资源简介

Unit 3　Diverse Cultures
夯基培优练(一)
(Listening & Speaking) [P33]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. The introduction the book roughly talks about whether the introduction independent taxation does good to local finances or not.
2. Remember those less (fortune) than you and get ready to lend them a helping hand.
3. All (ethnically) groups have the right to enjoy the freedom of religious belief.
4. He gave the same answer before.
5. Our government has taken measures to bring the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
6. When (complete), the cinema will be open next year.
7. They landed safely on the island in the Pacific. Everything went on better than (expect).
8. The football team made of the best players is sure to win the match.
9. The city is no longer it used to be.
10. I come from Thailand and most Thai food is (spice), but we also have normal food too.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
make a fortune　　　　 be home to
at least　 exist in
it is likely that　 around the world
seek out　 ethnic group
1. The park bears, wolves and other wild animals.
2. How can we a practical solution to settle the problem
3. The cultural features of different are in tune with one another and work out a melody.
4. Black clouds are gathering! it is going to rain.
5. Besides , the firm may also enrich the world’s culture.
6. English is a language that many people may not speak perfectly but can understand.
7. A lie can travel half way while the truth is putting on the shoes.
8. Maybe you’re dreaming me; maybe we only each other’s dreams and every morning when we wake up we forget all about each other.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★fortune n. 机会;运气;命运;巨款 fortunate adj. 幸运的;交好运的;吉利的 misfortune n. 厄运;不幸;不幸的事故(或情况、事件)
【归纳拓展】
good fortune 好财运;好运;顺景
make a fortune 发财;赚大钱
seek one’s fortune 外出寻找发财机会;外出闯荡
reversal of fortune 命运的逆转
cost a fortune
花大价钱;价格很高;值一大笔钱
【即学即练】
(1)他们很幸运,车祸时没有受伤。
They had the to escape injury when their car crashed.
(2)这片地区的公寓值一大笔钱。
Flats in this area .
(3)许多年轻的毕业生选择到大城市闯荡,希望找到更好的机会。
Many young graduates choose to in big cities, hoping to find better opportunities.
(4)公司采用新策略后命运发生了逆转。
The company after the new strategy.
(5)他开矿发了大财。
He from mining.
2. mix vi.& vt. (使)混合;掺和;融合 n. 混合;混杂;结合;混合物 mixed adj. 混合的;混杂的 mixture n. 混合;结合体;混合物
【归纳拓展】
mix A with B 将A与B混合
mix well 混合均匀;相处融洽
mix in 混合;融入;加入
a mixture of… ……的混合物
mixed feelings 复杂的心情
mix up 混淆;弄乱
【即学即练】
(1)她把面粉和糖混合在一起做蛋糕。
She to make the cake.
(2)这个社区里不同文化的人相处得很融洽。
People from different cultures in this community.
(3)他的演讲是幽默与严肃的混合体。
His speech was .
(4)我不小心把盐和糖弄混了。
I accidentally .
(5)他对这个决定感到心情复杂,既期待又担忧。
He the decision, both excited and worried.
(6)新同学很快就融入了班级。
The new student quickly with the class.
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Traditional Chinese entertainment is lively and deeply rooted in the country’s rich cultural heritage. Here are four iconic acts that continue to thrill audiences worldwide:
Lion Dance: The lion dance dates back at least 2,000 years to the Han Dynasty, featuring two performers in a brightly coloured lion costume, symbolising power, wisdom, and good fortune. It is a staple at celebrations like Chinese New Year, weddings, and corporate events, often used to honour special guests.
Dragon Dance: Dating back to 180—230 AD, this performance involves 2 to 50 dancers parading a colourful dragon, sometimes up to 70 metres long. Accompanied by drums, cymbals, and gongs, the dragon symbolises luck, dignity, and power. It is said that the dragon is tied to Yandi, a mythical tribal leader, making it a significant cultural symbol.
Chinese Drumming: A high-impact stage show, Chinese drumming features large, ornate drums played by musicians in colourful costumes. With roots dating back nearly 4,000 years, drumming was historically used in celebrations and battles. Today, it remains a favourite at weddings, festivals, and national events.
Face-Changing (Bian Lian): An amazing act from Sichuan Opera, face-changing involves performers swiftly changing masks with a wave of the hand or fan. It is believed to date back 300 years. They say that the art form developed from a survival technique. People painted colourful designs on their faces to frighten wild animals.
Our top four traditional Chinese acts are just the beginning. There are many more cultural performances to explore, such as oriental dance, martial arts, Chinese opera, and music. We work with artists worldwide to bring these traditions to life. Whether you need entertainment for Chinese New Year, a cultural event, or creative inspiration, contact us today to discover exciting options that we offer to meet your needs.
( )1. Which performance has the longest history according to the text
A. Lion Dance.
B. Dragon Dance.
C. Chinese Drumming.
D. Face-Changing.
( )2. What is special about the Face-Changing (Bian Lian) performance
A. It used to be a survival technique.
B. It is performed to honour special guests.
C. It is traditionally taught only to women.
D. It symbolises luck, wisdom, and power.
( )3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To explore traditional Chinese culture.
B. To bring Chinese traditions back to life.
C. To advertise the cultural event planning.
D. To compare differences among these acts.
B
As part of your trip to Australia, you must make sure you experience some Aboriginal culture. Before the British and European settlers arrived in Australia, the only residents were the Aboriginal.
European settlers brought Old World diseases which the Aboriginal could not cope with, so many people died. To make matters worse, they weren’t given any rights to the land and they were pushed out to make way for the Europeans. Nowadays, the Aboriginal account for just three percent of the Australian population, and many suffer from alcohol and health problems. But there are pockets within Australia where you can still see their old values and traditions. These are key places to learn more about Aboriginal culture and beliefs.
The Aboriginal culture is complex with many beliefs and hidden layers to explore. Music and art are the most well-known aspects. Did you know that the didgeridoo is only used by those from the East. Rock art is the oldest form of Aboriginal art and can be found in places such as Uluru and Kakadu National Park as these are sacred Aboriginal lands. It is the dot paintings (点画) that are particularly popular with tourists and these are generally easy to find throughout Australia.
There are lots of places you can go to learn about the Aboriginal culture. Arnhem Land, which is near Darwin in the top-end of Australia, is the best place to go. A number of tourists are restricted to this sacred area so you can guarantee a less touristy approach. You do get to appreciate the real culture and see real Aboriginal dot paintings and handiwork. You can easily include a day trip here as part of your trip to Darwin. Remember that this area has defined seasons so only come here between May and October.
( )4. According to the first paragraph, the Aboriginal are .
A. settlers from the Europe
B. people native to Australia
C. travelers round the world
D. people interested in culture
( )5. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Most of the Aboriginal lead a simple but healthy life.
B. The Aboriginal is the majority of Australian population.
C. European settlers pushed the Aboriginal to open up wasteland.
D. The Aboriginal culture is passed down within small areas.
( )6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A. Rock art witnessed the history of Australia.
B. The Aboriginal had close links with the East.
C. Tourists take an interest in the Aboriginal culture.
D. Music and art are more popular than dot paintings.
( )7. Why does the author recommend a trip to Arnhem Land
A. The Aboriginal culture is rooted there.
B. The Aboriginal culture is well preserved there.
C. Arnhem Land is available throughout the year.
D. Many tourists speak highly of the trip there.
夯基培优练(二)
(Reading & Thinking)[P36]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Many researchers c that left-handedness has something to do with physical and mental features.
2. While most of the world’s population is right-handed, a (minor) are left-handed.
3. Whoever breaks the law won’t e from punishment.
4. When he returned from his successful climb of Mount Qomolangma, Andrew finished his travel (journalist) and gave it to the newspaper.
5. Apart economic, political and cultural differences, there are still some other differences between the two countries.
6. The company and the effect that it brought did great good to our business in western countries.
7. The young man, who by then had gained (admit) to a university, decided to do some part-time jobs to gain more practical experience.
8. Nowadays, (select) a good place for the camp is not quite easy.
9. Tom prefers to live in the d , which enables him to lead a life with comfort and ease.
10. He (seek) his doctor’s advice, but the doctor didn’t give him anything useful.
11. Jack put his heart into the wildlife research and finally, his effort (earn) him great success and fame.
12. If you say that you have a m , you mean that you have a strong commitment and sense of duty to do or achieve something.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
a series of　　　　 feel good (to do/doing)
a mix of… do a good job of
earn a living offer a great view of…
head for seek one’s fortune
1. After unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed the driving test.
2. The café on the hilltop the entire valley, making it a popular spot for tourists.
3. Although she studied art, she now managing a tech company and leads an innovative team.
4. The small town is known for traditional crafts and modern art, attracting creative minds from all over.
5. It was not long before they left their village to in the south.
6. It volunteering at the animal shelter every weekend because I know I’m making a difference.
7. I’m the airport! My flight to Paris leaves in two hours.
8. Despite his disability, he by painting stunning landscapes that sell worldwide.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★admit vi.& vt. 承认 vt. 准许进入(或加入) admission n. (机构、组织等的)准许加入;加入权;进入权;(尤指对过错、罪行的)承认;招认;招供;入场费;门票费 admittance n. 准许进入;进入权 admittedly adv. (尤用于句首)诚然;无可否认
【归纳拓展】
admit doing sth 承认做过某事
admit to (a crime/mistake) 承认(罪行/错误)
admit sb into…
准许某人进入……;允许某人加入……
be admitted to hospital 被送入医院
gain admission to…
获得进入……的许可;被……录取/接纳
admit defeat 认输
admit the truth 承认真相
admit responsibility 承担责任
【即学即练】
(1)他最终承认偷了钱包。
He finally .
(2)俱乐部允许会员参加其独家活动。
The club its exclusive events.
(3)诚然,这个方案并非完美,但已是当前最佳选择。
, the plan isn’t perfect, but it’s the best option now.
(4)未经许可不得进入实验室。
the lab without permission.
(5)他拒绝为自己的错误承担责任。
He refused to his mistake.
(6)她未能被自己选择的大学录取。
She failed to the university of her choice.
2. ★seek vt.& vi. (sought, sought) 寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求 seeker n. 寻找者;寻求者;追求者;谋求者 sought-after adj. (因稀有或质优而) 受欢迎的;吃香的;抢手的
【归纳拓展】
seek to do sth 试图做某事
seek out 寻找;找出
be sought-after 备受追捧
seek advice/refuge/employment/permission/justice/solutions 寻求建议/寻求庇护/找工作/请求许可/追求正义/寻求解决方法
【即学即练】
(1)他们正在寻求解决环境问题的方法。
They environmental issues.
(2)这款限量版球鞋非常抢手。
This limited-edition sneaker .
(3)她试图隐藏自己的真实感受。
She her true feelings.
(4)许多移民工人来此寻求更好的生活。
Many immigrants workers come here to .　
(5)求职者应提前研究公司背景。
should research the company background beforehand.
(6)探险队深入丛林寻找稀有植物。
The expedition deep in the jungle.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
原句:And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
点睛:what引导的感叹句通常有以下两种结构:“What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或“What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语”。在口语中,主语和谓语常常省略。
【即学即练】
1. 多么鼓舞人心的故事——一位残疾人登顶珠峰!
