资源简介

Unit 3　The Internet
夯基培优练(一)
(Listening & Speaking)[P30]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.While most (blog)comment on news reported elsewhere, some do their own reporting.
2.The car has a four-cylinder e .
3.When (chat) on the Internet, some people often use “88” for “goodbye”.
4.Lewis had tears (stream) down his cheeks and a book in his hand.
5.The government is working to protect citizens’ (identify) by implementing stricter data privacy laws.
6.According to the latest s , over 70% of respondents prefer online shopping to traditional retail stores.
Ⅱ.短语填空
search engine　　　　 chat with
identity card blog post
due to pay attention to
1.—What is your sister doing now
—She is on the phone, one of her schoolmates.
2.—Do you like reading her
—Yes, and I often leave comments.
3.A(n) is a computer programme that searches for documents containing a particular word or words on the Internet.
4.Having waited in the queue for two hours, Jack suddenly realised that he had left his at home.
5.The train had stopped a mechanical problem and I just called to the engineer to repair it.
6.I am not opposed to this plan; I just remind you some important points.
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★stream vt.流播 (不用下载直接在互联网上播放音频);流出vi.流动n.小河;溪流;趋势
【归纳拓展】
live stream 直播
data stream 数据流
main stream 主流
stream of consciousness 意识流
streaming service 流媒体服务
go with the stream 随波逐流
go against the stream 逆流而上;反潮流
stream videos/music 在线观看视频/听音乐
【即学即练】
(1)这条小溪清澈见底。
The is so clear that you can see the bottom.
(2)现代文学中,意识流是一种常见的写作技巧。
In modern literature, is a common writing technique.
(3)她喜欢在社交媒体上观看直播。
She enjoys watching .
(4)他总是随波逐流,从不坚持自己的观点。
He always and never sticks to his own opinions.
(5)尽管困难重重,他依然选择逆流而上。
Despite the challenges, he chose to .
(6)泪水从她的脸颊上流下来。
.
(7)他们正在直播这场音乐会。
They are .
2.★identity n.身份;个性 identify vt.识别;确定;认同identification n.识别;鉴定;身份证明
【归纳拓展】
identity card 身份证(常缩写为 ID card)
cultural identity 文化身份;文化认同
personal identity 个人身份;个人特性
lose one’s identity 失去个性;迷失自我
verify sb’s identity 核实某人的身份
identify sb/sth as… 把某人/某物识别为……
be identified with…
与……有密切关系;被认为等同于……
【即学即练】
(1)警察需要核实嫌疑人的身份。
The police need to the suspect’s .　
(2)我们需要进行身份鉴定才能让人进入大堂。
We need to allow people to get into the hall.
(3)出门别忘了带身份证。
Don’t forget to take your when you go out.
(4)许多人都在努力保持自己的文化认同。
Many people are trying hard to .
(5)他在大城市生活久了,渐渐失去了自己的个性。
He has gradually after living in the big city for a long time.
(6)她能轻易地识别出他的声音。
She can easily .
(7)他被认为是这个领域的专家。
He an expert in this field.
(8)不能把财富和幸福等同起来。
Wealth cannot happiness.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
A 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created apps to address polluted drinking water and other social problems has been named Time magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the Year”.
“The prize is nothing that I could have ever imagined.And I’m so grateful and just so excited that we’re really taking a look at the upcoming generation and our generation, since the future is in our hands,”Rao said in an interview from her home.
Time said Rao stood out for creating a global community of young innovators and inspiring them to pursue their goals.Rao insisted that starting out small doesn’t matter, as long as you’re passionate about it.
She told Time in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions.The drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan, inspired her work to develop a way to detect pollutants and send those results to a mobile phone, she said.
“I was about 10 when I told my parents that I wanted to research carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensor technology at the Denver Water quality research lab, and my mum was like, ‘A what ’” Rao told Time.She said that work “is going to be in our generation’s hands pretty soon”.“So if no one else is gonna do it, I’m gonna do it.”
In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insisted that its pursuit is an act of kindness, the best way that a younger generation can better the world.
“We have science in everything we’re involved in, and I think that’s the biggest thing to put out there, that science is cool, innovation is cool, and anybody can be an innovator,” Rao said.“Anybody can do science.”
( )1.What did Rao think of the award she received
A.It was a mark of social progress.
B.It was a recognition of her work.
C.It was an inspiration to the youth.
D.It was a title beyond her expectation.
( )2.Why would Rao start to pursue science
A.To encourage people to aim high.
B.To pursue her passion for research.
C.To change society for the better.
D.To stop science from being questioned.
( )3.Which word can best describe Rao
A.Cool.
B.Kind.
C.Independent.
D.Creative.
( )4.What’s the purpose of the text
A.To report a young genius.
B.To introduce new inventions.
C.To improve social conditions.
D.To present artificial intelligence.
B
In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn’t let Internet slang (俚语) deepen the generation gap (代沟), after People’s Daily started a discussion on a Chinese microblog on how to “explain” the youth’s Internet slang terms to parents.The post got 40,000 likes.People were commenting that they couldn’t keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo (术语) in China.
People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic (语言的) trends of Mandarin Chinese, in particular, the gradual taking over of Pinyin, the romanisation of traditional Chinese characters using the Latin alphabet.As Pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers, while fewer and fewer people write characters by hand, people gradually forget how to write them, which is called “character amnesia” in China.
The slang terms of 2019 added a further simplification: the use of Pinyin acronyms.“Awsl” in Pinyin, for instance, means “Ah, wo si le (Oh, I’m gonna die)”, and is used if something is too cute or adorable.“Nsdd” stands for “ni shuo de dui (you’re right)”.
Certainly, as an age-old written language, Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years.But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer.
Acronyms aren’t new.They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell phone messaging.Some of them have become a part of the English language, such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud), while others had a rather short lifetime.That’s likely to be what’s going to happen with China’s Internet slang terms.Some are going to be old in a few weeks, while others might make it into mainstream use, and as they do, young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves.
In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, fosters a sense of unity.Older generations don’t have to feel left out, and certainly don’t have to fear a degradation (没落) of the Chinese language.While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to cause 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight.
( )5.The public are worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse because 　　　.
A.it’s used by children to keep secrets from parents
B.it can cause confusion even among young people
C.it was invented in response to the limited messaging space
D.it will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese
( )6.How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language
A.They add variety to the language.
B.They are replacing its traditional vocabulary.
C.They make the language more global.
D.They only have temporary effects on Chinese.
( )7.By using Internet slang in China, people may get 　　　.
A.a sense of purpose
B.a sense of group identity
C.a sense of cultural pride
D.a sense of safety
( )8.Which could be the best title for the passage
A.Is Media Helping Older Generation Understand Internet Slang
B.Is Chinese Language Too Powerful to Be Largely Affected
C.Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap
D.Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap, Ruining Chinese
夯基培优练(二)
(Reading & Thinking)[P34]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.Lucy is a smart girl, whose ideas are always (inspire).
2.My sister has come over from the USA to keep me c during my illness.
3. (surf) the Internet has now become a popular pastime, which can broaden people’s horizons.
4.Children deserve outdoor activities, which they can benefit enormously.
5.Orange juice contains much vitamin C and is (benefit) to people’s health.
6.Many people think the food (benefit) us, but actually it is not true.
7.Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be (access) to the kids.
8.The company is going a period of great change, and no one knows if their job is safe.
9.Once you get to know Mark, you’ll find him a very pleasant person (chat) with, even though he doesn’t look so.
10.I would always keep my (distant) from drinkers on social occasions.
11.Now the plan has been worked out, we must carry it out.
12.Rapid agricultural and industrial development p huge population has caused great damage to the environment.
13.Whatever the presentation, public speaking is t , so get help.
14.That is why I encourage you to join me in making a donation to this c activity, whether it is $30, $50, $100 or even more.
Ⅱ.短语填空
go through　　　　　　 keep sb company
benefit by/from now that
have no access to surf the Internet
raise/collect money for in the distance
1.Her neighbours often in the evening when her parents are away.
2.It remains to be seen how many senior citizens will actually this new plan.
3.Even today many people in the remote mountainous areas free medical treatment.
4.We a period when communications were very difficult in rural areas.
5.As they were wandering around, they noticed a man sitting against a tree .　
6. you have expressed your determination, you should act.
7.Every year, we have charity days unfortunate people.
8.Recently I have talked with my parents about whether or not I should be allowed .
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★benefit n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 beneficial adj.有益的;有利的;有帮助的
【归纳拓展】
for the benefit of… 为了……的利益
be of benefit to… 对……有益
benefit by/from… 从……中受益
be beneficial to… 对……有益
【即学即练】
(1)这些措施是为了公众的利益而采取的。
These measures are taken the public.
(2)这种新的教学方法对学生们很有好处。
This new teaching method the students.
(3)我们可以从阅读中受益。
We can reading.
(4)经常锻炼对身体有益。
Regular exercise health.
