．Present situation. B．New skills.
C．Change. D．Dream.
答案：1～4.CBDA
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city, more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends. For some young people, it is also a matter of making the quality of life for other people in their hometowns better. They also have a desire to improve and keep the natural and economic environments in these places for generations to come.
Born in a small village in Southwest China, Li Dan decided not to follow many of her former classmates to the city after getting her degree at university. Instead, she returned to her village and started her own fruit-growing business. Working hard over the last several years, and taking advantage of new technology and the Internet, she has expanded her business to agritourism. Moreover, her company's annual income has reached six million yuan and more than 50 new jobs have been created. As a result, her decision has also helped to reduce poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.
With China's population expected to continue rising in the coming years, the government understands the importance of agriculture. It also understands that university graduates can develop new, creative ways of farming using modern technology. To help these young people with their bright and innovative ideas, the government is providing financial help. Government policies that aim to remove poverty are also having a beneficial effect.
“Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be，” said Zhang Tao, from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province, adding that the air was bad, transport was terrible, and it was hard to make a decent living. What life in one's hometown offers is a strong support network, which is also a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly. Thus, it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to life in the country, where they can fulfill personal goals and contribute to their local communities rather than just being white-collar professionals in big cities.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了越来越多的年轻人选择留在自己的家乡，为自己家乡的进步贡献出自己的一份力量。
1．What do some young people hope to achieve by returning to their hometowns
A．To have a good marriage.
B．To improve the villagers' life.
C．To greatly change the natural and economic environments.
D．To escape the busy and hard city life.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For some young people...in their hometowns better.”可知，有些年轻人选择留在家乡是为了让家乡的人们的生活质量有所提高。
2．What can we learn about Li Dan from the passage
A．Li Dan returned to her hometown after meeting many difficulties in big cities.
B．Li Dan returned to her hometown with her classmates.
C．Li Dan can be so successful because a lot of villagers have helped her.
D．Li Dan has a meaningful life in her hometown.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As a result...many people in her village.”可知，李丹在家乡的事业帮助了许多家乡人，她的生活充满了意义。
3．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean
A．Life in big cities is wonderful.
B．It is hard to live a comfortable life in big cities.
C．It is good to live in big cities as well as in hometowns.
D．Life is challenging for white-collar professionals in big cities.
B　解析：句意猜测题。根据画线句下文“adding that the air was bad...hard to make a decent living”可知，大城市的生活并不像人们说的那么好。所以画线句意为“在大城市里很难过舒适的生活”。
4．Which of the following might be the best title
A．Dreams of Most University Graduates
B．Hometowns or Big Cities
C．Better, Greener Lives Away from the City
D．Life Full of Choices
C　解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段及全文内容可知，越来越多的大学生选择远离城市，回到自己的家乡过舒适的生活。C项最适合作为文章标题。
B
(2024·深圳高二期中)Millennials (千禧一代) who conduct “forward-looking financial strategies” tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives. Following a budget, saving money and shopping less have benefits “beyond the bound of personal finance”，according to a new study out of the University of Arizona.
For the study，researchers collected data from 968 young adults born between the years 1981 and 1996, starting when they were freshmen in college (ages 18-21).They followed up with the same students when they were seniors, and then two years later (ages 23-26).The study participants answered questions about materialism, their own personal finance strategies such as budgeting and any pro-environmental habits they followed. Students were also surveyed about their mental health，including how satisfied they were with their lives and how they'd rank their personal well-being.
“People who save money report better overall well-being，including less psychological pain，”Sabrina Helm，study author tells CNBC Make It. “And people who buy less and consume less show less depressive symptoms，so there's a positive mental health effect.”
Not surprisingly，the money-saving strategies improved people's financial satisfaction too.“It gives you peace of mind，” Dr. Helm says. “If you're able to put something aside for worse days，and manage to live within your means，it has clear positive effects on mental health.”
Certain sustainability efforts also have a similar impact on people's health and happiness. For example，researchers found that the students who consumed less to help the environment were happier than those who simply bought more “green” products. Although many people have been socialized to see products as solutions, simply reducing the number of things you use or buy might be the better tactic for your mental health，Dr. Helm explains.
“It's normal to get a product to cope with all sorts of things，” Dr.Helm says，“but that contributes to climate change.” Luckily，there are concrete tips to “step back from the consumerist approach”，she adds.For example，she suggests keeping a weekly purchase diary and creating a shopping list.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究结果表明，采用积极的财务策略以调整自己购买习惯的“千禧一代”，不仅能更合理地规划自己的财务支出，其带来的好处更是与个人身心健康等有关。
5．How was the study conducted
A．By making a comparison between finance strategies.
B．By keeping track of participants to collect their data.
C．By conducting a detailed survey about mental health.
D．By asking and answering questions about materialism.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，研究者一直在追踪同一批受试者，通过询问、调查等具体方式收集数据。
6．Which one of the following statements will Sabrina Helm agree with
A．Consuming less cures people of depressive symptoms.
B．Mentally healthier people buy more and consume less.
C．Saving money prevents people from psychological disorder.
D．One's financial strategies relatively affect overall well-being.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，存钱的人总体上会更幸福，消费很少、节约钱的人在身心方面相对会更健康。由此可推知，塞布丽娜·赫尔姆会赞成“一个人的财务策略相对来说会影响整体的幸福”这一说法。
7．What does the underlined word “tactic” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Influence. B．Attitude.
C．Strategy. D．Consumption.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段画线词所在句“Although many people have been socialized...for your mental health”可知，尽管许多人已经被社会化，但简单地减少使用或购买物品的数量可能是对心理健康更好的方法。因此，画线词tactic意为“方法、策略”。
8．Which is the best title for the passage
A．How Can You Keep Mentally Healthy
B．Saving Money Improves Financial Satisfaction
C．Millennials Who Buy Less and Save More Are Happier
D．Consumers' Shopping Habits Contribute to Climate Change
C　解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段内容并结合全文可知，本文讲的是千禧一代遵循预算，多存钱少购物能提升他们生活的幸福感和满意度。因此，C项最适合作为文章标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Travel almost exhausted my savings this summer.
When I 1 I had gone through all my credit card points, and my financial goal of saving 30% of my income wasn't 2 ，with so much of my money being spent on plane tickets, hotels, and food, I said no to a 3 who asked me to join him in going to Germany.
But my friend 4 my tendency to say yes and asked me if I was sure I couldn't make it work. 5 ， I thought about my priorities (优先事项) and gave myself a daily allowance.
6 to live up to my self-made promise, I sat down to run the numbers. To make it through the rest of the month without breaking into my savings, I 7 the maximum amount I could spend. The 8 was $30 a day, for about three weeks.
Competing with myself to 9 the number turned out to be a surprisingly satisfying 10 . In the end, I stuck to my goal and finished the month with my 11 on track. And I realised that a 12 amount keeps me much closer to hitting my target budget. I used to imagine I had pots of money every month, and that made it too 13 to overspend. So I made up my mind to 14 less later in the month. By sticking to my plan one day at a time, I was free from the 15 that I would run out of money at the end of the month.
And arriving in Berlin, free from a financial black cloud back home, made every apple pie even sweeter.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过制订每天的花钱总额来平衡自己的财务状况的故事。
1．A．predicted B．imagined
C．realised D．expected
C　解析：根据下文中的“I had gone through all my credit card points”可知，作者意识到(realise)自己用完了信用卡积分。
2．A．changing B．happening
C．passing D．failing
B　解析：根据下文中的“with so much of my money being spent on plane tickets，hotels, and food”可知，作者存钱的目标没有实现(happen)。
3．A．friend B．traveler
C．stranger D．neighbor
A　解析：根据下文中的“But my friend”可知，是一位朋友(friend)邀请作者去德国。
4．A．played jokes on B．took hold of
C．looked forward to D．took advantage of
D　解析：根据下文中的“my tendency to say yes and asked me if I was sure I couldn't make it work”可知，朋友利用(take advantage of)了作者说“是”的习惯。
5．A．Therefore B．However
C．Besides D．Instead
A　解析：根据上下文语境可知，空处所在句与上文为因果关系，朋友知道作者习惯同意，问作者是否确信自己做不到，因此(therefore)作者考虑了优先事项。
6．A．Glad B．Determined
C．Afraid D．Unable
B　解析：根据下文中的“to live up to my self-made promise, I sat down to run the numbers”可知，作者决心(determine)实现自己的诺言。
7．A．handed out B．picked out
C．figured out D．kept out
C　解析：根据下文中的“the maximum amount I could spend”可知，作者计算出(figure out)能花的最大金额。
8．A．total B．idea
C．extra D．problem
A　解析：根据下文中的“$30 a day，for about three weeks”可知，总数(total)是每天30美元，持续三周。
9．A．relate to B．give up
C．stick to D．hold up
C　解析：根据下文中的the number可知，此处指作者坚持(stick to)控制花钱的额度。
10．A．business B．moment
C．project D．challenge
D　解析：根据上文内容可知，此处指作者挑战(challenge)自己能否坚持预算。
11．A．finances B．plans
C．incomes D．gains
A　解析：根据上文中的“I stuck to my goal”可知，作者坚持了自己的计划，所以财务(finance)状况步入正轨。
12．A．weekly B．monthly
C．yearly D．daily
D　解析：根据上文中的“was $30 a day”可知，作者制订的是每天的(daily)花钱数额。
13．A．quick B．safe
C．easy D．good
C　解析：根据上文中的“I used to imagine I had pots of money every month”和下文中的to overspend并结合常识可知，每个月都想象着自己有一大笔钱，这太容易(easy)让自己超支。
14．A．waste B．spend
C．save D．lose
B　解析：根据下文中的“less later in the month”以及上文提到作者过去想着自己有一大笔钱，而这太容易让作者超支，所以作者想通过月底少花钱(spend)来弥补。
15．A．pain B．mistake
C．need D．worry
D　解析：根据下文中的“I would run out of money at the end of the month”可知，此处指作者担心(worry)月底没钱。Period 4　Writing
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INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作一　应用文写作——介绍无现金支付的说明文
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目前越来越多的人使用移动支付(mobile payment)，移动支付改变了人们的生活。请写一篇英语短文介绍移动支付，要点如下：
1.移动支付的优缺点；
2.你的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
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1.现在，移动支付变得越来越受欢迎，越来越少的人使用现金。
Nowadays, the mobile payment is becoming increasingly popular, and fewer and fewer people use cash.
2．我们没必要带钱包。
There is no need for us to carry a wallet.
3．我们将永远不会担心收到假钱或不得不数零钱。
We will never worry about getting fake notes or having to count change.
4．在中国，移动支付已大大改变了人们的生活。
The mobile payment has changed people's life in China greatly．
5．手机容易被偷。这样会使我们的银行账户不安全。
Phones can be stolen easily. It will make our bank accounts unsafe．
6．移动支付容易导致过度消费。
The mobile payment can easily lead to over-consumption.
7．只有这样，移动支付才能在我们的日常生活中发挥它的重要作用。
Only in this way can the mobile payment play its important role in our daily life.
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8．【读教材原句】　(教材P35) The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
【记句式】　with复合结构
【学仿写】　用 with复合结构改写句1
Nowadays, with the mobile payment becoming increasingly popular, fewer and fewer people use cash.
9．【读教材原句】　(外研选必二U5)Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
【记句式】倒装结构
【学仿写】　用倒装句改写句3
Never will we worry about getting fake notes or having to count change.
10.【读教材原句】　(教材P51)Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses, which surprised many people.
