资源简介

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AlUla: Mastering the Desert's Water
Adapted from National Geographic 202307
Humans can survive longer without food than without water, significantly longer. It's one of the realities that makes the dry deserts of Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯) such a challenging place to live. Then there's the searing① heat in a landscape that offers little shade, and the often sands in which plants struggle to grow. It seems an unlikely place for farms, cities, and civilizations to emerge②.
But that's what happened in the AlUla valley between the foothills of Saudi Arabia's Hijaz Mountains. Because even in the desert, there are places where water can be found to nurture③ life and allow plants, animals, and humans to . The AlUla valley cradles④ an oasis⑤， an island of habitable⑥ land amid Saudi Arabia's vast seas of sand, a haven⑦ that can support communities.
The story of AlUla begins millions of years ago when a wetter climate carved a huge water catchment (汇水) of great valleys that fed the wadi (干谷) that runs through the region. Much of the water flows through underground systems, becoming trapped and stored as an aquifer⑧. Topped up by distant rains, the aquifer raised the water table⑨ close to the surface to create a wetland in which plants could grow, and to this rare source of food and drink animals and, ultimately, humans. AlUla's earliest inhabitants lived a nomadic⑩ hunter-gatherer lifestyle, perhaps shading beneath trees, and hunting gazelle while drinking from natural springs and pooled water at the surface. But AlUla was blessed with more than water: it also had fertile soils. This enabled later successive peoples to settle and develop irrigated agriculture, growing crops ranging from palm dates (椰枣) and citrus (柑橘) fruits to wheat and barley (大麦), creating the oasis.
In order to an oasis, humans must find, manage, and use the available water wisely. While water bubbling up from natural springs and seasonal rains might temporarily fill wadis, to make the most of it, people needed to take control of the water. One of the earliest ways was to dig wells. The wells stored vast volumes of water for long periods, supporting AlUla's people and agriculture.
Another water-management system emerged: qanats (坎儿井). These gently sloping underground channels tapped into the water table at a high point, such as at the base of a mountain, and used gravity with a carefully calculated slope to carry the water so that the channel surfaced close to an agricultural plain. AlUla's extensive network of qanats made it possible to farm large strips of land. Such major engineering projects, involving immense collective effort, suggest that improving water supplies was a priority.
It's universally recognized today that modern AlUla is still verdant (青翠的) and bountiful ， producing 90，000 tons of dates each year. But none of it would be possible without water. In the desolation of the desert, it's millennia of skillful water management that has made AlUla a place of plenty, capable of supporting communities.
1 searing adj.　 　灼热的
2 emerge v. 出现
3 nurture v. 养育；滋长
④cradle v. 是……的发源地
⑤oasis n. 绿洲
⑥habitable adj. 适合居住的
⑦haven n. 避难所； 安全的地方
⑧aquifer n. 含水层
⑨water table 　　　　 地下水位
⑩nomadic adj. 游牧的
gazelle n. 羚羊
spring n. 泉，泉水
be blessed with 有幸享有
successive adj. 连续的， 接连的
temporarily adv. 暂时地
volume n. 总量；体积
tap into 利用；开发
extensive adj. 广泛的
large strips of 大块的
immense adj. 巨大的
collective adj. 共同的
bountiful adj. 丰富的； 充裕的
desolation n. 废墟；荒芜
millennium n. 一千年
　 eq \a\vs4\al()
答案：1.than　2.challenging　3.to emerge　4.communities　5.when　6.becoming　7.a　8.was blessed 9．it　10.universally
1．harsh adj.　　　　A．of a machine or system that is clever and complicated
2．infertile adj. B．to gather together somewhere in large numbers
3．thrive v. C．of land that is not able to produce
good crops
4．flock v. D．to provide enough of what sb./sth. needs in order to live or exist
5．sustain v. E．of weather or living conditions that is/are very difficult and unpleasant to live in
6．sophisticated adj. F．to become successful, strong or healthy
答案：1～5.ECFBD　6.A
Have you ever experienced any minority culture Please describe one.
One possible version：
I am keen on the costumes of the ethnic minorities, so I visited an exhibition of ethnic costumes, where various ethnic costumes would be on display, each of them featuring the characteristics of a nationality. While admiring the costumes, I had a better understanding of the customs, culture as well as the history of different nationalities living in our country.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．In the past decades we have witnessed China's many scientific(science) achievements, which have significantly(significant) promoted the country's technological advancement and economic growth.
2．With a label attached(attach) to each piece of luggage, it is easy for passengers to recognize their own luggage.
3．Professor Zhang devoted himself entirely(entire) to the research into the history and evolution of ancient civilizations.
4．To ensure the accuracy of the experiment data，you should conduct it accurately and keep records of each procedure.(accurate)
5．The sports meet, which was originally(original) due last Friday, was finally delayed because of the bad weather.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．(译林必修三U4)In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.
2．The experts are beating their brains out trying to come up with a good solution to a complex environmental problem that threatens the survival of many species.
3．According to a survey, the number of people dying from illnesses connected with smoking has dropped.
4．Believe that if taking into account the quality of the goods, you will be able to understand our prices are very favorable.
5．Our country attaches great importance to education now, which enables so many people to be well educated.
维度三　完成句子
1．在他看来，理论和实践都不重要。重要的是我们(应该)把理论和实践结合起来。(neither...nor...)
In his view, it is neither__theory__nor__practice that counts.It is important that we (should) combine theory with practice.
2．并非每个市民都能真正意识到保护环境的重要性。(部分否定)
Not__every__citizen__is__really__aware__of/Every__citizen__is__not__really__aware__of__the__importance of protecting the environment.
3．越来越多的证据表明，熬夜对人们的健康有严重的影响。(that引导同位语从句)
There is growing evidence that__staying__up__late__has__a__serious__impact_
_on__people's__health．
4．虽然旅行可以拓宽我们的视野，但我认为在旅行上花费太多时间和金钱并不是一个好主意。(while引导让步状语从句)
While__travelling__can__broaden__our__horizons,__I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
5．不止一位老师告诉我学好英语很重要。(more than one＋可数名词单数)
More__than__one__teacher__has__told__me that it is important to learn English well.
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Developing ideas】
FRANKLIN'S EXPERIMENT：
How Much Is True
Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be __1__ instead of fact.
The well-known __2__ is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in __3__. People wanted to know if __4__ was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He __5__ the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was __6__ through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric __7__. This, he said, proved that lightning was __8__ electricity.
1．A.nonsense B．truth
C．fiction D．joke
2．A.theory B．approach
C．saying D．story
3．A.science B．experiment
C．electricity D．kite
4．A.storm B．lightning
C．thunder D．cloud
5．A.raised B．took
C．held D．brought
6．A.conducted B．made
C．disappeared D．taken
7．A.current B．shock
C．energy D．experience
8．A.a series of B．a variety of
C．a piece of D．a form of
答案：1～5.CDCBA　6～8.ABD
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必一U2】
SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER
Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer These kinds of things happen to us all the time, waste resources, and can sometimes lead to problems. However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
Intelligent Controls
Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself. You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself. Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
Regular Health Checks
In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. Your bed, for example, will record how well you sleep every night. It will also be checking your body weight. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone. It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better.Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
1．What can we infer from the passage
A．Smart homes will cause more problems.
B．Smart homes will cost a lot of money.
C.People won't need to do anything in smart homes.
D.People will live a more comfortable life in smart homes.
2．What does the underlined word “integrated” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Simple.　 B．Combined.
C．Separate. D．Basic.
3．How will the smart home help with people's health
A．By giving them medicine.
B．By curing their diseases.
C．By sending them to the hospital.
D．By monitoring their sleep and weight.
4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of the smart home
A．Locking the door automatically.
B．Preparing dinner automatically.
C．Monitoring the environment outside.
D．Responding to voice commands.
答案：1～4.DBDC
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·长沙高一期中)Sometimes a person who thinks in an unusual way can look at the world from a different point of view.Such was Richard Phillips Feynman, a role model change maker.Born in 1918, he began showing some unusual qualities.
The first sign of Feynman's unique qualities was that he hadn't yet spoken by age three.But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.He enjoyed repairing household objects, and built a simple laboratory in his room.By the time he was in high school, he was experimenting things which were only taught to college students.
After Richard Feynman graduated from high school in 1935, he studied at the MIT.Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the best that we've seen”， according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing. Finally, he was accepted and continued to study physics at Princeton where he got his PhD.His lectures attracted many great scientists of the time, including Albert Einstein.
At Princeton, Feynman began his most famous work: his work on nuclear weapons. He moved to a lab and not all of his work there has been released to the public, but we know he performed experiments related to uranium(铀). After the World War Ⅱ， Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his studies.He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.
Then, in 1987, Feynman developed cancer and died a year later.Though Feynman and his work are honored by physicists across the world, his personal qualities and skills are what really makes him unique.Faced with all the challenges, he never gave up, doing work that he loved until the day he died.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家理查德·菲利普斯·费曼的个人经历和取得的成就。
1．Why was Feynman admitted by Princeton
A．Because he showed some unusual qualities like others.
B．Because he graduated from the MIT.
C．Because he was very gifted in math and science.
D．Because his lecture attracted many great scientists.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were ‘the best that we've seen’”可知， 费曼被普林斯顿大学录取是因为他在科学和数学方面很有天赋。
2．Which words can best describe Richard Feynman
A．Selfless and friendly.
B．Talented and stubborn.
C．Intelligent and devoted.
D．Strong-willed and humorous.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.”以及第三段中的“his grades in science and math were ‘the best that we've seen’”可知， 他很聪明；通读全文可知，费曼从普林斯顿大学读博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知，理查德·费曼聪明且专注。
3．What do we know about Richard Phillips Feynman from the passage
A．Young Feynman showed his talent in every field.
B．Feynman won the Nobel Prize after the World War Ⅱ ended.
C．Young Feynman enjoyed managing household a lot.
D．Feynman was diagnosed with cancer and died at the age of 60.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After the war...awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.”可知， 费曼是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。
4．What may be the best title of the passage
A．Richard Feynman's Unusual Qualities
B．Richard Feynman—A Respected Scientist
C．A Touching Story About Richard Feynman
D．The Influence of Richard Feynman
B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知， 作者描述了物理学家费曼的成长过程以及伟大成就，他被世人所敬重。B项最适合作文章标题。
B
As scientists in the Netherlands tried to figure out how to build a super flying robot, they learned from one of nature's flyers：the humble fruit fly (果蝇). And by building this robot, they've gained new insights into how the fly carries out one of its dangerous tasks.