2.★access n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入;使用;获取;访问 accessible adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的
【归纳拓展】
have access to…
可以使用;有权进入;有机会接触
access to information 信息获取
give access to… 使能进入;使能接触
be accessible to…
对……来说是可接近的/可进入的/可理解的
【即学即练】
(1)只有经过授权的人员才能进入这个房间。
Only authorised personnel this room.
(2)在互联网时代,信息获取变得更加容易。
In the Internet age, information has become easier.
(3)这扇门可以让我们进入花园。
This door the garden.
(4)这本教材对学生来说很容易理解。
This textbook students.
Ⅳ.重要句型
1.原句:Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
点睛:Much通常用于表示具体内容、数量不详的事物,作主语时,常用被动语态。
【即学即练】
(1)关于环境保护的重要性,已经有了很多讨论。
about the importance of environmental protection.
(2)近年来,(我们)在改善教育体系方面已经做了很多工作。
to improve the education system in recent years.
2.原句:We can download software, documents and images whenever we need them.
点睛:在该句中whenever引导时间状语从句。
【即学即练】
(1)你有问题的时候,随时可以给我打电话。
You can call me .
(2)她感到压力大的时候,喜欢去散步。
She likes to go for a walk .
3.原句:Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.
点睛: Now that意为“既然;由于”(通常为众所周知的原因)。
【即学即练】
(1)既然雨停了,我们可以出去野餐了。
, we can go out for a picnic.
(2)由于交通状况改善了,我们可以更快地到达目的地了。
, we can reach our destination faster.
(3)既然他已经康复了,我们就可以放心了。
, we can rest assured.
Ⅴ.完形填空
Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches computers in the school he works in.I think it is a 　1　 school, except that it didn’t have computers.
Owura became famous after he posted photos of himself on the Internet.In the picture, people could see he was teaching his students by 　2　 an entire computer on the blackboard.The photos showed the 　3　 level of education for children in Ghana.People were 　4　 that Owura made sure each button was drawn correctly.
Owura wanted the students to 　5　 what life with a computer could be like someday.He would come to school half an hour ahead of the 　6　 every day.He drew the computer on the blackboard, but at the end of his class, it was 　7　 to start the next class, so he had to repeat it the next day!
Owura’s efforts were rewarded when a computer company took 　8　 of his act.They first took him to an international educators’ meeting in Singapore.He made a 　9　 about his teaching methods at the meeting.He 　10　 a standing ovation (热烈鼓掌) after the speech.
Importantly, Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some companies 　11　 computers to the school.Not a single child in the 　12　 had seen a real computer in their lives.Thanks to their teacher’s 　13　, the world took notice and responded with kindness to them.
“Your work has really made us feel 　14　 about the world.We believe that educators are heroes.They 　15　 influence the lifelong skills of their students,” said the vice president of the company.　　　
( )1.A.final B.dusty
C.normal D.personal
( )2.A.operating B.drawing
C.describing D.repairing
( )3.A.clear B.high
C.ancient D.poor
( )4.A.worried B.disappointed
C.afraid D.amazed
( )5.A.start B.imagine
C.rebuild D.harm
( )6.A.line B.culture
C.schedule D.judge
( )7.A.put away B.taken away
C.thrown away D.wiped away
( )8.A.care B.notice
C.place D.charge
( )9.A.plan B.medal
C.decision D.speech
( )10.A.received B.replaced
C.decreased D.contained
( )11.A.gave B.sold
C.lent D.applied
( )12.A.company B.nation
C.dynasty D.school
( )13.A.efforts B.pains
C.humour D.doubt
( )14.A.secure B.confident
C.helpless D.foolish
( )15.A.quickly B.briefly
C.directly D.rarely
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
Nowadays, online learning turns out to be more and more practised.It represents an easy and comfortable method for gaining knowledge in almost every field.　1　 It is therefore especially beneficial to those who can’t go to school for certain reasons.But what are the advantages and disadvantages of online learning
Although many people still consider traditional classes as the best way to attain knowledge, online learning proves to be a useful option.Students have the chance to study in their own time.It is a great way to study many fields and to improve the level of self-motivation.　2　 Then there is more time left for hobbies or other activities.
What else Easy access to all resources of a traditional course helps students learn wherever they are.　3　 Among other advantages of online learning there are the responsibility and self-discipline (自律) of students.
　4　 At school, students learn how to make friends, be patient, get rid of disappointment, and especially to compete.Online learning cannot offer human interaction.Another disadvantage refers to the fact that online courses cannot deal with thousands of students that try to join discussions.
In conclusion, online learning should be seen as a complement (补充) to and extension of classical forms of learning.　5　 Each form of learning has every reason to exist.
A.Online learning reaches more and more people.
B.Online learning is a great alternative to traditional classes.
C.However, only in a small group can a student develop properly.
D.Besides, they are able to attend different courses on the Internet.
E.Even the best online course can’t fully replace face-to-face contact.
F.Online learning is effective as students can make full use of their time.
G.But online learning is also effective for those who can’t focus their attention.
1. 　2. 　3.
4. 　5.
夯基培优练(三)
(Discovering Useful Structures, Listening & Talking)[P38]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.The old machine (not function)properly if you don’t oil it regularly.
2.If you book in advance, you can receive an inviting d .
3.My friend gave a humorous account his trip in Spain.
4.My car broke down halfway, (account) for my being late for the meeting.
5.The lab results provided (confirm) of the theory, which was a breakthrough in the research.
6.The audience reacted (passive) to the speaker’s remarks, showing little enthusiasm.
7.She (active) engages in environmental conservation projects, making a real impact on her community.
Ⅱ.短语填空
It has been confirmed that　 in good shape
keep track of on no account
take sth into account function as
1.On weekdays, one third of the room workspace.
2. another two flights to South Asia have been called off due to the terrible weather.
3.The professor warned the students that should they use mobile phones in his class.
4.Everything , her plan seems more practicable.
5.In fact, it must the state of each file individually (单个地).
6.The girl gets a sense of satisfaction out of staying .
Ⅲ.语法突破——现在完成时的被动语态
把下列句子变为被动语态(每空一词)
1.This company has produced a new type of computer recently.
A new type of computer by this company recently.
2.They have interviewed several teachers for the job.
Several teachers for the job by them.　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
“Screen time” is a term used for activities done in front of a screen, such as watching TV, working on a computer, or playing video games.Screen time means that you are being physically inactive while sitting down.Very little energy is used during screen time.
Most American children spend about 3 hours a day watching TV.Added together, all types of screen time can total 5 to 7 hours a day.
Too much screen time can make it hard for children to sleep at night and raise their risk for attention problems, anxiety, and depression.What’s more, it may increase their risk for obesity (肥胖) because:
●Sitting and watching a screen is time that is not spent being physically active.
●TV commercials and other screen ads can lead to unhealthy food choices.Most of the time, the foods in ads that are aimed at kids are high in sugar, salt, or fats.
●Children eat more when they are watching TV, especially if they see ads for food.
Computers can help kids with their schoolwork.But surfing the Internet, spending too much time on social media, or watching videos is considered unhealthy screen time.
Children under age 2 should have no screen time.Limit screen time to 1 to 2 hours a day for children over age 2.Despite what ads may say, videos that are aimed at very young children do not improve their development.
Cutting down to 2 hours a day can be hard for some children, but parents can still do something to improve the situation.Parents can help their children by telling them how sedentary (需要久坐的) activities affect their overall health.Talk to them about things they can do to be healthier.
( )1.What’s the first paragraph mainly about
A.What is screen time.
B.The harm of screen time.
C.The effects of screen time.
D.How to spend screen time.
( )2.How long do most American children spend before the screen every week
A.21 hours.
B.35 hours.
C.35 to 49 hours.
D.38 to 53 hours.
( )3.When children are watching TV, they will 　　　.
A.become thinner
B.become healthier
C.eat less food
D.eat more food
( )4.What will the author most probably talk about next
A.Why screen time is harmful.
B.Why children love screen time.
C.How to make use of screen time.
D.How to reduce children’s screen time.
B
A study found that among young Danes (丹麦人) who played video games in English, those who did so regularly outside school scored higher on English vocabulary tests than their peers who did not.
“With video games, all of a sudden English becomes an instrument, something that’s very useful for them in order to progress in the game,” says the author of the study, Signe Hannibal Jensen.This changes kids’ focus from “learning to learn”, as in a classical school setting, to “learning to play”.
It makes sense that “the very things that we can’t drag out of students in school are the kinds of things that they’re doing for fun on their own outside school,” says Steven Thorne, a professor of second language acquisition.“You’re sharing an activity.You’re sharing a passion,” he says.
The language learning isn’t only effective in learning English.Fiona Girotti explained how her love of K-pop led her to turn to an online gaming platform she used to learn Korean.She says learning grammar online is tough, and gaming isn’t a direct replacement for in-person instruction.“But you get good at conversations, sentences, and things you can say to anyone,” says Fiona.