【记句式】　which引导非限制性定语从句
【学仿写】　用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句5
Phones can be stolen easily, which will make our bank accounts unsafe.
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One possible version：
Nowadays, with the mobile payment becoming increasingly popular, fewer and fewer people use cash.
There is no need for us to carry a wallet. Besides, never will we worry about getting fake notes or having to count change. In short, the mobile payment has changed people's life in China greatly. However, the mobile payment also has its disadvantages. First, phones can be stolen easily, which will make our bank accounts unsafe. Second, the mobile payment can easily lead to over-consumption.
Personally, the mobile payment is really convenient for us all but we should be careful. Only in this way can the mobile payment play its important role in our daily life.
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假定你是李华，某英文报社正在就“刷脸支付(face-scanning payment)的利弊”这一话题进行征文。请用英语写一篇短文并投稿，内容包括：
1．分析利弊；
2．展望前景。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Nowadays, face-scanning payment is very popular among customers, but it has both advantages and disadvantages.
As for its advantages, first, the payment can be completed quickly, thus avoiding long-time waiting in line. Second, customers don't have to carry a bank card, which makes payment more convenient. When it comes to its disadvantages, the most worrying thing is that face recognition hasn't reached 100% accuracy, which might lead to payment risks. In addition, customers' personal information may be revealed illegally.
Imperfect as it is, I believe with the improvement of face recognition technology, face-scanning payment will surely become more and more popular.
INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作二　读后续写强效篇——陌生人给小男孩庆祝生日体现爱与温暖
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读后续写中常见的人物包括：男性、女性、老人及孩子。因为续写语篇的特点，人物描写不宜过多过细；因此，视觉描写多集中于人物的外貌、表情，听觉描写通常涉及人物的嗓音及其他声音，触觉描写通常包括直接的肢体动作及带给人的感觉，嗅觉和味觉描写往往涉及口、鼻器官的动作。
请在横线上写出下列描写人物的句子对应的五感。
1．The chef sampled the food and announced that it was well done.味觉；听觉
2．The young man looked very tidy, dressed very smartly in his black suit.视觉
3．The gentleman at the door beamed and asked in friendly voice if my parents were home.听觉
4．My coach gave me a firm handshake and patted me on the shoulder with approval.触觉
5．She came forward, with a smile that could brighten up the entire room.视觉
6．The teacher spoke slowly in a patient and gentle voice, which miraculously calmed the panicked boy.听觉
7．Mom was cooking in the kitchen and tested its taste from time to time.味觉
8．At the sight of his grandchildren, his face lit up and his eyes twinkled merrily.视觉
9．Whenever Grandma is in the house, there is always the inviting aroma of her handmade cake.嗅觉
10．Light-hearted sounds of children's laughter filled the air.听觉
11．After a long day of hiking, all the children were both thirsty and hungry.味觉
12．The mingled happy chatter of the girls could almost tear the house down.听觉
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]As the afternoon sun bathed the local beach with its warm, golden rays, four-year-old William sat on the beach with a mix of expectation and confusion.His dad, Steven, sat by his side. They were waiting for William's friends to arrive and celebrate his long-awaited birthday party. William's wide eyes, filled with hope and happiness, stared at the shoreline, looking for familiar faces.
[2]He kept asking his dad where everyone was, and Steven just replied, “they're coming soon，” trying to ease his son's growing impatience.But the longer they waited, the more disappointed William became. When hearing that the two invited families couldn't make it to the celebration because of unexpected situations, he was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness.
[3]Steven watched his son, who had been eagerly expecting his special day for what seemed like ages. This year, William had been more aware than ever of his upcoming birthday, asking throughout the month when his birthday was, eagerly expecting a good time.
[4]Feeling a sense of guilt for his son's disappointment, Steven decided to turn to social media for help. He posted a lovely picture of him and William on the beach. Their faces were filled with a mix of hope and disappointment. The sincere words with the picture read, “William would love some friends to play with on the beach. To celebrate his fourth birthday, he has sand toys, dinosaurs, and we have some snacks and drinks. Any and all welcome. ”
[5]William's wish for companionship produced a strong response from the local people. They flooded the post with messages of support, birthday wishes, and offers to join the celebration. They were determined to make William's day special.
[6]“Going there. See you soon，”one warm-hearted local commented on the post, promising to bring her family along. The message aroused the same feeling from many others, who were quick to follow suit.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Soon, the beach was filled with scenes of joy.
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After hours of laughter and games, the sun began to set.
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【Settings背景】
When&Where [1]As the afternoon sun bathed the local beach with its warm, golden rays, four-year-old William sat on the beach with a mix of expectation and confusion.
【Characters角色】
Who William, Steven, the local people
【Plots情节】
What [1]They were waiting for William's friends to arrive and celebrate his long-awaited birthday party．[2]When hearing that the two invited families couldn't make it to the celebration because of unexpected situations, he was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness.[4]He posted a lovely picture of him and William on the beach. [5]William's wish for companionship produced a strong response from the local people．
Why [3]This year, William had been more aware than ever of his upcoming birthday, asking throughout the month when his birthday was, eagerly expecting a good time．
【Feelings情感】
How [1]William's wide eyes, filled with hope and happiness, stared at the shoreline, looking for familiar faces. [2]He was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness．[4]Feeling a sense of guilt for his son's disappointment, Steven decided to turn to social media for help.
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Theme(正能量原则) On William's Birthday, the two invited families failed to come. His dad Steven turned to social media for help, and the local people offered to join the celebration, which showed love and warmth.
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每段三个微情节(Q & A策略)：注重衔接和冲突解决原则
第一段段首句：Soon, the beach was filled with scenes of joy.
[Question 1]　What did parents and children do
[Answer]　Parents chatted and connected, forming new friendships and children built sandcastles and shared their favourite toys.
[Question 2]　What did the two invited families do
[Answer]　They sent their birthday wishes through videos.
[Question 3]　How did they celebrate the birthday
[Answer]　They ate cakes and gathered to sing “Happy Birthday”．
第二段段首句：After hours of laughter and games, the sun began to set.
[Question 1]　How did they end the birthday party
[Answer]　They said goodbye and headed home.
[Question 2]　How did William feel
[Answer]　William was overjoyed.
[Question 3]　What did Steven do on social media
[Answer]　He expressed his gratitude for the birthday wishes and support.
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遣词造句：五感描写人物
语言协同原则：应用高级词汇、句型和语法结构
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1．William's wide eyes, filled with hope and happiness, stared at the shoreline, looking for familiar faces. (通过视觉描写人物)
2．He kept asking his dad where everyone was, and Steven just replied，“they're coming soon，” trying to ease his son's growing impatience. (通过听觉描写人物)
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1．当他吹灭生日蛋糕上的蜡烛时，他的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦和甜蜜。
When he blew out the candles on his birthday cake, his eyes danced with joy and sweetness．(通过视觉描写人物)
2．当大家聚在一起唱“生日快乐”并分享这一甜蜜时刻时，蛋糕的香味弥漫在空气中。
The delicious scent of the cake filled the air as everyone gathered to sing “Happy Birthday” and share this sweet moment. (通过嗅觉和听觉描写人物)
3．他们回家了，脸上洋溢着喜悦。
They headed home, their faces lighting up with pleasure. (通过视觉描写人物)
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1．越来越多的社区成员来到这里，让威廉的生日变得特别，他们渴望分享一个小男孩的兴奋。
More and more community members arrived to make William's birthday special, eager to share the excitement of a young boy. (形容词短语作状语)
2．孩子们一起玩耍，建造沙堡，分享他们最喜欢的玩具。
Children played together, building sandcastles and sharing their favourite toys. (v.-ing形式作状语)
3．威廉周围欢声笑语。
Laughter and cheer surrounded William. (无生命名词作主语)
4．事实证明，正是来自陌生人的爱和温暖造就了威廉的一天，创造了甜蜜的回忆。
As it turned out, it was the love and warmth from strangers that made William's day, creating sweet memories.(强调句型)
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Soon, the beach was filled with scenes of joy.
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After hours of laughter and games, the sun began to set.
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One possible version：
Soon, the beach was filled with scenes of joy. More and more community members arrived to make William's birthday special, eager to share the excitement of a young boy. Children played together, building sandcastles and sharing their favourite toys. Parents chatted and connected, forming new friendships on the sun-kissed shoreline. The two invited families also sent their birthday wishes through videos. Laughter and cheer surrounded William. When he blew out the candles on his birthday cake, his eyes danced with joy and sweetness. The delicious scent of the cake filled the air as everyone gathered to sing “Happy Birthday” and share this sweet moment.
After hours of laughter and games, the sun began to set. The little boy's heart was filled with happiness, and he couldn't stop smiling as he looked back on the day's events. As the sun dipped below the horizon, it was time for their newfound friends to say goodbye. They headed home, their faces lighting up with pleasure. His dad, Steven, took to social media once more to express his sincere gratitude. “Thank you so much, everyone, for the birthday wishes and support，” he wrote. “I'll never lose faith in humanity.” As it turned out, it was the love and warmth from strangers that made William's day, creating sweet memories.单元过关检测(四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man like about the play
A．The story.
B．The ending.
C．The actor.
2．What might prevent the woman from buying the sofa
A．Its price.
B．Its quality.
C．Its appearance.
3．Why did the man go to Beijing last weekend
A．To meet his friend.
B．To do shopping.
C．To have lunch.
4．What time will the meeting begin
A．At 11 a．m.
B．At 1 p．m.
C．At 3 p．m.
5．How does Jack feel now
A．Confident.
B．Discouraged.
C．Pleased.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where does the gado-gado come from
A．India.
B．Thailand.
C．Indonesia.
7．What food does the man plan to try
A．Salad with peanut sauce.
B．Vegetable curry.
C．Noodles.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Why does Michael look tired
A．He hasn't slept well.
B．He has spent the whole night working.
C．He has watched videos all night.
9．What did Michael do at the weekend
A．He watched a concert.
B．He made a video.
C．He was busy online.
10．What will Michael do next
A．Get some sleep.
B．Write new blog posts.
C．Upload more videos.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Colleagues.
B．Classmates.
C．Husband and wife.
12．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．How to complete the presentations.
B．How to balance work and life.
C．What to do on the weekend.
13．What do the speakers plan to do this Saturday
A．Go to the seaside.
B．Visit an old friend.
C．Attend a music festival.
14．When will the speakers probably arrive at their destination
A．At 7：00 a．m.
B．At 8：00 a．m.
C．At 8：20 a．m.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Why didn't Gail help John yesterday
A．She felt that it was too hot.
B．She had to grade some homework.
C．She was struggling with a new project.
16．What does John want Gail to do today
A．Plant a tree in the backyard.
B．Put in new windows.
C．Make sure he is safe.
17．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Neighbors.
B．Co-workers.
C．A couple.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What does the speaker think of Patrick
A．Loyal and honest.
B．Stubborn and pessimistic.
C．Easy-going and supportive.
19．What happens to the friendship between the speaker and Patrick
A．They become impatient with each other.
B．They remain friends as usual.
C．They make little time for each other.
20．How often do they usually meet each other
A．Once a week.
B．Once a month.
C．Twice a month.
答案：1～5.CAAAB　6～10.CBBCA
11～15.ACACB　16～20.CACCB
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：Jack，how do you like the play
M：It's a simple story with a happy ending.But luckily it had a very strong actor and he managed to carry the whole play.①
(Text 2)
M：I really like this sofa.The patterns are so beautiful and the quality is excellent.
