资源简介

(共77张PPT)
　
Part 2
核心考点突破
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.reptile　　　　 n.
2.altitude n.
3.marine adj.
阅读单词
爬行动物
海拔;海拔高度
海的;海产的;海生的
1. 　　　　 n.栖息地
2. n.洲,大洲;大陆
3. vt.把……载入正式记录;记录
n.正式记录;日志;原木
4. n.特征;特点;品质
核心单词
habitat
continent
log
characteristic
运用词汇
1.migration n.迁移;移居→ vt.迁徙;移居;迁移→ adj.迁移的;迁徙的
2.cruel adj.残忍的;残酷的→ n.残忍;残酷;暴行→ adv.残忍地;残暴地
3.exploit vt.开发;利用→ n.开发,开采;利用
4.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→ adj.仁慈的;慈悲的→ adj.残忍的,无情的
migrate
migratory
cruelty
cruelly
exploitation
merciful
merciless
5.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制→ vt.拥有;控制;支配
6.access vt.进入;使用;获取 n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会→
adj.易接近的;可到达的;可使用的;容易理解的
possess
accessible
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　　　　　　　灭绝;逐渐消失
2. 在压力下;承受压力
3. 区分……
4. 残忍地;无情地
5. 采取行动
6. 日日夜夜;夜以继日
die out
under pressure
tell...apart
without mercy
take action
day and night
7. 失去控制
8. 搜查;查找
9. 以……的速度
10. (使)生效;(使)实行
out of control
search for
at the speed of
put...into operation
重点句型
1.过度捕捞破坏了海洋食物链,导致多个物种的数量减少。(现在分词作结果状语)
Overfishing destroyed marine food chains, in multiple species.
2.我们需要改进深海通讯系统,以便我们能与潜水器保持实时联系。(so that引导目的状语从句)
We need to improve deep-sea communication systems
with submersibles in real time.
causing population declines
so that we can
maintain contact
3.随着电池技术逐步发展,水下无人机可以持续工作数月。(as引导状语从句)
,underwater drones can operate continuously for months.
As battery technology evolves
学习理解·语篇解构
[教师备用]
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
pollution
Mining
Overfishing
take action
resources
economic needs
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
(　　)1.Why does the writer mention the Deepwater Horizon
A.To show it has more gallons of oil.
B.To explain its influence on animals.
C.To stress the bad effects of plastic.
D.To prove it has caused serious pollution.
D
(　　)2.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The risks about sea exploration.
B.The benefits about sea exploration.
C.The necessities and risks about sea exploration.
D.The balance between sea exploration and protection.
C
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
merciful adj.仁慈的;慈悲的
merciless adj.残忍的;无情的
They had mercy on their neighbour for he suffered a lot.
他们对这个邻居表示怜悯,因为他遭受的苦难太多了。
The doctor showed mercy to the dying patient and did everything possible to save him.
医生怜悯这个垂死的病人,并尽一切可能挽救他的生命。
Our ship was at the mercy of the waves.
我们的船任凭海浪摆布。
It’s a mercy that the accident happened so close to the hospital.
幸运的是,事故发生在离医院很近的地方。
归 纳 拓 展
show mercy to/have mercy on对……怜悯/宽恕/同情
at the mercy of...任由……摆布
without mercy残忍地;无情地
It’s a mercy that...幸运的是
(1)句子语法填空
①The 　　 　　 (mercy) sun provided warmth to the chilled travellers,
while the 　　　 　 (mercy) storm raged on,leaving no mercy for those caught in its path.
(2)完成句子
②　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 (暴风雨无情地袭击了这座城市),causing huge losses to the residents.
语境运用
merciful
merciless
The storm attacked the city without mercy
③Ships sailing on the open sea are
　　　　 (完全听命于风浪的摆布).
④When facing classmates’ mistakes and errors,
　　　　　 (我们应该展现出怜悯和包容) and help them correct them,
instead of laughing at them.
entirely at the mercy of the winds and
waves
we should show mercy and
tolerance
2.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制
possess vt.拥有;控制;支配
The company that Tom is in possession of was once in the possession of his uncle.
汤姆现在拥有的公司曾经是他叔叔的。
(2024·全国甲卷)But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.
但是猫是特殊的动物,拥有令人赞叹的发声技能。
When did you take possession of your new house
你是什么时候拥有新房子的
归 纳 拓 展
·take possession of 占有;拥有
in possession of 具有;拥有
in the possession of 被……拥有;归……所有
·be possessed of 具有某种品质(或特征)
温馨提示
in possession of表示主动,其主语通常是人;in the possession of 表示被动,其主语通常是物。类似短语:①in charge of,表示“负责……”;in the charge of,表示“由……负责”;②in control of,表示 “控制……”;in the control of,表示 “被……控制”。
(1)句子语法填空
①When you get out of the taxi,make sure that none of your 　　　　 (possess) are left behind.
语境运用
possessions
(2)完成句子
②The library is 　　　　　　　　 (拥有) a vast collection of rare historical documents.
③As a sports enthusiast,Xiao Wang 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (拥有出色的运动技能).
in possession of
is possessed of outstanding athletic skills
语境串词
The company possessed by him was once in the possession of his father.He is possessed of the most brilliant talents and often donates some of his possessions to the people in need.
他拥有的那家公司曾经归他父亲所有。他才能出众,并经常把他的一些财产捐给有需要的人。
3.access vt.进入;使用;获取
n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会
accessible adj. 易接近的;可到达的;可使用的;容易理解的
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth,access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.
随着城市的飞速发展,生活在市区的人们越来越难以接触到大自然。
Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.
药品不应该放在孩子们能接触到的地方。
归纳 拓展
·the access to...去……的通道;……的机会
have/gain/get access to 接近;进入;拥有……的机会
·be accessible to...可进入……;可使用……
(1)完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 (这本小说的语言简单易懂) and suitable for readers of all ages.
②They are studying how to improve the system so that users can
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 (更方便地访问信息).
语境运用
The language of this novel is accessible
more easily access information　
(2)翻译句子
③去那农舍的唯一通道是穿过田野。
The only access to the farmhouse is to go across the fields.
4.arrest n. 逮捕;拘留;中止
vt. 逮捕;拘留;阻止;吸引(注意力)
(2025·浙江1月卷)They pursued and arrested the man.
他们追捕并逮捕了那名男子。
An unusual painting arrested his attention.
一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意。
It is reported that the murderer has been under arrest.
据报道,凶手已被逮捕。
归纳 拓展
·arrest sb for...因……而逮捕某人
arrest one’s attention引起某人的注意
·get arrested遭逮捕
·under arrest被捕;在押
(1)句子语法填空
①After a series of investigations,the suspect was placed 　　　　 arrest by the police.
(2)翻译句子
②他走在街上,一只鸟引起了他的注意。
语境运用
under
He walked in the street and a bird arrested his attention.　
③这个试图逃跑的犯罪嫌疑人被警方逮捕。
The suspect trying to escape was/got arrested by the police.
重点句式
as引导时间状语从句
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)What did the horse think,as he sped through the night
当那匹马彻夜急速奔跑时,它是怎么想的
As time went by,I gradually adapted myself to the school life.
随着时间的推移,我逐渐适应了学校生活。
归纳 拓展
连词as意为“当……的时候;随着”,引导时间状语从句。as作为连词的其他用法如下。
·表示“如同;按照”,引导方式状语从句。
·表示“因为;既然”,引导原因状语从句。
·表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,可与though互换。
温馨提示
as与with表“随着”的区别。
①as是连词,后接时间状语从句;
②with是介词,后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
完成句子
①随着元旦的临近,今年我们班决定举行一场聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。
　　　　　 　　　,our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day this year.
②正如俗语所说,入乡随俗。
As the old saying goes,do 　　　　　　　　　when in Rome.
语境运用
As New Year’s Day was approaching
as the Romans do
③尽管她很紧张,她还是按照老师的指示做了,鼓起勇气登上舞台。由于她表演出色,观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。
　　　　　　　　　　,she did 　　　　　　　　　　　　　and gathered up her courage to step onto the stage.　　　　　　　　　　　,thunderous applause burst out from the audience.
Nervous as she was
as her teacher instructed her
As she performed well
进阶提升·写作微练
动作描写
常用词汇
1.catch sight of 看见;瞥到
2.peer/gaze 端详;细看/凝视
3.peep/peek at偷看;窥视
4.glare at/stare at/glance at怒瞪/盯着看/匆匆一瞥
5.make sth/sb out 辨认出某物或某人
6.shrug one’s shoulders 某人耸了耸肩
7.dash into 冲进;冲入
8.throw oneself into the sky 向上跳跃
9.nod/shake/scratch one’s head 点头/摇头/挠头
常用句型
1.She got off the car excitedly,laughing and jumping.
她兴奋地下车,又笑又跳。
2.She dashed forward,squatted down and gathered her son into her arms.
她冲上前去,蹲下身子,把儿子抱在怀里。
3.Peeking through the crack of the kitchen door,Jane found that her mother was concentrating on preparing dinner for her.
简从厨房门缝里偷偷看了一眼,发现母亲正在专注地为她准备晚餐。
微写作训练
1.他们匆忙赶到车站,却发现火车在五分钟前就开走了。看着空荡荡的车站,他们绝望地哭了。
They hurried to the station,only to find that the train had gone five minutes ago.Watching the empty station,they cried hopelessly.
2.男人耸了耸肩,冲进黑暗中,留下汤姆坐在房间里一言不发。
The man shrugged his shoulders and dashed into the darkness,leaving Tom seated in the room speechlessly.
写作专项指导
辩论性文章
1.文体类型:关于海洋探索的辩论性文章,属于议论文范畴,常用于针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法。
2.要点内容:(1)反对海洋探索的人的观点;(2)支持海洋探索的人的观点。
文本解读
思路指引
实用表达
1.议论文文体首段:引出讨论话题。
Recently...had a heated discussion about whether...or not.
People hold different opinions about...
2.议论文文体中段:对比双方观点及陈述理由。
(1)表达支持的常用句式。
Some are in favour of...(be for/approve of/agree with/support...)
There are many advantages of...
...play an important part in...
...is of vital significance for/to...
We benefit a lot from...
(2)表达反对的常用句式。
Others are against...(object to/be opposed to...)
Some hold the different views that...
There are also some disadvantages of...
