资源简介

Unit 4　History and Traditions
夯基培优练(一)
(Listening & Speaking)[P46]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.A person without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree 　without　 roots.
2.They got into a 　philosophical　 (philosophy) debate about what it means for something to be “natural”.
3.Many of them are d　escendants　 of the original settlers.
4.She wore a black skirt, high 　heeled　 (heel) black boots and a black jacket.
5.Surrounded by historical 　mansions　 (宅第) and natural beauty, Shichahai is an attractive scenic area in Beijing.
6.Tom is in a foggy 　cemetery　 (墓地) when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him.　
7.C　onfucius　, the great thinker, contributed to the development of China’s education and culture.
8.She accused the press photographers of violating her 　privacy　 (隐私).
Ⅱ.短语填空
search for　　　 　 lead to
adapt to take part in
under pressure be similar to
pull one’s leg hold on
now that all over the world
1.Ms Lin suggested that he 　(should) take part in　 the reading competition.
2.Table tennis is so interesting a game that people 　all over the world　 play it.
3.All the police went out 　to search for　 the missing boy.
4.All these changes will 　lead to　 a stronger and more powerful China, a country that can surprise and enrich our planet.
5.Fortunately, the trapped people managed to 　hold on　 until the rescuers arrived.
6.A foreigner’s impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a hurry—often 　under pressure　.
7.It is with your generous help that I will 　adapt to　 the college life as soon as possible.
8.Strangely enough, her ideas 　are　 quite 　similar to　 mine.
9.I haven’t won the contest, have I You’re 　pulling my leg　.
10.　Now that　 Mr Smith is well again, he can go on with his work.
Ⅲ.核心词汇
★philosophy n.哲学 philosopher n.哲学家 philosophical adj.哲学(上)的;冷静的;达观的
【归纳拓展】
be philosophical about sth 对……达观
moral philosophy 伦理学
ancient philosophy 古代哲学
philosophy of life 人生哲学
business philosophy 经营理念
【即学即练】
1.正如一位哲学家所说,幸福的秘诀在于保持乐观。
As a 　philosopher　 remarks, the secret of happiness is to stay optimistic.
2.他对古代哲学有着浓厚的兴趣。
He has a strong interest in 　ancient philosophy　.
3.我们需要学习伦理学来明辨是非。
We need to study 　moral philosophy　 to distinguish right from wrong.
4.她的人生哲学是积极向上的。
　Her philosophy of life　 is positive.
5.这家公司的经营理念是以客户为中心。
The company’s 　business philosophy　 is customer-centred.
6.他对失败抱着达观的态度。
He 　is philosophical about　 his failure.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
After Columbus set foot in the “New World” in 1492, many European countries wanted to rule different parts of North America.Great Britain, France, and Spain controlled almost the entire continent.
Great Britain had thirteen colonies (殖民地) along the east coast, where most settlers lived.France—Great Britain’s great rival—had the largest area of land, north and west of the colonies.But not many settlers lived there.Same with Spain—it had a bigger chunk of land than Great Britain but with far fewer people.
A young man named George Washington served in the British army, fighting against the French.Most American colonists wanted Great Britain to win the war with France.And, after many years, the British did.Great Britain doubled the area of land it controlled.During the war, many British soldiers were sent to America to fight.That had been very costly.King George Ⅲ had to borrow massive amounts of money from other countries.
After winning the war, King George Ⅲ had to pay back what he owed.In the king’s mind, he had been defending the American colonies against the French.So he expected the colonies to help with the war debt.This angered people in America.It wasn’t the colonists’ idea to start the war.It had been fought because the king wanted more land.So why should Americans have to pay King George Ⅲ didn’t listen to that argument.The British government—called Parliament—taxed the American colonists heavily to pay for the war debts.
(　D　)1.What happened to North America after 1492
A.It was controlled by four countries.
B.France controlled the most colonies.
C.Spain controlled the largest area of land.
D.Great Britain controlled the most settlers.
(　B　)2.Which European country had the most settlers in North America during this period
A.France.
B.Great Britain.
C.Spain.
D.Portugal.
(　D　)3.What’s the result of the French and Indian War
A.India lost some land.
B.America got freedom.
C.France won a lot of land.
D.Great Britain fell into debt.
(　C　)4.What made people in America angry according to the last paragraph
A.King George Ⅲ’s war debt.
B.King George Ⅲ’s new policies.
C.King George Ⅲ’s raising taxes.
D.King George Ⅲ’s borrowing money.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自1492年哥伦布发现“新大陆”后,英国、法国及西班牙等欧洲国家对美洲大陆的争夺之战。
1.D　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,英国在北美东部沿海有13个殖民地,绝大部分殖民者都生活在这里。法国和西班牙所占土地面积都很大,其中法国最大,但是并没有太多殖民者居住在那里。
2.B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Great Britain had thirteen colonies (殖民地) along the east coast, where most settlers lived.”可知,英国在东海岸有13个殖民地,那里居住着最多的殖民者。
3.D　【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“King Greorge Ⅲ had to borrow massive amounts of money from other countries.”及最后一段中的“After winning the war, King Greorge Ⅲ had to pay back what he owed.”可知,这场战争虽然是英国获胜,但是英国也因此负债累累。
4.C　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The British government—called Parliament—taxed the American colonists heavily to pay for the war debts.”可知,为了偿还战争债务,英国国王乔治三世向北美人民征收高额税收,这使得当地人民非常愤怒。
Ⅴ.完形填空
There are too many fat people in America, so many Americans are fighting against overweight.But the 　1　 thing is that the French, who consume rich food, 　2　 to stay thin.Now a 　3　 suggests 　4　 lifestyle and decisions about eating may affect weight.Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel 　5　.However, Americans tend to stop when their 　6　 are empty or their favourite TV show is over.
According to a health expert, the French see eating 　7　 an important part of their lifestyle.They enjoy food and therefore spend a 　8　 time at the table, while Americans see eating as 　9　 to be squeezed between the other daily activities.The expert believes Americans 　10　 the ability to sense when they are actually full.So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped.In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and 　11　 foods for the week.The French, 　12　 tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets where they have a(n) 　13　 of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent lifestyle 　14　 may be affecting French eating habits.Today the rate of obesity (肥胖)—or extreme overweight—among adults, is only 6%.However, as American fast food gains 　15　 and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.
(　C　)1.A.present B.natural
C.strange D.modern
(　A　)2.A.continue B.move
C.try D.expand
(　A　)3.A.research B.novel
C.book D.newspaper
(　C　)4.A.that B.what
C.how D.when
(　D　)5.A.sensitive B.sad
C.happy D.full
(　D　)6.A.pockets B.refrigerators
C.houses D.plates
(　B　)7.A.into B.as
C.inside D.to
(　A　)8.A.fairly long B.fairly short
C.very exciting D.rather fast
(　B　)9.A.anything B.something
C.everything D.nothing
(　C　)10.A.get B.bring
C.lose D.receive
(　D　)11.A.hot B.cool
C.warm D.frozen
(　B　)12.A.therefore B.instead
C.however D.merely
(　A　)13.A.choice B.message
C.opinion D.number
(　C　)14.A.examples B.traditions
C.changes D.stories
(　C　)15.A.failure B.success
C.acceptance D.rejection
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“同吃油腻食品,美国人肥胖率极高而法国人则不然”这一奇怪的现象及其背后的原因,并就未来的变化进行了讨论和预测。
1.C　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“There are too many fat people in America”及下文中的“the French, who consume rich food…to stay thin”可知,美国人喜欢吃油腻食品,肥胖率也很高,而这事到了法国人这里却不成立,这一现象很奇怪。
2.A　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“to stay thin”可知,法国人吃了油腻食品之后,不会变胖,而是继续保持苗条的身材。
3.A　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“Researchers conclude that”可知,能揭示科学规律的活动应是研究。
4.C　【解析】 考查连词。根据上下文语境可知,此处指生活方式和饮食选择这两个因素是如何影响体重的,空格处引导宾语从句,应使用表示方式的连接副词。
5.D　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“French tend to stop eating”及常识可知,此处是将美国人和法国人进行对比,法国人会主观上感到饱了并停止进食。
6.D　【解析】 考查名词。根据空格后的“empty”并结合语境可知,只有外部客观条件才会迫使美国人停止进食,这里的客观条件之一是盘子空了。
7.B　【解析】 考查介词。句意:按照一名健康专家的看法,法国人把饮食视作生活格调的重要部分。结合句意可知,此处表述的是法国人把饮食视作生活的一个重要部分,see…as…意为“视……为……”。
8.A　【解析】 考查形容词短语。根据上文中的“They enjoy food and therefore…”可知,法国人是把吃饭当作一件享受的事情,因此在餐桌上花的时间也会是相当长的。
9.B　【解析】 考查代词。根据空格后的“to be squeezed between the other daily activities”可知,空格处指美国人把吃饭视作一件要在其他日常活动中挤出时间来完成的事,这里强调的是美国人并没有像法国人那样把吃饭当作一件很重要的事情。
10.C　【解析】 考查动词。根据上下文语境可知,专家认为美国人不知饱,盘子空了或是电视节目结束了才知道停下,此处指他们失去了感知能力。
11.D　【解析】 考查形容词。根据空格后的“foods for the week”可知,此处指去超市买便于储存的食品即那些罐头食品、冷冻食品。
12.B　【解析】 考查副词。根据空格后的“tend to shop daily”及上文语境可知,空格处指美国人和法国人的购物习惯相反,法国人倾向于日常出去购物,走去小商店或者农贸市场购买新鲜的食物。
13.A　【解析】 考查名词。根据空格后的“fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal”可知,空格处指他们有新鲜的食物可供选择。
14.C　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文语境可知,快餐正被法国人认可、接受,法国儿童肥胖率正急剧上升,这是一种生活方式的变化。
15.C　【解析】 考查名词。句意:然而,随着美国快餐获得认可,年轻人又拒绝以前的传统(生活方式),法国儿童的肥胖率已经达到17%,并且还在上升。此处强调的是快餐被法国消费者认可、接受,而不是强调快餐在商业上的成功。gain acceptance一般指获得消费者、顾客的认可、接受,此处表明快餐进入了(法国的)市场。
夯基培优练(二)
(Reading & Thinking)[P49]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.Some years ago, the group 　to　 which this fast-food chain belonged was taken over by another company.