The robot is called the DelFly Nimble. Its wingspan (翼展) is about a foot wide.It has four wings that can beat at 17 times per second, which appear very delicate because they're made of the same material as space blankets.
“In the previous designs, they always had a tail, like a traditional airplane tail，” said the robot's main designer Matej Karasek. He's based at the Micro Air Vehicle Laboratory at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, and he and his colleagues published their findings on Thursday in Science.
“In the previous generations，” he said，“flapping wings drove the robot forward while the tail helped to guide and stabilize it .” “But now the DelFly Nimble is completely controlled by the wings. The challenge then was actually combining the control with the wing movement, and that's what we achieved，” Karasek said.
In the latest generation, the wings can each move individually or rotate (旋转) around the body of the robot in order to maximize the machine's agility (灵活). “The robot can remain in one place in the air for about five minutes on a full battery or fly for more than a kilometer，” Karasek said.“And because the scientists are controlling all the movements, they can use the robot to learn more about how fruit flies actually carry out their dangerous tasks, which has caught the attention of biologists.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰科学家们从果蝇身上学到了如何制造超级飞行机器人。
5．Where did scientists get the creative idea of the flying robot
A．From a fruit fly.
B．From the birds' wings.
C．From some fruits.
D．From an airplane.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As scientists in the Netherlands tried to figure out...the humble fruit fly.”可知，科学家们是从果蝇那里获得了飞行机器人的创意。
6．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 probably refer to
A．A full battery.
B．A flapping wing.
C．The DelFly Nimble.
D．The humble fruit fly.
C　解析：代词指代题。根据第四段中的“‘In the previous generations，’ he said, ‘flapping wings...helped to guide and stabilize it.’”可推知，it指代科学家们发明的飞行机器人，即the DelFly Nimble。
7．What interests biologists most about fruit flies
A．That they are very tiny insects.
B．That they conduct challenging tasks.
C．That they can be easily found in the world.
D．That they have light wings and fly quickly.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘And because the scientists...carry out their dangerous tasks, which has caught the attention of biologists.’”可知，生物学家们对果蝇感兴趣的是它们是如何执行具有挑战性的任务的。
8．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A research paper.
B．A travel brochure.
C．A health magazine.
D．A chemistry textbook.
A　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了荷兰科学家们从果蝇身上学到了如何制造超级飞行机器人。因此，本文最有可能选自一篇研究论文。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Science made me anxious when I was young.Maybe that's because in tenth grade, I misunderstood my science teacher's directions, causing me to set fire to the classroom.
So, when schools closed last year, my husband and I decided to homeschool our daughter Ula.We made a deal: he would teach __1__， while I would handle everything else.But things didn't __2__ as planned, since my husband was busy.
One day, I __3__ that the sky was a beautiful blue, and the air was filled with the sweet smell of flowers.That's why I had the __4__ that the lessons would be taught outside.Ula and I __5__ to the forest, settling ourselves by a pond.She began __6__ pond weeds (杂草) and catching frogs for a while.
Then, I __7__ her a drawing board and the colored pencils.“We wait, ” I told her, “and see if something comes along.Meanwhile, just __8__ what's around you.” A bird flew across the water, and then __9__ on a fallen tree.I __10__ told Ula, worried that she'd not seen the __11__. But she had, and she began drawing it.
An hour later, to my __12__， she drew the bird accurately (准确地)! When I appreciated the painting, it __13__ me that the basis of science isn't just about the knowledge from a __14__， but also about stepping outside our busy lives and __15__ the world around us.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己带孩子去大自然的故事告诉我们：科学的基础不仅仅是课本上的知识， 还包括走出我们繁忙的生活， 探索我们周围的世界。
1．A.art　　　 B．history
C．science D．math
C　解析：根据上文“Science made me anxious when I was young.”可知， 作者不擅长科学， 所以让丈夫教授孩子科学(science)。
2．A.go B．expect
C．change D．help
A　解析：根据下文“since my husband was busy”可知，作者的丈夫很忙，所以事情并没有按计划进行(go)。
3．A.reported B．guessed
C．predicted D．noticed
D　解析：根据下文“the sky was a beautiful blue, and the air was filled with the sweet smell of flowers”可知， 蓝天和花香是作者注意到(notice)的自然现象。
4．A.dream B．idea
C．habit D．chance
B　解析：根据下文“the lessons would be taught outside”可知， 作者决定把女儿带到森林去上课，所以是作者有了一个想法(idea)。
5．A.headed B．returned
C．lead D．turned
A　解析：根据下文“to the forest, settling ourselves by a pond”可知，作者和乌拉来到森林， 在池塘边停留，head to意为“前往”，为固定搭配。
6．A.putting up B．cutting up
C．holding up D．pulling up
D　解析：根据下文pond weeds并结合常识可知，此处指拔草。pulling up意为“拔出”，为固定搭配。
7．A.lent B．handed
C．awarded D．gifted
B　解析：根据下文“her a drawing board and the colored pencils”可知， 为了画画，作者递给(hand)了女儿画板和彩色铅笔。
8．A.find B．count
C．draw D．remember
C　解析：根据下文“But she had, and she began drawing it.”可知， 女儿开始画了，此处指作者让女儿把看见的东西画(draw)下来。
9．A.ate B．rested
C．slept D．climbed
B　解析：根据上文“A bird flew across the water”可知， 小鸟飞过水面后，停留(rest)在树上。
10．A.hardly B．honestly
C．quickly D．secretly
C　解析：根据上文“A bird flew across the water”及下文“worried that she'd not seen”可知， 作者担心女儿没有看见小鸟(bird)，赶快(quickly)告诉她。
11．A.tree B．painting
C．rock D．bird
D　解析：参见上题解析。
12．A.fear B．regret
C．sadness D．surprise
D　解析：根据下文“she drew the bird accurately”可知， 作者对女儿准确地画出鸟是非常惊讶(surprise)的。
13．A.reminded B．hit
C．confused D．warned
B　解析：根据上下文并结合语境可知， 作者原计划让丈夫在家教女儿科学， 但是后来带女儿到户外以后， 作者看到女儿准确地画出了她所观察到的事物，突然意识到科学的基础不仅仅是课本(textbook)上的知识。“It hits sb. that...”意为“某人突然想到……”，为固定句型。
14．A.textbook B．magazine
C．newspaper D．novel
A　解析：参见上题解析。
15．A.escaping B．imaging
C．exploring D．believing
C　解析：根据上文“stepping outside our busy lives ”可知， 科学的基础还应该是走出忙碌的生活，探索(explore)大自然。INCLUDEPICTURE "英WYBX3Unit3LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\2024 PPT 备用\\10月\\11英语\\英WYBX3Unit3LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
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1．press　　 A．having the ability or qualities necessary for doing sth.
2．shoot B．made, done, seen etc. on the Internet or on a computer, rather in the real world
3．virtual C．to emit (as light, flame, or fumes) suddenly and rapidly
4．flexible D．used to refer to a substance, material, group of objects, etc. when it is obvious what you are talking about
5．battery E．can bend or be bent easily
6．capable F．to push or squeeze part of a device， etc.
7．stuff G．an object that provides a supply of electricity for sth. such as a radio, car, or toy
8．desire H．a strong wish to have or do sth.
答案：1～5.FCBEG　6～8.ADH
Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure
1．Genre: ____________
A．Interview (人物访谈). B．Exposition (说明文).
C．Narration (记叙文).
答案：A
2．Structure and Clues：
答案：(1)published　(2)inventions　(3)tech-based
(4)Solving　(5)a time machine
Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly tell us
It mainly tells us that the__present__day__is__a__new__age__for__inventions．
Activity 3　Reading for Details
1．Read Part 1 and answer the following question.
What do we know about Dr Richard
A．He is an interviewer.
B．He is the author of Between the Pages.
C．He is writing a book called The New Age of Invention.
D．His new book The New Age of Invention has come out.
答案：D
2．Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)What does Richard think of the four great inventions in Ancient China
They__were__great__inventions__that__changed__the__world__forever.
(2)What does Richard think of the future development of invention
A．He thinks it is difficult to invent new things.
B．He thinks it is hard to predict.
C．He thinks it will be developed slowly.
D．He thinks it is promising.
答案：D
(3)What does Dr Richard agree
A．The great age of invention is over.
B．We are in new age of invention.
C．There will be a golden age of invention.
D．The four great inventions in Ancient China are the greatest ones throughout history.
答案：B
3．Read Part 3 and answer the following questions.
(1)What made the advances in medicine and environmental science
A．Virtual reality.　　　
B．Wearable tech.
C．Increasing computer ability.
D．Flexible battery.
答案：C
(2)What does the word “eco-friendly” in paragraph 8 probably mean
A．User-friendly.　　　　
B．Family-friendly.
C．Environment-friendly.
D．Bicycle-friendly.
答案：C
(3)Which of the following items is more eco-friendly in our daily life
A．3D printers.
B．Solar water heaters.
C．GPS mobile phones.
D．Intelligent walking houses.
答案：B
4．Read Part 4 and answer the following question.
What's the real spirit of invention according to Richard
The__desire__to__think__and__create.
5．Read Part 5 and answer the following question.
What can we know from Richard's words “Never say never”？
A．Nobody can create the time machine.
B．The time machine is not popular with people.
C．Human never creates the time machine.
D．Human needs time to create the time machine.
答案：D
Dr Richard Fairhurst，1.whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published, is being interviewed.The following is what he tells us.
There have been 2.golden(gold) ages of invention throughout history.In Ancient China, there 3.were(be) the four great inventions：gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass.They changed the world forever.And now we are in the great new age of technology, when most of the new great 4.inventions(invent) are tech-based.For example, advances in virtual 5.reality(real), wearable tech and the flexible battery, mean we should soon be seeing further developments.6.In addition, important advances 7.have__been__made(make) in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.What's more, it's possible to create an intelligent walking house.
Most inventions start with 8.recognising(recognise) a problem that needs 9.a solution.But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire 10.to__think(think) and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
1．Would you like to be an inventor If so, what would you like to invent
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．What do you think inspires people to invent new things
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．gunpowder n.　　　　　 A．指南针，罗盘
2．compass n. B．计算
3．battery n. C．电池
4．compute v. D．火药
答案：1～4.DACB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．shoot a thread of light　　　 射出一缕光
2．a virtual world 一个虚拟世界
3．a lot of interesting stuff in this book
这本书中有很多有趣的东西
4．a strong desire for knowledge 强烈的求知欲
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．press v．按→pressure n．压力；挤压
2．flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→flexibly adv.灵活地，易曲地，柔软地→flexibility n．灵活性；柔韧度　
3．capable adj.有能力的→capability n．能力；才能
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The products are of high quality; in__addition(除此之外), they offer great value for money and are environmentally friendly.