—a disabled climber reaching the summit of Mount Everest!
2. 真是天才之作——这部小说同时获得了诺贝尔文学奖和普利策奖!
—a novel that won both the Nobel Prize in Literature and the Pulitzer!
Ⅴ. 完形填空
While her French classmate ate salads, Li Mei took out a package of steamed rice. When she transferred to a high school in Paris, her lunch became a daily 　1　. One Monday, one boy Pierre pointed at her lunch and whispered, “That looks 　2　!” Li Mei flushed, quietly avoiding the cafeteria.
Everything 　3　 when her history teacher, Mr Dupont, 　4　 a project “Food & Culture Week”. Each student was to 　5　 a traditional dish and present its cultural significance. Li Mei 　6　 would anyone care about Chinese food here Eventually, she decided on jianbing, a flavour from her hometown.
On presentation day, she 　7　 the materials with trembling hands. To her surprise, Pierre volunteered to help cook. As they spread the batter (面糊), he 　8　 “I made fun of your food at first, but now I see it’s part of your 　9　.” When the crispy jianbing was served, classmate crowded around, asking questions about Chinese New Year traditions.
The event made everyone 　10　. Students who once 　11　 her now greeted her warmly. A girl named Sophie even proposed 　12　 a French-Chinese cook book together for the school fair and suggested including family dishes passed down through generations.
On the final day, 　13　 filled a book titled Bites Beyond Borders. Holding it, Li Mei realised that cultural gaps weren’t about walls but doors—waiting to be unlocked. A simple 　14　 had taught her more about belonging than any textbook.
“Food is the 　15　 foreign policy,” Mr Dupont said, biting into a red bean croissant.
( )1. A. adventure B. struggle
C. routine D. necessity
( )2. A. messy B. ordinary
C. strange D. special
( )3. A. mattered B. worked
C. rested D. changed
( )4. A. praised B. postponed
C. concluded D. launched
( )5. A. purchase B. review
C. prepare D. receive
( )6. A. joked B. hesitated
C. insisted D. protested
( )7. A. laid out B. held back
C. heated up D. gave away
( )8. A. argued B. denied
C. admitted D. added
( )9. A. identity B. interest
C. personality D. quality
( )10. A. freed B. relaxed
C. amused D. connected
( )11. A. betrayed B. overlooked
C. envied D. misled
( )12. A. borrowing B. authoring
C. promoting D. sponsoring
( )13. A. stories B. photos
C. recipes D. quotes
( )14. A. game B. question
C. gift D. lunch
( )15. A. tastiest B. heaviest
C. oldest D. fastest
Ⅵ. 阅读七选五
Children’s Games in Ancient China
Unlike the children nowadays, the children during ancient times didn’t have smartphones or computers to entertain themselves. 　1　 Let’s take a look.
Fly kites.
Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. 　2　 For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.
Play hide-and-seek.
Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. Even nowadays, many children like playing it. There are two ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease (戏弄) him. 　3　
　4　
The closest thing to watching a film or television for entertainment during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. Folk artists manipulate puppets behind the screen, narrating stories and accompanied by music.
Set off firecrackers (鞭炮).
Firecrackers have a history of more than 2,000 years. It is said that there was a beast (野兽) named Nian in ancient China. 　5　 After gunpowder was invented, it gradually replaced the bamboo joint cracker. Crackers are still set off during the Spring Festival to symbolise auspiciousness (吉祥).
A. Watch shadow plays.
B. Each of them has special features.
C. Different materials are used to make the kite.
D. Shadow plays were the popular entertaining form in ancient times.
E. More commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.
F. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood.
G. And to scare off the beast, people burnt bamboo joints to make them blast.
1. 　2. 　3. 4. 　5.
夯基培优练(三)
(Discovering Useful Structures, Listening & Talking)[P39]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. All the visitors kept silent when they paid a visit to the (history) scene.
2. In Africa you must be careful of snakes because some of them are (poison).
3. He f up his umbrella as he entered the room.
4. This incident led to the breakout of the global (finance) crisis.
5. The workers the bridge damaged by the flood at present, and the bridge under connects the road with town.(construct)
6. Yuan Longping grows what is called s hybrid rice.
7. The publishing house just brought out several selections from Chinese (poet), which became the bestseller last month.
8. Two years ago he published a (collect) of short stories called Facing the Music.
9. possible, I will help you with your work.
10. While there are many strict occupational disciplines in home health care system, by far the largest p of employment is found with the aide (助理) position.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
cultural diversity　　　　　 check out
leave out　 take out
the percentage of a mix of
1. When you are , I will appreciate it if you pay in cash.
2. Before leaving for the trip, the old lady her passport and travel documents to make sure everything was ready.
3. people who prefer online shopping is growing.
4. In a globalised world, is essential for fostering mutual understanding and respect among different nations.
5. She an important detail in her account, which put her in a terrible situation.
6. I like this course because it’s history, religious studies and current events.
Ⅲ. 语法突破——省略
　　在英语中,省略现象主要分为以下三种情况:
1. 句子成分的省略。包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语的省略与主谓结构和主系结构的省略。如:
(1)Some clerks are hard-working, but some are not (hard-working).
有些职员很勤奋,但有些职员不(勤奋)。
(2)I spent part of the money, and I gave the rest (of the money) to that poor child.
我花了一部分钱,剩下的(钱)我给了那个可怜的孩子。
(3)(Are you) Tired of all that fat (Do you) Want to lose weight
(你)吃厌了油腻的东西了吗 (你)想减肥吗
2. 特殊结构的省略。包括if only 句式中的省略与含possible、necessary、so 结构的省略, 以及一些固定用法。如:
(1)If only I had studied harder.
要是我以前更加努力地学习就好了。
(2)When necessary (=when it is necessary), we will take on more workers.
必要的时候,我们会多雇几个工人。
(3)What about having a game of chess
下盘棋怎么样
3. 不定式结构中的省略。如果不定式中含有be、have 和have been 时,通常将其保留,而把其余部分省略。如:
—Are you a college student 你是大学生吗
—No, but I used to be (a college student). 不,但我曾经是(一名大学生)。
【即学即练】
1. 将下列句子补充完整,省略部分用括号表示
(1)Haven’t seen you for ages.
(2)Some more tea
(3)Sounds like a good idea.
(4)Doesn’t matter.
(5)Sorry to hear that.
(6)Pity you couldn’t come.
(7)This way, please.
(8)Terrible weather!
(9)Joining us for a drink
(10)Going to the supermarket
2. 用适当的省略形式完成句子
(1)—Tomorrow is a holiday. Why are you doing your homework
—I am doing these exercises now so that I won’t have on Sunday.
(2)—Shall I invite Ann to my birthday party tomorrow evening 　
—Yes. It’ll be fine if you .
(3)—Aren’t you the manager
—No, and I don’t want to .
(4)—I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat
—Not at all. I’d be glad .
(5)—I won’t do it any more.
—Why
(6)When first (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
(7)It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when (question) at the meeting by my boss.
(8)I’m looking forward as much to her return as she herself to (see) me.
(9)Who can you turn to in time of danger, if not (we)
(10)—She may be free today.
—If , we’ll have to put the meeting off.　
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Situated in Huaxi District, Guiyang, Zhenshan Ethnic Culture Village is a world of stone, where many things like door frames and roads are made of stone. Buyi men and women in their best clothes sing and dance at the village entrance as they greet visitors and invite them to join the villagers in making cake flour with rice.
The village was first built during the Ming Dynasty, with a history of more than 400 years. Three sides of the village are surrounded by water. It is built against the mountains according to the local geological conditions.
There are about 120 families and three fourths of them are Buyi people and one fourth are Miao people. On 10 January every lunar year, the villagers hold traditional dancing activities to celebrate the New Year. Buyi and Miao villagers in their best costumes sing and dance to the melodies from the Lusheng (芦笙) and the bamboo flutes to celebrate their own traditional festival. Legends said once some robbers captured the Buyi forefather in the village. The villagers failed to rescue him by themselves and asked the local Miao people for help. The Miao people played the Lusheng and sang Miao songs to communicate with him and the robbers couldn’t understand them. With the help of the Miao people, the forefather was rescued. Since then, the local Buyi people have formed the custom of singing and dancing to appreciate the help from the Miao. People sing and dance for three days for the festival each year.
Besides this, Zhenshan villagers also celebrate the traditional “Siyueba” Festival (8 April Festival) and the “Qiyueban” Festival (the Ghost Festival). Now, these festivals have become joyous days celebrated by Miao, Buyi, Dong, Zhuang, Shui, Gelao, and even the Han people.
In Zhenshan, some young people take advantage of the festivals to make friends and choose their future husbands or wives. Girls usually make embroideries (刺绣) and give them as gifts to their lovers.
( )1. We can infer the village is called “a world of stone” mainly because .
A. the villagers are very cold
B. the villagers are very strong
C. the village is built on a large stone
D. the village is in mountains and rich in stones
( )2. Which of the following is NOT a way of greeting visitors
A. Dressing up.
B. Dancing and singing.
C. Preparing embroideries.
D. Inviting them to make cake flour.
( )3. The Miao people played the Lusheng and sang Miao songs at first to .
A. stop the robbers understanding them
B. show the robbers their power
C. challenge the Buyi people
D. please the robbers
( )4. What can we learn about the “Siyueba” Festival
A. It is a newly-formed festival.
B. It is only celebrated in Zhenshan Village.
C. It is popular with all the ethnic minorities.
D. It is a chance for young people to make friends.
B
The first thing most of us do when working with people from a new culture is to learn about differences. And there are very sensible reasons to do so. It helps you avoid cultural misunder-standings. But focusing on differences alone can have its downsides. For one thing, there’s a likely chance you’ll be wrong. Focusing on differences can also be quite mentally taxing. So, if you don’t focus on differences, what then can you do to be more effective across cultures In our experience, an equally reasonable and highly effective alternative technique is to focus on similarities. And this change in perspective can have some pretty powerful effects.
If you think about it, this is probably exactly how you establish connections and relationships in your own culture. You don’t approach a person thinking about all the potential ways you could be different; instead, you naturally gravitate to similarities, finding things you might have in common to form the basis of a relationship. Although we tend to approach cross-cultural interactions quite differently, the same technique actually works just as well across cultures. When focused on similarities, you’re open to—and, in fact, looking for—a potential connection. Perhaps it’s a hobby you share in common with a coworker, or maybe both of you at a business meeting abroad have families you’re trying to connect with. By focusing on similarities you have the power to create connections and build relationships that either eliminate cultural differences or make them irrelevant.
Another advantage of this approach is that your coworkers are more likely to feel that you see them as an individual. On the other hand, focusing on similarities means you are suited to the particularities of the specific person you are interacting with. This is more likely to result in the other party feeling seen and heard for who they are, and can kick off a positive lift of mutual (相互的) openness and trust.