And her online language practice is working.When Ms Girotti listens to pop music now, she can understand many words.It’s not really the same as being in class, though.“Of course, classes are structured.When you’re just me, learning independently, you don’t really understand the grammar,” she says.She uses a grammar app on her phone to understand tricky sentences.
Dr Thorne notes that video games are not a perfect solution.“Some gaming environments are very language heavy and language rich.Others don’t really require much language at all,” he says.He warns that gaming isn’t always good, and players can become dependent on games.“But combine a quality, communication-dependent game with the 15-hours-a-week kids spend gaming, and learning will come out of that,” he says.
In the future, video games might become a more practical option among the instruments language learners already use, including phone apps, podcasts, videos, and in-person instruction.Jonathon Reinhardt, the president of Computer-Assisted Language Instruction Consortium (CALICO), says it makes sense that gaming would increasingly enter into more formal classroom settings.“What we’re going to see is a generation who grows up with games and recognises their potential as learning objects,” he says.“They have the skills and the abilities to build these sorts of things.”
( )5.How do video games help learn English according to Signe Hannibal Jensen
A.They can encourage players to learn English.
B.They can help players learn English grammar.
C.They can provide an easy way to learn English.
D.They can improve players’ focus while learning.
( )6.What does Steven Thorne want to say in Paragraph 3
A.Students should take online language courses.
B.Students should do activities independently.
C.Students can hardly have fun at school.
D.Students are willing to learn for fun.
( )7.What can we learn from Fiona Girotti’s example
A.It is not necessary to learn grammar in class.
B.K-pop contributes to foreign language learning.
C.Online gaming can help improve spoken language.
D.Video games can be as efficient as in-person instruction.
( )8.What is Jonathon Reinhardt’s attitude towards video games as a language learning instrument
A.Worried.
B.Confident.
C.Negative.
D.Careful.
夯基培优练(四)
(Reading for Writing)　[P41]　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Have you wondered what your pets are feeling When your dog wags (摇动) its tail, does that mean it is happy A new app called Happy Pets can tell you what’s going on.
The app uses artificial intelligence (AI) to analyse the facial expressions of cats and dogs.Then it can tell you what breed (品种) your pet is and how it is feeling.It can show the five most common feelings—happy, angry, neutral, sad and scared.
Researchers in Australia developed the app.The key technology used in the app is facial recognition, a common use of AI.We can unlock our mobile phones or enter train stations with facial recognition readers.But this is the first time that the tech has been used with animals.
The app’s AI was first taught to recognise a picture of an animal.Then, it was taught to recognise the facial features of cats and dogs.Next came the most important step—teaching it to detect (察觉) emotions based on certain facial features.For instance, if a dog tightens up its eyes and mouth while changing the position of its ears, this means the dog is scared.To master this skill, the AI programme “saw” and “read” thousands of example images.
How accurate are the results The researchers think they are trustworthy since the app has been tested many times.Interestingly, they have found that cats are harder to read than dogs.In the future, the app might also be able to analyse a pet’s body to make its readings more accurate.
( )1.What is the app Happy Pets used to do
A.To make pets happy.
B.To tell us how the pets are feeling.
C.To recognise an animal’s picture.
D.To unlock our mobile phones.
( )2.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.What emotions the app can recognise.
B.What certain facial features mean.
C.How people use the app.
D.How the app’s AI was trained.
( )3.What can we infer about the app Happy Pets
A.It has been used with animals for a long time.
B.It works harder on dogs than cats.
C.It uses facial recognition technology.
D.It can analyse a pet’s body.
B
Do you spend too much time playing video or computer games or going online Here are some ways to tell if you need to ask for help:
●You feel really happy when you’re online or when you’re playing games, but as soon as you have to stop, you get angry or upset.
●You think about going online or playing when you should focus on other things, like doing schoolwork or having dinner with your family.
●You spend more time with your keyboard or controller than physically hanging out with your friends.
●You get up in the middle of the night to check your email or your social media comments because you’re having a hard time sleeping.
If you think there might be a problem, there probably is.And you certainly wouldn’t be the first.Some experts say as many as 10 percent of all people who use the Internet or play video games are addicted to them.
It’s a tough habit to kick.It’s not like you can just stop using the computer altogether.You need it for school and to stay in touch with your friends.The best thing to do is to talk to someone you trust.Maybe it’s your mum or dad, an elder brother or sister, or a good friend who cares about you.Tell them you’re worried about being addicted and you need their help.
Chances are, the games aren’t the real problem.You may be using the computer to avoid doing things you don’t want to do or considering things that are bothering you.Sometimes that’s okay—grown-ups do it, too.But when it’s keeping you from sleeping, or causing you to be angry with the people who love you, there’s a better way.
( )4.The writer offers four ways in the text to tell us 　　　.
A.how to deal with Internet addiction
B.the Internet can do great harm to us
C.the Internet and games are very popular
D.how to know if we’re addicted to the Internet
( )5.How many Internet users are addicted to it
A.10%. B.20%.
C.30%. D.40%.
( )6.To deal with Internet addiction, we’d better 　　　.
A.do more sports
B.make more friends
C.stop using the computer
D.talk to our family members
( )7.What do we learn from the last paragraph
A.The games are what’s really bothering us.
B.We use computers to escape from reality.
C.Children are usually lazier than grown-ups.
D.We needn’t take Internet addiction seriously.
Ⅱ.书面表达
回应博客
文体感知
概念:回应博客的文章属于应用文,它通常就某一问题发表自己的观点, 体现了个性化的交流。文章通常以陈述句居多, 也会采用疑问句和感叹句来表达强烈的情感。
内容安排:
文章通常采用三段式。
第一段:提出自己的观点。
第二段:用举例等方式阐述理由。
第三段:提出自己的建议。
【素材】
假定你是李华,你在一位名叫TigerMum的学生家长的博客上看到以下内容。 请你根据博客内容、写作要点来回复这位家长。
I’m the mother of a fourteen-year-old girl.I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students, or get punished in one way or another.She has been doing very well in school, but some of my friends keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her.Am I wrong
要点如下:
1.表明自己的观点;
2.陈述自己的理由;
3.提出建议(至少2条)。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁
话题
时态
人称
【词汇】
1.允许某人做某事
2.绝不
3.采纳……的建议
4.犯错
【句式】
亮点句式
开头:
☆ Recently, the issue of…has sparked widespread concern.
☆ Nowadays, …has become a challenge we must confront.
☆ It is widely believed that…/It is a widely held belief that…
引出不同观点:
☆ People’s opinions on…vary widely.Some argue that…, while others maintain that…
☆ Attitudes towards…differ from person to person.
☆ Different people hold divergent views on…
结尾:
☆ Taking all these factors into consideration, we can reasonably conclude that…
☆ Hence/Therefore, it is logical to conclude that…
☆ Undoubtedly, …has both advantages and disadvantages.
提出建议:
☆ It is high time we put an end to…
☆ It would be advisable to place special emphasis on…
☆ There is no doubt that significant attention must be given to the issue of…
完成句子
1.事实上,让你困惑的事情也是世界上很多家长所困惑的。
is, in fact, a common concern for many parents around the world.(名词性从句)
2.我的观点是你那么做不对。
My view is it is not entirely appropriate for you to act that way.(表语从句)
3.虽然高分是评价学生和决定其未来大学录取的一个重要因素,但智慧、情感、健康和生活态度等方面的发展也不容忽视。
in evaluating students and determining their future university admission, should never be overlooked.(让步状语从句)
4.原因在于父母的压力让他们几乎没有时间参加其他活动。
the pressure from their parents leaves them with almost no time for other activities.(表语从句)
【妙笔成篇】
核心素养提升 [P44]
(单元复习)
Ⅰ.词汇类记
1.go+prep./adv.→动词短语
go against→
go by→
go over→
go through→
go ahead→
2.adj.+-ity→n.
curious→ n.好奇心
familiar→ n.熟悉
similar→ n.相似性
possible→ n.可能性
responsible→ n.责任
3.dis-+v.→v.
count→ v.打折
cover→ v.发现
appear→ v.消失
close→ v.揭露
agree→ v.不同意
4.adj.+-ce→n.
convenient→ n.方便
distant→ n.距离
important→ n.重要
violent→ n.暴力
confident→ n.信心
5.n.+n.→n.(复合名词)
guide+line→guideline n.
net+work→network n.
data+base→database n.
work+shop→workshop n.
Ⅱ.语境检测
1.In the following chapter, cases will be introduced to readers consumer complaints have resulted in changes in law.
2.We will hold our next meeting at your (convenient), Mr Black.
3.Not only was I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university (update) my skills.
4.The corridor (走廊) was so narrow that I had to myself against the wall to let them pass.
5.The student (benefit) from the training so much that he was awarded the first prize in the game.
6.Now you’ve finished the work, you deserve a good rest.
7.—When does your plane take off
—At 3:00 p.m.tomorrow.I’ve just called the airport (confirm) it.
8.These goods will be sold a discount of 10%.