3.议论文文体尾段:表明自己的看法及理由。
In my opinion/In my view/Personally,I think...
The reasons for that are as follows...
Taking everything into consideration,we should make good use of...
Only in this way can we...
佳作建构
假设你是李华,最近你班就“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”进行了讨论。请你根据提示内容,用英语给某英文报社的编辑写一封电子邮件来报道此事。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.获得更多的海洋资源; 2.加深对地球上生命的理解。 1.造成海洋污染,导致海洋生物死亡; 2.破坏生态系统。 ……
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.邮件的称呼和落款已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
Yours,
Li Hua
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接话题词汇
1.　　　　 v.探索;考察;勘探
2.　　　　 vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏
n.谋杀;凶杀
3.　　　　 n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
4.　 　　　 n.反对者;对手;竞争者
5.　　　　 adj.海的;海产的;海生的
explore
murder
mercy
opponent
marine
Ⅱ.巧用核心句式、语法
1.人们应该广泛探索海洋吗
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 extensively
2.昨天,我们班对此进行了激烈的讨论。
Our class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 yesterday.
Should people explore the oceans
had a heated discussion about it
3.探索海洋可能会发现新的食物和能源资源,并加深我们对地球上生命的理解,一些人支持海洋探索。
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 discover new sources of food and energy and improves our understanding of life on Earth,
　.
4.海洋探索的反对者认为这可能会导致非常多的污染,甚至会破坏水下生态系统。
　　　　　　　 　　　　　 think that it may bring about
　　　　　　　 it can destroy the underwater ecosystem.
As sea exploration makes it possible to
some are in favour
of it
Opponents of sea exploration
so much
pollution that
5.而且,如此多的海洋动物已被残忍地杀害,海洋物种的多样性正在遭受破坏。
Besides,so many marine animals 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and the diversity of sea species is being destroyed.
6.在我看来,保持环境风险和经济需求之间的平衡可以保证和谐的海洋探索。
Personally,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 can guarantee harmonious sea exploration.
have been murdered without mercy
balancing environmental risks with economic needs
亮点提升
1.用whether引导的宾语从句改写升级句1和句2。
Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether people should explore the oceans extensively or not.
2.用with复合结构改写升级句5。
Besides,with so many marine animals murdered without mercy,the diversity of sea species is being destroyed.
范文展示
Dear Editor,
Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether people should explore the oceans extensively or not.
As sea exploration makes it possible to discover new sources of food and energy and improves our understanding of life on Earth,some are in favour of it. Opponents of sea exploration think that it may bring about so much pollution that it can destroy the underwater ecosystem.Besides,with so many marine animals murdered without mercy,the diversity of sea species is being destroyed.
Personally,balancing environmental risks with economic needs can guarantee harmonious sea exploration.
Yours,
Li Hua
写作练年,海洋旅游业发展迅速。假设你是你校英文报的一名记者,请以“The Advantages and Disadvantages of Developing Ocean Tourism”为题写一篇英文报道。内容包括:
1.发展海洋旅游业的利与弊;
2.你如何看待海洋旅游业的发展。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
The Advantages and Disadvantages
of Developing Ocean Tourism
写作指导
One possible version:
The Advantages and Disadvantages
of Developing Ocean Tourism
In recent years,the ocean tourist industry has become the new growth of economic development in coastal areas,which is considered to have great economical potential by some experts.
However,in addition to the huge profit it brings,there is increasing concern about the popularity of ocean tourism.Some people hold the view that it will cause serious ocean pollution and crowded tourists will ruin the balance between nature and human beings.
In my view,we need to protect our environment while developing ocean tourism.Sustainable development does matter.
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供
n.扩大;延伸
adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的
①(从……)延伸到……
②使某物/事延长/延伸……
extension
extend (from)...to...
extend sth by
extensive
③我要感谢这么多年来为我做了很多的老师、父母和朋友们。
I’d like to extend my thanks to all my teachers,parents and friends,who have done so much for me over the years.
2.withdraw vi.& vt. (使)撤回;撤离;使退出;提取;收回
n.收回;撤回;退出;取款
①从……退出/撤回(……)
②从……取钱
③尽管艾丽丝受伤了,但是她没有退出比赛。
withdrawal
withdraw(...)from...
withdraw money from
Although Alice was injured,she didn’t withdraw from the race.
3.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
adj.仁慈的;慈悲的
adj.残忍的;无情的
①任由……摆布
②残忍地;无情地
③幸运的是
merciful
merciless
at the mercy of...
without mercy
It’s a mercy that...
④吉姆很同情布莱克一家人,他尽自己的最大努力去帮助他们。
Jim showed mercy to/had mercy on the Blacks,and he made every effort to help them.
4.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制
vt.拥有;控制;支配
①占有,拥有
②具有,拥有
③被……拥有,归……所有
④他是一个很有才华的音乐家,拥有非凡的音乐天赋。
possess
take possession of
in possession of
in the possession of
He is a talented musician possessed of extraordinary musical gift.
5.access vt.进入;使用;获取
n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会
adj.易接近的;可到达的;可使用的,容易理解的
①去……的通道;……的机会
②接近;进入;拥有……的机会
accessible
the access to...
have/gain/get access to
③学校的体育设施对学生开放,他们可以在课余时间进行体育锻炼。
School sports facilities are accessible to students,allowing them to do physical exercise during their free time.
Ⅱ.重点语法回顾
1.在“It is+adj.+of/for sb to do sth”句型中,当形容词表达事物的特征时,介词用for;当形容词表达人的特征或品质时,介词用of。
2.在“动词+it+adj./n.+动词不定式”结构中,it为形式宾语,不定式为真正的宾语。常用于该结构的动词有feel、find、think、believe、consider、make等。
3.序数词、形容词最高级或the last、the only、the next等后或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
4.不定式作结果状语时,通常表示出乎意料的结果;而现在分词作结果状语时,通常表示自然而然的结果。
5.下列动词接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语:一感(feel),二听(hear、listen to),三让(let、make、have),五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)。　　People have been exploring the sea since ancient times.The sea is one of the most mysterious and vast fields on Earth.It covers over 71% of Earth’s surface and is the largest ecosystem on the planet.However,maintaining ecological balance in exploring the sea is not an easy task.
Part 1　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.wave　　　　 n.海浪
2.fleet n.舰队;机群;车队
3.navigate v.导航;航行
4.strait n.海峡
5.channel n.航道;海峡;频道
6.voyage n.航海;航行
7.seashore n.海岸
8.bay n.海湾
9.submersible n.潜水器;可潜船
10.capsule n.胶囊;太空舱
11.coral n.珊瑚
核心单词
1.species　　　 n.物种;种类
2.technology n.技术;工艺
3.bond n.纽带;关系
vt.& vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合
4.research v.& n.研究;调查
5.manned adj.有人控制的;需人操纵的
6.underwater adv.在水下
adj.水下的
运用词汇
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供→extension n.扩大;延伸→extensive adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的
2.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商→negotiation n.谈判;磋商;协商→negotiable adj.可谈判的;可协商的
3.explore v.探索;探测;探险→exploration n.勘探;勘查;探索
4.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回;撤离;使退出;提取;收回→withdrawal n.收回;撤回;退出;取款
5.diverse adj.多种多样的;不同的→diversity n.多样性;多样化
6.threat n.威胁→threaten vt.威胁;危及
7.mixture n.混合;结合体;混合物→mix vt.& vi.(使)混合;调配→mixed adj.混合的
8.survive vi.生存,存活 vt.幸存;幸免于难→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者
9.exist vi.存在;生存→existence n.存在;生存→existing adj.现存的;现行的
重点词块
1.be surrounded by 　　　　　 被……包围
2.set sail 起航;开航
3.centre around 以……为中心
4.be heavy with 充满;有大量的……
5.within easy reach 很容易到达;在附近
6.in return for 作为对……的回报/交换
7.be rich in 富含……
8.in years to come 在未来几年
9.a wide range of 大量的;范围广的
10.from a scientific point of view 从科学的角度来看
11.in hand 在手头;可供使用
12.get a clear look at 看清楚
重点句型
1.现代潜水器现已能下潜到曾被认为无法到达的区域。(what引导名词性从句)
Modern submersibles can now dive to depths of what were previously considered unreachable zones.
2.工程师们正在开发新的深海采矿技术,它们既带来了经济机遇,又引发了环境方面的担忧。(现在进行时的被动语态;which引导非限制性定语从句)
New deep-sea mining technologies are being developed by engineers,which raise both economic opportunities and environmental concerns.
3.承袭数百年的航海智慧,保护海洋生态的责任和发展可持续蓝色经济的愿景,正激励着科学家们将传统与创新融合。(with复合结构;动词不定式作后置定语)
With centuries of navigation wisdom preserved,the duty to protect marine ecosystems and the vision to achieve sustainable blue economies are inspiring scientists to harmonise tradition with innovation.
[教师备用]
答案:1.Trade and curiosity　2.ancient times　3.Ming Dynasty　4.being revisited　5.important projects 6.the future
(　　)1.Why did the early explorers search for sea routes
A.Because they wanted to find the sea routes from east to west.
B.Because they wanted to discover the mysteries of the sea.
C.Because they were inspired by Marco Polo’s tales.
D.Because they were driven by curiosity and the need to trade.
(　　)2.How did ancient China trade with other countries
A.By overland trading.
B.By using the Silk Road and sea routes.
C.By inviting foreign merchants to China.
D.By negotiating with explorers of other countries.
(　　)3.Where did China explore with other countries in recent years
A.The Red Sea. B.The Arctic.
C.The South China Sea. D.The east coast of Africa.
(　　)4.What’s the aim of the Belt and Road Initiative
A.To transform the historic Silk Road.
B.To create a worldwide trading atmosphere.
C.To search for new trading partners.
D.To encourage international trade and cooperation.
答案:1.D　2.B　3.B　4.D　
1.set sail 起航;开航
After graduating,we will set sail for new horizons and pursue our dreams.
毕业后,我们将起航前往新的天地,追求梦想。
A committee has been set up to organise social events in the college.
学院成立了一个委员会来组织社会活动。
On a lazy Sunday morning,I set out to read the new book that my teacher recommended.
在一个慵懒的星期日上午,我开始读老师推荐的那本新书。
归纳拓展 set sail for 开船;起航前往…… set sail from 从……起航 set up 建立;安装好;设置;引发;产生 set foot on 踏上;踏足于 set off 动身;出发;引爆;引发 set out to do sth 开始做某事 set about doing sth 着手做某事 set down 写下;记下;放下
(1)句子语法填空
①They’ve set 　　　　 a fund for victims of the earthquake.