2.A sense of 　belonging　 (belong) is one of humanity’s most basic needs.
3.What the treaty aims to do is to prevent the commercial and 　military　 (军事的) use of the continent.
4.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages 　to conquer　 (conquer) other parts of the world.
5.A desk dictionary is medium-sized, generally containing over 170,000 entries as well 　as　 extra features.
6.The company sought l　egal　 advice to ensure that the contract complied with all relevant regulations.
7.The detective found crucial 　evidence　 (evident) at the crime scene, which helped solve the case.
8.The ancient 　kingdom　 (king) was known for its rich culture and advanced architecture.
Ⅱ.短语填空
break away from　 be surrounded by
as well as keep one’s eyes open (for)
result in refer to as…
belong to be known as
leave behind date back to
1.The movie star 　as well as　 a lot of fans was photographed a lot by TV stations and newspapers.
2.After the American Revolutionary War broke out, Americans were trying every means to 　break away from　 the rule of the United Kingdom.
3.She was sitting on the cold, wooden floor 　surrounded by　 books.
4.We might 　keep our eyes open for　 any large or colourful spider.
5.According to the Chinese Zodiac, 　known as　 Shengxiao, one animal represents each year, so totally 12 animals symbolise 12 years.
6.My family has a vase, which is said 　to date back to　 the Ming Dynasty.
7.I learnt that shouting and threats of punishment would 　result in　 a disaster.
8.Smoking is usually 　referred to as　 a bad habit.
9.Tourists are reminded to take all items 　belonging to　 them before leaving the hotel.
10.When you go camping, please do not 　leave behind　 any trash.
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★surround vt.围绕;包围;围住 surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 surroundings n.环境;周围的事物
【归纳拓展】
be surrounded by/with…
被……包围;四周环绕着……
surround oneself with… 和……在一起;使自己身边总有……(常指人或物)
【即学即练】
(1)新的工作环境让他感到很舒适。
The new 　surroundings　 made him feel very comfortable.
(2)我们应该爱护周围的环境。
We should take good care of the 　surrounding environment　.
(3)这座小城被青山绿水包围着。
The small town 　is surrounded by/with　 green mountains and clear waters.
(4)他总是让自己身边围绕着积极向上的朋友。
He always 　surrounds himself with　 positive friends.
2.★battle n.战役;搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗;奋斗
【归纳拓展】
battle for 为……而奋斗
battle against 与……斗争(一般用于与外在的敌人、疾病、挑战等斗争)
battle with 与……搏斗(释义同battle against,但可用于内心的斗争)
lose/win the battle but win/lose the war
输掉/赢了战斗但赢得/输掉战争(比喻局部失利但整体胜利或相反的意思)
【即学即练】
(1)他正在与疾病作斗争。
He is 　battling against　 illness.
(2)他们为自由而奋斗。
They are 　battling for　 freedom.
(3)虽然我们输掉了这场比赛,但最终赢得了冠军。
We 　lost the battle but won the war　 by eventually winning the championship.
(4)她正在与自己的恐惧搏斗。
She is 　battling with her own fears　.
Ⅳ.重要句型
1.原句:So what is the difference between them, if any
点睛:本句使用“if any”表示“如果有的话”,用于委婉地提出疑问或假设。
【即学即练】
(1)如果有的话,你能告诉我这本书的优点吗
　Can you tell me the advantages of this book, if any 　
(2)如果有的话,他们之间的共同点是什么
　What are the similarities between them, if any 　
2.原句:They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
点睛: 本句中分词短语“known as the Union Jack”作后置定语,修饰前面的名词“flag”,相当于一个非限制性定语从句(which is known as the Union Jack)。
【即学即练】
(1)他买了一本非常有趣的书,是一位著名作家撰写的,讲述的是关于冒险的故事。
He bought a very interesting book, 　written by a famous author　, which tells stories about adventure.
(2)这座历史悠久的城堡,建于中世纪,吸引了来自世界各地的游客。
The historic castle, 　built in the Middle Ages　, attracts tourists from all over the world.
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
A Whale of a Time
The annual whale festival in Hermanus, South Africa, kicks off today.The coastal town, located on the Western Cape about 1.5 hours from Cape Town, is well-known for whale watching.It is one of the best locations in the world to witness the migration of southern right whales.The festival, which is the only eco-arts festival in South Africa, attracts upward of 130,000 visitors.
Hermanus also takes pride in the world’s only “Whale Crier”.His job is to go around and herald the whereabouts of whales to everyone—with his horn (喇叭).Fortunately, the timing of the festival almost guarantees a whale sighting—as close as a few metres from shore!
The whales are, of course, the main attraction of the festival, but many more terrific activities are available.The seaside environment, with the mountains as a backdrop, makes an ideal setting to enjoy the festival’s musical performances and fantastic seafood.For those who desire more adventure, there’s open water swimming, a night run and sports challenges.And there are other festivities and entertainment for kids. With something for everyone, what more could one ask for
(　C　)1.What’s the main attraction of the whale festival in Hermanus
A.Whale criers.
B.Coastal landscape.
C.Whale watching.
D.Migration of fish.
(　B　)2.What does “herald” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Prove. B.Signal.
C.Choose. D.Arrange.
(　A　)3.What might an adventure lover prefer
A.A night run.
B.Fantastic seafood.
C.Musical performance.
D.Seaside environment.
(　B　)4.The underlined sentence tells us in the whale festival 　　　.
A.nothing can be expected
B.everyone can enjoy themselves
C.everyone can ask for more
D.more fun can be expected
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南非赫曼努斯一年一度的鲸节以及这个节日中的特色活动。
1.C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The coastal town…is well-known for whale watching.” 可知,赫曼努斯一年一度的鲸节以赏鲸闻名,最吸引人的活动就是赏鲸。
2.B　【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知,句中的“His”指代上文提到的“Whale Crier”,由此可知,报鲸人应该是用号角告知每个人鲸出现的地方。“signal”意为“标志;表明”,符合句意和报鲸人的工作内容。
3.A　【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“For those who desire more adventure, there’s open water swimming, a night run and sports challenges.”可知,对于想要冒险的人来说,这里也有很多活动,比如在公开水域游泳、参加夜间跑步和体育挑战,由此可知,喜欢冒险的人会喜欢夜间跑步。
4.B　【解析】 推理判断题。根据上文语境可知,赫曼努斯的鲸节除了可以赏鲸、欣赏音乐表演和品尝美味海鲜等活动之外,也有适合冒险爱好者和孩子的活动。由此可知,画线句想表达的是“对每个人来说,都可以在赫曼努斯的鲸节上玩得很愉快”。
B
The key to understanding British humour is knowing not to take yourself too seriously.Our humour is to highlight our own mistakes.We make light of our failures so as to appear more approachable.There is no room for egos in British humour.Embarrassing moments are all well-established material with which to laugh at ourselves.
Example: “I couldn’t run a bath, let alone this race.I make snails look speedy.”
Brits are famous for being very, very polite, but a clear sign that a Brit likes you is if they happily “offend (冒犯)” you with the occasional tongue-in-cheek comment.They are delivered with a smiling face and no apology.It can be used to make light of differences with new friends in an attempt to spark conversation.
A vital aspect of mastering British humour is judging what the people you are with find funny.A tongue-in-cheek comment is not always appropriate.It’s all about making your humour suit the occasion and place.
Example: “I can’t be friends with someone who doesn’t drink tea!”