2．In__terms__of(就……而言) environmental protection, we still have a long way to go in order to achieve our goal of sustainable development.
3．As long as there is a ray of hope, we will make every effort and never__say__never(别轻易说决不).
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“It suggests that...”意为“这表明……”
It__suggests__that__the__present__day__is__a__new__age__for__inventions(这表明当今是一个发明的新时代), but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.(Para.3)
[分析]　此句中还含有that引导的宾语从句。
2．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
And now, we find__ourselves__in__the__great__new__age__of__technology(发现自己生活在伟大的技术新时代).(Para.4)
3．with复合结构
It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with__computing__technology__controlling__its__“legs”(利用计算技术控制它的“腿”).(Para.8)
[分析]　此句中还含有动词不定式作目的状语。
4．强调句型
So what__is__it__that(到底是什么) inspires us to invent things？(Para.11)
[分析]　此句中还含有动词不定式作宾语补足语。
B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
Science development never stops. 1.It__suggests__that__our__pursuit__of__knowledge__is__limitless(这表明我们对知识的追求是无限的). 2.We__find__science__more__charming__with__new__breakthroughs__appearing__continuously(随着新的突破不断出现，我们发现科学更加迷人). Why has science developed so quickly in the world I think 3.it__is__the__passion__for__science__that__leads__to__success__in__science(是对科学的热情导致了科学的成功). This shows the power of the scientific spirit.
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【层级一　高频词汇诠释】
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in addition　除此之外，另外
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①(教材P35)In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
除此之外，由于计算机功能不断提升，医学与环境科学也取得了重要进展。
②(人教选必一U2)In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.
此外，你的智能家居将会每天监测你的健康状况。
(1)in addition＝as well/besides(副词短语，常置于句首，也可置于句中或句尾)
(2)in addition to＝as well as/besides/apart from除……之外(介词短语，后接名词或动词-ing形式)
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选词填空(in addition，in addition to)/完成句子
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)In__addition,__I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.
(2)(译林选必二U2)The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World, One Dream”．In__addition__to hosting the Olympics for the first time, China also ranked first in the medal table.
(3)此外，夏令营还为会员提供一个参观一些博物馆的机会，这是了解我们历史的一个好方法。
In__addition/Besides，the summer camp provides a chance for members to visit some museums, which is a good way to learn about our history.
背诵点 应用文写作之活动介绍
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in terms of　从……方面来讲；依照……；就……而言
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①(教材P35)In terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
从环境方面来讲，构建移动智能房屋已不再是空想。
②(北师大必修三U9)By middle age, our memory is significantly worse than when we were young.So take it easy.You are at a good age in terms of your memory.Make good use of it!
到了中年，我们的记忆力会明显比年轻的时候差。所以放轻松点。就你的记忆力而言，你正处于一个好的年纪。好好利用它！
in the long/short term　　　　 从长远/短期来看
be on good/bad terms with sb. 与某人交情好/
不好
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完成句子
(1)从长远来看，我们所做的对环境有益，有助于建设一个更绿色、更健康的地球。(聚焦社会热点)
What we have done is good for the environment in__the__long__term,__contributing to a greener and healthier planet.
背诵点 应用文写作之环境保护
(2)记住，拥有幽默感，你总是可以和别人相处融洽。 (倡导和谐人际关系)
Bear in mind that with humour sense, you can always be__on__good__terms__with__others．
(3)(北师大选必三U7)一些人正试图研究提高一个人的情商的可能性，特别是在“人际交往技巧”方面，例如理解和沟通。(倡导和谐人际关系)
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capable　adj.有能力的；足以胜任的
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①(教材P35)It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”．
利用计算技术控制它的“腿”，它就能够运用GPS技术前往不同的地方。
②(北师大必修一U2) There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.
也没有更好的方法来了解你自己，看看你能做什么。
(1)be capable of (doing) sth.　 有能力做某事
(2)capability n. 能力；才能
have the capability of doing/to do sth.
有能力做某事
(3)capacity n. 能力，才能；
容积；生产量
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)Capable of speaking fluent English, I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.
背诵点 应用文写作之申请信
(2)People experience differences in physical and mental capability(capable) depending on the time of day.
(3)我相信我有能力做好这项工作，我期待着在不久的将来收到你的来信。
→I trust that I__am__capable__of__doing__the__work__well and I'm looking forward to hearing from you in the near future.(capable adj.)
→I trust that I__have__the__capability__of__doing/to__do__the__work__well and I'm looking forward to hearing from you in the near future.(capability n．)
背诵点 应用文写作之申请信
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desire　n.渴望，欲望　v．渴望；期望
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①(教材P36)But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
但重要的是，我们有一种强烈的欲望去思考和创造，那就是真正的发明精神。
②(人教选必二U1)However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
然而，他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。
(1)have a desire
(2)desire (sb.) to do sth.　　　 渴望(某人)做某事
desire that...(should) do sth.
渴望……做某事
(3)desirable adj. 令人向往的，
值得拥有的
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单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)(译林必修一U2)It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too.You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents' love and support.
(2)My daughter is now a senior high school student.She desires that she (should)__be__admitted(admit) to a famous university.But now she desires to__have(have) a good time in the coming summer holiday.
(3)既然你渴望学习中文，我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。(个人发展与提升)
→Now__that__you__have__a__desire__to__learn__Chinese,__I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.(desire n．)
→Since__you__desire__to__learn__Chinese,__I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.(desire v．)
背诵点 应用文写作之建议信
【层级二　中频词汇积累】
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press v.按，压；敦促
n．挤压；按；出版社；报刊；新闻界
(1)press sb. to do sth.　　 催促某人做某事
press...against... 把……贴在……
press...into... 把……按入/塞入……
(2)pressure n. 压力；挤压
put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力
under the pressure of... 在……的压力下
[微练]——单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure(press) on the places we visit and improve our experience.
(2)Out of curiosity, the little girl pressed her nose against the shop window to peer inside and gaze at the fascinating display of toys and sweets.
背诵点 读后续写之动作描写
(3)With the final exam approaching, a majority of students are under much pressure, which is often referred to as “exam stress” or “exam anxiety”．
(4)I know studying is very important, but my parents put__too__much__pressure__on__me(给我施加了太多的压力), which makes me unable to enjoy the learning process.
背诵点 应用文写作之求助信
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shoot v.射出(光线等)，放射；喷出；射击；射中；
拍摄；射门，投篮　n．拍摄(强调场合)
shoot at...　　　　　　　 向……射击
shoot sb. in the leg/head 射中某人的腿部/头部
[微练]——写出下列句中shoot的含义
(1)(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. 拍摄
(2)(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. 喷出
(3)The Olympic archer, with unwavering focus, successfully shot the target dead center. 射中
(4)Our striker got into a good position to shoot, but unfortunately, the goalkeeper anticipated the move and blocked the shot. 射门
【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】
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virtual　adj.虚拟的，模拟的
①(译林选必二U4)What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
如果我告诉你，医生可以创造一个虚拟的“双胞胎”，以便在尝试给病人做一个精细的手术之前先练习一下会怎么样？
②(人教必修二U5)Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.You can do this in a virtual choir.　想象一下，当你独自在家的时候，有机会和几百个人一起唱歌。你可以在虚拟合唱团中这样做。
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flexible　adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的
①(北师大必修三U9)Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.
灵活处理你的意见，毕竟，你也许会最终同意说话人/作者的观点。
②(人教选必三U5)List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.
清单诗诗句的长度灵活，且有重复的短语，这就形成了这种诗的模式和节奏。
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stuff　n.东西，物品
①(2024·浙江卷1月)“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave.
《汤姆·索亚：一场河流历险》包含了所有精彩的情节，包括刷栅栏、墓地、岛屿和洞穴。
②(北师大选必一U2)In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee, even if it means getting injured, “I'd prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average.”
用英国铁人三项运动员阿利斯泰尔·布朗利的话来说，即使这意味着受伤，“我宁愿有三到四年杰出的获奖经历，也不愿有十年的平庸。”
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“It suggests that...”意为“这表明……”
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①(教材P34)It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions, but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.　这表明当今是一个发明的新时代，但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束了。
②(经典例句)It suggests that the project will be completed on time, despite the challenges, due to our ability to adapt quickly and find innovative solutions.
这表明，尽管存在挑战，但由于我们能够快速适应并找到创新解决方案的能力，该项目将按时完成。
教材原句中，that引导宾语从句，作suggests的宾语。
(1)suggest意为“暗示、表明”时，其后的that从句要用陈述语气；
(2)suggest意为“提议、建议”时，其后可以接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或that从句作宾语；其中that从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you (should)__apply(apply) for Peking University, where you can get access to the best Chinese culture.
背诵点 应用文写作之建议信
(2)(2024·浙江卷1月)Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking(take) online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track.
(3)玛丽笑了，但她的眼神透露出她内心深处藏着悲伤。
Mary smiled, but her eyes suggested that__she__was__hiding__a__deep__sadness beneath the surface.
背诵点 读后续写之神态描写
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．at__the__moment　　　　　　 目前；此刻
2．throughout__history 纵观历史
3．have__an__incredible__desire__to__think__and__create
有一种难以置信的思考和创造欲望
4．virtual__reality 虚拟现实
5．new__energy__vehicles 新能源汽车
6．the__four__great__inventions 四大发明
7．wearable__tech 可穿戴技术
8．be__capable__of__using__GPS__technology
有能力运用GPS技术
9．reduced__energy__supplies 缩减的能源供应
10．be__used__to__make__replacement__hearts
被用来制作心脏的替代品
11．no__doubt 无疑；很可能
12．inspire__us__to__invent__things 激励我们去发明东西
13．make__important__advances__in...
在……领域取得重要进展
14．over__time 随着时间的推移
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．If we have a strong desire(渴望) for success, we must make full preparations for it, ensuring that we have the necessary skills and knowledge to achieve our goals.
2．So, do you think we'd better spend a minute or two thinking about the words or emojis we use on social media before we press(按) “send”？
3．Do remember to charge the battery(电池) for 12 hours when you first use it.