( )5. Why do people focus on differences in a multicultural company
A. To emphasise their own culture.
B. To reduce unnecessary troubles.
C. To take advantage of other culture.
D. To make the workplace multicultural.
( )6. What’s the significance of focusing on similarities in a multicultural company
A. The origin of the hobbies.
B. The start of work efficiency.
C. The foundation of connections.
D. The improvement of your family.
( )7. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Maintain. B. Strengthen.
C. Remove. D. Worsen.
( )8. Which is the advantage of focusing on similarities in the last paragraph
A. Making others feel valued.
B. Making yourself centred.
C. Indicating your interest.
D. Making others adapt to your culture.
Ⅴ. 语法填空
Not only is Canada a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, but 　1　 is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures.
There is great diversity in geography in Canada. To the east of the Pacific coast lie the grand Rocky Mountains, 　2　 are home to high peaks and deep valleys. One 　3　 (true) amazing scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water 　4　 (rush) over its edge. Besides its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centres reflect the diversity of its residents. It is thought that some of Canada’s earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge. The first Europeans also started 　5　 (settle) in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. About one out of five people in Canada’s population is foreign-born. Therefore, this ethnic variety 　6　 (bring) about cultural diversity. You can participate　7　 the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver. As you 　8　 (expose) to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space.
From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centres, Canada’s geographical 　9　 (wonder), ethnic groups and their cultures make it 　10　 unique place to live and visit.
1. 　　　　　　　　 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
夯基培优练(四)
(Reading for Writing)[P43]
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Growing up in a multicultural household is an experience that profoundly shapes a person’s identity. As a boy, my life is like a painting made with colours from German, Hungarian, and Argentine cultures. The unique mix of their languages, traditions, and customs blends (融合) together, shaping how I see the world.
I spoke four languages naturally: German and Hungarian with my parents, Spanish outside home, and later English. My parents survived World War Ⅱ and taught me their stories of hope through their languages. At school, we learnt different subjects in Spanish, German, and English. Though switching languages was easy for me, sometimes, it made me feel different. While friends had one main culture, I balanced many cultures, which made me feel like I belonged nowhere.
Our home traditions stood out. We ate dinner earlier than most Argentine families did. When friends stayed out very late as teenagers, I preferred going home earlier like my family. Music at home, in addition, was different too. Instead of Argentine tango or folk songs, we listened to German classical music and American pop. I connected more to these sounds from my parents’ childhoods.
Living with three cultures was hard at times. Even though I was born in Argentina, I didn’t always feel completely Argentine. My daily habits, traditions, and even how I thought about things felt more connected to my family’s European background. I wished I didn’t have to explain why my family did things differently. As I grew up, however, I learnt to love my background since it taught me to adapt, understand different views, and feel at home anywhere. If you have multiple cultures, don’t see them as an issue. It’s special! I have more homes, more traditions, and a wider view of the world. My background is a gift that makes me unique.
( )1. Why did the author feel that he belonged nowhere
A. He was influenced by a war.
B. He felt rootless among cultures.
C. He struggled with every language.
D. He lived a life of constant relocation.
( )2. How did the author’s family differ from typical Argentine families
A. They prioritised family over friends.
B. They followed an earlier dinner time.
C. They never gathered for meals outside.
D. They preferred folk music to classical music.
( )3. What did the author finally view his multicultural identity as
A. An experience of enriching his life.
B. An issue causing constant confusion.
C. A responsibility to carry on cultural traditions.
D. A source of regret for not being fully Argentine.
B
Cultural differences do exist, but we can really use them to tighten our relationship as human beings, because there is strength in diversity. We are going to expose some interesting cultural differences around the world. Learn about these cultures to help you travel out of your homeland!
In Greece, spitting (吐痰) at weddings is believed to drive away devils (恶魔) . Funny as it sounds, this cultural tradition is an important practice. What is more shocking, this spitting is focused on the bride. It is regarded as good luck to bless the couple. However, things have been changed in some parts of Greece these days. Wedding guests just face the bride and make sounds and impressions that show they are spitting on her—without actually spitting.
Everybody knows Thai people are so friendly, but their culture demands that you never point your feet at anyone or any statue, especially that of the Buddha. In addition, they also consider the head to be more important than other parts of the body. This is why it is disrespectful to touch another person’s head in Thailand. It is the same with statues. If you see the Buddha statue, avoid touching its head as well.
Russians are very hospitable. In their culture, food is a serious business. Lunch is the most important and heaviest meal. If you get invited by your Russian friend for a meal, don’t ever refuse it—they find it impolite. You might want to skip your own meals to leave space in your stomach for the food you will eat in Russian gatherings. This is a very interesting cultural difference between Russia and other nations.
With limited knowledge about cultures outside your own, you won’t be able to really connect with a foreigner. Know more about the cultural differences around the world and make your life easier.
( )4. Why do the Greek spit at weddings
A. To add fun to the wedding.
B. To drive away bad luck and bless the couple.
C. To celebrate the new wedding.
D. To express their dissatisfaction with the couple.
( )5. What should be avoided if you are in Thailand
A. Eating too much food for a meal.
B. Touching your head in your home.
C. Pointing your feet at the statue of the Buddha.
D. Refusing your friends’ invitations.
( )6. What does the underlined word “hospitable” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Famous. B. Welcoming.
C. Active. D. Clever.
( )7. What is the best title for the text
A. Beautiful Tourist Attractions in the World
B. The Most Delicious Food in Different Countries
C. Interesting Wedding Traditions in Asian Nations
D. Surprising Cultural Differences Around the World
Ⅱ. 书面表达
介绍少数民族
文体感知
导读:写介绍少数民族的文章可以从人口、居住地、政治、经济、文化、习俗等方面对之进行详尽的介绍,也可以从其中的某一个或某几个方面进行介绍,让读者对所介绍的少数民族有一个完整的认识。
注意:在写此类文章时,首先,要根据写作要求,确定写作的内容是某一个还是某几个方面;其次,如果是介绍多项内容,要合理安排介绍的顺序;最后,非常重要的一点是要确定时态。
【素材】
假定你是李华,你校的校报新开设了一个名为“Chinese Minorities”的栏目,现向全校学生征文。请你用英语写一篇短文,介绍一下中国少数民族之一的基诺(Jinuo)族,内容包括:
1. 人口:约26,000人;
2. 分布:云南省;
3. 经济:以农业为主;
4. 文化:(1)拥有丰富多彩的民族文化,尤其以民间音乐而闻名;(2)族人拥有精湛的刺绣艺术;
5. 发展:近30年来,基诺族人们的生活水平得到了很大的提高。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:刺绣embroidery
【审题谋篇】
体裁
话题
时态
人称
【词汇】
1. 拥有……人口
2. 少数民族
3. 种植;培育
4. 手织艺纺织品
【句式】
亮点句式
☆ With a population of…, the…ethnic minority is the second/third…largest ethnic minority of China.
☆ The…ethnic minority mainly live in…Province.
☆ The…people are good at…and they have mastered high technology to…
☆ Having lived in…for centuries, the…people have developed a complex culture.
☆ Most of their cultural characteristics are disappearing quickly.Now they only wear their national costumes on their main festivals.
☆ Relying on rich natural resources, the…people are mostly engaged in…for their livings.
☆ With the development of science and technology, the…people’s life has gained rapid progress since…
☆ The…ethnic minority has rich culture with tales and myths.
1. 完成句子
(1)基诺族主要居住在云南省,人口约26,000人。　
The Jinuo ethnic minority about 26,000. The Jinuo ethnic minority mainly Yunnan Province.
(2)基诺族人多以务农为生,种植茶叶和热带水果。
(非谓语动词作方式状语)
(3)基诺族因其多彩的文化而闻名,尤其以代代相传的民间音乐和刺绣工艺著称。
(同位语作补充说明)
(4)无论我们是一个多么大的家庭,我们仍然需要基诺族这个民族。
, we still need the member of the Jinuo ethnic minority.(however 引导的让步状语从句)
2. 句式升级
(1)用with的复合结构合并第1小题中的句(1)。
(2)用现在分词短语作状语连接下面两句话。
The Jinuo people rely on rich natural resources.
【妙笔成篇】
核心素养提升
(单元复习)[P46]
Ⅰ. 词语辨析
1. contain/include
contain 侧重于“整体内有”,指在某一范围或整体内容纳某物。另外,contain还含有“克制,抑制(感情)”之意。
include 侧重于“被包含”只是整体的一部分。including为介词,放在被包含的事物之前;included为形容词,放在被修饰的名词之后。
用contain和include的正确形式填空
(1)When she saw the envelope that many pictures of her personal life, the girl could no longer her anger and burst out abusing.
(2)He picked up an envelope 50 dollars in it, a 10-dollar note.
(3)Fresh fruit and vegetables plentiful vitamin C.
(4)Our six-city tour a visit to London.
(5)This atlas (地图集) 40 maps, that of Great Britain .
2. suit/match/fit
suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合、颜色、款式等。同时,suit还可作名词,表示“西装;套装”。
match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
fit 多指大小、形状的合适。
用suit、match和fit的正确形式填空
(1)A good teacher his lessons to the age of his pupils.
(2)She the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
(3)When it comes to talking about football, his favourite sport, with David, any time will him.
(4)The colour of this pair of shoes me very well, but it doesn’t me.
(5)It is really difficult for people to find a job, which is to them, but I was lucky to get one because the manager thought I was for the work. I went to buy a black to wear in the office. But when I arrived at the office, the manager said the colour didn’t me. How disappointed I was!(suit)
Ⅱ. 一句多译
1. 他突然想到第二天上午有一个重要的会议要参加。
(1)It to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.(occur)
(2)It him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
(3) to him was that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.(what引导的主语从句)
2. 这里全年气候温和,这意味着任何时候来参观都会是好天气。
(1)The climate here is mild all year round, it is always a good time to visit.(现在分词作状语)
(2)The climate here is mild all year round, it is always a good time to visit.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
3. 非洲的野生动物与亚洲的不同。
(1)The wildlife in Africa that in Asia.(diverse)
(2)The wildlife in Africa that in Asia.(different)
(3)The wildlife in Africa that in Asia.(differ)
Ⅲ. 语境检测
1. The teacher headed Mark’s desk and asked him to answer the question.
2. The medicine is (poison) if taken in larger quantities.
3. He made a d to introduce his plan about the project.
4. There is a need for greater (diverse) and choice in education.
5. A (fortune) is something unpleasant or unlucky that happens to someone.
6. Variety is the (spicy) of life which helps improve your studying.
7. A series of books about Lu Xun has already come .
8. Over half the population of this country participate sports.
9. Apart several parking tickets, the driver was also fined for speeding on the expressway, which was likely to contribute to his driving license being cancelled.
10. —Anything else to say for yourself
—Well, dear judge, I have never (seek) to hide my views.
