资源简介

Unit 1　People of Achievement
夯基培优练(一)
(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Her work has been 　crucial　 (关键性的) to the project’s success.
2. It is 　vital　 (极其重要的) to get medical supplies to the area as soon as possible.
3. The twins are quite distinct 　from　one another, so it’s easy to make a 　distinction　(distinct) between them.
4. He o　btained　 a driver’s licence after a three-month training.
5. I wasn’t there, but 　apparently　 (显然) it went well.
6. A great deal of 　scientific　 (science) research is being performed in this area.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
lead to　　　　　　　　 with the objective of
get stuck in　 by chance
show promise　 insist on
1. —You will never believe that it took us two hours to get to the restaurant.
—Really You must 　have got stuck in　 a traffic jam.
2. They 　insist(ed) on　 being included in the meeting.　
3. I got this book 　by chance　 at a second-hand bookshop.
4. This new technology project 　shows promise　 of changing the industry.
5. Too much work and too little rest often 　lead to　 illness. 　
6. They launched the project 　with the objective of　 improving education in rural areas.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. award vt.授予;给予奖励;判给 n.奖;奖品
The school awarded a scholarship to the outstanding student.
学校把奖学金授予了优秀的学生。
【归纳拓展】
award sth to sb
把某物授予某人;把某物裁定归某人
sb be awarded sth 某人被授予某物
award for… 因……而获得的奖
【即学即练】
(1)他被授予了年度最佳员工奖。
He 　was awarded　 the Employee of the Year Award.
(2)裁判判定经验更丰富的拳击手获胜。
The judge 　awarded the victory to　 the more experienced boxer.
(3)他渴望获得那个著名的文学奖。
He is eager to win that famous 　literary award　.
2. ★ acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
It is widely acknowledged that we should learn English by practising, just as we acquire knowledge by reading.
人们普遍认为我们应该通过练习来学习英语, 就像我们通过阅读来学获取知识一样。
【归纳拓展】
be acknowledged (as)… 被认为是……
acknowledge doing sth 承认做某事
It is generally/universally acknowledged that… 大家公认……
注意:acknowledge表示“承认”时,后可接名词、宾语从句或动名词,但不接不定式。
【即学即练】
(1)过去他是全国公认的最出色的诗人。
He 　was generally acknowledged　 to be the finest poet in the land.
(2)Mike被认为是世界上最优秀的篮球运动员之一。
Mike 　is generally acknowledged (as)　 one of the best basketball players in the world.
(3)人们普遍认为贫穷和无知是进步的敌人。
　It is universally/generally acknowledged that　 poverty and ignorance are the enemies of progress.
(4)他拒绝承认在比赛中被另一位选手击败。
He refused to 　acknowledge being defeated　 by the other competitor in the match.
(5)我们都应该学会承认自己的过错并努力改进自己。
We should all learn to 　acknowledge our own faults　 and try to improve ourselves.
3. ★ insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
If he had insisted that he be sent to work there then, everything would be OK now.
如果那时候他坚持要求被送到那里工作,那么现在一切都好了。
【归纳拓展】
insist on/upon sth 坚决认为;强调……
insist on doing sth 坚决要求;一定要……
insist that… 坚持认为……;坚持要求……
注意:insist 后跟从句,表示“坚持主张某个事实”时,后面的that 从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求做”时,后面的that 从句用虚拟语气“(should)+do”的形式。
【即学即练】
(1)他坚持他的说法准确无误。
He 　insisted on the accuracy　 of his account.
(2)那个男孩坚持说他没有偷钱,并且坚决要求让老板向他道歉。
The boy insisted that he 　hadn’t stolen the money　 and insisted that the boss 　(should) apologise to　 him.
(3)即使家人反对,她还是坚持要去非洲研究动物。
She still 　insisted on going to　 Africa to study animals there, 　even though　 her family asked her not to.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
1. 原句:This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
点睛:同位语是一个名词或名词短语(当它是一个从句时就称为同位语从句),它用于对另一个名词或名词短语进行进一步解释或说明,二者所指相同。
【即学即练】
(1)阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,一位杰出的物理学家,对相对论领域做出了开创性的贡献。
Albert Einstein, 　a distinguished physicist　, made groundbreaking contributions to the field of relativity.
(2)我叫李华,是来自高二三班的一名学生。我写信是为了向您表达我诚挚的感激之情。
I am Li Hua, 　a student from Class Three, Grade Two　. I am writing to express my sincere gratitude to you.
(3)我们,地球未来的主人,有责任让我们的星球变得更美好。
We, 　the future masters of the Earth　, have the responsibility to make our planet a better place.
2. 原句:Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine…”
点睛:Upon/On+动名词(doing sth)意为“一……就……”。
【即学即练】
(1)一看到那幅画,她就被它的美丽所吸引。
　On seeing the painting　, she was attracted by its beauty.
(2)一打开书,她就沉浸在了故事中。
　Upon opening the book　, she was immersed in the story.
3. 原句:It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
点睛:在It is+名词+(for sb/sth)+to do sth句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式。
【即学即练】
(1)中国传统书法能在世界各地被欣赏和实践,实在是一种荣幸。
　It is truly a privilege for　 traditional Chinese calligraphy 　to be appreciated and practiced around the world　.
(2)中国高铁技术能出口到世界许多地区并得到利用,这无疑是一项成就。
　It is surely an achievement for　 China’shigh-speed rail technology 　to be exported　 and utilized in many areas of the world.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life: one was to build nuclear submarines (核潜艇), and the other to build nuclear power plants. Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations.
Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. At that time, the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic energy major. Peng willingly agreed, marking the beginning long commitment to developing China’s nuclear power.
In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. Appointed as the director-in-chief, Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction.
During his career, Peng held a variety of high-ranking titles. In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one of the top academic bodies in China.
Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions.
(　B　)1. What does the author imply in the first paragraph
A. Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power.
B. Peng was actually a very modest person.
C. Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants.
D. Peng was the most important figure in the nuclear field.
(　C　)2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Focus on.
B. Know about.
C. Turn to.
D. Research into.
(　A　)3. How does the author develop the passage
A. By following the time order.
B. By showing the great importance.
C. By providing some similar examples.
D. By explaining the process of research.
(　D　)4. Which of the following is the proper title for the passage
A. China Honors a Nuclear Power Expert
B. Peng Shilu Built Nuclear Submarines
C. China Lost a Famous Nuclear Expert
D. A Nuclear Hero Devoted Himself to Helping His Country
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄院士的生平事迹和重要贡献。
1. B　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task.”可知,彭士禄院士是一个非常谦虚的人。
2. C　【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life.”和后面的“the atomic energy major”可知,彭士禄院士面临的转折点是放弃自己原来的专业,改学原子能专业,turn to表示“转向”,与画线部分意义一致。
3. A　【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知,第一段引出文章的主题,再结合第二段中“Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes.”“In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life.”、第三段中的“In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and…In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant.”、第四段中“In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering ”和最后一段中的“Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021”可知,文章按照时间顺序讲述彭士禄院士的生平。
4. D　【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄院士的事迹,尤其体现了彭士禄院士为祖国发展所做的贡献。因此D项“一位核英雄致力于帮助他的国家”最契合彭士禄院士的人物事迹和贡献,适合作为本文标题。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou, born in Ningbo, China in 1930, won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the 　1　 (discover) of artemisinin, a vital part of the treatment for malaria. It is believed that it saves 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
She 　2　 (commit) to discovering a new treatment for malaria since 1967, when she joined a team of scientists 　3　 this objective. Her team examined many old medical texts and evaluated tens of thousands of plants.
Inspired by a text from the fourth century, Tu’s team first tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves and then 　4　 liquid obtained by boiling fresh wormwood, 　5　 they didn’t work. Tu Youyou realised that the high temperature might have destroyed its medical 　6　 (property). She tried using a 　7　 (low) temperature to draw out the extract. 　8　 (final) they succeeded in finding a substance that worked. Tu and her team members insisted that the drug 　9　 (test) on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
　10　 (award) the Nobel Prize, Tu said, the honour was not just hers but the team’s and all the people of her country’s.
1. 　discovery　 2. 　had been committed　
3. 　with　 4. 　the　 　
5. 　but　 6. 　properties　
7. 　lower　 8. 　Finally　
9. 　(should) be tested　 　 10. 　Awarded　
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国女科学家屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖的事。
1. discovery　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处位于“the+n.+of”结构中,应使用discover的名词形式discovery作宾语。
2. had been committed　【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。根据下文可知,空格动作发生在她加入科学家团体之前,此处应用过去完成时;be committed to doing sth意为“致力于做某事;决心做某事”,为固定搭配。
3. with　【解析】 考查介词。句意:带着这一目标,她加入了一支由科学家组成的团队。空格处应使用介词with。
4. the　【解析】 考查冠词。空格处特指通过熬制新鲜艾草所获得的液体,空格处应使用定冠词the。
5. but　【解析】 考查连词。空格前后都是完整的句子,因此空格处应填连词;再根据空格后的“they didn’t work”可知,空格处表示转折关系,故填but。
6. properties　【解析】 考查名词的单复数。空格处意为“特性”,property为可数名词,表示泛指概念,应使用名词复数形式。
7. lower　【解析】 考查形容词的比较等级。根据上文提到的用煮沸的方式来处理青蒿叶的做法可知,科学家们应该使用的是相对常温来说的高温和低温两种方法。空格处表示“利用较低的温度”,应使用形容词的比较等级。
8. Finally　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰句子“they succeeded in finding a substance that worked”,应使用副词形式finally作状语;又因空格处位于句首,首字母应大写。
9. (should) be tested　【解析】 考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知,test与主语drug构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应使用被动语态;再结合句意可知,当insist表示“坚决要求”时,其后的that从句要用“(should)+do”结构且should可省略,故填(should) be tested。
10. Awarded　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为said,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;award和主语Tu Youyou构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应使用动词-ed形式作状语。
夯基培优练(二)
(Learning About Language) [P5]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Helen is a very well-known 　novelist　 (novel) in Australia.