4．New technology has enabled development of an online “virtual(虚拟的) library”．
5．We need a more flexible(灵活的) approach to education, which is able to meet the different needs of students.
6．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable(有能力的), moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．If you want to succeed, you should never__say__never(别轻易说决不) and always keep an open mind to new opportunities and challenges.
2．China is present around the globe in__terms__of(就……而言) investment and trade, and world public opinion about China is changing.
3．As we all know, hard work is essential for our career and it can lead__to(导致) success.
4．Thanks__to(多亏了) his gift for learning foreign languages, he has the ability to communicate with people from diverse cultures.
5．Doing exercise will build up our body.In__addition(除此之外), it can also make us students feel confident, which will contribute to our study.Period 2　Using language
现在完成时的被动语态
INCLUDEPICTURE "WYBXS美文诵读3LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../WYBXS美文诵读3LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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(1)(教材P34)This evening, I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.
今晚，我将与理查德·费尔赫斯特博士对话，他的新书《发明的新时代》刚刚出版。
(2)(教材P34)I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
我猜之前已经有人跟您提过关于书名的问题了。
(3)(人教必修二U3)Jan's life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
简的生活因互联网而得到了极大的改善。
(4)(人教必修一U2)The statues fill only one part of the emperor's huge tomb, which still has not been completely unearthed.
这些雕像只是浩大的秦始皇陵的一部分，这座陵墓现在尚未完全出土。
eq \a\vs4\al( INCLUDEPICTURE "语法拾遗LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../语法拾遗LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT )
以上各句中均使用了现在完成时的被动语态。句(1)(2)(3)是该时态的肯定句式；句(4)是否定句式。　
INCLUDEPICTURE "明悉规则LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../明悉规则LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．现在完成时的被动语态的结构
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
2.现在完成时的被动语态的用法
(1)强调过去的动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果，主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……”，通常与already、 yet、 never、 recently等副词及时间状语so far、by now、up till now、for a long time、in recent years、in/during/over the last/past...years等连用。
(2)表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续下去，常与for或since等引导的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引导的句子中。
(3)用于时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
INCLUDEPICTURE "即时测试LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../即时测试LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
单句语法填空
(1)(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has__been__passed(pass) down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
(2)(2022·全国乙卷)Since April drinks companies have__been__forced(force) to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
(3)—The machine is working again!
—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it has__been__fixed(fix).
(4)Great improvements in public health have__been__brought(bring) about by advances in medical science.
(5)We won't start the work until all the preparations have__been__made(make) to ensure a smooth and efficient process.
(6)When and where to go for the on-salary holiday has__not__been__decided(not decide) yet.
INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A lot of survivors have__been__rescued(rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake broke out since yesterday.
2．For her excellent work, so far she has__been__chosen(choose) as the “model teacher” several times.
3．Paper money has__existed(exist) in the world for over one thousand years, serving as a convenient and widely accepted medium of exchange.
4．You shouldn't leave school before your homework has__been__finished(finish).
5．The dictionary is out of date: many new words have__been__added(add) to the language since it was published.
6．Their new house has__been__decorated(decorate) for two months and they will settle in it next month.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．他们还没被告知这个令人激动的消息，是吗？
They haven't__been__told__the__exciting__news yet, have they
2．由于网上提供的各种服务，到目前为止，我的生活在很多方面都被改变了。
With all sorts of services provided online, my life has__been__changed in many ways so far.
3．我们的教室已经被打扫过了，因此你现在没有必要再打扫了。
Our classroom has__been__cleaned,__so you needn't clean it again now.
4．在过去的十年间，“中国速度”已经被赋予了新的含义，反映了我们国家的快速发展和技术进步。
“China speed” has__been__given new meanings in the past decade, reflecting our country's rapid development and technological progress.
5．运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？如果是这样，我们需要调整我们的时间表。
Has__the__sports__meeting__been__put__off until next Friday If so, we need to adjust our schedules.INCLUDEPICTURE "名著选萃LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../名著选萃LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
“Wick” or Not
Excerpt from The Secret Garden
性格孤僻的小女孩玛丽、农家小子迪肯和体弱多病的少爷柯林成了好朋友，他们找到了秘密花园的钥匙，和花园一起经历了一次诗意般的复活。
For two or three minutes Dickon stood looking① round him, while② Mary watched him, and then he began to walk about③ softly④， even more lightly than Mary had walked the first time she had found herself inside the four walls. His eyes seemed to be taking in⑤ everything—the gray trees with the gray creepers (爬山虎) climbing⑥ over them and hanging from their branches, the tangle⑦ on the walls and among the grass, the evergreen alcoves (壁龛) with the stone seats and tall flower urns (缸) standing in them.
“I never thought I'd see this place，” he said at last, in a whisper⑧.
“Did you know about it？” asked Mary.
She had spoken aloud and he made a sign⑨ to her.
“We must talk low，” he said, “or someone'll hear us an' wonder⑩ what's to do in here.”
“Oh! I forgot！” said Mary, feeling frightened and putting her hand quickly against her mouth.
“Did you know about the garden？” she asked again when she had recovered herself.
Dickon nodded .
“Martha told me there was one as no one ever went inside，” he answered. “We used to wonder what it was like.”
He stopped and looked round at the lovely gray tangle about him, and his round eyes looked queerly happy.
“Eh! the nests as'll be here come springtime，” he said. “It'd be th' safest nestin' place in England. No one never comin' near an' tangles o' trees an' roses to build in. I wonder all th' birds on th' moor don't build here.”
Mistress Mary put her hand on his arm again without knowing it．
“Will there be roses？” she whispered. “Can you tell I thought perhaps they were all dead.”
“Eh! No! Not them—not all of 'em！” he answered. “Look here！”　　He stepped over to the nearest tree—an old, old one with gray lichen all over its bark ， but upholding a curtain of tangled sprays (小树枝) and branches. He took a thick knife out of his pocket and opened one of its blades.
“There's lots o' dead wood as ought to be cut out，” he said. “An' there's a lot o' old wood, but it made some new last year. This here's a new bit，” and he touched a shoot which looked brownish green instead of hard, dry gray.
Mary touched it herself in an eager ， reverent way.
“That one？” she said. “Is that one quite alive？”
Dickon curved his wide smiling mouth.
“It's as wick as you or me，” he said; and Mary remembered that Martha had told her that “wick” meant “alive” or “lively”．
“I'm glad it's wick！” she cried out in her whisper. “I want them all to be wick. Let us go round the garden and count how many wick ones there are.”
She quite panted with eagerness, and Dickon was as eager as she was. They went from tree to tree and from bush to bush. Dickon carried his knife in his hand and showed her things she thought wonderful .
“They've run wild ，” he said, “but th' strongest one has fair thrived on it.”
“See here！” and he pulled down a thick gray, dry-looking branch. “Anybody might think this was dead wood, but I don't believe it is.”
He knelt and with his knife cut the lifeless-looking branch through.
“There！” he said exultantly . “There's green in that wood yet. Look at it.”
Mary was down on her knees before he spoke, gazing with all her might .
INCLUDEPICTURE "语基拾萃LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../语基拾萃LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
①此处为v.-ing形式作状语。
②此处为while引导时间状语从句。
③walk about漫步
④softly adv.轻轻地；温柔地
⑤take in [熟词生义] 看清
⑥此处为v.-ing形式作定语。
⑦tangle n．缠绕
⑧in a whisper 低声细语
⑨sign [熟词生义] n．手势
⑩wonder v．想知道
frightened adj.害怕的
recover v．恢复常态
nod v．点头
此处为what引导宾语从句。
nest n．鸟巢
moor n．荒野
step over 走近(某地)
lichen n．地衣
bark [熟词生义] n．树皮
curtain [熟词生义] n．覆盖物
shoot [熟词生义] n．嫩芽
此处为which引导定语从句。
eager adj.热切的
reverent adj.恭敬的
curve [熟词生义] v．使弯曲
cry out呼喊
count v．清点，数
pant n．喘息着说
此处为省略关系词的定语从句。
run wild 肆意生长，疯长
thrive v．茁壮成长
kneel v．跪下
exultantly adv.狂喜地
gaze v．凝视
might [熟词生义] n．力气　　INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．It is our desire that every child(should)__have(have) an equal opportunity to get education of high quality.
2．Developing a habit of playing team sports can reduce pressure(press) and keep fit.
3．Technological advances mean more information can be delivered online rapidly and flexibly(flexible).
4．Some animals in the zoo have lost the capability(capable) of catching food for themselves, relying instead on the food provided by the zookeepers.
5．Nowadays, there are more and more products and service using high technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality(real) technology.
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．Experts suggest that parents should let their children do task that they are capable of by themselves, which will help children to build confidence.
2．In addition to the rough road, the bad weather added to our difficulties of climbing the mountain.
3．Thanks to the development of science and technology, millions of smart devices (装置) have been connected to homes around the world so far.
4．Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the service that people offer to us.
5．As we all know, bad eating habits and a lack of exercise may lead to health problems.
维度三　完成句子
1．昨天的交通事故到底是在哪里发生的？(强调句型)
Where__was__it__that the road accident happened yesterday
2．随着中国交通的日益发展，各种交通工具也不断完善，高铁就是一个鲜明的例子。(with复合结构)
With__China's__transportation__developing__day__by__day,__various kinds of transport also constantly improve and the high-speed train is a bright example.
3．感觉到一只温暖的手放在我的肩膀上，我回头一看，发现莉莉站在我身后。 (find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
Feeling a warm hand on my shoulder, I looked back and found__Lily__standing__behind__me．
4．研究表明，现在至少64%的人每天在屏幕前花费高达4个小时的空闲时间。
Research suggests__that__at__least__64%__of__people__now__spend__up__to__four__hours__daily__of__spare__time in front of a screen.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Understanding ideas】
Interviewer：Good evening, and welcome to Between the Pages. This evening, I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. Welcome, Richard!
Richard：Thank you. 1.________
Interviewer: I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions, but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
Richard：Well, that's an interesting point. 2.________ Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China: gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass. These things changed the world forever. Then there were the great Western inventions: the steam engine, the telephone and the radio. 3.________
Interviewer：So are most of the new great inventions tech-based
Richard：A lot, yes. For example, advances in virtual reality and wearable tech, as well as the flexible battery, mean we should soon be seeing further developments. 4.________
Interviewer: Can you give us some examples
Richard: Sure. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. 5.________ It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”. What's more, huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly, too.