11. Only a (minor) of the children are fond of doing housework while most of them enjoy playing games.
12. It’s confirmed the expressway will be extended to our town.
13. Before the race, he is fine.But a he is worn out.
14. A man (claim) to be a journalist threatened to reveal details about her private life.
15. They are reported (escape) to the other side of the border.
16. China is home giant pandas, which are one of the surviving ancient animals.
17. He began to cry as if (bite) by a snake.
18. She dived into her bag and brought out a (fold) piece of paper.
19. I was more than glad to be a into the key university after years of hard work.
20. A tall building was put up there used to be a desert.
21. He felt d proud when he knew his son got the first in the competition.
Ⅳ. 单元语法精练
1. We all know that, if not carefully (deal) with, the situation will get worse.
2. The child wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not .
3. Though (lack) money, he still bought a gift for his sister.
4. Little Jenny won’t take the bitter medicine even if made .
5. When (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
6. it not been for the free ticket, I would not have gone to the films so often.
7. I might be away for an important meeting next week.If , I won’t be able to attend your wedding ceremony.
8. —What were you trying to prove to the police
— I was last night.
9. Ask her if it is a convenient time. If , can she suggest another possible time
10. —Who should be responsible for the accident
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order as (tell).
11. —Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend
—I believe .
12. —What made you so upset
—Jim’s (leave) without saying goodbye.
Ⅴ. 语法填空
“Melting pot” means a place where people from many different ethnic groups or cultures form a united society. The idea comes from 　1　 (heat) metals in a container. When they melt, the metals unite and become 　2　 new and stronger. This term has been used to describe the United States as a nation created from people who came here from many different countries.
A Frenchman who was living in America expressed the idea more than 200 years ago. J. Hector de Crevecoeur 　3　 (publish) a book called Letters From an American Farmer in 1782. He wrote that America had people from many different countries. He said that they would become a new people 　4　 work would one day change the world.
For many years, Americans generally accept the idea 　5　 their country is a melting pot. They welcome immigrants from many nations. Yet some of those immigrants criticise the melting pot idea. They feel they are forced to lose their culture and language 　6　 (accept) in America. Other people also criticise the idea. They say the aim of the melting pot is to make different cultures disappear into the one 　7　 (represent) the largest group.
New groups of immigrants from Asia and Latin America are changing the United States today. Some are resisting learning American culture and language. Reports say some Americans fear that the nation is separating into many groups that have no 　8　 (share) purpose. Others say the melting pot is no longer changing the nation’s immigrants, but the immigrants are changing America.
Some experts who study immigration say they now compare American society 　9　 a salad bowl. A salad is made of many different foods. They each keep their own taste 　10　 being part of a successful product. In this way, cultural groups keep their customs and language and are still part of American society.
1. 　　　　 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.Unit 3　Diverse Cultures
夯基培优练(一)
(Listening & Speaking) [P33]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. The introduction 　to　 the book roughly talks about whether the introduction 　of　 independent taxation does good to local finances or not.
2. Remember those less 　fortunate　 (fortune) than you and get ready to lend them a helping hand.
3. All 　ethnic　 (ethnically) groups have the right to enjoy the freedom of religious belief.
4. He gave the same answer 　as　 before.
5. Our government has taken measures to bring 　down　 the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
6. When 　completed　 (complete), the cinema will be open next year.
7. They landed safely on the island in the Pacific. Everything went on better than 　expected　 (expect).
8. The football team made 　up　of the best players is sure to win the match.
9. The city is no longer 　what　 it used to be.
10. I come from Thailand and most Thai food is 　spicy　 (spice), but we also have normal food too.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
make a fortune　　　　 be home to
at least　 exist in
it is likely that　 around the world
seek out　 ethnic group
1. The park 　is home to　 bears, wolves and other wild animals.
2. How can we 　seek out　 a practical solution to settle the problem
3. The cultural features of different 　ethnic groups　 are in tune with one another and work out a melody.
4. Black clouds are gathering! 　It is likely that　 it is going to rain.
5. Besides 　making a fortune　, the firm may also enrich the world’s culture.
6. English is a language that many people may not speak perfectly but 　at least　 can understand.
7. A lie can travel half way 　around the world　 while the truth is putting on the shoes.
8. Maybe you’re dreaming me; maybe we only 　exist in　 each other’s dreams and every morning when we wake up we forget all about each other.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★fortune n. 机会;运气;命运;巨款 fortunate adj. 幸运的;交好运的;吉利的 misfortune n. 厄运;不幸;不幸的事故(或情况、事件)
【归纳拓展】
good fortune 好财运;好运;顺景
make a fortune 发财;赚大钱
seek one’s fortune 外出寻找发财机会;外出闯荡
reversal of fortune 命运的逆转
cost a fortune
花大价钱;价格很高;值一大笔钱
【即学即练】
(1)他们很幸运,车祸时没有受伤。
They had the 　good fortune　 to escape injury when their car crashed.
(2)这片地区的公寓值一大笔钱。
Flats in this area 　cost a fortune　.
(3)许多年轻的毕业生选择到大城市闯荡,希望找到更好的机会。
Many young graduates choose to 　seek their fortune　 in big cities, hoping to find better opportunities.
(4)公司采用新策略后命运发生了逆转。
The company 　had a reversal of fortune　 after the new strategy.
(5)他开矿发了大财。
He 　had made a fortune　 from mining.
2. mix vi.& vt. (使)混合;掺和;融合 n. 混合;混杂;结合;混合物 mixed adj. 混合的;混杂的 mixture n. 混合;结合体;混合物
【归纳拓展】
mix A with B 将A与B混合
mix well 混合均匀;相处融洽
mix in 混合;融入;加入
a mixture of… ……的混合物
mixed feelings 复杂的心情
mix up 混淆;弄乱
【即学即练】
(1)她把面粉和糖混合在一起做蛋糕。
She 　mixed flour with sugar　 to make the cake.
(2)这个社区里不同文化的人相处得很融洽。
People from different cultures 　mix well　 in this community.
(3)他的演讲是幽默与严肃的混合体。
His speech was 　a mixture of humour and seriousness　.
(4)我不小心把盐和糖弄混了。
I accidentally 　mixed up the salt and the sugar　.
(5)他对这个决定感到心情复杂,既期待又担忧。
He 　had mixed feelings about　 the decision, both excited and worried.
(6)新同学很快就融入了班级。
The new student quickly 　mixed in　with the class.
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Traditional Chinese entertainment is lively and deeply rooted in the country’s rich cultural heritage. Here are four iconic acts that continue to thrill audiences worldwide:
Lion Dance: The lion dance dates back at least 2,000 years to the Han Dynasty, featuring two performers in a brightly coloured lion costume, symbolising power, wisdom, and good fortune. It is a staple at celebrations like Chinese New Year, weddings, and corporate events, often used to honour special guests.
Dragon Dance: Dating back to 180—230 AD, this performance involves 2 to 50 dancers parading a colourful dragon, sometimes up to 70 metres long. Accompanied by drums, cymbals, and gongs, the dragon symbolises luck, dignity, and power. It is said that the dragon is tied to Yandi, a mythical tribal leader, making it a significant cultural symbol.
Chinese Drumming: A high-impact stage show, Chinese drumming features large, ornate drums played by musicians in colourful costumes. With roots dating back nearly 4,000 years, drumming was historically used in celebrations and battles. Today, it remains a favourite at weddings, festivals, and national events.
Face-Changing (Bian Lian): An amazing act from Sichuan Opera, face-changing involves performers swiftly changing masks with a wave of the hand or fan. It is believed to date back 300 years. They say that the art form developed from a survival technique. People painted colourful designs on their faces to frighten wild animals.
Our top four traditional Chinese acts are just the beginning. There are many more cultural performances to explore, such as oriental dance, martial arts, Chinese opera, and music. We work with artists worldwide to bring these traditions to life. Whether you need entertainment for Chinese New Year, a cultural event, or creative inspiration, contact us today to discover exciting options that we offer to meet your needs.
(　C　)1. Which performance has the longest history according to the text
A. Lion Dance.
B. Dragon Dance.
C. Chinese Drumming.
D. Face-Changing.
(　A　)2. What is special about the Face-Changing (Bian Lian) performance
A. It used to be a survival technique.
B. It is performed to honour special guests.
C. It is traditionally taught only to women.
D. It symbolises luck, wisdom, and power.
(　C　)3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To explore traditional Chinese culture.
B. To bring Chinese traditions back to life.
C. To advertise the cultural event planning.
D. To compare differences among these acts.
语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种标志性的中国传统表演艺术及其文化意义。
1. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据Lion Dance:部分中的“The lion dance dates back at least 2,000 years to the Han Dynasty…”;Dragon Dance:部分中的“Dating back to 180—230 AD…”;Chinese Drumming:部分中的“With roots dating back nearly 4,000 years…”及Face-Changing (Bian Lian):部分中的“It is believed to date back 300 years.”可知,中国鼓乐的历史最长。
2. A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据Face-Changing (Bian Lian):部分中的“It is believed to date back 300 years. They say that the art form developed from a survival technique.”可知,变脸表演的特别之处在于它曾经是一种生存技巧。
3. C　【解析】 写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“Whether you need entertainment for Chinese New Year, a cultural event, or creative inspiration, contact us today to discover exciting options that we offer to meet your needs.”及全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了四种标志性的中国传统表演艺术及其文化意义,作者写这篇文章的目的是为文化活动策划做广告。
B
As part of your trip to Australia, you must make sure you experience some Aboriginal culture. Before the British and European settlers arrived in Australia, the only residents were the Aboriginal.
European settlers brought Old World diseases which the Aboriginal could not cope with, so many people died. To make matters worse, they weren’t given any rights to the land and they were pushed out to make way for the Europeans. Nowadays, the Aboriginal account for just three percent of the Australian population, and many suffer from alcohol and health problems. But there are pockets within Australia where you can still see their old values and traditions. These are key places to learn more about Aboriginal culture and beliefs.
The Aboriginal culture is complex with many beliefs and hidden layers to explore. Music and art are the most well-known aspects. Did you know that the didgeridoo is only used by those from the East. Rock art is the oldest form of Aboriginal art and can be found in places such as Uluru and Kakadu National Park as these are sacred Aboriginal lands. It is the dot paintings (点画) that are particularly popular with tourists and these are generally easy to find throughout Australia.
There are lots of places you can go to learn about the Aboriginal culture. Arnhem Land, which is near Darwin in the top-end of Australia, is the best place to go. A number of tourists are restricted to this sacred area so you can guarantee a less touristy approach. You do get to appreciate the real culture and see real Aboriginal dot paintings and handiwork. You can easily include a day trip here as part of your trip to Darwin. Remember that this area has defined seasons so only come here between May and October.
(　B　)4. According to the first paragraph, the Aboriginal are .
A. settlers from the Europe
B. people native to Australia
C. travelers round the world
D. people interested in culture
(　D　)5. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Most of the Aboriginal lead a simple but healthy life.
B. The Aboriginal is the majority of Australian population.
C. European settlers pushed the Aboriginal to open up wasteland.
D. The Aboriginal culture is passed down within small areas.
(　C　)6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A. Rock art witnessed the history of Australia.