Ⅲ.重要短语
用含有case的短语完成句子
1.Please take an umbrella with you it rains.
2.Please take an umbrella with you a rain.
3.We have to go past your house , so we will take you home.
4.You don’t like the job. , why don’t you quit it
Ⅳ.一句多译
1.他命令工作要在周一之前完成。
(1)He ordered that the work (finish) before Monday.
(2)It (order)that the work (finish) before Monday.
(3)His order was the work (finish) before Monday.
(4)He made order that the work (finish) before Monday.
2.他要求(request)房子使用以后要打扫干净。
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Ⅴ.单元语法精练——现在完成时的被动语态
1.In the last few years thousands of films (produce) all over the world.
2.A number of high buildings (build) in his hometown since he left there.
3.His sister left home in 1998, and (not hear) of since then.
4.Two thirds of the region (destroy) in the past decade.
5.In recent years many football clubs (run) as business to make a profit.
6.I want to buy this kind of cloth because I (tell) that the cloth washes well.
Ⅵ.语法填空
Throughout history, humans have had an urge (欲望) to make social connections.Making friends 　1　 (be) something that most people do 　2　 (natural) when meeting people through family and friends.In addition, the Internet has introduced a new meeting place—the social networking site (SNS).
A SNS in the United States, which has attracted over 100 million users, is one of 　3　 largest social networking sites.Unlike some sites that require a special 　4　 (invite) to join, it is open to everyone over the age of 14.Users create their own profile page.They can decide whether they want to make their profile available only to friends 　5　 to all users.
Many people prefer using SNS 　6　 (stay) in touch with friends and meet new people.Instead of 　7　 (ask) for a phone number or email address, asking for someone’s profile is becoming a much more popular question.For many, these sites have made a positive difference in their lives by widening their social circles.However, some people have found social networking sites carry some 　8　 (risk).There are stories of bosses offering a job and then changing their mind after checking the person’s 　9　 (person) profile on the Internet.So 　10　 is important to think about the type of information you include on your profile page.
1. 　　　　 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.Unit 3　The Internet
夯基培优练(一)
(Listening & Speaking)[P30]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.While most 　bloggers　(blog)comment on news reported elsewhere, some do their own reporting.
2.The car has a four-cylinder e　ngine　.
3.When 　chatting　 (chat) on the Internet, some people often use “88” for “goodbye”.
4.Lewis had tears 　streaming　 (stream) down his cheeks and a book in his hand.
5.The government is working to protect citizens’ 　identity　 (identify) by implementing stricter data privacy laws.
6.According to the latest s　urvey　, over 70% of respondents prefer online shopping to traditional retail stores.
Ⅱ.短语填空
search engine　　　　 chat with
identity card blog post
due to pay attention to
1.—What is your sister doing now
—She is on the phone, 　chatting with　 one of her schoolmates.
2.—Do you like reading her 　blog posts　
—Yes, and I often leave comments.
3.A(n) 　search engine　 is a computer programme that searches for documents containing a particular word or words on the Internet.
4.Having waited in the queue for two hours, Jack suddenly realised that he had left his 　identity card　 at home.
5.The train had stopped 　due to　 a mechanical problem and I just called to the engineer to repair it.
6.I am not opposed to this plan; I just remind you 　to pay attention to　 some important points.
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★stream vt.流播 (不用下载直接在互联网上播放音频);流出vi.流动n.小河;溪流;趋势
【归纳拓展】
live stream 直播
data stream 数据流
main stream 主流
stream of consciousness 意识流
streaming service 流媒体服务
go with the stream 随波逐流
go against the stream 逆流而上;反潮流
stream videos/music 在线观看视频/听音乐
【即学即练】
(1)这条小溪清澈见底。
The 　stream　 is so clear that you can see the bottom.
(2)现代文学中,意识流是一种常见的写作技巧。
In modern literature, 　stream of consciousness　 is a common writing technique.
(3)她喜欢在社交媒体上观看直播。
She enjoys watching 　live streams on social media　.
(4)他总是随波逐流,从不坚持自己的观点。
He always 　goes with the stream　 and never sticks to his own opinions.
(5)尽管困难重重,他依然选择逆流而上。
Despite the challenges, he chose to 　go against the stream　.
(6)泪水从她的脸颊上流下来。
　Tears streamed down her cheeks　.
(7)他们正在直播这场音乐会。
They are 　streaming the concert live　.
2.★identity n.身份;个性 identify vt.识别;确定;认同identification n.识别;鉴定;身份证明
【归纳拓展】
identity card 身份证(常缩写为 ID card)
cultural identity 文化身份;文化认同
personal identity 个人身份;个人特性
lose one’s identity 失去个性;迷失自我
verify sb’s identity 核实某人的身份
identify sb/sth as… 把某人/某物识别为……
be identified with…
与……有密切关系;被认为等同于……
【即学即练】
(1)警察需要核实嫌疑人的身份。
The police need to 　verify　 the suspect’s 　identity　.　
(2)我们需要进行身份鉴定才能让人进入大堂。
We need 　identification　 to allow people to get into the hall.
(3)出门别忘了带身份证。
Don’t forget to take your 　identity card　 when you go out.
(4)许多人都在努力保持自己的文化认同。
Many people are trying hard to 　maintain their cultural identity　.
(5)他在大城市生活久了,渐渐失去了自己的个性。
He has 　lost his personal identity　 gradually after living in the big city for a long time.
(6)她能轻易地识别出他的声音。
She can easily 　identify his voice　.
(7)他被认为是这个领域的专家。
He 　is identified as　 an expert in this field.
(8)不能把财富和幸福等同起来。
Wealth cannot 　be identified with　 happiness.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
A 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created apps to address polluted drinking water and other social problems has been named Time magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the Year”.
“The prize is nothing that I could have ever imagined.And I’m so grateful and just so excited that we’re really taking a look at the upcoming generation and our generation, since the future is in our hands,”Rao said in an interview from her home.
Time said Rao stood out for creating a global community of young innovators and inspiring them to pursue their goals.Rao insisted that starting out small doesn’t matter, as long as you’re passionate about it.
She told Time in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions.The drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan, inspired her work to develop a way to detect pollutants and send those results to a mobile phone, she said.
“I was about 10 when I told my parents that I wanted to research carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensor technology at the Denver Water quality research lab, and my mum was like, ‘A what ’” Rao told Time.She said that work “is going to be in our generation’s hands pretty soon”.“So if no one else is gonna do it, I’m gonna do it.”
In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insisted that its pursuit is an act of kindness, the best way that a younger generation can better the world.
“We have science in everything we’re involved in, and I think that’s the biggest thing to put out there, that science is cool, innovation is cool, and anybody can be an innovator,” Rao said.“Anybody can do science.”
(　D　)1.What did Rao think of the award she received
A.It was a mark of social progress.
B.It was a recognition of her work.
C.It was an inspiration to the youth.
D.It was a title beyond her expectation.
(　C　)2.Why would Rao start to pursue science
A.To encourage people to aim high.
B.To pursue her passion for research.
C.To change society for the better.
D.To stop science from being questioned.
(　D　)3.Which word can best describe Rao
A.Cool.
B.Kind.
C.Independent.
D.Creative.
(　A　)4.What’s the purpose of the text
A.To report a young genius.
B.To introduce new inventions.
C.To improve social conditions.
D.To present artificial intelligence.
语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一名年仅15岁的高中生Rao,她利用人工智能开发出应用程序来解决一些社会问题,被《时代》杂志评为有史以来首位“年度儿童”。
1.D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“nothing that I could have ever imagined”可知,Rao从未觉得自己可以获奖,这远远超出了她的预期。
2.C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“She told Time in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions.”可知,Rao追求科学是为了改善社会条件,即让社会变得更好。
3.D　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“created apps”及最后一段中的“science is cool, innovation is cool, and anybody can be an innovator”可知,Rao热爱创新并且追求创新。由此可知,她是一个富有创造力的人。
4.A　【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了年仅15岁的“年度儿童”Rao以及她所作出的贡献,由此推知,本文的目的是报道一个年轻的天才。
B
In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn’t let Internet slang (俚语) deepen the generation gap (代沟), after People’s Daily started a discussion on a Chinese microblog on how to “explain” the youth’s Internet slang terms to parents.The post got 40,000 likes.People were commenting that they couldn’t keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo (术语) in China.
People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic (语言的) trends of Mandarin Chinese, in particular, the gradual taking over of Pinyin, the romanisation of traditional Chinese characters using the Latin alphabet.As Pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers, while fewer and fewer people write characters by hand, people gradually forget how to write them, which is called “character amnesia” in China.
The slang terms of 2019 added a further simplification: the use of Pinyin acronyms.“Awsl” in Pinyin, for instance, means “Ah, wo si le (Oh, I’m gonna die)”, and is used if something is too cute or adorable.“Nsdd” stands for “ni shuo de dui (you’re right)”.
Certainly, as an age-old written language, Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years.But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer.
