资源简介

(共37张PPT)
UNIT 3
写作专项指导
关于健康饮食的说明文
1.文本类型:描述性文章,属于说明文范畴。
2.要点内容:(1)列举健康饮食的重要性；(2)根据现状，分析部分
学生不健康饮食的种种表现；(3)结论和改进措施(表达个人观点)。
1.首段常用句式。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
Nowadays people are beginning to pay more attention to
their health than ever before.
People come to realise that good health is the most
valuable thing a person can have.
2.中段常用句式。
It is said that most of the students do not eat anything at
all in the morning，which is very bad for their health.
Doctors advise us teenagers to sleep at least 8 hours each
day.
Early to bed and early to rise makes a person healthy，
wealthy and wise.
Taking exercise is closely related to health.
Besides，we should focus on a balanced diet，which assures
us the necessary nutrition.#2.5
3.尾段常用句式。
As far as I am concerned，health is more important than
wealth.
Healthy eating habits are very important for our health.
In my opinion,we should develop good healthy eating habits.
From my point of view，in order to build healthy eating
habits，we should eat more vegetables and less fat and
sugar.
假设你校校刊正在开展以“健康饮食”为主题的英语征文活
动。请你针对当前青少年饮食方面的不良习惯，根据下列提示
写一篇英文短文。内容包括：
1.列举学生的不良饮食习惯及其危害；
2.给出你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ⅰ.对接话题词汇
1. _____________ adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n.基本规律；
根本法则
2. _____________ 不管，不顾
3. ________ n.卡路里(热量单位)
4. _________ n.数量；数额
5. __________ 垃圾食品
6. _________ n.类别；种类
fundamental
regardless of
calorie
quantity
junk food
category
7. ________ adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的
8. ________ n.维生素
9. _________ vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗
10. ______ vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 n.咀嚼
elegant
vitamin
consume
chew
Ⅱ.巧用核心句式、语法
1.饮食习惯对我们的健康至关重要。
【答案】Eating habits are fundamental to our health.
2.他们养成吃大量垃圾食品的习惯并且无法改掉。
【答案】They form a habit of consuming large quantities
of junk food and can’t get rid of it.
3.一部分青少年偏爱吃肉而不吃新鲜果蔬，因此身体缺少重要
的维生素。
【答案】Some teenagers prefer meat to fresh fruit and
vegetables so that their bodies lack vital vitamins.
4.保持均衡饮食很重要。
【答案】It matters that we keep a balanced diet.
用定语从句升级句2。
【答案】Consuming large quantities of junk food is a habit
that they can’t get rid of.
Eating habits are fundamental to our health.But some
bad eating habits of teenagers are really serious and need
changing.
For some teenagers, consuming large quantities of junk
food is a habit they can’t get rid of.Containing too much
sugar and fat, junk food contributes to various
diseases.Besides,some teenagers prefer meat to fresh fruit
and vegetables so that their bodies lack vital vitamins.Even
worse,some students often skip breakfast to save time,
causing bad results in their school performances.
Therefore, it matters that we keep a balanced diet,
which helps build our bodies.#1.2
假设你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter给你写了一封电子邮件。
他在邮件中提到近期由于不良的饮食习惯而导致身体不适，影
响了学习和生活。请你用英文给他回一封电子邮件，建议他养
成良好的饮食习惯。内容包括：
1.吃营养早餐；
2.远离脂肪含量高、糖多的食物；
3.饮食要有规律。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右(开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词
数)；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
I truly hope you’ll get better soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I’m very glad to receive your
email.But meanwhile, I’m sorry to hear
that you are not well due to eating
problems.Here is my advice.
Firstly, breakfast should be highly valued because a
nutritious breakfast, made of bread, eggs and milk, makes
one active and work harder for the whole day.Additionally,
you should keep a balanced diet, avoiding consuming food
high in fat and sugar.You’d better eat quantities of fresh
fruit and vegetables.Most fundamentally, eating regularly
and exercising properly, you can keep your body at a
proper weight and stay healthy.
I truly hope you’ll get better soon.
Yours,
Li Hua#1.1.6
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.prior to 在……之前的(to为介词)
n.优先;优先权 ________
priority
①优先于……(名词短语) _______________________
②比某人年幼 ________________
③地位(或职位、级别)比某人高 ________________
take/give priority over...
be junior to sb
be senior to sb
④最重要的是，你不应该在没有事先准备的情况下去演讲。
_______________________________________________________
________________________________
What matters most is that you should never go to a speech without some prior work on it.
2.consist of 由……组成(或构成) 不用于 ______语态和 ______
时态
adj.一致的；连续的 __________
被动
进行
consistent
①存在于；在于 __________= ______
②与……一致；符合 ____________
③与……一致(形容词短语) __________________
consist in
lie in
consist with
be consistent with
④友情不在于彼此凝视，而在于一起朝同一个方向眺望。
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________
Friendship does not consist in gazing at each other，but in looking outward together in the same direction.
3.minimum n.最小值；最少量
adj.最低(限度)的；最小的
(反义词： __________)
vt.使减少到最低限度；使显得不重要 _________
maximum
minimise
①超过最低限度 ____________________
②低于最低限度 ____________________
③把……减少到最小/低 ___________________________
above the minimum
below the minimum
reduce/bring...to a minimum
④当他年轻的时候，他不能当警察，因为他的身高低于规定允
许的最低身高。
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
When he was young，he couldn’t join the police，because he was below the minimum height allowed by the rules.
4.temper n.脾气；火气
adj.易怒的；脾气坏的 ___________________________
adj.脾气好的；和蔼的 _______________
short-tempered/bad-tempered
good-tempered
①对……发脾气 _________________
②心情很坏/糟糕/好 _______________________________
③勃然大怒 _____________________
lose temper with
be in a bad/terrible/good temper
get/fly into a temper
④她对一个顾客发了脾气，冲着人家大喊大叫。
_______________________________________________________
She lost her temper with a customer and shouted at him.