B. The Aboriginal had close links with the East.
C. Tourists take an interest in the Aboriginal culture.
D. Music and art are more popular than dot paintings.
(　B　)7. Why does the author recommend a trip to Arnhem Land
A. The Aboriginal culture is rooted there.
B. The Aboriginal culture is well preserved there.
C. Arnhem Land is available throughout the year.
D. Many tourists speak highly of the trip there.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚土著居民的历史遭遇、文化特点及推荐的文化体验地,旨在让读者了解澳大利亚土著文化的现状与独特魅力。
4. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before the British and European settlers arrived in Australia, the only residents were the Aboriginal.”可知,在英国和欧洲殖民者抵达澳大利亚之前,唯一的居民是澳大利亚土著居民,说明其是澳大利亚的本土居民。
5. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But there are pockets within Australia where you can still see their old values and traditions. These are key places to learn more about Aboriginal culture and beliefs.”可知,澳大利亚境内仍有一些小区域保留着澳大利亚土著居民的古老价值观和传统,这些地方是了解其文化和信仰的关键地点。这表明澳大利亚土著文化在小范围内传承。
6. C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It is the dot paintings (点画) that are particularly popular with tourists and these are generally easy to find throughout Australia.”可知,点画在游客中特别受欢迎且在澳大利亚各地容易找到。由此推知,游客对原住民文化感兴趣。
7. B　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Arnhem Land, which is near Darwin in the top-end of Australia…A number of tourists are restricted to this sacred area so you can guarantee a less touristy approach. You do get to appreciate the real culture and see real Aboriginal dot paintings and handiwork.”可知,阿纳姆地是神圣区域,游客数量受限,能让人欣赏到真正的澳大利亚土著居民文化。由此推知,该地的澳大利亚土著文化保存良好。
夯基培优练(二)
(Reading & Thinking)[P36]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Many researchers c　laim　 that left-handedness has something to do with physical and mental features.
2. While most of the world’s population is right-handed, a 　minority　 (minor) are left-handed.
3. Whoever breaks the law won’t e　scape　 from punishment.
4. When he returned from his successful climb of Mount Qomolangma, Andrew finished his travel 　journal　 (journalist) and gave it to the newspaper.
5. Apart 　from　 economic, political and cultural differences, there are still some other differences between the two countries.
6. The company and the effect that it brought 　about　 did great good to our business in western countries.
7. The young man, who by then had gained 　admission　 (admit) to a university, decided to do some part-time jobs to gain more practical experience.
8. Nowadays, 　selecting　 (select) a good place for the camp is not quite easy.
9. Tom prefers to live in the d　owntown　, which enables him to lead a life with comfort and ease.
10. He 　sought　 (seek) his doctor’s advice, but the doctor didn’t give him anything useful.
11. Jack put his heart into the wildlife research and finally, his effort 　earned　 (earn) him great success and fame.
12. If you say that you have a m　ission　, you mean that you have a strong commitment and sense of duty to do or achieve something.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
a series of　　　　 feel good (to do/doing)
a mix of… do a good job of
earn a living offer a great view of…
head for seek one’s fortune
1. After 　a series of　 unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed the driving test.
2. The café on the hilltop 　offers a great view of　 the entire valley, making it a popular spot for tourists.
3. Although she studied art, she now 　does a good job of　 managing a tech company and leads an innovative team.
4. The small town is known for 　a mix of　 traditional crafts and modern art, attracting creative minds from all over.
5. It was not long before they left their village to 　seek their fortune　 in the south.
6. It 　feels good　 volunteering at the animal shelter every weekend because I know I’m making a difference.
7. I’m 　heading for　 the airport! My flight to Paris leaves in two hours.
8. Despite his disability, he 　earns a living　 by painting stunning landscapes that sell worldwide.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★admit vi.& vt. 承认 vt. 准许进入(或加入) admission n. (机构、组织等的)准许加入;加入权;进入权;(尤指对过错、罪行的)承认;招认;招供;入场费;门票费 admittance n. 准许进入;进入权 admittedly adv. (尤用于句首)诚然;无可否认
【归纳拓展】
admit doing sth 承认做过某事
admit to (a crime/mistake) 承认(罪行/错误)
admit sb into…
准许某人进入……;允许某人加入……
be admitted to hospital 被送入医院
gain admission to…
获得进入……的许可;被……录取/接纳
admit defeat 认输
admit the truth 承认真相
admit responsibility 承担责任
【即学即练】
(1)他最终承认偷了钱包。
He finally 　admitted stealing the wallet　.
(2)俱乐部允许会员参加其独家活动。
The club 　admits members into　 its exclusive events.
(3)诚然,这个方案并非完美,但已是当前最佳选择。
　Admittedly　, the plan isn’t perfect, but it’s the best option now.
(4)未经许可不得进入实验室。
　No admittance to　 the lab without permission.
(5)他拒绝为自己的错误承担责任。
He refused to 　admit responsibility for　 his mistake.
(6)她未能被自己选择的大学录取。
She failed to 　gained admission to　 the university of her choice.
2. ★seek vt.& vi. (sought, sought) 寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求 seeker n. 寻找者;寻求者;追求者;谋求者 sought-after adj. (因稀有或质优而) 受欢迎的;吃香的;抢手的
【归纳拓展】
seek to do sth 试图做某事
seek out 寻找;找出
be sought-after 备受追捧
seek advice/refuge/employment/permission/justice/solutions 寻求建议/寻求庇护/找工作/请求许可/追求正义/寻求解决方法
【即学即练】
(1)他们正在寻求解决环境问题的方法。
They 　are seeking solutions to　 environmental issues.
(2)这款限量版球鞋非常抢手。
This limited-edition sneaker 　is highly sought-after　.
(3)她试图隐藏自己的真实感受。
She 　sought to hide　 her true feelings.
(4)许多移民工人来此寻求更好的生活。
Many immigrants workers come here to 　seek a better life　.　
(5)求职者应提前研究公司背景。
　Job seekers　 should research the company background beforehand.
(6)探险队深入丛林寻找稀有植物。
The expedition 　sought out rare plants　 deep in the jungle.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
原句:And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
点睛:what引导的感叹句通常有以下两种结构:“What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或“What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语”。在口语中,主语和谓语常常省略。
【即学即练】
1. 多么鼓舞人心的故事——一位残疾人登顶珠峰!
　What an inspiring story　—a disabled climber reaching the summit of Mount Everest!
2. 真是天才之作——这部小说同时获得了诺贝尔文学奖和普利策奖!
　What a genius creation　—a novel that won both the Nobel Prize in Literature and the Pulitzer!
Ⅴ. 完形填空
While her French classmate ate salads, Li Mei took out a package of steamed rice. When she transferred to a high school in Paris, her lunch became a daily 　1　. One Monday, one boy Pierre pointed at her lunch and whispered, “That looks 　2　!” Li Mei flushed, quietly avoiding the cafeteria.
Everything 　3　 when her history teacher, Mr Dupont, 　4　 a project “Food & Culture Week”. Each student was to 　5　 a traditional dish and present its cultural significance. Li Mei 　6　 would anyone care about Chinese food here Eventually, she decided on jianbing, a flavour from her hometown.
On presentation day, she 　7　 the materials with trembling hands. To her surprise, Pierre volunteered to help cook. As they spread the batter (面糊), he 　8　 “I made fun of your food at first, but now I see it’s part of your 　9　.” When the crispy jianbing was served, classmate crowded around, asking questions about Chinese New Year traditions.
The event made everyone 　10　. Students who once 　11　 her now greeted her warmly. A girl named Sophie even proposed 　12　 a French-Chinese cook book together for the school fair and suggested including family dishes passed down through generations.
On the final day, 　13　 filled a book titled Bites Beyond Borders. Holding it, Li Mei realised that cultural gaps weren’t about walls but doors—waiting to be unlocked. A simple 　14　 had taught her more about belonging than any textbook.
“Food is the 　15　 foreign policy,” Mr Dupont said, biting into a red bean croissant.
(　B　)1. A. adventure B. struggle
C. routine D. necessity
(　C　)2. A. messy B. ordinary
C. strange D. special
(　D　)3. A. mattered B. worked
C. rested D. changed
(　D　)4. A. praised B. postponed
C. concluded D. launched
(　C　)5. A. purchase B. review
C. prepare D. receive
(　B　)6. A. joked B. hesitated
C. insisted D. protested
(　A　)7. A. laid out B. held back
C. heated up D. gave away
(　C　)8. A. argued B. denied
C. admitted D. added
(　A　)9. A. identity B. interest
C. personality D. quality
(　D　)10. A. freed B. relaxed
C. amused D. connected
(　B　)11. A. betrayed B. overlooked
C. envied D. misled
(　B　)12. A. borrowing B. authoring
C. promoting D. sponsoring
(　C　)13. A. stories B. photos
C. recipes D. quotes
(　D　)14. A. game B. question
C. gift D. lunch
(　A　)15. A. tastiest B. heaviest
C. oldest D. fastest
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国女孩李梅在法国上学时,通过介绍家乡美食煎饼,成功拉近了与同学们的距离,打破了文化隔阂的故事。
1. B　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“Li Mei flushed, quietly avoiding the cafeteria.”可知,李梅的午餐在同学眼里很奇怪,这让她很尴尬,所以吃午饭成了挣扎的事情。
2. C　【解析】 考查形容词。根据空格后的“Li Mei flushed, quietly avoiding the cafeteria.”可知,李梅避开食堂是因为她的午餐在同学眼里很奇怪。
3. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“The event made everyone 　10　. Students who once 　11　 her now greeted her warmly.”可知,李梅因午餐被嘲笑,结合下文她在项目中的经历和变化可知,此处指事情发生了改变。
4. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Each student was to 　5　 a traditional dish and present its cultural significance.”可知,这是历史老师发起的一个项目。
5. C　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Eventually, she decided on jianbing, a flavour from her hometown.”可知,每个学生都要准备一道传统菜肴。
6. B　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“would anyone care about Chinese food here”可知,李梅不确定同学是否对中国菜感兴趣,所以犹豫了。
7. A　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据空格后的“with trembling hands”可知,她用颤抖的手摆好材料。
8. C　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“‘I made fun of your food at first, but now I see it’s part of your 　9　.’”可知,此处指Pierre承认一开始他取笑了李梅的食物。
9. A　【解析】 考查名词。根据空格后的“When the crispy jianbing was served, classmate crowded around, asking questions about Chinese New Year traditions.”可知,同学们通过食物了解中国新年的传统,所以Pierre说食物是李梅身份的一部分。
10. D　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“Students who once 　11　 her now greeted her warmly.”可知,通过这次活动,同学们对李梅更加了解了,也联系在了一起。
11. B　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“now greeted her warmly”并结合上文语境可知,同学们之前嘲笑李梅的食物,现在热情地和她打招呼。由此推知,同学们曾忽视李梅。
12. B　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“a French-Chinese cook book together for the school fair”可知,此处指一起撰写食谱。
13. C　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“…suggested including family dishes passed down through generations”可知,书里面收录了代代相传的家庭特色菜肴,此处指这本书里写满了食谱。
14. D　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文语境可知,本文一系列故事围绕李梅的午餐展开,此处指一顿简单的午餐教会了她关于归属感的知识。
15. A　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文语境可知,李梅通过食物促进了文化交流,让同学们之间的关系更融洽。由此可知,食物是最美味的外交政策。
Ⅵ. 阅读七选五
Children’s Games in Ancient China
Unlike the children nowadays, the children during ancient times didn’t have smartphones or computers to entertain themselves. 　1　 Let’s take a look.