W：I agree.But I'm not sure if we can afford it right now.②
(Text 3)
M：Last weekend I took the train to Beijing to meet my friend ③ and he invited me to have lunch.How about you
W：I went there, too.I just went window shopping with my friends，but I didn't buy anything.I'm trying to save money.
(Text 4)
W：Would it be OK to have the meeting at 11 o'clock on Tuesday morning
M：That's fine，④ but it has to be finished by 1 p．m because I have a flight to catch at 3 p．m.
W：OK，got it.
(Text 5)
W：Jack was quite confident after the test.But he just got a
C．
M：No wonder he wears a long face.⑤
W：I hope he can be pleased as soon as possible.
(Text 6)
W：Look, there's a snack bar.Let's go now!
M：Okay，what food do you want to try
W：I am going to eat the gado-gado.⑥
M：What's that
W：It's a traditional Indonesian salad with peanut sauce.⑥ What about you
M：Hmm...I have no idea.
W：Do you want noodles, vegetables, or rice
M：I'd like to have some vegetables.Do you know if there are any spicy vegetable dishes
W：You could get an Indian or Thai vegetable curry.
M：I'll have a shot.⑦
(Text 7)
W：You look tired, Michael.
M：Yeah，I've spent the whole night updating my website and posting answers on the message board.⑧ I'm exhausted.
W：Were you up really late the night before
M：Uh-huh.I was up half the night watching a stream of videos.
W：You didn't sleep much over the weekend either.
M：I know. I was busy researching and writing new blog posts.I was also uploading videos to a video sharing site. ⑨ You should watch my videos.
W：I'm surprised that you can even talk to me right now. Your eyes are almost closed.
M：I know. I should really get more sleep.⑩ I spend too much time online.⑨
(Text 8)
W：There were lots of presentations for us to do this week.It was such a long week.
M：Yes！I nearly became a night owl. If I hadn't worked until midnight，I would not have finished all the work that the boss gave me.
W：We should spend some days relaxing or we'll be exhausted.
M：There's a music festival in Santa Barbara next Sunday.Maybe I'll go there next Saturday.But this weekend, I just want to have a good rest at home.
W：But spending two days at home is so boring.I want to do something more interesting，and something that can refresh my body and mind.
M：So what are you going to do this weekend？
W：I was thinking of driving to the beach. Would you be interested in joining me
M：Good idea.When will you be leaving
W：I think we can leave around 7：00 a．m. on Saturday.
M：Well, at weekends I like to sleep late. How about picking me up at 8：00 a．m.
W：OK.It's about a 20-minute drive from your house to the beach. We still have plenty of time to explore there.
M：Thanks for asking me to go with you.See you on Saturday.
(Text 9)
W：Hey, John, do you need any help with your house project today I saw you struggling a bit when you were on your own yesterday. I wanted to come over and help then，but I was really busy grading my students' essays.
M：Thanks for the offer, Gail.I couldn't ask you to waste your afternoon helping me，though.It's a difficult job，and the summer heat is not making it any easier.
W：Don't be silly. You have helped me plenty of times since I moved to this neighborhood. Do you remember when you helped me replace my old windows and put that apple tree in the ground？I can definitely help you with this.
M：I suppose you're right，but I don't want to make you climb on my roof. Would you just hold the ladder for me so it doesn't fall over？ I think without having to worry about keeping my balance so much，I will be able to work much quicker.
W：No problem. I can do anything to make you feel better and less dangerous.
(Text 10)
M：I really miss my old friend Patrick. He's always been there for me—really supportive, easy-going and a good listener， but I can't say we're really friends anymore，and it makes me sad. We have just started to grow apart. We call each other less often and don't see each other much either，maybe once a month. I think it's my fault.Maybe I didn't work at our friendship enough and just assumed we'd always be friends. But I think we do need to work on our friendship. Otherwise people grow apart.I don't know what to do about it. I will accept things as they are or possibly reach out to Patrick and try to make more time for him.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Many college students want to look for seasonal, short-term or part-time jobs to get extra cash, to stay busy or to get working experience.
Lifeguard
The job is a great opportunity to build your fitness, keep people safe and be outdoors to enjoy some fun on the beach in the sun. The average hourly wage for lifeguards is $9.31, but those with certifications or previous experience may be able to earn a bit more.
Nanny (保姆)
Students can find plenty of positions as parents scramble (争抢) to arrange activities and find care for their children. Students who enjoy spending time with kids, staying active and being outdoors can spend their leisure time making money without even feeling like they're working. Nannies make $14.56 per hour.
Camp Consultant
Students who enjoy spending their time with children, being a leader and monitoring fun outdoor activities are perfect for camp consultant positions. The average hourly wage for camp consultants is $9.28, but those with many years' experience or specific academic backgrounds may be able to earn more.
Food Server
Although it may not seem like the most attractive way to spend a weekend, working as wait staff allows students to build up their social skills, stay active, enjoy free meals at work and educate themselves about different cuisines. However, food servers need to be on their feet for hours at a time and must be able to multi-task like professionals, so take this into account before submitting an application. The average salary is $9.00 hourly, but tips can raise that number.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个适合大学生季节性的、短期的或兼职的工作。
21．Who are the two jobs nanny and camp consultant most fit for
A．Students who want to develop their social skills.
B．Students who love staying with children.
C．Students who love traveling.
D．Students who love camping.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Nanny部分中的“Students who enjoy spending time with kids...”和Camp Consultant部分中的“Students who enjoy spending their time with children....”可知，喜欢和孩子待在一起的学生最适合做这两份工作。
22．What should you take into consideration before applying to be a food server
A．The way of cooking.
B．The food you can enjoy.
C．Long standing time at work.
D．Skill in getting tips from customers.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据Food Server部分中的“However, food servers need to be on their feet for hours...”可知，在申请成为一名餐厅服务员之前，你应该考虑需要长时间地站着工作。
23．What job can you do if you're good at swimming
A．A lifeguard. B．A nanny.
C．A camp consultant. D．A food server.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据Lifeguard部分中的“The job is a great opportunity...on the beach in the sun.”可知，如果你擅长游泳，你可以做一名救生员。
B
Blake Mycoskie set up five businesses, but later he sold them all at a profit. Feeling a bit burned out from work, Mycoskie decided to give it a break for a while and headed down to Argentina for some rest. But rest isn't really part of a businessman's make-up. It's in their nature to keep having good business ideas.
On a visit to a village outside Buenos Aires, he was shocked to see that many children didn't have any shoes or, if they did, the shoes were badly worn. Since shoes—particularly the local farmers' canvas (帆布的) shoes—can be bought cheaply in Argentina, Mycoskie's first instinct was to set up a charity to donate shoes to the children. But after giving it some thought, he realized that this was not a model that would work. One pair of shoes per child would not make that much difference, because they wear out (磨损).And if he asked people to donate repeatedly—to provide new shoes for the same child every six months—the donors' sympathy for the cause might also wear out pretty quickly.
Instead he came up with the idea of“TOMS: one-for-one shoes”. He would take the canvas shoe to America, manufacture it and sell it as a high end fashion item at around $50 a pair. For each pair he sold he would donate one pair to shoeless village children. That way he could guarantee a continual supply.
Several years on, the business is very successful, supplying shoes not only to children in Argentina but also to other parts of the world. But can the one-for-one model be repeated with other products Mycoskie is doubtful. TOMS is a for-profit business, but does not yet make a profit. He says one-for-one is not an offer that you can just add to your existing business model. You have to build it from the beginning.
Some would also argue that the charity aspect is just a marketing tool, but in the end does that matter TOMS is making a real difference to poor children all over the world and Mycoskie is enjoying being a businessman more than ever.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了布莱克·麦考斯基一生经商，最后卖掉了自己的5家公司去阿根廷放松身心，却又做起为贫困儿童谋利益的生意的故事。
24．Why did Blake Mycoskie go to Argentina
A．To go for relaxation.
B．To seek business cooperation.
C．To look for new business ideas.
D．To learn to make canvas shoes.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Feeling a bit burned out from work...headed down to Argentina for some rest.”可知，布莱克·麦考斯基前往阿根廷是想要休息一段时间。
25．Why didn't Blake Mycoskie set up a charity
A．He wasn't interested in running a charity.
B．He had no real experience of running a charity.
C．A charity would make no difference to the children.
D．A charity could not donate shoes to the children continually.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可推知，布莱克·麦考斯基没有成立慈善机构的原因是慈善机构不可能持续地为儿童们捐赠鞋子。
26．Why did Blake Mycoskie set up TOMS
A．To help poor children.
B．To support a charity.
C．To win national fame.
D．To expand his business.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For each pair he sold...guarantee a continual supply.”可推知，布莱克·麦考斯基建立TOMS公司是为了持久地帮助贫困儿童。
27．What do we know about TOMS
A．It has made a profit.
B．It only supplies shoes to children in Argentina.
C．It gives Mycoskie a sense of achievement.
D．It can be a model for other kinds of products.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“TOMS is making a real difference...enjoying being a businessman more than ever.”可推知，该公司给了麦考斯基一种成就感。
C
For most people，money still means physical cash printed by a sole, public authority. Yet it may be short-lived, as cash gives way to the digitalization of finance and new means of payment may take over.The big change will have huge impacts on states, people and companies.
Does it do more good than harm Eswar Prasad, a senior professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University, says in his book Kill Bills, the Future of Money，it depends on central banks—whether they can embrace change without losing control.He insists the end of cash—likely within a decade or two—is revolutionary.
As for the trend that cash is declining，Mr Prasad explains that it is due to the fact that many people bank from laptops and make payments on their phones.Bitcoin and many other digital monies it has inspired bring about a more fundamental shift，which makes payments possible without the need for a trusted，central authority.However，banks remain dominant. Fearing this could do them out of a job，many central banks are beginning to catch up with the pace by developing their own digital currencies—CBDCs，which will upgrade the financial system.
Mr Prasad says they are more efficient than cash for settling transactions (交易结算). They could also provide support to digital-payment systems managed by private firms. They could offer “unbanked” communities access to digital payments and other financial products.And they may make it easier to track illegal transactions.
However，Mr Prasad fears CBDCs may be vulnerable (脆弱的) to hacking and bugs; they could kill private innovation and cause the instability they are meant to prohibit.The privacy of transactions will be lost.
He also manages to make the financial system understandable and interesting.His patient description of how it works includes numbers of well-researched examples and personal anecdotes.
【解题导语】　文章以《消灭纸币，货币的未来》这本书为核心话题，介绍了其主要内容——货币今后的发展情况。
28．What's NOT the cause of cash decline
A．Digital monies.
B．Digitalization of finance.
C．Financial system.
D．New means of payment.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As for the trend that cash is declining...the need for a trusted, central authority.”可知，现金使用减少是由于新的支付方式、数字货币和金融数字化。
29．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．Central banks. B．Bills.
C．Companies. D．CBDCs.
D　解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Fearing this could do them...the financial system.”和第四段画线单词下文内容可知，they指的是上文提到的数字货币CBDCs。
30．What's the benefit of digital currencies developed by central banks according to the passage
A．They could keep private firms from innovating.
B．People without bank accounts can buy and pay online.
C．People can bank from laptops and make payments online.
D．They make the financial system safe and understandable.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They could offer ‘unbanked’ communities access to digital payments and other financial products.”可知，没有银行账户的人也可以在网上购物和支付。
31．What type of writing is the passage
A．A news report.
B．A science report.
C．A book review.