2. The police play a 　crucial　 (关键的) role in safeguarding the community.
3. Our high school is 　committed　 (致力于) to fostering a broad world view.
4. Our research attempts to 　evaluate　 (评估) the effectiveness of different vaccines.
5. Lu Xun is widely 　acknowledged　 (acknowledge) as one of the greatest modern writers in China.
6. In 1904, he went to Japan and became a medical student, with the 　objective　 (object) of improving people’s health and saving lives.
7. After an endless round of tests and interviews, he finally 　obtained　 (获得) a teaching job at a private school.
8. Even a small success gives you a sense of 　achievement　 (achieve).
9. Under no 　circumstances　 (circumstance) should you lend Paul any money, as he is addicted to gambling.
10. She was 　apparently　 (apparent) upset by the news.
Ⅱ. 语法突破——非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明或描绘作用,如果省略,也不影响主句的意思,它与主句之间用逗号隔开。翻译时一般与主句译成并列形式。
This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者),她的研究促进了青蒿素的发现。青蒿素是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。
This medicine,which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快便成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别:限制性定语从句与先行词的关系较为密切,删除它后会影响整个句子的表达,不用逗号与主句分开,可用关系代词that;非限制性定语从句不可用关系代词that,先行词还可以是整个句子。试比较:
His father is not a man who speaks ill of others behind their backs. (限制性定语从句)
His father, who never speaks ill of others, is popular with his colleagues. (非限制性定语从句)
注意:as引导的非限制性定语从句,通常位于句首,也可以位于句中或句末,起到对整个主句进行补充说明的作用,通常用在“正像……;正如……”的句式中。
【即学即练】
1. 单句语法填空
(1)　As　 is known to everybody, the Moon is smaller than the Earth.
(2)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, 　when　 I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
(3)He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, 　whom　 he loved and respected as his own mother.
(4)He has passed the college entrance examination, 　which　 makes his parents quite happy.
2. 用非限制性定语从句完成句子
(1)众所周知,月亮每月绕地球转一周。
　As is known to all　, the Moon travels round the Earth once every month.
(2)昨天她买了些布,她打算用这些布做一条裙子。
She bought some cloth yesterday, 　with which she was going to　 make a dress.
(3)他们住在一栋高楼里,在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。
They lived in a tall building, 　in front of which stood　 a big tree.
(4)让我们为约会定个日期,届时我们将谈论这件事。
Let’s fix the date for our appointment, 　when we will discuss　 the matter.
(5)这个组里有60人,其中一半是工人。
There are 60 people in the group, 　half of whom are　 workers.
Ⅲ. 完形填空
Vishweshwar Dutt Saklani took his last breath on 18 January 2019, but he will live on in the memory of his countrymen as the “Tree Man of Uttarakhan”, who planted over 5 million trees.
Saklani had been 　1　 of trees all his life. He planted his first tree at eight under his uncle’s 　2　, and kept it for the next seven decades of his life, until he was 　3　.
People know he loved trees, but few know that he planted trees to 　4　 the sad situations in his life. When his brother died, the Tree Man disappeared into the forest every morning and 　5　 whole days planting trees. Then in 1958, his wife died and he did the same to do with the 　6　. It was like he devoted his life to planting trees as a tribute (悼念) to his 　7　 brother and wife.
The people of his village grew to love him, but it wasn’t always like this. In the beginning, villagers didn’t 　8　 him and even beat him, because he was covering common land. But he never 　9　. He continued planting trees and eventually got understood.
Saklani kept 　10　 his forest until he lost his sight. In 1986, he received the Indira Priyadarshini Award for his 　11　 efforts to protect the forest. In the same year, Saklani suffered a major blow, after a massive wildfire turned many trees to 　12　. Despite the efforts of the local community to control the 　13　, it still destroyed much of the Tree Man’s forest. Although 　14　 by the disaster, Saklani believed that the trees would grow back once the rains came.
Saklani died at 96, but his 　15　 lives on in the forest.
(　B　)1. A. rid B. fond
C. proud D. confident
(　C　)2. A. protection B. command
C. guidance D. control
(　A　)3. A. blind B. deaf
C. exhausted D. bored
(　A　)4. A. deal with B. focus on
C. come across D. carry on
(　C　)5. A. wasted B. cost
C. spent D. took
(　D　)6. A. bond B. project
C. fantasy D. pain
(　C　)7. A. disappeared B. disabled
C. late D. modest
(　D　)8. A. inspire B. encourage
C. judge D. support
(　C　)9. A. moved off B. cut in
C. gave up D. lost face
(　D　)10. A. growing B. equipping
C. exporting D. expanding
(　A　)11. A. continued B. expected
C. worthless D. limitless
(　A　)12. A. ashes B. grains
C. messes D. failures
(　C　)13. A. leaves B. smoke
C. flames D. dust
(　D　)14. A. disturbed B. amused
C. shocked D. hit
(　B　)15. A. performance B. spirit
C. effect D. personality
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Vishweshwar Dutt Saklani一生坚持不懈地种树的光荣事迹。
1. B　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“who planted over 5 million trees”及下文中的 “People know he loved trees…”可知,Saklani一定是喜欢树的。
2. C　【解析】 考查名词。根据常识可知,一个小孩子第一次种树,当然是要在大人的指导下,空格处指他在叔叔的指导下种下了第一棵树。
3. A　【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“…when he lost his sight”可知,后来他失明了。
4. A　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据空格后的“the sad situations in his life”可知,空格处指处理人生中的悲惨境遇。deal with意为“处理”。
5. C　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“whole days planting trees”可知,此处指花费一整天时间来种树;sb spend time doing sth表示“某人花时间做某事”。
6. D　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“When his brother died”及“Then in 1958, his wife died”可知,Saklani的两位亲人都去世了,空格处指他通过种树来克服这种亲人逝去所带来的痛苦。
7. C　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文语境可知,他的兄弟和妻子相继去世,空格处指已故的。
8. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“even beat him, because he was covering common land”可知,村民们一开始并不支持他。
9. C　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据上下文语境并结合空格前的“But”可知,尽管当时村民们不支持他,但是他没有放弃,而是继续种树。
10. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据语境可知,随着时间的推移,他种的树变得越来越多,那么他的树林就会一直在扩大。
11. A　【解析】 考查形容词。根据语境可知,他一直在持续不断地种树,空格处指他对保护森林做出的不懈努力。
12. A　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“a massive wildfire”结合常识可知,大火会烧毁树木,使这片树林尽数化为灰烬。
13. C　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“a massive wildfire”可知,森林发生了火灾,空格处指控制火势。
14. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文中的“a major blow”可知,空格处指这场火灾深深地打击了他。
15. B　【解析】 考查名词。句意:Saklani在96岁时去世,但他的精神将在森林里永存。虽然他去世了,但是他一生种树所体现出的坚持不懈、无私奉献的精神将永远存在。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the 19th century. In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H.M.S. Rattlesnake. The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighbouring seas. This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物).
On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals. For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another. No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin’s Origin of Species appeared. Thomas Henry Huxley at once realised its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”.
For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin’s work. In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man’s Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿). He clearly showed similarities.
Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life. From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today. He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.
(　C　)1. Why did Huxley go on the voyage
A. To explore the deep sea.
B. To do research on sea animals.
C. To work as a doctor on the ship.
D. To gather information for his paper.
(　B　)2. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection
A. He had doubt about it.
B. He thought highly of it.
C. He couldn’t understand it.
D. He thought he developed it first.
(　D　)3. What do we know about Huxley’s book Man’s Place in Nature
A. It discusses the importance of human beings.
B. It focuses on Darwin’s theory of natural selection.
C. It talks about the differences between man and apes.
D. It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.
(　A　)4. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph
A. He contributed a lot to biology teaching.
B. He continued his research till his death.
C. He became a good novelist late in his life.
D. He never got awards for his achievements.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Thomas Henry Huxley的生平事迹和成就。
1. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H.M.S. Rattlesnake.”可知,Huxley航海是因为他要在船上当医生。
2. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realised its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided ‘the working hypothesis (假说) we sought’.”可知,Huxley对自然选择理论是持赞成意见的,并且对它的评价很高。
3. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published…he compared man and great apes (猿).He clearly showed similarities.”可知,Thomas Henry Huxley的书《人类在自然界的位置》对比了人类与类人猿的相似之处,这样就为人类从类人猿进化而来提供了证据。
4. A　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He had always been interested in education…writing essays mainly on biology.”可知,Huxley提出的研究方法及他的著作对生物教学做出了很大的贡献。
B
Joseph Goldberger was a doctor for the United States Public Health Service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease. In 1914, Goldberger was asked by US Surgeon General Rupert Blue to study a skin disease that was killing thousands of people in the South. The disease was pellagra (糙皮病).
Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra. He studied the victims and their families. Most of the people lived a hard life. The doctor came to believe that the disease didn’t pass on from one to another, but was instead related to food. He received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison. Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part. One group of prisoners received their usual foods, mostly corn products. A second group ate meat, fresh vegetables and drank milk. Members of the first group developed pellagra. The second group did not.
But some medical researchers refused to accept Goldberger’s idea. For the South, pellagra was more than simply a medical problem. There were other things, including Southern pride.
So Goldberger had himself injected (注射) with blood from a person with pellagra. He also took liquid from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put the liquid into his own nose and throat. He even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients. An assistant also took part in the experiments. So did Goldberger’s wife. None of them got sick.
Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in 1929. He was fifty-five years old. Several years later, researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra: a lack of vitamin B3 known as niacin.
