资源简介

[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Academics and employers are deeply concerned that students are not sufficiently(sufficient) prepared mathematically for university courses.
2．My English is so limited(limit) that I can't understand what the native speakers say.
3．The boy didn't go to school because he was lacking(lack) in money.
4．I am doing a project on behalf of our school about global(globe) warming.
5．It took Charles a long time to cool down after the argument(argue).
6．By taking exercise regularly(regular), she successfully reduced her weight by five kilograms last month.
7．Robots being exhibited were made from recycled(recycle) materials.
8．It will guide you in getting the necessary resources(resource) from your workspace.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Surrounding yourself with people who'll provide you with support can be very beneficial.
2．Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for/through lack of proper treatment.
3．In closing, all the people present ended the concert with a song I love you, China.
4．We tried many ways to argue him into following our advice, but in vain.
5．I really can't figure out why he left the company without saying one word.
6．In my opinion, taking cellphones with the students should not be banned, but limited to certain areas.
7．Our government attaches great importance to education now，which enables so many people to receive a good education.
8．The constant troubles between the two men resulted from their disagreeable (令人讨厌的) personalities.
维度三　完成句子/一句多译
1．由于缺钱，他们放弃了出国旅行。
For/Through lack of money, they gave up travelling abroad.
2．他们就这个问题的解决方案正在与同学们进行着辩论。
They are arguing with their classmates about/over the solution to the problem.
3．我为了减肥，限定自己每天摄入1 200卡的热量。
I have limited myself to 1，200 calories a day to lose weight.
4．这家公司成功的原因是其为顾客提供质量上乘、价格合理的产品。
The reason why this company succeess is that it provides high-quality products with reasonable prices for its customers．
5．我们学校学生的人数是他们学校学生人数的三倍。
(1)The number of the students in our school is twice larger than theirs．
(2)The number of the students in our school is three times as large as theirs．
(3)The number of the students in our school is three times that of theirs．
[重教材　群文阅读]
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Reading for Writing】
With the development of science and technology, space exploration is popular around the world. Countries around the 1 are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions. Some people 2 that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. However, others feel this is a 3 view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. It has directly 4 the many satellites that now orbit Earth. These satellites record data on land and weather patterns which is 5 to scientists on Earth. After careful 6 ， the scientists can provide useful advice for farmers, which has helped to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already 7 technological improvements that benefit us all. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart 8 and other machines that doctors often use.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different 9 . Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.
1．A．universe B．location
C．place D．globe
2．A．quarrel B．regret
C．argue D．recall
3．A．hollow B．shallow
C．considerate D．surprising
4．A．resulted in B．arisen from
C．carried on D．figured out
5．A．transported B．transmitted
C．delivered D．signalled
6．A．examination B．preparation
C．analysis D．argument
7．A．pretended B．preserved
C．promoted D．possessed
8．A．monitors B．transplants
C．treatments D．donations
9．A．requirements B．benefits
C．opinions D．means
答案：1～5.DCBAB　6～9.CCAB
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林选必三U3】
Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus. Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451. As a teenager, he loved sailing, and he showed great interest in geography, which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman.
Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. After continuous attempts, he received financial support from the King and Queen of Spain. On 3 August 1492, he departed from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen. The journey was full of challenges: it took longer than expected, they faced a shortage of food, and one of the ships was leaking badly, which put everyone on this ship in grave danger. The men on board were in panic. Regardless of all the challenges, Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean. Finally, on 12 October, the crew spotted land in the distance. Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies. However, the shores they had reached were of the Caribbean, not the East Indies.
Between 1493 and 1504, Columbus found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages. The major contribution of this great explorer is that he “discovered” the New World. His discovery inspired explorers such as Captain James Cook to explore and discover more vast areas of the world. His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings. This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.
1．What inspired Columbus to start his sailing career
A．Love of the sea.
B．Interest in geography.
C．Passion for adventure.
D．Attachment to a foreign culture.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Financial support. B．Enough food.
C．The journey. D．A sea route.
3．Which of the following about Columbus is TRUE according to the passage
A．The New World Columbus “discovered” was India.
B．Columbus and his crewmen finally arrived at the East Indies.
C．Columbus received financial support from the King and Queen of Italy.
D．Columbus and his ships set sail from Spain and finally reached the shores of the Caribbean.
4．Which is NOT one of the challenges that Christopher Columbus and his crew encountered
A．A lack of financial support.
B．A shortage of food.
C．One of the ships was leaking badly.
D．The journey took longer than expected.
答案：1～4.BCDA
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·兖州高一期中) Edward O. Wilson, known as “ant man”， was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama. His parents divorced when he was young, and he was moved frequently throughout his childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination (着迷) with ants and their social structures.
Wilson earned his bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Alabama. In 1955, he received his Ph. D． from Harvard and worked there until retirement.
Wilson's early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: how ants communicate through the release of chemical signals.
Later, in 1990, Wilson and German biologist Bert Holldobler published their Pulitzer-winning The Ants. It detailed the insects' social structure that was both valued by scholars and accessible to general readers.
Another of Wilson's major works started in the early 1960s when he teamed up with Robert MacArthur. The pair published The Theory of Island Biogeography, where they sought to explain why different places have different numbers of species.
What many consider to be Wilson's most important contributions to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he published Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The work explored the genetic roots of animal behavior and argued that genes shaped human behavior.
Wilson faced accusations (谴责) for these ideas but his work finally largely proved true. In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.
Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. These accomplishments offered him a type of superstar status, but friends and colleagues say the polite Southerner remained down to earth. “Professor Wilson really listened and engaged with whomever he was interacting with，” said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson's final advisees.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了被誉为“蚁人”的美国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平事迹和主要科学贡献。
1．What contributed to Wilson's passion for ants
A．His accidental disability.
B．The discovery he made about ants.
C．The school education he received.
D．His boyhood time spent in nature.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife...with ants and their social structures.”可知，威尔逊在大自然中度过的童年经历促成了他对蚂蚁的热爱。
2．What is Wilson's first Pulitzer-winning book about
A．The social structure of ants.
B．The distribution of different species.
C．The links between biology and human culture.
D．The role of chemical signals in communication.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Human Nature, which won him a Pulitzer in 1979.”可知，威尔逊的第一本获得普利策奖的书是关于生物学和人类文化之间的关系的。
3．According to the last paragraph, which word can best describe Wilson
A．Productive.　　　　 B．Modest.
C．Open-minded. D．Independent.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，威尔逊教授很谦虚。
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．The Pioneering “Ant Man”
B．Discoveries in Evolutionary Biology
C．A Leading Figure in Popular Science
D．The Adventure of a Pulitzer Prize Winner
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了被誉为“蚁人”的美国生物学家爱德华·威尔逊的生平事迹和主要科学贡献，A项最适合作本文标题。
B
(2024·湖南雅礼中学高一期中)Depending on the right combination of currents and wind, a large mass of Sargassum “seaweed” circling the Gulf of Mexico may soon wash up along the US coast near Florida. The bloom, which is likely to be the largest ever recorded, is visible from space.
Sargassum is a type of leafy, rootless algae that form large floating mats on the ocean floor. It can be found in the Sargasso Sea and was first mentioned by Christopher Columbus in 1492 when he was afraid his ship would become trapped in it.
Sargassum is an important habitat for marine species because it provides food, shelter, and breeding grounds. It absorbs carbon dioxide, an important greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming, just like other floating marine vegetation, according to Phys.org. However, when tons of it gathers along coastlines, it sends out a terrible strong smell which can cause headaches, eye discomfort, and upset stomachs. Too much algae on beaches can harm marine ecosystems and make it difficult for people to keep on with their recreational and fishing activities, costing communities millions of dollars.
Scientists have been tracking the formation of large Sargassum blooms. However, this year's bloom could be the largest ever, covering more than 8，800 kilometers from the coasts of Africa to the Gulf of Mexico and weighing 10 million tons.
It is critical to improve Sargassum management. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) not only advocates best practices in Sargassum cleanup and removal, but also cooperates with governments and communities to develop policies, standards, and measures to protect public and environmental health. FAO is also promoting ways to repurpose Sargassum, turning it into products to provide additional employment and income. In fact, small businesses are already using Sargassum to make bricks, shoes, soaps and paper. Larger businesses are considering turning Sargassum into renewable energy, bioplastics, and compost.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马尾藻对海洋生态系统和沿海社区的影响。
5．Why does the author mention space in paragraph 1
A．To stress the Sargassum bloom is massive.
B．To explain how currents and wind combine.
C．To show what the Gulf of Mexico looks like from space.
D．To demonstrate how the Sargassum movement was tracked.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在第一段中提到太空是为了强调这可能是有记录以来最大的藻华，并且从太空中可见。
6．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Sargassum's significance in the marine economy.
B．The process of Sargassum's moving to the coast.
C．Sargassum's contribution to reducing global warming.
D．The double-edged effects of Sargassum's existence.
D　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要介绍了马尾藻的好处和危害，即马尾藻的双刃剑效应。
7．How do small businesses fight against Sargassum blooms
A．They participate in cleanup activities.
B．They help rebuild marine ecosystems.
C．They create products from Sargassum.
D．They transform Sargassum into resources.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In fact, small businesses are already using Sargassum to make bricks, shoes, soaps and paper.”可知，小企业是通过马尾藻制造产品来对抗马尾藻藻华的。
8．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Smelly Seaweed Bloom Heads to Florida
B．FAO Now Works on Reducing Marine Litter
C．Groundbreaking Project Turns Sargassum into Plastics
D．Sargassum Is Changing the Beach Vacation in Mexico
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了马尾藻藻华的臭味和对佛罗里达附近海岸的影响。A项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2024·武汉部分重点中学高一期中) I've had many opportunities to experience living in a foreign culture. But my first experience came in an 1 place—my own country. When I was 20, I got an internship (实习职位) in New York City. It was my first time to 2 outside of my home state of Texas.
With my move north came culture 3 . I grew up in a big city in Texas. But it was no comparison to the tightly 4 New York with their 8 million citizens. I was used to life at a 5 pace; New York moved fast. The saying is true— this city never 6 . I had to adjust.
My first reaction was fear. Fear I would 7 at my new internship in the 54-storey office building. Fear of getting lost on the subway. Fear that the locals wouldn't have 8 for my frequent moments of confusion. My fear ranged from reasonable to silly. But I 9 my fears and kept trying.
I learned quickly never to 10 a New Yorker always speaks English. New York is home to people of all walks of life, from all corners of the world. At weekends, I would spend hours 11 along Canal Street in Chinatown—the closest I'd ever been to an Asian country.
By the end of my internship, I was a little older, a little wiser and 12 of big city life. I hated the skyscrapers, tourists and the high price I had to pay for a cheeseburger and fries. But I had 13 ， too. I was quicker, smarter and more independent. I knew I would 14 that feeling of having the world right at my doorstep. It was good 15 for the life of travel I'd soon begin.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者离开家乡德克萨斯州到纽约当实习生的经历。
1．A．unusual　　　　　　 B．unexpected
C．unexplored D．unforgettable
B　解析：根据上文“I've had many opportunities to experience living in a foreign culture.”以及下文“my own country”可知，作者第一次体验异国文化是在自己的国家，即意想不到的(unexpected)地方。
2．A．study B．travel
C．live D．explore
C　解析：根据上文“When I was 20, I got an internship in New York City.”及语境可知，此处指作者第一次在远离家乡的地方生活(live)。
3．A．heritage B．image
C．feast D．shock
D　解析：根据下文内容可知，纽约的生活和德克萨斯州不一样，由此可推知，作者经历了文化冲击(shock)。
4．A．crazy B．equipped
C．packed D．stressful
C　解析：根据下文“with their 8 million citizens”可知，纽约非常拥挤(packed)。
5．A．quick B．familiar
C．unique D．relaxed
D　解析：根据下文“New York moved fast.”可推知，来自德克萨斯州的作者习惯了轻松的(relaxed)生活节奏。
6．A．changes B．sleeps
C．adapts D．disappears
B　解析：根据上文“New York moved fast.”可知，纽约生活节奏快，是个不眠(sleep)之城。“the city that never sleeps”意为“不夜城、不眠之城”。
7．A．fail B．battle
C．revive D．protest
A　解析：根据上文“When I was 20, I got an internship in New York City.”和“My first reaction was fear.”可知，作者怕实习失败(fail)。
8．A．desire B．preference
C．respect D．patience
D　解析：根据下文“my frequent moments of confusion”可知，作者害怕当地人对自己频繁的困惑没有耐心(patience)。
9．A．conquered B．forgave
C．admitted D．identified
A　解析：根据下文“kept trying”可知，作者克服(conquer)了恐惧，继续努力。
10．A．propose B．confirm
C．suppose D．ensure
C　解析：根据下文“New York is home to people of all walks of life, from all corners of the world.”可知，此处指不要总以为(suppose)纽约人都说英语。
11．A．reviewing B．hiking
C．wandering D．observing
C　解析：根据语境可知，作者在周末会沿着唐人街的运河街闲逛(wander)。
12．A．proud B．tired
C．aware D．afraid
B　解析：根据下文“I hated the skyscrapers, tourists and the high price I had to pay for a cheeseburger and fries.”可知，作者厌倦(tired)了大城市的生活。
13．A．grown B．won
C．struggled D．practiced
A　解析：根据下文“I was quicker, smarter and more independent.”可知，作者也成长(grow)了。
14．A．hate B．miss
C．lose D．express
B　解析：根据下文“that feeling of having the world right at my doorstep”可知，作者知道自己会怀念(miss)那种世界就在家门口的感觉。
15．A．celebration B．contribution
C．emotion D．preparation
D　解析：根据上文内容可知，作者通过在纽约生活和实习变得更明智、独立，这为其以后的人生做好了准备(preparation)。Period 2　Reading and Thinking
　《教材助读＋语基默写》见分册本
1．procedure　 A．a line that separates two countries，etc.
2．frontier B．the whole of space and everything in it
3．Determine C．to decide definitely to do sth.
4．launch D．to start an activity, especially an organized one
5．desire E．not depending on another for livelihood; capable of thinking
or acting for oneself
6．universe F.a strong wish to have or do sth.
7．independent G.to be a sign that sth. exists or is likely to happen
8．signal H.a way of doing sth., especially the usual or correct way
答案：1～5.HACDF　6～8.BEG
Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure
1．Genre：________
A．Exposition (说明文).
B．Narration (记叙文).
C．Argumentation (议论文).
答案：A
2．Structure and Clues：
答案：(1)vehicles　(2)orbited　(3)first　(4)moon　(5)died　(6)successfully　(7)surface　(8)signaled　(9)further
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
It mainly talks about the space exploration of mankind．
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1．Read Part 1 and answer the following question.
What do scientists do to find out the secrets of the universe
A．Look up at the stars.
B．Design vehicles to carry astronauts into space.
C．Transmit data back to Earth.
D．Establish a space station.
答案：B
2．Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)What does the word “this” in “Following this, there were many more important space achievements.” (Para.2) refer to
A．The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite.
B．Yuri Gagarin's going into space.
C．The study of deep space.
D．Neil Armstrong's walk on the moon.
答案：D
(2)Why do people still want to explore the universe despite the disasters
Because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.
(3)What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us
A．China is the third country in the world to send humans into space.
B．Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 4 spacecraft.
C．China has made great progress in space exploration in recent years.
D．The Tiangong Space Station will allow astronauts to conduct experiments.
答案：C
3．Read Part 3 and answer the following question.
What's many countries' attitude to the space exploration
A．Supportive.　　　　 B．Neutral.
C．Objective. D．Negative.
答案：A
People have always wondered about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only 1.a dream. However, 2.with the help of scientists, people succeeded in realising their dream 3.to explore(explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 4.was launched(launch) by the USSR. 5.Although/Though/While scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. While such disasters brought much sadness and 6.disappointment(disappoint), people still believe in the importance of 7.carrying(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to 8.independently(independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second 9.manned(man) orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable 10.discoveries(discovery) that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
1．What does the title “SPACE：THE FINAL FRONTIER” mean to you Share your ideas with the whole class.