5.association n.协会；关联
vt.联想；联系；交往 n.同事；伙伴 _________
adj.有关联的；相关的；有联系的 __________
associate
associated
①与……联合/有关联(名词短语) ___________________
②与……有关(形容词短语) __________________
③与某人交往/联系(动词短语) _________________
in association with
be associated with
associate with sb
④不可否认，健康与均衡的饮食有关。
_______________________________________________________
______________
There is no denying that health is associated with a
balanced diet.
Ⅱ.重点句型练习
1.事实上，在你进入一所新学校时没有什么可担心的。
_______________________________________________________
_____________
In fact，there is nothing to worry about in your entry to a new school.
2.经过漫长一天的艰苦工作，大卫筋疲力尽地回家了。
_______________________________________________________
___________
After a long day of hard work，David went home，
exhausted.
3.你真是太好了，还写信给我，让我了解杭州这座美丽的城市。
_______________________________________________________
____________________________________
It’s very kind of you to write to me and let me know
about the beautiful city of Hangzhou.
Ⅲ.重点语法回顾
1.在定语从句中，如果叙述过去的事，先发生的动作常用
__________时。
过去完成
2.过去完成时常常用在told、said、knew、heard、thought等动
词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主
句表示的过去的动作 ______。
之前
3.用think、want、hope、mean、plan、intend等动词的
__________时表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。
过去完成
4.过去完成时还可用在 “hardly... ______...”“no sooner...
______...” 等固定句型中，主句用 __________时，从句用
__________时。当no sooner、hardly置于句首时，主句用
______结构，从句用 ______语序。
when
than
过去完成
一般过去
倒装
正常
5.It/This/That was the first/second/...time (that) sb/sth
__________.
had done(共62张PPT)
UNIT 3
Part 2
核心考点突破
自主预习·课前清障
阅读单词
1.yogurt n. _______________________________
2.fibre n. _______________________________
3.bacon n. _______________________________
4.chilli n. _______________________________
5.calorie n. ________________________________
酸乳，酸奶
纤维；纤维制品
(通常切成薄片的)咸猪肉，熏猪肉
辣椒
卡路里(热量单位)
6.protein n. ________
7.pearl n. _________
8.vitamin n. _________
蛋白质
珍珠
维生素
核心单词
1. ________ adv.略微；稍微
2. _________ n.类别；种类
3. _____ n.咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤 v.咬
4. ______ n.诀窍；计谋；把戏
5. _________ n.食欲，胃口；强烈欲望
6. ________ adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的
slightly
category
bite
trick
appetite
modest
运用词汇
1.sugary adj.含糖的；甜的→ _______ n.糖
2.association n.协会；关联→ __________ adj.有关联的；相关
的；有联系的→ _________ vt.联想；联系；交往
3.greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→ _______ adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；
渴望的→ ______ n.贪婪；贪心
4.creamy adj.似奶油的；软厚平滑的；光滑细软的→ _______
n.奶油，乳脂；精华；面霜
sugar
associated
associate
greedy
greed
cream
5.regardless adv.不顾；不加理会→ __________ prep.关于；至
于→ _______ n.关注；尊重；问候；凝视 vt.认为；考虑；看待
regarding
regard
6.ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n.理想；完美的人
(或事物)→ _______ adv.理想地；观念上地→ _________ adj.理
想主义的；唯心论的
ideally
idealistic
重点词块
1. ___________ 富有……的
2. ________ 停止做(或使用、食用)
3. _________ 切下
4. _____________ 不管；不顾
5. _______________ 保持健康
be rich in
cut out
slice...off
regardless of
keep healthy/fit
6. __________ 把……限制在……内
7. _________ 导致
8. __________________ 思路正确
limit...to...
result in
on the right trick
重点句型
1.这款应用的用户量是竞争对手的三倍。(倍数+as...as)
This app has _____________________________ its
competitors.
three times as many users as
2.打断他人说话是不礼貌的。(it作形式主语)
_______________________________ while they are speaking.
It is impolite to interrupt others
3.玛丽，有着外向的性格，总是能让周围的人开心。
(who引导非限制性定语从句)
Mary, _______________________________， always makes
people around her happy.
who has an outgoing personality
4.聚会的时间和地点由你定。(It is up to sb to do sth)
_______________________ the time and place for the party.
It is up to you to pick
学习理解·语篇解构
［教师备用］
多维解读·深度剖析
desserts
fresh
balanced
slowly
consistent
modest
attitude
精研细读·深层理解
1.What is the main purpose of the passage ( )
B
A.To introduce a new diet to people.
B.To tell readers what is a healthy diet.
C.To analyse the composition of food.
D.To explain the effect of sweet on health.
2.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4 ( )
A
A.How to eat healthily.
B.What to eat to be fit.
C.When to eat each meal.
D.The reasons to eat quickly.
3.Where is this passage most likely from ( )
B
A.A guidebook. B.A magazine.
C.A novel. D.A diary.
核心知识·深入探究
1.association n.协会；关联 associate vt.联想；联系；交往 n.
同事；伙伴 associated adj.有关联的；相关的；有联系的
I am Li Hua，chairman of the Students’ Association.I will
organise an exhibition in association with several other
universities.
我是学生会主席李华。我将联合其他几所大学组织一次展览。
I always associate the scene with the freezing weather.
我总是把这个场景和寒冷的天气联系在一起。
归纳拓展 ·in association with 与……联合/有关联
·associate...with... 把……与……联系起来
associate with sb 与某人交往/联系
·be associated with 与……有关
(1)句子语法填空
①We tend to associate fresh air _____ health care.