A．I'm glad to hear that.
B．In terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
C.There have been golden ages of invention throughout history.
D．And now, we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
E.So we can say that there always have been technology advances in the world.
F．It's a pleasure to be here.
G．In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
答案：1～5.FCDGB
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必一U2】
SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY
This morning, I saw the shocking headline：“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”．In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence,__we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident，but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
1．What does the underlined word “Hence” in paragraph 1 mean
A．However. B．Therefore.
C．Although. D．Instead.
2．Which of the following is NOT the feature of the Amish
A．They drive cars.
B．They don't use the Internet.
C．They live in rural areas.
D．They focus on family and community.
3．What can we infer from the passage
A．All people oppose the development of driverless cars.
B．The Amish will accept new technology in the future.
C．New technology always brings only benefits.
D．The quality of life of the Amish might be better in some ways.
4．How does new technology help people according to the passage
A．By causing more natural disasters.
B．By making it harder to keep in touch.
C．By providing warnings about potential disasters.
D．By reducing the number of friends.
答案：1～4.BADC
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Kids and science seem to be made for each other!
The basic science is a combination of thought and experiment called the scientific method. It's where you start with an idea, create a way to prove or disprove your idea, and show what you learned based on facts. Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.These important thinking skills can be used in many areas of study. To give a child practice with these thinking skills is like giving vitamins to a developing mind.
One of the greatest things we can teach our children is to love learning. Learning science is a great way to do so. Children are easy to be interested in science. Because much of science is hands-on, it attracts most children. Nothing makes a child sit up and take notice like the “WOW！” of a great science showing.
Science opens doors to many subjects at school. Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study.For example, one cannot love science for very long without becoming good at its language-math! So science encourages children to study math.An interest in science is an interest in how things were once understood compared to how they are understood now.Thus studying science lends itself easily to studying history.And after you do an experiment，you need to write a lab report.Therefore，writing becomes an important part of science.
Science is the basic thing for much of our life.The science of farming shows how our food is produced；biomedical science keeps us healthy；even our beds these days are designed according to scientific facts.We almost eat，sleep and breathe with the help of science! When we prepare the next generation of voters, creators and policy makers, it is important to make sure they are not only comfortable but also good at science.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处。
1．According to paragraph 2, what does learning the scientific method mean to kids
A．Learning to do experiments.
B．Learning many areas of study.
C．Helping them develop thinking skills.
D．Refusing any ideas that are not logical.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.”可知，学习科学方法意味着帮助孩子们发展思维能力。
2．Which of the following statements would the author agree with
A．Science is too difficult for children.
B．Children usually consider science boring.
C．Science can arouse children's interest in learning.
D．Children who are careless shouldn't learn science.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One of the greatest things...it attracts most children.”可推知，作者认为科学可以激发孩子们的学习兴趣。
3．What happens to a child who works hard at science at school
A．He usually has no time for other subjects.
B．He usually loses interest in other activities.
C．He is usually bad at such subjects like history.
D．He is likely to learn many other subjects well.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，一个在学校努力学习科学的孩子会学好许多其他科目。
4．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Why Kids Should Learn Science
B．Why Science Is Important
C．How Kids Can Make Use of Science
D．What Kids Should Learn at School
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三、四段内容可知，本文主要介绍了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处，A项最适合作文章标题。
B
(2024·江门高一月考)They come suddenly，without warning，and the question in your mind “Why now？” melts into the depressing realization that this could mean the end of your life.Until now.
A new machine-learning system of artificial intelligence (AI) can successfully predict the risk of cardiac arrest (心脏骤停) using timing and weather data，according to a new study published in the journal Heart.
The study found that the out-of-hospital risk of cardiac arrest was highest on Sundays, Mondays, during sharp drops in temperature during or between days, and on public holidays.The new findings could serve as an early warning system, lowering the risk of deadly episodes and raising survival chances, in addition to improving emergency medical services' ability to prepare for serious situations.This is significant because out-of-hospital cardiac arrests are common globally, and are generally linked to low survival rates.
To deepen the research, the scientists evaluated the capacity of machine learning to anticipate daily out-of-hospital cardiac arrests via timing, as in the year, season, day of the week, hour of day, and daily weather, like snowfall, temperature, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure readings.Between 2005 and 2013，1，299，784 cases happened, and machine learning was implemented for 525，374 cases using timing data, weather, or both for a training dataset. These results were then contrasted with 135，678 cases that happened between 2014 and 2015, to examine the model's capacity for accuracy for anticipating the statistical number of daily cardiac arrests in other years.
“This predictive model may be useful for preventing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest，” said the researchers.However, it's critically important to note that this study does not promise a way to predict when people will really die from cardiac arrest. As a leading cause of death, the new machine-learning AI merely predicts when the risk of having a heart attack is high.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的人工智能机器学习系统，它可以利用时间和天气数据成功预测心脏骤停的风险。
5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The seriousness of cardiac arrests.
B．The power of artificial intelligence.
C．The great significance of the findings.
D．The symptoms of cardiac arrests.
C　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段介绍了这项新发现可以对心脏骤停做出预警，降低发病风险，提高生存机会等，故本项发现意义重大。
6．What does the underlined word “implemented” mean in paragraph 4
A．Created.　 B．Applied.
C．Suspended. D．Updated.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可推知，在2005年至2013年间，机器学习系统通过数据等信息预测了525 374 例心脏骤停的发生，所以画线词意为 “应用、实施”。
7．What's the author's attitude to the warning system
A．Critical. B．Negative.
C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，对这个人工智能机器学习系统，作者给予了客观性的评价。
8．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To state the potential risks of heart attacks.
B．To stress the importance of conducting researches.
C．To introduce a breakthrough of a disease prediction.
D.To point out the shortcomings of modern technology.
C　解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第二段内容可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一种可以用来预测心脏骤停风险的人工智能机器学习系统。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·武汉高一期末)A 13-year-old girl from Connecticut came up with a smart idea and brightened the days of hundreds of sick kids.
__1__ to see her dear sister lying on the hospital bed three months ago, Ella Casano __2__ the Medi Teddy, a stuffed animal bag that contains an IV pocket (静脉注射袋). The back of the __3__ consists of a net, allowing a doctor or nurse to see through and check on the liquid __4__ that a child is receiving.From the front, the child sees a __5__ face instead of the IV liquid pocket.
At the beginning, Ella hoped to __6__ $5，000 through a crowdfunding platform, which would have allowed her to start producing 500 Medi Teddys, the smallest number __7__ by the manufacturer (厂家) to do the job.__8__， in just over a week, Ella's page collected more than $20，000. Although her sister recovered soon, Ella was amazed by the unexpected level of __9__ and decided to work harder.
She shared with a local newspaper, “It turns out kids aren't the only ones who get __10__ by the Medi Teddy.The __11__ for it has been quite obvious among patients, both children and adults, and even pet owners nationwide.We want to continue to __12__ Medi Teddys to as many children as we can to make a __13__ in their lives.”
The same motivation has also __14__ Ella's mum.“It's really been heartwarming to receive such __15__ emails from all over the world, ” she said.“And it's inspiring me to contribute to the process.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的女孩发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，该玩具袋里面有一个输液袋， 受到了生病的孩子们的欢迎的故事。
1．A.Sad　　　 B．Nervous
C．Angry D．Surprised
A　解析：根据下文“see her dear sister lying on the hospital bed three months ago”可知， 埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上， 心里很难过(sad)。
2．A.bought B．created
C．found D．filled
B　解析：根据上文“A 13-year-old girl from Connecticut came up with a smart idea and brightened the days of hundreds of sick kids.”可知， 埃拉·卡萨诺发明(create)了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋， 里面有一个输液袋。
3．A.basket B．bed
C．window D．bag
D　解析：根据上文“a stuffed animal bag that contains an IV pocket”可知， 输液袋(bag)的背面有一个网兜。
4．A.medicine B．sugar
C．juice D．food
A　解析：根据上文“a stuffed animal bag that contains an IV pocket”及常识可知， 输液袋里面是药物(medicine)。
5．A.serious B．strange
C．friendly D．common
C　解析：根据下文“instead of the IV liquid pocket”可知， 孩子看到的是“美迪泰迪熊”友善的(friendly)脸。
6．A.earn B．raise
C．exchange D．donate
B　解析：根据下文“______， in just over a week, Ella's page collected more than $20，000.”可知， 埃拉希望通过众筹平台筹集(raise)5 000美元， 用来生产“美迪泰迪熊”，然而(however), 仅仅一周多的时间， 埃拉就筹集了两万多美元。
7．A.changed B．collected
C．required D．reduced
C　解析：根据下文“by the manufacturer to do the job”可知， 厂家要求(require)生产的最小数量是500。
8．A.Besides B．Anyway
C．Therefore D．However
D　解析：参见第6题解析。
9．A.response B．competition
C．treatment D．performance
A　解析：根据下文“and decided to work harder”可知， 埃拉对“美迪泰迪熊”出乎意料的受欢迎感到惊讶， 这是人们对“美迪泰迪熊”的反应(response)。
10．A.surrounded B．comforted
C．accepted D．connected
B　解析：根据下文“by the Medi Teddy”可知， 孩子可以从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰(comfort)。
11．A.design B．reason
C．need D．test
C　解析：根据下文“among patients, both children and adults, and even pet owners nationwide”可知， 对“美迪泰迪熊”的需求(need)很大。
12．A.leave behind B．show off
C．hand in D．give away
D　解析：根据下文“to as many children as we can to make a ______ in their lives”可知， 埃拉会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，让他们的生活有所不同。give away意为“赠送”，make a difference意为“有区别、有影响”，二者都为固定搭配。
13．A.difference B．plan
C．deal D．decision
A　解析：参见上题解析。
14．A.educated B．trained
C．advised D．impacted
D　解析：根据下文“‘It's really been heartwarming to receive such ______ emails from all over the world，’ she said. ‘And it's inspiring me to contribute to the process.’”可知， 埃拉的动机也影响(impact)了妈妈。
15．A.private B．formal
C．supportive D．humorous
C　解析：根据下文“And it's inspiring me to contribute to the process.”可知， 埃拉妈妈收到来自世界各地的支持(supportive)邮件。INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一　单句语法填空
1．Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they have__been__promised(promise) before leaving their hometowns.
2．By now 516 Confucius Institutes have__been__founded(found) in 142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.
3．She has achieved success in writing, and has completed a large number of works, which have__been__translated(translate) into forty languages so far.