________________________________________________________________________
2．If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you do at present
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．giant adj. A．舱；组件；模块
2．leap n. B．巨大的；伟大的
3．transmit vt.& vi. C．太空行走；太空行走的时间
4．spacecraft n. D．传输；发送
5．spacewalk n. E．航天器；宇宙飞船
6．jade n. F．跳跃；剧增；剧变
7．module n. G．玉；翡翠；玉器
答案：1～5.BFDEC　6～7.GA
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a famous astronaut 一位著名的宇航员
2．legal procedure 法律程序
3．succeed in making rockets 成功制造火箭
4．escape Earth's gravity 摆脱地球的引力
5．the final frontier 最后的边境
6．electric vehicle 电动汽车
7．weather satellite 气象卫星
8．launch a space probe 发射太空探测仪
9．orbit around Earth 环绕地球飞行
10．one giant leap for mankind 对人类来说是一大步
11．travel agency 旅行社
12．data collection 数据收集
13．a warning signal 警告信号
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1.mental ['mentl] adj.精神的；思想的→mentally adv.精神上地；智力上地
2．intelligent [In'telId nt] adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligently adv.聪明地，明智地→intelligence n．智慧，智力
3．determined [dI't mInd] adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determination n．决心
4．disappointment [ dIs 'p Intm nt] n．失望；沮丧→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的；令人沮丧的
5．desire [dI'zaI (r)] n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desired adj.渴望的，想要的→desirable adj.理想的；可取的
6．universe ['ju nIv s] n．宇宙，天地万物→universal adj.普遍的，全体的，全世界的；普遍存在的，广泛适用的
7．independently [ IndI'pend ntli] adv.独立地；自立地→independent adj.独立的；自立的→independence n．独立
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．They'll succeed in(成功) working out the problem because they never give up.
2．The boat appeared a second time eight years later in the same spot, with all the six sailors alive on board(在船上).
3．We have made approaches to them in the hope of(抱着……的希望) establishing a business relationship.
4．I'll get up early so as to(为了) be ready when you come.
5．If you carry on(继续) working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A．根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“not only...but (also)...”意为“不但……而且……”
Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training(不但要学习如何使用太空设备，而且还要进行大量的心理和身体训练).
2．动名词(短语)作主语
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space(太空旅行) was only a dream that could never come true.(Para.2)
[分析]　此句中felt后为省略引导词that的宾语从句；句中还含有that引导的定语从句。
3．the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.
Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first p erson in the world to enter space(世界上第一个进入太空的人).(Para.2)
4．“This/That is because...”意为“这/那是因为……”
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration(这是因为人们还是坚信继续太空探索的重要性) despite the huge risks.(Para.3)
[分析]　此句中还含有“介词despite＋名词”作状语。
5．现在分词(短语)作状语
This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our understanding of the universe(推动了我们对宇宙的理解).(Para.4)
B．根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
Whether it is necessary to carry on space exploration has sparked a heated debate in our class. Different people hold different opinions.
Some argue that it's not necessary. 1.Not only does space exploration demand a large amount of money and time, but it also causes us to ignore present problems (太空探索不仅需要大量的资金和时间，而且会导致我们忽视目前存在的问题) that need urgent attention. However, other students think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. 2.This is because space exploration promotes the development of our society(这是因为太空探索促进了我们社会的发展). For example, by analyzing data from space, scientists can provide farmers with reliable information, hence 3.improving the output and efficiency(提高产量和效率).
Space exploration is about pushing the boundaries of human beings with great rewards. Therefore, I firmly support space exploration, which is a symbol of a nation's comprehensive strength. China has been 4.the first country to build a space station independently(第一个独立建造空间站的国家). I am firmly convinced that in the not-so-distant future, 5.travelling freely in space(在太空中自由旅行) will become a reality.
【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
determined　adj.坚决的；有决心的；意志坚定的
①(教材P40)However, scientists were determined to realise that dream.
然而，科学家们下定决心要实现这一梦想。
②(外研必修二U5)In 2013, I was determined to make my dream come true: I would become Australia's first professional photo blogger.　2013年，我决心实现自己的梦想：成为澳大利亚第一个职业拍照博主。
③(译林必修二U4)The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.　第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
(1)be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)
(2)determine v. 查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
(3)determination n. 决心；决定
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)The government showed its determination(determine) to take control of the situation.
(2)I am determined to make(make) use of my spare time to do exercise.
(3)The quantity, quality and struction of teachers determine on/upon the level of research, the teaching qualities and benefit.
(4)她决定毕业后当一位著名的建筑师。(个人发展与提升)
→She determined to become a famous architect after graduation.
→She determined on/upon becoming a famous architect after graduation.
背诵点　读后续写之人物描写
disappointment　n.失望；沮丧
①(教材P41)However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.
然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，探索宇宙的渴望却永不磨灭。
②(外研必修一U1)You must have had some moments when you were disappointed.
你一定有过一些失望的时刻。
③(北师大选必二U6)There are many times I have been pessimistic about or even disappointed by a film of a book I love.　有很多次我喜欢的书籍被拍成电影，我都不看好，甚至很失望。
(1)(much) to one's disappointment 使某人感到(非常)失望的是
in disappointment 失望地
(2)disappoint vt. 使失望
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
(3)disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的
be disappointed at/about/with/in/by... 对……感到失望
be disappointed to do sth. 做某事感到失望
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)This result is very disappointing(disappoint) and we don't know what to say.
(2)When he saw the grade on his test paper, a disappointed(disappoint) look crossed his face.
背诵点　读后续写之神态描写
(3)The fans walked away in disappointment when the concert was cancelled.
背诵点　读后续写之动作描写
(4)He was disappointed at/with/about/in/by the decision made by the committee.
(5)令我失望的是我的朋友一直和我保持距离。
→What disappoints me is that my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappoint v．)
→To my disappointment, my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappointment n．)
→I am disappointed that my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappointed adj.)
→What makes me disappointed is that my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappointed adj.)
desire　n.渴望；欲望　vt.渴望；期望
①(外研必修三U5)Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
研究还表明，我们寻求冒险的渴望可能与我们期望从结果中获益的程度有关。
②(译林必修一U2)You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents' love and support.　你既有对独立的新渴望，又有对父母的爱和支持的持续的需求。
③(经典例句)Actually, all of us desire to achieve success, but sometimes our actions don't correspond with what we desire.　实际上，我们所有人都渴望成功，但有时侯我们的行动与渴望并不一致。
(1)have a desire
(2)desire(...)to do sth. 希望/渴望(……)做某事
desire that...(should) do sth. 希望/渴望……(应该)做某事
(3)desirable adj. 可取的；值得拥有的
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)The process is painful, but the result is desirable(desire).
(2)She has a strong desire for knowledge and wants to go to college very much.
(3)On hearing the news, we were extremely excited and couldn't resist the desire to take(take) part in.
背诵点　读后续写之心理描写
(4)我们渴望立刻援助那些被洪水围困的当地的村民们。
→We desire that immediate help (should) be given to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire v．)
→We desire to give immediate help to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire v．)
→We have a desire to give immediate help to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire n．)
→We have a desire that immediate help (should) be given to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire n．)
carry on　继续做，坚持干
①(北师大必修二U5)Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.　斯科特和两名队员继续前进，到达了离他们的一处食品储备点不足11英里的地方。
②(译林选必三U2) As well as doing these biological experiments, we carry out experiments in other research fields.　除了做这些生物学实验外，我们还在其他研究领域进行实验。
(1)carry on (with) sth.　　　 继续某事
carry on doing sth. 继续做某事
(2)carry out 执行；实施
carry off 夺走；带走；赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)
carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
(2)All of us would like to see the plan carried out next year.
(3)At last week's contest, John carried off nearly all the prizes.
(4)It was my mother that carried me through my hard time in middle school.
(5)为此，我会继续坚持锻炼，健身运动已经成为我生活中必不可少的部分了。(倡导健康生活)
So I will carry on training, and fitness has already become a key part of my life.
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
signal　vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号
n.信号；标志
(1)signal (to) sb. to do sth.　 示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that... 示意(某人)……
signal...to sb. 向某人示意……
(2)a signal for... 一个……的信号
[微练]——单句语法填空
(1)The police signaled the traffic to move(move) forward slowly.
(2)When he closes his book, it's a signal for everyone to stand up.
(3)We signaled to the driver in the hope of stopping him before he drove into the river.
in the hope of doing sth.　抱着……的希望
(1)in the hope that... 希望……
(2)hope to do sth. 希望做某事
hope for 希望，期待
[微练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
(2)他把所有的时间和精力都投入到学习中，希望能考上他理想的大学。(个人发展与提升)
→He devoted all of his time and energy to study, in the hope of being admitted to his dream university．
→He devoted all of his time and energy to study, hoping to be admitted to his dream university．
so as to (do sth.)　为了；以便
in order to... 为了……
in order that/so that... 为了……
[微练]——一句多译
为了上课不迟到，我们最好快点。
→We had better hurry up in order/so as not to be late for class．
→We had better hurry up in order that/so that we were not late for class．
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
mental　adj.精神的；思想的
①(外研必修三U5)It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical, as well as mental, toughness to push when you want to stop.
它会驱使你深入观察自己的内心，并在你想要停下的时候，弄清楚自己的身体和心理是否真的有韧劲继续前行。
②(北师大必修三U7)The Starry Night was painted in June 1889 when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the mentally ill.
《星空》是文森特·凡·高于1889年6月在一家精神病院里创作的。
intelligent　adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
①(外研必修三U3)In terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
从环境方面来讲，建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。
②(译林选必二U4)One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.
人工智能的基本目标之一是开发计算机智能，它能够从经验中学习，适应新的输入，并像人类一样执行任务。
“not only...but (also)...”意为“不但……而且……”
①(教材P38)Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
宇航员不但要学习如何使用太空设备，而且还要进行大量的心理和身体训练。
②(外研必修二U6)This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
这不仅是因为鲨鱼带来的恐惧，还因为采割鱼鳍。
(1)“not only...but (also)...”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分时，着重强调后者；当其连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则；
(2)“not only...but (also)...”可连接两个并列的句子。若not only位于句首，其后面的句子要用部分倒装，but (also)后面的句子不倒装。
单句语法填空/句式升级
(1)What impressed me most was that not only did she bravely confront the difficulties, but she also willingly offered(offer) a helping hand to those in need.
背诵点　读后续写之主旨升华
(2)Not only my friends but also I was(be) present at the conference yesterday.
(3)She not only won the race, but also set a new record.
→Not only did she win the race,but she also set a new record.(部分倒装)
“This/That is because...”意为“这/那是因为……”
①(教材P41)This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.　这是因为尽管风险巨大，人们还是坚信继续太空探索的重要性。
②(外研必修二U2)That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
那就是为什么 《圣诞老人的来信》 这本书对于那些把圣诞节视作一年中特殊时刻的人来说是一本完美的书。
教材原句中“This is because”意为“这是因为……”，强调原因。
This/That is why... 这/那是为什么……(强调结果)
The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)He got up late in the morning. That's why he didn't attend the meeting.
(2)I know that it is because I don't spend much time memorizing them after class.
(3)他如此努力学习的原因是他想进入理想的大学。(个人发展与提升)
→He works so hard. That's because he wants to go to his ideal college．
→He wants to go to his ideal college. That's why he works so hard．
→The reason why he works so hard is that he wants to go to his ideal college.
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．become the first person in the world to enter space
成为世界上第一个进入太空的人
2．make great progress 取得很大进步
3．despite the huge risks 尽管风险巨大
4．step onto the moon 踏上月球
5．look up at the stars 仰望星空
6．establish its own space station 建造自己的空间站
7．go wrong 出错；出故障
8．transmit data 传送数据
9．further study planets 进一步研究行星
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．When exposed to stress, in whatever form, all of us react both mentally and physically.
2．Police insisted that Michael did not follow the correct procedure in applying for a visa.
3．George is organized, easy-going, hard-working, and intelligent. In a word, I can't think too highly of him.
4．She signaled to a passing taxi and asked the driver to take her to the railway station.
5．They were bitterly disappointed(失望的) at the result of the game.
6．It is desired(期望) that the project be finished before the end of this month.
7．In order to improve learning efficiency, I urge that all of us form the habit of thinking independently(独立地) and going over lessons in time.
8．A fund was launched(发起) to set up a monument in memory of the dead.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．I have determined on/upon(确定) going to the countryside after graduation.
2．When facing difficulties, we need to support each other and encourage each other to carry on(继续).
3．The young man has a desire for/desires for(渴望) a better life and is willing to make sacrifices.
4．To her disappointment(令她失望的是), her best friend didn't come to her birthday party yesterday.
5．They saved money every month in the hope of(抱着……的希望) buying a house one day.[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　单句语法填空
1．If so, you may be surprised to learn(learn) that libraries have changed for the better.
2．Thanks to your encouragement, I finally got the courage to face(face) the challenge.
3．The next Summer Olympics to be held(hold) will surely attract many international tourists.
4．She was the first woman to win(win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
5．When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person to send(send) it to.
6．He failed his exam, making(make) his father very angry.
7．The question to be discussed(discuss) tomorrow is about the pollution.
8．To promote(promote) students' sense of social responsibility, moral education and some related activities should be strengthened.
9．With the world changing fast, we have something new to deal(deal) with all by ourselves every day.
维度二　语法与写作
1．为了帮助学生学好汉语，我们学校已决定向你们的汉语班捐赠一批图书。
To help the students (to) learn Chinese better, our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.
2．智能手机让人们体验到科技改变生活的力量。
Smart phones gave people the experience of the power of technology to change lives．
3．会上有很多事情要谈。
There are many things to talk about at the meeting.
4．得知你被北京大学录取了我非常高兴。
I'm more than delighted to learn that you have been admitted to Peking University．
5．几年后他回到家，却被告知当地最大的那家超市在一场大火中已经被毁了。
He returned home several years later, only to be told the largest supermarket in the area had been ruined in a great fire.
维度三　语篇填空
Last weekend, I went to a bookstore 1. to buy(buy) some books. There, I came across a boy. He was old enough 2. to read(read) by himself. He wanted to buy a geography book that cost one dollar. However, he had only sixty-two cents in his pocket. The money was too little for him 3.to get(get) that book. The boy looked quite disappointed, but he was determined to try some other bookstores 4.to get(get) one. Because I wanted to know the result, I decided to follow him.
The boy tried four different bookstores 5. to find(find) a cheaper book, but he went from one store to another, only 6. to find(find) the book more expensive. In the sixth bookstore, the owner found that the boy was worried, so he asked him why he was anxious 7. to get(get) a geography book. The boy told him that he wanted to become a sailor like his father, so he wanted to learn more about geography. Hearing what the boy said, the owner gave him one for free. The boy was very excited. The result was satisfying. Before I left, I gave the boy two dollars so that he was able to have money 8. to buy(buy) more books.
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·浙南名校联盟高一期中)Landfills are places where a large amount of waste and other refuse(垃圾) is buried in the ground. They are responsible for releasing a large amount of planet-warming methane(甲烷) gas into the atmosphere, a new study suggests.
The study, which was published in Science Advances on Wednesday, is aimed at helping local governments carry out targeted efforts to limit global warming by identifying areas of major concern. For this purpose, the scientists used satellite data from four major cities around the world—Delhi and Mumbai in India, Lahore in Pakistan and Buenos Aires in Argentina.
Based on the collected data, the scientists have drawn the conclusion that landfills are the third-largest source of methane emissions (排放) worldwide, after oil and gas systems and agriculture. And further investigation shows that the methane released from the landfills is generated from the decomposition (分解) of natural waste in them, like food, wood or paper.
Methane, though only accounting for about 11 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, traps 80 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO2. Scientists estimate that at least 25 percent of today's warming is driven by methane from human actions. That's why landfills are partly to blame for the global warming.