②Some people say that classical music is __________
(associate) only with old people.
③We are working in ___________ (associate) with a local
company to raise money for the homeless.
with
associated
association
(2)写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义
④The support of our members is of great importance to
the association. ______
⑤She became famous through her association with the
group of poets. ______
⑥The seaside had all sorts of pleasant associations with
childhood holidays for me. ______
协会
交往
联想
2.regardless of不管；不顾 regarding prep.关于；至于
But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you
should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins
or loses.
但是如果他每天都在球场上努力打球，不管他的球队是赢是输，
你都应该表扬他的努力。
With/In regard to a cure for the disease, very few advances
have been made.
关于这种疾病的治愈方法(的开发)，目前进展甚微。
Bean curd is now regarded as a healthful diet.
豆腐现在被认为是一种有益于健康的食物。#3.1
归纳拓展 ·regard...as... 把……看作……
·as regards=with/in regard to 关于；至于
regardless of 强调“不认为……重要；从而不加以重视或考虑”
时，其后可以接“the fact that...”；其同义词despite/in spite of
表达“尽管……但是……”之意，其后一般不接从句。
(1)句子语法填空
①Regardless ___ the change by action is large or small,
there is considerable happiness in heart.
②He was regarded ____ one of the most outstanding
scientists in the 20th century.
③I would like to talk with you __________ (regard) your
qualifications for this position.
of
as
regarding
(2)完成句子
④李叔叔不顾感染的危险，对工作负责，尽心尽力。
_______________________________________，Uncle Li is
responsible for and devoted to his job.
Regardless of the risk of getting infected
⑤尽管下着雨，他们仍然在体育馆里参加体育活动。
________________ that it rains，they still took part in
physical activities in the stadium.
Despite the fact
With regard to your approach, it is still regarded as the
most practical one, regardless of its imperfection.
至于你的方法，尽管有点瑕疵，但还是被认为是最实用的。
3.recommend vt.推荐；介绍；劝告；建议 recommendation n.
推荐；介绍信
I chose the hotel on their recommendation.
我根据他们的推荐选了这家酒店。
I am writing to recommend our monitor as your teaching
assistant.
我写信推荐我们班长做你的助教。
I recommend buying this dictionary.(=I recommend you to
buy/that you (should) buy this dictionary.)
我建议你买这本词典。#3.1
归纳 拓展 recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend sth to sb 把某物推荐给某人
recommend sb as... 推荐某人为……
(1)句子语法填空
①The reason why I recommend you _________ (learn)
Tang poems is that they are valuable cultural heritage of
China.
to learn
②Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai,
both are highly ______________ (recommend).
③In addition to the ________________ for adults, the corn
pork is also ______________ to children.(recommend)
recommended
recommendation
recommended
(2)一句多译
我建议你把自己的感受写在纸上。
④ ___________________________________________
⑤ ____________________________________________________
______
⑥ ________________________________________________
I recommend writing your feelings on paper.
I recommend that you (should) write your feelings on
paper.
I recommend you to write your feelings on paper.
Ms Li asked the students to write a letter of
recommendation, in which they should recommend her to
read a novel and give the reasons.Li Hua recommended
that she (should) read Harry Potter for its fantastic plots.
李老师让学生们写一封推荐信，给她推荐一本小说并说明理由。
李华推荐她阅读《哈利·波特》，因为这本书的情节非常好。
4.trick n.诀窍；计谋；把戏 tricky adj.难办的；难对付的
Don’t try to trick me with words into betraying the secret.
别想用语言哄骗我出卖秘密。
The trick to eating a quick breakfast is to stock up on
foods that are easy to eat.
快速享用早餐的诀窍就是储备一些容易吃的食物。
All children in some form have talent，the trick is to bring
it out in them.
所有的孩子在某种程度上都有天赋，关键是要把他们的天赋激
发出来。#3.1
归纳 拓展 ·play a trick/tricks on sb=play jokes/a joke on
sb=make fun of sb 捉弄某人
the trick of/to...……的窍门
The trick is to...诀窍在于……
do the trick奏效；起作用；达到目的
·trick sb out of sth骗取某人某物
trick sb into doing sth欺骗某人做某事
动词cheat、trick和fool均含有“欺骗”之意。cheat为普通用词，
指用蒙蔽他人的手段取得所需之物，多指在盈利的买卖中欺骗
人；trick指用阴谋诡计等骗得信任或得到所需之物；fool指把
别人当傻瓜，愚弄欺骗别人。
(1)句子语法填空
①At no time should we play tricks ____ others, because it
is not polite.
②He was tricked into _______(tell) the place where he had
hidden.
③It’s a very _______ (trick) problem, but I think there are
a number of things you can do.
on
telling
tricky
(2)写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义
④She found that she had been tricked by the stranger.
______
⑤I can’t open the box—is there a trick to it ____________
⑥The children played a silly trick on my visitor, but he
took it in good part and wasn’t annoyed. ______________
⑦These pills should do the trick.You’ll feel much better in
no time. ________
欺骗
技巧、诀窍
诡计、恶作剧
起作用
1.倍数表达法
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times the
size of Yellowstone National Park in America, the GPNP
will be one of the first national parks in China.
大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为美国黄石国家公园的三倍，将成
为中国首批国家公园之一。
(1)句子语法填空
①This hall is five times _______ (big) than our classroom.
②My brother eats ______ (two) as much as I do.
③My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three
times as big ____ the previous one.
bigger
twice
as
(2)完成句子
④多亏您的慷慨帮助，我现在的分数是从前的两倍。
Thanks to your generous help，now _____________________
__________________.
my score is twice
what it was before
2.it作形式主语
It is a duty for every one of us to build a harmonious
China.