Brits use humour to lighten even the most unfortunate, miserable moments.There are few subjects we don’t joke about.It’s not used to shock and offend but rather because Brits turn to laughter as a form of medicine when life knocks them and those around them down.Misfortune and failure are commonplace in British comedy—provided the jokes are in good taste.In most cultures, there is a time and place for humour.In Britain, this is not the case.
Example: “I tripped and fell over in front of everyone but at least I didn’t embarrass myself!”
Despite Britain’s reputation as a rather serious place, humour really is common among Brits—we are always looking to spice up our day by making the best of each funny moment.
(　B　)5.What’s the key of British humour
A.Telling funny jokes.
B.Making fun of oneself.
C.Finding others’ mistakes.
D.Maintaining one’s dignity.
(　B　)6.When a Brit makes a tongue-in-cheek comment on you, he/she 　　　.
A.laughs at you
B.is friendly to you
C.tries to please you
D.shows interest in you
(　D　)7.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 6
A.The secrets of British humour.
B.The problems with British humour.
C.The great benefits of British humour.
D.The wide coverage of British humour.
(　C　)8.What does the underlined phrase “spice up” in the last paragraph probably mean
A.To make something valuable.
B.To make something important.
C.To make something interesting.
D.To make something unforgettable.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人一般给人以严肃呆板的形象,但其实他们也有幽默的一面。
5.B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The key to understanding British humour is knowing not to take yourself too seriously.Our humour is to highlight our own mistakes.”可知,英国人幽默的核心是自嘲,也就是别把自己太当回事。
6.B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…a clear sign that a Brit likes you is if they happily ‘offend (冒犯)’ you with the occasional tongue-in-cheek comment”可知,当一个英国人真正喜欢你时,才会对你使用半开玩笑式的评论,表明他们是友好的。
7.D　【解析】 段落大意题。通读第六段内容可知,本段主要讲述了英国人的幽默无处不在,他们对任何事都会开玩笑。
8.C　【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段落可知,幽默在英国人的生活中非常常见,他们善于捕捉和利用每一个有趣的时刻。他们这样做显然是为了给生活增添趣味。
夯基培优练(三)
(Discovering Useful Structures, Listening & Talking)[P53]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.The man they arrested last night has been charged 　with　 murder.
2.In Chinese culture, dragons are 　generous　 (generosity) and wise, although they can be unpredictable.
3.The 　announcer　 made an 　announcement　 that all the details should 　be announced　 through the broadcast.(announce)
4.It has put me in a position 　where　 I can’t afford to take the job.
5.Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening 　approaching　 (approach).
6.She was too nervous to speak with so many eyes 　fixed　 (fix) on her.
Ⅱ.短语填空
take charge of　 be generous in (doing sth)
in the charge of a large amount of
be eager for it is announced that…
attend to fix one’s eyes on
1.She 　is generous in　 giving help, never hesitating to offer support to those in need.
2.A new manager will come to 　take charge of　 this company, which was 　in the charge of　 Mr Wang.
3.At the end of the school sports meeting, 　it was announced that　 Class One had won the relay race.
4.He has spent 　a large amount of　 time and money travelling around the world, as he enjoys adventures.
5.We’re faced with a severe situation where we have to give up what we 　are eager for　 most.
6.　Fix our eyes on　 the road and we will be much safer.
7.Occupying herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to 　attend to　 her children.
Ⅲ.语法突破——过去分词作定语或宾语补足语
过去分词作定语
1.The novel 　written　 (write) by him is very popular.
翻译:　他写的小说非常受欢迎。　
定语从句:　The novel which was written by him is very popular.　
2.The student 　dressed　 (dress) in white is my sister.
翻译:　那个穿白色衣服的学生是我的妹妹。　
定语从句:　The student who is dressed in white is my sister.　
过去分词作宾语补足语
1.When I came in, I saw a strange girl 　seated　 (seat) in the corner.
2.Yesterday I had my hair 　cut　 (cut).
3.On his way home he found a wallet 　lying　 (lie) on the ground.
4.If a cook was found 　smoking　 (smoke) in the kitchen, he would be fired immediately.
5.I’ll have my camera 　repaired　 (repair) this afternoon.
6.You must get your luggage 　checked　 (check) before you board the plane.
7.The teacher raised his voice to make himself 　heard　 (hear) clearly by his students.
8.I’m sorry to have you 　waiting　 (wait) so long.
9.He tried to make himself 　understood　 (understand).
10.Tom had his leg 　broken　 (break) while playing football.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Centuries ago, a group of people left India.No one really knows why.Over time, they journeyed west to Europe, where most have 　1　 ever since.These people called themselves the Roma.But Europeans, thinking they came from Egypt, called them “Gypsies”.Many people think of Gypsies as 　2　 groups of people.They are associated with colourful clothing, fortune telling and music.But this is not the real 　3　 of Roma culture.
In fact, not all Roma are 　4　.Those in western Europe have historically moved from place to place.But others who 　5　 in Eastern Europe built homes and stayed in one place.Roma culture 　6　 among regions.But most speak both the language of the surrounding people and their own language, Romany.
For centuries, Roma practised 　7　 trades.Some were horse traders or musicians.Others made things out of metal or wood.But today, Roma may be found in any 　8　.
Each Roma settlement developed its own musical style, combining local music with Roma traditions.These styles often sound 　9　 to the music of the surrounding culture.However, most Roma music 　10　 some characteristics, including the timing of the notes and the harmonies.Roma music has also affected the music of other 　11　.Roma influences have shaped European folk and classical music and even some American styles.
Like people of many cultures, the Roma love to tell 　12　.Their conversations often include brief references to tales that the entire settlement knows.But they also tell long stories during the evenings or while working.Some stories are funny; others 　13　 Roma traditions.
Over the years, the Roma have 　14　 many challenges.Their neighbours did not 　15　 them and even accused them of being thieves.Today, many face poverty, prejudice and other problems.Nevertheless, the Roma people are proud of their history and their rich culture.　　　　　
(　D　)1.A.died B.visited
C.left D.lived
(　A　)2.A.wandering B.challenging
C.encouraging D.inspiring
(　C　)3.A.life B.article
C.picture D.attitude
(　B　)4.A.farmers B.travellers
C.musicians D.tailors
(　D　)5.A.begged B.learnt
C.toured D.settled
(　A　)6.A.varies B.spreads
C.passes D.divides
(　A　)7.A.traditional B.illegal
C.international D.fair
(　B　)8.A.occasion B.profession
C.village D.town
(　C　)9.A.strange B.different
C.similar D.natural
(　A　)10.A.shares B.spares
C.speaks D.seeks
(　B　)11.A.tribes B.cultures
C.groups D.religions
(　D　)12.A.lies B.fortunes
C.gossips D.stories
(　D　)13.A.write down B.get away
C.take in D.pass down
(　A　)14.A.faced B.overcome
C.fought D.welcomed
(　C　)15.A.fear B.help
C.accept D.suspect
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗姆人的由来,以及他们的音乐、宗教等文化传统和他们生活的艰辛。
1.D　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“These people called themselves the Roma.”可知,很多人从此就在那里生活了,并且称自己为罗姆人。
2.A　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“they journeyed west to Europe”可知,吉卜赛民族是从别处迁移过来的,在许多人眼里他们是流浪的民族。
3.C　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“They are associated with colourful clothing, fortune telling and music.”及“But”可知,空格处指色彩鲜艳的服装、音乐等并不是罗姆人生活的真正的样子,a picture of 意为“……的样子”。
4.B　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“moved from place to place.But others…stayed in one place.”可知,空格处表示不是所有的罗姆人都是漂泊者。
5.D　【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“built homes and stayed in one place”可知,另一些人在一个地方建立了自己的家园,他们选择了定居。
6.A　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Each Roma settlement developed its own musical style, combining local music with Roma traditions.”可知,罗姆人每到一个地方,就会将自己的传统与当地的文化结合,即因地制宜地发展自己的文化,空格处指罗姆人的文化会因地而异。
7.A　【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“For centuries”可知,此处指一直以来,罗姆人从事的是传统贸易。
8.B　【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“Some were horse traders or musicians.Others made things out of metal or wood.”及“But”转折可知,罗姆人如今的职业情况发生了变化,现在的职业类型增加了很多。
9.C　【解析】 考查形容词。根据语境及常识可知,传统的音乐受到周围环境的影响之后,应当会与周围的音乐风格有些相似。
10.A　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Roma music has also affected the music of other 　11　.”可知,罗姆音乐对其他文化的音乐产生了影响。由此可知,空格处指罗姆音乐把其特性分享出来了。
11.B　【解析】 考查名词。根据空格后的“Roma influences have shaped European folk and classical music and even some American styles.”可知,罗姆音乐对别国的文化也产生了影响。
12.D　【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“But they also tell long stories…”可知,空格处指罗姆人喜欢讲故事。
13.D　【解析】 考查动词短语。根据常识可知,传统文化是可以通过口耳相传的方式传递下去的,讲故事就是其中一种方式,空格处指一些故事的讲述是为了把罗姆人的传统文化流传下去。
14.A　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Today, many face poverty, prejudice and other problems.”可知,空格处指罗姆人面临了很多的挑战。
15.C　【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“accused them of being thieves”可知,许多年来,罗姆人的邻居并不认同他们,甚至认为他们是窃贼。由此可知,很多本土居民并不接受他们。
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
In 1776, some important men from all thirteen American colonies (殖民地) had come to Philadelphia.　1　 The colonies were declaring their freedom from Great Britain.They were going to create a new country—the United States of America.