Fly kites.
Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. 　2　 For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.
Play hide-and-seek.
Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. Even nowadays, many children like playing it. There are two ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease (戏弄) him. 　3　
　4　
The closest thing to watching a film or television for entertainment during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. Folk artists manipulate puppets behind the screen, narrating stories and accompanied by music.
Set off firecrackers (鞭炮).
Firecrackers have a history of more than 2,000 years. It is said that there was a beast (野兽) named Nian in ancient China. 　5　 After gunpowder was invented, it gradually replaced the bamboo joint cracker. Crackers are still set off during the Spring Festival to symbolise auspiciousness (吉祥).
A. Watch shadow plays.
B. Each of them has special features.
C. Different materials are used to make the kite.
D. Shadow plays were the popular entertaining form in ancient times.
E. More commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.
F. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood.
G. And to scare off the beast, people burnt bamboo joints to make them blast.
1. 　F　　2. 　B　　3. 　E　 4. 　A　　5. 　G　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种中国古代儿童玩的游戏。
1. F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“Unlike the children nowadays, the children during ancient times didn’t have smartphones or computers to entertain themselves.”及下文中的“Let’s take a look.”可知,空格处会提到古代儿童想出了一些游戏,选项F“相反,他们在童年想出了有趣的游戏玩” 承上启下。
2. B　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.”可知,空格处会说明各地的风筝都有其特点,选项B “它们都有各自的特点” 符合语境。
3. E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“There are two ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease (戏弄) him.”可知,空格处会提到另一种玩法,选项E “更常见的情况是,参与者躲起来,一个孩子必须设法找到他们”符合语境。
4. A　【解析】 考查段落大意。根据下文可知,本段主要讲述了在古代与看电影或电视最接近的娱乐方式就是看皮影戏,民间艺人在幕后操纵木偶讲故事并且配以音乐,选项A“看皮影戏”能概括本段段落大意。
5. G　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“After gunpowder was invented, it gradually replaced the bamboo joint cracker.”可知,空格处会提到人们燃放竹节的情况,选项G “为了吓跑这头野兽,人们点燃竹节使其发出爆炸声”符合语境。
夯基培优练(三)
(Discovering Useful Structures, Listening & Talking)[P39]
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. All the visitors kept silent when they paid a visit to the 　historical　 (history) scene.
2. In Africa you must be careful of snakes because some of them are 　poisonous　 (poison).
3. He f　olded　 up his umbrella as he entered the room.
4. This incident led to the breakout of the global 　financial　 (finance) crisis.
5. The workers 　are constructing　 the bridge damaged by the flood at present, and the bridge under 　construction　 connects the road with town.(construct)
6. Yuan Longping grows what is called s　uper　 hybrid rice.
7. The publishing house just brought out several selections from Chinese 　poetry　 (poet), which became the bestseller last month.
8. Two years ago he published a 　collection　 (collect) of short stories called Facing the Music.
9. 　If　 possible, I will help you with your work.
10. While there are many strict occupational disciplines in home health care system, by far the largest p　ercentage　 of employment is found with the aide (助理) position.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
cultural diversity　　　　　 check out
leave out　 take out
the percentage of a mix of
1. When you are 　checking out　, I will appreciate it if you pay in cash.
2. Before leaving for the trip, the old lady 　took out　 her passport and travel documents to make sure everything was ready.
3. 　The percentage of　 people who prefer online shopping is growing.
4. In a globalised world, 　cultural diversity　 is essential for fostering mutual understanding and respect among different nations.
5. She 　left out　 an important detail in her account, which put her in a terrible situation.
6. I like this course because it’s 　a mix of　 history, religious studies and current events.
Ⅲ. 语法突破——省略
　　在英语中,省略现象主要分为以下三种情况:
1. 句子成分的省略。包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语的省略与主谓结构和主系结构的省略。如:
(1)Some clerks are hard-working, but some are not (hard-working).
有些职员很勤奋,但有些职员不(勤奋)。
(2)I spent part of the money, and I gave the rest (of the money) to that poor child.
我花了一部分钱,剩下的(钱)我给了那个可怜的孩子。
(3)(Are you) Tired of all that fat (Do you) Want to lose weight
(你)吃厌了油腻的东西了吗 (你)想减肥吗
2. 特殊结构的省略。包括if only 句式中的省略与含possible、necessary、so 结构的省略, 以及一些固定用法。如:
(1)If only I had studied harder.
要是我以前更加努力地学习就好了。
(2)When necessary (=when it is necessary), we will take on more workers.
必要的时候,我们会多雇几个工人。
(3)What about having a game of chess
下盘棋怎么样
3. 不定式结构中的省略。如果不定式中含有be、have 和have been 时,通常将其保留,而把其余部分省略。如:
—Are you a college student 你是大学生吗
—No, but I used to be (a college student). 不,但我曾经是(一名大学生)。
【即学即练】
1. 将下列句子补充完整,省略部分用括号表示
(1)Haven’t seen you for ages.
　(I) Haven’t seen you for ages.　
(2)Some more tea
　(Would you like) Some more tea 　
(3)Sounds like a good idea.
　(It/That) Sounds like a good idea.　
(4)Doesn’t matter.
　(It) Doesn’t matter.　
(5)Sorry to hear that.
　(I’m) Sorry to hear that.　
(6)Pity you couldn’t come.
　(It’s a) Pity you couldn’t come.　
(7)This way, please.
　(Step/Come) This way, please.　
(8)Terrible weather!
　(What) Terrible weather (it is)!　
(9)Joining us for a drink
　(Are you) Joining us for a drink 　
(10)Going to the supermarket
　(Are you) Going to the supermarket 　
2. 用适当的省略形式完成句子
(1)—Tomorrow is a holiday. Why are you doing your homework
—I am doing these exercises now so that I won’t have 　to　 on Sunday.
(2)—Shall I invite Ann to my birthday party tomorrow evening 　
—Yes. It’ll be fine if you 　do　.
(3)—Aren’t you the manager
—No, and I don’t want to 　be　.
(4)—I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat
—Not at all. I’d be glad 　to　.
(5)—I won’t do it any more.
—Why 　not　
(6)When first 　introduced　 (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
(7)It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when 　questioned　 (question) at the meeting by my boss.
(8)I’m looking forward as much to her return as she herself to 　seeing　 (see) me.
(9)Who can you turn to in time of danger, if not 　us　 (we)
(10)—She may be free today.
—If 　not　, we’ll have to put the meeting off.　
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Situated in Huaxi District, Guiyang, Zhenshan Ethnic Culture Village is a world of stone, where many things like door frames and roads are made of stone. Buyi men and women in their best clothes sing and dance at the village entrance as they greet visitors and invite them to join the villagers in making cake flour with rice.
The village was first built during the Ming Dynasty, with a history of more than 400 years. Three sides of the village are surrounded by water. It is built against the mountains according to the local geological conditions.
There are about 120 families and three fourths of them are Buyi people and one fourth are Miao people. On 10 January every lunar year, the villagers hold traditional dancing activities to celebrate the New Year. Buyi and Miao villagers in their best costumes sing and dance to the melodies from the Lusheng (芦笙) and the bamboo flutes to celebrate their own traditional festival. Legends said once some robbers captured the Buyi forefather in the village. The villagers failed to rescue him by themselves and asked the local Miao people for help. The Miao people played the Lusheng and sang Miao songs to communicate with him and the robbers couldn’t understand them. With the help of the Miao people, the forefather was rescued. Since then, the local Buyi people have formed the custom of singing and dancing to appreciate the help from the Miao. People sing and dance for three days for the festival each year.
Besides this, Zhenshan villagers also celebrate the traditional “Siyueba” Festival (8 April Festival) and the “Qiyueban” Festival (the Ghost Festival). Now, these festivals have become joyous days celebrated by Miao, Buyi, Dong, Zhuang, Shui, Gelao, and even the Han people.
In Zhenshan, some young people take advantage of the festivals to make friends and choose their future husbands or wives. Girls usually make embroideries (刺绣) and give them as gifts to their lovers.
(　D　)1. We can infer the village is called “a world of stone” mainly because .
A. the villagers are very cold
B. the villagers are very strong
C. the village is built on a large stone
D. the village is in mountains and rich in stones
(　C　)2. Which of the following is NOT a way of greeting visitors
A. Dressing up.
B. Dancing and singing.
C. Preparing embroideries.
D. Inviting them to make cake flour.
(　A　)3. The Miao people played the Lusheng and sang Miao songs at first to .
A. stop the robbers understanding them
B. show the robbers their power
C. challenge the Buyi people
D. please the robbers
(　D　)4. What can we learn about the “Siyueba” Festival
A. It is a newly-formed festival.
B. It is only celebrated in Zhenshan Village.
C. It is popular with all the ethnic minorities.
D. It is a chance for young people to make friends.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个少数民族文化村——镇山民族文化村所拥有的独特的风俗文化。
1. D　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“…is a world of stone, where many things like door frames and roads are made of stone”及第二段中的“It is built against the mountains…”可知,这是一个依山而建的村子,石头资源丰富。
2. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“…in their best clothes sing and dance at the village entrance…and invite them to join the villagers in making cake flour with rice”及最后一段中的“Girls usually make embroideries (刺绣) and give them as gifts to their lovers.”可知,欢迎游客的活动不包括准备刺绣作品。
3. A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Miao people played the Lusheng and sang Miao songs to communicate with him and the robbers couldn’t understand them.”可知,起初苗族人吹奏芦笙并唱苗歌是为了防止强盗理解他们想传递的信息。
4. D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In Zhenshan, some young people take advantage of the festivals to make friends…”可知,“四月八”节是年轻人结交朋友的好机会。
B
The first thing most of us do when working with people from a new culture is to learn about differences. And there are very sensible reasons to do so. It helps you avoid cultural misunder-standings. But focusing on differences alone can have its downsides. For one thing, there’s a likely chance you’ll be wrong. Focusing on differences can also be quite mentally taxing. So, if you don’t focus on differences, what then can you do to be more effective across cultures In our experience, an equally reasonable and highly effective alternative technique is to focus on similarities. And this change in perspective can have some pretty powerful effects.
If you think about it, this is probably exactly how you establish connections and relationships in your own culture. You don’t approach a person thinking about all the potential ways you could be different; instead, you naturally gravitate to similarities, finding things you might have in common to form the basis of a relationship. Although we tend to approach cross-cultural interactions quite differently, the same technique actually works just as well across cultures. When focused on similarities, you’re open to—and, in fact, looking for—a potential connection. Perhaps it’s a hobby you share in common with a coworker, or maybe both of you at a business meeting abroad have families you’re trying to connect with. By focusing on similarities you have the power to create connections and build relationships that either eliminate cultural differences or make them irrelevant.
Another advantage of this approach is that your coworkers are more likely to feel that you see them as an individual. On the other hand, focusing on similarities means you are suited to the particularities of the specific person you are interacting with. This is more likely to result in the other party feeling seen and heard for who they are, and can kick off a positive lift of mutual (相互的) openness and trust.