(　B　)5. Who were likely to get pellagra according to Goldberger
A. People in the south of America.
B. People having a poor diet.
C. People in prison.
D. People touching pellagra patients.
(　C　)6. Why did some medical researchers refuse to accept Goldberger’s idea
A. Goldberger’s idea sounds ridiculous.
B. They have done their own research.
C. The result hurt their pride.
D. Goldberger didn’t do enough research.
(　C　)7. What did Goldberger want to prove by the experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4
A. Pellagra wasn’t so terrible.
B. Pellagra could be cured.
C. Pellagra didn’t spread.
D. Pellagra wasn’t a medical problem.
(　B　)8. Which words can be used to describe Goldberger
A. Selfless and friendly.
B. Devoted and determined.
C. Patient and expert.
D. Stubborn and enthusiastic.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国医生Joseph Goldberger研究糙皮病的患病原因的过程。Joseph Goldberger医生的认真、自我牺牲精神令人感动。
5. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The doctor came to believe that the disease didn’t pass on from one to another, but was instead related to food.”可知,不良的饮食容易导致人们患上糙皮病。
6. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For the South, pellagra was more than simply a medical problem. There were other things, including Southern pride.”可知,一些医学研究人员拒绝接受Goldberger的观点的原因是结果可能会损害他们的尊严。
7. C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The doctor came to believe that the disease didn’t pass on from one to another, but was instead related to food.”可知,Joseph Goldberger医生认为糙皮病不会传染;再结合第四段中的“So Goldberger had himself injected (注射) with blood from a person with pellagra.”可知,Joseph Goldberger医生进行实验的目的是证明糙皮病不会传染。
8. B　【解析】 推理判断题。通读第四段的内容可知,Joseph Goldberger医生全心全意地投入对糙皮病的研究中,不惜在自己身上做实验,体现出他是有奉献精神的;根据第三段内容可知,尽管有一些人不认可他的观点,但他仍然坚持自己的看法并坚决证明自己的观点是正确的,这体现出他意志坚定。
夯基培优练(三)
(Using Language) [P9]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. There is a new 　device　 (设备) for cars that warns drivers of traffic jams ahead.
2. Peking University, 　founded　 (found) in 1898, is the first national comprehensive university in China.
3. Only in this way can we better apply 　theory　 (理论) to practice.
4. He has an 　extraordinary　 (非凡的) memory, and won’t forget anything that has happened in his life.
5. The little boy is said to have a 　genius　 (天赋) for mathematics.
6. We 　encountered　 (遇到) several difficulties during the project.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
make contributions to　 come to power
mistake…for…　 sum up
out of… stand on end
1. During dinner, the confusion was cleared up that I 　had been mistaken for　 Kenny.
2. Now please 　sum up　 your opinions in a few words.
3. Since the new president 　came to power　, great changes have taken place in the country.
4. She decided to pursue a career in medicine 　out of　 her deep passion for helping people.
5. His hair 　stood on end　 at the sight of a snake.
6. Present at the meeting were those who 　had made contributions to　 the development of science and technology in our country.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★passion n. 酷爱;激情 passionate adj.热情的;充满激情的 passionately adv.热情地;强烈地
At school, his early interest in music developed into an abiding passion.
他早年对音乐萌发的兴趣在求学时期发展成了一种始终不渝的热爱。
【归纳拓展】
have a passion for sth 对……充满热情
pursue one’s passion 追求自己的热爱
with passion 充满激情地
a passionate speech 一场充满激情的演讲
be passionate about sth 对……充满热情
【即学即练】
(1)她对音乐充满热情。
She 　has a passion for　 music.
(2)他正在追求自己对绘画的热爱。
He 　is pursuing his passion　 for painting.
(3)她充满激情地讲述了自己的梦想。
She spoke 　with passion　 about her dreams.
(4)他对环境保护充满热情。
He 　is passionate about　　environmental protection.
2. ★found vt.(founded, founded, founding)创建;建立;把……建立在
Her family founded the college in 1895.
她的家族于1895年创办了这所学院。
【归纳拓展】
well-founded adj. 有根据的;理由充分的
ill-founded adj. 无根据的;理由不充分的
found a company/school /…
创立一家公司/建立一所学校/……
be founded on sth 以……为基础
founding fathers/members奠基者;元勋/创始成员
【即学即练】
(1)他创立了一家成功的科技公司。
He 　founded　 a successful tech company.
(2)他们的友谊建立在相互信任的基础上。
Their friendship 　is founded on　 mutual trust.
(3)他的担忧是有根据的。
His concerns are 　well-founded　.
(4)他对这个项目的批评是毫无根据的。我们有大量可靠的数据来支持我们的计划。
His criticism of the project is 　ill-founded　. There is a lot of solid data to support our plan.
(5)这家公司的创办可以追溯到 19 世纪。
The 　founding　 of the company dates back to the 19th century.
(6)像威廉·冯特这样的现代心理学的奠基者为人类心理的科学研究奠定了基础。
The 　founding fathers/members　 of modern psychology, like Wilhelm Wundt, laid the groundwork for the scientific study of the human mind.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
原句:He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.
点睛:后半句the most well-known being…为独立主格结构。独立主格结构本身并不是句子,它通常由两部分组成,前一部分是名词或代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(也可以是形容词、副词或介词短语等),前后两部分是逻辑上的主谓关系。它通常在句中作状语,可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
【即学即练】
用括号中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1. The weather 　being　 (be) fine, we decided to go swimming.　
2. The question 　settled　 (settle), they went back to their respective posts.
3. Weather 　permitting　 (permit), we will go on an outing tomorrow.
4. So much work 　to do　 (do), he almost had no time to rest.
5. The teacher came in, 　a book in his hand　 (手上拿着一本书).
6. 　The meeting over　 (会议结束后), they all went home.
7. He sat in the chair, 　his face pale　 (脸色惨白).
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
Mary Lyon was a leader in women’s education in the 19th century. It was a time when women’s education was not considered important in the United States. States did require each town to provide a school for children, but there were not enough teachers. Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and music.
Mary Lyon felt that women’s education was extremely important. She believed women were teachers both in the home and in the classroom. Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland. She suggested new ways of teaching, including holding discussion groups for students.
Then, Mary began to raise money for her dream school for the higher education of women. This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors. Its finances would be the responsibility of the directors. It would not depend on any one person to continue. And, the students would share in cleaning and cooking to keep costs down. In 1837, Mary Lyon opened Mount Holyoke Seminary for Women. In 1893, 44 years after her death, under a state law, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary became the first college to offer women the same kind of education as men.
Mary’s efforts led to the spread of higher education for women in the United States. Her influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others.
(　B　)1. What was American women’s problem with education in the 19th century
A. Teachers were careless about teaching.
B. They had few choices about the subjects.
C. The government paid no attention to education.
D. They had no chance to continue their education.
(　C　)2. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Mary thought little of women’s education.
B. Mary preferred women to be educated at home.
C. Mary attached importance to women’s education.
D. Group discussions were not held in Mary’s school.
(　B　)3. What was Mary’s dream school like
A. It would have very strict rules.
B. It would be independent in finance.
C. It would be owned by the government.
D. It would depend on some important person.
(　D　)4. Why is Mary still remembered by Americans
A. She set up the first college.
B. She made women equal to men.
C. She helped to pass American education law.
D. She improved American women’s education.
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England.
Florence often helped her mother deliver food to the poor and sick. 　1　 Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.
But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learnt everything she could. 　2　
In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia, Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere. 　3　 Many soldiers died before receiving help.
The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals—until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者) arrived. 　4　 Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp.
When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honour. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions. Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.
After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals. 　5　 All of this was because of the “lady with the lamp”.
A. Nursing became an honoured profession.
B. There was no running water and no heat.
C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing.
D. Florence saw the soldiers’ health had improved.
E. As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.
F. They soon realised that Florence could give a hand.
G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.
1. 　E　　2. 　G　　3. 　B　
4. 　F　　5. 　A　
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Florence Nightingale 在战争期间致力于救护病人、改善医院救护环境的事迹。
1. E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.”可知,空格处会提到Florence有要当护士的想法。选项E“随着她慢慢长大,她决定要当一名护士”符合语境。
2. G　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia, Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari…”可知,空格处会提到她回到了家乡英国。选项G“回到家乡后,她已经非常熟悉医院管理方面的知识”符合语境。
3. B　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere.”可知,空格处会提到当时医院里极度简陋的救护环境,选项B“没有自来水,也没有暖气”符合语境。
4. F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到医生们并不愿听取南丁格尔的意见,空格后提到南丁格尔所帮的一些忙,空格处会提到医生态度上的转变,选项F“那些医生不久就意识到南丁格尔能帮上忙”符合语境。
5. A　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London”及“cleaner and more cheerful hospitals”可知,经过南丁格尔多年的努力,一切都焕然一新。人们也不会再瞧不起护理这个职业了。选项A“护理成为一种令人尊敬的职业”符合语境。
Ⅶ. 语法填空
In ancient China lived an artist 　1　 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 　2　 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 　3　 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s Chief Minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 　4　 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 　5　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 　6　 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 　7　 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 　8　 (gentle) along the river, he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 　9　 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (使谦卑) by the greatest artist 　10　 the Earth, Mother Nature.
1. 　whose 2. 　finest　
3. 　be chosen 4. 　curiosity　
5. 　When/As 6. 　pointed　
7. 　to find 8. 　gently　
9. 　surrounding 10. 　on　
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位自认为了不起的画家在寻找世界上最伟大的艺术家的过程中,逐渐明白了大自然力量的故事。
1. whose　【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,并在从句中作定语。先行词为artist,指人,应使用关系代词whose。
2. finest　【解析】 考查形容词的最高级。根据语境可知,向皇帝呈现的一定是“最棒的”画像,空格处应使用形容词的最高等级。
3. be chosen　【解析】 考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知,动词和主语构成动宾关系,应使用被动语态;又因空格处跟在情态动词would后面,be动词用原形。
4. curiosity　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处位于介词with之后,应使用curious的名词形式curiosity作宾语。
5. When/As　【解析】 考查连词。分析句子结构可知,空格后的句子结构完整,空格处需要连词作时间状语,故填when/as;又因空格处位于句首,首字母应大写。
6. pointed　【解析】 考查动词的时态。根据上文中的smiled可知,空格处应用一般过去时。
7. to find　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为hire和set out,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;find和主语he构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。
8. gently　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰动词moved,应使用gentle的副词形式作状语。
9. surrounding　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为saw,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;surround和主语soft clouds构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词-ing形式。
10. on　【解析】 考查介词。空格处表示地球上最伟大的艺术家,应使用介词on。
夯基培优练(四)
(Writing & Assessing Your Progress) [P13]
Ⅰ. 完形填空
Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age of five with her family. While 　1　 her sick elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(n) 　2　 in medicine. At 18 she married and started a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 　3　. Her husband supported her decision.