D．A biography.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Eswar Prasad, a senior professor...is revolutionary.”和下文对这本书中观点的引用、介绍可推断，这是一篇书评。
D
Many people believe it is crucial to have gender equality in the workplace. But achieving equality means overturning centuries of social norms.Recent research by Oxford University suggests that sometimes it is women themselves who are limiting their career opportunities.
The study surveyed 3，698 students from 63 schools and colleges across the UK. It found out that female students tend to choose “worthwhile” jobs, while male students often go after jobs that offer big salaries. Researchers noticed that secondary school girls said they were more willing to accept low-income jobs like charity work or museum positions, while boys focused more on getting high-prestige careers, reported The Guardian.
“Compared with boys, girls are more concerned about each aspect of job application. They are more interested in careers that offer job security, in a cause they ‘feel good about’，” Jonathan Black, director of the Oxford University Careers Service, told The Telegraph.
China faces a similar gender gap. This month, a poll by Chongqing Morning Post indicates that female college graduates care more about their working environment. As for male graduates, career prospects are more important. “This has the knock-on effect that girls may be self-limiting their choice of careers, especially because the types of jobs they seek often have informal entry processes, like getting an internship or doing unpaid work，” Black said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。牛津大学最近的研究显示，有时是女性自己在择业时自我限制。与男性追求高薪、名望、职业发展不同，女性更关注工作环境，更倾向于从事有保障的职业。
32．What kind of job do girl graduates tend to look for
A．Well-paid. B．Promising.
C．Challenging. D．Safe and easy.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchers noticed...charity work or museum positions”和第三段内容可知，女性大学毕业生倾向于选择安全又轻松的工作。
33．How does the author develop the passage
A．By comparison.
B．By classification.
C．By order of space.
D．By order of time.
A　解析：写作手法题。根据第二段以及第三段内容可知，文章在论述的时候是将男性大学生和女性大学生的职业选择进行了对比，由此可推知，本文的写作手法主要是对比法。
34．What can we learn from the passage
A．Girls are fighting against restrictions in jobs.
B．There are not many jobs open to girls after graduation.
C．The gender gap in employment has narrowed recently in China.
D．Research in the UK shows that the gender gap exists in employment.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容和最后一段中的“China faces a similar gender gap.”可知，男性与女性在职业选择上的确存在性别差异。
35．What's the passage mainly about
A．Women's self-limit in career.
B．Social gender discrimination.
C．Men's attitude towards jobs.
D．Job application in the UK and China.
A　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Recent research...their career opportunities.”可知，文章介绍的是牛津大学最近的研究显示，有时是女性自己在择业时自我限制。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever had such an experience Go shopping and buy more than you need when you feel upset.36. __________________
According to a study, shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were 3 times less sad compared to those who only went window-shopping. More than half of the 1，000 consumers interviewed by Credit Karma said they had shopped to deal with feelings of stress or anxiety.37. __________________
In fact, shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure your blood pressure is lowered. Shopping to relieve stress is also jokingly called “retail therapy” (购物疗法) as a form of regulating stress.38. __________________ And that feeling following those purchases was long-lasting.
However, side effects of retail therapy can be relatively harmless at first but in the long term could possibly use up finances and cause conflicts, adding a significant amount of stress.
Preparing a list before shopping is the best way to avoid side effects of retail therapy. Whether you're purchasing presents or buying groceries, having the items you need written down will make you clear and sensible while you're shopping. 39. __________________ That way you'll be more likely to commit to it. You can buy a coffee while shopping or plan a fun activity when you return home.
40．__________________ Everyone's financial situation is parison usually leads to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have. Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude.
A．Reward yourself for sticking to your list.
B．Why do people tend to shop to reduce stress
C．Does overspending really make you feel happier
D．Think about what you struggle with most financially.
E.23% of them said they had maxed out their credit cards.
F.Give up the need to keep up with your neighbors and friends.
G.The study also found 82% had a positive feeling about their purchases.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何避免悲伤时花钱过多提出了一些建议。
36．C　解析：根据上文“Have you ever had...when you feel upset.”和下文“According to a study... went window-shopping.”可知，空处应与过度消费让人开心相关。C项符合语境，下文是对该问题的回答。
37．E　解析：根据上文“More than half...stress or anxiety.”可知，在接受调查的1 000名消费者中，超过一半的人表示，他们曾通过购物来缓解压力或焦虑。E项承接上文，继续说明调查结果。
38．G　解析：根据下文“And that feeling following those purchases was long-lasting.”可知，此处提到了进行那些购物后的感觉是持久的。因此空处应说明这种感觉具体是什么。G项符合语境。
39．A　解析：根据上文“Preparing a list... retail therapy.”可知，本段主要与购物清单有关。A项符合语境，A项中的 list 是原词复现。
40．F　解析：根据下文内容可知，本段讲的是感激现在所拥有的，放弃与他人比较。F项引出下文，符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After ten years of work, I determined to go beyond a nine-to-five job. Scanning advertisements, I learned a financial company was to 41 more consultants. With great excitement, I made an appointment with a branch president. That day, it went so well that I was 42 he would hire me on the spot. 43 ， he told me to come back for 12 more 44 with his top salespeople!
Over the next five months, every one of them kept telling me, “You are better off in a safe nine-to-five job.” “Eighty percent of newcomers 45 within their first year.” The more they attacked my dream, the more I believed I would have to “fake it till I make it”.
46 ， the last interview with the president came. “You've got the job！” he announced, and then added, “On one 47 that you must resign your current job, participate in our training and take a(n) 48 . It's 250 questions long and you must pass it without one point lost on the first 49 ！”
I nearly choked at the prospect of taking a huge step of faith into the 50 ．However, attracted by this great risk and with the 51 I had never had, I said, “I'll take it.”When the scores were displayed, I let out a loud sigh of 52 .
My experience 53 the truth of Thoreau's words: If one advances 54 in the direction of his dreams and 55 to live the life which he had imagined, he will meet success unexpected in common hours.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者辞掉了朝九晚五的工作，挑战一份新工作“金融顾问”的面试过程。
41．A．instruct B．employ
C．identify D．support
B　解析：根据上文“I determined to go beyond a nine-to-five job”可知，此处指了解到金融公司正在招聘(employ)更多的顾问。
42．A．skeptical B．glad
C．nervous D．positive
D　解析：根据上文“it went so well”可知，作者确信(positive)总裁会当场雇用作者。
43．A．Thus B．Moreover
C．Instead D．Then
C　解析：根据上下文语境可知，此处与上文构成转折关系。
44．A．discussions B．celebrations
C．bargains D．interviews
D　解析：根据上文“he told me to come back for 12 more”可知，总裁告诉作者回来再去参加12次他的顶级销售人员的面试(interview)。
45．A．fail B．insist
C．hesitate D．progress
A　解析：根据下文“they attacked my dream”可知，人们一直打击作者，此处指人们说80%的新人在第一年就失败(fail)了。
46．A．Gradually B．Eventually
C．Surprisingly D．Interestingly
B　解析：根据下文“the last interview with the president came”可知，最后(eventually)一次是总裁面试。
47．A．operation B．condition
C．position D．occasion
B　解析：根据下文“you must resign your current job, participate in our training and take a(n) ”可知，总裁提供给作者工作是有条件(condition)的。
48．A．exam B．path
C．break D．approach
A　解析：根据下文“It's 250 questions long and you must pass it”可知，作者需要参加培训并考试(exam)。
49．A．choice B．page
C．day D．try
D　解析：根据上文“without one point lost”可知，此处强调总裁要求作者在第一次的尝试(try)中不丢掉一分。
50．A．unfit B．unnecessary
C．unknown D．unpleasant
C　解析：根据上文“taking a huge step of faith”可知，此处指需要向未知(unknown)领域迈出一大步。
51．A．joy B．patience
C．courage D．fortune
C　解析：根据上文“you must pass it without one point lost on the first”和“attracted by this great risk”可知，总裁要求作者一次通过考试并且不丢掉一分，这是一次冒险，需要勇气(courage)去接受。
52．A．belief B．relief
C．sorrow D．regret
B　解析：根据上文“let out a loud sigh”可知，作者顺利通过考试，松了一口气。a sigh of relief意为“松了一口气”。
53．A．recognized B．tested
C．dismissed D．confirmed
D　解析：根据下文“the truth of Thoreau's words”可知，此处指作者的经历证实(confirm)了梭罗的话是正确的。
54．A．confidently B．freely
C．randomly D．lonely
A　解析：根据上下文语境可知，此处指如果一个人朝着梦想的方向自信地(confidently)走下去，努力(attempt)按照想象中的方式去生活。
55．A．threatens B．agrees
C．attempts D．promises
C　解析：参见上题解析。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Digital technology is being increasingly adopted 56. __________ (carry) out economic and social activities, and is deeply transforming production patterns and people's lifestyles. However, it is important that the adoption of digital technology in developing countries does not 57.__________(wide) the gap between rich and poor. In China, e-commerce (电子商务) and poverty alleviation (扶贫) programmes 58. __________ (support) by big data have had positive effects on fighting poverty.
E-commerce promotes growth in incomes for the poor. China has the world's fastest-growing e-commerce market, 59. __________ more than 40 per cent of global e-commerce transactions (交易) take place.Many poor people have benefited 60. __________ the booming e-commerce industry.For example, in the past years, the National Rural E-commerce Comprehensive Demonstration Project 61. __________ (help) nearly 3 million poor families realise income growth.Besides，e-commerce platforms have greatly increased the possibility 62. __________ the small and micro businesses enter the market. Rural residents can now display 63. __________ (they) farm produce and handicrafts online and find buyers, thus increasing sales.Also, e-commerce drives the development of whole industrial chains, creating job opportunities and providing diverse options for rural labour.
Digital technology has been playing a positive role in China's poverty 64. __________ (reduce). Governments at all levels keep an open and encouraging attitude towards the development of the digital economy and 65. __________ (active) cooperate with digital companies to better identify and help the poor.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字技术深刻地改变着人们的生产模式和生活方式，在中国，电子商务和大数据支持的扶贫项目对扶贫事业产生了积极的影响。
56．to carry　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式表示目的。
57．widen　解析：考查词性转换。根据does not并分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词原形。
58．supported　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词。主语poverty alleviation programmes和support之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。
59．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是market，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。
60．from/by　解析：考查介词。benefit from/by是固定搭配，意为“从……中受益”。
61．has helped　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。主语是the National Rural E-commerce Comprehensive Demonstration Project，谓语动词应用单数形式；根据时间状语in the past years可知，句子时态应用现在完成时。
62．that　解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，作the possibility的同位语；同位语从句“the small and micro businesses enter the market”成分完整，此处应用引导词that，that在从句中不充当成分。
63．their　解析：考查代词。根据空处后面的名词短语farm produce and handicrafts可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。
64．reduction　解析：考查词性转换。根据in China's poverty可知，此处应用名词，in China's poverty reduction意为“在中国的减贫工作中”。
65．actively　解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰动词短语cooperate with，应用副词作状语。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，下周你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Learning for Life”为主题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.终身学习的重要性；
2.如何做到终身学习；
3.呼吁大家终身学习。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your listening!
One possible version：
Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua. Today I'd like to talk about “Learning for Life”. In today's fast-paced world, lifelong learning is vital. It empowers us to keep up with change, enhancing personal growth and career prospects.
To achieve this, we must cultivate a thirst for knowledge. Read widely, explore diverse fields, and embrace online courses. Setting goals and holding ourselves accountable are key. Additionally, we should practice active listening and engage in discussions, which can foster deeper understanding. So I urge you all to make lifelong learning a lifestyle. Let's not be satisfied with what we know. Remember, it's not just about learning to live, but living to learn. Let's embark on this thrilling quest together, for the joy of learning knows no limits.