Joannes Maasakkers, a leader of the study, said, “We found that these landfills, which are relatively small compared to city sizes, are responsible for a large part of total emissions from a given area.” Another scientist, Euan Nisbet, who was not part of the study, said, “This new work shows just how important it is to manage landfills better, especially in countries like India where landfills are often on fire, resulting in a wide range of damaging pollutants (污染物).” He also added that the newer satellite technology and on-the-ground research make it easier for researchers to identify “who is polluting the world”．
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，垃圾填埋场向大气中释放了大量使地球变暖的甲烷气体。
1．Why did the scientists carry out the study
A．To reduce the emission of the methane.
B．To help the authorities control the global warming.
C．To test out the new satellite technology.
D．To clarify which places people are concerned about.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，科学家进行这项研究是为了帮助政府控制全球变暖。
2．What do we know about methane gas according to the passage
A．There exists methane in food, wood and paper.
B．Methane makes up most of the greenhouse gases.
C．More methane is released from landfills than from agriculture.
D．Methane prevents more heat in the air from escaping than CO2 does.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Methane, though only...traps 80 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO2.”可知，甲烷比二氧化碳更能困住空气中的热量。
3．What's Euan Nisbet's attitude towards the study
A．Favourable.　　　　 B．Concerned.
C．Unclear. D．Doubtful.
A　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Another scientist, Euan Nisbet, who...to identify ‘who is polluting the world’．”可知，尤安·尼斯贝特对这项研究持赞成态度。
4．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Methane causes the temperature of the earth to go up.
B．Satellite data help identify the source of the pollutants.
C．Landfills are to blame for the release of much methane.
D．Waste and other refuse should be forbidden for their impact.
C　解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了垃圾填埋场是释放大量甲烷的罪魁祸首。
B
(2024·泰山国际学校高一期中)The lack of clues left behind by ancient Americans has made it difficult for researchers to determine precisely when humans first arrived on the continent. However, it has always been believed to be about 13，000 years ago. Now, evidence from the Chiquihuite Cave in Zacatecas, Central Mexico, seems to suggest that prehistoric humans may have been living in North America as early as 30，000 years ago.
Dr. Ciprian Ardelean, of the Autonomous University of Zacatecas who led the groundbreaking research, first became aware of the cave in May 2010. Getting to the cave located 2，750 meters above sea level required a 45-minute truck ride to the base and an uphill climb over a rough terrain (地形). However, Dr. Ardelean and his team found enough clues to make the difficult journey three additional times—in 2012, 2016, and 2017.
The archeologists' efforts revealed many artifacts (史前古器物) including over 1，900 stone tools from multiple layers of the cave. The scientists found that most of the tools were between 16，000 and 13，000 years old. However, 239 artifacts unearthed from the deepest layer of the cave dated back an astonishing 30，000 years!
While the genetic material gained in the cave was only plant and animal DNA, the team did find evidence of sulfur (硫), potassium (钾) and zinc (锌) elements that could indicate human activities such as killing animals. Dr. Ardelean says the absence of human DNA confirms that the early people visited the cave for short periods of time.
The researchers are unsure of the ancient humans' origins or the path they took to get to America. They guess the groups were tribes (部落) who moved from place to place and went extinct at some point during their migrations. Dr. Ardelean says, “We don't know who they were, where they came from or where they went. They're a complete enigma. We falsely assume that the native populations in the Americas today are direct descendants from the earliest Americans, but now we don't think that is the case.” Archeologist Loren Davis, from Oregon State University, is unsure that the artifacts recovered are tools. The researcher says, “If it's true that people were in Zacatecas 32，000 years ago, that changes everything—it more than doubles the time people have been in the Americas. I'm not going to say it's impossible, but if all they found are broken rocks without any hard evidence, it's natural for people to challenge the conclusion.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项考古发现，来自墨西哥中部扎卡特卡斯的奇奎特洞穴的证据似乎表明，史前人类可能早在3万年前就生活在北美。
5．What did Dr. Ciprian Ardelean do
A．He sold hundreds of artifacts.
B．He explored the cave four times.
C．He made the cave world-known.
D．He collected artifacts from the cave.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句以及最后一句可知，阿德林博士第一次去这个洞穴是在2010年5月，然后在2012，2016和2017年又去了三次，所以他探索了这个洞穴四次。
6．What shakes the traditional belief concerning North America
A．Metal elements unearthed from the cave.
B．Plant and animal DNA discovered in the cave.
C．The stone tools from the cave's deepest layer.
D．The artifacts from the upper layers of the cave.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The scientists found that most of the tools...dated back an astonishing 30，000 years！”可知，从洞穴最深处发现的石器动摇了关于北美的传统想法。
7．What does the underlined word “enigma” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Problem. B．Breakthrough.
C．Appeal. D．Mystery.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句“We don't know who they were, where they came from or where they went.”可知，科学家们不了解古代人类情况。因此画线词的意思为“谜”。
8．In which column of a newspaper can we read this passage
A．Archaeology. B．Anecdote.
C．Economy. D．Literature.
A　解析：文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Now, evidence from the Chiquihuite Cave...living in North America as early as 30，000 years ago.”可知，文章介绍了一项考古发现，因此我们最有可能在报纸的考古专栏中读到这篇文章。
Ⅱ. 七选五
(2024·深圳平湖外国语学校高一期中) Mars is truly a fascinating planet for those of us here on Earth. 1.________ It is about half as big as Earth and is often referred to as the Red Planet because of its red surface.
The Red Planet has the largest volcano in the solar system—Olympus Mons. 2.________ That's about three times the height of Mount Qomolangma.
Mars also has an atmosphere, but it is very thin and made up mostly of carbon dioxide. Because of its thin atmosphere and greater distance from the Sun, Mars is much colder than Earth. 3.________ The dust storms of Mars can grow so big that sometimes they blanket the entire planet and last for months. The poles on Mars are a lot like Antarctica, capped by ice, but much of Mars' ice is made from carbon dioxide, not water.
Scientists believe that studying Mars can help answer some of the key questions about our planet Earth, or even the universe.
4．________ Since 1960, more than half of all attempted Mars missions have failed. The USA, Russia, the European Space Agency, and several other countries have lost many spacecraft in their quest to explore the Red Planet. Nevertheless, they will still continue their explorations. Chinese experts are confident about their plan to explore Mars, in spite of the many challenges. The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched from Wenchang around 2020. But it is only the beginning of deep voyages into outer space. 5.________
A．It is roughly 27 kilometres high.
B．Missions to Mars have never been easy.
C．Mars, however, today has no active volcanoes.
D．The temperature at the planet's surface varies widely.
E．However, Mars does have weather, with clouds and winds.
F.China will continue to explore the mysteries of the universe.
G．It is one of the few planets that we can see with our own eyes.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了火星的自然环境以及火星任务的实施难度。
1．G　解析：根据上下文内容可知，本句与空后一句并列，都是在介绍火星，G项中It指代Mars。G项符合语境。
2．A　解析：上文提到奥林匹斯山是太阳系最大的火山以及下文提到的大约是珠穆朗玛峰的三倍高，本句应说明奥林匹斯山的高度。A项符合语境。
3．E　解析：根据上下文内容可知，本句是在说明火星上的天气，下文提到了沙尘暴，可见火星上有风，E项符合语境。
4．B　解析：下文提到很多火星任务都失败了，可见火星任务并不容易实施。B项符合语境。
5．F　解析：本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文，继续说明中国对宇宙的探索，F项符合语境。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
(2024·宁波三锋教育联盟高一期中)Many people are 1.____________(confuse) about the meaning of the names: the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England. 2.____________(solve) this puzzle, it is necessary for people to know a little bit about British.
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales 3.____________(join) to the Kingdom of England, followed by the country Scotland in the 18th century. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the 4.____________(south) part of Ireland broke away from the UK, 5.____________ resulted in the full name we have today: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”， meaning the UK is also often referred to 6.____________ Britain or Great Britain.
Even though the four countries 7.____________(belong) to the United Kingdom work together in some areas, such as using the same flag, sharing the same currency and military 8.____________(defend), they also have some differences. Anyhow, the United Kingdom has 9.____________ long and interesting history to explore 10.____________ it can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国形成的过程和发展历史。
1．confused　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，表示“困惑的”，应用形容词confused。“be confused about...”意为“对……感到困惑”，为固定搭配。
2．To solve　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。
3．was joined　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，且主语the nearby country of Wales和join之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。
4．southern　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，修饰名词词组part of Ireland ，应用形容词southern意为“南方的”，作定语。
5．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。
6．as　解析：考查介词。“be referred to as...”意为“被称作……”，为固定搭配。
7．belonging　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语，belong to意为“属于……”，无被动形式，应用现在分词。
8．defence/defense　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词作宾语。
9．a　解析：考查冠词。 history在此处是可数名词，a/an...history意为“一个……的历史”，且long的发音是以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
10．and　解析：考查连词。上下文为并列关系，应用连词and连接。Period 4　Reading for Writing
　《教材助读＋语基默写》见分册本
1．recycle A．to fasten or join one thing to another
2．lack B．the world
3．current C．happening now; of the present time
4．sufficient D．not having much distance between the top or surface and the bottom
5．globe E．to speak angrily to sb. because you disagree with them
6．argue F．enough for a particular purpose
7．shallow G．the state of not having sth. or not having enough of sth.
8．attach H．to treat things that have already been used so that they can be used again
答案：1～5.HGCFB　6～8.EDA
Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure
1．Genre：________
A．News Report (新闻报道).
B．Narration (记叙文).
C．Argumentation (议论文).
答案：C
2．Structure and Clues：
答案：(1)shallow　(2)made a difference　(3)promoted　(4)to think about　(5)to solve　(6)continue
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
It mainly talks about the benefits of space exploration to mankind．
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1．Read Part 1 and answer the following question.
Why do some people think we should stop wasting time and money exploring space
Because they think that we should pay attention to the problems such as poverty, pollution and fatal diseases in the world.
2．Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)How can exploring space help fight against hunger
A．The scientists analyze the data recorded by satellites and provide useful suggestions for farmers.
B．Satellites orbiting Earth can help fight against severe weather.
C．Satellites can change the weather pattern，thus improving output of crops.
D．The scientists invent some useful equipment to help with farming.
答案：A
(2)After seeing those pictures of Earth as an island in a black sea, what did people realise
A．We have such a rapidly increasing population.
B．The resources on Earth are so limited.
C．It is hard to find other planets as our new home.
D．Life on Mars will be nicer than that on Earth.
答案：B
(3)Which of the following is NOT true according to this part
A．Exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
B．Many satellites orbit Earth now due to exploring space.
C．The scientists can provide useful recommendations after analyzing the data transmitted by the satellites.
D．Space technologies are used in industries rather than everyday products.
答案：D
3．Read Part 3 and answer the following question.
What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage
A．To give tips on how to explore space.
B．To explain various ways of exploring space.
C．To show space exploration has many benefits and should continue.
D．To warn people of stopping wasting time and money exploring space.
答案：C
People hold different views on whether much money and energy should be spent in 1.exploring(explore) space.
Now a number of satellites 2.are orbiting(orbit) Earth, many of 3.which have transmitted important data to scientists on Earth. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide 4.useful(use) recommendations and advice for farmers. As 5.a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts 6.to grow(grow) enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.
Space exploration has a big impact on our life. High-end products are made to a higher standard because of 7.advanced(advance) technology. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries and everyday products such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras, are changing our lives.
Sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's 8.resources(resource) are limited. In order to provide for such a 9.rapidly(rapid) increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. All in all, exploring space provides the world 10.with many different benefits, and it should be continued.
Some people think that space exploration costs a lot of time and money and is not worth it. What do you think about that
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．float vi.& vt.　　　　　 A．神秘事物；谜
2．otherwise adv. B．微波炉
3．solar adj. C．太阳的；太阳能的
4．soap n. D．枕头
5．microwave n. E．热衷的；渴望的
6．keen adj. F．高端的
7．high-end adj. G．泡沫橡胶；泡沫
8．foam n. H．结尾的；结束的
9．pillow n. I．肥皂
10．smartphone n. J．智能手机
11．closing adj. K．浮动；漂流；漂浮；使浮动；使漂流
12．mystery n. L．否则；要不然
答案：1～5.KLCIB　6～10.EFGDJ　11～12.HA
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．recycled paper　　　　 再生纸
2．bones and muscles 骨头和肌肉
3．beyond the solar system 太阳系之外
4．a bath towel 一条浴巾
5．soft tissue 软组织
6．sports facilities 体育设施
7．a shallow view 一个肤浅的观点
8．weather patterns 天气模式
9．heart monitors 心脏监测仪
10．natural resources 自然资源
11．a loss of oxygen 氧气的流失
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．lack [l k] n．缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏→lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的
2．current ['k r nt] adj.当前的；现在的 n．水流；电流；思潮→currently adv.现时；目前
3．sufficient [s 'fI nt] adj.足够的；充足的→sufficiently adv.足够地
4．globe [ɡl b] n．地球；世界；地球仪→global adj.全球的；整体的
5．argue ['ɑ ɡju ] vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n．争论；争吵；论点
6．fatal ['feItl] adj.致命的；灾难性的→fate n．命运
7．analysis [ 'n l sIs] n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)e v．分析
8．regularly ['reɡj l li] adv.经常；定期地→regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的
9．limited ['lImItId] adj.有限的→(反义词)limitless adj.无限的→limit v．& n．限制
10．attach [ 't t ] vt.系；绑；贴→attached adj. 依恋的；附属的→attachment n．附属物；(邮件)附件
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．He is trying to figure out(弄懂) a way to solve the problem.
2．There was an accident that resulted in(导致) the death of two passengers.
3．Parents are responsible for providing for(供养) their children's physical and emotional needs.
4．People have better access to health care than they used to, and they're living longer as a result(结果).　
5．In closing(最后), you should know that I will come to your aid without hesitation.
6．Conditions are getting worse and supplies are running out(用完).
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A．根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“whether...or...”意为“无论是……还是……”
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away(无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球). (Para.1)
2．动名词(短语)作主语
Firstly, exploring space(太空探索) has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. (Para.2)
3．动词不定式作目的状语
In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population(为了满足快速增长的人口需求), scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.(Para.4)
[分析]　此句中还含有that引导的定语从句。
4．it作形式主语
It is necessary to find a new home(有必要找到一个新的家园) for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
[分析]　此句中还含有as引导的原因状语从句。
5．倍数表达法
Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as(大约两倍高) Mount Qomolangma.
B．根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
Recently, China's lunar exploration has captured global attention.1.Chang'e 4's historic landing on the far side of the moon(嫦娥四号在月球远端历史性的着陆) has not only expanded our understanding of the moon but also inspired a new generation of scientists and engineers. For example, it is believed that the number of impacts the moon has experienced 2.is twice as many as that we can see on its surface(是我们在其表面所能看到的数量的两倍).
3．To show our technological power(为了展示我们的技术实力), China has conducted a series of well-planned lunar missions.4.It is amazing to see the profound impact of these missions(看到这些任务产生的深远影响令人惊叹). Lunar landing technology has been applied to other space projects. Moreover, 5.to promote international space cooperation(为了促进国际空间合作), China is willing to share the discoveries, 6.whether it's about the moon's features or the moon's composition(无论是关于月球的特征还是月球的构成).
In conclusion, China's lunar exploration has confirmed that China is one of the key players in the field of space exploration.
【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
lack　n.缺乏；短缺　vt.没有；缺乏
①(教材P42)Astronauts' bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity, so they need to exercise every day, which will help them stay healthy.　由于缺乏重力，宇航员们的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常虚弱，因此他们需要每天锻炼，这有助于他们保持健康。
②(外研选必三U1)Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self-confidence and a desire for attention.
沉迷于在线修图表明缺乏自信并渴求关注。
③(北师大选必一U1)The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.　问题在于我对自己缺乏信心。
(1)(a/the) lack of...　　　　　 缺少……
for/through lack of... 由于缺乏……
(2)lacking adj. 缺乏的；缺少的
be lacking in sth. 缺少某物
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)As is known to all, lack of sleep is harmful to us students.
(2)Though lacking(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university.