　4　, Canadian medical schools did not accept women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 　5　 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to 　6　 her medical degree.
Upon graduation, Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private 　7　. Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a 　8　 doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 　9　 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charlotte had been practising without a licence. She had 　10　 a doctor’s licence in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 　11　. The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 　12　 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 　13　 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to 　14　 a licence to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte continued to practise without a licence until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her 　15　, a medical licence was issued to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honour “this courageous and pioneering woman”.
(　C　)1. A. raising B. teaching
C. nursing　 D. missing
(　B　)2. A. habit　 B. interest
C. opinion　 D. voice
(　A　)3. A. doctor　 B. musician
C. lawyer　 D. physicist
(　B　)4. A. Besides　 B. Unfortunately
C. Otherwise　 D. Eventually
(　C　)5. A. history　 B. physics　
C. medicine　 D. law
(　D　)6. A. improve　 B. save　
C. design　 D. earn
(　C　)7. A. school　 B. museum　
C. clinic　 D. lab
(　A　)8. A. busy　 B. wealthy　
C. greedy　 D. lucky
(　C　)9. A. harmful　 B. tired　
C. broken　 D. weak
(　D　)10. A. put away　 B. taken over
C. turned in　 D. applied for
(　B　)11. A. punished　 B. refused
C. blamed　 D. fired
(　D　)12. A. display　 B. change
C. preview　 D. complete
(　A　)13. A. leave　 B. charge
C. test　 D. cure
(　C　)14. A. sell　 B. donate
C. issue　 D. show
(　B　)15. A. birth　 B. death　
C. wedding　 D. graduation
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Charlotte Whitehead 的生平事迹,尤其是她在行医方面作出的贡献。
1. C　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“her sick elder sister” 可知,此处指Charlotte是在护理生病的姐姐。
2. B　【解析】 考查名词。根据上下文语境及常识可知,在照顾姐姐的过程中,也难免会接触到医学知识,空格处指她发现自己对医学很感兴趣。
3. A　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“Charlotte discovered she had a(n) 　2　 in medicine”可知,空格处指她想做一名医生。
4. B　【解析】 考查副词。根据下文中的“Canadian medical schools did not accept women students”可知,医校并不接收女学生。Charlotte那时没有能实现自己的愿望,她是不幸运的。
5. C　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“her medical degree”可知,Charlotte学的是医学专业。
6. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Upon graduation”结合常识可知,空格处指她获得了医学学位。
7. C　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“there she was once again a 　8　 doctor”并结合语境可知,Charlotte毕业之后,会做与医生有关的工作,空格处指她开了一家私人诊所,自己做了医生。
8. A　【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的 “Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps.”可知,找Charlotte 看病的人非常多,因此她会非常忙碌。
9. C　【解析】 考查形容词。根据空格前的“damaged limbs”可知,空格处指骨折。
10. D　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据上文中的“practising without a licence”可知,Charlotte在治疗病人时并没有相关的执照,由此推知,空格处指她曾申请过医师执照。
11. B　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“but they, too, refused”及“practise without a licence until 1912”可知,此处指Charlotte申请医师执照被拒绝了。
12. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“her studies”及下文中的“studying what she already knew”可知,空格处指想让她在另一所学校继续完成学业。
13. A　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文语境可知,因为要给病人治疗,Charlotte非常忙碌,她拒绝的理由是她不愿意离开那些找她的病人。
14. C　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“a medical licence was issued to Charlotte”可知,空格处是指Charlotte恳请发给她一个医师执照,为issue的原词复现。
15. B　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“…until 1912.She died four years later at the age of 73.”可知Charlotte去世于1916年,空格处指她去世的77年后。
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
When Jenny Streete began caring for older people more than 50 years ago, prejudice was part of her everyday working life. Streete, who grew up in Jamaica and came to England in 1967, had a way of dealing with it: “Just put a smile on your face,” she says. “If you let bad words into your brain, it will only cause you more harm.”
The 81-year-old remembers one instance of abuse.
Streete says: “The sister who was managing the ward (病房) tried to calm a woman down. But I told the sister to let her say what she has to say. I don’t mind.”
The next night, Streete noticed the woman’s blanket had fallen off. She replaced it, telling the patient in a low voice exactly what she was doing and why. The same thing happened the next night, and the next. “But then, the night that I was off duty, that same woman asked the sister: ‘Where is that black lady I don’t want anyone else to look after me while she is on duty. She was so kind.’”
Brought up by her grandparents, Streete found her vocation after a mystery illness that nearly killed her, and left her with permanently damaged vision. She got better, she says, because of “loving care and tenderness”. When she came to England, she was determined to give that care to others.
And Streete hopes to carry on caring for older people as long as possible—although, she says, her children are urging her to retire. She currently works two nights a week in an end-of-life ward which provides specialist nursing. Many of the people she looks after are now a similar age to her.
Her preference for night shifts hasn’t changed, either. She frequently stays on after her shift is finished to spend time with residents.
She urges those considering a career in care to think hard about why they’re choosing it. “Sometimes, people are not happy because they don’t want to do the job—they have to do it, because there is no other way. Wanting to do it is very different from having to do it.”
But the key quality a care worker needs, she says, is patience, “Some people like to do everything quick-quick-quick, but you have to take your time with residents. I just try to treat everybody the way I would like to be treated.”
(　D　)1. What do we know about Jenny Streete
A. She never accepts others’ words.
B. She minded so much when abused.
C. She fell ill when she left Jamaica.
D. She has her own opinions about nursing.
(　B　)2. What motivated Streete to choose her lifelong occupation
A. Her love for England.
B. The tender care she got.
C. Older people’s prejudice.
D. Her grandparents’ encouragement.
(　C　)3. What qualities does Streete possess as a nurse
A. Serious and wise.
B. Positive but stubborn.
C. Responsible and patient.
D. Honest but indifferent.
(　A　)4. What is the passage mainly about
A. Jenny Streete’s care for others in her whole life.
B. Jenny Streete’s advice on how to find a good job.
C. Jenny Streete’s experiences of fighting disease.
D. Jenny streete’s determination to remove prejudice.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jenny Streete从事护理行业的一生和她对护理的看法。
1. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中Streete所说的话及第四段内容可知,Streete照顾病人有自己的方式,她对护理有自己的见解。
2. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“because of ‘loving care and tenderness’…she was determined to give that care to others”可知,Streete曾由于疾病备受照顾,当她康复之后,她决定照顾别人。
3. C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第八段中的“She urges those considering a career in care to think hard about why they’re choosing it.”可知,Streete认真负责;再结合最后一段中的“But the key quality a care worker needs, she says, is patience”可知,她十分有耐心。
4. A　【解析】 主旨大意题。第一至第四段讲述了Streete对护理的见解,第五段讲述了她选择护理这个职业的原因,第六至第九段讲述了她对护理行业的坚守。由此可知,文章主要内容与Streete从事护理行业的一生和她对护理的看法有关。
Ⅲ. 书面表达
人物介绍
文体感知
导读:人物介绍是高中生基础写作任务中常见的一种话题类型,涉及人物的出生时间、家庭背景、教育经历、生平经历、成就和评价等。其文体是记叙文。
结构:1. 开头:讲述人物的生平。
2. 主体:按时间顺序分段描述所介绍人物的主要经历及取得的相应成就。
3. 结尾:表达自己对此人物的看法。
注意:1. 人称:用第三人称的描述较为客观,所以通常用第三人称。
2. 时态:在说明人物的过去经历和成就时,用一般过去时;在发表自己对于此人物的看法时,用一般现在时即可。
【素材】
请你根据下列提示,用英语对钟南山作简单介绍。
1. 钟南山,1936年10月出生于江苏省南京市,是21世纪最著名的医学家之一;
2. 1960年,他毕业于北京医学院。此后一直从事呼吸内科的医疗和科研工作并取得了非凡的成就;
3. 2003年,“非典”疫情暴发,他带领医护工作者成功抗击“非典”; 2004年,他被评为“感动中国2003年度十大人物”之一。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:呼吸内科 respiratory medicine
【审题谋篇】
体裁 记叙文
话题 人物介绍
时态 一般过去时为主
人称 第三人称
【词汇】
1. 被公认为 　be universally acknowledged as　
2. 致力于;奉献于 　be committed to　
3. 抗击 　fight against　
4. 被授予 　be awarded　
5. 蔓延;扩散 　spread　
6. 作出卓越贡献 　make remarkable contributions　
【句式】
亮点句式
☆ …, born in…, is acknowledged as one of…
☆ Showing great interest in…, he…
☆ …graduated from, after which…
☆ Since…, …has been committed to…
☆ …has been buried in…, which enables…to…
1. 完成句子
(1)钟南山于1936年10月出生于江苏省南京市。
　Zhong Nanshan was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in October 1936.　
(2)他被公认为是21世纪最著名的医学家之一。
　He is universally acknowledged as one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century.　
(3)他于1960年毕业于北京医学院。
　He graduated from.　
Beijing Medical College in 1960.
(4)此后他一直从事呼吸内科的医疗和科研工作并取得了非凡的成就。
Since then, 　he has been committed to the medical and scientific research　 of respiratory medicine and made extraordinary achievements.
2. 句式升级
(1)用形容词作状语连接第1小题中的句(1)和句(2)。
　Born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in October 1936, Zhong Nanshan is universally acknowledged as one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century.　