Acronyms aren’t new.They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell phone messaging.Some of them have become a part of the English language, such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud), while others had a rather short lifetime.That’s likely to be what’s going to happen with China’s Internet slang terms.Some are going to be old in a few weeks, while others might make it into mainstream use, and as they do, young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves.
In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, fosters a sense of unity.Older generations don’t have to feel left out, and certainly don’t have to fear a degradation (没落) of the Chinese language.While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to cause 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight.
(　D　)5.The public are worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse because 　　　.
A.it’s used by children to keep secrets from parents
B.it can cause confusion even among young people
C.it was invented in response to the limited messaging space
D.it will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese
(　A　)6.How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language
A.They add variety to the language.
B.They are replacing its traditional vocabulary.
C.They make the language more global.
D.They only have temporary effects on Chinese.
(　B　)7.By using Internet slang in China, people may get 　　　.
A.a sense of purpose
B.a sense of group identity
C.a sense of cultural pride
D.a sense of safety
(　D　)8.Which could be the best title for the passage
A.Is Media Helping Older Generation Understand Internet Slang
B.Is Chinese Language Too Powerful to Be Largely Affected
C.Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap
D.Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap, Ruining Chinese
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了“网络俚语是否会加剧代沟,毁灭汉语 ”这个观点。
5.D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic (语言的) trends of Mandarin Chinese”可知,中国的网络俚语会对普通话更广泛的语言趋势产生负面影响。由此可知,公众担心网络俚语是因为它很少对汉语的语言发展趋势产生积极的影响。
6.A　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer.”可知,网络用语不太可能取代现有的普通话,而是会通过增加另一层含义来丰富它。由此可知,网络用语对中文的影响是增加了语言的多样性。
7.B　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, fosters a sense of unity.”可知,在中国使用网络俚语可以使这代人更加团结。由此可知,在中国使用网络俚语会使人们获得群体认同感。
8.D　【解析】 标题归纳题。 通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了网络俚语可能会加深人们之间的代沟,毁灭汉语。因此选项D“网络俚语正在加剧代沟,毁灭汉语吗 ”适合作为本文标题。
夯基培优练(二)
(Reading & Thinking)[P34]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.Lucy is a smart girl, whose ideas are always 　inspiring　 (inspire).
2.My sister has come over from the USA to keep me c　ompany　 during my illness.
3.　Surfing　 (surf) the Internet has now become a popular pastime, which can broaden people’s horizons.
4.Children deserve outdoor activities, 　from　 which they can benefit enormously.
5.Orange juice contains much vitamin C and is 　beneficial　 (benefit) to people’s health.
6.Many people think the food 　benefits　 (benefit) us, but actually it is not true.
7.Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be 　accessible　 (access) to the kids.
8.The company is going 　through　 a period of great change, and no one knows if their job is safe.
9.Once you get to know Mark, you’ll find him a very pleasant person 　to chat　 (chat) with, even though he doesn’t look so.
10.I would always keep my 　distance　 (distant) from drinkers on social occasions.
11.Now 　that　 the plan has been worked out, we must carry it out.
12.Rapid agricultural and industrial development p　lus　 huge population has caused great damage to the environment.
13.Whatever the presentation, public speaking is t　ough　, so get help.
14.That is why I encourage you to join me in making a donation to this c　harity　 activity, whether it is $30, $50, $100 or even more.
Ⅱ.短语填空
go through　　　　　　 keep sb company
benefit by/from now that
have no access to surf the Internet
raise/collect money for in the distance
1.Her neighbours often 　keep her company　 in the evening when her parents are away.
2.It remains to be seen how many senior citizens will actually 　benefit by/from　 this new plan.
3.Even today many people in the remote mountainous areas 　have no access to　 free medical treatment.
4.We 　went through　 a period when communications were very difficult in rural areas.
5.As they were wandering around, they noticed a man sitting against a tree 　in the distance　.　
6.　Now that　 you have expressed your determination, you should act.
7.Every year, we have charity days 　to raise/collect money for　 unfortunate people.
8.Recently I have talked with my parents about whether or not I should be allowed 　to surf the Internet　.
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★benefit n.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于 beneficial adj.有益的;有利的;有帮助的
【归纳拓展】
for the benefit of… 为了……的利益
be of benefit to… 对……有益
benefit by/from… 从……中受益
be beneficial to… 对……有益
【即学即练】
(1)这些措施是为了公众的利益而采取的。
These measures are taken 　for the benefit of　 the public.
(2)这种新的教学方法对学生们很有好处。
This new teaching method 　is of great benefit to　 the students.
(3)我们可以从阅读中受益。
We can 　benefit by/from　 reading.
(4)经常锻炼对身体有益。
Regular exercise 　is beneficial to　 health.
2.★access n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入;使用;获取;访问 accessible adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的
【归纳拓展】
have access to…
可以使用;有权进入;有机会接触
access to information 信息获取
give access to… 使能进入;使能接触
be accessible to…
对……来说是可接近的/可进入的/可理解的
【即学即练】
(1)只有经过授权的人员才能进入这个房间。
Only authorised personnel 　have access to　 this room.
(2)在互联网时代,信息获取变得更加容易。
In the Internet age, 　access to　 information has become easier.
(3)这扇门可以让我们进入花园。
This door 　gives access to　 the garden.
(4)这本教材对学生来说很容易理解。
This textbook 　is accessible to　 students.
Ⅳ.重要句型
1.原句:Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
点睛:Much通常用于表示具体内容、数量不详的事物,作主语时,常用被动语态。
【即学即练】
(1)关于环境保护的重要性,已经有了很多讨论。
　Much has been said　 about the importance of environmental protection.
(2)近年来,(我们)在改善教育体系方面已经做了很多工作。
　Much has been done　 to improve the education system in recent years.
2.原句:We can download software, documents and images whenever we need them.
点睛:在该句中whenever引导时间状语从句。
【即学即练】
(1)你有问题的时候,随时可以给我打电话。
You can call me 　whenever you have questions　.
(2)她感到压力大的时候,喜欢去散步。
She likes to go for a walk 　whenever she feels stressed　.
3.原句:Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.
点睛: Now that意为“既然;由于”(通常为众所周知的原因)。
【即学即练】
(1)既然雨停了,我们可以出去野餐了。
　Now that the rain has stopped　, we can go out for a picnic.
(2)由于交通状况改善了,我们可以更快地到达目的地了。
　Now that the traffic has improved　, we can reach our destination faster.
(3)既然他已经康复了,我们就可以放心了。
　Now that he has recovered　, we can rest assured.
Ⅴ.完形填空
Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches computers in the school he works in.I think it is a 　1　 school, except that it didn’t have computers.
Owura became famous after he posted photos of himself on the Internet.In the picture, people could see he was teaching his students by 　2　 an entire computer on the blackboard.The photos showed the 　3　 level of education for children in Ghana.People were 　4　 that Owura made sure each button was drawn correctly.
Owura wanted the students to 　5　 what life with a computer could be like someday.He would come to school half an hour ahead of the 　6　 every day.He drew the computer on the blackboard, but at the end of his class, it was 　7　 to start the next class, so he had to repeat it the next day!
Owura’s efforts were rewarded when a computer company took 　8　 of his act.They first took him to an international educators’ meeting in Singapore.He made a 　9　 about his teaching methods at the meeting.He 　10　 a standing ovation (热烈鼓掌) after the speech.
Importantly, Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some companies 　11　 computers to the school.Not a single child in the 　12　 had seen a real computer in their lives.Thanks to their teacher’s 　13　, the world took notice and responded with kindness to them.
“Your work has really made us feel 　14　 about the world.We believe that educators are heroes.They 　15　 influence the lifelong skills of their students,” said the vice president of the company.　　　
