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(共28张PPT)
第六章 介词
考点精析
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考点① 表示时间的介词
介词 用法 示例
in 常用于表示在某个世纪、某年、某月、某个季节以及早晨、上午、下午、晚上等。 in the twentieth century/in 2005/in May/in summer/in the morning
(注:“in+时间段”意为“在……之后”,常与一般将来时连用,用how soon来提问;有时“in+时间段”也可表示“在……之内”的意思,可以用于其他时态)
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on 主要用于表示具体在某一天,或具体某天的早、中、晚或用在节日前。 on Sunday/on a Thursday morning/on a snowy night/on the morning of July 5th/on Children’s Day
at 表示具体的几点钟或在中午、晚上等。 at seven/at a quarter to ten/at noon/at night
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since 可作介词或连词。指从过去某时一直延续至今,后接过去的某个时间点或“一段时间+ago”,相当于“for+一段时间”。 (注:可以用how long对其进行提问) He has studied English
since
(注:since后跟从句,意为“从……以来”,其从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时)
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from from表示“从……时候开始”。 We go to school from Monday to Friday.
我们周一到周五上学。
for “for +一段时间”用于表达动作或状态持续的时长,可与过去、现在、将来等多种时态搭配。需注意,此结构中谓语动词只能用延续性动词。另外,它可用于回答由“how long”引导的关于时长的特殊疑问句。 I have worked here for two years.
我在这儿工作两年了。
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by “by+时间点”意为“到……时为止”或“在……之前”。 He had taught in this university for 30 years by the end of last year.到去年年底为止,他已经在这所大学任教30年了。
until =till 可作介词或连词,意为“直到……”。可以表示一个动作持续到某个时间,也可表示某个否定状态持续到某个时间。 I didn’t go to bed until 12.
我直到12点才上床睡觉。
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during 意为“在……期间”,强调自始至终。 during the class/during the Spring Festival/during my stay in Chongqing
before 可作介词或连词,意为“在……之前”。 I won’t leave before he comes.
他来之前我是不会走的。
Wash your hands before (having) meals.吃饭之前要洗手。
(注:引导状语从句时,时态上要遵循“主将从现”规则;后面接动词时,要用动词 ing形式)
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after 可作介词或连词,意为“在……之后”。 I will leave after he comes back.
他回来后我将离开。
I will leave after (having) lunch.
午饭后我将离开。(注:引导状语从句时,时态上要遵循“主将从现”规则;后面接动词时,要用动词 ing形式)
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考点② 表示地点、方位的介词
1.表示“在某处”:at、in和on。
(1)at一般指小地方。如:
He is standing at the school gate. 他正站在校门口。
(2)in一般指大地方或在某个范围之内。如:
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. 他昨天到的上海。
(3)on通常表示在某个物体的表面。如:
There is a piece of paper on the table. 桌上有一张纸。
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2.表示“在……上”: over、 above和on。
(1)over表示在某物的正上方,反义词为under。 如:
There is a big bridge over the river. 河面上有一座大桥。
(2)above也表示“在……上方(并非正上方)”,其反义词
为below。 如:
The kite is flying above the house. 房子上空有一个风筝。
(3)on指两个物体表面接触,一个在另外一个的上面。 如:
He put an apple on my desk.
他在我的桌子上放了一个苹果。
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3.表示“前后”: in front of、 in the front of、 before、 behind和at the back of。
(1)in front of=before, 指某一范围外部的前面,反义词为behind。如:
There are some trees before/in front of the house.
房前有一些树。
(2)in the front of指某一范围内部的前面,反义词组为at the back of。如:
He sits in the front of the classroom.
他坐在教室的前面。
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4.表示“靠近”: near、 next to、 by、 beside。
(1)near意为“在……附近”。如:
There is a cinema near our school.
我们学校附近有一个电影院。
(2)next to意为“紧挨;在隔壁”。如:
I sit next to Mike. 我挨着迈克坐。
(3)by=beside,意为“在……旁边”。如:
Our teacher is standing by/beside the window.