　2　 It took Jefferson—with help from others—only a couple of weeks to finish one of the most important documents in history: The Declaration of Independence.
Sending an announcement like this—a declaration—meant that the colonists in America would go to war.The British army was large and powerful, but the colonists didn’t even have an army.　3　 Many would certainly die.And even if by some chance the colonists did win their freedom, could thirteen different colonies create a new country together
For two weeks Jefferson worked on The Declaration of Independence.Each day Jefferson would discuss the ideas for the declaration with some of the other men who had gathered in Philadelphia.After these talks, Jefferson would sometimes tear up his most recent draft of the declaration and start over.　4　 The declaration had to explain more than why the colonies could no longer live under British rule.More importantly, it had to tell the world what this new country hoped to stand for.
After The Declaration of Independence was finished, it was signed on 4 July, 1776.　5　 It has inspired people around the globe to fight for their freedom as well.Thomas Jefferson wrote, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.” Jefferson may not have realised how powerful those simple words would be for hundreds of years to come.
A.It was a difficult job indeed.
B.He wanted to get every word just right.
C.The chances were slim that the Americans could win.
D.They planned to do something brave and dangerous.
E.It has become one of the most important statements of freedom.
F.Thomas Jefferson was chosen to write a public letter to the British king.
G.It encouraged people to set up a government where ordinary citizens could shape the laws.
1.　D　　2.　F　　3.　C　
4.　B　　5.　E　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1776年7月4日,由托马斯·杰斐逊(Thomas Jefferson)起草,并由13个殖民地代表签署的声明美国从英国独立的文件——《独立宣言》。
1.D　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文可知,13个殖民地的一些重要人物来到费城,空格处会提到他们来到这里的目的,选项D“他们计划做一些勇敢而危险的事情”符合语境,选项中的“They”指代上文中的“some important men”。
2.F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“It took Jefferson…only a couple of weeks to finish one of the most important documents”可知,杰斐逊花费了几个星期完成了《独立宣言》,空格处会提到杰斐逊被选中来写《独立宣言》一事,选项F“托马斯·杰斐逊被选中为英国国王写一封公开信”符合语境。
3.C　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“The British army was large and powerful, but the colonists didn’t even have an army.”可知,英美力量对比悬殊,空格处会提到美国要想打败英国殖民者很难,选项C“美国人获胜的可能性很小”符合语境,选项中的“The chances”与下文中的“chance”相呼应。
4.B　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到杰斐逊会与其他人反复商讨后重新撰写,这说明他有精益求精的态度,空格后提到杰斐逊精益求精的目的,空格处会提到撰写《独立宣言》的事,选项B“他想把每一个字都说对”符合语境。
5.E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到《独立宣言》的正式签署,空格后提到《独立宣言》的重要地位和影响,选项E“它已成为最重要的自由宣言之一”符合语境。
夯基培优练(四)
(Reading for Writing)[P56]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Many older people around the world have at least one common concern: How to get younger people, hooked on their electronic devices, interested in classic art.Take the Monkey King, or Sun Wukong, as an example.The main character in the 16th-century classic novel, Journey to the West, is a romantic figure of bravery and adventure that charmed millions of readers before the appearance of online attractions.
Havoc in Heaven, a Beijing Opera film, attracted the wider public to the glamour (魅力) of the traditional Chinese performance art, featuring one of the best-known chapters from Journey to the West.This film, expected to create a new channel to promote Beijing Opera, includes nearly all the key ingredients of Beijing Opera.It covers all the basic techniques, more than 10 classic tunes, and makeup for dozens of facial representations of different figures’ characteristics.
It’s actually a big challenge to combine Beijing Opera and film, each of which has its own rhythm, according to Cheng, director of the film, who is adopting a fresh approach to present the traditional art form.One challenge that Cheng and his production team face is how to balance the new approach with maintaining the fundamentals of the art.The basic principles and performance skills in Beijing Opera cannot be changed.
Some background images on stage, such as a painted waterfall, remain, and a live band is on the set to provide sound for the film, rather than employing the pre-recorded music.“If we change traditions to cater to people’s taste and preference for a regular film, it will no longer be a Beijing Opera piece of art,” Cheng said.
On the other hand, some creativity is needed because Cheng and his team do not just want to document a stage puter technology is also applied to achieve some visual effects and to present impossible scenes.
Beijing Opera films played a powerful role in the 1960s and 70s, but their popularity gave way to more diverse entertainment.In recent years, there has been a recovery in the popularity of Beijing Opera films.However, the overuse of special effects in many film adaptations of Beijing Opera plays has weakened the original charm of the stage performances.The imagination (enabled by the stage) can never be sacrificed for a film’s expression.
(　B　)1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A.To blame young people addicted to electronic devices.
B.To introduce a new Beijing Opera film.
C.To express older people’s concern about the young generation.
D.To arouse readers’ interest in traditional Chinese performance art.
(　C　)2.What did Director Cheng do while producing the film
A.He made changes to basic performance skills.
B.He made use of symbols and motions equally.
C.He insisted on a band playing music on the scene.
D.He brought onto the stage exact details of real life.
(　B　)3.What innovation did Cheng’s team make
A.They opposed a rigid recording of the performance.
B.They enriched visual effects with modern technology.
C.They allowed actors to repeat actions before the camera.
D.They adopted real explosion scenes during the shooting.
(　D　)4.What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A.Imagination is a unique charm of Beijing Opera films.
B.Technology makes up for the loss of stage imagination.
C.There is some possibility for a film to replace Beijing Opera.
D.The original charm of Beijing Opera cannot be sacrificed for films.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部京剧电影《大闹天宫》,它将中国传统表演艺术京剧与电影结合在一起,应用了科技创新,同时保留了京剧的传统魅力。
1.B　【解析】 理解目的题。通读第一段并结合文章内容可知,本文主要介绍了京剧电影《大闹天宫》的相关内容,第一段以年长的人期望年轻人对经典文学感兴趣而引出《西游记》中的孙悟空,进而在第二段引出本文的话题——京剧电影《大闹天宫》。
2.C　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“and a live band was on the set to provide sound for the film, rather than employing the pre-recorded music”可知,在这部电影中,用现场乐队为电影提供声音,而不是使用预先录制的音乐。
3.B　【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“some creativity was needed…Computer technology is also applied to achieve some visual effects and to present impossible scenes.”可知,在这部电影中,程导演和他的团队也有一些创新,他们用计算机技术实现一些视觉效果并呈现不可能的场景。
4.D　【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的最后两句可知,许多京剧的改编电影对特效的过度使用,削弱了舞台表演的原有魅力。传统舞台表演的想象力(由舞台赋予的)永远不能因电影的表达而牺牲,京剧是传统舞台表演的形式。由此可知,不能因为电影而牺牲京剧的原始魅力。
Ⅱ.书面表达
景点介绍
文体感知
概念:景点介绍属于说明文。写作时要注意理清与写作主题有关的地理位置、人口、面积、气候等内容。
内容安排:
这类文章通常可以分为三段来写。
第一段:引出所要介绍的景点。
第二段:详细描述该景点的特色。
第三段:表达美好的祝愿。
【素材】
请根据以下内容,写一篇英语短文,简单介绍英国的情况。
国 家 英国 首都 伦敦 地理 位置 欧洲西北 部,面向 大西洋
人 口 约6,697 万(2022) 面积 24.41 万 平方千米 气候 冬暖夏凉
国 情 1.由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士、北爱尔兰组成; 2.历史悠久,景点众多,如大本钟、格林尼治等。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁 　说明文　
话题 　景点介绍　
时态 　一般现在时　
人称 　第三人称　
【词汇】
1.冬暖夏凉 　warm winters and cool summers　
2.占地……面积 　cover an area of…　
3.有……人口 　have a population of…　
4.作为……而出名 　be well-known/renowned as…　
5.位于…… 　be located/situated in…　
6.面朝大西洋 　face the Atlantic Ocean　
【句式】
亮点句式
☆ How well do you know the history of…
☆ The local history of the area is fascinating.
☆ …trace its history back to…
☆ On the one hand, we should keep up our traditional lifestyle.
☆ We should restore and promote this tradition.
☆ We hope to see you elaborate and consolidate your tradition.