②When the experiment was over,he set out 　　　　 (write) a report about it immediately.
③At the start of the new term,I set 　　　　 planning my extracurricular activities and joining clubs that interest me.
(2)完成句子
④我对暑假充满期待,我将和家人起航,开启欧洲之旅。
I am looking forward to the summer vacation and I will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
答案:(1)①up　②to write　③about
(2)④set sail for a trip to Europe with my family
With all the preparations made,we set out to make popcorn.Meanwhile,we set down “Delicious Popcorn” on a board and we planned to set it up in front of our stand.Then,we set off for the market like happy birds.
做好所有准备,我们开始制作爆米花。同时,我们在一块木板上写下“美味的爆米花”,打算把它放置在我们的摊位前。然后,我们像快乐的小鸟一样向市场出发了。
2.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供
extension n.扩大;延伸
extensive adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的
We should try our best to extend our knowledge beyond just what’s taught in textbooks.
我们应该尽力去扩展我们的知识面,而不仅仅局限于课本上教授的知识。
When planning my vacation,I will extend my travel route to explore more interesting attractions and cities.
在规划假期时,我会延伸旅行的路线,探索更多有趣的景点和城市。
归纳拓展 extend (from)...to...(从……)延伸到…… extend...to...提供;给予 extend sth by 使某物/事延长/延伸……
(1)句子语法填空
①This library has an 　　　　 (extend) collection of books covering various subjects.
②The school decided to provide an opportunity for new students to take an 　　　　 (extend) course,helping them better adapt to school life.
(2)翻译句子
③我们应该向每一个帮助过我们的人表达感激之情。
答案:(1)①extensive　②extension　(2)③We should extend our gratitude to everyone who has helped us.
Mexico City has an extensive subway system but it hasn’t been extended to some places that have seen a rapid population growth.The extension of the subway will take several months.
墨西哥城有分布广泛的地铁系统,但是还没有延伸到一些人口增长迅速的地区。扩建地铁将需数月。
3.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议)
vi.谈判;磋商;协商
negotiation n.谈判;磋商;协商
The president of the student union negotiated with the teachers about the details of holding a campus culture festival.
学生会的主席与老师们就举办校园文化节的活动细节进行了商讨。
The details of the contract are still under negotiation.
合约的细节仍在协商中。
归纳拓展 ·negotiate with sb about/for sth=negotiate sth with sb与某人商议/谈判某事 ·under negotiation 在协商中 enter into/open/conduct negotiations with sb和某人开始/展开/进行谈判
完成句子
①希望我们能与他们就如何解决冲突进行谈判。
It is hoped that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②我们和另一所学校的篮球队正在就友谊赛的日期和地点进行商讨。
We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 regarding the date and location of a friendly match.
③为了筹备即将到来的校园活动,学生组织决定与校方管理层进行商议,以争取更多的
支持。
To prepare for the upcoming campus event,the student organisation decided to 　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the school administration to secure more support.
答案:①we will negotiate with them about/for how to solve the conflict　②are under negotiation with the basketball team from another school　③enter into/open/conduct negotiations with
4.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回;撤离;使退出;提取;收回
withdrawal n.收回;撤回;退出;取款
He was forced to withdraw from the competition due to injury.
由于受伤,他不得不退出比赛。
He didn’t withdraw his remarks or apologise.
他既没撤回自己的言论,也没道歉。
归纳拓展 withdraw(...)from...从……退出/撤回(……) withdraw money from从……取钱
withdraw本身已经包含了“……回”之意,故不能再和back连用,类似用法的动词还有return、repay等。
(1)句子语法填空
①He made a 　　　　 (withdraw) from his bank account to pay for his tuition fees.
(2)完成句子
②He had to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (退出足球比赛) due to a sudden ankle injury,which disappointed him deeply.
答案:(1)①withdrawal　(2)②withdraw from the soccer match
5.in hand 在手头;可供使用
Before going to class,make sure you have all your learning materials in hand.
在去上课之前,确保你所有的学习资料都在手边。
When preparing for a class presentation,it’s helpful to have your slides and notes at hand.
在为课堂演示做准备时,手头有你的幻灯片和笔记是很有帮助的。
归纳拓展 at hand 近在手边;在近处(随时可用);即将发生 at first hand 第一手;亲自 by hand 手工 hand in hand 手挽手;密切关联 give/lend sb a hand 帮助某人
完成句子
①The city has convenient transportation,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (你需要的一切都近在咫尺).
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我亲自见证了这场比赛的精彩瞬间) and felt the excitement of the audience.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (学生们用手工制作了环保艺术品) to demonstrate their concern for environmental protection.
答案:①everything you need is at hand　②I witnessed the exciting moments of the game at first hand　③The students created eco-friendly art pieces by hand
there is a need to do sth 有必要做某事
There is a need to raise public awareness about climate change in order to deal with global warming.
有必要提高公众对气候变化的认识,以应对全球变暖。
You have prepared for this exam so there is no need to be worried.
你已经为考试做好了准备,因此完全没必要担心。
归纳拓展 in need 在危难中,在危急中 in need of 需要 there is no need for...……是没有必要的 there is no need for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事没有必要
常见的There be句式如下所示。
There is no point/sense (in) doing sth做某事没有意义
There is no use/good (in) doing sth做某事没有用处/好处
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is no denying that...不可否认……
完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (不可否认) protecting the environment is of great importance.
②High school life is not only about acquiring knowledge,but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　 (也有必要发展个人的兴趣和才能).
③　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 (毫无疑问) regular participation in sports activities has a positive impact on physical health and academic performance.
答案:①There is no denying that　②there is also a need to develop personal interests and talents　③There is no doubt that
[教师备用]
The ancient sea routes ①travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,②which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出,郑和航行过的古代航道如今再度受到关注。
分析:本句是一个主从复合句。句中①为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词短语The ancient sea routes;②为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,which在从句中作主语。
①我们昨天参加了李教授主题为海洋资源保护的讲座,这提升了我们的环境保护意识。
②上个星期,我们参加了我们学校组织的越野跑比赛,这考验了我们的体力。
答案:①We attended the lecture on marine resources protection delivered by Professor Li yesterday,which raised our awareness of environmental protection.
②Last week,we took part in the cross-country running race organised by our school,which tested our physical strength.
逻辑衔接描写
1.however 然而
2.finally 最后
3.therefore 因此;所以
4.although 尽管
5.also 还
6.instead 代替;顶替;反而
7.here 在这里
8.later 后来
9.first of all 首先
10.in the beginning 开始;开端;起初
11.as a result 因此;结果
12.in closing 最后;在结束前
13.for example 例如
14.what’s worse 更糟糕的是
15.what’s more 而且;更重要的是;另外
16.thanks to 由于;幸亏
17.believe it or not 信不信由你
18.on the whole 基本上;大体上;总的说来
19.not only...but also...不仅……而且……
1.What’s more,children can also see many animals here like koalas,kangaroos and sheep.
更重要的是,在这里孩子们还可以看到很多动物,比如考拉、袋鼠和绵羊。
2.Through the exhibition,not only can you admire wonderful pictures,but also it can enable you to have a better understanding of traditional Chinese painting.
通过展览,你不仅可以欣赏到精彩的图画,而且展览也可以让你更好地了解中国传统绘画。
1.海洋在我们的世界中起着关键作用。海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物,而且还维持了大自然的平衡。因此,保护海洋势在必行。首先,我们能做的是注意自己的日常行为,例如不能把垃圾扔进海洋里。此外,我们还可以发传单,呼吁更多的人保护海洋。
2.经过几个月的精心治疗,医生发现男孩的病情正在好转。最后,男孩完全康复,医生通知他的父母他可以在第二天出院。男孩的母亲认为,她儿子的康复奇迹很大程度上是医护人员努力的结果。
答案:1.The ocean plays a key role in our world.It not only provides us with enough food,but also maintains the balance of nature.Therefore,it is imperative to protect it.First of all,what we can do is pay attention to our daily behaviour.For example,garbage cannot be thrown into the ocean.In addition,we can also distribute leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.
2.After several months of careful treatment,the doctor found that the boy’s condition was improving.Finally,the boy fully recovered and the doctor informed his parents that he could be discharged the next day.The boy’s mother believed that the miracle of her son’s recovery was mostly the result of the efforts of medical staff.
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
　　Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest 1.　　　　 (achieve).In ancient times,silk from China found its way along 2.　　　　 became known as the Silk Road.A trading route across the sea 3.　　　　 (extend) along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,4.　　　　 (centre) around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).Here,merchants from China and many other places met 5.　　　　 (negotiate) trade deals.Between 1405 and 1433,seven large fleets,6.　　　　 the command of Zheng He,sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.To reach out across the sea 7.　　　　 (remain) a strong desire today.The Belt and Road Initiative has been proposed,8.　　　　 (encourage) cooperation and trade and strengthening the bonds between China and the rest of the world.Trading has grown 9.　　　　 (great) in recent years,and will continue to do so in years to come.With the latest technology in hand,the need to trade and 10.　　　　 desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
答案:1.achievements　2.what　 3.was extended　4.centred　5.to negotiate　6.under　7.remains 8.encouraging　9.greatly　10.the
语法专项指导
动词不定式
　　动词不定式的基本构成是“to+动词原形”(其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”)。不定式仍保留着动词的部分特性,可以带宾语和状语构成不定式短语,有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式(短语)具有名词、形容词或副词的某些句法功能,在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态 意义
一般时 to do to be done 与谓语动作同时或在其后发生
进行时 to be doing — 在谓语动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行
完成时 to have done to have been done 在谓语动作之前发生
完成进 行时 to have been doing — 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前并且一直在进行
I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
我打算参加明天举行的会议。(hold发生在plan之后,且meeting与hold之间为被动关系)
They are said to be studying psychology.
据说,他们正在研究心理学。(study与say同时发生,且正在进行)
I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
让你一直无所事事地坐着,我很抱歉。(keep发生在be sorry之前)
She is known to have been dealing with the problems for many years.
大家知道,她处理这类难题已经有很多年了。
(deal with发生在know之前,且动作一直在进行)
翻译句子
①她似乎正在考虑买一辆新车。
②受邀来玛丽的生日聚会是极大的荣幸。
答案:①She seems to be considering buying a new car.　②It’s a great honour to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.