(　C　)1.A.final B.dusty
C.normal D.personal
(　B　)2.A.operating B.drawing
C.describing D.repairing
(　D　)3.A.clear B.high
C.ancient D.poor
(　D　)4.A.worried B.disappointed
C.afraid D.amazed
(　B　)5.A.start B.imagine
C.rebuild D.harm
(　C　)6.A.line B.culture
C.schedule D.judge
(　D　)7.A.put away B.taken away
C.thrown away D.wiped away
(　B　)8.A.care B.notice
C.place D.charge
(　D　)9.A.plan B.medal
C.decision D.speech
(　A　)10.A.received B.replaced
C.decreased D.contained
(　A　)11.A.gave B.sold
C.lent D.applied
(　D　)12.A.company B.nation
C.dynasty D.school
(　A　)13.A.efforts B.pains
C.humour D.doubt
(　B　)14.A.secure B.confident
C.helpless D.foolish
(　C　)15.A.quickly B.briefly
C.directly D.rarely
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加纳的一所贫困学校的学生从没有见过真正的电脑,教师Owura就在黑板上画电脑。他的行为引起了一家计算机公司的注意,后来很多公司给这所学校赠送电脑。这位教师所付出的努力让人们对教育者有了信心。
1.C　【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“except that it didn’t have computers”可知,Owura任教的学校除了没有电脑外,其他条件都和别的学校一样。
2.B　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“He drew the computer on the blackboard…” 可知,Owura是在黑板上画电脑,让学生知道电脑是什么样子的。
3.D　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“except that it didn’t have computers”可知,学校的孩子都没见过真正的电脑,这说明学校的教学条件应该很差。
4.D　【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“Owura made sure each button was drawn correctly”可知,Owura将电脑的每一个按钮都准确无误地画出来了,这是让人惊讶的。
5.B　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文语境可知,因为学校没有电脑,所以学生只能通过黑板上画的电脑来想象。
6.C　【解析】 考查名词。根据空格前的“half an hour ahead”可知,此处指提前半小时到学校,ahead of schedule意为“提前”。
7.D　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据常识可知,因为要上下一堂课,所以黑板上画的电脑要被擦掉,wipe away意为“擦掉”。
8.B　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“Owura’s efforts were rewarded”可知,Owura的努力有了回报,应是一家公司注意到了他的行为,take notice of意为“注意”。
9.D　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“after the speech”可知,空格处指演讲,为原词复现。
10.A　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“a standing ovation”可知,演讲结束后,听众起立鼓掌表示对他的敬意。
11.A　【解析】 考查动词。根据上文中的“Owura’s efforts were rewarded when a computer company took…of his act.”并结合语境可知,学校的教学条件艰苦,此处指一些公司给学校捐赠了电脑。
12.D　【解析】 考查名词。根据上下文语境可知,空格处指学校里的孩子。
13.A　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“Owura’s efforts were rewarded”可知,为了学生能够更好地学习,Owura做出了很多努力。
14.B　【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“We believe that educators are heroes.”可知,Owura为学生的教育所付出的努力,让人们看到了希望,也让人们对世界有了信心。
15.C　【解析】 考查副词。根据上下文语境可知,这家公司认为教育的作用很大,教育者也同理,因此空格处指体现教育者的直接影响力。
Ⅵ.阅读七选五
Nowadays, online learning turns out to be more and more practised.It represents an easy and comfortable method for gaining knowledge in almost every field.　1　 It is therefore especially beneficial to those who can’t go to school for certain reasons.But what are the advantages and disadvantages of online learning
Although many people still consider traditional classes as the best way to attain knowledge, online learning proves to be a useful option.Students have the chance to study in their own time.It is a great way to study many fields and to improve the level of self-motivation.　2　 Then there is more time left for hobbies or other activities.
What else Easy access to all resources of a traditional course helps students learn wherever they are.　3　 Among other advantages of online learning there are the responsibility and self-discipline (自律) of students.
　4　 At school, students learn how to make friends, be patient, get rid of disappointment, and especially to compete.Online learning cannot offer human interaction.Another disadvantage refers to the fact that online courses cannot deal with thousands of students that try to join discussions.
In conclusion, online learning should be seen as a complement (补充) to and extension of classical forms of learning.　5　 Each form of learning has every reason to exist.
A.Online learning reaches more and more people.
B.Online learning is a great alternative to traditional classes.
C.However, only in a small group can a student develop properly.
D.Besides, they are able to attend different courses on the Internet.
E.Even the best online course can’t fully replace face-to-face contact.
F.Online learning is effective as students can make full use of their time.
G.But online learning is also effective for those who can’t focus their attention.
1.　B　　2.　F　　3.　D　
4.　C　　5.　E　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线学习的好处和坏处,交代了在线学习可以作为传统教学方式的补充,但是不能完全代替传统教学。
1.B　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“It is therefore especially beneficial to those who can’t go to school for certain reasons.”可知,空格处会提到在线学习的一个好处,与下文形成因果关系,选项B“在线学习相对于传统课堂是另一个很好的选择”符合语境。
2.F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到在线学习的好处是可以学习不同领域的知识,空格后提到可以腾出更多的时间用来做其他事情,空格处会提到在线学习是高效率的,选项F“在线学习是有效的,因为学生可以充分利用他们的时间”符合语境,与上文形成并列关系,说明在线学习的益处;与下文形成因果关系,高效率才能腾出更多的时间。
3.D　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“Easy access to all resources of a traditional course helps students learn wherever they are.”可知,在线学习可以让学生在任何地方学习,空格处会提到学生参加的网络课程的类型,选项D“此外,他们可以参加不同的网络课程”符合语境。
4.C　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“Online learning cannot offer human interaction…thousands of students that try to join discussions.”可知,本段在介绍在线学习的弊端。选项C中的However与上文讲述在线学习的好处构成转折关系,选项C“然而,只有在一个小群体中,学生才能得到适当的发展”符合语境。
5.E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“In conclusion, online learning should be seen as a complement (补充) to and extension of classical forms of learning.”可知,传统课堂给了学生面对面互动的机会,而在线学习做不到,只能看作传统课堂的补充和延伸,空格处会提到传统课堂的不可替代性,选项E“即使是最好的在线课程也不能完全替代面对面接触的传统教育模式”符合语境。
夯基培优练(三)
(Discovering Useful Structures, Listening & Talking)[P38]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.The old machine 　won’t function　(not function)properly if you don’t oil it regularly.
2.If you book in advance, you can receive an inviting d　iscount　.
3.My friend gave a humorous account 　of　 his trip in Spain.
4.My car broke down halfway, 　accounting　 (account) for my being late for the meeting.
5.The lab results provided 　confirmation　 (confirm) of the theory, which was a breakthrough in the research.
6.The audience reacted 　passively　 (passive) to the speaker’s remarks, showing little enthusiasm.
7.She 　actively　 (active) engages in environmental conservation projects, making a real impact on her community.
Ⅱ.短语填空
It has been confirmed that　 in good shape
keep track of on no account
take sth into account function as
1.On weekdays, one third of the room 　functions as　 workspace.
2.　It has been confirmed that　 another two flights to South Asia have been called off due to the terrible weather.
3.The professor warned the students that 　on no account　 should they use mobile phones in his class.
4.Everything 　taken into account　, her plan seems more practicable.
5.In fact, it must 　keep track of　 the state of each file individually (单个地).
6.The girl gets a sense of satisfaction out of staying 　in good shape　.
Ⅲ.语法突破——现在完成时的被动语态
把下列句子变为被动语态(每空一词)
1.This company has produced a new type of computer recently.
A new type of computer 　has been produced　 by this company recently.
2.They have interviewed several teachers for the job.
Several teachers for the job 　have been interviewed　 by them.　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
“Screen time” is a term used for activities done in front of a screen, such as watching TV, working on a computer, or playing video games.Screen time means that you are being physically inactive while sitting down.Very little energy is used during screen time.
Most American children spend about 3 hours a day watching TV.Added together, all types of screen time can total 5 to 7 hours a day.
Too much screen time can make it hard for children to sleep at night and raise their risk for attention problems, anxiety, and depression.What’s more, it may increase their risk for obesity (肥胖) because:
●Sitting and watching a screen is time that is not spent being physically active.
●TV commercials and other screen ads can lead to unhealthy food choices.Most of the time, the foods in ads that are aimed at kids are high in sugar, salt, or fats.
●Children eat more when they are watching TV, especially if they see ads for food.
Computers can help kids with their schoolwork.But surfing the Internet, spending too much time on social media, or watching videos is considered unhealthy screen time.
Children under age 2 should have no screen time.Limit screen time to 1 to 2 hours a day for children over age 2.Despite what ads may say, videos that are aimed at very young children do not improve their development.
Cutting down to 2 hours a day can be hard for some children, but parents can still do something to improve the situation.Parents can help their children by telling them how sedentary (需要久坐的) activities affect their overall health.Talk to them about things they can do to be healthier.
(　A　)1.What’s the first paragraph mainly about
A.What is screen time.
B.The harm of screen time.
C.The effects of screen time.
D.How to spend screen time.
(　C　)2.How long do most American children spend before the screen every week
A.21 hours.
B.35 hours.
C.35 to 49 hours.
D.38 to 53 hours.
(　D　)3.When children are watching TV, they will 　　　.
A.become thinner
B.become healthier
C.eat less food
D.eat more food
(　D　)4.What will the author most probably talk about next
A.Why screen time is harmful.
B.Why children love screen time.
C.How to make use of screen time.
D.How to reduce children’s screen time.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了何为屏幕时间以及屏幕时间太长对孩子的危害。
1.A　【解析】 段落大意题。通读第一段内容可知,本段主要介绍了“屏幕时间”这一概念。
2.C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,大部分美国小孩每天在屏幕前花费的时间是5—7小时,因此他们一周内在屏幕前花费的时间是35—49小时。
3.D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的第二三点原因可知,当小孩在看电视,尤其是看食品广告时,通常会吃更多食物。
4.D　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,作者认为,减少孩子的屏幕时间虽然很难,但是家长依然可以采取一些措施。由此可知,作者接下来会告诉家长让孩子减少屏幕时间的方法。
B
A study found that among young Danes (丹麦人) who played video games in English, those who did so regularly outside school scored higher on English vocabulary tests than their peers who did not.