(2)用since引导时间状语从句连接第1小题中的句(3)和句(4)。
　Since he graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1960, he has been committed to the medical and scientific research of respiratory medicine and made extraordinary achievements. 　
【妙笔成篇】
范文:
Born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in October 1936, Zhong Nanshan is universally acknowledged as one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century. Since he graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1960, he has been committed to the medical and scientific research of respiratory medicine and made extraordinary achievements. In 2003, the SARS broke out. The medical workers led by Zhong Nanshan fought against SARS successfully. In 2004 he was honoured with one of the “Top Ten People Touching China in 2003”.
In 2020, a new virus spread throughout the world. 84 years old as he was, he became a leader in the fight against the new virus again and made remarkable contributions. On 11 August 2020, he was awarded the “Medal of the Republic”.
Zhong Nanshan, now a world-famous figure, has successfully shown the style of a big country to other countries.
核心素养提升
(单元复习) [P16]
Ⅰ. 词汇类记
1. v.+-able→adj.
remark→　remarkable　 adj.显著的; 引人注目的
suit→　suitable　 adj.合适的;适用的
comfort→　comfortable　adj.舒服的
change→　changeable　adj.可改变的
value→　valuable　adj.宝贵的;有价值的
2. v.+-ive→adj.　
object→　objective　adj.客观的
impress→　impressive　adj.给人深刻印象的
protect→　protective　adj.保护的
create→　creative　adj.有创造力的
act→　active　adj.积极的;活跃的
attract→　attractive　adj.吸引人的
3. adj.+-ly→adv.
apparent→　apparently　 adv.显然地
gradual→　gradually　 adv.逐渐地
gentle→　gently　 adv.温柔地;柔和地
actual→　actually　 adv.真实地
fluent→　fluently　adv.流利地;流畅地
frequent→　frequently　 adv.频繁地
4. n.+-cal→adj.
botany→　botanical　 adj.植物学的
physiology→　physiological　adj.生理学(上)的
biology→　biological　adj.生物学的
psychology→　psychological　adj.心理学的
5. v.+-ment→n.
commit→　commitment　 n.承诺;承担;保证
acknowledge→　acknowledgement　 n.承认;认可
arrange→　arrangement　 n.安排;筹备
amaze→　amazement　 n.惊讶;惊诧
advertise→　advertisement　 n.广告
6. n.+-ist→n.
novel→　novelist　 n.小说家
science→　scientist　 n.科学家
art→　artist　 n.艺术家
piano→　pianist　 n.钢琴家
violin→　violinist　 n.小提琴家
7. take+adv.→及物动词短语
take up 　开始从事;占用;占据　
【take+adv.短语拓展】
take back　收回;退回　
take down 　写下;记下　
take on　承担;呈现;雇佣　
take in　收留;欺骗;理解;吞并　
take off　脱下;摘下　
take over　接收;接管　
Ⅱ. 语境检测
1. It’s indeed not easy for her to 　obtain　 (获得) the honour in a foreign country.
2. The teacher doesn’t care about students’ 　academic　 (academy) performance.　
3. If you would like to have a try, you will have to spend 125 pounds and the 　analysis　 (analyse) will be completed in 4 to 6 weeks.
4. A lot of water 　flowed　 (流) into the boat and soon it sank.
5. We need to draw a 　distinction　 (distinct) between the two events.
6. The enemy 　fled　 (逃跑) into the mountains, leaving behind their weapons and supplies.
7. My neighbour promised to keep an eye on our 　property　 (财产) while we were away on holiday.
8. Soon, teaming up with his brother, he sold his bakery and 　founded　 (成立) a transport company.　
9. What leads you to the 　conclusion　 (conclude) that he isn’t fit for the job 　
10. Einstein was considered to be a great scientific 　genius　 (天才).
11. I broke a vase 　by　 chance, which was quite treasured by my father.
12. I’ll need to draw 　out　 more cash from the bank tomorrow.
13. The train station has been 　under　 construction since 2021 and is nearly complete.
14. According to the 　theory　 (理论) of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
15. It’s vital that every piece of equipment 　(should) be checked　 (check) before the experiment.
16. When he came 　to　 power, many people were forced to leave their country.
17. The article summed　up　 the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.
18. As you can see, in our class there are 50 students, half of them 　wearing　 (wear) glasses.
19. 　Apparently　 (apparent), I had difficulty adjusting myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight.
20. The artist’s work is 　remarkable　 (remark) for its beauty and originality.
Ⅲ. 语段串记
1. 众所周知,袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。他出生于1930年,自1953年毕业于西南农学院(现西南大学)后,一直致力于增加水稻产量并成功培育了杂交水稻。他把大部分时间都花在了科学研究上。尽管遇到了无数次失败,但他坚持认为在任何情况下,都不能放弃。他坚持亲自下试验田种水稻、分析评估数据。显然,正是他的奉献精神在他的成功过程中起到了极为重要的作用,促使杂交水稻的诞生。他为人类对抗饥饿作出了卓越的贡献。因此,他被称为“杂交水稻之父”,并于2019年被授予“共和国勋章”。
　It’s universally/generally acknowledged that　Yuan is one of China’s most famous scientists. Born in 1930, he 　has been committed to the increase in/increasing　 the rice output and 　succeeded in　 inventing hybrid rice after he graduated from Southwest Agricultural College (now Southwest University) in 1953. He spent most of his time on the 　scientific research　. 　Despite numerous defeats　, he insisted that 　in/under no circumstances　 could he give up. He 　insisted on　 personally planting rice in the experimental field, 　analysing　 and 　evaluating　 data. 　Apparently　, it is his 　commitment　 that plays a 　vital　role in his success, 　leading to　 the birth of hybrid rice. He has 　made remarkable contributions　 in the fight 　against　 hunger for humans. 　As a consequence　, he is called “the Father of Hybrid Rice” and 　was awarded　 the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
2. 一下火车,我就遇到一位中年男子, 他温和地和我打招呼,仿佛跟我很熟。从他的话里我推断我被误认成了王教授。我对他笑了笑,这时他猛然意识到他认错人了。
　Upon/On　 getting off the train, I 　encountered　 a middle-aged man, 　who　 greeted me gently as if he 　had known　 me very well. I 　inferred from　 his words that I 　had been mistaken for　 Professor Wang. I smiled at him, and then it 　struck　 him that he had made a mistake.
Ⅳ. 语法精练
1. I walked in our garden, 　where　 Tom and Jim were playing on the swing.
2. The rock band, 　as　 many of you are old enough to remember, came from China.
3. She was educated at Peking University, after 　which　 she went on to study abroad.
4. Last week, only two people 　who　 wanted to buy the house came to look at it.
5. It is reported that two schools, 　which　 are being built in my hometown, will open next year.
6. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, 　which　 are beyond our control.
7. They will fly to Washington, 　where　 they plan to stay for two or three days.　
8. Many children, 　whose　 parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
9. Whenever I met her, 　which　 was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
10. He will put off the picnic until 1st May, 　when　 he will be free.
11. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of 　whom　 left their village homes for a better life in the city.
12. Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning, 　which　 we think will benefit us in the future.
13. Remember that there is still one point 　which/that/不填　 we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
14. All the neighbours admire this family,　where　 the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.
15. As to the unemployment, the government has taken a series of measures in many areas, 　which　, I am sure, will benefit the people out of work.
16. The reason 　why　 he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.
17. I hate the way 　that/in which/不填　 you talk to your mother.
18. You think the reason 　which/that/不填　 he gave is believable.
19. 　As　 is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.
20. It was in the hotel 　where　 he stayed that I met him.　
21. David is such a good boy 　as　 all the teachers like.
22. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around 　where　 I can get some medicine for my wounded hand ”
23. They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of 　them　 were carried out in their work.
24. On Sundays a lot of children would play in the park, 　whose/where　 parents were seated together joking.
Ⅴ. 语言运用
(2020全国Ⅰ卷改编)你校正在组织主题为“The Person I Respect”的英语作文比赛,请选择你身边的一位令人尊敬的人,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:
1. 人物简介;
2. 人物受尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
范文:
The Person I Respect
Among the many respectable individuals in our lives, such as teachers, parents, or friends, the one I hold in the highest regard is my uncle,who has committed all his life to the noblepursuit of their diseases.
My uncle is a man of determination and compassion, and under no circumstances does he give in to difficulties or give up his patients. Ever since he took up his position as a doctor, he has been serving all the patients heart and soul. In his eyes, it is his responsibility to help patients recover from illnesses. Upon learning that his patients are in urgent need, he springs into action without a moment’s hesitation to offer his aid.
This is my uncle, the person I respect and love the most.Unit 1　People of Achievement
夯基培优练(一)
(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Her work has been (关键性的) to the project’s success.
2. It is (极其重要的) to get medical supplies to the area as soon as possible.
3. The twins are quite distinct one another, so it’s easy to make a (distinct) between them.
4. He o a driver’s licence after a three-month training.
5. I wasn’t there, but (显然) it went well.
6. A great deal of (science) research is being performed in this area.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
lead to　　　　　　　　 with the objective of
get stuck in　 by chance
show promise　 insist on
1. —You will never believe that it took us two hours to get to the restaurant.
—Really You must a traffic jam.
2. They being included in the meeting.　
3. I got this book at a second-hand bookshop.
4. This new technology project of changing the industry.
5. Too much work and too little rest often illness. 　
6. They launched the project improving education in rural areas.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. award vt.授予;给予奖励;判给 n.奖;奖品
The school awarded a scholarship to the outstanding student.
学校把奖学金授予了优秀的学生。
【归纳拓展】
award sth to sb
把某物授予某人;把某物裁定归某人
sb be awarded sth 某人被授予某物
award for… 因……而获得的奖
【即学即练】
(1)他被授予了年度最佳员工奖。
He the Employee of the Year Award.
(2)裁判判定经验更丰富的拳击手获胜。
The judge the more experienced boxer.