☆ This region is steeped in tradition.
1.完成句子
(1)它的面积为244,100平方千米。
It covers/spans 　an area of 244,100 square kilometres　.
(2)它的人口大约为6,697万。
It 　has a population of　 about 66.97 million.
(3)英国位于欧洲西北部。它面朝大西洋。
The UK 　is located/situated in the northwest of Europe　.It 　faces the Atlantic Ocean　.
(4)它的首都是伦敦。伦敦是著名的雾都。
Its capital is London, 　which is renowned as　 the City of Fog.
(5)它有许多的名胜古迹,比如大本钟、格林尼治等。
It 　boasts many places of interest　, such as Big Ben, Greenwich and so on.
2.句式升级
(1)用with 短语将第1小题中的句(1)和句(2)合并。
　It covers an area of 244,100 square kilometres, with a population of about 66.97 million.　
(2)用动词-ing形式作状语升级第1小题中的句(3)。
　The UK is located in the northwest of Europe, facing the Atlantic Ocean.　
(3)将第1小题中的句(4)改为含有非谓语动词作状语的句子。
　Its capital is London, renowned as the City of Fog.　
【妙笔成篇】
The UK is made up of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.It spans an area of 244,100 square kilometres, with a population of about 66.97 million.
The UK is situated in the northwest of Europe, facing the Atlantic Ocean.Due to its geographical location, it enjoys mild winters and cool summers all year round.Its capital is London, renowned as the City of Fog.Thanks to its long history, it boasts many places of interest, such as Big Ben, Greenwich and so on.
In a word, the UK is well worth visiting.
核心素养提升
(单元复习) [P59]
Ⅰ.词汇类记
1.v.+-ion→n.
locate→　location　 n.地方;地点;位置
construct→　construction　 n.建筑
contribute→　contribution　 n.捐赠
pollute→　pollution　 n.污染
reject→　rejection　 n.拒绝
2.v.+-ment→n.
announce→　announcement　 n.宣布
achieve→　achievement　 n.成就;成绩;达到
appoint→　appointment　 n.任命;约会
excite→　excitement　 n.兴奋;激动
equip→　equipment　 n.设备
3.v.+-ed→adj.
crowd→　crowded　 adj.拥挤的
surround→　surrounded　 adj.环绕的;包围的
puzzle→　puzzled　 adj.困惑的;迷惑的
unite→　united　 adj.联合的
dot→　dotted　 adj.有斑点的
4.en+adj.→v.
sure→　ensure　 v.保证;确保;担保
able→　enable　 v.使能够
rich→　enrich　 v.使丰富
large→　enlarge　 v.使扩大
Ⅱ.语境检测
1.There was a woman 　dressed　 (dress) in red.
2.How life began on the earth is one of the biggest 　puzzles　 (puzzle) that scientists find hard to solve.
3.　Surrounded/Having been surrounded　 (surround) for a few days, the enemies had to lay down their arms and give in.
4.You are to be amazed at the 　fascinating　(fascinate) surrounding scenery.
5.The books I lent you belong 　to　 my brother.
6.Alice, as well as her friends, 　was punished　 (punish) for having broken the school rules yesterday.
Ⅲ.一句多译
1.5×6=30
(1)Multiply 5 by 6 　and　 you’ll get 30.
(2)　If　 you multiply 5 by 6, you will get 30.
(3)　Multiplying　 (multiply) 5 by 6, you’ll get 30.
(4)5 　multiplied　 (multiply) by 6 is 30.
2.5+3=8
(1)　Add 3 to 5 and you’ll get 8.　
(2)　If you add 3 to 5, you’ll get 8.　
(3)　Adding 3 to 5, you’ll get 8.　
(4)　3 added to 5 is 8.　
Ⅳ.单元语法精练——过去分词作定语或宾语补足语
1.Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had 　repaired　(repair) went wrong again.
2.He didn’t want his daughter 　taken/to be taken　 (take) out after dark.
3.The directors discussed the project that they would like to see 　carried　 (carry) out the next year.
4.Do you know how many people 　attended　(attend) the conference 　held　 (hold) last night
5.When his wife returned, the husband noticed her hair 　cut　 (cut) short.
6.The murderer was brought in, with his hands　tied　 (tie) behind his back.
7.With the water 　heated　 (heat), we can see the steam.
8.I couldn’t do my homework with all the noise 　going　 (go) on.
9.Being poor at English, I’m afraid I can’t make myself 　understood　 (understand).
10.I have had my bike 　repaired　, and I’m going to have somebody 　repair　 my radio tomorrow.(repair)
11.　Seen　 (see) from space, the earth with water 　covering　 (cover) 70% of its surface looks like a “blue blanket”.
12.Both of the parents thought that their son was really 　disappointing　 and they were both 　disappointed　.(disappoint)
13.It was surely a 　moving　 film and she was so 　moved　 that she couldn’t go to sleep until late into the night.(move)
14.Is there anything 　planned　 (plan) for tonight
15.The book 　written　 (write) by the writer is popular with students.
16.The 　excited　 (excite) people rushed into the building.
17.The young man became much 　tired　 (tire) of the work and wanted to quit it.
18.All the people present were very 　pleased　 (please) at the 　exciting　 (excite) news.
19.He looked 　puzzled　 (puzzle) so I repeated the question.
20.Do you see the man 　swimming　 (swim) in the river
21.I think the books 　bought　 (buy) yesterday are of high quality.
22.They reduced the number of animals 　used　 (use) in the experiments.
Ⅴ.语法填空
Filigree Mosaic (花丝镶嵌) art is a traditional Chinese handicraft that began during the Spring and Autumn Period and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Four main crafts, 　1　 (specific) including making fine metal threads, adding jewels, carving designs, and shaping the base, are involved in the art, 　2　 a product needs to go through about 100 procedures.
By the mid-20th century, this art had been nearly lost.In the 1950s, five Beijing companies joined to create a factory, which had revived this traditional art from almost 　3　 (extinct).Filigree Mosaic art 　4　 (recognise) as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Dong Ruijing, 　5　 Beijing native born in 1970, began learning the art at age 15.In 2006, he set up his own team 　6　 (continue) developing the art.For more than three decades, Dong and his apprentices (徒弟) have been dedicated to the innovation of the art, 　7　 (integrate) it with other crafts such as lacquer carving and enamel art.In 2023, he launched a project on cultivating new-generation Filigree Mosaic 　8　 (professional) in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei.　9　 the challenges, his passion for the traditional art drives him to keep the tradition alive.He believes the future of Filigree Mosaic art lies in creating 　10　 (innovate) designs that suit modern tastes and everyday use.
1.　specifically　　　 2.　where　
3.　extinction　 4.　was recognised　
5.　a　 6.　to continue　
7.　integrating 　 8.　professionals　
9.　Despite　 10.　innovative　
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了花丝镶嵌这一中国传统手工艺的发展历程、制作工艺,还讲述了董瑞京为传承和创新该技艺所做的努力。
1.specifically　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰修饰介词短语“including making fine metal threads…”,应用副词形式specifically作状语。
2.where　【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限定性定语从句,先行词为the art,指地点,关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语,表示“在这项艺术中”,是抽象地点状语,应使用关系副词where。
3.extinction　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处应使用extinct的名词形式extinction作介词from的宾语。
4.was recognised　【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据下文中的“in 2008”可知,此处应用一般过去时态;分析句子结构可知,动词和主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语Filigree Mosaic art是不可数名词,be动词应用单数形式,故填was recognised。
5.a　【解析】 考查冠词。句意:董瑞京,一位1970年出生的北京本地人,15岁开始学习这项艺术。可数名词native在句中指“一位本地人”,表泛指;又因Beijing发音以辅音音素开头,空格处应使用不定冠词a。
6.to continue　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词是set up,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;continue和主语he构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词不定式作目的状语。
7.integrating　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词是have been dedicated,空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接,应使用非谓语动词;integrate和主语Dong and his apprentices构成逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
8.professionals　【解析】 考查名词单复数。空格处意为“人才”,professional为可数名词,结合常识和句意可知,要培养的新一代花丝镶嵌专业人才不止一人,表示泛指概念,应使用名词复数形式。
9.Despite　【解析】 考查介词。句意:尽管面临挑战,但他对传统艺术的热情驱使他让这一传统延续下去。根据句意可知,名词“the challenges”与下文“his passion for the traditional art drives him to keep the tradition alive”存在让步转折关系,应用介词despite构成介宾短语作状语;又因空格处位于句首,首字母应大写。
10.innovative　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空格处修饰名词designs,应使用形容词形式innovative作designs的定语。Unit 4　History and Traditions
夯基培优练(一)
(Listening & Speaking)[P46]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.A person without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree roots.
2.They got into a (philosophy) debate about what it means for something to be “natural”.
3.Many of them are d of the original settlers.
4.She wore a black skirt, high (heel) black boots and a black jacket.