我们的老师在窗边站着。
注:(1)nearby为形容词或副词,不能说nearby sb./sth.。
(2)beside不能写成besides。
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考点③ 表示动态的介词
介词 含义 示例
into 从外部进入内部 jump into the river
跳进河里
out of 从内部出来 walk out of the office
走出办公室
onto 到……上 fall onto the ground
摔到地上
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across 从一边到另一边 go across the street
穿过街道
through 从内部穿过 walk through the forest
穿过树林
over 从上空翻越 jump over the rock
跳过岩石
past 从旁边经过 (注:动词为pass) walk past the hotel
经过酒店
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along 沿着 go along the street
沿着街道走
to 表移动到目的地 fly to Beijing
飞往北京
towards 朝着/向着某个方位 walk towards the door
朝门走去
off 从某处落下;离开;脱离 fall off the ladder
从梯子上摔落
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考点④ 表示方式、手段的介词
介词 用法 示例
by by+sth.表示“通过……方式”;by doing sth.意为“通过做某事” ①be picked by hand
手工采摘
②go to work by bike
骑自行车上班
③succeed by working hard通过努力获得成功
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through through sth.意为“通过某事” become successful
through hard work
通过努力获得成功
with with+工具/身体部位,意为“用……” with a knife/with our hands用刀/用我们的手
in in+语言/颜色/方式/限定词+交通工具 in Chinese/in red/in a low voice/in this way/in a car
用中文/穿着红衣服/低声地/以这种方式/乘车
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on on+限定词+交通工具;或用于一些媒体名词前 on a bus/on his bike/on the radio/on TV/on the Internet/on the phone
乘公交车/骑他的自行车/在电台上/在电视上/在网络上/在打电话
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考点⑤ 其他易混介词
1.for和of
“It’s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.”与“It’s+adj.+of sb.to do sth.”,前者常用于描述事物的特征,后者常用于描述人物性格、品德。如:
①It’s important for us to learn English well.
学好英语对我们来说很重要。
②It’s very kind of you to help me.
你能帮助我真是太好了。
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2.among和between
among “在……中”,指三者或三者以上;between “在……中”,通常指在两者之间。如:
①The house is hidden among the trees.
这个房子隐藏在树中间。
②Mary sits between you and me.
玛丽坐在你和我中间。
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3.beside、besides和except
beside“在……旁边”,besides “除了……之外(还有)”,except “除了……之外”。如:
①He is sitting beside his mother. 他坐在他妈妈旁边。
②Besides English, I have to study German and French.
除了英语,我还必须学习德语和法语。(包含英语)
③The office is open every day except Sundays.
办公室除了星期天,每天都开着。(不包括星期天)
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体验5年重庆中考
( A　)1. (2025重庆中考·语法选择)He’s good 　　　　.
solving problems in daily life.
A.at　　　　B.to　　　　C.for
( C　)2.(2024重庆A卷·语法选择)　　　　 my tenth
birthday, he asked me, “What will you do
when you grow up ”
A.Of B.In C.On
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( C　)3.(2024重庆B卷·语法选择)She has been away
from her work 　　　　over 20 years ago.
A.in B.at C.since
( A　)4.(2023重庆A卷·语法选择)Welcome 　　　　.
Chongqing...
A.to B.at C.in
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( A　)5.(2023重庆B卷·语法选择)After a week 　　　　.
Guangdong, Eric and I arrived in Hainan.
A.in B.on C.at
( A　)6.(2022重庆B卷)Father’s Day comes 　　　　.
June every year.
A.in　　B.on　　C.at　　D.to
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( D　)7.(2021重庆A卷)The Tianwen 1 Probe landed
on Mars 　　　　May 15th, 2021.
A.at B.in C.to D.on
( C　)8.(2021重庆B卷)We usually have a flag raising
ceremony　　　　Monday.
A.in B.at C.on D.for
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语法专练（介词）
Are you planning to visit Harbin this winter Here are some of the best holiday activities.
Skating is a popular sport in Harbin. Many people go skating with friends or families. When you come to Harbin
　1　winter, don’t miss the pleasure.
Snow falls early in Harbin and there are many ski
resorts (度假村) in Harbin. The ski season can last 　2　
early December to early April. The Yabuli Ski Resort is
　3　 the best in China. It is just a 2 hour drive from
Harbin. This makes it a great place to try skiing.
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Have fun in the snow 　4　your kids in Harbin! Put on warm clothes and go outside of the hotel. Build a snowman, a snow castle, or make anything you like 　5　 snow. If you have time, take them to a park nearby. Both you and your
kids will enjoy it!
Having a snowball fight is also a very interesting sport in the snow while travelling in Harbin. Several friends or
the family members are divided 　6　 two groups and fight each other with snowballs. You should be very quick.
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( A　)1.A.in　　　 B.at　　　 C.on
( C　)2.A.in B.since C.from
( B　)3.A.between B.among C.through
( C　)4.A.for B.to C.with
( B　)5.A.along B.with C.during
( C　)6.A.off B.by C.into
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