(3)他渴望获得那个著名的文学奖。
He is eager to win that famous .
2. ★ acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
It is widely acknowledged that we should learn English by practising, just as we acquire knowledge by reading.
人们普遍认为我们应该通过练习来学习英语, 就像我们通过阅读来学获取知识一样。
【归纳拓展】
be acknowledged (as)… 被认为是……
acknowledge doing sth 承认做某事
It is generally/universally acknowledged that… 大家公认……
注意:acknowledge表示“承认”时,后可接名词、宾语从句或动名词,但不接不定式。
【即学即练】
(1)过去他是全国公认的最出色的诗人。
He to be the finest poet in the land.
(2)Mike被认为是世界上最优秀的篮球运动员之一。
Mike one of the best basketball players in the world.
(3)人们普遍认为贫穷和无知是进步的敌人。
poverty and ignorance are the enemies of progress.
(4)他拒绝承认在比赛中被另一位选手击败。
He refused to by the other competitor in the match.
(5)我们都应该学会承认自己的过错并努力改进自己。
We should all learn to and try to improve ourselves.
3. ★ insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求
If he had insisted that he be sent to work there then, everything would be OK now.
如果那时候他坚持要求被送到那里工作,那么现在一切都好了。
【归纳拓展】
insist on/upon sth 坚决认为;强调……
insist on doing sth 坚决要求;一定要……
insist that… 坚持认为……;坚持要求……
注意:insist 后跟从句,表示“坚持主张某个事实”时,后面的that 从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求做”时,后面的that 从句用虚拟语气“(should)+do”的形式。
【即学即练】
(1)他坚持他的说法准确无误。
He of his account.
(2)那个男孩坚持说他没有偷钱,并且坚决要求让老板向他道歉。
The boy insisted that he and insisted that the boss him.
(3)即使家人反对,她还是坚持要去非洲研究动物。
She still Africa to study animals there, her family asked her not to.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
1. 原句:This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
点睛:同位语是一个名词或名词短语(当它是一个从句时就称为同位语从句),它用于对另一个名词或名词短语进行进一步解释或说明,二者所指相同。
【即学即练】
(1)阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,一位杰出的物理学家,对相对论领域做出了开创性的贡献。
Albert Einstein, , made groundbreaking contributions to the field of relativity.
(2)我叫李华,是来自高二三班的一名学生。我写信是为了向您表达我诚挚的感激之情。
I am Li Hua, . I am writing to express my sincere gratitude to you.
(3)我们,地球未来的主人,有责任让我们的星球变得更美好。
We, , have the responsibility to make our planet a better place.
2. 原句:Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine…”
点睛:Upon/On+动名词(doing sth)意为“一……就……”。
【即学即练】
(1)一看到那幅画,她就被它的美丽所吸引。
, she was attracted by its beauty.
(2)一打开书,她就沉浸在了故事中。
, she was immersed in the story.
3. 原句:It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
点睛:在It is+名词+(for sb/sth)+to do sth句型中,it是形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式。
【即学即练】
(1)中国传统书法能在世界各地被欣赏和实践,实在是一种荣幸。
traditional Chinese calligraphy .
(2)中国高铁技术能出口到世界许多地区并得到利用,这无疑是一项成就。
China’shigh-speed rail technology and utilized in many areas of the world.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life: one was to build nuclear submarines (核潜艇), and the other to build nuclear power plants. Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations.
Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. At that time, the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic energy major. Peng willingly agreed, marking the beginning long commitment to developing China’s nuclear power.
In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. Appointed as the director-in-chief, Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction.
During his career, Peng held a variety of high-ranking titles. In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one of the top academic bodies in China.
Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions.
( )1. What does the author imply in the first paragraph
A. Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power.
B. Peng was actually a very modest person.
C. Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants.
D. Peng was the most important figure in the nuclear field.
( )2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Focus on.
B. Know about.
C. Turn to.
D. Research into.
( )3. How does the author develop the passage
A. By following the time order.
B. By showing the great importance.
C. By providing some similar examples.
D. By explaining the process of research.
( )4. Which of the following is the proper title for the passage
A. China Honors a Nuclear Power Expert
B. Peng Shilu Built Nuclear Submarines
C. China Lost a Famous Nuclear Expert
D. A Nuclear Hero Devoted Himself to Helping His Country
Ⅵ.语法填空
Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou, born in Ningbo, China in 1930, won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the 　1　 (discover) of artemisinin, a vital part of the treatment for malaria. It is believed that it saves 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
She 　2　 (commit) to discovering a new treatment for malaria since 1967, when she joined a team of scientists 　3　 this objective. Her team examined many old medical texts and evaluated tens of thousands of plants.
Inspired by a text from the fourth century, Tu’s team first tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves and then 　4　 liquid obtained by boiling fresh wormwood, 　5　 they didn’t work. Tu Youyou realised that the high temperature might have destroyed its medical 　6　 (property). She tried using a 　7　 (low) temperature to draw out the extract. 　8　 (final) they succeeded in finding a substance that worked. Tu and her team members insisted that the drug 　9　 (test) on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
　10　 (award) the Nobel Prize, Tu said, the honour was not just hers but the team’s and all the people of her country’s.
1. 2.
3. 4. 　
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 　 10.
夯基培优练(二)
(Learning About Language) [P5]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Helen is a very well-known (novel) in Australia.
2. The police play a (关键的) role in safeguarding the community.
3. Our high school is (致力于) to fostering a broad world view.
4. Our research attempts to (评估) the effectiveness of different vaccines.
5. Lu Xun is widely (acknowledge) as one of the greatest modern writers in China.
6. In 1904, he went to Japan and became a medical student, with the (object) of improving people’s health and saving lives.
7. After an endless round of tests and interviews, he finally (获得) a teaching job at a private school.
8. Even a small success gives you a sense of (achieve).
9. Under no (circumstance) should you lend Paul any money, as he is addicted to gambling.
10. She was (apparent) upset by the news.
Ⅱ. 语法突破——非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明或描绘作用,如果省略,也不影响主句的意思,它与主句之间用逗号隔开。翻译时一般与主句译成并列形式。
This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者),她的研究促进了青蒿素的发现。青蒿素是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。
This medicine,which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快便成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别:限制性定语从句与先行词的关系较为密切,删除它后会影响整个句子的表达,不用逗号与主句分开,可用关系代词that;非限制性定语从句不可用关系代词that,先行词还可以是整个句子。试比较:
His father is not a man who speaks ill of others behind their backs. (限制性定语从句)
His father, who never speaks ill of others, is popular with his colleagues. (非限制性定语从句)
注意:as引导的非限制性定语从句,通常位于句首,也可以位于句中或句末,起到对整个主句进行补充说明的作用,通常用在“正像……;正如……”的句式中。
【即学即练】
1. 单句语法填空
(1) is known to everybody, the Moon is smaller than the Earth.
(2)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
(3)He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, he loved and respected as his own mother.
(4)He has passed the college entrance examination, makes his parents quite happy.
2. 用非限制性定语从句完成句子
(1)众所周知,月亮每月绕地球转一周。
, the Moon travels round the Earth once every month.
(2)昨天她买了些布,她打算用这些布做一条裙子。
She bought some cloth yesterday, make a dress.
(3)他们住在一栋高楼里,在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。
They lived in a tall building, a big tree.
(4)让我们为约会定个日期,届时我们将谈论这件事。
Let’s fix the date for our appointment, the matter.
(5)这个组里有60人,其中一半是工人。
There are 60 people in the group, workers.
Ⅲ. 完形填空
Vishweshwar Dutt Saklani took his last breath on 18 January 2019, but he will live on in the memory of his countrymen as the “Tree Man of Uttarakhan”, who planted over 5 million trees.
Saklani had been 　1　 of trees all his life. He planted his first tree at eight under his uncle’s 　2　, and kept it for the next seven decades of his life, until he was 　3　.
People know he loved trees, but few know that he planted trees to 　4　 the sad situations in his life. When his brother died, the Tree Man disappeared into the forest every morning and 　5　 whole days planting trees. Then in 1958, his wife died and he did the same to do with the 　6　. It was like he devoted his life to planting trees as a tribute (悼念) to his 　7　 brother and wife.
The people of his village grew to love him, but it wasn’t always like this. In the beginning, villagers didn’t 　8　 him and even beat him, because he was covering common land. But he never 　9　. He continued planting trees and eventually got understood.
Saklani kept 　10　 his forest until he lost his sight. In 1986, he received the Indira Priyadarshini Award for his 　11　 efforts to protect the forest. In the same year, Saklani suffered a major blow, after a massive wildfire turned many trees to 　12　. Despite the efforts of the local community to control the 　13　, it still destroyed much of the Tree Man’s forest. Although 　14　 by the disaster, Saklani believed that the trees would grow back once the rains came.
Saklani died at 96, but his 　15　 lives on in the forest.
( )1. A. rid B. fond
C. proud D. confident
( )2. A. protection B. command
C. guidance D. control
( )3. A. blind B. deaf
C. exhausted D. bored
( )4. A. deal with B. focus on
C. come across D. carry on
( )5. A. wasted B. cost
C. spent D. took
( )6. A. bond B. project
C. fantasy D. pain
( )7. A. disappeared B. disabled
C. late D. modest
( )8. A. inspire B. encourage
C. judge D. support
( )9. A. moved off B. cut in
C. gave up D. lost face
( )10. A. growing B. equipping
C. exporting D. expanding
( )11. A. continued B. expected
C. worthless D. limitless
( )12. A. ashes B. grains
C. messes D. failures
( )13. A. leaves B. smoke
C. flames D. dust
( )14. A. disturbed B. amused
C. shocked D. hit
( )15. A. performance B. spirit
C. effect D. personality
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the 19th century. In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H.M.S. Rattlesnake. The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighbouring seas. This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物).
On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals. For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another. No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin’s Origin of Species appeared. Thomas Henry Huxley at once realised its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”.