Thanks for your listening!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Annie was having an awful day. And it had only just begun. Her car had a flat tire in the morning. She spilled coffee on her shirt and even worse, the man behind the counter had given her incorrect change (零钱). And now she was running late for work—another shift (轮班工作) at the grocery store.
Annie pulled into the grocery store parking lot, opened her car door and immediately stepped into a puddle (水坑). She let out a loud sigh and angrily headed toward the store.
She paused briefly to wipe off her feet and heard two ladies chatting.
“I'm so sorry to hear about your job, Mary.”
“Thank you, Sarah. So many people have been fired recently. It's worrying, but I'll figure something out.”
Briefly, Annie felt slightly jealous of the woman. She would give anything to not have to be at work this morning.
She dropped off her things in the break room and put on her uniform. Then, she made her way to her register for another long day, hoping that her luck would change. But her first customer spilled a bottle of juice on her counter, leaving it sticky well after he had paid and left. Another insisted on paying in all change, holding up her line for ages. Annie was close to just throwing in the towel and asking to leave early. But she figured she would have to wait until she went on break. That way, she'd have time to think of an excuse.
Annie absent-mindedly continued to ring up (把销售额记入收款机) her next customer's groceries, placing them in the bag before reading out the total.
“It comes to $44.97，” Annie said.
There was a brief pause, and when she looked up, she saw Mary—the woman she heard chatting in the parking lot.
Mary pulled her wallet from her large bag and opened it. She bit her lip and blushed (脸红). Annie could see that she didn't have enough to pay as she reached to start taking some of the items out of the grocery bag.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Annie reached out and stopped her.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Mary's tears made Annie realize that she had been so selfish.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Annie reached out and stopped her. She had had enough and couldn't bear it any longer. All she wanted was a break. Impatiently, Annie asked Mary to step aside to make room for other customers. After all, she didn't want anybody to hold up her line again. Face burning, Mary whispered an apology and moved aside, making space for the next customer. When she was carefully choosing which items to leave behind, other customers were whispering, casting pitiful glances at her. At that moment, Annie caught tears welling up in Mary's eyes!
Mary's tears made Annie realize that she had been so selfish. How could she be so rude and so mean “Was my day that terrible Should I have been more patient Mary, like so many ordinary people, is in such a difficult situation. Should I, still luckily working, treat this poor woman like this？” Feeling guilty and ashamed, Annie paid the rest of the bill, placed the items back into the bag, handed her the receipt and wished her a good day.[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　用适当的关系词填空
1.(2022·浙江卷1月)Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics who/that are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
2．(译林选必四U4)I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate.
3．(译林必修二U4)In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.
4．However, none of the 20，000 spectators who/that made their way to the year's final game had to pay for their tickets, and they were welcome to enjoy the game in creative ways.
5．(北师大必修二U6)This was not an easy task. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited resources.
6．Self-driving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
7．(人教选必一U2)There are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.
8．Nowadays, it is common to see people staring at their mobile phones instead of reading a real book, about which many experts are worried.
9．As is often the case with children, Amy was better when the doctor arrived.
10．My pet dog, whose temper is very gentle, often wags its tail to the judges at dog shows.
维度二　语法与写作
1．他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。
They talked in such simple English as children could understand．
2．我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。
We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
3．我们都很钦佩你对我们提及的那位科学家以及他所取得的成就。
The scientist and his achievements that you told us are admired by us all.
4．他用英语给我们讲了一个故事，我不能完全理解它的意思。
He told us a story in English, whose meaning/the meaning of which I couldn't understand completely．
5．长城是中国人引以为傲的最伟大的建筑之一。
The Great Wall is one of the greatest buildings that Chinese people are proud of．
维度三　语篇填空
This weekend, I plan to show my penfriend around my town. At the beginning of the tour, we will start with the most important place in my town，1.which is the Plaza Leon. The Plaza Leon, 2.which is more than 100 years old，is a gathering place for young people 3.who/that have a passion for outdoor activities, and for parents and children at the weekend 4.when they have more free time. Four streets lead to the Plaza Leon 5.which/that has white sidewalks and a tree line. Hernandes Street is namedafter a famous writer born in the city, and all of the food stores, fish markets and vegetable stands are there.Fernando Street, 6.where all of the government offices are located, is named after an educator.Via del Mar Street, 7.whose roads are made of stones, is the only street 8.that still has its old surface.Finally，we will come to Horatio Street, 9.where there are two universities.One of them is the most famous university in my country.That's the reason 10.why it is my favorite street of all.
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·江苏海安高级中学高二期中)Ke'Nyzjah Ferebee was standing by the kitchen worktop, adding cupcake liners to a pan. She used an ice cream spoon to fill each with cake batter (面糊) to ensure they would look identical. A finished group sat on the counter with white buttercream turning on top. The cupcakes were for a 2-year-old's “Moana”-themed birthday party. The next day, she had orders for a two-tiered cake and two birthday cakes.
While most teenagers are spending the summer hanging out with friends and working, Ke'Nyzjah is filling orders, updating her website and getting new branding photos. She owns and operates KayKe Bakery, a home-based business, specializing in custom cakes and cupcakes. She offers 14 flavors. She requires at least two to four weeks' notice on orders, and she gets six to seven a week.
In 2020, she started baking out of boredom and a desire for cake. She asked her mom for a solution. Mom pointed her to a box of cake mix in the cupboard. Ke'Nyzjah's first attempt failed. But she tried making more cakes the next day. She got better.
She watched hours of online videos to come up with a recipe and to teach herself baking techniques. “Once I surfed the Internet and started seeing other people's decorated cakes, I got inspired to be a cake artist instead of just a baker，” she said. She took business classes such as digital marketing at her school. She also registered for a course to become a certified customer service specialist. It taught her how to talk to customers and get through a sale. She's constantly trying to find more ways to promote her business and find new clients. “It's a little difficult to keep up with my website and manage school, personal life and a business. It can be a lot sometimes, but I manage.”
Ke'Nyzjah gives her mother great credit. “She's like my biggest supporter. She's found my potential and made me who I am. I've come to realise that I am an incredibly enterprising person.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了青少年凯尼扎·费雷比在母亲的支持下，在家自学制作蛋糕，并且在网络平台售卖，受到了很大的欢迎，获得了自主创业的成功的故事。
1．What was Ke'Nyzjah doing according to the first paragraph
A．Designing a themed party.
B．Making cakes for business.
C．Preparing for her birthday party.
D．Placing an order for cakes online.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“standing by the kitchen worktop, adding cupcake liners to a pan.She used an ice cream spoon to fill each with cake batter”可知，本段主要描述了凯尼扎·费雷比是如何一步步准备生日聚会的蛋糕的。
2．What can be inferred about KayKe Bakery
A．It is well received.
B．It hosts parties for customers.
C．It is a joint business.
D．It mainly provides service for kids.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The cupcakes were for...and two birthday cakes.”、第二段中的“She requires at least two...six to seven a week.”和倒数第二段中的“It's a little difficult...but I manage.”可知，凯科面包店收到的订单很多。由此可推知，她的店很受欢迎。
3．What could be a challenge for Ke'Nyzjah
A．Attending business classes.
B．Teaching herself baking techniques.
C．Getting along with her clients.
D．Balancing her business with schooling.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It's a little difficult to...but I manage.”可知，凯尼扎面临的一个挑战是平衡她的事业和学业。
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．A home-based teen baker.
B．A boredom-killing bakery.
C．How to become a cake artist.
D．How to start a business.
A　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青少年凯尼扎·费雷比在家自己制作蛋糕，并在网上售卖，生意火爆的故事。
B
(2024·威海高二检测)Inakadate is considered the home of Tanbo art, a rice field art form. Its story as a world-renowned tourist destination began in the early 1990s, when local authorities realised that youths were moving to large urban centers continuously, and started brainstorming for ways of reviving (焕发生机) the village. One of the proposed ideas was an art form inspired by the local's traditional rice farming, done by hand for hundreds of years. Tanbo art involved the use of different-color rice varieties to turn local rice fields into giant canvases (画布) for complicated designs that revealed their beauty when viewed from above.
The first rice field artwork was unveiled in 1993, when purple and yellow rice plants were used to create a detailed picture of Mt. Iwaki—the highest mountain in Aomori—along with easily recognised characters. A viewing platform was set up somewhere above the rice field, from which people could admire the unique artwork in all its glory. The project was so successful that Inakadate authorities decided to turn it into a yearly event.
To create the impressively massive rice field artworks, locals use a technique which involves surveying the rice fields, perspective drawing (透视绘图), and the handmade plantation of various types of rice plants to create the desired visual effect. Tanbo art has come a long way in the last three decades, with designs gradually becoming larger and more complicated.
Many locals say that Tanbo art has saved Inakadate, bringing in impressive numbers of people from all over the world and boosting the local economy. According to CoolJP, around 200，000 people flocked to Inakadate to see its unique artworks in 2006, and by 2016 that number had ballooned to around 340，000.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了起源于日本田舍馆的稻田艺术形式。它促进了当地旅游业的发展，从而促进了田舍馆这个村庄发展。
5．Why was the idea of Tanbo art proposed
A．To promote the local rice brand.
B．To breathe new life into the village.
C．To publicize the traditional rice planting.
D．To appeal to youths to start new business.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Inakadate is considered the home...ways of reviving the village.”可知，提出这一艺术概念的原因是为村庄注入新的活力。
6．What does the underlined word “unveiled” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Painted. B．Selected.
C．Discovered. D．Displayed.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“A viewing platform was set up...in all its glory.”可推知，第一件稻田艺术品在1993年展示，画线单词意为“展示”。
7．Which of the following best describes the technique used in Tanbo art
A．Cutting-edge. B．Traditional.
C．Multi-field. D．Unique.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，该艺术中使用的技巧是多领域的。
8．Which local industry has benefited most from Tanbo art
A．Education. B．Tourism.
C．Agriculture. D．Architecture.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，该艺术对本地旅游业的贡献最大。
Ⅱ.七选五
Do you ever have months when you struggle to keep your money under control？1.____________ One of these reasons could be that we aren't aware of our true spending habits. Here are some tips on how you can avoid overspending and keep your money in check.
2．____________
When you head out to the mall, take only the amount of cash you anticipate you'll need and leave credit cards at home. By doing this, you avoid the temptation (诱惑) of using the card for a spur (冲动) of the moment purchase, which is often the fastest way to find yourself in debt.
Start using a budget.
3．____________ If you aren't sure about how much you take home each month and how much your expenses add up to, you'll continuously fall into the trap of buying all the things you think you can afford only to get a rude awakening at the end of the month when your bank account isn't looking too great.
Track your spending.
Those small things you buy on a regular basis can really add up by the end of the month. The best way to keep control of your money is to track everything you're spending it on. 4.____________
5．____________ Let's not allow ourselves to fall into the trap of overspending on unnecessary things in the new year.
A．Make a list of what to buy.
B．We're going through enough stress as it is.
C．Switch to cash only.
D．Here are some other reasons why you can't set aside savings.
E.By following this simple step, you'll also learn to respect your money more.
F.There are many reasons why we overspend.