5.Surrounded by historical (宅第) and natural beauty, Shichahai is an attractive scenic area in Beijing.
6.Tom is in a foggy (墓地) when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him.　
7.C , the great thinker, contributed to the development of China’s education and culture.
8.She accused the press photographers of violating her (隐私).
Ⅱ.短语填空
search for　　　 　 lead to
adapt to take part in
under pressure be similar to
pull one’s leg hold on
now that all over the world
1.Ms Lin suggested that he the reading competition.
2.Table tennis is so interesting a game that people play it.
3.All the police went out the missing boy.
4.All these changes will a stronger and more powerful China, a country that can surprise and enrich our planet.
5.Fortunately, the trapped people managed to until the rescuers arrived.
6.A foreigner’s impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a hurry—often .
7.It is with your generous help that I will the college life as soon as possible.
8.Strangely enough, her ideas quite mine.
9.I haven’t won the contest, have I You’re .
10. Mr Smith is well again, he can go on with his work.
Ⅲ.核心词汇
★philosophy n.哲学 philosopher n.哲学家 philosophical adj.哲学(上)的;冷静的;达观的
【归纳拓展】
be philosophical about sth 对……达观
moral philosophy 伦理学
ancient philosophy 古代哲学
philosophy of life 人生哲学
business philosophy 经营理念
【即学即练】
1.正如一位哲学家所说,幸福的秘诀在于保持乐观。
As a remarks, the secret of happiness is to stay optimistic.
2.他对古代哲学有着浓厚的兴趣。
He has a strong interest in .
3.我们需要学习伦理学来明辨是非。
We need to study to distinguish right from wrong.
4.她的人生哲学是积极向上的。
is positive.
5.这家公司的经营理念是以客户为中心。
The company’s is customer-centred.
6.他对失败抱着达观的态度。
He his failure.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
After Columbus set foot in the “New World” in 1492, many European countries wanted to rule different parts of North America.Great Britain, France, and Spain controlled almost the entire continent.
Great Britain had thirteen colonies (殖民地) along the east coast, where most settlers lived.France—Great Britain’s great rival—had the largest area of land, north and west of the colonies.But not many settlers lived there.Same with Spain—it had a bigger chunk of land than Great Britain but with far fewer people.
A young man named George Washington served in the British army, fighting against the French.Most American colonists wanted Great Britain to win the war with France.And, after many years, the British did.Great Britain doubled the area of land it controlled.During the war, many British soldiers were sent to America to fight.That had been very costly.King George Ⅲ had to borrow massive amounts of money from other countries.
After winning the war, King George Ⅲ had to pay back what he owed.In the king’s mind, he had been defending the American colonies against the French.So he expected the colonies to help with the war debt.This angered people in America.It wasn’t the colonists’ idea to start the war.It had been fought because the king wanted more land.So why should Americans have to pay King George Ⅲ didn’t listen to that argument.The British government—called Parliament—taxed the American colonists heavily to pay for the war debts.
( )1.What happened to North America after 1492
A.It was controlled by four countries.
B.France controlled the most colonies.
C.Spain controlled the largest area of land.
D.Great Britain controlled the most settlers.
( )2.Which European country had the most settlers in North America during this period
A.France.
B.Great Britain.
C.Spain.
D.Portugal.
( )3.What’s the result of the French and Indian War
A.India lost some land.
B.America got freedom.
C.France won a lot of land.
D.Great Britain fell into debt.
( )4.What made people in America angry according to the last paragraph
A.King George Ⅲ’s war debt.
B.King George Ⅲ’s new policies.
C.King George Ⅲ’s raising taxes.
D.King George Ⅲ’s borrowing money.
Ⅴ.完形填空
There are too many fat people in America, so many Americans are fighting against overweight.But the 　1　 thing is that the French, who consume rich food, 　2　 to stay thin.Now a 　3　 suggests 　4　 lifestyle and decisions about eating may affect weight.Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel 　5　.However, Americans tend to stop when their 　6　 are empty or their favourite TV show is over.
According to a health expert, the French see eating 　7　 an important part of their lifestyle.They enjoy food and therefore spend a 　8　 time at the table, while Americans see eating as 　9　 to be squeezed between the other daily activities.The expert believes Americans 　10　 the ability to sense when they are actually full.So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped.In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and 　11　 foods for the week.The French, 　12　 tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets where they have a(n) 　13　 of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent lifestyle 　14　 may be affecting French eating habits.Today the rate of obesity (肥胖)—or extreme overweight—among adults, is only 6%.However, as American fast food gains 　15　 and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.
( )1.A.present B.natural
C.strange D.modern
( )2.A.continue B.move
C.try D.expand
( )3.A.research B.novel
C.book D.newspaper
( )4.A.that B.what
C.how D.when
( )5.A.sensitive B.sad
C.happy D.full
( )6.A.pockets B.refrigerators
C.houses D.plates
( )7.A.into B.as
C.inside D.to
( )8.A.fairly long B.fairly short
C.very exciting D.rather fast
( )9.A.anything B.something
C.everything D.nothing
( )10.A.get B.bring
C.lose D.receive
( )11.A.hot B.cool
C.warm D.frozen
( )12.A.therefore B.instead
C.however D.merely
( )13.A.choice B.message
C.opinion D.number
( )14.A.examples B.traditions
C.changes D.stories
( )15.A.failure B.success
C.acceptance D.rejection
夯基培优练(二)
(Reading & Thinking)[P49]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.Some years ago, the group which this fast-food chain belonged was taken over by another company.
2.A sense of (belong) is one of humanity’s most basic needs.
3.What the treaty aims to do is to prevent the commercial and (军事的) use of the continent.
4.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages (conquer) other parts of the world.
5.A desk dictionary is medium-sized, generally containing over 170,000 entries as well extra features.
6.The company sought l advice to ensure that the contract complied with all relevant regulations.
7.The detective found crucial (evident) at the crime scene, which helped solve the case.
8.The ancient (king) was known for its rich culture and advanced architecture.
Ⅱ.短语填空
break away from　 be surrounded by
as well as keep one’s eyes open (for)
result in refer to as…
belong to be known as
leave behind date back to
1.The movie star a lot of fans was photographed a lot by TV stations and newspapers.
2.After the American Revolutionary War broke out, Americans were trying every means to the rule of the United Kingdom.
3.She was sitting on the cold, wooden floor books.
4.We might any large or colourful spider.
5.According to the Chinese Zodiac, Shengxiao, one animal represents each year, so totally 12 animals symbolise 12 years.
6.My family has a vase, which is said the Ming Dynasty.
7.I learnt that shouting and threats of punishment would a disaster.
8.Smoking is usually a bad habit.
9.Tourists are reminded to take all items them before leaving the hotel.
10.When you go camping, please do not any trash.
Ⅲ.核心词汇
1.★surround vt.围绕;包围;围住 surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 surroundings n.环境;周围的事物
【归纳拓展】
be surrounded by/with…
被……包围;四周环绕着……
surround oneself with… 和……在一起;使自己身边总有……(常指人或物)
【即学即练】
(1)新的工作环境让他感到很舒适。
The new made him feel very comfortable.
(2)我们应该爱护周围的环境。
We should take good care of the .
(3)这座小城被青山绿水包围着。
The small town green mountains and clear waters.
(4)他总是让自己身边围绕着积极向上的朋友。
He always positive friends.
2.★battle n.战役;搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗;奋斗
【归纳拓展】
battle for 为……而奋斗
battle against 与……斗争(一般用于与外在的敌人、疾病、挑战等斗争)
battle with 与……搏斗(释义同battle against,但可用于内心的斗争)
lose/win the battle but win/lose the war
输掉/赢了战斗但赢得/输掉战争(比喻局部失利但整体胜利或相反的意思)
【即学即练】
(1)他正在与疾病作斗争。
He is illness.
(2)他们为自由而奋斗。
They are freedom.
(3)虽然我们输掉了这场比赛,但最终赢得了冠军。
We by eventually winning the championship.
(4)她正在与自己的恐惧搏斗。
She is .
Ⅳ.重要句型
1.原句:So what is the difference between them, if any
点睛:本句使用“if any”表示“如果有的话”,用于委婉地提出疑问或假设。
【即学即练】
(1)如果有的话,你能告诉我这本书的优点吗
(2)如果有的话,他们之间的共同点是什么
2.原句:They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
点睛: 本句中分词短语“known as the Union Jack”作后置定语,修饰前面的名词“flag”,相当于一个非限制性定语从句(which is known as the Union Jack)。
【即学即练】
(1)他买了一本非常有趣的书,是一位著名作家撰写的,讲述的是关于冒险的故事。
He bought a very interesting book, , which tells stories about adventure.
(2)这座历史悠久的城堡,建于中世纪,吸引了来自世界各地的游客。
The historic castle, , attracts tourists from all over the world.