“With video games, all of a sudden English becomes an instrument, something that’s very useful for them in order to progress in the game,” says the author of the study, Signe Hannibal Jensen.This changes kids’ focus from “learning to learn”, as in a classical school setting, to “learning to play”.
It makes sense that “the very things that we can’t drag out of students in school are the kinds of things that they’re doing for fun on their own outside school,” says Steven Thorne, a professor of second language acquisition.“You’re sharing an activity.You’re sharing a passion,” he says.
The language learning isn’t only effective in learning English.Fiona Girotti explained how her love of K-pop led her to turn to an online gaming platform she used to learn Korean.She says learning grammar online is tough, and gaming isn’t a direct replacement for in-person instruction.“But you get good at conversations, sentences, and things you can say to anyone,” says Fiona.
And her online language practice is working.When Ms Girotti listens to pop music now, she can understand many words.It’s not really the same as being in class, though.“Of course, classes are structured.When you’re just me, learning independently, you don’t really understand the grammar,” she says.She uses a grammar app on her phone to understand tricky sentences.
Dr Thorne notes that video games are not a perfect solution.“Some gaming environments are very language heavy and language rich.Others don’t really require much language at all,” he says.He warns that gaming isn’t always good, and players can become dependent on games.“But combine a quality, communication-dependent game with the 15-hours-a-week kids spend gaming, and learning will come out of that,” he says.
In the future, video games might become a more practical option among the instruments language learners already use, including phone apps, podcasts, videos, and in-person instruction.Jonathon Reinhardt, the president of Computer-Assisted Language Instruction Consortium (CALICO), says it makes sense that gaming would increasingly enter into more formal classroom settings.“What we’re going to see is a generation who grows up with games and recognises their potential as learning objects,” he says.“They have the skills and the abilities to build these sorts of things.”
(　A　)5.How do video games help learn English according to Signe Hannibal Jensen
A.They can encourage players to learn English.
B.They can help players learn English grammar.
C.They can provide an easy way to learn English.
D.They can improve players’ focus while learning.
(　D　)6.What does Steven Thorne want to say in Paragraph 3
A.Students should take online language courses.
B.Students should do activities independently.
C.Students can hardly have fun at school.
D.Students are willing to learn for fun.
(　C　)7.What can we learn from Fiona Girotti’s example
A.It is not necessary to learn grammar in class.
B.K-pop contributes to foreign language learning.
C.Online gaming can help improve spoken language.
D.Video games can be as efficient as in-person instruction.
(　B　)8.What is Jonathon Reinhardt’s attitude towards video games as a language learning instrument
A.Worried.
B.Confident.
C.Negative.
D.Careful.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了不同人对于通过电子游戏学习英语的看法。一项研究发现,在用英语玩电子游戏的年轻丹麦人中,经常玩电子游戏的人在英语词汇测试中的得分高于没有玩电子游戏的同龄人。
5.A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“all of a sudden English becomes an instrument…in the game”可知,Signe Hannibal Jensen认为,当英语变成了让游戏通关的工具时,游戏就能鼓励玩家学习英语。
6.D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the very things that we can’t drag out of students in school are the kinds of things…doing for fun on their own outside school”可知,Steven Thorne 在第三段中想表达的是:学生愿意为乐趣而学习。
7.C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But you get good at conversations…and things you can say to anyone”可知,从Fiona Girotti的例子中,我们可以了解到网络游戏有助于提高口语。
8.B　【解析】 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“…it makes sense that gaming would increasingly enter into more formal classroom settings.‘What we’re…recognises their potential as learning objects,’ he says.”可知,Jonathon Reinhardt对电子游戏成为一种语言学习工具是有信心的。
夯基培优练(四)
(Reading for Writing)　[P41]　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Have you wondered what your pets are feeling When your dog wags (摇动) its tail, does that mean it is happy A new app called Happy Pets can tell you what’s going on.
The app uses artificial intelligence (AI) to analyse the facial expressions of cats and dogs.Then it can tell you what breed (品种) your pet is and how it is feeling.It can show the five most common feelings—happy, angry, neutral, sad and scared.
Researchers in Australia developed the app.The key technology used in the app is facial recognition, a common use of AI.We can unlock our mobile phones or enter train stations with facial recognition readers.But this is the first time that the tech has been used with animals.
The app’s AI was first taught to recognise a picture of an animal.Then, it was taught to recognise the facial features of cats and dogs.Next came the most important step—teaching it to detect (察觉) emotions based on certain facial features.For instance, if a dog tightens up its eyes and mouth while changing the position of its ears, this means the dog is scared.To master this skill, the AI programme “saw” and “read” thousands of example images.
How accurate are the results The researchers think they are trustworthy since the app has been tested many times.Interestingly, they have found that cats are harder to read than dogs.In the future, the app might also be able to analyse a pet’s body to make its readings more accurate.
(　B　)1.What is the app Happy Pets used to do
A.To make pets happy.
B.To tell us how the pets are feeling.
C.To recognise an animal’s picture.
D.To unlock our mobile phones.
(　D　)2.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.What emotions the app can recognise.
B.What certain facial features mean.
C.How people use the app.
D.How the app’s AI was trained.
(　C　)3.What can we infer about the app Happy Pets
A.It has been used with animals for a long time.
B.It works harder on dogs than cats.
C.It uses facial recognition technology.
D.It can analyse a pet’s body.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Happy Pets这款软件的原理、功能等基本信息。
1.B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Then it can tell you what breed (品种) your pet is and how it is feeling.”可知,这款软件可以识别出宠物的种类及它的感受。
2.D　【解析】 段落大意题。通读第四段内容可知,本段主要介绍了这款软件中的AI是如何被训练出来的。
3.C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The key technology used in the app is facial recognition, a common use of AI…But this is the first time that the tech has been used with animals.”可知,这款软件使用的关键技术是面部识别,这种技术是第一次用于动物的面部识别。
B
Do you spend too much time playing video or computer games or going online Here are some ways to tell if you need to ask for help:
●You feel really happy when you’re online or when you’re playing games, but as soon as you have to stop, you get angry or upset.
●You think about going online or playing when you should focus on other things, like doing schoolwork or having dinner with your family.
●You spend more time with your keyboard or controller than physically hanging out with your friends.
●You get up in the middle of the night to check your email or your social media comments because you’re having a hard time sleeping.
If you think there might be a problem, there probably is.And you certainly wouldn’t be the first.Some experts say as many as 10 percent of all people who use the Internet or play video games are addicted to them.
It’s a tough habit to kick.It’s not like you can just stop using the computer altogether.You need it for school and to stay in touch with your friends.The best thing to do is to talk to someone you trust.Maybe it’s your mum or dad, an elder brother or sister, or a good friend who cares about you.Tell them you’re worried about being addicted and you need their help.
Chances are, the games aren’t the real problem.You may be using the computer to avoid doing things you don’t want to do or considering things that are bothering you.Sometimes that’s okay—grown-ups do it, too.But when it’s keeping you from sleeping, or causing you to be angry with the people who love you, there’s a better way.
(　D　)4.The writer offers four ways in the text to tell us 　　　.
A.how to deal with Internet addiction
B.the Internet can do great harm to us
C.the Internet and games are very popular
D.how to know if we’re addicted to the Internet
(　A　)5.How many Internet users are addicted to it
A.10%. B.20%.
C.30%. D.40%.
(　D　)6.To deal with Internet addiction, we’d better 　　　.
A.do more sports
B.make more friends
C.stop using the computer
D.talk to our family members
(　B　)7.What do we learn from the last paragraph
A.The games are what’s really bothering us.
B.We use computers to escape from reality.
C.Children are usually lazier than grown-ups.
D.We needn’t take Internet addiction seriously.
语篇解读: 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着计算机和网络的普及,越来越多的青少年沉迷于网络而不能自拔,还介绍了网瘾的一些常见症状,并告诉我们应该如何应对此类问题。
4.D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,作者提出了四种判断“你”是否需要帮助的方法,其目的是告诉我们如何判断自己是否有网瘾。
5.A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“as many as 10 percent…are addicted to them”可知,有10%的网络用户对网络上瘾。
6.D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The best thing to do is to talk to someone you trust…who cares about you.”可知,作者认为应对网瘾的最佳办法是告诉自己信任的人,比如亲人和朋友,然后向他们寻求帮助。
7.B　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“You may be using the computer to avoid doing things you don’t want to do or considering things that are bothering you.”可知,真正困扰我们的可能并不是网络或游戏本身,而是我们想逃避生活中那些我们不愿意面对的事。
Ⅱ.书面表达
回应博客
文体感知
概念:回应博客的文章属于应用文,它通常就某一问题发表自己的观点, 体现了个性化的交流。文章通常以陈述句居多, 也会采用疑问句和感叹句来表达强烈的情感。
内容安排:
文章通常采用三段式。
第一段:提出自己的观点。
第二段:用举例等方式阐述理由。
第三段:提出自己的建议。
【素材】
假定你是李华,你在一位名叫TigerMum的学生家长的博客上看到以下内容。 请你根据博客内容、写作要点来回复这位家长。
I’m the mother of a fourteen-year-old girl.I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students, or get punished in one way or another.She has been doing very well in school, but some of my friends keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her.Am I wrong
要点如下:
1.表明自己的观点;
2.陈述自己的理由;
3.提出建议(至少2条)。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁 　应用文　
话题 　回应博客　
时态 　一般现在时　
人称 　第二人称和第三人称为主　
【词汇】
1.允许某人做某事 　allow sb to do sth　
2.绝不 　by no means　
3.采纳……的建议 　take one’s advice　
4.犯错 　make mistakes　
【句式】
亮点句式
开头:
☆ Recently, the issue of…has sparked widespread concern.