G.Not having a spending plan is one of the main reasons why people can't seem to stop spending money.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种控制消费的方法，从而避免超支。
1．F　解析：根据上下文语境可知，设空处为承上启下句，表明超支的原因有很多。F项符合语境。
2．C　解析：设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“When you head out to the mall, take only the amount of cash”可知，作者建议我们只带现金购物。C项符合语境。
3．G　解析：根据本段小标题和设空处后面一句可知，要做好预算，制订消费计划。G项符合语境。
4．E　解析：根据本段小标题和设空处前一句可知，本段提倡记录所有开支。E项是这一做法的好处，符合语境。
5．B　解析：根据下文“Let's not allow ourselves...in the new year.”可知，陷入过度消费的陷阱会给生活带来压力。B项符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·日照一中高二期末)As China's gig economy (零工经济) continues to grow，the central government is seeking better regulations 1. ____________ (serve) the rights of workers，develop new skills and startups and ensure healthy and balanced development in the job market.Gig workers，often referred to 2. ____________ independent contractors (承包者) or temporary workers，are those such as delivery drivers 3. ____________ often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services for their clients.
The guideline 4. ____________ (release) in 2022 by five central departments to solve practical problems that are being faced today and are on the horizon among employees and employers in the gig economy.
In the past few years，with the rise of technology，the gig economy 5. ____________ (provide) opportunities for many people across a number of sectors according to Pang Shi，6. ____________ (direct) of one department.She said the gig economy provides 7. ____________ important way for people to improve their incomes，and that for seniors, the 8. ____________ (disable) or those with other difficulties，gig work provides less pressure than full-time employment.
Gig workers often have higher work efficiency because of new technology，9. ____________ (break) the previous working limits of time and space.“The gig economy is showing growing importance to the stability of the job market, 10. ____________(particular) during current economic downturns，”Wei Xiang，a professor from the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，said in an article.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。随着中国零工经济的持续增长，中国政府正在探索更好的管理条例，以保障工人的权利、发展新技能、发展新兴公司并确保就业市场健康、平衡的发展。
1．to serve　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
2．as　解析：考查介词。“be referred to as...”为固定用法，意为“被称为……、被称作……”。
3．who　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且先行词是those，指人，应用关系代词 who 引导定语从句。
4．was released　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in 2022可知，此处描述发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时；release和主语The guideline之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语The guideline为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
5．has provided　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past few years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语the gig economy为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
6．director　解析：考查名词。空处为Pang Shi 的同位语，应用名词，表示“负责人、主管”。
7．an　解析：考查冠词。way为可数名词，此处表泛指，且 important 的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
8．disabled　解析：考查形容词。此处为“the＋形容词”结构，表示一类人。
9．breaking　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，应用动词-ing形式作状语，表示自然而然的结果。
10．particularly　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词。Period 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
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1．What is psychologists' attitude to sharing
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
答案：A
2．What is the extra meaning of sharing
It refers to the sharing economy，which is providing services to people when and where they want them.
3．Which of the following is the advantage of the sharing economy
A．People can make or save money.
B．It is very convenient for people to use it.
C．It is beneficial to environmental protection.
D．All of the above.
答案：D
4．Which of the following is NOT the disadvantage of the sharing economy
A．Existing regulations or ongoing supervision are poor.
B．Personal information is not secure.
C．The sharing economy is developing so fast.
D．Abuse of trust.
答案：C
5．Which of the following does NOT belong to the sharing economy
A．Renting out an apartment online.
B．Sharing a car with someone else.
C．Reducing waste in your own house.
D．Hiring designer clothes at rock-bottom prices.
答案：C
6．How should problems in sharing economy be dealt with
A．The government should take tough measures.
B．Sharing economy should be avoided in the future.
C．Sharing platforms should collect more personal information.
D．Technology should be improved and the awareness of potential risks should be increased.
答案：D
7．What will be talked about in the following paragraph
A．How to share in the future.
B．The sharing economy in the future.
C．The sharing economy in our daily life.
D．People who take charge of sharing economy.
答案：B
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We've been told since we were toddlers that “It's good to share”．But today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning, which 1.has expanded(expand) to almost every aspect of our lives.It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.This wealth of ways of sharing is 2.a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at 3.competitive(compete) prices, all 4.delivered(deliver) at the click of a button.We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends.Besides, 5.sharing(share) encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste.But the sharing economy is not without 6.its(it) problems.Firstly, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing 7.regulations(regulation) or ongoing supervision.In addition, the sharing economy is subject 8.to abuse of trust.Finally, personal data is not yet secure. Nonetheless, 9.what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is 10.increasingly (increasing) relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．afloat adj. A．积累，积聚
2．rational adj. B．学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩
3．exceed v. C．经济上周转得开的；不欠债的
4．accumulate v. D．(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的
5．toddler n. E．监督；管理
6．thereby adv. F．超过，超出
7．supervision n. G．因此，由此
答案：1～5.CDFAB　6～7.GE
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．the north of the equator 赤道以北
2．live on an estate 住在一处庄园里
3．superior production techniques 先进的生产技术
4．mild cheese 味道清淡的奶酪
5．a low-calorie diet 低热量的饮食
6．college freshmen 大一新生
7．hire a room 租一间房子
8．living expenses 生活费用
9．abuse of power 滥用职权
10．the theft of the bicycle 自行车失窃
11．a leather purse 一个皮革钱包
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．conventional adj.传统的，常规的 →convention n．大会；惯例；协定；习俗
2．discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视→discrimination n. 歧视，区别对待；辨别；识别力
3．subjective adj.主观的→(反义词)objective adj.客观的
4．financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→finance n．财政，财政学；金融
5．automatically adv.自动地→automatic adj.自动的　
6．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的
7．frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustrate v．使懊恼，使沮丧→frustrated adj.懊恼的，沮丧的→frustrating adj.令人懊恼的，令人沮丧的
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The children were so noisy that they were interfering with(妨碍) my concentration, making it difficult for me to focus on my work.
2．Their parents spend almost all the family savings, or even go into debt(负债累累), to pay for their education.
3．His response to(对……的回应) the question was quick and to the point, impressing everyone in the room with his sharp thinking and clear communication skills.
4．What they do offer is a good product at a rock-bottom price(以最低价格), making it highly competitive in the market and appealing to a wide range of customers.
5．They had to rent out (出租) the upstairs room for years to make ends meet(使收支平衡) during that difficult economic period.
6．After helping us with the project, he did a further favour(进一步帮助) by offering to drive us to the airport.
7．She pursued her ambition at the expense of(以损害……为代价) her health, often working long hours without rest.
8．Our travel plans are subject to(受……影响) the weather conditions. If it rains, we may have to postpone the trip.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“There is no need/No need (for sb.) to do sth.”意为“(某人)没有必要做某事。”
No need to bring my own(没有必要带我自己的) tomorrow!
2．“whether...or...”意为“无论是……还是……；不论是否……”
(1)Whether it's an online shop(无论是网店) where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices, or a platform(还是平台) from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there.(Para.3)
[分析]　此句中还含有“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
(2)Whether we're a lender or a borrower(无论我们是出租者还是租用者), it's a win-win situation；everyone makes or saves money.(Para.3)
3．“as is often the case...”意为“这是常有的事，情况往往如此”
As is often the case(这是常有的事) all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.(Para.4)
4．“such...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”
It is expanding at such a rate that(如此快以至于) we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future.(Para.5)
[分析]　此句中还含有what引导的宾语从句。
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【高频词汇诠释】
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sorrow　n.[C]令人悲伤的事，不幸；[U]悲伤；悲痛
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①(教材P58)Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrows with others.　父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆，有时甚至要分享自己的伤心事。
②(人教选必三U5)There are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。有些诗歌讲述一个故事或描述读者心中的某种形象。其他诗歌则试图表达某些情感，如喜悦和悲伤。
(1)(much) to one's sorrow 令某人(十分)伤心的是
in sorrow 悲伤地
be overcome with sorrow 悲痛欲绝
the joys and sorrows of life 人生的喜与悲
(2)sorrowful adj. 悲伤的；悲痛的
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单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
(1)Looking at his sorrowful(sorrow) eyes, his mother abandoned blaming him for the silly mistake he had made.
(2)Much to my sorrow(令我十分伤心的是), I realised that the project I had been working on for months was not going to be successful.
(3)(译林选必一U2)Zhu Yingtai weeps bitterly over the loss of her love. Overcome with sorrow (悲痛欲绝), she jumps into Liang Shanbo's grave.
(4)她难过地低着头，双眸满是忧伤。
She lowered her head in sadness, great sorrow filling her eyes．(独立主格结构)
背诵点　读后续写之情感描写
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expense　n.费用，花费，代价；开销；开支
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①(教材P60)Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional and established companies.
一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势，来扩大他们的市场份额，通常以损害已有的更为传统的公司为代价。
②(人教选必二U2)Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.
国外的学费和生活开销比国内昂贵得多，多数家庭最终可能会花费一大笔钱。
(1)at the expense of 以损害……为代价
at sb.'s expense 由某人付钱；由某人承担费用
at huge/great expense 花一大笔费用
spare no expense (to do sth.) 不惜代价(做某事)；不惜成本(做某事)
(2)living/medical expenses 生活/医疗费用
household expenses 家庭开支
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单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
(1)One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living expenses(expense).
(2)This printer you purchased yesterday is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense(由我们承担费用).
(3)When it comes to our child's education, we spare no expense to provide(不惜代价提供) the best opportunities, ensuring they have access to the highest quality resources and learning environments.
(4)现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境为代价来发展经济这一事实。(聚焦社会热点)
Nowadays more and more people have come to realise the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at the expense of the environment．
背诵点　应用文写作之倡议书
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“whether...or...”意为“无论是……还是……；不论是否……”
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①(教材P59)Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there.
无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。
②(教材P59)Whether we're a lender or a borrower, it's a win-win situation; everyone makes or saves money.　无论我们是出租者还是租用者，这都是一个双赢的局面；人人都能挣钱或省钱。
(1)whether可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句；
(2)引导名词性从句时，只用whether不用if的情况：①与or not直接连用；②后接动词不定式；③作介词的宾语；④作discuss的宾语。
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).
(2)(译林选必四U3)无论我们是科学家、律师、医生、公务员、顾问、文员、接待员还是屠夫，我们都做出了各自的贡献。
Whether we are scientists, lawyers, doctors, public servants, consultants, clerks, receptionists or butchers, we all make our respective contributions.
(3)无论我们成功与否，我们都会不惜一切代价去追求我们的梦想和目标，因为我们知道这个过程本身是值得付出一切努力的。
Whether we are successful or not, we spare no expense to pursue our dreams and goals, knowing that the journey itself is worth every effort.
背诵点　读后续写之主旨升华
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．the Olympic opening 奥运会开幕式
2．a shared flat 合租公寓
3．publish various papers 发表各种各样的论文
4．set up 建立，设立，创立；设置，安装
5．take on 呈现；具有
6．the sharing economy 共享经济
7．at the click of a button 按一下按钮
8．a win-win situation 一个双赢的局面
9．take advantage of 利用
10．personal data/information 个人数据/信息
11．potential risks 潜在风险
12．at a．..rate 以……的速度/速率
13．cost sb. a fortune 花费某人一大笔钱
14．share a ride with sb. 与某人同乘一辆车
15．social media 社交媒体
16．be beneficial to 有益于
17．positive emotional bonding 积极的情感纽带
18．make money out of... 利用……赚钱
19．the increasing demand for 对……不断增长的需求
20．designer clothes 名牌服装
21．existing regulations 现存法规
22．expand the share of the market 扩大市场份额
23．individual preferences 个人偏好
24．be relevant to 与……相关
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．(人教必修三U2)Lin Qiaozhi immediately became the first woman ever to be hired(雇用) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
2．Conventional(传统的) air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts (路灯柱) at about nine feet in the air.