建立一个和谐的中国是我们每个人的责任。
(1)完成句子
①非常抱歉地告诉你，我因粗心弄丢了你上周好心借给我的那
本书。
I’m terribly sorry to tell you that _______________________
____ the book you were so kind to lend me last week.
it’s careless of me to
lose
②没有他们的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的成功。
____________________________ such great success without
their help.
It’s impossible for me to get
③第二，重要的是你的饮食应当是多样而平衡的。
Second， __________________ your diet should be varied
and balanced.
it is essential that
(2)句型转换
④That they should get well prepared for their future is
obvious to the students.
→ ________________________________ they should get well
prepared for their future.
It is obvious to the students that
⑤To tackle this crisis is a little bit difficult.
→It is a little bit difficult ___________________.
to tackle this crisis
［教师备用］
①What this means is ②that people ③who chew. . too
quickly end up eating too much food ④because they still
feel hungry.
这意味着咀嚼过快的人最终会吃太多食物,因为他们仍然感到饥饿。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句①是What引导的 ______ 从
句,句②是that引导的 ______从句,句③是who引导的 ______从句,
修饰先行词people,句④是because引导的 __________从句。
主语
表语
定语
原因状语
①最让他担忧的是该国的农民常常收成不好，而且有时候甚至
严重缺少吃的食物。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
What concerned him most was that the farmers of this
country often had a poor harvest and sometimes even had
a serious shortage of food to eat.
②值得关注的是，海洋在缓和地球气温方面发挥着重要作用。
地球气温一直在上升并具有威胁性。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
What is worth noting is that oceans play an important
role in moderating the Earth’s temperature, which keeps
growing and threatening.
进阶提升·写作微练
健康与饮食
1.be beneficial to health 有益于健康
2.stay up late 熬夜
3.get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
4.work out 锻炼
5.be addicted to 沉溺于……
6.salt intake 食盐的摄入量
7.physical fitness 身体健康
1.The doctor advised that we should have a balanced diet
and get into the good habit of getting up early.
医生建议我们要均衡饮食并养成早起的好习惯。
2.The majority of people take in too much fat and not
enough fibre, which does great harm to their health.
大多数人摄入太多的脂肪和不够充足的纤维素，这对他们的健
康有很大的伤害。
3.A balanced diet can provide enough nutrition for your
body.
均衡的饮食能够给你的身体提供足够的营养。
4.It’s not a good habit to stay up late and get up late,
which is not beneficial to our health.
晚睡晚起不是一个好习惯，这对我们的健康没有好处。
5.Limiting your salt intake can help lower your blood
pressure and keep your heart healthy.
限制食盐的摄入量可以帮助你降低血压和保持你心脏的健康。
1.要保持身体健康，我们需要注意均衡膳食，吃正确的食物，
多吃鱼、肉、豆类，特别是新鲜水果和蔬菜。此外，保证充足
的睡眠很重要，不要熬夜，每天至少睡8个小时。 总之，健康
的饮食和好的生活习惯是我们保持健康的好方法。
【答案】To keep healthy, we should have a balanced diet
and eat the right food, such as fish, meat, beans, especially
more fresh fruit and vegetables.What’s more, having enough
sleep is very important.We should not stay up too late and
have at least eight hours of sleeping every day.In a word,
healthy diets and good living habits are good ways for us
to keep healthy.
2.我们要多吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜，它们富含维生素和纤维素，
多吃含蛋白质的食物，但是少吃高脂肪的食物。正是维生素、
纤维素和蛋白质帮助骨骼和肌肉生长并抵御疾病。此外，我们
最好少吃垃圾食品，因为它们对身体有害。
【答案】We should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables
which are rich in vitamins and fibre, more food containing
protein, but less food high in fat.It is vitamins, fibre and
protein that help bones and muscles grow and help the
body fight diseases.Besides, we’d better eat less junk
food,because it is bad for our health.(共32张PPT)
UNIT 3
语法专项指导
过去完成时与过去完成时的被动语态
语法梳理
一、过去完成时
1.过去完成时的含义。
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的
动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果，用来指在另一
个过去动作之前就已经完成了的事件。它表示动作发生的时间
是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。基本结构为“had+动词过
去分词”。#1.1
(1)肯定句的结构为“主语+had+动词过去分词+其他.”。
He had already been to New York earlier in the week.
本周早些时候他去过纽约。
(2)否定句的结构为“主语+had+not+动词过去分词+其他.”。
At that time we hadn’t met her.
那时我们还没有见到她。
(3)一般疑问句的结构为“Had +主语+动词过去分词+其他？”。
肯定回答用“Yes，主语+had.”。
否定回答用“No，主语+hadn’t.”。
—Had you visited here before
——你以前参观过这里吗？
—Yes，I had./No，I hadn’t.
——是，我去过。/没有，我以前没有去过。
(4)特殊疑问句的结构为“特殊疑问词+had+主语+动词过去分词+
其他？”。
Where had you been before you came here
你来这里之前去了哪里？
句子语法填空
①By the time we got a report，the firemen _________ (put)
out the fire already.
②The interviewer was interested in the grades I _________
(get) in the exams.
had put
had got
2.过去完成时的用法。
(1)表示过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
常和by、before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句连用。
By nine o’clock last night,we had gotten 200 pictures from
the spaceship.
到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到宇宙飞船发来的200张图片。
(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作
或状态,常和for、since构成的时间状语连用。
He told us that he had done the scientific research for 5
years.
他告诉我们他作科学研究已经5年了。
(3)用think、want、hope、mean、plan、intend等动词的过去完
成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。
I had never thought that you were content to help me.
我从未想过你愿意帮我。
We had hoped to be able to come and see you.