二、动词不定式的句法功能
1.动词不定式作主语
　　动词不定式具有名词的作用,在句中作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语,即动词不定式移到句子的后面。
To balance study and play is critical but challenging for many teenagers.
对许多青少年来说,平衡好学习和玩耍是至关重要的,但也是很难的。
It’s necessary and important to know some basic rules of sea voyages.
了解一些海上航行的基本规则很有必要,也很重要。
在“It is +adj.+of/for sb to do sth” 句型中,当形容词表达事物的特征时,用for sb;当形容词表达人的特征或品质时,用of sb。
句子语法填空
①It is important for us students 　　　　　　　　 (work) out on a regular basis.
②　　　　　　　　 (climb) up the mountain is easy,while to go down is hard.
答案:①to work　②To climb
2.动词不定式作表语
　　动词不定式作表语,常用来表示某一个具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。
His purpose is to arouse people’s awareness of protecting various marine resources on Earth.
他的目的是唤起人们保护地球上各种海洋资源的意识。
The important thing in life is to have a great goal and the determination to achieve it.
人生重要的事情就是,确立一个伟大的目标并决心实现这个目标。
动词不定式作表语时需放在系动词后面,表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用,其主语常常是dream、wish、idea、plan、task、purpose、aim、duty、job、goal等含有意向、打算、职责等意义的词。
句子语法填空
①Whether we will succeed or not remains 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (see).
②My desired goal is 　　　　　　　　 (get) into my preferred university.
答案:①to be seen　②to get
3.动词不定式作宾语
常用不定式作宾语的动词 三个希望两答应:hope、wish、want、agree、promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand、ask、refuse
设法学会作决定:manage、learn、decide
不要假装在选择:pretend、choose
打算提出两计划:intend、offer、plan、mean
申请失败负担得起:apply、fail、afford
准备愿望又碰巧:prepare、desire、happen
“动词+it+adj./n.+动词不定式”结构 it 为形式宾语,不定式为真正的宾语。常用于该结构的动词有feel、find、think、believe、consider、make等
The vast sea never fails to earn curiosity and amazement from people.
浩瀚的大海总能引起人们的好奇和惊叹。
They feel it worthwhile to have such a great trip.
他们觉得这样一次伟大的旅行是值得的。
既可跟动词-ing形式又可跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语):
①意义有很大区别的动词(短语):
forget
regret
try
stop
go on
②意义区别不大,有时可互换的动词(短语):
begin/start 　开始做某事
continue 　继续做某事
like/love 　喜欢做某事
句子语法填空
①After countless interviews,I managed 　　　　　　　　 (stand) out among the candidates.
②The new monitor promised 　　　　　　 (do) the best she could for us all.
③I remembered 　　　　　　　　 (lock) the door before I left the office,but I forgot to turn off the lights.
答案:①to stand　②to do　③locking
4.动词不定式作定语
　　动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,与所修饰的词之间是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。
The best way to learn English is to use it.
学英语最好的方法是使用它。
He is the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
动词不定式作定语可表示将来的、还没发生的动作,有以下几种情况。
①序数词、形容词最高级或the last、the only、the next 等后或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
②抽象名词chance、opportunity、time、way、reason、ability、promise、attempt等后常用动词不定式作定语。
③something、nothing、anything等不定代词后常用动词不定式作定语。
句子语法填空
①We are invited to a party 　　　　　　　 (hold) in our club next Friday.
②All the teachers 　　　　　　　　 (attend) the opening ceremony tomorrow should wear the uniforms.
③You should have the ability 　　　　　　　　 (solve) complicated problems.
答案:①to be held　②to attend　③to solve
5.动词不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语时,常位于句首或句中,形式上可用in order to do、so as to do、to do等,但so as to do不能置于句首。
I get up early so as to/in order to/to catch the early bus in the morning.
我早晨早起是为了赶早班车。
In order to pass the exam,he worked hard.
为了通过考试,他努力学习。
作目的状语的动词不定式中的动作必须是主语发出的。
To learn English well,he bought a dictionary.
为了学好英语,他买了一本词典。
(2)作结果状语时,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,常用结构有enough to、“so/such...to”、“too...to”、only to等。
He is clever enough to work out the difficult maths problem.
他足够聪明,所以能计算出那道很难的数学题。
I’m too tired to stay up any longer.
我太累了,不能再熬夜了。
不定式作结果状语时,通常表示出乎意料的结果;而现在分词作结果状语时,通常表示自然而然的结果。
We hurried to the station,only to be told that the train had left.
我们匆匆赶到车站,结果被告知火车已经开走了。
Football is played all over the world,making it one of the most popular sports.
世界各地的人们都在踢足球,这使足球成了最受欢迎的运动之一。
(3)作原因状语时,常与表示情感的形容词连用,如sorry、disappointed、excited、glad、happy、frightened、surprised、delighted、pleased等。
I’m delighted to hear that you are keen on traditional Chinese culture.
听说你喜欢中国传统文化,我很高兴。
动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词,如easy、hard、difficult、pleasant、good、fit、comfortable等后面作状语,构成“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is difficult to understand.
这本书很难理解。
The chair is very comfortable to sit on.
这椅子坐上去很舒服。
句子语法填空
①Yesterday I went to see her,only 　　　　　　　　　　 (tell) that she had gone abroad a week before.
②　　　　　　　　 (improve) her spoken English,she seized every possible opportunity to practise it.
答案:①to be told　②To improve
6.动词不定式作宾语补足语
　　动词不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一句型中,宾语通常是动词不定式的逻辑主语。常见的用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask、want、invite、force、expect、allow、order、advise、teach、persuade、remind、tell、forbid等。
Teach a man to fish and he’ll feed himself for a lifetime.
授人以渔,他就能终生有鱼吃。
Teachers asked us to take exercise on a regular basis.
老师让我们定期锻炼。
句子语法填空
①My English teacher asked me 　　　　　　　　 (give) a presentation to the class.
②I wanted you 　　　　　　　　 (sign) up for some after-class activities.
答案:①to give　②to sign
三、动词不定式省略to的情况
1.在某些使役动词或感官动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式,常省略to;但当这些动词用于被动结构,其后的to就必须还原。这类词可以用以下口诀助记:一感(feel),二听(hear、listen to),三让(let、make、have),五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)。
I often hear him sing the song.(主动语态)
我经常听见他唱那首歌。
He is often heard to sing the song.(被动语态)
人们经常听见他唱那首歌。
2.在why引导的疑问句中,表示建议时,动词不定式省略to。
Why not conduct the interview right now
为什么不马上进行面试呢
3.在cannot but、cannot choose but、cannot help but之后的动词不定式省略to。
I cannot but admire his courage.
我只能佩服他的勇气。
4.动词不定式在but、except、besides后面时,如果这些词前面有动词do的任何形式时,那么,这些词后的动词不定式省略to,否则不省略to。
She could do nothing but cry.
她除了哭,不能做任何事。
I have no choice but to work for the firm.
除了为这家公司工作,我别无选择。
What do you like to do besides swim
除了游泳,你还喜欢做什么
5.两个或两个以上的不定式并列,第一个不定式中的to不能省略,第二个不定式中的to可省略;但是当两个不定式表示对比关系时,第二个不定式中的to也不能省略。
Her work is to keep the house clean and (to) look after the children.(并列关系)
她的工作就是打扫房子,并且照看孩子。
I’m really puzzled about what to think or (to) say.(并列关系)
该想什么,该说什么,我确实困惑了。
They didn’t tell me whether to go on or to stop.(对比关系)
他们没有告诉我是继续下去还是停止。
6.不定式作表语时,若谓语动词前面出现动词do的任何形式,则表语中不定式中的to可
省略。
The next thing that she wants to do is (to) thank her coach.
她想要做的下一件事情是感谢她的教练。
句子语法填空
①I had nothing to do but 　　　　 (wait) outside of the gate.
②What I want to do at the weekend is 　　　　 (have) a good rest.
③They couldn’t choose but 　　　　 (stay) there.
答案:①wait　②have　③stay
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 　　　　 (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
2.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Growing up,my family and our neighbours never used clotheslines to dry clothing,denying me the chance 　　　　 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)However,if I need 　　　　 (check) the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there’s nothing better.
4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days 　　　　 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
5.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility,said Edmondson,adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 　　　　 (find) the connection between the two great writers.
答案及剖析:
1.to present　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用非谓语动词,hope to do sth意为“希望做某事”,所以设空处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to present。
2.to discover　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词,the chance to do sth为固定搭配,意为“做某事的机会”,所以设空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to discover。
3.to check　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是动词不定式作宾语。故填to check。
4.to give　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to give。
5.to find　考查非谓语动词。此处是“be+adj.+to do”的固定结构,用主动形式表达被动意义。故填to find。
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The question is very difficult　　　　　　　　 (answer).
2.The goal of this activity is 　　　　　 (meet) the needs of common people.
3.Don’t try to hide anything from your mother.She appears 　　　　　　　　 (tell) everything.
4.The airport 　　　　　　　　 (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
5.The first debate was supposed 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (hold) on last Tuesday.
6.Jack was in low spirits those days and his friends did all they could 　　　　　　　　 (cheer) him up.
7.Martin showed no anxiety about the competition.He seemed 　　　　　　　　 (prepare) for it pretty well.
8.　　　　　　　　 (admit) to a university in the UK,international students must display strong abilities in spoken and written English.
答案:1.to answer　2.to meet　3.to have been told 4.to be completed　5.to have been held　6.to cheer　7.to have prepared　8.To be admitted
Ⅱ.语段填空
To live is 1.　　　　　　　　 (learn).I love China and I’m happy 2.　　　　　　　　 (see) China developing so fast.3.　　　　　 　　　 (study) Chinese well,I decided 4.　　　　　　　　 (go) to China last year,only 5.　　　　　　　 　 (find) living in China is more pared to many other countries,it is safer 6.　　 　　　　　 (walk) in the street at night in China as there are monitors and the police are always the first
7.　　　　　　　　 (show) up to protect you.I advise you 8.　　　　　　　　 (visit) the great country 9.　　　　　　　　 (feel) its charm one day.