(3)他因为缺乏学习的动力而考试没有及格。
→He failed the exam for/through lack of the motivation to study．(lack n．)
→He failed the exam because he lacked the motivation to study．(lack vt.)
→He failed the exam because he was lacking in the motivation to study．(lacking adj.)
argue　vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论；主张
①(教材P44)Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
②(北师大必修三U9)If you find your inner voice difficult to control, you can argue with it as most active learners do.
如果你发现内心的声音难以控制，你就可以像大多数主动学习者那样和它争论。
③(译林必修一U2)Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.
激烈的争论和冷战在青少年和他们的父母之间很常见。
(1)argue with sb. about/over sth. 就某事与某人争论
argue for/against 赞成/反对
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
(2)argument n. 争论；争吵；论点
have an argument with sb. about/over sth. 就某事和某人争论
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)I've made this argument(argue), and not a few people would disagree with me.
(2)Most of the members argued for his plan, which made him satisfied.
(3)Finally, the woman argued her husband into giving up smoking.
(4)和他争论这个问题是没有用的，因为他不会改变主意。
→It's no use arguing with him about/over the question,for he won't change his mind.(argue v．)
→It's no use having an argument with him about/over the question,for he won't change his mind.(argument n．)
背诵点　读后续写之人物描写
“说服某人做某事”的其他表达还有talk sb. into doing sth.、reason sb. into doing sth.、persuade sb. into doing/to do sth.、convince sb.to do sth.等。
result in　导致；造成
①(教材P44)It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.
如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于它。
②(外研必修二U4)Movies of course need impressive images, so why has Alice in Wonderland only resulted in movies best described as “interesting”？　电影当然需要令人印象深刻的画面，那么为什么《爱丽丝梦游仙境》被搬上银幕后，顶多被描述成是“有趣”的电影呢？
③(译林必修一U3)As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one-sided.
因此，如果我们只被自己的感情支配，我们的判断就可能是片面的。
(1)result from...　　　　　 由……造成
(2)as a result 所以，结果是
as a result of... 由于，作为……的结果
with the result that... 结果是……
单句语法填空/同义替换
(1)It's generally believed that his illness resulted from the overfull tiredness.
(2)As a result of your carelessness, the plan should be put off at least one month.
(3)For most of the time, the leftover children can't get emotional support from their parents, resulting in so many problems.
(4)He didn't study hard, as a result, he failed the exam.
→He didn't study hard, with the result that he failed the exam.
表示“造成、导致”的常见短语还有bring about、contribute to、lead to、give rise to等。
attach　vt.系；绑；贴；重视
①(教材P46)While sleeping, they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.
睡觉的时候，他们必须把自己绑在某个东西上，以免四处飘浮。
②(译林必修二U1)Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects.
另一个我认为很重要的方面是视觉特效。
③(北师大必修一U3)Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.
然后，在我们的前门上倒贴“福”字。
(1)attach importance/significance/value to...
重视……；认为……重要/有意义/有价值
attach...to... 把……附在……上
(2)attached adj. 喜爱的；依恋的；附属的
be attached to 被连接到……；爱慕；附属于……
(3)attachment n. 附件，附属物
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)This hospital attached(attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.
(2)I have no choice but to bother you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.
背诵点　应用文写作之求助信
(3)To keep secure, make sure the attachments(attach) are free of any virus or other defects.
(4)是国家高度重视节能和环境保护的时候了。(聚焦社会热点)
It is high time that the country attached/should attach great importance to energy saving and environmental protection．
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
beyond　prep.在更远处；超出
(1)beyond sb.　　　　　 使某人无法想象(或理解、做等)
(2)beyond one's reach 某人够不着
beyond (one's) expectation 出乎(某人的)预料
beyond expression 无法表达
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力
beyond recognition 认不出来
beyond control 失去控制
beyond repair 无法修理
[微练]——补全句子
(1)To be honest，the beauty of this old town is beyond expression(无法表达).
(2)The complexity of this math problem is beyond me(超出了我的理解).
(3)The performance of the team was beyond our expectations(超出了我们的预期) and they won the championship.
provide for sb.　提供生活所需
(1)provide sb. with sth.(＝provide sth. for sb.)
给某人提供某物
(2)provided/providing (that)... 假如……；倘若……
[微练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)China volunteered to provide a large quantity of medical supplies for them.
(2)It has the largest number of lakes and they provide Canada with more fresh water than any other country in the world.
(3)你可以借我的书，只要你按时归还。
You can borrow my book provided/providing (that) you return it on time．
run out　用完；耗尽
run out of　　　　 用完，用尽(主语通常为人)
give out 用尽，精疲力竭(不及物动词短语，无被动语态)
use up 用完，耗尽(及物动词短语)
[微练]——一句多译
如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。(聚焦社会热点)
→If we keep using the water like this, we will soon run out of it/use it up．
→If we keep using the water like this, it'll soon run out/give out．
背诵点　应用文写作之倡议书
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
recycle　vt.回收利用；再利用
①(译林必修三U1)It has to be a community-wide effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle.
全社会必须共同努力，每个人都可以通过遵循“减少使用、重复使用和循环利用”的黄金法则来尽一份力。
②(2021·全国乙卷)Because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.
由于它们体积小并且重量轻，不能被回收利用。
otherwise　adv.否则；要不然
①(外研必修三U6)There was water everywhere, but we couldn't drink any of it otherwise we'd get really sick.
到处都是水，可我们不能喝，否则我们会病得很厉害。
②(北师大选必二U4)You have slightly high blood pressure and you're breathing quite heavily, but otherwise everything's fine.
你的血压有点高，呼吸有些沉重，但其他方面都正常。
regularly　adv.经常；定期地
①(译林必修一U2)The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication.
保持和平的关键是定期的、真诚的沟通。
②(北师大选必三U7)Up until the 1980s, people in many countries regularly followed in their parents' footsteps by working in the family business or joining the same profession as them.
一直到20世纪80年代，在很多国家人们往往继承父母的事业，参与家族生意，或从事与父母相同的职业。
倍数表达法
①(教材P48)Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.　奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山，高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
②(外研必修二U6)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量高达三倍。
常见的倍数表达法有：
(1)A is＋倍数＋as＋形容词＋as B；
(2)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than B；
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/height/...)＋of B；
(4)A is＋倍数＋what从句；
(5)A is＋倍数＋that of B。
单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)(译林必修三U1)With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
(2)The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.
(3)The size of the newly-broadened square is four times that of the previous one.
(4)现在正在修建的教学楼是那个教学楼的四倍高。
→The teaching building being built now is four times as high as that one．
→The teaching building being built now is three times higher than that one．
→The teaching building being built now is four times the height of that one．
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．be transmitted to scientists on Earth 传送给地球上的科学家
2．fatal diseases 致命性疾病
3．in the fight against world hunger 在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中
4．advanced technology 先进的技术
5．promote technological improvements 推动科技进步
6．provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers
为农民提供有用的建议和意见
7．various space missions 各种太空任务
8．a shallow view 一种肤浅的观点
9．make a difference 有影响，有意义
10．find immediate solutions to other problems
尽快找到其他问题的解决方案
11．meet the requirements for space exploration
满足太空探索的要求
12．after careful analysis 经过仔细分析
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．They may only have a limited amount of time to get their points across.
2．Everyone is required to work out regularly and keep healthy.
3．I will put empty cans, bottles and waste paper into dustbin in order that they can be recycled．
4．They are looking for ways of reducing the waste of natural resources．
5．Please send the document attachment(附件) to my email as soon as possible.
6．The ecologist is concerned about the current(当前的) condition of the wildlife.
7．He is a shallow(肤浅的) thinker whose opinions aren't worth much.
8．The hotel has special facilities(设备) for welcoming disabled people.单元过关检测(四)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why doesn't the woman want to ski
A．It's too cold.
B．She is hungry.
C．It's impossible to see anything.
2．Why is the man dissatisfied with the coat
A．Because of the quality.
B．Because of the price.
C．Because of the color.
3．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At a supermarket.
B．At a restaurant.
C．At a theater.
4．What does the woman ask John to do
A．Do his homework.
B．Take the piano class.
C．Pick up the package.
5．What traditional Chinese painting is Susan most interested in
A．Figures.
B．Landscape painting.
C．Birds and flowers.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does Betty make the call
A．To confirm the tennis court.
B．To cancel the appointment.
C．To show her concern.
7．What will Betty do next Monday
A．Give Dennis a call.
B．Play tennis with Dennis.
C．Have a talk with Dennis.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What attracts the woman to the shopping mall
A．The big sale.
B．The fashion show.
C．The cartoon show.
9．Who is Sammy White
A．An actress.
B．A shop owner.
C．A writer.
10．When will the speakers go to the shopping mall tomorrow
A．At 1：15 p．m.
B．At 1：45 p．m.
C．At 2：15 p．m.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11．Where is the man going
A．The art exhibition.
B．The supermarket.
C．The library.
12．What are the man's favorite
A．Cartoons.
B．Watercolors.
C．Oil paintings.
13．What can we learn about the man
A．He wishes to paint very well.
B．He dislikes the traditional style.
C．He has much artistic ability.
14．What is the woman going to do this weekend
A．Buy some paintings.
B．Take painting lessons.
C．Go to the exhibition.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．When does the Barnes & Noble Summer Reading Program for kids end
A．In August.
B．In September.
C．In October.
16．What can children do after reading eight books during the program
A．Download free journals.
B．Join the program free.
C．Get a free book.
17．Which grade is Jim studying in
A．Grade 1. B．Grade 6. C．Grade 7.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How many days will the trip last
A．About 10 days.
B．At most 8 days.
C．At least 13 days.
19．Where will the speaker do most of the shopping
A．In Tokyo.
B．In Hong Kong.
C．In Seoul.
20．Which city is included in the trip
A．Beijing. B．Tokyo. C．Taipei.
答案：1～5.CCBCA　6～10.BACCA
11～15.CBACB　16～20.CCCBC
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Shall we stop at the restaurant over there
W：To be honest, I'd prefer to wait here until we can see again.
M：Are you kidding？We can't stay here—we will freeze to death！Come on, follow me.
W：I can't see anything！Everything is white.It's impossible to ski！①
(Text 2)
M：I love this coat.The quality is great，but there's just one thing...
W：The price
M：Actually, I'd like the color to be brighter.②
(Text 3)
W：Do you know if our food is ready？We're going to be late for the theater if it doesn't come soon.
M：I'm sorry, ma'am.The kitchen is backed up.It ought to be ready soon.③
(Text 4)
W：John，pick up the package downstairs，OK？④ I must go to work now.
M：Oh, Mum, you know I have to do my homework now.Why not ask Lisa
W：You are always looking for excuses.Lisa is going out for her piano class.
(Text 5)
M：Susan，do you know what traditional Chinese painting mainly includes
W：Yes.It mainly includes landscape painting, figures, birds and flowers.
M：So which do you like best
W：I love looking at figure paintings most.⑤
(Text 6)
W：Hello, Dennis.This is Betty.
M：Oh, hi. How are you
W：Not so well, I'm afraid.That's why I'm calling you. We're supposed to play tennis this afternoon，right？⑥
M：Yes, the court's been booked.I just have to call and confirm it.
W：But I'm afraid I can't make it.I've got a cold.And since it's windy today, I don't want to risk getting worse.I'll get an important meeting tomorrow. So, we'll have to cancel it...⑥
M：I see.
W：I'm really sorry.We could arrange a time to meet next week.
M：Well, these things happen...Give me a call next Monday.
W：OK, I will.⑦
(Text 7)
W：Can you go to the shopping mall with me tomorrow afternoon
M：Why？Is there a big sale
W：Well, there's a cartoon show there. ⑧And Sammy White will sign copies of her book and answer questions on it.⑨She will stay there for two hours and then she has to leave for another appointment.
M：Wow.That sounds great.I'll go with you.Do we have to go early
W：Yeah. Sammy is expected at a quarter past two.So I plan to go there one hour early.⑩ Queues will start to form at a quarter to two or even earlier.
M：OK，the shopping mall is not far，so we can go there by bike.
(Text 8)
W：Hey，Michael.Where are you heading？The supermarket
M：Hi，Linda.I just came back from an art exhibition. I'm going to the library now.
W：Really？Is it good
M：Yeah, pretty good.You know I don't have any artistic ability，but I can appreciate the stuff there.There are cartoons，oil paintings and watercolors.They're really amazing.
W：What paintings do you like best
M：I would have to say watercolors. They are just so colorful and beautiful.
W：Yeah, that's one thing that I like about them.But I can't stand the traditional style.I find it so boring.
M：Really？I don't think so.I'm crazy about art, and I wish that I were able to paint as well as these artists. You should go and have a look at this exhibition if you can afford a day. It's really great.
W：Well, I was just thinking about what to do for the weekend.Now you've given me a good idea. I'm really looking forward to it.
(Text 9)
W：The summer is getting close.I want to encourage my son Jim to read more this summer.Jack，do you know any good summer reading programs for children
M：Yes. The Barnes & Noble Summer Reading Program for kids is very good. This program begins at the beginning of May and runs for four and a half months.
W：How does it encourage children to read
M：Well, children can earn a free book after they read eight books and log them on the downloadable reading journal. But the choice must be made from the selected books available at the store.
W：Can any child join in the reading program
M：No.It is only available to students in grades 1 to 6.
W：That's bad. Jim is already in the seventh grade.
M：Then try the Books A Million Summer Reading Program.Children in middle school can also join in this reading program.
(Text 10)
W：I'm so excited about my trip to Asia.I've never been there before. First I'm flying to Taipei from the US. I'll be spending three days there，because I hear that there's a lot to see and do.I'll also be spending three days in Seoul. I hear the nightlife there is great. Second，we go from there to Hong Kong. I'm planning to do lots of shopping there, so I hope two days is enough to buy everything I need. I would really love to go to Beijing for a few days.But，unfortunately，this tour doesn't go there.After Hong Kong, we'll end up in Thailand for five days. So I guess I won't be able to get to Tokyo or Malaysia on this trip.Oh well, I have to save a few places to visit on my next vacation.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Help Teen Line Is Here.
·CALL 800 852 8336 Nationwide (6：00 p.m. 10：00 p．m.)
·TEXT TEEN to 839863(6：00 p．m. 9：00 p．m.)
·EMAIL US at teenline@
Are you a teen looking for help
Opening up to someone can be scary. Talking about what you're dealing with is often hard, but at Teen Line we do everything we can to make it as easy as possible for you. Our only goal is to help you in whatever way we can.
What to expect when you call or text Teen Line
When you call or text Teen Line, another teen will be there to listen, understand, and answer your questions. Many of our callers are talking to someone about what they're going through for the first time. Our teen listeners are aware of that and try to make you as comfortable as possible.
When you call or text Teen Line, we won't judge you or tell you what to do. We will listen to you and work with you to find a way to improve your situation.
Who is going to answer your call or text
Our volunteers, who are high school students from Los Angeles, California, will answer your call. Our volunteers—who we call “Listeners”—receive over 100 hours of training from mental health professionals so that they can respond and understand the needs of the teens reaching out.
What topics can you discuss with us
Listeners are ready to talk about anything you are going through. The most common topics teens reach out about are relationships, anxiety, depression and loneliness.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个青少年帮助热线的信息。
21．Who is the passage written for
A．Teachers.　　　　　 B．Parents.
C．Teenagers. D．Adults.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据小标题“Are you a teen looking for help？”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章是写给青少年的。
22．What will Teen Line do if they receive a call
A.They will tell the caller what to do directly.
B．They will work with the caller to solve the problem.
C.They will turn to professionals for help.
D．They will only listen to the caller.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段内容可知，如果青少年热线的工作人员接到电话，他们会和来电者一起解决问题。
23．What can we know about “Listeners”？
A.They haven't received much professional training.
B.They are high school students in New York.
C.They only talk about how to deal with relationships.