我们本来希望能来看看你。
(4)过去完成时常常用在told、said、knew、heard、thought等
动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主
句表示的过去的动作之前。
He said that he had known her well.
他说他对她很熟悉。
(5)在状语从句中,在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,动作发生
在前,动词用过去完成时；动作发生在后,动词用一般过去时。状
语从句常由when、before、after引导。
When I woke up,it had already stopped raining.
我醒来时,雨已停了。
在before、after引导的时间状语从句中,由于before和after本身
已表达了动作的先后关系,若主句、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则
主句、从句多用一般过去时。
After he arrived in England,he worked hard to improve his
English.
到达英国之后,他努力提高他的英语水平。
3.过去完成时的常用固定句型。
(1)在“主语+had hardly/scarcely/no sooner+过去分词
+when/than从句(从句用一般过去时)”中，当hardly、scarcely、
no sooner等表示否定意义的词位于句首时,主句要用倒装结构。
I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
=No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
我刚到家就下雨了。
(2)It was+一段时间+since从句(从句用过去完成时)。
It was at least three months since I had left Beijing.
我离开北京至少有3个月了。
(3)It was the first/second/...time+(that)从句(从句用过去完成
时)。
It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.
那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
(4)主句(过去完成时)+by the time...(一般过去时)。
We had got everything ready by the time they arrived.
在他们到达之前,我们已经做好一切准备了。
(5)主句(过去完成时)+by the end of...(表示过去的时间)。
By the end of last term,we had learnt English at least for
four years.
到上个学期末,我们至少学习了4年英语。
句子语法填空
①I ___________ (mean) to take a good holiday this year,
but I was not able to leave.
②Tom _____________ (finish) writing his novel by the end
of last year.
③He said he ____________ (work) in that factory since
2009.
had meant
had finished
had worked
二、过去完成时的被动语态
1.概念。
过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之
前已完成,且主语与谓语动词存在被动关系。
2.构成。
(1)肯定结构:主语+had been done
(2)否定结构:主语+had not been done
Had+主语+been done...？
特殊疑问词+had+主语+been done？
(3)疑问句结构:
3.过去完成时的被动语态的用法。
(1)表示过去某一时间或事件以前已经完成的被动的动作，常与
by、before等引导的时间状语连用。
By the time he got to the school,the first lesson had been
finished.
当他到达学校时，第一节课已经结束。
The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.
在老师来之前，教室还没有被打扫干净。
(2)在told、said、knew、heard、thought等动词之后的宾语从
句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时,用过去完成时。
The company said the production costs had been reduced.
该公司说，生产成本已经降低。
The media reported that more than 1,000 people had been
killed in the earthquake.
媒体报道说，地震中有1 000多人丧生。
(3)根据语境可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。
He did what he had been told to.
他按吩咐做了。
句子语法填空
①All the film tickets ______________ (sell) out when I got
to the cinema.
had been sold
②Yesterday we expressed our congratulations to Tom, who
_________________(elect) chairman of our Students’
Association.
had been elected
1.(2023·全国乙卷)She lived with a family she _____________
____ (never meet) and everything was new to her.
had never
met
【解析】考查动词的时态。由“everything was new to her”可
推知，她和素未谋面的一家人住在一起。该动作发生在lived之
前，为过去的过去。故填had never met。
2.(2023·浙江1月卷)With the bird in my cupped hand，I
looked around to see how she ___________ (get) in.
had gotten
【解析】考查动词的时态。由句意可知，鸟已经到了“我”的手
里，“我”想知道她是如何来的，动作已经完成且发生在looked
之前，应用过去完成时态。故填had gotten。
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)When I finally finished it，the
thought of winning ___________ (give) way to the
enjoyment of writing.
had given
【解析】考查动词的时态。主句的动作发生在时间状语从句的
谓语动作之前，为过去的过去，应用过去完成时态。故填had
given。
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.He ____________ (serve) in the army for ten years; then
he retired and married.
2.Tom wishes that he ____________(study) law instead of
history when he was in university.
3.It was the second time that we __________ (see) her.
had served
had studied
had seen
4.Several months later, most of the buildings which
___________________(damage) in the earthquake were
repaired.
had been damaged
5.Hardly had I ______ (come) out of the railway station
when my parents _____ (run) to me and _______ (help) me
carry my luggage.
come
ran
helped
Ⅱ.语篇填空
Our school was built in 1902.Before I studied there, it
1. __________(be) famous throughout the country.By 1978,
the school’s use 2. _____________ (change) several times.By
the end of last century, our school 3. ____________ (become)
a provincial model high school.When I graduated, our
school 4. __________ (win) many honours both at home and
had been
had changed
had become
had won
abroad.Before last year’s anniversary of the foundation of
our school, all the school buildings 5. _________________
(rebuild) and it is now larger and more beautiful than
before.#1
had been rebuilt(共77张PPT)
UNIT 3
头脑风暴·思维发散
Likes or dislikes with regard to food vary greatly from
culture to culture.What is disgusting to one person can be
a delicacy to another.Sometimes we need to change our
eating habits.If we move or travel to a new place with a
different culture,our favourite meat,fruit and vegetables may
not be available to us.As a result,we have to eat what is
different from the food we are used to.Slowly,this strange
food may become familiar to us.Our tastes may
change,too,and we begin to enjoy eating the food that used
to seem unusual to us.#1
Part 1
核心考点突破
自主预习·课前清障
阅读单词
1.plate n. __________________
2.cuisine n. __________________
3.dessert n. ___________
4.cafeteria n. ____________________
5.spicy adj. ____________________
6.recipe n. ______________#6
盘子，碟子；板块
菜肴；风味；烹饪
(饭后)甜点
自助餐厅；自助食堂
加有香料的；辛辣的
烹饪法；食谱
7.custom n. ______________________
8.pumpkin n. ______
9.lamb n. ______________
10.ingredient n. _____________________#10
风俗，习俗；个人习惯
南瓜
羊羔肉；羔羊
(尤指烹饪)材料；成分
核心单词
1. __________ n.典礼；仪式
2. ________ n.脾气；火气
3. ________
vt.以……为特色 vi.起重要作用，占重要地位 n.特色；特点
4. ______ vt.填满；把……塞进 n.东西；物品
5. _________ n.纪念物；纪念品
6. ______ n.无用的东西
7. ________ n.食堂；餐厅
ceremony
temper
feature
stuff
souvenir
junk
canteen
运用词汇
1.merry adj.快乐的→ ________ adv.欢快地；兴高采烈地
2.prior adj.先前的；优先的→ ________ n.优先；优先权
3.consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→ _____________ n.