答案:1.to learn　2.to see　3.To study　4.to go　5.to find　6.to walk　7.to show　8.to visit
9.to feelPart 2　核心考点突破
阅读单词
1.reptile　　　　 n.爬行动物
2.altitude n.海拔;海拔高度
3.marine adj.海的;海产的;海生的
核心单词
1.habitat　　　　 n.栖息地
2.continent n.洲,大洲;大陆
3.log vt.把……载入正式记录;记录
n.正式记录;日志;原木
4.characteristic n.特征;特点;品质
运用词汇
1.migration n.迁移;移居→migrate vt.迁徙;移居;迁移→migratory adj.迁移的;迁徙的
2.cruel adj.残忍的;残酷的→cruelty n.残忍;残酷;暴行→cruelly adv.残忍地;残暴地
3.exploit vt.开发;利用→exploitation n.开发,开采;利用
4.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的;慈悲的→merciless adj.残忍的,无情的
5.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制→possess vt.拥有;控制;支配
6.access vt.进入;使用;获取 n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会→accessible adj.易接近的;可到达的;可使用的;容易理解的
重点词块
1.die out 　　　　　　　灭绝;逐渐消失
2.under pressure 在压力下;承受压力
3.tell...apart 区分……
4.without mercy 残忍地;无情地
5.take action 采取行动
6.day and night 日日夜夜;夜以继日
7.out of control 失去控制
8.search for 搜查;查找
9.at the speed of 以……的速度
10.put...into operation (使)生效;(使)实行
重点句型
1.过度捕捞破坏了海洋食物链,导致多个物种的数量减少。(现在分词作结果状语)
Overfishing destroyed marine food chains,causing population declines in multiple species.
2.我们需要改进深海通讯系统,以便我们能与潜水器保持实时联系。(so that引导目的状语从句)
We need to improve deep-sea communication systems so that we can maintain contact with submersibles in real time.
3.随着电池技术逐步发展,水下无人机可以持续工作数月。(as引导状语从句)
As battery technology evolves,underwater drones can operate continuously for months.
[教师备用]
答案:1.pollution　2.Mining　3.Overfishing　4.take action　5.resources　6.economic needs
(　　)1.Why does the writer mention the Deepwater Horizon
A.To show it has more gallons of oil. B.To explain its influence on animals.
C.To stress the bad effects of plastic. D.To prove it has caused serious pollution.
(　　)2.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The risks about sea exploration.
B.The benefits about sea exploration.
C.The necessities and risks about sea exploration.
D.The balance between sea exploration and protection.
答案:1.D　2.C　
1.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
merciful adj.仁慈的;慈悲的
merciless adj.残忍的;无情的
They had mercy on their neighbour for he suffered a lot.
他们对这个邻居表示怜悯,因为他遭受的苦难太多了。
The doctor showed mercy to the dying patient and did everything possible to save him.
医生怜悯这个垂死的病人,并尽一切可能挽救他的生命。
Our ship was at the mercy of the waves.
我们的船任凭海浪摆布。
It’s a mercy that the accident happened so close to the hospital.
幸运的是,事故发生在离医院很近的地方。
归纳拓展 show mercy to/have mercy on对……怜悯/宽恕/同情 at the mercy of...任由……摆布 without mercy残忍地;无情地 It’s a mercy that...幸运的是
(1)句子语法填空
①The 　　　　 (mercy) sun provided warmth to the chilled travellers,while the 　　　　 (mercy) storm raged on,leaving no mercy for those caught in its path.
(2)完成句子
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (暴风雨无情地袭击了这座城市),causing huge losses to the residents.
③Ships sailing on the open sea are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (完全听命于风浪的摆布).
④When facing classmates’ mistakes and errors,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们应该展现出怜悯和包容) and help them correct them,instead of laughing at them.
答案:(1)①merciful;merciless　(2)②The storm attacked the city without mercy　③entirely at the mercy of the winds and waves　④we should show mercy and tolerance
2.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制
possess vt.拥有;控制;支配
The company that Tom is in possession of was once in the possession of his uncle.
汤姆现在拥有的公司曾经是他叔叔的。
(2024·全国甲卷)But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.
但是猫是特殊的动物,拥有令人赞叹的发声技能。
When did you take possession of your new house
你是什么时候拥有新房子的
归纳拓展 ·take possession of 占有;拥有 in possession of 具有;拥有 in the possession of 被……拥有;归……所有 ·be possessed of 具有某种品质(或特征)
in possession of表示主动,其主语通常是人;in the possession of 表示被动,其主语通常是物。类似短语:①in charge of,表示“负责……”;in the charge of,表示“由……负责”;②in control of,表示 “控制……”;in the control of,表示 “被……控制”。
(1)句子语法填空
①When you get out of the taxi,make sure that none of your 　　　　 (possess) are left behind.
(2)完成句子
②The library is 　　　　　　　　　　　 (拥有) a vast collection of rare historical documents.
③As a sports enthusiast,Xiao Wang 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (拥有出色的运动技能).
答案:(1)①possessions　(2)②in possession of　③is possessed of outstanding athletic skills
The company possessed by him was once in the possession of his father.He is possessed of the most brilliant talents and often donates some of his possessions to the people in need.
他拥有的那家公司曾经归他父亲所有。他才能出众,并经常把他的一些财产捐给有需要
的人。
3.access vt.进入;使用;获取
n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会
accessible adj. 易接近的;可到达的;可使用的;容易理解的
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth,access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.
随着城市的飞速发展,生活在市区的人们越来越难以接触到大自然。
Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.
药品不应该放在孩子们能接触到的地方。
归纳拓展 ·the access to...去……的通道;……的机会 have/gain/get access to 接近;进入;拥有……的机会 ·be accessible to...可进入……;可使用……
(1)完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (这本小说的语言简单易懂) and suitable for readers of all ages.
②They are studying how to improve the system so that users can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (更方便地访问信息).
(2)翻译句子
③去那农舍的唯一通道是穿过田野。
答案:(1)①The language of this novel is accessible　②more easily access information　(2)③The only access to the farmhouse is to go across the fields.
4.arrest n. 逮捕;拘留;中止
vt. 逮捕;拘留;阻止;吸引(注意力)
(2025·浙江1月卷)They pursued and arrested the man.
他们追捕并逮捕了那名男子。
An unusual painting arrested his attention.
一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意。
It is reported that the murderer has been under arrest.
据报道,凶手已被逮捕。
归纳拓展 ·arrest sb for...因……而逮捕某人 arrest one’s attention引起某人的注意 ·get arrested遭逮捕 ·under arrest被捕;在押
(1)句子语法填空
①After a series of investigations,the suspect was placed 　　　　 arrest by the police.
(2)翻译句子
②他走在街上,一只鸟引起了他的注意。
③这个试图逃跑的犯罪嫌疑人被警方逮捕。
答案:(1)①under　(2)②He walked in the street and a bird arrested his attention.　③The suspect trying to escape was/got arrested by the police.
as引导时间状语从句
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)What did the horse think,as he sped through the night
当那匹马彻夜急速奔跑时,它是怎么想的
As time went by,I gradually adapted myself to the school life.
随着时间的推移,我逐渐适应了学校生活。
归纳拓展 连词as意为“当……的时候;随着”,引导时间状语从句。as作为连词的其他用法如下。 ·表示“如同;按照”,引导方式状语从句。 ·表示“因为;既然”,引导原因状语从句。 ·表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,可与though互换。
as与with表“随着”的区别。
①as是连词,后接时间状语从句;
②with是介词,后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
完成句子
①随着元旦的临近,今年我们班决定举行一场聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。
　　　　　 　　　,our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day this year.
②正如俗语所说,入乡随俗。
As the old saying goes,do 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when in Rome.
③尽管她很紧张,她还是按照老师的指示做了,鼓起勇气登上舞台。由于她表演出色,观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she did 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and gathered up her courage to step onto the stage.　　　　　 　　　　　　　　,
thunderous applause burst out from the audience.
答案:①As New Year’s Day was approaching　
②as the Romans do　③Nervous as she was;as her teacher instructed her;As she performed well
动作描写
1.catch sight of 看见;瞥到
2.peer/gaze 端详;细看/凝视
3.peep/peek at偷看;窥视
4.glare at/stare at/glance at怒瞪/盯着看/匆匆一瞥
5.make sth/sb out 辨认出某物或某人
6.shrug one’s shoulders 某人耸了耸肩
7.dash into 冲进;冲入
8.throw oneself into the sky 向上跳跃
9.nod/shake/scratch one’s head 点头/摇头/挠头
1.She got off the car excitedly,laughing and jumping.
她兴奋地下车,又笑又跳。
2.She dashed forward,squatted down and gathered her son into her arms.
她冲上前去,蹲下身子,把儿子抱在怀里。
3.Peeking through the crack of the kitchen door,Jane found that her mother was concentrating on preparing dinner for her.
简从厨房门缝里偷偷看了一眼,发现母亲正在专注地为她准备晚餐。
1.他们匆忙赶到车站,却发现火车在五分钟前就开走了。看着空荡荡的车站,他们绝望地
哭了。
2.男人耸了耸肩,冲进黑暗中,留下汤姆坐在房间里一言不发。
答案:1.They hurried to the station,only to find that the train had gone five minutes ago.Watching the empty station,they cried hopelessly.
2.The man shrugged his shoulders and dashed into the darkness,leaving Tom seated in the room speechlessly.
写作专项指导
辩论性文章
1.文体类型:关于海洋探索的辩论性文章,属于议论文范畴,常用于针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法。
2.要点内容:(1)反对海洋探索的人的观点;(2)支持海洋探索的人的观点。
1.议论文文体首段:引出讨论话题。
Recently...had a heated discussion about whether...or not.
People hold different opinions about...
2.议论文文体中段:对比双方观点及陈述理由。
(1)表达支持的常用句式。
Some are in favour of...(be for/approve of/agree with/support...)
There are many advantages of...
...play an important part in...
...is of vital significance for/to...
We benefit a lot from...
(2)表达反对的常用句式。
Others are against...(object to/be opposed to...)
Some hold the different views that...
There are also some disadvantages of...
3.议论文文体尾段:表明自己的看法及理由。
In my opinion/In my view/Personally,I think...
The reasons for that are as follows...
Taking everything into consideration,we should make good use of...
Only in this way can we...