(　B　)5. Why do people focus on differences in a multicultural company
A. To emphasise their own culture.
B. To reduce unnecessary troubles.
C. To take advantage of other culture.
D. To make the workplace multicultural.
(　C　)6. What’s the significance of focusing on similarities in a multicultural company
A. The origin of the hobbies.
B. The start of work efficiency.
C. The foundation of connections.
D. The improvement of your family.
(　C　)7. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Maintain. B. Strengthen.
C. Remove. D. Worsen.
(　A　)8. Which is the advantage of focusing on similarities in the last paragraph
A. Making others feel valued.
B. Making yourself centred.
C. Indicating your interest.
D. Making others adapt to your culture.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在多文化公司中,人们应该更多地关注相似之处而不是差异。
5. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The first thing most of us do when working with people from a new culture is to learn about differences. And there are very sensible reasons to do so. It helps you avoid cultural misunderstandings.”可知,在多元文化公司中,人们关注差异是为了减少不必要的麻烦。
6. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“You don’t approach a person thinking about all the potential ways you could be different; instead, you naturally gravitate to similarities, finding things you might have in common to form the basis of a relationship.”可知,在多元文化公司中关注相似性是建立联系的基础。
7. C　【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段落可知,通过关注相似性,你有能力创造联系并建立关系,从而消除文化差异或使它们变得无关紧要。由此可知,eliminate意为“消除”,与remove意思相近。
8. A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Another advantage of this approach is that your coworkers are more likely to feel that you see them as an individual.”可知,关注相似性的优势是让别人感到被重视。
Ⅴ. 语法填空
Not only is Canada a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, but 　1　 is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures.
There is great diversity in geography in Canada. To the east of the Pacific coast lie the grand Rocky Mountains, 　2　 are home to high peaks and deep valleys. One 　3　 (true) amazing scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water 　4　 (rush) over its edge. Besides its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centres reflect the diversity of its residents. It is thought that some of Canada’s earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge. The first Europeans also started 　5　 (settle) in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. About one out of five people in Canada’s population is foreign-born. Therefore, this ethnic variety 　6　 (bring) about cultural diversity. You can participate　7　 the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver. As you 　8　 (expose) to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space.
From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centres, Canada’s geographical 　9　 (wonder), ethnic groups and their cultures make it 　10　 unique place to live and visit.
1. 　it　　　　　　　　　 2. 　which　
3. 　truly 4. 　rushing　
5. 　to settle/settling 6. 　brings　
7. 　in 8. 　are exposed　
9. 　wonders 10. 　a　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大的地理多样性、民族多样性和文化多样性。
1. it　【解析】 考查代词。句意:加拿大不仅是一个从大西洋延伸到太平洋的广阔而美丽的国家,而且它也是世界上种族构成最多元化的国家之一,拥有独特的文化。空格处应用it指代前面的Canada。
2. which　【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中充当主语;先行词为Rocky Mountains,指物,应使用关系代词which。
3. truly　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰形容词amazing,应使用副词形式truly作状语。
4. rushing　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为is,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;此处为with的复合结构,rush和water构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。
5. to settle/settling　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为started,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;settle和The first Europeans构成逻辑上的主谓关系,空格处应使用动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补足语;start to do/doing sth意为“开始做某事”,为固定搭配。
6. brings　【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时;又因主语this ethnic variety表达单数概念,动词应用单数形式,故填brings。
7. in　【解析】 考查介词。句意:你可以参加中国新年的庆祝活动,或者你可以在温哥华的孙中山古典中国花园里品茶。participate in意为“参加”,为固定短语。
8. are exposed　【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据上文可知,此处应用一般现在时;分析句子结构可知,动词和主语构成动宾关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;又因主语为you,be动词应用are,故填are exposed。
9. wonders　【解析】 考查名词单复数。根据下文中的“ethnic groups and their cultures”可知,and此处表示并列,空格处表示复数概念,且wonder为可数名词,应使用单词的复数形式。
10. a　【解析】 考查冠词。句意:从高耸的山峰到森林深处,再到城市中心,加拿大的地理奇观、民族和文化使它成为一个独特的居住和旅游之地。place是可数名词的单数形式,表泛指,空格处应使用不定冠词;又因unique发音以辅音音素开头,空格处应使用a。
夯基培优练(四)
(Reading for Writing)[P43]
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Growing up in a multicultural household is an experience that profoundly shapes a person’s identity. As a boy, my life is like a painting made with colours from German, Hungarian, and Argentine cultures. The unique mix of their languages, traditions, and customs blends (融合) together, shaping how I see the world.
I spoke four languages naturally: German and Hungarian with my parents, Spanish outside home, and later English. My parents survived World War Ⅱ and taught me their stories of hope through their languages. At school, we learnt different subjects in Spanish, German, and English. Though switching languages was easy for me, sometimes, it made me feel different. While friends had one main culture, I balanced many cultures, which made me feel like I belonged nowhere.
Our home traditions stood out. We ate dinner earlier than most Argentine families did. When friends stayed out very late as teenagers, I preferred going home earlier like my family. Music at home, in addition, was different too. Instead of Argentine tango or folk songs, we listened to German classical music and American pop. I connected more to these sounds from my parents’ childhoods.
Living with three cultures was hard at times. Even though I was born in Argentina, I didn’t always feel completely Argentine. My daily habits, traditions, and even how I thought about things felt more connected to my family’s European background. I wished I didn’t have to explain why my family did things differently. As I grew up, however, I learnt to love my background since it taught me to adapt, understand different views, and feel at home anywhere. If you have multiple cultures, don’t see them as an issue. It’s special! I have more homes, more traditions, and a wider view of the world. My background is a gift that makes me unique.
(　B　)1. Why did the author feel that he belonged nowhere
A. He was influenced by a war.
B. He felt rootless among cultures.
C. He struggled with every language.
D. He lived a life of constant relocation.
(　B　)2. How did the author’s family differ from typical Argentine families
A. They prioritised family over friends.
B. They followed an earlier dinner time.
C. They never gathered for meals outside.
D. They preferred folk music to classical music.
(　A　)3. What did the author finally view his multicultural identity as
A. An experience of enriching his life.
B. An issue causing constant confusion.
C. A responsibility to carry on cultural traditions.
D. A source of regret for not being fully Argentine.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者生活在一个多元文化的家庭里,从最初的没有文化归属感到最后接受了自己的多元文化身份的经历。
1. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Though switching languages was easy for me, sometimes, it made me feel different. While friends had one main culture, I balanced many cultures, which made me feel like I belonged nowhere.”可知,作者生活在许多文化中,没有文化的归属感,这让他觉得自己不属于任何地方。
2. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We ate dinner earlier than most Argentine families did.”可知,作者的家庭吃晚饭的时间比大多数阿根廷家庭早。由此可知,作者的家庭与典型的阿根廷家庭的不同之处在于他们遵循了更早的晚餐时间。
3. A　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If you have multiple cultures, don’t see them as an issue. It’s special! I have more homes, more traditions, and a wider view of the world. My background is a gift that makes me unique.”可知,作者认为多元文化让他体验了更多的传统,拥有更广阔的世界观,丰富了生活的经历。由此可知,作者最终认为他的多元文化身份是一种丰富人生的经历。
B
Cultural differences do exist, but we can really use them to tighten our relationship as human beings, because there is strength in diversity. We are going to expose some interesting cultural differences around the world. Learn about these cultures to help you travel out of your homeland!
In Greece, spitting (吐痰) at weddings is believed to drive away devils (恶魔) . Funny as it sounds, this cultural tradition is an important practice. What is more shocking, this spitting is focused on the bride. It is regarded as good luck to bless the couple. However, things have been changed in some parts of Greece these days. Wedding guests just face the bride and make sounds and impressions that show they are spitting on her—without actually spitting.
Everybody knows Thai people are so friendly, but their culture demands that you never point your feet at anyone or any statue, especially that of the Buddha. In addition, they also consider the head to be more important than other parts of the body. This is why it is disrespectful to touch another person’s head in Thailand. It is the same with statues. If you see the Buddha statue, avoid touching its head as well.
Russians are very hospitable. In their culture, food is a serious business. Lunch is the most important and heaviest meal. If you get invited by your Russian friend for a meal, don’t ever refuse it—they find it impolite. You might want to skip your own meals to leave space in your stomach for the food you will eat in Russian gatherings. This is a very interesting cultural difference between Russia and other nations.
With limited knowledge about cultures outside your own, you won’t be able to really connect with a foreigner. Know more about the cultural differences around the world and make your life easier.
(　B　)4. Why do the Greek spit at weddings
A. To add fun to the wedding.
B. To drive away bad luck and bless the couple.
C. To celebrate the new wedding.
D. To express their dissatisfaction with the couple.
(　C　)5. What should be avoided if you are in Thailand
A. Eating too much food for a meal.
B. Touching your head in your home.
C. Pointing your feet at the statue of the Buddha.
D. Refusing your friends’ invitations.
(　B　)6. What does the underlined word “hospitable” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Famous. B. Welcoming.
C. Active. D. Clever.
(　D　)7. What is the best title for the text
A. Beautiful Tourist Attractions in the World
B. The Most Delicious Food in Different Countries
C. Interesting Wedding Traditions in Asian Nations
D. Surprising Cultural Differences Around the World
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地一些令人惊讶的文化差异。
4. B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In Greece, spitting (吐痰) at weddings is believed to drive away devils (恶魔)…this cultural tradition is an important practice…this spitting is focused on the bride. It is regarded as good luck to bless the couple.”可知,希腊人在婚礼上吐痰是因为这被认为可以驱除厄运,祝福新人。
5. C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Everybody knows Thai people are so friendly, but their culture demands that you never point your feet at anyone or any statue, especially that of the Buddha.”可知,如果你在泰国,应该避免把你的脚指向佛像。
6. B　【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段落可知,俄罗斯人对食物非常重视,他们通过丰盛的食物和热情的接待来表达对客人的欢迎,非常好客。hospitable意为“好客的”,与welcoming意思相近。
7. D　【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了世界各地一些令人惊讶的文化差异。因此选项D“世界各地令人惊讶的文化差异”适合作为本文标题。
Ⅱ. 书面表达
介绍少数民族
文体感知
导读:写介绍少数民族的文章可以从人口、居住地、政治、经济、文化、习俗等方面对之进行详尽的介绍,也可以从其中的某一个或某几个方面进行介绍,让读者对所介绍的少数民族有一个完整的认识。
注意:在写此类文章时,首先,要根据写作要求,确定写作的内容是某一个还是某几个方面;其次,如果是介绍多项内容,要合理安排介绍的顺序;最后,非常重要的一点是要确定时态。
【素材】
假定你是李华,你校的校报新开设了一个名为“Chinese Minorities”的栏目,现向全校学生征文。请你用英语写一篇短文,介绍一下中国少数民族之一的基诺(Jinuo)族,内容包括:
1. 人口:约26,000人;
2. 分布:云南省;
3. 经济:以农业为主;
4. 文化:(1)拥有丰富多彩的民族文化,尤其以民间音乐而闻名;(2)族人拥有精湛的刺绣艺术;
5. 发展:近30年来,基诺族人们的生活水平得到了很大的提高。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:刺绣embroidery
【审题谋篇】
体裁 说明文
话题 介绍少数民族
时态 一般现在时
人称 第三人称
【词汇】
1. 拥有……人口 　have a population of　
2. 少数民族 　ethnic minority/group　
3. 种植;培育 　farm/cultivate　
4. 手织艺纺织品 　handwoven textiles　
【句式】
亮点句式
☆ With a population of…, the…ethnic minority is the second/third…largest ethnic minority of China.