(能量、食物或材料的)消耗，消耗量；消费→ __________ n.消
费者；顾客；用户
4.occasion n.时刻，时机；场合→ ___________ adj.偶然的；偶
尔的→ ____________ adv.偶然；偶尔；有时候#4
merrily
priority
consumption
consumer
occasional
occasionally
5.consist vi.由……组成(或构成)→ __________ adj.一致的；连
续的→ ____________ adv.一贯地；一致地；始终
6.indicate v.表明，显示→ __________ n.迹象；标示
7.exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的；杰出的；优秀的→ _______
prep.除……之外→ __________ n.例外；除外→ _____________
adv.极其，非常；特殊地；例外地#7
consistent
consistently
indication
except
exception
exceptionally
8.elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→ _________ n.优雅；
雅致→ _________ adv.优美地
9.minimum n.最小值；最少量 adj.最低(限度)的；最小的→
_________ vt.使减少到最低限度；使显得不重要 vi.最小化→
__________ adj.最大(限度)的#9
elegance
elegantly
minimise
maximum
重点词块
1. ___________ 使世代相传，流传
2. ________ 适逢，正当
3. _________________ 简而言之
4. ____________ 聚会；聚在一起
5. _________ 在……之前的
pass down
fall on
put more simply
get together
prior to
6. __________ 由……组成(或构成)
7. _____________ 为向……表示敬意;为纪念
8. _________________ 密切相关；齐头并进
consist of
in honour of
go hand in hand
重点句型
1.不要无视医生说的话,这样你才能更快康复!(“祈使句+and”结
构)
_________________________________ and you’ll recover
faster!
2.球队输掉了比赛，这让球迷们很失望。(which引导非限制性
定语从句)
The team lost the game, ___________________________.
Don’t ignore what the doctor said
which disappointed the fans
3.透过窗户望去，我发现群山的景色令人叹为观止。
(分词短语作状语)
___________________________,I found the view of the
mountains breathtaking.
4.更重要的是他的诚实，而非财富。(what引导的主语从句)
__________________________ was his honesty,not his wealth.
Looking out of the window
What was more important
学习理解·语篇解构
［教师备用］
多维解读·深度剖析
7.
hand in hand
1. ______
2. ____________
3. _________
4. __________
5. _________
6. _______________________
what
experiences
America
Shandong
Xinjiang
Guangdong and Henan
精研细读·深层理解
1.Why did the author and his family go to a Sichuan
restaurant ( )
B
A.Because they had a special preference for Sichuan cuisine.
B.Because they accepted the recommendation from one
friend.
C.Because they hoped to have a taste of Sichuan
peppercorns.
D.Because they heard that the chef there was very friendly.
2.How many places did the writer and his family visit in
China according to the passage ( )
C
A.Three places. B.Four places.
C.Five places. D.Six places.
3.What can we infer according to the last
paragraph ( )
C
A.The brave people often enjoy eating spicy food.
B.We should be brave to taste new kinds of food.
C.People’s personalities are linked to what they eat to some
extent.
D.In a sense spicy food will lead to a quarrel.
4.What can we infer from the text ( )
C
A.The writer liked French food.
B.The writer liked American food.
C.The writer liked Chinese food.
D.The writer liked English food.
核心知识·深入探究
1.prior to在……之前的(to为介词) priority n.优先;优先权
I would like to have a brief idea of the destination prior
to my visiting,or I would be lost.
在我到访之前，我想简单地了解一下目的地，否则我会迷路的。
归纳 拓展 ·take/give priority over... 优先于……
·be senior/junior to sb 比某人年长/年幼；地位
(或职位、级别)比某人高/低
(be) superior to 优于；比……优越
以上短语中的to均是介词，后接动词时要用v.-ing形式。表示
“比”的含义，不可用连词than代替。
(1)句子语法填空
①Prior to _______ (take) a working holiday abroad you
will need to do a number of things.
②Nowadays the ________ (prior) for travelling is shifted
from shopping to food and scenery.
taking
priority
(2)完成句子
③所有的安排都应该在我们出发之前完成。
All the arrangements should have been completed
______________________.
prior to our departure
2.consist of由……组成(或构成) consistent adj.一致的；连续的
Water is the source of life；it consists of hydrogen and
oxygen.
水是生命之源，由氢元素和氧元素构成。
Success consists in the ability to continue efforts throughout
failures.
成功在于百折不挠。
This doesn’t consist with what you told me earlier.
这和你先前告诉我的不一致。#3.1
The good news is that the results are entirely consistent
with our earlier research.