For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin’s work. In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man’s Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿). He clearly showed similarities.
Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life. From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today. He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.
( )1. Why did Huxley go on the voyage
A. To explore the deep sea.
B. To do research on sea animals.
C. To work as a doctor on the ship.
D. To gather information for his paper.
( )2. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection
A. He had doubt about it.
B. He thought highly of it.
C. He couldn’t understand it.
D. He thought he developed it first.
( )3. What do we know about Huxley’s book Man’s Place in Nature
A. It discusses the importance of human beings.
B. It focuses on Darwin’s theory of natural selection.
C. It talks about the differences between man and apes.
D. It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.
( )4. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph
A. He contributed a lot to biology teaching.
B. He continued his research till his death.
C. He became a good novelist late in his life.
D. He never got awards for his achievements.
B
Joseph Goldberger was a doctor for the United States Public Health Service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease. In 1914, Goldberger was asked by US Surgeon General Rupert Blue to study a skin disease that was killing thousands of people in the South. The disease was pellagra (糙皮病).
Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra. He studied the victims and their families. Most of the people lived a hard life. The doctor came to believe that the disease didn’t pass on from one to another, but was instead related to food. He received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison. Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part. One group of prisoners received their usual foods, mostly corn products. A second group ate meat, fresh vegetables and drank milk. Members of the first group developed pellagra. The second group did not.
But some medical researchers refused to accept Goldberger’s idea. For the South, pellagra was more than simply a medical problem. There were other things, including Southern pride.
So Goldberger had himself injected (注射) with blood from a person with pellagra. He also took liquid from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put the liquid into his own nose and throat. He even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients. An assistant also took part in the experiments. So did Goldberger’s wife. None of them got sick.
Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in 1929. He was fifty-five years old. Several years later, researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra: a lack of vitamin B3 known as niacin.
( )5. Who were likely to get pellagra according to Goldberger
A. People in the south of America.
B. People having a poor diet.
C. People in prison.
D. People touching pellagra patients.
( )6. Why did some medical researchers refuse to accept Goldberger’s idea
A. Goldberger’s idea sounds ridiculous.
B. They have done their own research.
C. The result hurt their pride.
D. Goldberger didn’t do enough research.
( )7. What did Goldberger want to prove by the experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4
A. Pellagra wasn’t so terrible.
B. Pellagra could be cured.
C. Pellagra didn’t spread.
D. Pellagra wasn’t a medical problem.
( )8. Which words can be used to describe Goldberger
A. Selfless and friendly.
B. Devoted and determined.
C. Patient and expert.
D. Stubborn and enthusiastic.
夯基培优练(三)
(Using Language) [P9]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. There is a new (设备) for cars that warns drivers of traffic jams ahead.
2. Peking University, (found) in 1898, is the first national comprehensive university in China.
3. Only in this way can we better apply (理论) to practice.
4. He has an (非凡的) memory, and won’t forget anything that has happened in his life.
5. The little boy is said to have a (天赋) for mathematics.
6. We (遇到) several difficulties during the project.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
make contributions to　 come to power
mistake…for…　 sum up
out of… stand on end
1. During dinner, the confusion was cleared up that I Kenny.
2. Now please your opinions in a few words.
3. Since the new president , great changes have taken place in the country.
4. She decided to pursue a career in medicine her deep passion for helping people.
5. His hair at the sight of a snake.
6. Present at the meeting were those who the development of science and technology in our country.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★passion n. 酷爱;激情 passionate adj.热情的;充满激情的 passionately adv.热情地;强烈地
At school, his early interest in music developed into an abiding passion.
他早年对音乐萌发的兴趣在求学时期发展成了一种始终不渝的热爱。
【归纳拓展】
have a passion for sth 对……充满热情
pursue one’s passion 追求自己的热爱
with passion 充满激情地
a passionate speech 一场充满激情的演讲
be passionate about sth 对……充满热情
【即学即练】
(1)她对音乐充满热情。
She music.
(2)他正在追求自己对绘画的热爱。
He for painting.
(3)她充满激情地讲述了自己的梦想。
She spoke about her dreams.
(4)他对环境保护充满热情。
He 　environmental protection.
2. ★found vt.(founded, founded, founding)创建;建立;把……建立在
Her family founded the college in 1895.
她的家族于1895年创办了这所学院。
【归纳拓展】
well-founded adj. 有根据的;理由充分的
ill-founded adj. 无根据的;理由不充分的
found a company/school /…
创立一家公司/建立一所学校/……
be founded on sth 以……为基础
founding fathers/members奠基者;元勋/创始成员
【即学即练】
(1)他创立了一家成功的科技公司。
He a successful tech company.
(2)他们的友谊建立在相互信任的基础上。
Their friendship mutual trust.
(3)他的担忧是有根据的。
His concerns are .
(4)他对这个项目的批评是毫无根据的。我们有大量可靠的数据来支持我们的计划。
His criticism of the project is . There is a lot of solid data to support our plan.
(5)这家公司的创办可以追溯到 19 世纪。
The of the company dates back to the 19th century.
(6)像威廉·冯特这样的现代心理学的奠基者为人类心理的科学研究奠定了基础。
The of modern psychology, like Wilhelm Wundt, laid the groundwork for the scientific study of the human mind.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
原句:He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.
点睛:后半句the most well-known being…为独立主格结构。独立主格结构本身并不是句子,它通常由两部分组成,前一部分是名词或代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(也可以是形容词、副词或介词短语等),前后两部分是逻辑上的主谓关系。它通常在句中作状语,可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
【即学即练】
用括号中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1. The weather (be) fine, we decided to go swimming.　
2. The question (settle), they went back to their respective posts.
3. Weather (permit), we will go on an outing tomorrow.
4. So much work (do), he almost had no time to rest.
5. The teacher came in, (手上拿着一本书).
6. (会议结束后), they all went home.
7. He sat in the chair, (脸色惨白).
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
Mary Lyon was a leader in women’s education in the 19th century. It was a time when women’s education was not considered important in the United States. States did require each town to provide a school for children, but there were not enough teachers. Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and music.
Mary Lyon felt that women’s education was extremely important. She believed women were teachers both in the home and in the classroom. Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland. She suggested new ways of teaching, including holding discussion groups for students.
Then, Mary began to raise money for her dream school for the higher education of women. This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors. Its finances would be the responsibility of the directors. It would not depend on any one person to continue. And, the students would share in cleaning and cooking to keep costs down. In 1837, Mary Lyon opened Mount Holyoke Seminary for Women. In 1893, 44 years after her death, under a state law, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary became the first college to offer women the same kind of education as men.
Mary’s efforts led to the spread of higher education for women in the United States. Her influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others.
( )1. What was American women’s problem with education in the 19th century
A. Teachers were careless about teaching.
B. They had few choices about the subjects.
C. The government paid no attention to education.
D. They had no chance to continue their education.
( )2. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Mary thought little of women’s education.
B. Mary preferred women to be educated at home.
C. Mary attached importance to women’s education.
D. Group discussions were not held in Mary’s school.
( )3. What was Mary’s dream school like
A. It would have very strict rules.
B. It would be independent in finance.
C. It would be owned by the government.
D. It would depend on some important person.
( )4. Why is Mary still remembered by Americans
A. She set up the first college.
B. She made women equal to men.
C. She helped to pass American education law.
D. She improved American women’s education.
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England.
Florence often helped her mother deliver food to the poor and sick. 　1　 Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.
But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learnt everything she could. 　2　
In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia, Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere. 　3　 Many soldiers died before receiving help.
The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals—until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者) arrived. 　4　 Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp.
When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honour. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions. Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.
After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals. 　5　 All of this was because of the “lady with the lamp”.
A. Nursing became an honoured profession.
B. There was no running water and no heat.
C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing.
D. Florence saw the soldiers’ health had improved.
E. As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.
F. They soon realised that Florence could give a hand.
G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.
1. 　2. 　3.
4. 　5.
Ⅶ. 语法填空
In ancient China lived an artist 　1　 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 　2　 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 　3　 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s Chief Minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 　4　 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 　5　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 　6　 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 　7　 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 　8　 (gentle) along the river, he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 　9　 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (使谦卑) by the greatest artist 　10　 the Earth, Mother Nature.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
夯基培优练(四)
(Writing & Assessing Your Progress) [P13]
Ⅰ. 完形填空
Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age of five with her family. While 　1　 her sick elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(n) 　2　 in medicine. At 18 she married and started a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 　3　. Her husband supported her decision.
　4　, Canadian medical schools did not accept women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 　5　 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to 　6　 her medical degree.
Upon graduation, Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private 　7　. Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a 　8　 doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 　9　 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charlotte had been practising without a licence. She had 　10　 a doctor’s licence in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 　11　. The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 　12　 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 　13　 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to 　14　 a licence to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte continued to practise without a licence until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her 　15　, a medical licence was issued to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honour “this courageous and pioneering woman”.
( )1. A. raising B. teaching
C. nursing　 D. missing
( )2. A. habit　 B. interest
C. opinion　 D. voice
( )3. A. doctor　 B. musician
C. lawyer　 D. physicist
( )4. A. Besides　 B. Unfortunately
C. Otherwise　 D. Eventually
( )5. A. history　 B. physics　
C. medicine　 D. law
( )6. A. improve　 B. save　
C. design　 D. earn
( )7. A. school　 B. museum　
C. clinic　 D. lab
( )8. A. busy　 B. wealthy　
C. greedy　 D. lucky
( )9. A. harmful　 B. tired　
C. broken　 D. weak
( )10. A. put away　 B. taken over
C. turned in　 D. applied for
( )11. A. punished　 B. refused
C. blamed　 D. fired
( )12. A. display　 B. change
C. preview　 D. complete
( )13. A. leave　 B. charge
C. test　 D. cure
( )14. A. sell　 B. donate
C. issue　 D. show
( )15. A. birth　 B. death　
C. wedding　 D. graduation
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
When Jenny Streete began caring for older people more than 50 years ago, prejudice was part of her everyday working life. Streete, who grew up in Jamaica and came to England in 1967, had a way of dealing with it: “Just put a smile on your face,” she says. “If you let bad words into your brain, it will only cause you more harm.”