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
A Whale of a Time
The annual whale festival in Hermanus, South Africa, kicks off today.The coastal town, located on the Western Cape about 1.5 hours from Cape Town, is well-known for whale watching.It is one of the best locations in the world to witness the migration of southern right whales.The festival, which is the only eco-arts festival in South Africa, attracts upward of 130,000 visitors.
Hermanus also takes pride in the world’s only “Whale Crier”.His job is to go around and herald the whereabouts of whales to everyone—with his horn (喇叭).Fortunately, the timing of the festival almost guarantees a whale sighting—as close as a few metres from shore!
The whales are, of course, the main attraction of the festival, but many more terrific activities are available.The seaside environment, with the mountains as a backdrop, makes an ideal setting to enjoy the festival’s musical performances and fantastic seafood.For those who desire more adventure, there’s open water swimming, a night run and sports challenges.And there are other festivities and entertainment for kids. With something for everyone, what more could one ask for
( )1.What’s the main attraction of the whale festival in Hermanus
A.Whale criers.
B.Coastal landscape.
C.Whale watching.
D.Migration of fish.
( )2.What does “herald” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Prove. B.Signal.
C.Choose. D.Arrange.
( )3.What might an adventure lover prefer
A.A night run.
B.Fantastic seafood.
C.Musical performance.
D.Seaside environment.
( )4.The underlined sentence tells us in the whale festival 　　　.
A.nothing can be expected
B.everyone can enjoy themselves
C.everyone can ask for more
D.more fun can be expected
B
The key to understanding British humour is knowing not to take yourself too seriously.Our humour is to highlight our own mistakes.We make light of our failures so as to appear more approachable.There is no room for egos in British humour.Embarrassing moments are all well-established material with which to laugh at ourselves.
Example: “I couldn’t run a bath, let alone this race.I make snails look speedy.”
Brits are famous for being very, very polite, but a clear sign that a Brit likes you is if they happily “offend (冒犯)” you with the occasional tongue-in-cheek comment.They are delivered with a smiling face and no apology.It can be used to make light of differences with new friends in an attempt to spark conversation.
A vital aspect of mastering British humour is judging what the people you are with find funny.A tongue-in-cheek comment is not always appropriate.It’s all about making your humour suit the occasion and place.
Example: “I can’t be friends with someone who doesn’t drink tea!”
Brits use humour to lighten even the most unfortunate, miserable moments.There are few subjects we don’t joke about.It’s not used to shock and offend but rather because Brits turn to laughter as a form of medicine when life knocks them and those around them down.Misfortune and failure are commonplace in British comedy—provided the jokes are in good taste.In most cultures, there is a time and place for humour.In Britain, this is not the case.
Example: “I tripped and fell over in front of everyone but at least I didn’t embarrass myself!”
Despite Britain’s reputation as a rather serious place, humour really is common among Brits—we are always looking to spice up our day by making the best of each funny moment.
( )5.What’s the key of British humour
A.Telling funny jokes.
B.Making fun of oneself.
C.Finding others’ mistakes.
D.Maintaining one’s dignity.
( )6.When a Brit makes a tongue-in-cheek comment on you, he/she 　　　.
A.laughs at you
B.is friendly to you
C.tries to please you
D.shows interest in you
( )7.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 6
A.The secrets of British humour.
B.The problems with British humour.
C.The great benefits of British humour.
D.The wide coverage of British humour.
( )8.What does the underlined phrase “spice up” in the last paragraph probably mean
A.To make something valuable.
B.To make something important.
C.To make something interesting.
D.To make something unforgettable.
夯基培优练(三)
(Discovering Useful Structures, Listening & Talking)[P53]
Ⅰ.语境检测
1.The man they arrested last night has been charged murder.
2.In Chinese culture, dragons are (generosity) and wise, although they can be unpredictable.
3.The made an that all the details should through the broadcast.(announce)
4.It has put me in a position I can’t afford to take the job.
5.Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening (approach).
6.She was too nervous to speak with so many eyes (fix) on her.
Ⅱ.短语填空
take charge of　 be generous in (doing sth)
in the charge of a large amount of
be eager for it is announced that…
attend to fix one’s eyes on
1.She giving help, never hesitating to offer support to those in need.
2.A new manager will come to this company, which was Mr Wang.
3.At the end of the school sports meeting, Class One had won the relay race.
4.He has spent time and money travelling around the world, as he enjoys adventures.
5.We’re faced with a severe situation where we have to give up what we most.
6. the road and we will be much safer.
7.Occupying herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to her children.
Ⅲ.语法突破——过去分词作定语或宾语补足语
过去分词作定语
1.The novel (write) by him is very popular.
翻译:
定语从句:
2.The student (dress) in white is my sister.
翻译:
定语从句:
过去分词作宾语补足语
1.When I came in, I saw a strange girl (seat) in the corner.
2.Yesterday I had my hair (cut).
3.On his way home he found a wallet (lie) on the ground.
4.If a cook was found (smoke) in the kitchen, he would be fired immediately.
5.I’ll have my camera (repair) this afternoon.
6.You must get your luggage (check) before you board the plane.
7.The teacher raised his voice to make himself (hear) clearly by his students.
8.I’m sorry to have you (wait) so long.
9.He tried to make himself (understand).
10.Tom had his leg (break) while playing football.
Ⅳ.完形填空
Centuries ago, a group of people left India.No one really knows why.Over time, they journeyed west to Europe, where most have 　1　 ever since.These people called themselves the Roma.But Europeans, thinking they came from Egypt, called them “Gypsies”.Many people think of Gypsies as 　2　 groups of people.They are associated with colourful clothing, fortune telling and music.But this is not the real 　3　 of Roma culture.
In fact, not all Roma are 　4　.Those in western Europe have historically moved from place to place.But others who 　5　 in Eastern Europe built homes and stayed in one place.Roma culture 　6　 among regions.But most speak both the language of the surrounding people and their own language, Romany.
For centuries, Roma practised 　7　 trades.Some were horse traders or musicians.Others made things out of metal or wood.But today, Roma may be found in any 　8　.
Each Roma settlement developed its own musical style, combining local music with Roma traditions.These styles often sound 　9　 to the music of the surrounding culture.However, most Roma music 　10　 some characteristics, including the timing of the notes and the harmonies.Roma music has also affected the music of other 　11　.Roma influences have shaped European folk and classical music and even some American styles.
Like people of many cultures, the Roma love to tell 　12　.Their conversations often include brief references to tales that the entire settlement knows.But they also tell long stories during the evenings or while working.Some stories are funny; others 　13　 Roma traditions.
Over the years, the Roma have 　14　 many challenges.Their neighbours did not 　15　 them and even accused them of being thieves.Today, many face poverty, prejudice and other problems.Nevertheless, the Roma people are proud of their history and their rich culture.　　　　　
( )1.A.died B.visited
C.left D.lived
( )2.A.wandering B.challenging
C.encouraging D.inspiring
( )3.A.life B.article
C.picture D.attitude
( )4.A.farmers B.travellers
C.musicians D.tailors
( )5.A.begged B.learnt
C.toured D.settled
( )6.A.varies B.spreads
C.passes D.divides
( )7.A.traditional B.illegal
C.international D.fair
( )8.A.occasion B.profession
C.village D.town
( )9.A.strange B.different
C.similar D.natural
( )10.A.shares B.spares
C.speaks D.seeks
( )11.A.tribes B.cultures
C.groups D.religions
( )12.A.lies B.fortunes
C.gossips D.stories
( )13.A.write down B.get away
C.take in D.pass down
( )14.A.faced B.overcome
C.fought D.welcomed
( )15.A.fear B.help
C.accept D.suspect
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
In 1776, some important men from all thirteen American colonies (殖民地) had come to Philadelphia.　1　 The colonies were declaring their freedom from Great Britain.They were going to create a new country—the United States of America.
　2　 It took Jefferson—with help from others—only a couple of weeks to finish one of the most important documents in history: The Declaration of Independence.
Sending an announcement like this—a declaration—meant that the colonists in America would go to war.The British army was large and powerful, but the colonists didn’t even have an army.　3　 Many would certainly die.And even if by some chance the colonists did win their freedom, could thirteen different colonies create a new country together
For two weeks Jefferson worked on The Declaration of Independence.Each day Jefferson would discuss the ideas for the declaration with some of the other men who had gathered in Philadelphia.After these talks, Jefferson would sometimes tear up his most recent draft of the declaration and start over.　4　 The declaration had to explain more than why the colonies could no longer live under British rule.More importantly, it had to tell the world what this new country hoped to stand for.
After The Declaration of Independence was finished, it was signed on 4 July, 1776.　5　 It has inspired people around the globe to fight for their freedom as well.Thomas Jefferson wrote, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.” Jefferson may not have realised how powerful those simple words would be for hundreds of years to come.
A.It was a difficult job indeed.
B.He wanted to get every word just right.
C.The chances were slim that the Americans could win.