好消息就是，这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。#4.1
归纳拓展 ·consist in=lie in 存在于；在于
consist with与…… 一致；符合
·be consistent with 与……一致
consist of表示“由……组成(或构成)”，其用法相当于be made
up of/be composed of，但不能用于被动语态和进行时态。
整体 部分
部分 整体
(1)一句多译
大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有暴风雨。
①It is universally acknowledged that life ________________
____________________________.(consist of)
②It is universally acknowledged that life ________________
_______________________________.(be made up of)
consists of not
only sunshine but also storms
is made up of
not only sunshine but also storms
③It is universally acknowledged that ____________________
_______________________ life.(make up)
not only sunshine
but also storms make up
(2)完成句子
④泰山之美在于其迷人的风景和丰富的文化，这是一个事实。
It is a fact that the beauty of Mount Tai ________________
____________________________________.
consists/lies in
its fascinating scenery and rich culture
Our class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls.Everyone’s words
consist with their deeds, and they also subscribe to the fact
that the true wealth does not consist in what we have，but
in what we are.
我们的班级由25名男生和20名女生组成，每个学生都言行一致，
也都认同“真正的财富不在于我们所拥有的，而在于我们自身的
价值”的这个事实。
3.exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的；杰出的；优秀的
except prep.除……之外 exception n.例外；除外 exceptionally
adv.极其，非常；特殊地；例外地
I recommend him without reservation，as I believe you will
appreciate his exceptional ability in his studies.
我毫无保留地推荐他，因为我相信你会欣赏他在学业上的非凡
能力。
Without exception，the longer they have been at their new
homes，the less they like them.
住进新家的时间越长，他们就越不满意。无一例外。
Except for her illnesses，she had a particularly happy
childhood.
除几场病痛之外，她有个特别快乐的童年。#3.1
归纳拓展 ·except for 除……以外
except that... 只可惜；除……之外
·with the exception of 除……以外
without exception 一律；无一例外
except for表示“除……以外(除去另类的内容)”，except表示
“除……之外(不包含在内)”，而besides表示“除……之外(还有)”。
(1)句子语法填空
①She is indeed in the crowd, along with child, who is
_____________(exceptional) cute.
②The other places were all filled _____ the exception of
the one opposite him.
③I sold everything I owned except ____ my books.
④He is a good student except _____ he is occasionally
careless.
exceptionally
with
for
that
(2)完成句子
⑤电话线另一端一片寂静，只有母亲的抽泣声。
The line was quiet on the other side ___________ the cries
of the mother.
except for
4.minimum n.最小值；最少量 adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 反
义词:maximum minimise vt.使减少到最低限度；使显得不重要
I’d earn minimum wage.I’d see how a factory worked.
我挣的是最低工资。我想看看工厂是如何运作的。
The work was done with the minimum of effort.
做这项工作没费什么劲。
No person below the legal minimum age for work shall be
employed or engaged or work.
低于法定最低工作年龄的人不得受雇、受聘或工作。
Paper use should be reduced to a minimum in our daily
work.
日常工作中，应该把纸张的使用降到最少。#4.1
归纳拓展 ·a minimum of 最少……
·above the minimum 超过最低限度
below the minimum 低于最低限度
at a minimum 在最低程度上；至少
·keep...to a minimum 把……保持在最低限度
reduce/bring...to a minimum 把……减少到最小/低
(1)句子语法填空
①The candidates must have a first degree ___ a minimum.
②Cook for ___ minimum of 2 hours,or until the meat is
tender.
③Good hygiene can help _________ (minimum) the risk of
infection.
at
a
minimise
(2)完成句子
④我们应该把事故造成的损失减少到最低限度。
We should reduce the damage caused by the accident
_______________.
to a minimum
⑤为了提高听力能力，你最好每天至少练习30分钟。
To improve your listening，you’d better practise for
__________________________ each day.
a minimum of 30 minutes
5.temper n.脾气；火气 short-tempered/bad-tempered adj.易怒
的；脾气坏的 good-tempered adj.脾气好的；和蔼的
Sorry.I was in a bad temper last night.
很抱歉。我昨晚情绪不好。
I struggle to keep my temper with the kids when they
misbehave.
孩子们淘气时，我强捺住性子不发脾气。
She was sorry that she’d lost her temper.
她为自己发了脾气而感到愧疚。
Jack’s mother was a good-tempered woman.
杰克的母亲是个脾气随和的女人。#4.1
归纳 拓展 have a hot/short/good/mild temper 脾气暴/急性子/好
脾气/温柔的脾气
control one’s temper 控制住某人的脾气
keep one’s temper with 对……按捺住性子
lose temper with 对……发脾气
be in a temper 大怒
get/fly into a temper 勃然大怒
be in a bad/terrible/good temper 心情很坏/糟糕/好
(1)句子语法填空
①Hearing that someone had broken his window，Mr Yang
got _____ a temper.
②As a teacher，you must keep your temper _____ the
students.
③I would not like to go to the cinema tonight，for I am
___ a bad temper.
into
with
in
(2)完成句子
④重要的是我们应该学会控制我们的脾气，这样我们就不会做
任何让我们后悔的事或说任何让我们后悔的话。
The important thing is that we should learn ______________
________ so that we don’t do or say anything that we
regret.
to control our
temper
形容词或分词短语作状语
He had tried to coax (哄) the dog to him but, frightened,
it had run off.
他曾试图把狗哄到他身边，但狗吓坏了，跑掉了。
The boy was lying in bed,awake,listening to the rushing
wind.
这个男孩躺在床上,醒着,听着狂风的呼啸声。
Desperate and worried,Jane knelt down,tears streaming
down her face without control.
既绝望又担心，简跪了下来，泪水止不住地顺着她的脸颊流
淌。#1.3.1
①形容词(分词短语)，独立句。有时形容词(分词短语)作状语时
还可以插入句中，位于主语后面，如：The girl,amazed at the
sight,didn’t know what to say.
那个女孩看到这景象后很惊讶，不知道说什么。
②形容词作状语也可以直接位于动词后面，如：Many poets
died young.许多诗人英年早逝。
完成句子
①他无法控制自己的情绪，大哭起来，以手掩面。
______________________________，he burst into tears and
buried his face in his hands.