D．They can't answer your call after 10：00 p．m.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“CALL 800 852 8336 Nationwide (6：00 p．m. 10：00 p.m.)”可知，晚上10点以后热线志愿者不能接听电话。
B
When you hear the word “birthmark”， you probably think of one of those black or brown spots that you have on your body. For me, it's different—I have them on my lips and inside my mouth.I'm used to being asked, “What are those black marks on your lips？” When I tell people they're birthmarks, they usually say, “That's strange.” I used to consider them ugly.However, my mom calls them beauty marks.
In pictures, I used to hide my birthmarks by pursing (噘起) my lips so I wouldn't have to deal with people's questions.As I was growing up, people wore me out with them.Some people would ask me the same question even before knowing my name.In society I feel like we judge people by their looks before their personality.
My birthmarks are caused by a genetic (基因的) condition from my mom's side of the family.My mom's mom has birthmarks on her lips, and my mom's uncle and my uncle have some on their bodies.Every year I plan to have a procedure to remove them.But when imagining the process, I always get nervous and give up.
My cousin faces a similar challenge.She has a huge birthmark that takes up her whole arm.She's never tried to hide it or change her appearance.Once, her grandmother told her that the birthmark looked extremely prominent and suggested that she should wear long sleeves more often.If my cousin had actually taken that suggestion, she wouldn't be such a person as she is.
Inspired by my cousin, I am finally accepting who I am and now I don't hesitate when someone asks me about them either.I say, “They're beauty marks” and smile without pursing my lips.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者非常在意自己嘴唇和嘴里都有胎记，但在表姐的启发下，作者终于接受了自己的胎记的故事。
24．How did the author feel when asked about the birthmarks
A．She felt excited to show her difference.
B.She felt annoyed to give others an answer.
C．She was scared to be made fun of by people.
D．She was bored to be faced with the question.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In pictures...wore me out with them.”可知，作者在过去面对人们反复问胎记的问题时会感到厌倦，心情不好。
25．Who has the similar birthmarks like the author
A．Her mother.　　 B．Her grandmother.
C．Her cousin. D．Her uncle.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My mom's mom has birthmarks on her lips”可知，作者的外祖母嘴唇上也有胎记，所以作者和外祖母有相似的胎记。
26．What can be inferred about the author's cousin
A.She dislikes talking about her birthmarks.
B.She never judges others by their looks.
C．She is more confident than the author.
D.She has taken her grandmother's suggestion.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“My cousin faces a similar challenge...never tried to hide it or change her appearance.”和上文内容可知，作者的表姐比作者自信。
27．What does the underlined word “prominent” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Brilliant. B．Apparent.
C．Harmful. D．Impressive.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“she should wear long sleeves more often”可知，表姐的奶奶想让她用长袖衣衫遮挡胎记，因为她觉得胎记太明显了。画线词与B项“Apparent”意义相近。
C
Nothing feels more like summer than a neighborhood barbecue. But the annoyance of summer gatherings remains: the buzzing (嗡嗡声) of mosquitoes around our ears.
“The buzzing in your ears is mostly just a side effect of the mosquito's wings beating，” said Michael Riehle, a professor at the University of Arizona. “The sound doesn't have a long range, so you notice it most when they are flying around your ears.”
“From a distance, mosquitoes track carbon dioxide that we give out.” Riehle told Live Science. “They fly back and forth to follow that concentration level back to the source.”
But in fact, that buzzing you hear is likely from a female mosquito. That's because male and female mosquitoes lead very different lives. The males typically hang out and feed on the sweetest part of flowers; they couldn't care less about the humans wandering about. The females, however, need to find a blood meal in order to have enough energy to produce eggs.
As she approaches, the female mosquito zeros in on body heat and the carbon dioxide to land on the victim. The female mosquito uses taste sensors on her feet to determine whether the human, or any blood bearing animal, is adequate to tap for her next meal.
But while we feel mosquitoes buzzing around our ears, Riehle noted that most mosquitoes are not attracted to our heads. Rather, these bloodsuckers may be more likely to seek out our feet, which have bacteria that give off attractive smell to mosquitoes. However, most people probably don't notice a mosquito buzzing around their ankles, he said.
Another study found that female mosquitoes were more attracted to men who had less diverse bacteria on their skin than to men with more diverse skin bacteria; these bloodsuckers also prefer those who wear dark colors, such as black.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚊子为什么会在人们耳边发出嗡嗡声以及迈克尔·里勒教授的一些看法。
28．What attracts mosquitoes to our heads
A．There is most carbon dioxide.
B．The face skin is easy to stick in.
C．There exists their favorite smell.
D．They can suck most blood there.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，蚊子在人们头部盘旋是因为它们追踪人们释放的二氧化碳，根据浓度水平找到二氧化碳的源头，即头部的二氧化碳最多。
29．What do female mosquitoes use to determine a meal
A.Her nose.　　　　　 B．Her sensors.
C．Her eyes. D．Her ears.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The female mosquito uses taste sensors...for her next meal.”可知，雌性蚊子利用脚上的味觉传感器来判断。
30．What color might help avoid mosquitoes most according to the passage
A.Black. B．Blue.
C．White. D．Red.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，蚊子喜欢深色的衣服，所以为了避蚊，最好是穿浅色的衣服。
31．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Why Do Mosquitoes Buzz in Our Ears
B.How Can We Avoid the Buzzing of Mosquitoes
C.How Are Male and Female Mosquitoes Different
D.What Effect Does the Buzzing of Mosquitoes Have
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了蚊子为什么会在人们耳边发出嗡嗡声，因此，A项最适合作文章标题。
D
Parkinson's is a progressive brain disease which leads to shaky hands and slow movement, and there is no cure.Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese martial art that combines (结合) slow, gentle movements with deep breathing and relaxation, may be an effective means of reducing the suffering.Recently, the researchers say that those who practised the martial art twice a week had fewer complications (并发症) and better quality of life than those who didn't.Experts say the findings back up previous studies on the benefits of exercise for those with Parkinson's.
The study, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson's patients for up to five years.One group of 147 people practised regular Tai Chi while another group of 187 did not.The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms (症状), movement and balance.This group also saw fewer falls, less back pain and dizziness, with memory and concentration problems also lower than in the other group.At the same time, sleep and quality of life continuously improved.
Prof.Alastair Noyce, professor in neurology and neuroepidemiology (神经流行病学) at Queen Mary University of London, called it “an important study”—the positive effects on aspects of motor (运动的) and non motor functions are impressive—but said there were limitations in its design, and more tests were needed.
“We already recommend Tai Chi, as well as other forms of exercise, but understanding which forms of exercise are most beneficial is an important goal to improve the long term management of patients，” he said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究。该研究表明，练习太极拳有助于缓解帕金森氏病的症状。
32．Why was the study conducted
A．To find a cure for Parkinson's disease.
B．To improve the sleep quality of Parkinson's patients.
C.To remove the misunderstanding of the previous studies.
D．To research the benefits of Tai Chi for those with Parkinson's.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段中的“The study...monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson's patients for up to five years.”可推知，进行这项研究是为了研究太极拳给那些患有帕金森氏病的人带来的好处。
33．Which of the following is NOT the researchers' finding
A.Concentration problem was lower in the Tai Chi group.
B．The disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group.
C.Patients in the non Tai Chi group continuously fell down.
D.Back pain and dizziness were relieved in the Tai Chi group.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers found that the disease progressed...lower than in the other group.”可知，太极拳组的病情发展较慢，跌倒、背痛和头晕次数更少，记忆力和注意力问题也更轻微，选项A、B、D均是研究发现，C项不符合题意。
34．What is Prof.Alastair Noyce's attitude towards the study
A．Confused.　　　　　　 B．Doubtful.
C．Positive. D．Worried.
C　解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Prof. Alastair Nayce...non motor functions are impressive”可推知，他对这项研究持肯定态度。
35．What can we learn from Prof.Alastair Noyce's words
A.Tai Chi should be given more preference.
B．Finding the most beneficial exercise is of importance.
C．It is unnecessary to do more related studies.
D.Improve the long term management of patients is impossible.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，他认为找到最有益的锻炼方式是非常重要的。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four Reasons to Adopt a Dog
If you haven't already experienced the unbelievable joy of adopting a dog, this year is a great time to feel the love.36._______？ Here are some great reasons.
Unconditional love
Even your closest friends and family members trouble and are troubled by you occasionally. 37._______. You just take him to take a walk or just check out that wagging (摇摆) tail and happy bark when you return from work.Your dog loves you unconditionally!
38．_______
Each year, 2.7 million dogs die in shelters because there just aren't enough people to adopt them.When you adopt a dog from a shelter or rescue group, not only are you saving that dog, but you're also clearing up space for another animal that might need it.
You'll never be lonely
39．_______， dogs are typically more social animals, wanting to hang with their people.Whether you're reading, or working on the computer, your dog will likely be at your side or curled up at your feet, enjoying your company.A study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that dog owners are less lonely, less depressed, and are happier and have higher self esteem than those without dogs.
It's good for your health physically and mentally
There are all sorts of studies that show links between dog ownership and health benefits from lowering the risk of heart diseases to living longer lives.40._______， and children born into a home with a dog have a reduced risk of developing all diseases.
A．You'll save a life
B．Do you need some reasons
C．But your dog wouldn't trouble you
D．Would you like to go to walk a dog
E.Other studies show that dogs help relieve stress
F.Unlike cats that often are quite happy doing their own thing
G．Your friends are tired of seeing your face from social media
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了收养狗的四个理由。
36．B　解析：根据上下文可知，空处提出疑问，表示收养狗是否需要一些理由。B项符合语境。
37．C　解析：空处和上文应该形成转折关系，说明狗不会打扰你。C项符合语境。
38．A　解析：空处为段落小标题。根据下文内容可知，本段阐述的理由是收养狗也是在拯救生命。A项中的“save a life”和下文的“saving that dog”对应。A项符合语境。
39．F　解析：根据空后的逗号可知，空处不是完整的句子，结合下文“dogs are typically more social animals, wanting to hang with their people”可知，空处应和狗进行对比。F项符合语境。
40．E　解析：根据本段小标题“It's good for your health physically and mentally”和上文“There are all sorts of studies...the risk of heart diseases to living longer lives.”可知，养狗对身体健康有好处，空处对应小标题应该提出养狗对心理健康的好处。E项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a college student, I did a lot of travelling abroad.That was because a professor 41 me to do so.She said, “Now is the time for you to travel around the world, 42 your knowledge through actual experiences and have fun！” I 43 her.
Since I started to work for a food company, 44 ， I have done most of my travelling through the Internet.By using the Internet, I have seen the 45 of many cities on my computer screen.And I have really made business 46 ， too.With the help of the Internet, I have also got 47 about food from different countries.
Therefore, I was beginning to feel that actual trips were 48 necessary when I happened to read a famous chef's comment on the Internet.He said, “It is very difficult to have real Italian food in a foreign country, because we enjoy food and the 49 around us at the same time.” Those words 50 me of my professor's advice.With information technology advancing, you might be able to do without making some real trips.But this also means that you will miss the various 51 you can get from travelling.
Today, people 52 direct communication with others and spend much of their time on the Internet.I do not think that they are taking good advantage of information technology.We should use information technology as a tool to make our daily communication more 53 ．Besides, we should never let it 54 our time for face to face communication.Let's make use of information technology more 55 and have great fun in experiencing the actual world.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者大学期间经常出去旅行，但工作后旅行大多数都是在网上进行的，然而一位著名厨师的话让作者明白了现实旅行的意义的故事。作者告诉读者要理智使用信息技术，享受现实世界。
41．A.promised　　　　　　 B．encouraged
C．permitted D．forced
B　解析：根据下文中的“She said, ‘Now is the time for you to travel around the world, ______your knowledge through actual experiences and have fun！’”可知，教授鼓励(encourage)作者多出去旅行。
42．A.enrich B．prove
C．employ D．benefit
A　解析：根据下文中的“your knowledge through actual experiences”可知，老师鼓励作者通过旅行经历来丰富(enrich)自己的知识。
43．A.followed B．learned from
C．approached D．agreed with
D　解析：根据上文中的“When I was a college student, I did a lot of travelling abroad.That was because a professor ______me to do so.”可知，作者上大学期间在老师的鼓励下经常旅行，由此可知，作者同意(agree with)老师关于旅行的观点。
44．A.indeed B．otherwise
C．though D．therefore
C　解析：根据上文中的“When I was a college student, I did a lot of travelling abroad.”和下文中的“I have done most of my travelling through the Internet”可知，作者在大学时期经常出去旅行，工作后大多在网上旅行，前后表示转折，应用though。
45．A.arts B．sights
C．rivers D．houses
B　解析：根据上文中的“I have done most of my travelling through the Internet”可知，作者在网上“旅行”，通过电脑屏幕看到了许多城市的景色(sight)。
46．A.plans B．opportunities
C．progress D．trips
D　解析：根据上文中的“I have done most of my travelling through the Internet”和语境可知，除了在网上“旅行”，作者还出差过。business trip意为“出差”。
47．A.information B．taste
C．experiences D．feelings
A　解析：根据上文中的“With the help of the Internet”和下文中的“about food from different countries”可知，作者通过网络了解到不同国家的食物信息(information)。
48．A.actually B．no longer
C．additionally D．even more
B　解析：根据“Therefore”并结合前一段描述作者通过网络“旅行”的情况可知，作者开始认为真正的旅行不再(no longer)有必要了。
49．A.people B．drink
C．atmosphere D．environment
C　解析：根据下文中的“around us at the same time”并结合常识可知，人们在享受一个国家的美食的同时，也在感受当地的气氛(atmosphere)。
50．A.reminded B．informed
C．warned D．cured
A　解析：根据下文中的“me of my professor's advice”可知，这位厨师的话让作者想起了教授曾经给作者的建议。remind sb.of sth.意为“提醒某人某事”，为固定搭配。
51．A.news B．pleasures
C．troubles D．places
B　解析：根据上文中的“With information technology advancing...means that you will miss the various”可知，你会错过真实旅行中的各种乐趣(pleasure)。
52．A.enjoy B．keep
C．lose D．avoid
D　解析：根据下文中的“spend much of their time on the Internet”可知，人们在网上花大量时间，避免(avoid)和他人进行直接交流。
53．A.labor saving B．long lasting
C．fruitful D．accessible
C　解析：根据上文中的“use information technology as a tool”可知，要把信息技术当作工具，让日常交流变得更加富有成效(fruitful)。
54．A.make up B．get through
C．take up D．break down
C　解析：根据下文中的“our time for face to face communication”可知，这里表示不能让信息技术占用(take up)面对面交流的时间。
55．A.wisely B．correctly
C．instantly D．gradually
A　解析：根据上文中的“We should use information technology...our time for face to face communication.”可知，此处作者呼吁要明智地(wisely)使用信息技术。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ninety seven Chinese cities have newly become “gigabit cities (千兆城市)” in 2023, meaning they gained the ability 56.____________(offer) gigabit 5G and gigabit optical fiber services, 57.____________(know) as “dual gigabit”， said China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) recently.
Building gigabit cities is 58._____________landmark project of new digital infrastructure (基础建设) development in China.By the end of October 2023, all households in China's gigabit cities 59.____________(cover) by gigabit optical fiber services.On average, there 60.____________(be) 21.2 5G base stations per 10，000 people in gigabit cities.Users with speed of 500 Mbps or higher reached 33.2 percent, and the average 5G users accounted 61._____________49.2 percent.
In gigabit cities, over 99.5 percent of public hospitals 62._____________rank at the top of China's three tier grading system, key universities, 63.____________(culture) and tourist areas, as well as train stations offering passenger services, main airports, and key roads were 64.____________(wide) covered by 5G network, the MIIT said.