☆ Nowadays, …has become a challenge we must confront.
☆ It is widely believed that…/It is a widely held belief that…
引出不同观点:
☆ People’s opinions on…vary widely.Some argue that…, while others maintain that…
☆ Attitudes towards…differ from person to person.
☆ Different people hold divergent views on…
结尾:
☆ Taking all these factors into consideration, we can reasonably conclude that…
☆ Hence/Therefore, it is logical to conclude that…
☆ Undoubtedly, …has both advantages and disadvantages.
提出建议:
☆ It is high time we put an end to…
☆ It would be advisable to place special emphasis on…
☆ There is no doubt that significant attention must be given to the issue of…
完成句子
1.事实上,让你困惑的事情也是世界上很多家长所困惑的。
　What puzzles you　 is, in fact, a common concern for many parents around the world.(名词性从句)
2.我的观点是你那么做不对。
My view is 　that　 it is not entirely appropriate for you to act that way.(表语从句)
3.虽然高分是评价学生和决定其未来大学录取的一个重要因素,但智慧、情感、健康和生活态度等方面的发展也不容忽视。
　Although high grades are a crucial factor　 in evaluating students and determining their future university admission, 　development in wisdom, emotion, health, and life attitude　 should never be overlooked.(让步状语从句)
4.原因在于父母的压力让他们几乎没有时间参加其他活动。
　The reason often lies in the fact that　 the pressure from their parents leaves them with almost no time for other activities.(表语从句)
【妙笔成篇】
Hi, TigerMum,
What puzzles you is, in fact, a common concern for many parents around the world.My view is that it is not entirely appropriate for you to act that way.
Although high grades are a crucial factor in evaluating students and determining their future university admission, development in wisdom, emotion, health, and life attitude should never be overlooked.There are numerous examples around us.Some straight-A students in school have turned out to be less successful in society than expected.The reason often lies in the fact that the pressure from their parents leaves them with almost no time for other activities.Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to foster their mental and physical growth.
Therefore, I suggest that you take your friends’ advice.More importantly, let her live like a lively girl; allow her to have more friends and social activities; and permit her to make her own mistakes, as we teenagers often do.
核心素养提升 [P44]
(单元复习)
Ⅰ.词汇类记
1.go+prep./adv.→动词短语
go against→　违背　
go by→　时间流逝;经过　
go over→　仔细检查　
go through→　经历;度过;通读　
go ahead→　着手做;前进;进行　
2.adj.+-ity→n.
curious→　curiosity　 n.好奇心
familiar→　familiarity　 n.熟悉
similar→　similarity　 n.相似性
possible→　possibility　 n.可能性
responsible→　responsibility　 n.责任
3.dis-+v.→v.
count→　discount　 v.打折
cover→　discover　 v.发现
appear→　disappear　 v.消失
close→　disclose　 v.揭露
agree→　disagree　 v.不同意
4.adj.+-ce→n.
convenient→　convenience　 n.方便
distant→　distance　 n.距离
important→　importance　 n.重要
violent→　violence　 n.暴力
confident→　confidence　 n.信心
5.n.+n.→n.(复合名词)
guide+line→guideline n.　准则;指导原则　
net+work→network n.　(互联)网络;网状系统;人际网　
data+base→database n.　数据库;资料库　
work+shop→workshop n.　车间;作坊　
Ⅱ.语境检测
1.In the following chapter, cases will be introduced to readers 　where　 consumer complaints have resulted in changes in law.
2.We will hold our next meeting at your 　convenience　 (convenient), Mr Black.
3.Not only was I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university 　to update　 (update) my skills.
4.The corridor (走廊) was so narrow that I had to 　press　 myself against the wall to let them pass.
5.The student 　benefited　 (benefit) from the training so much that he was awarded the first prize in the game.
6.Now 　that　 you’ve finished the work, you deserve a good rest.
7.—When does your plane take off
—At 3:00 p.m.tomorrow.I’ve just called the airport 　to confirm　 (confirm) it.
8.These goods will be sold 　at　 a discount of 10%.
Ⅲ.重要短语
用含有case的短语完成句子
1.Please take an umbrella with you 　in case (that)　 it rains.
2.Please take an umbrella with you 　in case of　 a rain.
3.We have to go past your house 　in any case　, so we will take you home.
4.You don’t like the job.　In that case　, why don’t you quit it
Ⅳ.一句多译
1.他命令工作要在周一之前完成。
(1)He ordered that the work 　(should) be finished　 (finish) before Monday.
(2)It 　was ordered　 (order)that the work 　(should) be finished　 (finish) before Monday.
(3)His order was 　that　 the work 　(should) be finished　 (finish) before Monday.
(4)He made 　an　 order that the work 　(should) be finished　 (finish) before Monday.
2.他要求(request)房子使用以后要打扫干净。
(1)　He requested that the house (should) be cleaned after being used.　
(2)　It was requested that the house (should) be cleaned after being used.　
(3)　His request was that the house (should) be cleaned after being used.　
(4)　He made a request that the house (should) be cleaned after being used.　
Ⅴ.单元语法精练——现在完成时的被动语态
1.In the last few years thousands of films 　have been produced　 (produce) all over the world.
2.A number of high buildings 　have been built　 (build) in his hometown since he left there.
3.His sister left home in 1998, and 　hasn’t been heard　 (not hear) of since then.
4.Two thirds of the region 　has been destroyed　 (destroy) in the past decade.
5.In recent years many football clubs 　have been run　 (run) as business to make a profit.
6.I want to buy this kind of cloth because I 　have been told　 (tell) that the cloth washes well.
Ⅵ.语法填空
Throughout history, humans have had an urge (欲望) to make social connections.Making friends 　1　 (be) something that most people do 　2　 (natural) when meeting people through family and friends.In addition, the Internet has introduced a new meeting place—the social networking site (SNS).
A SNS in the United States, which has attracted over 100 million users, is one of 　3　 largest social networking sites.Unlike some sites that require a special 　4　 (invite) to join, it is open to everyone over the age of 14.Users create their own profile page.They can decide whether they want to make their profile available only to friends 　5　 to all users.
Many people prefer using SNS 　6　 (stay) in touch with friends and meet new people.Instead of 　7　 (ask) for a phone number or email address, asking for someone’s profile is becoming a much more popular question.For many, these sites have made a positive difference in their lives by widening their social circles.However, some people have found social networking sites carry some 　8　 (risk).There are stories of bosses offering a job and then changing their mind after checking the person’s 　9　 (person) profile on the Internet.So 　10　 is important to think about the type of information you include on your profile page.
1.　is　　　　　 2.　naturally　
3.　the　 4.　invitation　
5.　or　 6.　to stay　
7.　asking　 8.　risks　
9.　personal　 10.　it　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当下人们通过各类社交网站进行社交,以及利用这些社交网站进行社交的利弊。文章提醒人们利用社交平台进行社交时要注意它们存在的风险并且保护好自己的隐私。
1.is　【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文可知,此处应用一般现在时;又因主语是动名词短语Making friends,根据主谓一致原则,谓语动词应用单数形式,故填is。
2.naturally　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰动词do,应使用natural的副词形式naturally作状语。
3.the　【解析】 考查冠词。one of the+adj.最高级+可数名词复数意为“最……的……之一”,为固定搭配。
4.invitation　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格前有不定冠词a及形容词special修饰,应使用invite的名词形式invitation作require的宾语。
5.or　【解析】 考查连词。句意:他们可以决定他们的简介是只对朋友可见还是对所有用户可见。whether…or…意为“是……还是……”,为固定搭配。
6.to stay　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词为prefer,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;stay与主语people构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。
7.asking　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处作介词of的宾语,应使用动词-ing形式作宾语。
8.risks　【解析】 考查名词单复数。空格处意为“风险”,表示具体的风险时,risk为可数名词,其前有some修饰,表示“一些风险”,应使用名词复数形式。
9.personal　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰名词profile,应使用形容词形式personal作profile的定语。
10.it　【解析】 考查代词。分析句子结构可知,空格处在句中作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的动词不定式,应使用it作形式主语。

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