Unable to control his emotions
②很高兴得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信真诚地邀请你参观我
们学校正在举行的展览。
_______________________ that you are interested in Chinese
paintings，I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the
exhibition being hosted in our school.
Glad/Delighted to know
③既兴奋又感动，他们泪流满面。
___________________，they were in tears.
Excited and moved
④因为害怕被训斥，小弗朗兹暂时不想回家。
_______________________，little Franz didn’t want to
return home.
Afraid of being scolded
［教师备用］
1.For example,America’s most popular Chinese dish is
General Tso’s chicken,①which consists of fried chicken
②covered in a sweet sauce,③flavoured with hot red
peppers.
例如，在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠甜辣鸡”，它在油炸
的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煸炒过的红辣椒制成。
分析：本句是一个复合句,句①是which引导的非限制性定语从
句,which在句中作主语,②、③是过去分词短语作后置定语。
2.It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in
North China,①where making dumplings has always been a
family affair ②with everyone—from the youngest to the
oldest—joining in to help.
水饺已成为华北人民最喜爱的一种传统食物；包饺子一直是一
项全员参与的家庭活动，无论老少都会加入进来帮忙。
分析：本句是一个复合句,句①是where引导的非限制性定语从
句,making dumplings为动名词短语作主语,②是“with+宾语+宾
语补足语”的复合结构。#1.2.2
1.①例如，重庆最有名的美食是重庆火锅，它由老汤、各种各
样的肉类和蔬菜在一个锅中煮熟。
【答案】For example,the most famous delicacy in
Chongqing is Chongqing Hotpot,which consists of soup
stock,different kinds of meat and vegetables cooked in one
pot.
②西安是中国的古都之一，它因悠久的历史、丰富的文化和众
多美食而闻名。
【答案】Xi’an is one of the ancient capital cities of China,
which is well-known for its long history, rich culture and
plenty of delicious food.
2.①它已经成为我们班学生最喜欢的传统活动。每天作报告总
是很有趣的，每个人——从男生到女生——在课前轮流进行。
【答案】It has become a favourite traditional activity of
the students in our class,where doing daily reports has
always been great fun with everyone—from the boys to the
girls—conducting before class in turn.
②这家餐馆顾客至上，菜肴美味，人气攀升。
【答案】The restaurant, where customers are given the top
priority/treated with great respect and the dishes are
wonderful, enjoys increasing popularity.
进阶提升·写作微练
地理位置描写
1.go across the square 穿过广场
2.east by north 正东偏北
3.across the street/on the other side of the street 在街对面
4.on/at the corner of... 在……拐角处
5.in the centre of the garden 在花园的中央
6.be situated at the northern extreme 位于最北端#6
7.in a village among the hills 在群山环抱的村庄里
8.a small room facing south 一个朝南的小房间
9.be surrounded by mountains 被群山包围/环绕着#9
1.Go straight on, and at the street corner you will find a
big supermarket.
一直直走，在街角你会发现一个大超市。
2.Located in the north part of China, Beijing is a capital
city with a long history.
坐落在中国北部，北京是一座历史悠久的首都城市。
3.The Great Wall begins in the east from the Shanhaiguan
Pass and ends at the Jiayuguan Pass in the west.
长城东起山海关，西至嘉峪关。
4.We are sailing in the direction of east by north.
我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。
5.It starts from Qingtongxia in the south and reaches
Shizuishan in the north, bordering on Helan Mountain to
the west and Ordos Platform to the east.
它南起青铜峡，北至石嘴山，西与贺兰山接壤，东与鄂尔多斯
地台接壤。
1.我们居住的酒店坐落在主街和第一大道的拐角处。令我们非
常高兴的是，它就在城市公园的对面。这是一个美丽的公园，
位于两条主要街道的交汇处。穿过公园，在街道的拐角处有一
家咖啡店。
【答案】Our hotel was located on the corner of Main
Street and First Avenue，and to our great delight，it was
just across from the City Park，which is a very beautiful
park situated at the intersection of two main streets.Across
the park，there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street.
2.这个村子位于河南省东南部，是一个典型的山间村落。它位
于山谷中，群山环抱，风景秀丽，气候宜人。东西长约3公里，
南北宽约2公里。
【答案】This village，located in the southeast of Henan
Province，is a typical village among the hills.Surrounded by
green mountains，it is located in a valley，with beautiful
scenery and pleasant climate.It is about 3 kilometres long
from east to west and 2 kilometres wide from south to
north.
课文二次开发利用
［教师备用］
课文语法填空
Most people today relate “You are what you eat.” to
healthy eating.It 1. ________(actual)refers to our personality,
character, and culture.Chinese cuisine is a case in
point.When introduced to America, it 2. ___________(change)
actually
is changed
to suit American tastes, which tells us Americans like
trying new foods.
Later, I visited China and 3. ____________(experience)
authentic Chinese food.In Beijing, we ate in a Sichuan
restaurant where the chef treated us to dinner 4.
__________(consist) of Sichuan peppercorns.It was wonderful
but what was even more important was the friendship.In
experienced
consisting
Shandong Province, we had 5. _______(boil) dumplings with
vinegar.I found making dumplings is always an affair with
the whole family.In South China and central China, we
experienced local dishes from Guangdong’s elegant dim sum
to the 6. ___________(exception)stewed noodles in
Henan.Through food, Chinese people everywhere show
friendship and kindness.At 7. ___ minimum, the kinds of
boiled
exceptional
a
food 8. __________(consume) by local people tell us what
they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead,
and 9. ______ they like and do not like.
All in all, culture and cuisine go hand 10. ___ hand,
and if you do not experience one, you can never really
know the other.#1.2
consumed
what
in

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