Gigabit cities have greatly promoted the innovation and 65.____________(apply) of gigabit 5G and optical fiber technologies, which has enabled various industries to improve productivity and efficiency.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2023年中国有97个城市新晋为“千兆城市”的消息，并介绍了千兆城市的概念、发展情况、覆盖范围以及其对行业生产力和效率的影响。
56．to offer　解析：考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词“ability”，应用动词不定式。
57．known　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和逻辑主语“gigabit 5G and gigabit optical fiber services”之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。
58．a　解析：考查冠词。 修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。landmark的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。
59．had been covered　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“By the end of October 2023”可知，本句时态为过去完成时；主语为“all households in China's gigabit cities”，和动词cover之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
60．were　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处作there be句型中的谓语动词；根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为21.2 5G base stations，为复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数形式。
61．for　解析：考查介词。account for意为“占据……”，为固定搭配。
62．which/that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， 空处引导定语从句，先行词为“over 99.5 percent of public hospitals”，空处为在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that。
63．cultural　解析：考查形容词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词修饰名词areas。
64．widely　解析：考查副词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰谓语动词were covered。
65．application　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应和空前的innovation保持一致，用名词形式。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校英语角举办了一场关于向太空中投放垃圾是否可取的讨论会，请你用英语写一篇文章描述讨论经过。内容包括：
1.40%的同学认为可以投放，60%的同学认为不可以；
2.明确你的观点立场，并陈述理由(至少两个理由)。
注意： 1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
One possible version：
The English corner of our school recently held a discussion on whether it is advisable to put rubbish into space.
Opinions are divided on this issue.About 40% of the students support the idea of putting rubbish into space while 60% of the students hold the opposite view.Personally, I don't think it is advisable to put rubbish into space.First of all, more and more space rubbish will surely cause serious pollution to the space.Secondly, throwing rubbish into space can severely threaten the safety of spacecraft.
In a word, we should oppose the act of putting rubbish into space and come up with better ways to solve it.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the day was fading and it started to drizzle (毛毛雨).I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders.It was Friday again: a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste, a weekend at home.I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers' warm and comfortable cars.Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me.It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like dismay (沮丧).I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly oiled chain creaking (嘎吱作响) against the wheel to announce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up for the weekend, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease.I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the numerous cars and saw my friends' faces sticking out of the cars' windows.It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T shirt.
To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache once in a while.She just looks a homely middle aged housewife.Being a practitioner of DIY, she knits most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles.Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I'd force a smile and reply in a half joking manner: homemade.
I couldn't remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment.As a little boy, I relied on her so much.She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed.It had always been much fun riding with Mom. But just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Today she showed up in a raincoat._________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in.______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Today she showed up in a raincoat. Seeing her standing in the heavy rain with all the body wet, I finally could not control myself and shouted at her, “Why do you look so flustered I don't need you to take me home.I feel ashamed to have a mother like you！” Suddenly, Mom was shocked and silent.Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition.She said nothing and just covered the raincoat on me.I pushed it away wildly.
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in. With a smile, she said, “Dear son, I'm trying my best to earn our living, and I'm sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.” Hearing her words, I felt embarrassed.I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning.Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well.But I was still unsatisfied.I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no effort to study hard and get it by myself.Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
动词不定式作定语和状语
一、动词不定式的各种形式
(1)(教材P40)Today, scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.　如今，科学家们研制出飞行器将宇航员送入太空进行重大发现。
(2)We take it for granted that everyone should have the chance to be educated.
我们认为人人都应该有受教育的机会是理所当然的。
(3)We consider ourselves privileged to have been invited to give a speech here.
我们认为被邀请到这里做演讲是我们的荣幸。
(4)The boy pretended to be reading when the teacher came in.
老师进来时，男孩假装在看书。
句(1)中的黑体部分为动词不定式的一般主动式；句(2)中的黑体部分为动词不定式的一般被动式；句(3)中的黑体部分为动词不定式的完成被动式；句(4)中的黑体部分为动词不定式的进行式。
主动语态 被动语态 意　义
一般式 to do to be done 表示动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后
完成式 to have done to have been done 表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
进行式 to be doing 表示动作与谓语动词所表示的动作是同时发生的，而且正在进行
单句语法填空
(1)(2024·浙江卷1月)However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra to benefit(benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense.
(2)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
(3)When the boss came in, the workers pretended to be working(work) hard on their machines.
(4)All the students got very excited at the news that the scientist, who was reported to have won(win) the Nobel Prize, was coming to their school.
(5)The two passengers occupying seats were reported to have been banned(ban) from taking trains for 180 days.
二、动词不定式作定语
(1)(教材P40)On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.
1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
(2)(教材P41)However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.
然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，探索宇宙的渴望却永不磨灭。
(3)He is known for his ability to speak four languages.
他以会说四种语言而闻名。
(4)He finally found a good house to live in.
他终于找到了一所好房子住。
句(1)中的动词不定式to enter space作定语，修饰the first person；句(2)中的动词不定式to explore the universe作定语，修饰the desire；句(3)中的动词不定式to speak four languages作定语，修饰his ability；句(4)中的动词不定式to live in作定语，修饰a good house，其中in不能省略。
1．动词不定式作定语时，修饰名词或代词，动词不定式和它所修饰的词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系、主谓关系、动状关系或同位关系，动词不定式位于所修饰的词之后。
2．动词不定式作定语可表示还未发生的动作。
3．序数词、形容词最高级或the last、the only、the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。
4．抽象名词attempt、ability、chance、desire、determination、decision、plan、way或不定代词something、nothing等后常用动词不定式作定语。
5．如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面应有相应的介词。
单句语法填空
(1)(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step to journey(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
(2)The plum trees are the first to flower(flower) even as the snow is melting.
(3)We'd better put off interviewing the athlete, for he is busy preparing for an international contest to be held(hold) in Shanghai next month.
(4)His ability to get(get) on well with people is his chief advantage.
(5)Give me a piece of paper to write on．
三、动词不定式作状语
(1)(教材P41)Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.
之后，“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车抵达月球，开展对月球表面的研究。
(2)They were very surprised to be informed of the news.
他们听到这个消息感到非常惊讶。
(3)Mr.Green hurried to the store, only to find it was closed.
格林先生匆忙赶到商店，结果发现它关门了。
句(1)中的动词不定式to study its surface作目的状语；句(2)中的动词不定式to be informed of the news作原因状语；句(3)中的动词不定式to find it was closed作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。
动词不定式在句中作状语时，主要用来表示目的、原因及结果等。
1．作目的状语时，常置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语气，常与in order或so as组成短语(so as to do...不置于句首)。
2．作原因状语时，常见于“sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do...”结构中。
3．作结果状语时，常见于“too...to...”“enough to...”“so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)”“only to do(表示意料之外的结果)”结构中。
现在分词(短语)作结果状语多表示自然而然的结果，即句子谓语和结果状语之间有直接的因果关系。
单句语法填空
(1)Yesterday I went to see her, only to learn(learn) that she had gone abroad a week before.
(2)Jack has made great progress, making(make) his parents very happy.
(3)(2023·全国甲卷) For thousands of years, people have told fables(寓言) to teach(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
(4)I'm sorry to take(take) up so much of your valuable time.
(5)I am honoured to be invited(invite) to give you a lecture here.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You must feel very upset when you get to my office on time, only to find(find) me fail to arrive.
2．What's worse, many of the houses were seriously damaged, leaving(leave) over 100 people homeless.
3．He is very disappointed because there are no tickets to be sold(sell) for the concert.
4．In our school, he is the only student to attend(attend) the important meeting.
5．My friend told me he had a lot of readings to complete(complete) before the end of the term.
6．I am glad to deliver(deliver) a speech at the opening ceremony on behalf of our school.
7．These courses offer us opportunities to improve(improve) our abilities to appreciate art.
8．Mike found that he had no chair to sit on/in in the room.
9．Would you be so kind as to spare(spare) some time to come and join us
10．The best way to improve(improve) your English is to join an English club.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．他急急忙忙赶到售票处，却被告知已经没有票了。
He hurried to the ticket office, only to be told no ticket was available．
2．我建议我们下周再会面以进一步讨论这个项目。
I suggest we meet again next week to discuss the project further．
3．我写信邀请你和我们一起参加将在我们学校举办的“外国学生讲中国故事”活动。
I'm writing to invite you to join us in the “Foreign Students Tell Chinese Stories” to be held in our school．
4．汤姆是最后一个到达机场的人。
Tom is the last one to arrive at the airport．
5．实验失败了，导致了珍贵数据的丢失。
The experiment failed, leading to the loss of valuable data．[过基础　知识巩固]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1.When hearing the disappointing(disappoint) news, the old man was very upset.
2．It is believed that some medicine can do harm to people physically and mentally(mental).
3．It is universally(universe) acknowledged that learning English well will be of great benefit to us all.
4．It is desired(desire) that interest rates should be reduced.
5．In my opinion, parents should leave their children to think independently(independent) about how to deal with the problems they encounter.
6．Determined(determine) to do this on my own, I spent a whole day going from door to door asking for help.
7．The intelligence(intelligent) and beauty of the daughter make her father extremely proud.
8．A man stood up, signalling(signal) that he was strongly opposed to the plan.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．The captain refused to leave the sinking ship because there were others on board.
2．The people trapped in the ruins desire that rescue team (should) be sent(send) here without delay.
3．Paul is fond of Chinese culture, so he determines to settle(settle) in China.
4．She closed her eyes in disappointment when she realized her mistake.
5．Marie Curie is the first woman scientist to win(win) the Nobel Prize.
6．The scientists conducted numerous experiments in the hope that they would make a significant discovery.
7．Whether the new plan should be carried out is still under discussion.
8．I've learned from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn(learn) the Chinese language and culture.
维度三　完成句子
1．通过这次志愿者活动，学生们不仅会开拓视野，而且会获得一些宝贵的经验。[not only...but (also)...]
Through this voluntary activity, not only will students broaden their horizons but they will (also) gain some valuable experience．
2．我应该努力学习以便将来能为我的城市做些更好的事情。(so as to)
I should study hard so as to do something better for my city in the future．
3．她很勤奋，每天总是第一个来。(the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.)
She is hard-working and is always the first one to come every day．
4．为了提高英语水平，她决定参加学校的英语演讲比赛。
With the intention of improving her English, she was determined to take part in the English speech contest at school．
[重教材　群文阅读]
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Reading and Thinking】
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream. However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their 1 to explore space. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could 2 Earth's gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was 3 by the USSR and successfully 4 around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. Following this, many more goals were achieved. For example, America's NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space, and it still 5 data today.
Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, 6 can still happen. All the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the 7 to explore the universe did not die. This is because people believe in the importance of 8 space exploration despite the huge risks.
1．A．attitude B．plan
C．opinion D．dream
2．A．dismiss B．attract
C．escape D．trap
3．A．studied B．launched
C．designed D．bought
4．A．orbited B．ran
C．stretched D．extended
5．A．analyses B．investigates
C．collects D．transmits
6．A．questions B．fantasies
C．accidents D．expectaions
7．A．generosity B．desire
C．hobby D．pressure
8．A．carrying on B．taking in
C．pulling over D．getting up
答案：1～5.DCBAD　6～8.CBA
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自外研必修三U3】
Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.
At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin's lightning experiment. More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.
However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.
Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story.
1．What can we infer from the passage
A．Scientific research should be based on truth.
B．Franklin's experiment with lightning is very famous.
C．Franklin's experiment with lightning is a complete fiction.　
D．We shouldn't question some famous scientists' experiments.
2．Which is the last step of Franklin's experiment with lightning
A．He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it and a metal key was attached to the string.
B．He touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock.
C．A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key.
D．This proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
3．Which of the following statements is NOT the effect of Franklin's experiment
A．He has set a good example in scientific discoveries and inventions.
B．In order to seek truth, scientists should make dangerous experiments.
C．It has taught us that scientific experiments play an important part in establishing the truth.
D．Many schoolchildren have been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for truth.
4．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A．People tend to believe in truth instead of the interesting fiction.
B．Scientists don't think Franklin really touched the key during the experiment.
C．Franklin's experiment was never questioned.
D．People have been more inspired by the facts themselves than Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration.
答案：1～4.ADBB
[过能力　综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·温州环大罗山联盟高一期中)
Wilderness Explorers Center Guide
Welcome to the Wilderness Explorers Center, your gateway to the adventure of nature's wonders! With engaging exhibits, wildlife sightseeing, and natural activities, there's something for everyone to enjoy.
Discover Nature's Treasures
Don't miss the chance to explore our Nature Gift Shop, located near the entrance of the Wilderness Explorers Center. Here, you'll discover a delightful array of eco-friendly gifts, educational books, and unique handicrafts inspired by the natural world.
Enjoy at Forest Café
After a day of exploration, fuel your energy at the Forest Café. Indulge in a selection of delicious snacks, sandwiches, and beverages (饮料) sourced from local ingredients. Whether you're craving a refreshing drink or a hearty meal, the Forest Café is the perfect spot to relax and unwind (放松).
Ensure the Accessibility
Ensuring that every visitor can fully enjoy their experience is our top priority. That's why we offer wheelchair and stroller rentals at the entrance, making it easy for everyone to explore our center comfortably. Our staff are also available to ensure that all guests feel welcome.
Support the Conservation
Join us in our mission to protect and preserve the natural world for future generations. Your support plays a crucial role in our conservation efforts. Click our website here to learn more about how you can get involved, from donating to becoming a member of our conservation community. Together, we can make a difference in safeguarding the beauty of our planet.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了荒野探险家中心的相关服务。
1．Where can you buy a gift at Wilderness Explorers Center
A．Near the tranquil (宁静的) pond.
B．At the Forest Café.
C．Near the main entrance.
D．Next to the educational exhibits.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Don't miss the chance to explore our Nature Gift Shop, located near the entrance of the Wilderness Explorers Center”可知，可以在荒野探险家中心入口附近购买礼物。
2．What services are available for visitors with special needs
A．Rental of wheelchairs and strollers.
B．Guided tours of the forest trails.
C．Access to wildlife viewing areas.
D．Participation in conservation workshops.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“That's why we offer wheelchair and stroller rentals...comfortably.”可知，荒野探险家中心为有特殊需求的游客提供轮椅和婴儿车租赁服务。
3．Where might the passage be taken from
A．A brochure.　　　　 B．A magazine.
C．A website. D．A textbook.
C　解析：文章出处题。根据最后一段中的“Click our website here to learn more about how you can get involved”可推知，文章可能来自一个网站。
B
(2024·泰山国际学校高一期中)In the waves of human exploration into space, our brave Chinese people have never stopped the pace of advancing. In just half a century, China has made remarkable space exploration success. After landing probes (探测器) on the lunar and Martian surfaces, China has begun to set its exploratory sights on the core of our solar system—the sun.
Named Xihe after the sun goddess in ancient Chinese mythology, the 500-kilogram Chinese H-Alpha Solar Explorer satellite was launched on Oct. 14 from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in Shanxi Province.
The spacecraft is China's first space-based solar telescope and is designed to work for at least three years, Wang Wei, project manager of the satellite, told China Daily.
The H-Alpha band is one of the best spectral (光谱的) lines to study solar activity, according to the Global Times. “The instrument is able to observe and record changes in the sun's physical elements like its temperature and speed, facilitating scientists' studies about the dynamics and physics during a solar eruption，” Wang told China Daily.
Several Chinese satellites, such as the Fengyun 3E meteorological satellite, have carried equipment that can collect solar data, but Xihe is the first one intended for solar observation.
“Since solar activity has many effects on life on Earth, it is important for mankind to study the sun，” Zhao Jian, a senior official at the China National Space Administration, told China Daily.
Since the 1960s, NASA has sent dozens of solar orbiters to circle the sun, and in 2004, the Genesis spacecraft returned a sample of solar wind. The most recently launched solar mission was Parker Solar Probe in 2018. Europe and Japan also have solar missions, according to the South China Morning Post.
“Our country is ranked No.2 in the world in terms of published research papers on solar observations, but all of the satellite-generated data used by our scientists are from foreign spacecraft，” Zhao told China Daily. “Xihe will put an end to the dependence on foreign satellites, and we will share its products with researchers around the world.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了探日卫星“羲和”对我国太空探索的重要性。
4．What do we know about Xihe
A．It is expected to work for five years.
B．It is a half-ton scientific research satellite.
C．It is named after an ancient Chinese scientist.
D．It is the world's first solar observation satellite.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，这颗太阳探测器重达500公斤，也就是半吨。
5．What is the main task of Xihe according to the passage
A．To observe other satellites around the sun.