The 81-year-old remembers one instance of abuse.
Streete says: “The sister who was managing the ward (病房) tried to calm a woman down. But I told the sister to let her say what she has to say. I don’t mind.”
The next night, Streete noticed the woman’s blanket had fallen off. She replaced it, telling the patient in a low voice exactly what she was doing and why. The same thing happened the next night, and the next. “But then, the night that I was off duty, that same woman asked the sister: ‘Where is that black lady I don’t want anyone else to look after me while she is on duty. She was so kind.’”
Brought up by her grandparents, Streete found her vocation after a mystery illness that nearly killed her, and left her with permanently damaged vision. She got better, she says, because of “loving care and tenderness”. When she came to England, she was determined to give that care to others.
And Streete hopes to carry on caring for older people as long as possible—although, she says, her children are urging her to retire. She currently works two nights a week in an end-of-life ward which provides specialist nursing. Many of the people she looks after are now a similar age to her.
Her preference for night shifts hasn’t changed, either. She frequently stays on after her shift is finished to spend time with residents.
She urges those considering a career in care to think hard about why they’re choosing it. “Sometimes, people are not happy because they don’t want to do the job—they have to do it, because there is no other way. Wanting to do it is very different from having to do it.”
But the key quality a care worker needs, she says, is patience, “Some people like to do everything quick-quick-quick, but you have to take your time with residents. I just try to treat everybody the way I would like to be treated.”
( )1. What do we know about Jenny Streete
A. She never accepts others’ words.
B. She minded so much when abused.
C. She fell ill when she left Jamaica.
D. She has her own opinions about nursing.
( )2. What motivated Streete to choose her lifelong occupation
A. Her love for England.
B. The tender care she got.
C. Older people’s prejudice.
D. Her grandparents’ encouragement.
( )3. What qualities does Streete possess as a nurse
A. Serious and wise.
B. Positive but stubborn.
C. Responsible and patient.
D. Honest but indifferent.
( )4. What is the passage mainly about
A. Jenny Streete’s care for others in her whole life.
B. Jenny Streete’s advice on how to find a good job.
C. Jenny Streete’s experiences of fighting disease.
D. Jenny streete’s determination to remove prejudice.
Ⅲ. 书面表达
人物介绍
文体感知
导读:人物介绍是高中生基础写作任务中常见的一种话题类型,涉及人物的出生时间、家庭背景、教育经历、生平经历、成就和评价等。其文体是记叙文。
结构:1. 开头:讲述人物的生平。
2. 主体:按时间顺序分段描述所介绍人物的主要经历及取得的相应成就。
3. 结尾:表达自己对此人物的看法。
注意:1. 人称:用第三人称的描述较为客观,所以通常用第三人称。
2. 时态:在说明人物的过去经历和成就时,用一般过去时;在发表自己对于此人物的看法时,用一般现在时即可。
【素材】
请你根据下列提示,用英语对钟南山作简单介绍。
1. 钟南山,1936年10月出生于江苏省南京市,是21世纪最著名的医学家之一;
2. 1960年,他毕业于北京医学院。此后一直从事呼吸内科的医疗和科研工作并取得了非凡的成就;
3. 2003年,“非典”疫情暴发,他带领医护工作者成功抗击“非典”; 2004年,他被评为“感动中国2003年度十大人物”之一。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:呼吸内科 respiratory medicine
【审题谋篇】
体裁
话题
时态
人称
【词汇】
1. 被公认为
2. 致力于;奉献于
3. 抗击
4. 被授予
5. 蔓延;扩散
6. 作出卓越贡献
【句式】
亮点句式
☆ …, born in…, is acknowledged as one of…
☆ Showing great interest in…, he…
☆ …graduated from, after which…
☆ Since…, …has been committed to…
☆ …has been buried in…, which enables…to…
1. 完成句子
(1)钟南山于1936年10月出生于江苏省南京市。
(2)他被公认为是21世纪最著名的医学家之一。
(3)他于1960年毕业于北京医学院。
Beijing Medical College in 1960.
(4)此后他一直从事呼吸内科的医疗和科研工作并取得了非凡的成就。
Since then, of respiratory medicine and made extraordinary achievements.
2. 句式升级
(1)用形容词作状语连接第1小题中的句(1)和句(2)。
(2)用since引导时间状语从句连接第1小题中的句(3)和句(4)。
【妙笔成篇】
范文:
核心素养提升
(单元复习) [P16]
Ⅰ. 词汇类记
1. v.+-able→adj.
remark→ adj.显著的; 引人注目的
suit→ adj.合适的;适用的
comfort→ adj.舒服的
change→ adj.可改变的
value→ adj.宝贵的;有价值的
2. v.+-ive→adj.　
object→ adj.客观的
impress→ adj.给人深刻印象的
protect→ adj.保护的
create→ adj.有创造力的
act→ adj.积极的;活跃的
attract→ adj.吸引人的
3. adj.+-ly→adv.
apparent→ adv.显然地
gradual→ adv.逐渐地
gentle→ adv.温柔地;柔和地
actual→ adv.真实地
fluent→ adv.流利地;流畅地
frequent→ adv.频繁地
4. n.+-cal→adj.
botany→ adj.植物学的
physiology→ adj.生理学(上)的
biology→ adj.生物学的
psychology→ adj.心理学的
5. v.+-ment→n.
commit→ n.承诺;承担;保证
acknowledge→ n.承认;认可
arrange→ n.安排;筹备
amaze→ n.惊讶;惊诧
advertise→ n.广告
6. n.+-ist→n.
novel→ n.小说家
science→ n.科学家
art→ n.艺术家
piano→ n.钢琴家
violin→ n.小提琴家
7. take+adv.→及物动词短语
take up
【take+adv.短语拓展】
take back
take down
take on
take in
take off
take over
Ⅱ. 语境检测
1. It’s indeed not easy for her to (获得) the honour in a foreign country.
2. The teacher doesn’t care about students’ (academy) performance.　
3. If you would like to have a try, you will have to spend 125 pounds and the (analyse) will be completed in 4 to 6 weeks.
4. A lot of water (流) into the boat and soon it sank.
5. We need to draw a (distinct) between the two events.
6. The enemy (逃跑) into the mountains, leaving behind their weapons and supplies.
7. My neighbour promised to keep an eye on our (财产) while we were away on holiday.
8. Soon, teaming up with his brother, he sold his bakery and (成立) a transport company.　
9. What leads you to the (conclude) that he isn’t fit for the job 　
10. Einstein was considered to be a great scientific (天才).
11. I broke a vase chance, which was quite treasured by my father.
12. I’ll need to draw more cash from the bank tomorrow.
13. The train station has been construction since 2021 and is nearly complete.
14. According to the (理论) of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
15. It’s vital that every piece of equipment (check) before the experiment.
16. When he came power, many people were forced to leave their country.
17. The article summed the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.
18. As you can see, in our class there are 50 students, half of them (wear) glasses.
19. (apparent), I had difficulty adjusting myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight.
20. The artist’s work is (remark) for its beauty and originality.
Ⅲ. 语段串记
1. 众所周知,袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。他出生于1930年,自1953年毕业于西南农学院(现西南大学)后,一直致力于增加水稻产量并成功培育了杂交水稻。他把大部分时间都花在了科学研究上。尽管遇到了无数次失败,但他坚持认为在任何情况下,都不能放弃。他坚持亲自下试验田种水稻、分析评估数据。显然,正是他的奉献精神在他的成功过程中起到了极为重要的作用,促使杂交水稻的诞生。他为人类对抗饥饿作出了卓越的贡献。因此,他被称为“杂交水稻之父”,并于2019年被授予“共和国勋章”。
Yuan is one of China’s most famous scientists. Born in 1930, he the rice output and inventing hybrid rice after he graduated from Southwest Agricultural College (now Southwest University) in 1953. He spent most of his time on the . , he insisted that could he give up. He personally planting rice in the experimental field, and data. , it is his that plays a role in his success, the birth of hybrid rice. He has in the fight hunger for humans. , he is called “the Father of Hybrid Rice” and the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
2. 一下火车,我就遇到一位中年男子, 他温和地和我打招呼,仿佛跟我很熟。从他的话里我推断我被误认成了王教授。我对他笑了笑,这时他猛然意识到他认错人了。
getting off the train, I a middle-aged man, greeted me gently as if he me very well. I his words that I Professor Wang. I smiled at him, and then it him that he had made a mistake.
Ⅳ. 语法精练
1. I walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were playing on the swing.
2. The rock band, many of you are old enough to remember, came from China.
3. She was educated at Peking University, after she went on to study abroad.
4. Last week, only two people wanted to buy the house came to look at it.
5. It is reported that two schools, are being built in my hometown, will open next year.
6. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, are beyond our control.
7. They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or three days.　
8. Many children, parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
9. Whenever I met her, was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
10. He will put off the picnic until 1st May, he will be free.
11. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.
12. Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning, we think will benefit us in the future.
13. Remember that there is still one point we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
14. All the neighbours admire this family, the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.
15. As to the unemployment, the government has taken a series of measures in many areas, , I am sure, will benefit the people out of work.
16. The reason he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.
17. I hate the way you talk to your mother.
18. You think the reason he gave is believable.
19. is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.
20. It was in the hotel he stayed that I met him.　
21. David is such a good boy all the teachers like.
22. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around I can get some medicine for my wounded hand ”
23. They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of were carried out in their work.
24. On Sundays a lot of children would play in the park, parents were seated together joking.
Ⅴ. 语言运用
(2020全国Ⅰ卷改编)你校正在组织主题为“The Person I Respect”的英语作文比赛,请选择你身边的一位令人尊敬的人,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:
1. 人物简介;
2. 人物受尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
范文:
The Person I Respect

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