4．“Shanghai Silicon Alley” was created in Changning district, and more than 500 technological companies have__been__attracted(attract) by it so far.
5．Great changes have taken place in my hometown and a lot of factories have__been__set(set) up there in the past ten years.
6．The new novel written by a famous writer has__been__finished(finish) and will come out in 2026.
7．Customers are asked to make sure that they have__been__given(give) the right change before leaving the shop.
8．More than 5，000 used bikes have__been__collected(collect) since the two brothers set up the organization.
9．The fine tradition, which has__been__observed(observe) for 2，000 years, shouldn't be ignored by any of us.
10．Professor Yang, along with his two students has__been__invited(invite) to the film festival twice so far.
维度二　语法与写作
1．到目前为止，一座新图书馆已经被建成，并很快将会被投入使用。
A new library has__been__built up to now and will be put into use very soon.
2．自2023年以来， 我们学校取得了很大的进步， 发生了很大的变化。
With a lot of progress made, great changes have__taken__place__in__our__school since 2023.
3．当你把试卷拿回来的时候，要特别注意做了标记的地方。
When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what has__been__marked．
4.直到所有的孩子都被接走， 老师才会离开。
The teacher won't leave until all the children have__been__picked__up．
5．志愿者们已经向这些小学运送了大量的教学设备。
A huge amount of teaching equipment has__been__sent__to those primary schools by the volunteers.
维度三　语篇练习
The world 1.has__been__turned(turn) upside down since the invention of the Internet and the introduction of personal computers.The twin inventions of the personal computer and the Internet 2.have__been__considered(consider) to be among the two most important events.Shopping 3.has__been__changed(change) completely by now.More and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online and have them delivered directly to their homes.In addition, social communication 4.has__been__taken(take) over by the Internet.Games，music, movies and so on 5.have__been__influenced(influence) by the Internet.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·泰州高一期中)Valerie Thomas is an African American scientist and inventor best known for her patented (专利的) illusion transmitter (幻觉发射器) and contributions to NASA research.
Thomas was born in 1943 in Maryland.She was interested in science as a child.At the age of eight, her curiosity about how things worked inspired her to borrow a book called The Boy's First Book of Radio and Electronics, which she took home hoping her father would help her take on some projects in it.However, he didn't help her.
She attended an all-girls high school that did not help her with hands on projects either.But this changed in college, when Thomas was admitted to Morgan State University as one of the only two women in her class to major in physics.Thomas excelled__in her studies.She graduated with excellent results and accepted a position as a data analyst at NASA.
In the 1970s, she managed the development of the image-processing systems for Landsat, the first satellite to send images to the Earth from space.In 1980, Thomas received a patent for an illusion transmitter.The device produces optical illusion images by means of two concave mirrors (凹面镜).Unlike flat mirrors, which produce images that appear to be inside, or behind the mirror, concave mirrors create images that appear to be real, or in front of the mirror itself.This technology was later used by NASA and has since been adapted for use in surgery as well as the production of television and video screens.
Thomas continued to work for NASA until her retirement in 1995.Over the course of her career, Thomas contributed widely to the study of space.She helped develop computer program designs that supported research on Halley's Comet, the ozone layer, and satellite technology.For her achievements, Thomas received a number of NASA awards including the Goddard Space Flight Center Award of Merit and the NASA Equal Opportunity Medal.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非裔美国科学家瓦莱丽·托马斯对美国的太空研究做出了贡献。
1．What do we know about Thomas' early life
A．She was talented in science.
B．She liked working with her father.
C．She lacked support for her interest.
D．She preferred to read boys' books.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段中的“She attended an all-girls high school that did not help her with hands on projects either.”可知， 瓦莱丽·托马斯在早期生活中缺乏别人对她的兴趣的支持。
2．What does the underlined phrase “excelled in” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Did well in.　　 　 B．Had confidence in.
C．Was curious about. D．Was concerned with.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“She graduated with excellent results and accepted a position as a data analyst at NASA.”可推知， 画线短语意为“表现良好”。
3．What is the advantage of Thomas' invention over flat mirrors
A．It takes pictures more clearly.
B．It transmits images more quickly.
C．It changes the position of the image.
D．It can send images to the Earth from space.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Unlike flat mirrors...concave mirrors create images that appear to be real, or in front of the mirror itself.”可知， 托马斯的发明相对于平面镜的优点是它改变了图像的位置。
4．What does the last paragraph focus on
A．Thomas' future plans.
B．Thomas' retirement life.
C．Thomas' research theory.
D．Thomas' lifetime achievements.
D　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the course of her career...the NASA Equal Opportunity Medal.”可知， 最后一段主要讲的是托马斯一生的成就。
B
(2024·济宁一中高一检测)Nearly 10 million people worldwide live with Parkinson's disease.While Parkinson's is incurable, some of its worst symptoms can be relieved and controlled using medications.A major problem of getting effective treatment at the right time is identifying the disease soon enough, before patients experience the symptoms brought on by irreversible neuron loss (不可逆转的神经元损失).
But scientists might have just the thing to change the situation.And it involves a nose.In a study published in the journal ACS Omega, researchers from China's Zhejiang University created an “e-nose”， a portable device that can detect body smells specific to Parkinson's patients.
It may come as a surprise to learn Parkinson's patients have their own smells.But after a retired nurse in Scotland made the headlines in 2015 for a heightened sense of smell that led to her own husband's Parkinson's diagnosis, scientists have been trying hard to create a device that could smell the disease before physical symptoms start to show.
Over the years, scientists have found people with Parkinson's tend to produce more sebum (皮脂) than the average person.This sebum mixes with other overproduced substances to produce certain, unique smells.
To track down these smells, Zhejiang University researchers swabbed(用拭子擦拭)the upper backs of 31 Parkinson's patients and 32 healthy volunteers.Using machine-learning software, they were able to identify three smell compounds that healthy volunteers lacked.The researchers then tested the e-nose on sebum taken from 12 Parkinson's patients and 12 healthy people.The device was found to be about 71 percent accurate in distinguishing healthy sebum from Parkinson's sebum.
These are encouraging findings, but before the e-nose is ready for clinical use, the team needs to test it on many more people to improve the accuracy of the models.They will also need to test whether factors like race affect the e-nose's performance in any way.But for now, as the number of people living with Parkinson's in the U．S.is expected to rise to 1.2 million by 2030, a nose might be the best option to detect this disease.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了针对患有帕金森病的患者在获得有效的救治之前往往很难发现早期的症状这一问题，研究人员研发出了一种可以检测出患者在身体症状出现之前散发的特有气味的便携式设备——“电子鼻”。
5．What makes it difficult for Parkinson's patients to get effective treatment
A.Its medications are in short supply.
B．It involves irreversible neuron loss.
C．Its early signs are not easy to notice.
D．It's not a curable disease medically.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A major problem of getting effective treatment at the right time is identifying the disease soon enough”可推知，难以发现早期的症状使帕金森病的患者得到有效救治变得困难。
6．What did the Scottish nurse find
A．Her husband's body gave off a unique smell.
B.Her husband had a heightened sense of smell.
C．A smell caused her husband to suffer from a disease.
D．A smell could relieve her husband's Parkinson's symptoms.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“a retired nurse in Scotland...her own husband's Parkinson's diagnosis”可知，这名苏格兰退休护士发现她丈夫的身上散发出一种独特的气味。
7．What will the researchers do concerning their invention
A．Put it into clinical use.
B．Conduct a broader test.
C．Create more lab models.
D．Expand its market outside the U．S.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“but before the e-nose is ready for clinical use, the team needs to test...in any way”可知，为了提高模型的准确性，在电子鼻投入临床使用之前，研究小组还需要进行更广泛的测试。
8．What is the best title for the passage
A．This E-nose Can Smell Parkinson's
B．Parkinson's Patients Produce More Sebum
C．People Living with Parkinson's Are on the Rise
D.Researchers Have Found Treatment for Parkinson's　
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了一种能够检测出帕金森病的患者身上特有气味的电子鼻，A项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·宣城高一检测)
What Makes a Good Scientist
My name is Clara.I am a climate scientist studying tiny particles in the atmosphere which is a layer of gases that surrounds our planet.I have wondered what makes a good scientist.1.________
Patience
2．________ They have patience for others, patience for themselves and patience when things go wrong.A few years ago, when I worked on a NASA mission, we sent a spacecraft to bring back a sample of an asteroid (小行星), which is rocky objects that travel around the sun.The spacecraft reached the asteroid in 2018 and returned with a piece of the asteroid in 2021.Then scientists studied it.
Scientific discoveries do not take place overnight.Many are small and go slowly.Missions often take years to complete.3.________
Being Open to Others
A good scientist has an open mind.It can be easy to ignore people you do not agree with.But we should be open to new ideas and ask people what they think. 4.________ Moreover, we should learn from our mistakes.Success almost never comes quickly or easily.Chances are you'll stumble many times first, but that's OK because making mistakes is part of learning.
Curiosity
Good scientists are curious, but we should also be curious in our daily lives.When we are curious about other people, we can care about them.We can become more understanding.
After all, it is easy to be kind.You can do it anywhere, and a kind action can make someone's day.You don't know what people are going through unless you find out.So, ask questions about everything.Ask your friends how they're doing.Ask yourself what makes you feel alive.Above all, make sure to pay attention to the world and the people around you.
5．________ It is our superpower, and also what makes us human.
A．Good scientists have patience.
B．Don't be ashamed of being curious.
C．Sometimes being open can be very harmful.
D．That is why having patience is so important.
E．Ask your workmates to have lunch with you.
F．To me, it is the same as what makes a good person．
G．We should do this even when we do not agree with them.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了要成为一名优秀的科学家应该具备的条件。
1．F　解析：根据空前的“I have wondered what makes a good scientist.”可知，作者想知道成为一名优秀的科学家所具备的条件，空处应讲作者的见解。F项承接上文， 符合语境。
2．A　解析：根据本段小标题“Patience”以及空后的“They have patience for others, patience for themselves and patience when things go wrong.”可知，本段是围绕着好的科学家有耐心这一点展开，空处应讲优秀的科学家要有耐心。A项概括本段，符合语境。
3．D　解析：根据空前的“Scientific discoveries do not take place overnight...Missions often take years to complete.”可知，此处是在讲作为一名优秀的科学家要有耐心的原因，空处应对本段进行总结。D项总结上文，符合语境。
4．G　解析：根据空前的“A good scientist has an open mind...ask people what they think.”可知，空处应讲有一个开放的心态应该怎么做。G项承接上文，符合语境，且选项中的“this”指代上文的“we should be open to new ideas and ask people what they think”。
5．B　解析：根据本段小标题及空后的“It is our superpower, and also what makes us human.”可知，空处内容应与好奇心有关。B项概括本段，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In traditional Chinese culture, the dragon is one of the 12-year circle of animals 1.____________ appear in the Chinese zodiac. For many centuries, it 2.____________(regard) as a symbol of luck, power and mystery. People born in the Year of the Dragon are traditionally thought 3.____________(be) enthusiastic, intelligent, lively, energetic, and innovative.