3．Hearing the bad news that their team had lost the championship game, all the players had a sense of frustration(沮丧).
4．Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow(不幸) while happiness sometimes comes from a struggle.
5．As we all know, the present world financial (金融的) crisis still has a bad effect on the development of the economy of every country.
6．The new product is beyond praise and has quickly captured the market on account of its superior(优质的) quality.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．Green development is different from the conventional one which develops the economy at the expense of(以损害……为代价) the environment.
2．You can rent out(出租) your house to someone else, creating an extra source of income for yourself.
3．The convention acknowledges that the exercise of this right may be subject to(受……影响) certain restrictions.
4．Affected by the economic crisis, Mike's father lost his job and the family could barely make ends meet(使收支平衡).
5．Mary was unwilling to buy the big house because she was terrified of going into debt(负债累累).　For the Love of a Man－1
Excerpt from The Call of the Wild
淘金潮时期，米勒法官家的爱犬巴克被贩卖到寒冷的阿拉斯加，它历经了重重磨难，最终回归到大自然。
When John Thornton froze his feet in the previous① December, his partners had made him comfortable and left him to get well, going on themselves up the river to get out a raft (筏子) for Dawson. He was still limping② slightly③ at the time he rescued④ Buck, but with the continued warm weather even the slight limp left him. And here, lying by the river bank through the long spring days, watching the running water, listening⑤ lazily to the songs of birds and the hum⑥ of nature, Buck slowly won back⑦ his strength⑧.
A rest comes very good after one has travelled three thousand miles, and it must be confessed⑨ that Buck enjoyed it⑩ as his wounds healed ， his muscles swelled out ， and the flesh came back to cover his bones. Actually, they were all wandering —Buck, John Thornton, and Skeet and Nig—waiting for the raft to come that was to carry them down to Dawson.
Skeet was a little Irish setter (赛特种猎犬) who early made friends with Buck, who ， in a dying condition, was unable to resent her first advances. She had the doctor trait which some dogs possess; and as a mother cat washes her kittens, so she washed and cleansed Buck's wounds. Regularly, each morning after he had finished his breakfast, she performed her self-appointed task.
Nig, equally friendly, though less demonstrative (情感外露的), was a huge black dog, with eyes that laughed and a boundless good nature. To Buck's surprise these dogs manifested no jealousy toward him. They seemed to share the kindliness and largeness of John Thornton. As Buck grew stronger they enticed (怂恿) him into all sorts of ridiculous games, in whichThornton himself could not forbear to join. And in this fashion, Buck was into a new existence. Love, genuine passionate love, was his for the first time, which was feverish (激动的) and burning, that was adoration, that was madness.
This man had saved his life, which was something; but, further, he was the idealmaster. Other men saw to the welfare of their dogs from a sense of duty and business expediency (权宜之计); he saw to the welfare of his as if they were his own children, because he could not help it. And he saw further. He never forgot a kindly greeting or a cheering word, and to sit down for a long talk with them (“gas” he called it) was as much his delight as theirs. He had a way of taking Buck's head roughly between his hands, and resting his own head upon Buck's, of shaking him back and forth, the while calling him ill names that to Buck were love names.
Buck knew no greater joy than that rough embrace and the sound of murmur. And when released, he sprang to his feet, his mouth laughing and his eyes shining.
Generally, Buck's love was expressed in adoration. While he went wild with happiness when Thornton touched him or spoke to him, Buck was content to adore at a distance. He would lie by the hour, eager, alert, at Thornton's feet, looking up into his face eagerly. Sometimes he would lie farther away, watching the outlines of the man and the occasional movements of his body.
For a long time after his rescue, Buck did not like Thornton to get out of his sight. From the moment he left the tent to when he entered it again, Buck would follow at his heels. He was afraid that Thornton would pass out of his life as Perrault and Francois. Even in the night, in his dreams, he was haunted (忧心忡忡的) by this fear. At such times he would shake off sleep and creep through the chill to the tent, where he would stand and listen to the sound of his master's breathing.,
①previous adj.先前的
②limp v．跛行
③slightly adv.轻微地
④rescue v．营救
⑤此处为并列的v.-ing作状语。
⑥hum n．嗡嗡声
⑦win back重获
⑧strength n．力量
⑨confess v．坦白
⑩enjoy it乐在其中
此处为as引导的原因状语从句。
heal v．康复
swell out鼓出
wander v．闲逛
此处时态为过去将来时。
此处为who引导的定语从句。
dying adj.垂死的
resent v．怨恨
trait n．特征
此处as表示“正如”，这里运用了比喻的修辞手法。
regularly adv.定期地
self-appointed adj.自己任命的
equally adv.同样地
boundless adj.无限的
nature [熟词生义] n．天性，本质
manifest v．表明
jealousy n．嫉妒
largeness n．慷慨
此处为as引导的时间状语从句。
ridiculous adj.可笑的
此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
forbear v．克制
fashion [熟词生义] n．方式
existence n．存在
genuine adj.真正的
burning adj.急切的
adoration n．崇拜
ideal adj.理想的
welfare n．福利；幸福安康
greeting n．问候
roughly adv.粗鲁地
back and forth来回
此处为“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
embrace n．拥抱
release v．松开
spring to one's feet跳起来
此处while表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
content adj.满足的
alert adj.警惕的
occasional adj.偶尔的
heel n．脚后跟
此处为where引导的定语从句。INCLUDEPICTURE "外刊撷英LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "外刊撷英LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Share Your Good News, and You Will Be Better Off
Adapted from Scientific American
Positive experiences happen to us everyday, yet we don't always take full advantage of them. Have you ever noticed that it could be a great day—you had 8 hours of sleep or it's the weekend, and you had a great conversation with a friend, etc.But it takes just one harsh word from someone or one piece of bad news to ruin the day. Research by Shelley Gable and Jonathan Haidt suggests that we actually have three times more positive experiences than negative. But what keeps us from fully capitalizing on① all the good in our lives, making us a slave to the bad
Researchers have identified two main tendencies② that keep us from experiencing, extending③， and expanding our joy: the negativity bias④ and habituation⑤. The negativity bias refers to our mind's innate tendency to give more weight to the negative. Roy Baumeister has shown that we tend to remember and focus more on negative experiences. Habituation, discussed in research on the hedonic treadmill⑥， refers to the fact that while we receive boosts⑦ of happiness from new positive experiences, over time, we get used to these experiences and they no longer have the same effect.
How can we counter⑧ this tendency to assign greater weight to the negative experiences in our life A recent study by Nathaniel Lambert and colleagues at Brigham Young University gives us a clue⑨. Their research shows that discussing positive experiences leads to heightened well-being⑩， increased overall life satisfaction and even more energy.
This research may seem surprising because we are often reluctant to talk about our good fortune. We don't want to show off . Sometimes we don't want to “jinx ” ourselves by doing so. Or we may feel guilty that good things are happening to us in the face of the suffering that exists in other people's lives. However, Lambert and colleagues' research suggests that describing our happy experiences to close friends and romantic partners is a better idea.
Lambert's new study, however, extends research on gratitude to show that verbally expressing the gratitude we feel to people close to us helps increase and sustain our well-being above beyond simply feeling or writing down gratitude.
Great literary figures have long known that happiness grows in sharing. In one of her letters, Charlotte Bront observes “Happiness quite unshared can scarcely be called happiness; it has no taste.” In The Common Reader, Virginia Woolf writes “Pleasure has no relish unless we share it.” Lambert's research provides empirical support of their wisdom.
INCLUDEPICTURE "WordBankLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "WordBankLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
①capitalize on 充分利用
②tendency n. 趋势；倾向
③extend v. 扩展；延伸
④bias n. 偏见
⑤habituation n. 习惯化
⑥hedonic treadmill 快乐适应
⑦boost n. 增长
⑧counter v. 抵制；抵消
⑨clue n. 线索
⑩well-being n. 幸福感
reluctant adj. 不情愿的
show off 炫耀
jinx v. 给……带来霉运
suffering n. 痛苦
sustain v. 维持
literary figures 文学大师
observe v. 注意到
scarcely adv. 几乎不
relish n. 享受；乐趣
empirical adj. 以实验(或经验)为依据的
INCLUDEPICTURE "knowledgecheck4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "knowledgecheck4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
答案：1.to ruin　2.than　3.fully　4.refers　5.that　6.discussing　7.verbally　8.be called　9.unless　10.wisdom
INCLUDEPICTURE "WordMatchLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "WordMatchLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．harsh adj. A．to become greater in size, number or importance
2．slave n. B．(of feelings) to increase in degree or intensity
3．expand v. C．a particular value according to how important it is
4．weight n. D．unpleasant to listen to
5．heighten v. E．in spoken words and not in writing or actions
6．verbally adv. F．a person who is strongly influenced by sth.
答案：1～5.DFACB　6.E
INCLUDEPICTURE "CriticalThinkingLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "CriticalThinkingLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Please share one of your most unforgettable experiences.
One possible version：
I would like to share my housework experience at weekends. Early in the morning I made breakfast, followed by sorting out clothes, books and other items at home. What I am proud of is I can fold tofu quilt, which I learned from the military training. Eventually I swept the floor, and cleaned the table and cabinets to make them as crystal clear as a mirror. Not only did the experience free me from the academic pressure, it also relaxed my parents, killing two birds with one stone.[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.In his following official career, the beauty of mountains and rivers and the enjoyment of travel became strength of supporting him while he met with frustration (frustrate).
2．Judging from the response(respond) of the audience, it seemed that the performance had left a deep impression on them.
3．The university estimates that living expenses(expense) for international students are around $8，450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.
4．Young people always seem to be one step ahead of convention，for they hate working in a conventional structure.(convention)
5．Much to my sorrow, my pet died in an accident. You can imagine how sorrowful I am now！(sorrow)
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Some villagers rent out their place to visitors, from which they can get a slice of the tourism industry's cake.
2．Students often pursue high grades at the expense of their physical and mental health, which can have long-term consequences.
3．We should make every effort to cut down on things made out of plastics，which is helpful in protecting the environment.
4．Renewable energy projects are typically considered more risky than traditional fossil power ones, and therefore often subject to higher costs of financing.
5．His success depends on buying items at rock-bottom prices and then selling quickly at a slight profit.
维度三　完成句子
1．就像古代历史中的人物一样，我们对荷马知之甚少，甚至不能确定他是否存在过。
As is often the case with figures from ancient history, we know very little about Homer, and we cannot be sure that he even existed.
2．人类正在以如此快的速度破坏自然，以至于地球上的生命正面临危险。(such...that...)
Humans are destroying nature at such a rate that life on Earth is at risk．
3．失误往往是由粗心引起的。因此，我们应该牢记细节决定成败。(whether...or...)
Mistakes often arise from carelessness.As a result，we should bear in mind that details determine whether we can succeed or not．
4．(译林选必四U4)这并不是说你没有必要在学校里学习，而是要承认，通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的，也是有益的。(there is no need for sb.to do...)
This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.
[重教材　群文阅读]
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Developing ideas】
We've been told since we were toddlers that “It's good to share”. Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrows with others. 1._____________ Taking it as an object of study, psychologists have published various papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional bonding.
2．_____________ It's not just about sharing sweets or frustration; it has expanded to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world seems to be into sharing. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don't use ourselves all of the time. These vary from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares. 3. _____________ It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.
This wealth of ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at the click of a button. 4. _____________ Whether we're a lender or a borrower, it's a win-win situation; everyone makes or saves money. We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends. 5. _____________ And set-ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favour for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
A．Today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning.