B．To adjust the temperature and speed of the sun.
C．To study how solar activity affects life on Earth.
D．To monitor changes in the sun's physical elements.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The instrument is able to observe and record...the dynamics and physics during a solar eruption”可知，这颗探测卫星的任务是观察和记录太阳物理元素的变化。
6．Why is it essential to do research on the sun
A．It helps scientists learn more about solar history.
B．Solar eruptions may bring human beings disasters.
C．Our reliance on foreign satellites will come to an end.
D．Creatures on Earth are greatly affected by solar activity.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知，因为地球上的生命深受太阳活动的影响，所以要去研究太阳。
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The advantages of the Xihe satellite.
B．The significance of the Xihe mission.
C．The history of China's space exploration.
D．The ways satellite-generated data are collected.
B　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“Xihe will put an end to the dependence...around the world.”可知，本段主要告诉读者探日卫星“羲和”对我国航天事业的重大意义。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·宁波三锋教研联盟高一期中) I'm not a good traveller. Without curiosity to get out and 1 ， travelling has never been my strong point. Sightseeing is not an experience that I find 2 ： when it's too hot, I'm uncomfortable; when it's too cold, I'm uncomfortable. Not knowing what the food will be like at new places has always made me 3 ．
It would be kind to say that I have a low sense of 4 . So I was 5 about doing a travel show that centered on pushing my 6 . But it just goes to show that we're never too old to 7 ourselves.
South Africa was the biggest surprise. I had never really 8 to go on safari (观兽旅行) and was not excited about the prospect.
Once I was 9 there, all of a sudden, I knew why people say it's exciting. I started to develop a great 10 for the animals. We visited a rhino conservation park (犀牛保护公园), where rhinos which have been badly injured by hunters are taken good care of. I even bottle-fed these beautiful babies. The most memorable part was the people I 11 ．
I've always been a very 12 person. But the experience of meeting so many new people has been 13 ， allowing me to 14 some of the cobwebs (蜘蛛网) that have formed for many years. Seeing the world has helped me 15 my natural cynicism (愤世嫉俗) and turned me into a more outgoing and positive person.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的旅行经历给作者带来的好处。
1．A．exercise B．experiment
C．explore D．research
C　解析：根据上文的“I'm not a good traveller.”和“Without curiosity to get out”可知，作者不擅长旅行，没有好奇心走出去探索(explore)。
2．A．dangerous B．painful
C．suitable D．enjoyable
D　解析：根据下文的“when it's too hot, I'm uncomfortable; when it's too cold, I'm uncomfortable”可知，作者觉得观光不是一种令人愉快的(enjoyable)经历。
3．A．nervous B．happy
C．angry D．curious
A　解析：根据上文的“Not knowing what the food will be like at new places”可知，不知道新地方的食物会是什么样子，这种情况总是让作者紧张(nervous)。
4．A．humour B．adventure
C．direction D．responsibility
B　解析：根据上文的“Without curiosity to get out”和“Not knowing what the food will be like at new places has always made me ______．”可推知，作者的冒险(adventure)意识很低。
5．A．excited B．serious
C．disturbed D．hesitant
D　解析：根据上文内容和下文的“about doing a travel show that centered on pushing my”可知，作者不爱旅游探险，所以很犹豫(hesitant)是否要做一个以挑战自我极限(boundary)为中心的旅游节目。
6．A．plans B．dates
C．boundaries D．projects
C　解析：参见上题解析。
7．A．surprise B．introduce
C．express D．teach
A　解析：根据下文的“South Africa was the biggest surprise”可知，这个旅游节目给了作者很大的惊喜，所以这表明，我们永远不会因为年龄太大而无法给自己惊喜(surprise)。
8．A．refused B．failed
C．feared D．wanted
D　解析：根据下文的“to go on safari”可知，作者没有真正想过(want)去观兽旅行。
9．A．actually B．usually
C．mainly D．hardly
A　解析：根据下文的“there, all of a sudden, I knew why people say it's exciting”可知，作者从来没有真正想过去观兽旅行，但是作者一旦真正(actually)在那里时，就知道为什么人们说它令人兴奋了。
10．A．respect B．appetite
C．passion D．understanding
C　解析：根据下文的“We visited a rhino conservation park...bottle-fed these beautiful babies.”可知，作者开始对动物产生了极大的热情(passion)。
11．A．attracted B．encountered
C．missed D．helped
B　解析：根据下文的“But the experience of meeting so many new people...turned me into a more outgoing and positive person.”可知，作者在这个旅游节目中遇到的人对作者影响很大，所以作者最难忘的部分是自己遇到(encounter)的人。
12．A．patient B．brave
C．shy D．generous
C　解析：根据上文内容可知，作者一直是一个很害羞的(shy)人。
13．A．wonderful B．tiring
C．boring D．different
A　解析：根据下文的“turned me into a more outgoing and positive person”可知，这次旅行改变了作者的性格，所以作者认为认识这么多新朋友的经历是美妙的(wonderful)。
14．A．build up B．brush off
C．catch sight of D．bring back
B　解析：根据下文的“some of the cobwebs that have formed for many years”可知，这次旅行让作者不再那么害羞，就像拂去(brush off)多年来形成的一些蜘蛛网。
15．A．accept B．develop
C．find D．lose
D　解析：根据下文的“my natural cynicism and turned me into a more outgoing and positive person”可知，见多识广帮助作者丢弃(lose)了天生的愤世嫉俗，使作者成为一个更外向、更积极的人。Period 1　Listening, Speaking and Talking
听说主题语境(一)　Talk about how to become an astronaut
句子的重音
一、句子重音的功能
体现句子的节奏感和韵律感，突出重点，使听者更容易理解句意。
二、句子重音的规律
1．实词重读，虚词弱读
在句子中，需要重读的词通常是实词，如名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、代词等；而不需要重读的词多为虚词，如冠词、连词、介词、感叹词等。
*The streets are wide and clean.(“streets”、“wide”和“clean”需要重读，“The”、“are”和“and”不重读)
2．核心词重读
在陈述句中，重音通常落在句子的核心词上，即主语、谓语或宾语上。
*He is coming.(“coming”是谓语，也是句子的核心词，需要重读)
3．疑问词重读
在疑问句中，重音通常落在疑问词上，用来强调疑问的焦点。
*What does he like best？(“What”是疑问词，需要重读)
4．介词在句首时重读
当介词位于句首时，往往需要重读。
*On the table, there is a book and a pen.(“On”是介词，位于句首，需要重读)
5．be动词及助动词和not结合时重读
当be动词、助动词与not结合形成否定形式时，这些词通常需要重读。
*I'm sorry I can't do that.(“can't”需要重读)
6．句子末尾的be动词和助动词重读
在回答问题或进行简短陈述时，句子末尾的be动词和助动词往往需要重读。
*—Do you like drawing？—Yes, I do.(“do”需要重读)
标出以下句子中通常重读的单词。
1．It's a desk.
2．Open your mouth.
3．I have three red pencils.
4．In the room they found a little boy.
5．She can't speak French.
答案：
1. It's a desk.
2．Open your mouth.
3．I have three red pencils.
4．In the room they found a little boy.
5．She can't speak French.
听下面的对话，从题中选出最佳选项，对话读两遍。
1．What did Yang Liwei do before he became China's first astronaut
A．Studying at university.
B．Training to be an astronaut.
C．Working as a fighter pilot.
2．Which could be a reason why Yang was chosen for the space programme
A．Majoring in space knowledge.
B．Having good physical condition.
C．Being an experienced pilot.
3．What are the height and weight requirements for being an astronaut
A．Shorter than 182 cm in height and less than 70 kilograms in weight.
B．Shorter than 172 cm in height and less than 70 kilograms in weight.
C．Shorter than 172 cm in height and less than 80 kilograms in weight.
4．Which one is a must to be an astronaut
A．Using space equipment.
B．Speaking English and French.
C．Doing science experiments.
答案：1～4.CCBA
[听力原文]
(I＝Interviewer　M＝Mr.Yang)
I：Today we are very pleased to chat with Mr. Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut. Welcome to the show, Mr. Yang.
M：Thank you.
I：Mr. Yang, our audience is very curious about how you succeeded in becoming China's first astronaut. It must have been a very difficult thing to achieve. Did you always want to be an astronaut
M：Yes, I dreamt of it when I was young, but I never thought my wish would come true. It took a long time. First, I got my college degree when I was 22, and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years.① I finally became China's first astronaut when I was 38 years old.
I：Oh, so you must be a really experienced pilot. Do you think that was one of the reasons why you were chosen for the space programme
M：Sure, I had 1，350 hours of flight experience, which I think really helped me.②
I：So how difficult was it to join the space programme
M：There was a lot of competition. Altogether, 14 of us were chosen from among 1，500 pilots to train for space flights.
I：That sounds really difficult. Did you also have to be a certain size and weight
M：Yes, at the time, you had to be shorter than 172 centimetres in height and weigh less than 70 kilograms.③You also had to be in perfect health and perfect shape.
I：So you were the perfect choice! As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space. But you also had to study a lot, too, right
M：Yes, I had to learn English, science, and astronomy. I also had to practise using space equipment, and do a lot of mental and physical training.④ It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity.
听下面的独白，从题中选出最佳选项，独白读两遍。
1．What is the speaker's family like
A．A big family.
B．An instant family.
C．A real family.
2．What can actually push an astronaut across the entire space station
A．Just the touch of a head.
B．Just the touch of a toe.
C．Just the touch of a finger.
3．What is one of the speaker's favorite things
A．Drifting silently through the space station.
B．Taking photos of the Earth.
C．Staying in the lab.
答案：1～3.BCA
[听力原文]
I'm an astronaut. I flew on the space shuttle twice, and I lived on the International Space Station for almost six months. Dmitry and Paolo and I circled the Earth in our tiny spacecraft, approaching the space station carefully. It's a speed of 17，500 miles an hour between our capsule and space station. Two hours later we arrived. We opened the hatches, and hugged with each other. We're a space family, an instant family.① My favorite part about living up there was the flying. I loved it. Just the touch of a finger can actually push you across the entire space station.②
One of my favorite things was drifting silently through the space station.③ I wondered sometimes if it knew I was there. But sharing the wonder of that with the crew was also part of what was important to me. A typical day in space starts. I wake up, go down the lab and say hello to the best morning view ever. We never get tired of looking out that window.
听说主题语境(二)　Talk about life in space
情景交际训练
莉莉和玛丽两个人对神秘的太空充满了好奇，她们在谈论宇航员的生活，根据汉语提示补全对话。
Lily：Hey, Mary. We're going to meet a real astronaut. Isn't it exciting
Mary：Yeah. I can't wait to see Captain Brown! 1.I'm really curious about his life in space(我真的很好奇他在太空的生活). I have plenty of questions to ask him.
Lily：Such as
Mary：Oh, such as “What facilities do they have in space 2.to support their daily life(来维持他们的日常生活)？”
Lily：That sounds like a good question. But I'd also like to know about 3.how astronauts sleep(宇航员怎样睡觉). What do they do so as not to float around while they sleep
Mary：I wonder how they get exercise in space—it's not like 4.they can go out jogging(他们能出去慢跑).
Lily：I'd never thought of that.But then, after they exercise, I'm very keen to find out how they wash their clothes.
Mary：Never mind that. I'd really like to find out 5.how women astronauts wash their hair(女宇航员怎样洗头).
Lily：But we are forgetting the most important question of all, aren't we
Mary：And what's that
Lily：Well, I'd really like to find out what they do when they meet aliens.
Ⅰ.语料积累
1．education background 教育背景
2．the selection procedure 甄选程序
3．mental and physical training 身心训练
4．be curious about... 对……好奇
5．get a related college degree 获得相关的大学学位
6．join China's space programme 加入中国的太空计划
7．use space equipment 使用空间设备
8．the possible requirements 可能的要求
9．graduate from college 大学毕业
10．flying experience 飞行经历
11．in height 在身高方面
12．from China or abroad 来自中国或国外
13．in weight 在体重方面
14．health condition 健康状况
15．in space 在太空中
16．attend pilot training 参加飞行员培训
17．can't wait to do... 迫不及待做……
18．during one's free time 在某人的空闲时间
Ⅱ.场景应用
假定你班就太空探索的利弊展开了激烈的讨论。请你就此写一篇议论文。内容包括：
1．一部分同学认为利大于弊；
2．另一部分同学持相反的观点；
3．你的观点。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.INCLUDEPICTURE "名著选萃LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "名著选萃LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Agreed to Work Together
Excerpt from The Secret Garden
INCLUDEPICTURE "英语必修3名师讲名著RJ.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "英语必修3名师讲名著RJ.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
性格孤僻的小女孩玛丽、农家小子迪肯和体弱多病的少爷柯林成了好朋友，他们找到了秘密花园的钥匙，和花园一起经历了一次诗意般的复活。
Dickon stopped and lifted his face to look up① at the climbing and hanging sprays above him—“there'll be a fountain② of roses here this summer.”
They went from bush to bush and from tree to tree. He was very strong and clever with his knife and knew how to cut the dry and dead wood away, and could tell when an unpromising③ twig (嫩枝) had green life in it. In the course④ of half an hour Mary thought she could tell too, and when he cut through a lifeless looking branch she would cry out joyfully⑤ under her breath⑥ when she caught sight of⑦ the moist⑧ green. The spade⑨， and hoe (锄头), and fork were very useful. He showed her how to use the fork while he dug⑩ about roots with the spade and stirred the earth and let the air in.
They were working industriously round one of the biggest standard roses when he caught sight of something that made him utter an exclamation of surprise.
“Why！” he cried, pointing to the grass a few feet away. “Who did that there？”
It was one of Mary's own little clearings round the pale green points.
“I did it，” said Mary.
“Why, I thought you didn't know nothing about gardening，” he exclaimed.
“I don't，” she answered, “but they were so little, and the grass was so thick and strong, and they looked as if they had no room to breathe . So I made a place for them. I don't even know what they are.”
Dickon went and knelt down by them, smiling his wide smile.
“They will be a sight ，” he said.
“I'm growing fatter，” said Mary, “and I'm growing stronger. I used always to be tired. When I dig, I'm not tired at all. I like to smell the earth when it's turned up.”
“It's good for you，” he said, nodding his head wisely.
“Do you never catch cold？”inquired Mary, gazing at him wonderingly. She had never seen such a funny boy, or such a nice one.
“Not me，” he said, grinning.
He was working all the time he was talking and Mary was following him and helping him with her fork or the trowel (小铲子).
“There's a lot of work to do here！” he said once.
“Will you come again and help me to do it？” Mary begged. “I'm sure I can help, too. I can dig and pull up weeds, and do whatever you tell me. Oh, do come, Dickon！”
“I'll come every day if tha' wants me, rain or shine，” he answered stoutly. “It's the best fun I ever had in my life.”
“If you will come，” said Mary, “if you will help me to make it alive，” she ended helplessly.
“Sure！”said Dickon, “It's nicer like this with things running wild.”
“Don't let us make it tidy，” said Mary anxiously. “It wouldn't seem like a secret garden if it was tidy.”
Mistress Mary always felt that however many years she lived she should never forget that first morning when her garden began to grow. Of course, it did seem to begin to grow for her that morning.
When Dickon began to clear places to plant seeds, Mary frowned a little. Mary, kneeling by him holding the seeds, looked at him and stopped frowning.
“Dickon，” she said, “you are as nice as Martha said you were. I like you, and you make the fifth person. I never thought I should like five people.”