☆ The…ethnic minority mainly live in…Province.
☆ The…people are good at…and they have mastered high technology to…
☆ Having lived in…for centuries, the…people have developed a complex culture.
☆ Most of their cultural characteristics are disappearing quickly.Now they only wear their national costumes on their main festivals.
☆ Relying on rich natural resources, the…people are mostly engaged in…for their livings.
☆ With the development of science and technology, the…people’s life has gained rapid progress since…
☆ The…ethnic minority has rich culture with tales and myths.
1. 完成句子
(1)基诺族主要居住在云南省,人口约26,000人。　
The Jinuo ethnic minority 　has a population of　 about 26,000. The Jinuo ethnic minority mainly 　lives in　Yunnan Province.
(2)基诺族人多以务农为生,种植茶叶和热带水果。
　Most Jinuo people work as farmers, cultivating tea and tropical fruits.　(非谓语动词作方式状语)
(3)基诺族因其多彩的文化而闻名,尤其以代代相传的民间音乐和刺绣工艺著称。
　Celebrated for their colourful culture, the Jinuo are particularly famed for folk music and embroidery, skills preserved through generations.　(同位语作补充说明)
(4)无论我们是一个多么大的家庭,我们仍然需要基诺族这个民族。
　However large our family is　, we still need the member of the Jinuo ethnic minority.(however 引导的让步状语从句)
2. 句式升级
(1)用with的复合结构合并第1小题中的句(1)。
　With a population of about 26,000, the Jinuo ethnic minority mainly live in Yunnan Province.　
(2)用现在分词短语作状语连接下面两句话。
The Jinuo people rely on rich natural resources.
　Relying on rich natural resources, most Jinuo people work as farmers.　
【妙笔成篇】
With a population of about 26,000, the Jinuo ethnic minority mainly lives in Yunnan Province.
Relying on rich natural resources, most Jinuo people work as farmers, cultivating tea and tropical fruits. Celebrated for their vibrant culture, the Jinuo are particularly famed for folk music and embroidery, skills preserved through generations. Their handwoven textiles, especially Jinuo brocade, are sought after in international craft markets. The living standard of the Jinuo ethnic minority has improved rapidly since it became China’s 56 nationality in 1979.
The Jinuo ethnic minority is a member of our large family and it will surely contribute to China’s development.
核心素养提升
(单元复习)[P46]
Ⅰ. 词语辨析
1. contain/include
contain 侧重于“整体内有”,指在某一范围或整体内容纳某物。另外,contain还含有“克制,抑制(感情)”之意。
include 侧重于“被包含”只是整体的一部分。including为介词,放在被包含的事物之前;included为形容词,放在被修饰的名词之后。
用contain和include的正确形式填空
(1)When she saw the envelope that 　contained　 many pictures of her personal life, the girl could no longer 　contain　 her anger and burst out abusing.
(2)He picked up an envelope 　containing　 50 dollars in it, 　including　 a 10-dollar note.
(3)Fresh fruit and vegetables 　contain　 plentiful vitamin C.
(4)Our six-city tour 　included/includes　 a visit to London.
(5)This atlas (地图集) 　contains　 40 maps, that of Great Britain 　included　.
2. suit/match/fit
suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合、颜色、款式等。同时,suit还可作名词,表示“西装;套装”。
match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
fit 多指大小、形状的合适。
用suit、match和fit的正确形式填空
(1)A good teacher 　suits　 his lessons to the age of his pupils.
(2)She 　matches/matched　 the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
(3)When it comes to talking about football, his favourite sport, with David, any time will 　suit　 him.
(4)The colour of this pair of shoes 　suits　me very well, but it doesn’t 　fit　 me.
(5)It is really difficult for people to find a job, which is 　suited　 to them, but I was lucky to get one because the manager thought I was 　suitable　 for the work. I went to buy a black 　suit　 to wear in the office. But when I arrived at the office, the manager said the colour didn’t 　suit　me. How disappointed I was!(suit)
Ⅱ. 一句多译
1. 他突然想到第二天上午有一个重要的会议要参加。
(1)It 　occurred　to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.(occur)
(2)It 　hit/struck　 him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
(3)　What occurred　 to him was that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.(what引导的主语从句)
2. 这里全年气候温和,这意味着任何时候来参观都会是好天气。
(1)The climate here is mild all year round, 　meaning　 it is always a good time to visit.(现在分词作状语)
(2)The climate here is mild all year round, 　which means　 it is always a good time to visit.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
3. 非洲的野生动物与亚洲的不同。
(1)The wildlife in Africa 　is diverse from　 that in Asia.(diverse)
(2)The wildlife in Africa 　is different from　 that in Asia.(different)
(3)The wildlife in Africa 　differs from　 that in Asia.(differ)
Ⅲ. 语境检测
1. The teacher headed 　to　 Mark’s desk and asked him to answer the question.
2. The medicine is 　poisonous　 (poison) if taken in larger quantities.
3. He made a d　diagram　 to introduce his plan about the project.
4. There is a need for greater 　diversity　 (diverse) and choice in education.
5. A 　misfortune　 (fortune) is something unpleasant or unlucky that happens to someone.
6. Variety is the 　spice　 (spicy) of life which helps improve your studying.
7. A series of books about Lu Xun has already come 　out　.
8. Over half the population of this country participate 　in　 sports.
9. Apart 　from　 several parking tickets, the driver was also fined for speeding on the expressway, which was likely to contribute to his driving license being cancelled.
10. —Anything else to say for yourself
—Well, dear judge, I have never 　sought　 (seek) to hide my views.
11. Only a 　minority　 (minor) of the children are fond of doing housework while most of them enjoy playing games.
12. It’s confirmed 　that　 the expressway will be extended to our town.
13. Before the race, he is fine.But a　fterwards　 he is worn out.
14. A man 　having claimed/claiming　 (claim) to be a journalist threatened to reveal details about her private life.
15. They are reported 　to have escaped　 (escape) to the other side of the border.
16. China is home 　to　 giant pandas, which are one of the surviving ancient animals.
17. He began to cry as if 　bitten　 (bite) by a snake.
18. She dived into her bag and brought out a 　folded　 (fold) piece of paper.
19. I was more than glad to be a　dmitted　 into the key university after years of hard work.
20. A tall building was put up 　where　 there used to be a desert.
21. He felt d　efinitely　 proud when he knew his son got the first in the competition.
Ⅳ. 单元语法精练
1. We all know that, if not carefully 　dealt　 (deal) with, the situation will get worse.
2. The child wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not 　to　.
3. Though 　lacking　(lack) money, he still bought a gift for his sister.
4. Little Jenny won’t take the bitter medicine even if made 　to　.
5. When 　completed　 (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
6. 　Had　 it not been for the free ticket, I would not have gone to the films so often.
7. I might be away for an important meeting next week.If 　so　, I won’t be able to attend your wedding ceremony.
8. —What were you trying to prove to the police
—　Where　 I was last night.
9. Ask her if it is a convenient time. If 　not　, can she suggest another possible time
10. —Who should be responsible for the accident
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order as 　told　 (tell).
11. —Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend
—I believe 　so/not　.
12. —What made you so upset
—Jim’s 　leaving　 (leave) without saying goodbye.
Ⅴ. 语法填空
“Melting pot” means a place where people from many different ethnic groups or cultures form a united society. The idea comes from 　1　 (heat) metals in a container. When they melt, the metals unite and become 　2　 new and stronger. This term has been used to describe the United States as a nation created from people who came here from many different countries.
A Frenchman who was living in America expressed the idea more than 200 years ago. J. Hector de Crevecoeur 　3　 (publish) a book called Letters From an American Farmer in 1782. He wrote that America had people from many different countries. He said that they would become a new people 　4　 work would one day change the world.
For many years, Americans generally accept the idea 　5　 their country is a melting pot. They welcome immigrants from many nations. Yet some of those immigrants criticise the melting pot idea. They feel they are forced to lose their culture and language 　6　 (accept) in America. Other people also criticise the idea. They say the aim of the melting pot is to make different cultures disappear into the one 　7　 (represent) the largest group.
New groups of immigrants from Asia and Latin America are changing the United States today. Some are resisting learning American culture and language. Reports say some Americans fear that the nation is separating into many groups that have no 　8　 (share) purpose. Others say the melting pot is no longer changing the nation’s immigrants, but the immigrants are changing America.
Some experts who study immigration say they now compare American society 　9　 a salad bowl. A salad is made of many different foods. They each keep their own taste 　10　 being part of a successful product. In this way, cultural groups keep their customs and language and are still part of American society.
1. 　heating　　　　　 2. 　something　
3. 　published 4. 　whose　
5. 　that 6. 　to be accepted　
7. 　representing 8. 　shared　
9. 　to 10. 　while/when　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍“熔炉”这一概念的定义、起源及其在美国社会中的应用和争议,展示了美国社会对移民的态度及其变化。
1. heating　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为comes,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;空格处位于介词from后,应使用动词-ing形式作宾语。
2. something　【解析】 考查代词。句意:当它们熔化时,这些金属融合在一起,变成了某种新的、更强大的东西。根据句意和空格前的become可知,此处需要一个不定代词来表示“某种新的、更强大的事物”,且句子为肯定句;something常用于肯定句中,指代事物,故填something。
3. published　【解析】 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,空格处为句子谓语动词;根据下文中的“in 1782”可知,该动作发生在过去,此处应用一般过去时。
4. whose　【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,并在从句中作定语,修饰work,表示所属关系,应用关系代词whose。
5. that　【解析】 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格后的部分their country is a melting pot是同位语从句,解释名词idea的内容,且从句意义完整,不缺成分,应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。
6. to be accepted　【解析】 考查非谓语动词和动词的语态。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为feel,从句谓语动词为are forced to lose,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,表示失去文化和语言的目的;又因accept和they构成动宾关系,此处应用动词不定式的被动语态,故填to be accepted。
7. representing　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为say,从句谓语动词为is,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;represent和the one构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词-ing形式作后置定语。
8. shared　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰名词purpose,应用形容词形式shared作purpose的定语。
9. to　【解析】 考查介词。句意:一些研究移民问题的专家说,他们现在把美国社会比作一个沙拉碗。compare…to…意为“把……比作……”,为固定搭配。
10. while/when　【解析】 考查状语从句。句意:它们各自保留着自己的味道,同时又是一个成功作品的一部分。根据句意和空格后的“being part of a successful product”可知,空格处引导时间状语从句,意为“与……同时”,应用连接词while或when。

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