假设你是李华,最近你班就“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”进行了讨论。请你根据提示内容,用英语给某英文报社的编辑写一封电子邮件来报道此事。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.获得更多的海洋资源; 2.加深对地球上生命的理解。 1.造成海洋污染,导致海洋生物死亡; 2.破坏生态系统。 ……
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.邮件的称呼和落款已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅰ.对接话题词汇
1.　　　　 v.探索;考察;勘探
2.　　　　 vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏
n.谋杀;凶杀
3.　　　　 n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
4.　　　　 n.反对者;对手;竞争者
5.　　　　 adj.海的;海产的;海生的
答案:1.explore　2.murder　3.mercy　4.opponent 5.marine
Ⅱ.巧用核心句式、语法
1.人们应该广泛探索海洋吗
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 extensively
2.昨天,我们班对此进行了激烈的讨论。
Our class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 yesterday.
3.探索海洋可能会发现新的食物和能源资源,并加深我们对地球上生命的理解,一些人支持海洋探索。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 discover new sources of food and energy and improves our understanding of life on Earth,　.
4.海洋探索的反对者认为这可能会导致非常多的污染,甚至会破坏水下生态系统。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 think that it may bring about　　　　　　　　　　　 it can destroy the underwater ecosystem.
5.而且,如此多的海洋动物已被残忍地杀害,海洋物种的多样性正在遭受破坏。
Besides,so many marine animals 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and the diversity of sea species is being destroyed.
6.在我看来,保持环境风险和经济需求之间的平衡可以保证和谐的海洋探索。
Personally,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 can guarantee harmonious sea exploration.
答案:1.Should people explore the oceans
2.had a heated discussion about it
3.As sea exploration makes it possible to;some are in favour of it
4.Opponents of sea exploration;so much pollution that
5.have been murdered without mercy
6.balancing environmental risks with economic needs
1.用whether引导的宾语从句改写升级句1和句2。
2.用with复合结构改写升级句5。
答案:1.Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether people should explore the oceans extensively or not.
2.Besides,with so many marine animals murdered without mercy,the diversity of sea species is being destroyed.
Dear Editor,
Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether people should explore the oceans extensively or not.
As sea exploration makes it possible to discover new sources of food and energy and improves our understanding of life on Earth,some are in favour of it.Opponents of sea exploration think that it may bring about so much pollution that it can destroy the underwater ecosystem. Besides,with so many marine animals murdered without mercy,the diversity of sea species is being destroyed.
Personally,balancing environmental risks with economic needs can guarantee harmonious sea exploration.
Yours,
Li Hua
近些年,海洋旅游业发展迅速。假设你是你校英文报的一名记者,请以“The Advantages and Disadvantages of Developing Ocean Tourism”为题写一篇英文报道。内容包括:
1.发展海洋旅游业的利与弊;
2.你如何看待海洋旅游业的发展。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
The Advantages and Disadvantages
of Developing Ocean Tourism
One possible version:
The Advantages and Disadvantages
of Developing Ocean Tourism
In recent years,the ocean tourist industry has become the new growth of economic development in coastal areas,which is considered to have great economical potential by some experts.
However,in addition to the huge profit it brings,there is increasing concern about the popularity of ocean tourism.Some people hold the view that it will cause serious ocean pollution and crowded tourists will ruin the balance between nature and human beings.
In my view,we need to protect our environment while developing ocean tourism. Sustainable development does matter.
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供
n.扩大;延伸 extension
adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的 extensive
①(从……)延伸到…… extend (from)...to...
②使某物/事延长/延伸…… extend sth by
③我要感谢这么多年来为我做了很多的老师、父母和朋友们。
I’d like to extend my thanks to all my teachers,parents and friends,who have done so much for me over the years.
2.withdraw vi.& vt. (使)撤回;撤离;使退出;提取;收回
n.收回;撤回;退出;取款 withdrawal
①从……退出/撤回(……) withdraw(...)from...
②从……取钱 withdraw money from
③尽管艾丽丝受伤了,但是她没有退出比赛。
Although Alice was injured,she didn’t withdraw from the race.
3.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
adj.仁慈的;慈悲的 merciful
adj.残忍的;无情的 merciless
①任由……摆布 at the mercy of...
②残忍地;无情地 without mercy
③幸运的是 It’s a mercy that...
④吉姆很同情布莱克一家人,他尽自己的最大努力去帮助他们。
Jim showed mercy to/had mercy on the Blacks,and he made every effort to help them.
4.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制
vt.拥有;控制;支配 possess
①占有,拥有 take possession of
②具有,拥有 in possession of
③被……拥有,归……所有 in the possession of
④他是一个很有才华的音乐家,拥有非凡的音乐天赋。
He is a talented musician possessed of extraordinary musical gift.
5.access vt.进入;使用;获取
n.通道;(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会
adj.易接近的;可到达的;可使用的,容易理解的 accessible
①去……的通道;……的机会 the access to...
②接近;进入;拥有……的机会 have/gain/get access to
③学校的体育设施对学生开放,他们可以在课余时间进行体育锻炼。
School sports facilities are accessible to students,allowing them to do physical exercise during their free time.
Ⅱ.重点语法回顾
1.在“It is+adj.+of/for sb to do sth”句型中,当形容词表达事物的特征时,介词用for;当形容词表达人的特征或品质时,介词用of。
2.在“动词+it+adj./n.+动词不定式”结构中,it为形式宾语,不定式为真正的宾语。常用于该结构的动词有feel、find、think、believe、consider、make等。
3.序数词、形容词最高级或the last、the only、the next等后或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
4.不定式作结果状语时,通常表示出乎意料的结果;而现在分词作结果状语时,通常表示自然而然的结果。
5.下列动词接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语:一感(feel),二听(hear、listen to),三让(let、make、have),五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)。(共104张PPT)
UNIT 3　
头脑风暴·思维发散
　　People have been exploring the sea since ancient times.The sea is one of the most mysterious and vast fields on Earth.It covers over 71% of Earth’s surface and is the largest ecosystem on the planet.However, maintaining ecological balance in exploring the sea is not an easy task.
　
Part 1
核心考点突破
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.wave　　 n.
2.fleet n.
3.navigate v.
4.strait n.
5.channel n.
6.voyage n.
阅读单词
海浪
舰队;机群;车队
导航;航行
海峡
航道;海峡;频道
航海;航行
7.seashore n.
8.bay n.
9.submersible n.
10.capsule n.
11.coral n.
海岸
海湾
潜水器;可潜船
胶囊;太空舱
珊瑚
1. 　　　 n.物种;种类
2. n.技术;工艺
3. n.纽带;关系
vt.& vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合
4. v.& n.研究;调查
5. adj.有人控制的;需人操纵的
6. adv.在水下
adj.水下的
核心单词
species
technology
bond
research
manned
underwater
运用词汇
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供→ n.扩大;延伸→
adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的
2.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商→ n.谈判;磋商;协商→ adj.可谈判的;可协商的
3.explore v.探索;探测;探险→ n.勘探;勘查;探索
4.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回;撤离;使退出;提取;收回→ n.收回;撤回;退出;取款
extension
extensive
negotiation
negotiable
exploration
withdrawal
5.diverse adj.多种多样的;不同的→ n.多样性;多样化
6.threat n.威胁→ vt.威胁;危及
7.mixture n.混合;结合体;混合物→ vt.& vi.(使)混合;调配→
adj.混合的
8.survive vi.生存,存活 vt.幸存;幸免于难→ n.幸存→
n.幸存者
9.exist vi.存在;生存→ n.存在;生存→ adj.现存的;现行的
diversity
threaten
mix
mixed
survival
survivor
existence
existing
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　 被……包围
2. 起航;开航
3. 以……为中心
4. 充满;有大量的……
5. 很容易到达;在附近
6. 作为对……的回报/交换
be surrounded by
set sail
centre around
be heavy with
within easy reach
in return for
7. 富含……
8. 在未来几年
9. 大量的;范围广的
10. 从科学的角度来看
11. 在手头;可供使用
12. 看清楚
be rich in
in years to come
a wide range of
from a scientific point of view
in hand
get a clear look at
重点句型
1.现代潜水器现已能下潜到曾被认为无法到达的区域。(what引导名词性从句)
Modern submersibles can now dive to depths of
.
2.工程师们正在开发新的深海采矿技术,它们既带来了经济机遇,又引发了环境方面的担忧。(现在进行时的被动语态;which引导非限制性定语从句)
New deep-sea mining technologies engineers,
.
what were previously
considered unreachable zones
are being developed by
which raise both economic opportunities and environmental concerns
3.承袭数百年的航海智慧,保护海洋生态的责任和发展可持续蓝色经济的愿景,正激励着科学家们将传统与创新融合。(with复合结构;动词不定式作后置定语)
,the duty
and the vision
are inspiring scientists to harmonise tradition with innovation.
With centuries of navigation wisdom preserved
to protect
marine ecosystems
to achieve sustainable blue economies
学习理解·语篇解构
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
[教师备用]
Trade and curiosity
ancient times
Ming Dynasty
being revisited
important projects
the future
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
(　　)1.Why did the early explorers search for sea routes
A.Because they wanted to find the sea routes from east to west.
B.Because they wanted to discover the mysteries of the sea.
C.Because they were inspired by Marco Polo’s tales.
D.Because they were driven by curiosity and the need to trade.
D
(　　)2.How did ancient China trade with other countries
A.By overland trading.
B.By using the Silk Road and sea routes.
C.By inviting foreign merchants to China.
D.By negotiating with explorers of other countries.
B
(　　)3.Where did China explore with other countries in recent years
A.The Red Sea. B.The Arctic.
C.The South China Sea. D.The east coast of Africa.
(　　)4.What’s the aim of the Belt and Road Initiative
A.To transform the historic Silk Road.
B.To create a worldwide trading atmosphere.
C.To search for new trading partners.
D.To encourage international trade and cooperation.
B
D
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.set sail 起航;开航
After graduating,we will set sail for new horizons and pursue our dreams.
毕业后,我们将起航前往新的天地,追求梦想。
A committee has been set up to organise social events in the college.
学院成立了一个委员会来组织社会活动。
On a lazy Sunday morning,I set out to read the new book that my teacher recommended.
在一个慵懒的星期日上午,我开始读老师推荐的那本新书。
归 纳 拓 展
set sail for 开船;起航前往……
set sail from 从……起航
set up 建立;安装好;设置;引发;产生
set foot on 踏上;踏足于
set off 动身;出发;引爆;引发
set out to do sth 开始做某事
set about doing sth 着手做某事
set down 写下;记下;放下
(1)句子语法填空
①They’ve set 　　　　 a fund for victims of the earthquake.