INCLUDEPICTURE "语基拾萃LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "语基拾萃LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
①look up 向上看
②fountain n．喷泉； 喷涌
③unpromising adj.没有希望的，没有前途的
④course n．过程
⑤joyfully adv.高兴地
⑥under one's breath低声地
⑦catch sight of 看到
⑧moist adj.湿润的
⑨spade n．铲子
⑩dig v．挖掘
stir v．搅动
earth [熟词生义] n．泥土
industriously adv.勤奋地
utter v．发出声音
exclamation n．感叹
clearing n．空地
此处为as if引导表语从句。
breathe v．呼吸
此处为v. ing形式作状语。
sight [熟词生义] n．奇观
turn up [熟词生义] 翻土
wisely adv.明智地
inquire v．询问
wonderingly adv.惊讶地
grin v．咧嘴笑
beg v．请求
pull up [熟词生义] 拔起
stoutly adv.坚决地
此处为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
helplessly adv.无助地
tidy adj.整齐的
anxiously adv.焦急地
此处为however引导让步状语从句。
frown v．皱眉　　Period 5　Writing
写作一　应用文写作——关于太空探索的议论文
对于太空探索，人们有着不同的看法。请你根据表格提示用英语写一篇关于太空探索的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。
赞成的理由 1.有助于改善人们的生活，尤其是在通信领域和天气预报方面；2．开阔眼界，满足人们对宇宙的好奇心
反对的理由 1.浪费时间和金钱；2．可能没有成果
你的看法 ……
1.随着科技的发展，太空探索正在成为一个热门话题。
With the development of science and technology,space exploration is becoming a popular topic.
2．有些人坚持说它浪费了大量的金钱和时间，没有得到任何回报。
Some people maintain that it wastes a large amount of time and money,getting nothing back.
3．另一些人则认为探索太空是值得的。
Others believe that exploring space is worthwhile．
4．它在通信领域和天气预报方面改善了我们的生活。
It has improved our living in the area of communication and in the aspect of weather forecast．
5．它拓宽了我们的视野，满足了我们对宇宙奥秘的好奇心。
It expands our horizons and satisfies our curiosity about the mystery of the universe.
6．就我而言，我赞同后者。
As far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter.
7．探索太空使我们了解外部环境，这有利于人们寻找新的适宜的人类居住区。
Space exploration makes us understand the outer environment, which is good for people to find new suitable human settlements．
8．我相信它会给我们带来更多的好处。
I believe that it will bring more benefits to us．
9．【读教材原句】　(教材P45)It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
【记句式】　it作形式主语
【学仿写】　用it作形式主语改写句3
Others believe that it is worthwhile to explore/exploring space.
10．【读教材原句】　(教材P44)Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away.
【记句式】　“whether...or...”意为“无论是……还是……”
【学仿写】　用“whether...or...”改写句4
It has improved our living whether in the area of communication or in the aspect of weather forecast.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
With the development of science and technology, space exploration is becoming a popular topic.
Some people maintain that it wastes a large amount of time and money, getting nothing back.However, others believe that it is worthwhile to explore/exploring space. First of all, it has improved our living whether in the area of communication or in the aspect of weather forecast. Secondly, it expands our horizons and satisfies our curiosity about the mystery of the universe.
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter. Space exploration makes us understand the outer environment, which is good for people to find new suitable human settlements. I believe that it will bring more benefits to us. So we should support it.
假定你是李华，最近你们班的同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场激烈的讨论。请你根据以下提示，用英文写一篇文章，介绍此次讨论的结果。内容包括：
1.太空探索的弊端；
2.太空探索的好处；
3.你的观点。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Recently, the students in our class had a heated discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
On one hand, some students think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life. And a lot of money spent on space exploration can be used to solve many problems such as pollution and starvation. On the other hand, other students think space exploration is necessary because people have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. Besides, space research will enable people to find new resources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the Earth.
In my opinion, we should support space exploration, which will bring more benefits to the future. Space exploration is a challenge to human beings, that's why several countries try hard to carry out it continuously.
写作二　读后续写登峰篇——父亲手工制作的宇宙飞船是最好的生日礼物
环境描写交代故事背景，衬托人物，渲染气氛，推动故事情节发展。有时环境描写可间接地表达角色的内心情感变化，即借景抒情。因此，在读后续写中环境描写必不可少。
特别注意：没有无缘无故的写景，只有依据主旨的写景。写景应为主旨服务，否则就是无效的写景。
掌握有效的环境描写公式，将为续写文章增色不少。
1．无生命名词作主语
表达时间、地点等抽象意义的名词作主语，谓语动词使用 “(使)看见”“(使)听见”等。
*The past decade witnessed the great changes in this city.
过去的十年见证了这个城市的巨大变化。
*That chilly night witnessed him walking with great difficulty in the snow.
那个寒冷的夜晚见证了他在雪中艰难地行走。
2．比喻/拟人句
读后续写中运用比喻的修辞手法可以创造视觉和情感上的联想，运用拟人的修辞手法能增加描写的生动感和表达的深度。
*The stars twinkled like a child's curious eyes blinking with anticipation.
星星闪烁着，就像孩子好奇的眼睛满怀期待地闪烁着。
*The smell of the popcorn filled the house, which, as if by magic, had turned into a bakery.
就像变魔术一样，爆米花的香味充满了整个屋子，这里变成了一家面包店。
3．完全倒装句
读后续写中最常出现的环境描写是地点、方位的描写，常用“完全倒装句”这一句式结构。
*From our neighbor's house came a beautiful music.　从我们邻居家传来了美妙的音乐。
*At one of the tables sat a family with two daughters who were about Li Mei's age.
其中一张桌子旁坐着有着两个女儿的一家人，这两个女儿的年龄和李美差不多。
4．情景交融
情景交融即借助某些特定物品或景色，委婉地表达某种感情或志向，达到写作目的。主要包括以景写情、以景衬情和以景比情三种形式。
*Bathed in wonderful sunshine, other students were busy chatting and taking photos with their teachers, while Steven was sitting quietly on his chair, drawing something.
沐浴在明媚的阳光下，其他同学正忙着和他们的老师聊天拍照，而史蒂文静静地坐在椅子上画画。
　　阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]Carlos and Maya dreamed of becoming space explorers.
[2]On their way home, Carlos and Maya saw a spaceship in the window of a toy store. They went inside the store to see how much it cost. They saw the price and it was too expensive. They tried to pool their money together but it still wasn't enough.
[3]They left the store, sad and disappointed. Carlos suddenly realized that his birthday was coming up. Maybe he could ask their parents to buy the spaceship as a gift for his birthday.
[4]When they got home, Carlos ran straight to their mother and told her what he wanted for his birthday.
[5]Their family didn't have much when it came to money. So, when their dad stopped by the store to see the toy that Carlos wanted, he found it was too expensive. They couldn't afford it.
[6]On the day of his birthday, Carlos got up early, excited to see his gift. In the living room lay a spaceship that was made out of a cardboard box. His dad had made it for him. It had wings on each side and had enough space to ride in. It was a spaceship but it wasn't what he wanted.
[7]Tears flowed (流) from Carlos' eyes and he ran back to his room. Maya had just woken up and saw their mom knocking on the door and asking Carlos to come out. But he didn't want to.
[8]Maya got to the living room but couldn't see the spaceship they had seen, only the cardboard box. She saw their dad beside it, bending down (弯着腰) on one knee with his head down. Silence filled the whole room.
[9]Maya didn't want her brother to be sad on his birthday. So she tried to think of a way to cheer her brother up. She looked at the cardboard spaceship and got an idea.
[10]Carlos didn't have breakfast and now he was hungry. He was about to get out of bed when he heard a knock on the door. It was Maya. She said that they had a surprise for him.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Carlos opened the door and just saw Maya was sitting in the cardboard spaceship.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
A moment later, they stopped at the dinner table where there was a card that said “Best Restaurant in Space”．
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【Settings背景】
When&Where [6]On the day of his birthday,Carlos got up early, excited to see his gift. In the living room lay a spaceship that was made out of a cardboard box.
【Characters角色】
Who Carlos; Maya; Dad; Mom
【Plots情节】
What [2]On their way home, Carlos and Maya saw a spaceship in the window of a toy store. [4]When they got home, Carlos ran straight to their mother and told her what he wanted for his birthday.[6]It was a spaceship but it wasn't what he wanted. [8]Maya got to the living room but couldn't see the spaceship they had seen, only the cardboard box. [9]She looked at the cardboard spaceship and got an idea．[10]She said that they had a surprise for him.
Why [1]Carlos and Maya dreamed of becoming space explorers.
【Feelings情感】
How [3]They left the store, sad and disappointed．[6]On the day of his birthday, Carlos got up early, excited to see his gift.[7]Tears flowed from Carlos' eyes and he ran back to his room.
Theme(正能量原则) Carlos wanted a spaceship for his birthday. For lack of money, his family couldn't afford one. His dad made a cardboard spaceship,but it wasn't what he wanted. Maya came up with a good idea, which made Carlos happy．
每段三个微情节(Q&A策略)：注重衔接和冲突解决原则
第一段段首句：Carlos opened the door and just saw Maya was sitting in the cardboard spaceship.
[Question 1]　What did Maya do
[Answer]　She invited Carlos to sit in front of her and drive the spaceship.
[Question 2]　What did Dad do
[Answer]　He made the sound of a spaceship launching as it lifted off and pushed the cardboard spaceship slowly.
[Question 3]　How did Carlos feel
[Answer]　He felt surprised and delighted.
第二段段首句：A moment later, they stopped at the dinner table where there was a card that said“Best Restaurant in Space”．
[Question 1]　What did Carlos and Maya do
[Answer]　They walked just like real spacemen did.
[Question 2]　What did the whole family do
[Answer]　They enjoyed the big meal and sang a birthday song for Carlos.
[Question 3]　What was Carlos' reaction
[Answer]　He felt happy to receive such a gift.
环境描写公式：无生命名词作主语＋完全倒装句
1．客厅里放着一艘用纸板箱做成的宇宙飞船。
In the living room lay a spaceship that was made out of a cardboard box. (环境描写公式：完全倒装句)
2．整个房间鸦雀无声。
Silence filled the whole room. (环境描写公式：无生命名词作主语)
1．他们的父亲在飞船后面站着，他在飞船升空时发出飞船发射的声音。
Behind the spaceship stood their dad,who was making the sound of a spaceship launching as it lifted off.(环境描写公式：完全倒装句)
2．当他们走进客厅时，墙上有星星在闪耀。
When they came into the living room, there were stars shining around the walls.(环境描写公式：完全倒装句)
3．笑声在房间里回荡。
Laughter lingered around the room.(环境描写公式：无生命名词作主语)
1．在好奇心的驱使下，卡洛斯迅速地走向宇宙飞船。
Driven by curiosity, Carlos walked towards the spaceship quickly.(过去分词形式作状语)
2．看到玛雅脸上明显的兴奋，卡洛斯进入飞船，立即坐了下来。
Seeing the obvious excitement on Maya's face, Carlos got in the spaceship and sat down immediately.(v.-ing形式作状语)
3．卡洛斯既惊讶又高兴，感觉自己仿佛置身于外太空。
Surprised and delighted, Carlos felt like he were in outer space.(形容词作状语)
4．他们的妈妈面带灿烂的笑容等着他们。
Their mom were waiting for them with a bright smile on her face．(with复合结构)
5．吃完饭后，他们回到宇宙飞船，在那里度过了一整天。
After eating the meal, they got back in their spaceship, where they spent the whole day．(where引导定语从句)
Carlos opened the door and just saw Maya was sitting in the cardboard spaceship.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
A moment later, they stopped at the dinner table where there was a card that said “Best Restaurant in Space”．
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Carlos opened the door and just saw Maya was sitting in the cardboard spaceship. Driven by curiosity, Carlos walked towards the spaceship quickly. Maya invited Carlos to sit in front of her and drive the spaceship. Seeing the obvious excitement on Maya's face, Carlos got in the spaceship and sat down immediately. Then he heard their dad's voice. Behind the spaceship stood their dad, who was making the sound of a spaceship launching as it lifted off. Meanwhile, he pushed the cardboard spaceship slowly. It seemed as if they were driving the real spaceship. When they came into the living room, there were stars shining around the walls. Surprised and delighted, Carlos felt like he were in outer space.
A moment later, they stopped at the dinner table where there was a card that said “Best Restaurant in Space”. Carlos and Maya got out of the spaceship eagerly. As they were walking towards the table, they walked just like those spacemen shown on TV. Their mom were waiting for them with a bright smile on her face. The whole family enjoyed the feast together, singing a birthday song for Carlos. Laughter lingered around the room. After eating the meal, they got back in their spaceship, where they spent the whole day. When it was time for bed, Carlos hugged his dad tightly and said with a big smile, “That was the best birthday gift. Never have I felt so happy. I love you, Dad！”INCLUDEPICTURE "外刊撷英LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "外刊撷英LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Saturn①： What Put the Rings on It
Adapted from National Geographic 202303
Without its rings, Saturn looks really boring. Its plain face lacks the energy of Jupiter②'s watercolored bands③， the spicy blue of Neptune④， the suffocating (令人窒息的) murk (昏暗) of Venus⑤. Even rusty⑥ Mars looks more interesting.
Thankfully, at some point in the past 4.5 billion years, the cosmos⑦ gave Earth's neighborhood an upgrade： It put a big, bright, icy ring system around Saturn. But scientists don't agree on when Saturn's rings formed or how the ring even came into being. It turns out that the genesis⑧ of one of the solar system's iconic features is still an unsolved mystery.
“The planet was formed at a certain point during the formation of the solar system, and we don't know if the rings formed at the same time or if they were formed much later，” says Cornell University astrophysicist⑨ Maryame El Moutamid. “And the reason why it's so interesting is not only to know that but to understand the Saturn system—we have a planet, a ring system, and a moon system, and we think there is a connection between the rings and the moons.”
That enigma⑩ is uniquely fascinating. For the most part, scientists have a good grip on the origin of our solar system's most spectacular sights: a chasm (裂缝) carved into Mars that would dwarf the Grand Canyon, Jupiter's churning (汹涌澎湃的) Great Red Spot ， the moon's enormous southern basin. But not Saturn's rings.
“Saturn's rings are unique，” says Jeff Cuzzi of NASA's Ames Research Center. “They're the only big, massive rings, and they're very, very bright, which is unusual. So this has been a puzzle.”
Scientists who think about this question tend to cluster into two camps. The first group suggests that Saturn's rings are primordial (原生的)—that they formed along with the planet more than four billion years ago—and that Saturn has never been a boring, blah (乏味的) world.
The other group suspects the rings are much younger, formed within the past several hundred million years. Under that theory, the rings are so young that if the dinosaurs had had a space program, they'd have seen a ringless Saturn through their telescopes.
“Both scenarios have great arguments, but they also have weaknesses，” El Moutamid says. “Honestly, and without trying to be too neutral ， I think the old age makes more sense to me than the young age，” El Moutamid says. “That's my belief up to now, but I am happy to be convinced otherwise.”
INCLUDEPICTURE "WordBankLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "WordBankLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
①Saturn n.　　　 土星
②Jupiter n. 木星
③band n. 带
④Neptune n. 海王星
⑤Venus n. 金星
⑥rusty adj. 铁锈色的
⑦cosmos n. 宇宙
⑧genesis n. 发生；起源
⑨astrophysicist n. 天体物理学家
⑩enigma n. 谜
dwarf v. 使相形见绌
Great Red Spot (木星)大红斑(风暴气旋旋涡)
enormous adj. 巨大的
suspect v. 猜想，认为
scenario n. 设想
neutral adj. 中立的
make sense 合乎情理
convince v. 说服；使信服
INCLUDEPICTURE "knowledgecheck4LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "knowledgecheck4LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
答案：1.At　2.an　3.why　4.connection　5.fascinating　6.sights　7.to cluster　8.while　9.had had　10.more
INCLUDEPICTURE "WordMatchLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "WordMatchLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．upgrade n.　　A．to come together in a small group or groups
2．iconic adj. B．very impressive
3．grip n. C．extremely large or serious
4．spectacular adj. D．acting as a sign or symbol of sth.
5．massive adj. E．an upward slope or grade
6．cluster v. F．an understanding of sth.
答案：1～5.EDFBC　6.A,
INCLUDEPICTURE "CriticalThinkingLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "CriticalThinkingLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Is space worth exploring and why
One possible version：
I think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What's more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Most importantly, space exploration will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.

展开更多......

收起↑