D.They planned to do something brave and dangerous.
E.It has become one of the most important statements of freedom.
F.Thomas Jefferson was chosen to write a public letter to the British king.
G.It encouraged people to set up a government where ordinary citizens could shape the laws.
1. 　2. 　3.
4. 　5.
夯基培优练(四)
(Reading for Writing)[P56]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Many older people around the world have at least one common concern: How to get younger people, hooked on their electronic devices, interested in classic art.Take the Monkey King, or Sun Wukong, as an example.The main character in the 16th-century classic novel, Journey to the West, is a romantic figure of bravery and adventure that charmed millions of readers before the appearance of online attractions.
Havoc in Heaven, a Beijing Opera film, attracted the wider public to the glamour (魅力) of the traditional Chinese performance art, featuring one of the best-known chapters from Journey to the West.This film, expected to create a new channel to promote Beijing Opera, includes nearly all the key ingredients of Beijing Opera.It covers all the basic techniques, more than 10 classic tunes, and makeup for dozens of facial representations of different figures’ characteristics.
It’s actually a big challenge to combine Beijing Opera and film, each of which has its own rhythm, according to Cheng, director of the film, who is adopting a fresh approach to present the traditional art form.One challenge that Cheng and his production team face is how to balance the new approach with maintaining the fundamentals of the art.The basic principles and performance skills in Beijing Opera cannot be changed.
Some background images on stage, such as a painted waterfall, remain, and a live band is on the set to provide sound for the film, rather than employing the pre-recorded music.“If we change traditions to cater to people’s taste and preference for a regular film, it will no longer be a Beijing Opera piece of art,” Cheng said.
On the other hand, some creativity is needed because Cheng and his team do not just want to document a stage puter technology is also applied to achieve some visual effects and to present impossible scenes.
Beijing Opera films played a powerful role in the 1960s and 70s, but their popularity gave way to more diverse entertainment.In recent years, there has been a recovery in the popularity of Beijing Opera films.However, the overuse of special effects in many film adaptations of Beijing Opera plays has weakened the original charm of the stage performances.The imagination (enabled by the stage) can never be sacrificed for a film’s expression.
( )1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A.To blame young people addicted to electronic devices.
B.To introduce a new Beijing Opera film.
C.To express older people’s concern about the young generation.
D.To arouse readers’ interest in traditional Chinese performance art.
( )2.What did Director Cheng do while producing the film
A.He made changes to basic performance skills.
B.He made use of symbols and motions equally.
C.He insisted on a band playing music on the scene.
D.He brought onto the stage exact details of real life.
( )3.What innovation did Cheng’s team make
A.They opposed a rigid recording of the performance.
B.They enriched visual effects with modern technology.
C.They allowed actors to repeat actions before the camera.
D.They adopted real explosion scenes during the shooting.
( )4.What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A.Imagination is a unique charm of Beijing Opera films.
B.Technology makes up for the loss of stage imagination.
C.There is some possibility for a film to replace Beijing Opera.
D.The original charm of Beijing Opera cannot be sacrificed for films.
Ⅱ.书面表达
景点介绍
文体感知
概念:景点介绍属于说明文。写作时要注意理清与写作主题有关的地理位置、人口、面积、气候等内容。
内容安排:
这类文章通常可以分为三段来写。
第一段:引出所要介绍的景点。
第二段:详细描述该景点的特色。
第三段:表达美好的祝愿。
【素材】
请根据以下内容,写一篇英语短文,简单介绍英国的情况。
国 家 英国 首都 伦敦 地理 位置 欧洲西北 部,面向 大西洋
人 口 约6,697 万(2022) 面积 24.41 万 平方千米 气候 冬暖夏凉
国 情 1.由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士、北爱尔兰组成; 2.历史悠久,景点众多,如大本钟、格林尼治等。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁
话题
时态
人称
【词汇】
1.冬暖夏凉
2.占地……面积
3.有……人口
4.作为……而出名
5.位于……
6.面朝大西洋
【句式】
亮点句式
☆ How well do you know the history of…
☆ The local history of the area is fascinating.
☆ …trace its history back to…
☆ On the one hand, we should keep up our traditional lifestyle.
☆ We should restore and promote this tradition.
☆ We hope to see you elaborate and consolidate your tradition.
☆ This region is steeped in tradition.
1.完成句子
(1)它的面积为244,100平方千米。
It covers/spans .
(2)它的人口大约为6,697万。
It about 66.97 million.
(3)英国位于欧洲西北部。它面朝大西洋。
The UK .It .
(4)它的首都是伦敦。伦敦是著名的雾都。
Its capital is London, the City of Fog.
(5)它有许多的名胜古迹,比如大本钟、格林尼治等。
It , such as Big Ben, Greenwich and so on.
2.句式升级
(1)用with 短语将第1小题中的句(1)和句(2)合并。
(2)用动词-ing形式作状语升级第1小题中的句(3)。
(3)将第1小题中的句(4)改为含有非谓语动词作状语的句子。
【妙笔成篇】
核心素养提升
(单元复习) [P59]
Ⅰ.词汇类记
1.v.+-ion→n.
locate→ n.地方;地点;位置
construct→ n.建筑
contribute→ n.捐赠
pollute→ n.污染
reject→ n.拒绝
2.v.+-ment→n.
announce→ n.宣布
achieve→ n.成就;成绩;达到
appoint→ n.任命;约会
excite→ n.兴奋;激动
equip→ n.设备
3.v.+-ed→adj.
crowd→ adj.拥挤的
surround→ adj.环绕的;包围的
puzzle→ adj.困惑的;迷惑的
unite→ adj.联合的
dot→ adj.有斑点的
4.en+adj.→v.
sure→ v.保证;确保;担保
able→ v.使能够
rich→ v.使丰富
large→ v.使扩大
Ⅱ.语境检测
1.There was a woman (dress) in red.
2.How life began on the earth is one of the biggest (puzzle) that scientists find hard to solve.
3. (surround) for a few days, the enemies had to lay down their arms and give in.
4.You are to be amazed at the (fascinate) surrounding scenery.
5.The books I lent you belong my brother.
6.Alice, as well as her friends, (punish) for having broken the school rules yesterday.
Ⅲ.一句多译
1.5×6=30
(1)Multiply 5 by 6 you’ll get 30.
(2) you multiply 5 by 6, you will get 30.
(3) (multiply) 5 by 6, you’ll get 30.
(4)5 (multiply) by 6 is 30.
2.5+3=8
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Ⅳ.单元语法精练——过去分词作定语或宾语补足语
1.Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had (repair) went wrong again.
2.He didn’t want his daughter (take) out after dark.
3.The directors discussed the project that they would like to see (carry) out the next year.
4.Do you know how many people (attend) the conference (hold) last night
5.When his wife returned, the husband noticed her hair (cut) short.
6.The murderer was brought in, with his hands (tie) behind his back.
7.With the water (heat), we can see the steam.
8.I couldn’t do my homework with all the noise (go) on.
9.Being poor at English, I’m afraid I can’t make myself (understand).
10.I have had my bike , and I’m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.(repair)
11. (see) from space, the earth with water (cover) 70% of its surface looks like a “blue blanket”.
12.Both of the parents thought that their son was really and they were both .(disappoint)
13.It was surely a film and she was so that she couldn’t go to sleep until late into the night.(move)
14.Is there anything (plan) for tonight
15.The book (write) by the writer is popular with students.
16.The (excite) people rushed into the building.
17.The young man became much (tire) of the work and wanted to quit it.
18.All the people present were very (please) at the (excite) news.
19.He looked (puzzle) so I repeated the question.
20.Do you see the man (swim) in the river
21.I think the books (buy) yesterday are of high quality.
22.They reduced the number of animals (use) in the experiments.
Ⅴ.语法填空
Filigree Mosaic (花丝镶嵌) art is a traditional Chinese handicraft that began during the Spring and Autumn Period and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Four main crafts, 　1　 (specific) including making fine metal threads, adding jewels, carving designs, and shaping the base, are involved in the art, 　2　 a product needs to go through about 100 procedures.
By the mid-20th century, this art had been nearly lost.In the 1950s, five Beijing companies joined to create a factory, which had revived this traditional art from almost 　3　 (extinct).Filigree Mosaic art 　4　 (recognise) as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Dong Ruijing, 　5　 Beijing native born in 1970, began learning the art at age 15.In 2006, he set up his own team 　6　 (continue) developing the art.For more than three decades, Dong and his apprentices (徒弟) have been dedicated to the innovation of the art, 　7　 (integrate) it with other crafts such as lacquer carving and enamel art.In 2023, he launched a project on cultivating new-generation Filigree Mosaic 　8　 (professional) in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei.　9　 the challenges, his passion for the traditional art drives him to keep the tradition alive.He believes the future of Filigree Mosaic art lies in creating 　10　 (innovate) designs that suit modern tastes and everyday use.
1. 　　 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.

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