B．The sharing economy is taking off in all sorts of areas.
C．There are more than one benefits of sharing nowadays.
D．It's very convenient to share various things with others online.
E.What's more, sharing encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste.
F.When we grow up, we share photos, life stories and opinions with people around us and with those we don't know via social media.
G.Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there.
答案：1～5.FABGE
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自北师大选必三U7】
MEET THE NEW BOSS: YOU
Up until the 1980s, people in many countries regularly followed in their parents' footsteps by working in the family business or joining the same profession as them. You'd follow your father to sea, onto the farm or into the workshop. You'd follow your mother into the kitchen or sewing room. In your grandparents' time, there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement. How times have changed! Most people now have no intention of following in their parents' footsteps or even staying at one job for very long.
In fact, planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn't practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon. And then what will you do Work hard Win the lottery Hope for the best You might be lucky.These strategies might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you're still young and healthy. But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career”．
If you think you can work eight hours a day and build a career, think again. You might be able to keep your job if you finish what you are asked to do, but this is hardly a recipe for great career success. Instead, you'd better keep looking for smarter ways to do your work. You'll need to be a risk taker, an innovator, a problem solver, and a hard worker. Keep doing this, and you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day. You have a chance to choose to build a career, rather than being told to stay or to go.
1．What did people often do in the past
A．They changed jobs frequently.
B．They didn't work in their family businesses.
C．They worked in different fields than their parents.
D．They followed in their parents' footsteps for work.
2．What can we infer from the passage
A．Everyone can win the lottery.
B．Being a risk taker can help in career development.
C．Specialists don't need to work hard.
D．Finishing tasks at work guarantees career success.
3．What does the underlined word “recipe” in the last paragraph mean
A．A method or plan.
B．A list of ingredients.
C．A type of food.
D．A person who cooks.
4．What's the main idea of the passage
A．People still follow in their parents' footsteps.
B．Working in the same field for life is practical.
C．Technology makes it necessary to change careers.
D．People should not work hard.
答案：1～4.DBAC
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When my friend suggested going to the thrift shop, instantly I thought “I hope no one I know sees me”. It was the same when my cousin commented on my new furniture and Japanese fine-bone-china bowls and asked where I got them. They were from the local thrift shop but instead I said “from the antique shop”．
Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community would despise me if I said I shopped at the thrift shop. They may pity me, or consider me poor, a failure. Immigrants sacrificed their families and homes for a better life. Buying a house and having enough money to live comfortably, to educate your children and see them also live comfortably, are a big part of the immigrant dream. But has this dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own planet
Our love for purchasing the latest trendy clothes or furniture, then donating them when we are tired of them has become normal. I was once like this. But after watching the documentary The True Cost, I learned donated clothes that don't get sold are sent to developing nations, many of them ending up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). In addition, your new dress requires electricity and materials to make. But if you buy a second-hand dress, that's one less dress in a landfill and one less new dress to be made.
A friend introduced me to the thrift shop only a few years ago. My first item was a dress she gifted me. It was lovely and I loved it. Nobody could tell it was second-hand.This opened me up to purchasing more second-hand high quality branded clothes. Once I dropped in on a friend and was impressed by how she decorated her apartment. “It's all second-hand，” she said. I couldn't believe it. The truth is a lot of things sold at the thrift shop are in new or almost new condition. That's when I made the decision to only buy second-hand things.
Selling second-hand things isn't anything new but what the planet needs is more buyers. There is so much excess production in the world. So stop feeling ashamed, and let's get shopping.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己的经历来说明新产品会浪费资源，而旧货店的商品质量很好且有助于节约资源、保护环境，并希望说服更多的人去旧货店购物。
1．What does the underlined word “despise” mean in paragraph 2
A．Think highly of. B．Look down upon.
C．Get away from. D．Keep up with.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“They may pity me, or consider me poor, a failure.”可知，此处是指如果作者说自己在旧货商店买东西，很多人会瞧不起作者。由此可推知，despise意为“瞧不起”。
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE about people in Greek-Cypriot community
A．They want to pursue a high standard of material life.
B．They all prefer wearing the latest fancy clothing.
C．They think highly of children's education.
D．They get along well with their neighbors.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Buying a house and having enough money...part of the immigrant dream.”可知，塞浦路斯希腊族社区的人们想追求高标准的物质生活。
3．What changed the author's mind to go to the thrift shop
A．The great variety of the goods in the thrift shop.
B．The low cost of the goods in the thrift shop.
C．The persuasion of the author's friends.
D．The wasted resources of new products and good quality of the thrift shop.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But after watching ... ending up in landfills.”和第四段中的“The truth is a lot of things...buy second-hand things.”可知，新产品浪费资源，旧货店商品质量好，这改变了作者对去旧货店的想法。
4．What's the author's main purpose in writing the passage
A．To introduce a new trend of buying at the thrift shop.
B．To persuade more people to buy at the thrift shop.
C．To encourage more people to pursue the latest fashion.
D．To raise people's awareness of reasonable shopping.
B　解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是说服更多的人去旧货店购物。
B
(2024·泉州三校期中联考)When you go to a grocery store, you expect to pay for your goods with money. But students at a high school in Texas, US, opened a store that runs on good deeds.
In November, students from Linda Tutt High School in the city of Sanger opened a grocery store that enables students to purchase necessities using a point system. The store aims to support families in need.
“In our school, many students are considered economically disadvantaged and their family can barely make ends meet，” explained Anthony Love, principal of Linda Tutt. “About 3.6 percent of our students are considered homeless. We thought it important to support them and their families and make sure they had food on the table.”
Students earn points by contributing positively to the school. For those students from poor families, the point system has provided a way for them to shop for their families. “They can earn points by doing chores (杂活) around the building or helping to clean，” Love said.
The number of points for each item was actually decided by the students. “So we walked through here and decided that a can of green beans was one point，” said Paul Juarez, executive director of First Refuge Ministries.
Juarez said that he hoped the idea got implemented (实施) in other areas. “It gives us a picture of what it can be. So if we can do this inside other schools, it will do a whole lot to help other small towns.”
In addition to the financial benefits, students also learned about supply management and customer service, and such lessons could prepare them for future jobs. The store practice was also welcomed by Thomas Muir, Sanger's mayor. “We all have our first job and it teaches us how to work, and gives us what we need for our future work，” he said. “I think this will do that for them too, and meet an immediate need.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了爱心杂货店及其目的、经营方式、影响等。这家商店旨在帮助贫穷的家庭，学生可以通过积分系统在店里购买生活必需品。
5．Why did the students open the grocery store
A．To help students in need.
B．To learn to manage money.
C．To finish their research project.
D．To raise money for poor families.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The store aims to support families in need.”可知，学生们开杂货铺是为了帮助贫困的家庭。
6．How could the students earn points
A．By doing chores at home.
B．By shopping for their families.
C．By doing good deeds at school.
D．By volunteering in the community.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，学生通过为学校做出积极贡献来获得分数。
7．What is Juarez's opinion on the grocery store
A．It still has some room for improvement.
B．It will set a good example to other schools.
C．It needs financial support from other schools.
D．It has helped poor families in other small towns.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It gives us a picture...help other small towns.”可知，华雷斯对这家杂货店的看法是它将为其他学校树立一个好榜样。
8．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The benefits from the store practice.
B．The future jobs the students will get.
C．The methods of doing a job well.
D．The measures to meet students' needs.
A　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“In addition to the financial benefits...for future jobs.”可知，本段介绍了店铺实践带来的好处。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·肇庆广信中学高二期中)When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very 1 about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't. I usually got 2 and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish.”I remember being even more upset then because “I'm not a fish！”I didn't know how to 3 the same thought. Besides, I 4 ， how could what I thought influence what a fish did
As I got a little older, I began to understand what my dad really 5 . So I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending their meetings 6 . I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water 7 . Fish 8 shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. However, fish don't have eyelids (眼皮) and the sun 9 their eyes. The more I understood fish, the more I became effective in finding and 10 them.
When I grew up and entered the 11 circles, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like 12 ．”But it didn't completely 13 . My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish, you need to think like a fisherman.” Years later, with great input to provide long-term 14 for customers much older and richer than me, I came to realise what we all needed was to think more like the group that we 15 ．
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小时候父亲教作者钓鱼，告诉他像鱼一样思考才能钓到鱼的故事。多年后进入商界的作者通过父亲的话并结合多年的实践认识到做事应该换位思考。
1．A．content B．fun
C．normal D．typical
B　解析：根据下文“he could catch many fish while I couldn't”可知，因为父亲能钓到很多鱼而作者钓不到，所以作者对这一点感到无趣(fun)。
2．A．amazed B．confused
C．curious D．upset
D　解析：根据上文“he could catch many fish while I couldn't”可知，作者钓不到鱼，所以心情很沮丧(upset)。
3．A．share B．strike
C．predict D．read
A　解析：根据上文“I'm not a fish！”可知，作者无法认为自己是一条鱼，所以不知道如何“像鱼一样思考”。share the same thought意为“持有相同的想法”。
4．A．added B．knew
C．reasoned D．realized
C　解析：根据下文“how could what I thought influence what a fish did”可知，作者在思考(reason)，此处是作者内心的想法。
5．A．said B．experienced
C．meant D．claimed
C　解析：根据上文“As I got a little older, I began to understand what my dad”可知，此处指作者开始理解父亲让他像鱼一样思考意味着(mean)什么。
6．A．locally B．finally
C．regularly D．usually
C　解析：根据上文“And I even joined the local fishing club”可知，作者加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，所以会定期(regularly)参加该俱乐部的聚会。
7．A．quality B．depth
C．height D．temperature
D　解析：根据上文“a fish is a cold-blooded animal”和下文“Fish______ shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.”可知，鱼是冷血动物，浅水区比深水区温暖，鱼会根据水温来寻找适合的地方，由此可推知，鱼对水温(temperature)敏感。
8．A．leave B．prefer
C．adjust D．turn
B　解析：根据下文“because the former is warmer”可知，因为浅水区更温暖，所以鱼偏爱(prefer)浅水区。
9．A．protects B．catches
C．hurts D．reaches
C　解析：根据常识和上文“fish don't have eyelids”可知，鱼没有眼皮，所以阳光会伤害(hurt)它们的眼睛。
10．A．enjoying B．making
C．studying D．catching
D　解析：根据上文“catch many fish”及“The more I understood fish, the more I became effective in finding”可知，作者对鱼越了解，就越能钓到鱼。catch fish意为“钓鱼”。　
11．A．business B．agriculture
C．government D．administration
A　解析：根据下文“customers much older and richer than me”可知，作者的工作是服务顾客，由此可推知，他进入了商业(business)界。
12．A．customers B．salespeople
C．fishermen D．consultants
B　解析：根据下文“My dad never once said, ‘If you want to catch a fish, you need to think like a fisherman.’”可知，作者的父亲从未说过“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考”，由此进行类比可知，此处用salespeople对应fisherman。
13．A．make sense B．make progress
C．take effect D．take place
A　解析：根据上下文内容可知，此处指老板的话根本没有道理(make sense)。
14．A．business B．cooperation
C．supervision D．services
D　解析：根据下文“for customers much older and richer than me”可知，此处指为比作者年长和富有得多的客户提供长期服务(service)。
15．A．met B．targeted
C．trusted D．hired
B　解析：根据上文“think like a fish”及“what we all needed was to think more like the group”可知，此处指要像我们的目标(target)群体一样去思考。

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