Among the rich legacies of Chinese history, the dragon totems (图腾) in the Forbidden City are 4.____________(undoubted) a fascinating presence. The Forbidden City, a splendid architectural complex known as the “treasure of China”， was once the royal palace of the Ming and Qing 5.____________(dynasty), and it stands as the world's largest and most complete 6.____________(exist) ancient wooden structure complex. In the Forbidden City, the dragons, whether hanging in the sky, leaping between beams (横梁), 7.____________ hidden in the details, all tell ancient stories.
In each corner of the Forbidden City, 8.____________ variety of lifelike dragons can be seen, showing not only specialized skills, but also deep history and cultural enrichment.
According to photographer Gu Caihua, those dragons sitting on the roofs seem to be guarding the ancient palaces, while those dragons 9.____________(sculpture) on beams appear to be telling the ups and downs of history. These dragons are not merely decorations, but 10.____________ some extent, they carry the essence of Chinese culture.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了龙图腾在中国传统文化中的重要意义，以及紫禁城中雕刻绘画的龙所代表的文化内涵。
1．which/that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词animals，先行词指物，应用关系代词which或者that。
2．has been regarded　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语“For many centuries”可知，应用现在完成时，动词regard与句子主语it之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
3．to be　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为固定句型“sb.＋be thought to be/do ”意为“某人被认为是……/做了……”，应用动词不定式。
4．undoubtedly　解析：考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，修饰谓语动词。
5．dynasties　解析：考查名词复数。此处应用名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“明和清两个朝代”，应用其复数形式。
6．existing/existent　解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰ancient wooden structure complex, 此处表示“现存的”，应用existing或existent。
7．or　解析：考查连词。此处为固定结构“whether...or...”，意为“无论是……还是……”。
8．a　解析：考查冠词。a variety of 意为“多种多样的”，为固定短语。
9．sculptured　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，且动词sculpture和逻辑主语dragons之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。
10．to　解析：考查介词。to some extent意为“在某种程度上”，为固定短语。Period 4　Writing
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INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作一　应用文写作——关于实验报告的说明文
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请根据以下内容，写一篇实验报告，介绍“未被点燃的纸”整个实验的内容。
实验名称 未被点燃的纸
实验器材 铜棒(copper rod)、两张相同的长条白纸、火柴
实验步骤 1.首先，用火柴直接点燃其中一张纸条；2.然后，将另一张纸条先紧紧缠绕在铜棒上，再去点燃
实验现象 　　1.前一张纸条迅速燃烧；2.后一张纸条没有燃烧
实验结论 铜具有良好的导热性，使纸条无法燃烧
注意：词数80左右。
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1．那天，我做了一个家庭小实验，这个实验旨在证明“未被点燃的纸”是否真的存在。
I did__a__little__home__experiment the other day.It was__designed__to__find__out if “unlit paper” really exists.
2．我准备了一根铜棒，两张相同的长条白纸及火柴来做这个实验。
I prepared a copper rod, two identical strips of white paper and matches to__do__this__experiment．
3．实验过程如下：首先，用火柴点燃其中一张纸条。然后，将另一张纸条先紧紧缠绕在铜棒上，再去点燃。
Experimental__procedures__are__below：First, light one of the slips by a match. Then, wrap another slip of paper tightly around the copper rod before lighting the paper.
4．结果，前一张纸条迅速燃烧而后一张纸条没有燃烧。
As__a__result,__the first one burned quickly but the second one did not.
5．在这个实验后，我得出了一个结论。因为铜具有良好的导热性，使纸条无法燃烧。
After this experiment, I came__to__a__conclusion. Because copper has good thermal conductivity, the paper doesn't burn.
6．【读教材原句】　(教材P36)This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car.
【记句式】　which引导非限制性定语从句
【学仿写】　用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句1
I__did__a__little__home__experiment__the__other__day,__which__was__designed__to__find__out__if__“unlit__paper”__really__exists.
7．【读教材原句】　(教材P44)In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
【记句式】　that引导同位语从句
【学仿写】　用that引导同位语从句改写句5
After__this__experiment,__I__came__to__a__conclusion__that__because__copper__has__good__thermal__conductivity,__the__paper__doesn't__burn.
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One possible version：
I did a little home experiment the other day，which was designed to find out if “unlit paper” really exists.
I prepared a copper rod, two identical strips of white paper and matches to do this experiment.And the experimental procedures are below: First，light one of the slips by a match.Then, wrap another slip of paper tightly around the copper rod before lighting the paper.As a result, the first one burned quickly but the second one did not.
After this experiment, I came to a conclusion that because copper has good thermal conductivity, the paper doesn't burn.
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假定今天你们在物理老师的帮助下做了一个有趣的实验。请根据以下实验步骤，用英语写一篇80词左右的实验报告。
1．准备一支蜡烛、一个盆、一些水，还有一个比蜡烛稍高些的玻璃杯；
2．将蜡烛置于盆底，并向盆中倒入一些水；
3．点燃蜡烛，将玻璃杯罩在蜡烛上；
4．当蜡烛熄灭后，看到玻璃杯中水面高于盆中水面。
参考词汇：盆(basin)
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One possible version：
Today, with our physics teacher's help, we carried out an interesting experiment in class.
Before we started, we prepared a candle, a basin, some water and a glass which was a little higher than the candle. First, we let the candle stand at the bottom of the basin and poured some water into the basin. Then we lit the candle and covered it with the glass. We waited until the candle went out. To our astonishment, we saw that the height of the water in the glass was higher than that in the basin.
How interesting an experiment lesson we had!
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收获成就感与友谊
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心理描写用来展现故事中角色的思想、感情、动机和性格。恰当有效的心理描写不仅能够顺承原文的情感变化和心理状态，也能够引起共鸣。 心理描写是塑造角色、推动情节发展的关键。
常见的有效心理描写方式如下：
1．形容词作状语
*Disappointed and sad, I couldn't help thinking what I would say when the other kids asked what I'd got.
我感到又失望又悲伤，当其他孩子问我得到了什么时我忍不住想我该说什么。
2．with＋情绪名词
*At the sight of the fierce wolf, her eyes were wide open with fear.
一看到那只凶猛的狼，她就吓得睁大了眼睛。
3．to one's＋情绪名词
*To my disappointment, having been revised again and again, my essay still failed to meet the requirements.　令我失望的是，经过一次又一次的修改，我的文章仍然没有达到要求。
4．无生命名词作主语
*Fear and nervousness were replaced by joy.
恐惧和紧张被喜悦所取代。
5．“so...that...”句型
*I was so nervous that my heart began to race and my mind went blank.＝So nervous was I that my heart began to race and my mind went blank.
我如此紧张以至于我心跳加速，大脑一片空白。
6．增加细节描写代替概括描写
*Upon hearing the bad news, her heart ached, tears streaming down her cheeks.
一听到这个坏消息，她就心痛不已，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流下来。
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]Emily is a sixth-grade student in a small American town. She is a curious and adventurous girl who always dreams of exploring new places. Last summer, her dream came true when she got selected for a student exchange program to visit China.
[2]Emily was super excited, but she knew that going to a different country with a brand new culture might not be easy. When she arrived in China, she had an open heart and lots of hope, but the cultural differences, the language barrier, and the unfamiliar surroundings made her feel a bit overwhelmed.
[3]On her first day at a Chinese school, she felt like she was in a completely different world. The students spoke a language she couldn't understand, and the way things worked in the classroom was very different from back home. During lunchtime, poor Emily sat all by herself in a corner of the cafeteria, helpless and lonely. Just then, a friendly Chinese girl came up to her with a warm smile and said, “Hello, my name is Li Shanshan. I noticed you're new here. Would you like to be our friend？”
[4]Emily was so relieved and thankful for the friendly offer. “Thank you，” she replied with great joy. “I'm Emily, and I'm really happy to meet you.”
[5]Shanshan introduced Emily to her group of friends. To her delight, they all welcomed her with open arms. They helped Emily with her Chinese language, taught her about Chinese customs, and shared their favorite Chinese foods. Slowly but surely, Emily started to feel more comfortable and understand the Chinese culture better.
[6]One day, as the English teacher was planning her class schedule, she came up with an idea. She decided to assign each student in the class to do a presentation about their hometowns the next week. She believed this could be a great way for the students to learn about different cultures and improve their public speaking skills.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Emily was glad to do this but she didn't know how to prepare.________________________________________________________________________
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【Settings背景】
When&Where [1]Last__summer,__her dream came true when she got selected for a student exchange program to visit__China．
【Characters角色】
Who Emily;__Li__Shanshan;__the English teacher
【Plots情节】
What [3]On her first day at a Chinese school, she felt like she was in a__completely__different__world. [3]Just then, a__friendly__Chinese__girlcame up to her with a warm smile and said, “Hello, my name is Li Shanshan. I noticed you're new here. Would you like to__be__our__friend？”[5]Shanshan introduced Emily to her__group__of__friends．[6]She decided to assign each student in the class to do__a__presentation__about__their__hometowns the next week.
Why [1]She is a curious__and__adventurous girl who always dreams of exploring new places.
【Feelings情感】
How [2]Emily was super__excited,__but she knew that going to a different country with a brand new culture might not be__easy. [3]During lunchtime, poor Emily sat all by herself in a corner of the cafeteria, helpless__and__lonely. [4]Emily was so relieved and thankful for the friendly offer.[5]To__her__delight,__they all welcomed her with open arms. [5]Slowly but surely, Emily started to feel more__comfortable and understand the Chinese culture better.
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Theme (正能量原则) Emily visited China as an exchange student, who felt helpless__and__lonely at first. With the help of Li Shanshan, she felt more__comfortable. Through a successful presentation, not only did she feel a__sense__of__accomplishment,__but she also experienced the warmth of friendship．
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每段三个微情节(Q&A策略)：注重衔接和冲突解决原则
第一段段首句：Emily was glad to do this but she didn't know how to prepare.