②When the experiment was over,he set out 　　　　 (write) a report about it immediately.
③At the start of the new term,I set 　　　　 planning my extracurricular activities and joining clubs that interest me.
语境运用
up
to write
about
(2)完成句子
④我对暑假充满期待,我将和家人起航,开启欧洲之旅。
I am looking forward to the summer vacation and I will
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
set sail for a trip to
Europe with my family
语境串词
With all the preparations made,we set out to make popcorn.Meanwhile,we set down “Delicious Popcorn” on a board and we planned to set it up in front of our stand.Then,we set off for the market like happy birds.
做好所有准备,我们开始制作爆米花。同时,我们在一块木板上写下“美味的爆米花”,打算把它放置在我们的摊位前。然后,我们像快乐的小鸟一样向市场出发了。
2.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供
extension n.扩大;延伸
extensive adj.广阔的;广泛的;大规模的
We should try our best to extend our knowledge beyond just what’s taught in textbooks.
我们应该尽力去扩展我们的知识面,而不仅仅局限于课本上教授的知识。
When planning my vacation,I will extend my travel route to explore more interesting attractions and cities.
在规划假期时,我会延伸旅行的路线,探索更多有趣的景点和城市。
归 纳 拓 展
extend (from)...to...(从……)延伸到……
extend...to...提供;给予
extend sth by 使某物/事延长/延伸……
(1)句子语法填空
①This library has an 　　　 　 (extend) collection of books covering various subjects.
②The school decided to provide an opportunity for new students to take an
　 　　　 (extend) course,helping them better adapt to school life.
语境运用
extensive
extension
(2)翻译句子
③我们应该向每一个帮助过我们的人表达感激之情。
We should extend our gratitude to everyone who has helped us.
语境串词
Mexico City has an extensive subway system but it hasn’t been extended to some places that have seen a rapid population growth.The extension of the subway will take several months.
墨西哥城有分布广泛的地铁系统,但是还没有延伸到一些人口增长迅速的地区。扩建地铁将需数月。
3.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议)
vi.谈判;磋商;协商
negotiation n.谈判;磋商;协商
The president of the student union negotiated with the teachers about the details of holding a campus culture festival.
学生会的主席与老师们就举办校园文化节的活动细节进行了商讨。
The details of the contract are still under negotiation.
合约的细节仍在协商中。
归 纳 拓 展
·negotiate with sb about/for sth=negotiate sth with sb与某人商议/谈判某事
·under negotiation 在协商中
enter into/open/conduct negotiations with sb和某人开始/展开/进行谈判
完成句子
①希望我们能与他们就如何解决冲突进行谈判。
It is hoped that
　　　 　.
②我们和另一所学校的篮球队正在就友谊赛的日期和地点进行商讨。
We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 regarding the date and location of a friendly match.
语境运用
we will negotiate with them about/for how to solve the
conflict
are under negotiation with the basketball team from another school
③为了筹备即将到来的校园活动,学生组织决定与校方管理层进行商议,以争取更多的支持。
To prepare for the upcoming campus event,the student organisation decided to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the school administration to secure more support.
enter into/open/conduct negotiations with
4.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回;撤离;使退出;提取;收回
withdrawal n.收回;撤回;退出;取款
He was forced to withdraw from the competition due to injury.
由于受伤,他不得不退出比赛。
He didn’t withdraw his remarks or apologise.
他既没撤回自己的言论,也没道歉。
归 纳 拓 展
withdraw(...)from...从……退出/撤回(……)
withdraw money from从……取钱
温馨提示
withdraw本身已经包含了“……回”之意,故不能再和back连用,类似用法的动词还有return、repay等。
(1)句子语法填空
①He made a 　 　　　 (withdraw) from his bank account to pay for his tuition fees.
(2)完成句子
②He had to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (退出足球比赛) due to a sudden ankle injury,which disappointed him deeply.
语境运用
withdrawal
withdraw from the soccer match
5.in hand 在手头;可供使用
Before going to class,make sure you have all your learning materials in hand.
在去上课之前,确保你所有的学习资料都在手边。
When preparing for a class presentation,it’s helpful to have your slides and notes at hand.
在为课堂演示做准备时,手头有你的幻灯片和笔记是很有帮助的。
归 纳 拓 展
at hand 近在手边;在近处(随时可用);即将发生
at first hand 第一手;亲自
by hand 手工
hand in hand 手挽手;密切关联
give/lend sb a hand 帮助某人
完成句子
①The city has convenient transportation,and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (你需要的一切都近在咫尺).
②　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我亲自见证了这场比赛的精彩瞬间) and felt the excitement of the audience.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (学生们用手工制作了环保艺术品) to demonstrate their concern for environmental protection.
语境运用
everything you need is at hand
I witnessed the exciting moments of the game at first hand
The students created eco-friendly art pieces by hand
重点句式
there is a need to do sth 有必要做某事
There is a need to raise public awareness about climate change in order to deal with global warming.
有必要提高公众对气候变化的认识,以应对全球变暖。
You have prepared for this exam so there is no need to be worried.
你已经为考试做好了准备,因此完全没必要担心。
归 纳 拓 展
in need 在危难中,在危急中
in need of 需要
there is no need for...……是没有必要的
there is no need for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事没有必要
温馨提示
常见的There be句式如下所示。
There is no point/sense (in) doing sth做某事没有意义
There is no use/good (in) doing sth做某事没有用处/好处
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is no denying that...不可否认……
完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (不可否认) protecting the environment is of great importance.
②High school life is not only about acquiring knowledge,but
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (也有必要发展个人的兴趣和才能).
③　 　　　　　　　 　(毫无疑问) regular participation in sports activities has a positive impact on physical health and academic performance.
语境运用
There is no denying that
there is also a
need to develop personal interests and talents
There is no doubt that
长难句分析
[教师备用]
The ancient sea routes ①travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,②which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出,郑和航行过的古代航道如今再度受到关注。
分析:本句是一个主从复合句。句中①为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词短语The ancient sea routes;②为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,which在从句中作主语。
长难句演练
①我们昨天参加了李教授主题为海洋资源保护的讲座,这提升了我们的环境保护意识。
We attended the lecture on marine resources protection delivered by Professor Li yesterday,which raised our awareness of environmental protection.
②上个星期,我们参加了我们学校组织的越野跑比赛,这考验了我们的体力。
Last week,we took part in the cross-country running race organised by our school,which tested our physical strength.
进阶提升·写作微练
逻辑衔接描写
常用词汇
1.however 然而
2.finally 最后
3.therefore 因此;所以
4.although 尽管
5.also 还
6.instead 代替;顶替;反而
7.here 在这里
8.later 后来
9.first of all 首先
10.in the beginning 开始;开端;起初
11.as a result 因此;结果
12.in closing 最后;在结束前
13.for example 例如
14.what’s worse 更糟糕的是
15.what’s more 而且;更重要的是;另外
16.thanks to 由于;幸亏
17.believe it or not 信不信由你
18.on the whole 基本上;大体上;总的说来
19.not only...but also...不仅……而且……
常用句型
1.What’s more,children can also see many animals here like koalas,kangaroos and sheep.
更重要的是,在这里孩子们还可以看到很多动物,比如考拉、袋鼠和绵羊。
2.Through the exhibition,not only can you admire wonderful pictures,but also it can enable you to have a better understanding of traditional Chinese painting.
通过展览,你不仅可以欣赏到精彩的图画,而且展览也可以让你更好地了解中国传统绘画。
微写作训练
1.海洋在我们的世界中起着关键作用。海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物,而且还维持了大自然的平衡。因此,保护海洋势在必行。首先,我们能做的是注意自己的日常行为,例如不能把垃圾扔进海洋里。此外,我们还可以发传 单,呼吁更多的人保护海洋。
The ocean plays a key role in our world.It not only provides us with enough food,but also maintains the balance of nature.Therefore,it is imperative to protect it.First of all,what we can do is pay attention to our daily behaviour. For example,garbage cannot be thrown into the ocean.In addition,we can also distribute leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.
2.经过几个月的精心治疗,医生发现男孩的病情正在好转。最后,男孩完全康复,医生通知他的父母他可以在第二天出院。男孩的母亲认为,她儿子的康复奇迹很大程度上是医护人员努力的结果。
After several months of careful treatment,the doctor found that the boy’s condition was improving.Finally,the boy fully recovered and the doctor informed his parents that he could be discharged the next day.The boy’s mother believed that the miracle of her son’s recovery was mostly the result of the efforts of medical staff.
课文二次开发利用
[教师备用]
课文语法填空
　　Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest 1.　　 　　 (achieve).In ancient times,silk from China found its way along 2.　　　　 became known as the Silk Road.A trading route across the sea 3.　 　　　 (extend) along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,4.　　　　 (centre) around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).Here,merchants from China and many other places met 5.　　　 　 (negotiate) trade deals.
achievements
what
was extended
centred
to negotiate
Between 1405 and 1433,seven large fleets,6.　　　　 the command of Zheng He,sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.To reach out across the sea 7.　　　　 (remain) a strong desire today.The Belt and Road Initiative has been proposed,8.　 　　　 (encourage) cooperation and trade and strengthening the bonds between China and the rest of the world.Trading has grown 9.　　　　 (great) in recent years,and will continue to do so in years to come.With the latest technology in hand,the need to trade and
10.　　　 　 desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
under
remains
encouraging
greatly
the
语法专项指导
动词不定式
语法知识点拨
动词不定式的基本构成是“to+动词原形”(其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”)。不定式仍保留着动词的部分特性,可以带宾语和状语构成不定式短语,有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式(短语)具有名词、形容词或副词的某些句法功能,在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态 意义
一般时 to do to be done 与谓语动作同时或在其后发生
进行时 to be doing — 在谓语动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行
完成时 to have done to have been done 在谓语动作之前发生
完成进 行时 to have been doing — 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前并且一直在进行
I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
我打算参加明天举行的会议。(hold发生在plan之后,且meeting与hold之间为被动关系)
They are said to be studying psychology.
据说,他们正在研究心理学。(study与say同时发生,且正在进行)
I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
让你一直无所事事地坐着,我很抱歉。(keep发生在be sorry之前)
She is known to have been dealing with the problems for many years.
大家知道,她处理这类难题已经有很多年了。
(deal with发生在know之前,且动作一直在进行)
翻译句子
①她似乎正在考虑买一辆新车。
语境运用
She seems to be considering buying a new car.
②受邀来玛丽的生日聚会是极大的荣幸。
It’s a great honour to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.
二、动词不定式的句法功能
1.动词不定式作主语
动词不定式具有名词的作用,在句中作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语,即动词不定式移到句子的后面。
To balance study and play is critical but challenging for many teenagers.
对许多青少年来说,平衡好学习和玩耍是至关重要的,但也是很难的。
It’s necessary and important to know some basic rules of sea voyages.
了解一些海上航行的基本规则很有必要,也很重要。
温馨提示
在“It is +adj.+of/for sb to do sth” 句型中,当形容词表达事物的特征时,用for sb;当形容词表达人的特征或品质时,用of sb。
句子语法填空
①It is important for us students 　　　　　 (work) out on a regular basis.
②　　　　　 (climb) up the mountain is easy,while to go down is hard.
语境运用
to work
To climb
2.动词不定式作表语
动词不定式作表语,常用来表示某一个具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。
His purpose is to arouse people’s awareness of protecting various marine resources on Earth.
他的目的是唤起人们保护地球上各种海洋资源的意识。
The important thing in life is to have a great goal and the determination to achieve it.
人生重要的事情就是,确立一个伟大的目标并决心实现这个目标。
温馨提示
动词不定式作表语时需放在系动词后面,表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用,其主语常常是dream、wish、idea、plan、task、purpose、aim、duty、job、goal等含有意向、打算、职责等意义的词。
句子语法填空
①Whether we will succeed or not remains 　　　　　 (see).
②My desired goal is 　　　　 (get) into my preferred university.
语境运用
to be seen
to get
3.动词不定式作宾语
常用不定式作宾语的动词 三个希望两答应:hope、wish、want、agree、promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand、ask、refuse
设法学会作决定:manage、learn、decide
不要假装在选择:pretend、choose
打算提出两计划:intend、offer、plan、mean
申请失败负担得起:apply、fail、afford
准备愿望又碰巧:prepare、desire、happen
“动词+it+adj./n.+动词不定式”结构 it 为形式宾语,不定式为真正的宾语。常用于该结构的动词有feel、find、think、believe、consider、make等
The vast sea never fails to earn curiosity and amazement from people.
浩瀚的大海总能引起人们的好奇和惊叹。
They feel it worthwhile to have such a great trip.
他们觉得这样一次伟大的旅行是值得的。
温馨提示
既可跟动词-ing形式又可跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语):
①意义有很大区别的动词(短语):
句子语法填空
①After countless interviews,I managed 　　　　　 (stand) out among the candidates.
②The new monitor promised 　　　　 (do) the best she could for us all.
③I remembered 　　 　　 (lock) the door before I left the office,but I forgot to turn off the lights.
语境运用
to stand
to do
locking
4.动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,与所修饰的词之间是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。
The best way to learn English is to use it.
学英语最好的方法是使用它。
He is the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
温馨提示
动词不定式作定语可表示将来的、还没发生的动作,有以下几种情况。
①序数词、形容词最高级或the last、the only、the next 等后或被这些词修饰的名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
②抽象名词chance、opportunity、time、way、reason、ability、promise、attempt等后常用动词不定式作定语。
③something、nothing、anything等不定代词后常用动词不定式作定语。
句子语法填空
①We are invited to a party 　　　　　　　 (hold) in our club next Friday.
②All the teachers 　　　　　　 (attend) the opening ceremony tomorrow should wear the uniforms.
③You should have the ability 　　　　　 (solve) complicated problems.
语境运用
to be held
to attend
to solve
5.动词不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语时,常位于句首或句中,形式上可用in order to do、so as to do、to do等,但so as to do不能置于句首。
I get up early so as to/in order to/to catch the early bus in the morning.
我早晨早起是为了赶早班车。
In order to pass the exam,he worked hard.
为了通过考试,他努力学习。
温馨提示
作目的状语的动词不定式中的动作必须是主语发出的。
To learn English well,he bought a dictionary.
为了学好英语,他买了一本词典。
(2)作结果状语时,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,常用结构有enough to、“so/such...to”、“too...to”、only to等。
He is clever enough to work out the difficult maths problem.
他足够聪明,所以能计算出那道很难的数学题。
I’m too tired to stay up any longer.
我太累了,不能再熬夜了。
温馨提示
不定式作结果状语时,通常表示出乎意料的结果;而现在分词作结果状语时,通常表示自然而然的结果。
We hurried to the station,only to be told that the train had left.
我们匆匆赶到车站,结果被告知火车已经开走了。
Football is played all over the world,making it one of the most popular sports.
世界各地的人们都在踢足球,这使足球成了最受欢迎的运动之一。
(3)作原因状语时,常与表示情感的形容词连用,如sorry、disappointed、excited、glad、happy、frightened、surprised、delighted、pleased等。
I’m delighted to hear that you are keen on traditional Chinese culture.
听说你喜欢中国传统文化,我很高兴。
温馨提示
动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词,如easy、hard、difficult、pleasant、good、fit、comfortable等后面作状语,构成“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is difficult to understand.
这本书很难理解。
The chair is very comfortable to sit on.
这椅子坐上去很舒服。
句子语法填空
①Yesterday I went to see her,only 　　　　 　 (tell) that she had gone abroad a week before.
②　　　　　　　　 (improve) her spoken English,she seized every possible opportunity to practise it.
语境运用
to be told
To improve
6.动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一句型中,宾语通常是动词不定式的逻辑主语。常见的用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask、want、invite、force、expect、allow、order、advise、teach、persuade、remind、tell、forbid等。
Teach a man to fish and he’ll feed himself for a lifetime.
授人以渔,他就能终生有鱼吃。
Teachers asked us to take exercise on a regular basis.
老师让我们定期锻炼。
句子语法填空
①My English teacher asked me 　　　　　　　　 (give) a presentation to the class.
②I wanted you 　　　　　　　　 (sign) up for some after-class activities.
语境运用
to give
to sign
三、动词不定式省略to的情况
1.在某些使役动词或感官动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式,常省略to;但当这些动词用于被动结构,其后的to就必须还原。这类词可以用以下口诀助记:一感(feel),二听(hear、listen to),三让(let、make、have),五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)。
I often hear him sing the song.(主动语态)
我经常听见他唱那首歌。
He is often heard to sing the song.(被动语态)
人们经常听见他唱那首歌。
2.在why引导的疑问句中,表示建议时,动词不定式省略to。
Why not conduct the interview right now
为什么不马上进行面试呢
3.在cannot but、cannot choose but、cannot help but之后的动词不定式省略to。
I cannot but admire his courage.
我只能佩服他的勇气。
4.动词不定式在but、except、besides后面时,如果这些词前面有动词do的任何形式时,那么,这些词后的动词不定式省略to,否则不省略to。
She could do nothing but cry.
她除了哭,不能做任何事。
I have no choice but to work for the firm.
除了为这家公司工作,我别无选择。
What do you like to do besides swim
除了游泳,你还喜欢做什么
5.两个或两个以上的不定式并列,第一个不定式中的to不能省略,第二个不定式中的to可省略;但是当两个不定式表示对比关系时,第二个不定式中的to也不能省略。
Her work is to keep the house clean and (to) look after the children.(并列关系)
她的工作就是打扫房子,并且照看孩子。
I’m really puzzled about what to think or (to) say.(并列关系)
该想什么,该说什么,我确实困惑了。
They didn’t tell me whether to go on or to stop.(对比关系)
他们没有告诉我是继续下去还是停止。
6.不定式作表语时,若谓语动词前面出现动词do的任何形式,则表语中不定式中的to可省略。
The next thing that she wants to do is (to) thank her coach.
她想要做的下一件事情是感谢她的教练。
句子语法填空
①I had nothing to do but 　　　　 (wait) outside of the gate.
②What I want to do at the weekend is 　　　　 (have) a good rest.
③They couldn’t choose but 　　　　 (stay) there.
语境运用
wait
have
stay
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope
　　 　　 (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
真题体验
to present
答案及剖析:
1.to present　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用非谓语动词, hope to do sth意为“希望做某事”,所以设空处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to present。
2.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Growing up,my family and our neighbours never used clotheslines to dry clothing,denying me the chance 　 　　　 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
to discover
答案及剖析:
2.to discover　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词,the chance to do sth为固定搭配,意为“做某事的机会”,所以设空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to discover。
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)However,if I need 　　　　 (check) the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,there’s nothing better.
to check
答案及剖析:
3.to check　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是动词不定式作宾语。故填to check。
4.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days 　　　　 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
to give
答案及剖析:
4.to give　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to give。
5.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility,said Edmondson,adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 　　　　 (find) the connection between the two great writers.
to find
答案及剖析:
5.to find　考查非谓语动词。此处是“be+adj.+to do”的固定结构,用主动形式表达被动意义。故填to find。
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The question is very difficult　　　　　　 (answer).
2.The goal of this activity is 　　　　　 (meet) the needs of common people.
3.Don’t try to hide anything from your mother.She appears 　　　　　　　　 (tell) everything.
4.The airport 　　　　　　　　 (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
语法专项训练
to answer
to meet
to have been told
to be completed
5.The first debate was supposed 　　　　　　　　　 (hold) on last Tuesday.
6.Jack was in low spirits those days and his friends did all they could 　　　　　　　　 (cheer) him up.
7.Martin showed no anxiety about the competition.He seemed
　　　　　 (prepare) for it pretty well.
8.　　　　　　　　 (admit) to a university in the UK,international students must display strong abilities in spoken and written English.
to have been held
to cheer
to have
prepared
To be admitted
Ⅱ.语段填空
To live is 1.　　 　　 (learn).I love China and I’m happy 2.　　 (see) China developing so fast.3.　　　　　 　 (study) Chinese well,I decided 4.　　 　 (go) to China last year,only 5.　　 　　 (find) living in China is more pared to many other countries,it is safer 6. 　　　 (walk) in the street at night in China as there are monitors and the police are always the first 7.　　　 　 (show) up to protect you.I advise you 8.　　　　　　　　 (visit) the great country 9.　　　　 (feel) its charm one day.
to learn
to see
To study
to go
to find
to walk
to show
to visit
to feel

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