[Question 1]　How did Li Shanshan help Emily
[Answer]　Li__Shanshan__gave__Emily__guidance,__taught__her__Chinese__and__they__practiced__together.
[Question 2]　How did Emily prepare the presentation
[Answer]　She__made__a__list__of__key__points__about__her__hometown__and__included__interesting__facts__and__traditions.
[Question 3]　How did Emily feel
[Answer]　She__felt__more__confident__and__comfortable__when__speaking__in__front__of__an__audience.
第二段段首句：The day finally came and it was Emily's turn to make the presentation.
[Question 1]　How did Emily feel before the presentation
[Answer]　Excited__but__nervous.
[Question 2]　What about Emily's presentation
[Answer]　It__was__a__great__success__which__impressed__the__audience.
[Question 3]　What did Emily harvest through the experience
[Answer]　She__felt__a__sense__of__accomplishment__and__experienced__the__warmth__of__friendship.
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心理描写公式：形容词作状语；with＋情绪名词；to one's＋情绪名词
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1．午饭时，可怜的艾米丽独自坐在自助餐厅的一个角落里，既无助又孤独。
During lunchtime, poor Emily sat all by herself in a corner of the cafeteria, helpless__and__lonely．(心理描写公式：形容词作状语)
2．“谢谢你，”她非常高兴地回答。“我是艾米丽，很高兴见到你。”
“Thank you，” she replied with__great__joy. “I'm Emily, and I'm really happy to meet you.”(心理描写公式：with＋情绪名词)
3．令她高兴的是，他们都张开双臂欢迎她。
To__her__delight,__they all welcomed her with open arms.(心理描写公式：to one's＋情绪名词)　
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1．日子一天天过去了，她满怀信心，在观众面前讲话时变得更加自如了。
Days passing by, with__great__confidence,__she became more comfortable speaking in front of an audience.(心理描写公式：with＋情绪名词)　
2．她既兴奋又紧张，走到了教室前面。
Excited__but__nervous,__she walked to the front of the classroom.(心理描写公式：形容词作状语)
3．令她欣慰的是，学生们认真听讲，积极提问，表现出对她的文化的兴趣。
To__her__relief,__the students listened attentively and actively asked questions, showing their interest in her culture.(心理描写公式：to one's＋情绪名词)
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1．珊珊知道了这一点，便上前帮助艾米丽准备演讲。
Knowing__that,__Shanshan stepped in to help Emily with her presentation.(v.-ing形式作状语)　
2．她还加入了她认为会吸引观众注意力的有趣事实和传统。
She also included interesting facts and traditions that__she__thought__would__attract__the__audience's__attention．(定语从句)
3．她深吸了一口气，看着同学们，然后开始了她的演讲。
She took__a__deep__breath,__looked__at her classmates, and began__her__presentation．(动词的联动)
4．艾米丽不仅有一种成就感，而且在异国他乡感受到了友谊的温暖。
Not__only__did__Emily__feel__a__sense__of__accomplishment,__but__she__also__experienced__the__warmth__of__friendship in a foreign land.(not only...but also...；部分倒装)
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Emily was glad to do this but she didn't know how to prepare.________________________________________________________________________
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The day finally came and it was Emily's turn to make the presentation.________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Emily was glad to do this but she didn't know how to prepare. Knowing that, Shanshan stepped in to help Emily with her presentation. With Shanshan's guidance, Emily decided to start by making a list of key points about her hometown, such as its location, population, and famous landmarks. She also included interesting facts and traditions that she thought would attract the audience's attention. They practiced together, and Shanshan even taught her some key phrases in Chinese to make her presentation more appealing. Days passing by, with great confidence, she became more comfortable speaking in front of an audience.
The day finally came and it was Emily's turn to make the presentation. Excited but nervous, she walked to the front of the classroom. She took a deep breath, looked at her classmates, and began her presentation. She spoke passionately about the beautiful landscapes, the friendly people, and the unique cultural events. To her relief, the students listened attentively and actively asked questions, showing their interest in her culture. The presentation impressed them a lot and as Emily bowed, thunderous applause burst out. Not only did Emily feel a sense of accomplishment, but she also experienced the warmth of friendship in a foreign land.单元过关检测(三)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where are the speakers
A．At the bus stop.
B．At the airport.
C．At the hotel.
2．What does the man mean
A．The reference books can't be borrowed.
B．The reference books aren't available.
C．Any kind of books can be borrowed.
3．How many children are there in the classroom
A．Seven. B．Five. C．Twelve.
4．Where does this conversation take place
A．At a restaurant.
B．At the theater.
C．At the station.
5．What will the woman probably do next
A．Try to get a signature from the chemistry department.
B．Schedule another appointment with her advisor.
C．Prepare for her final exam in chemistry.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What color coat does the woman finally choose
A．Red. B．Blue. C．Green.
7．How much is the coat
A．￥398. B．￥300. C．￥298.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where is the conversation probably taking place
A．At a car wash.
B．At a car park.
C．At an airport.
9．How do the speakers feel about the tickets
A．Satisfied.
B．Disappointed.
C．Unlucky.
10．Who brings the magazine along
A．The man.
B．The woman.
C．Both of them.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Why has the man never done volunteer work
A．He doesn't know what to do.
B．He thinks it's simple and boring.
C．He thinks it wastes too much time.
12．What volunteer work does the woman often do
A．Teaching. B．Cleaning. C．Nursing.
13．How long does the woman usually do volunteer work every week
A．For two days.
B．For one day.
C．For five hours.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Who is Julie
A．The woman's schoolmate.
B．The woman's colleague.
C．The woman's relative.
15．Why didn't the woman want to do magic tricks at the party
A．She didn't bring what she needed.
B．She didn't know how to do it at all.
C．She hasn't practised it for a long time.
16．How did the woman feel at the party
A．Tired. B．Embarrassed. 　C．Excited.
17．What does the woman plan to do
A．Avoid meeting Julie again.
B．Practise magic tricks at times.
C．Give up playing magic tricks.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Who is the speaker talking to
A．Shop customers. 　　　　
B．Cafe employees.
C．House agents.
19．Why does the speaker give the talk
A．To tell the listeners the move of the cafe.
B．To announce the opening of a new shop.
C．To apologize for the wrong decisions.
20．When is a new place expected to be found
A．By September.
B．By November.
C．By December.
答案：1～5.BACAA　6～10.BCCAB
11～15.ABCAC　16～20.BBBAA
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：Good morning, sir.Can I help you
M：Yes，please.I missed my flight to France as the bus I took broke down on the way here. Can I change to the next flight？①
(Text 2)
W：I thought the librarian said we could check out as many books as we need with our library cards.
M：That's right, but not those reference books.
(Text 3)
W：Are there any children in the classroom
M：Yes, seven are reading at their desks and five are playing on the floor.③
(Text 4)
M：How about my food？I've been sitting here for almost half an hour.④
W：I'm sorry, sir.It must be ready by now.
(Text 5)
M：How was your meeting with your advisor Did she approve all your classes for next semester
W：I still need one more signature from the chemistry department.⑤My advisor said if I got that, there'd be no problem. Oh，I'd better get going—they close in an hour.
(Text 6)
M：Good morning.Can I help you, madam
W：Morning.I'm looking for a coat.
M：What kind would you like
W：I'd like a medium-sized red coat.Do you have any
M：Sorry.The medium-sized red coats have just sold out.How about this blue one or that green one？They look nice, and they may fit.
W：Well, can I try on the blue one
M：Yes, of course.
W：It looks good on me.⑥ How much is it
M：298 yuan.⑦
W：OK. Here is 300 yuan.
M：And here's your change.Thank you.
(Text 7)
M：I can't believe we got such good tickets.We didn't even pay the regular price for them.⑨
W：I know! The seats are great.
M：Yeah，I'm thrilled we were able to get the discounted tickets.⑨
W：Me，too. It's probably because we booked the flight so early.⑧
M：I'm also glad we didn't make this a road trip.
W：I know.It takes so long to get there!
M：Hey, do you need to buy a book for the flight？⑧
W：No. I have my magazine.⑩
(Text 8)
M：Hello, Lucy!
W：Hi, Jim! Have you ever done volunteer work
M：I've thought about it but I don't know what kind I should do. What about you？　
W：I do it all the time.
M：What, for example？Teaching homeless children？Helping old people
W：I often clean up parks, and sometimes work in an animal hospital.
M：Don't you find it a little boring
W：No.In fact, I even like doing cleaning.
M：How much time do you spend on it？ Some people I know do it one or two days a week.
W：I don't do it that much. Usually about five hours a week.
M：Could I do volunteer work with you next week
W：Of course.
(Text 9)
M：How was the party last night, Rebecca？I'm so disappointed I couldn't make it.
W：Most of it was good, but...
M：How come
W：Well, one of my school friends was there, Julie， and she remembered that I used to be really good at doing magic tricks.Well, I haven't got around to doing it for a long time. I'm really out of practise.
M：What happened at the party
W：Well，Julie announced really loudly that I could do magic tricks，and they made me perform.I hate being the centre of attention. They all stared at me.I was so bad at it, and it took me about five minutes to remember how to do it again.
M：How come you don't practise magic tricks more
W：It's not a skill that you can put to use very often. But I think I should practise from time to time to avoid a scene like that again. I looked so stupid！
(Text 10)
M：Hi, fellow workers. I have some surprising news to report.I have just come from the house agency and it seems that the owner of this place has decided not to continue to rent the house after November，sorry，I'm wrong，after December of this year. Unfortunately, that means that Burnside Cafe will have to move. Now I know that we have been at this place for over 20 years and the move will certainly raise a number of challenges. First，I'm going to have to find a suitable new place. Of course I'll be looking to keep us in the same area，hopefully somewhere right here in this neighborhood. I hope I can get that done by September. After finding a suitable place，the move itself will also be a headache.There are so many things that could go wrong.But all those difficulties can be overcome.Although we'll face some tough times over the next few months, I know I can look forward to everyone's complete cooperation. With your help, Burnside Cafe can reopen better than ever.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October.This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD).That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event.You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance.Here are some of the picks.
Walk on the Wild Side
Not ticketed, Free
Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.Along the way you'll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and the food chain.Best suited to children aged 5-9.Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.
Introduction to Waves
Pre-book, PWYD
Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean.Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.
Science in the Field
Not ticketed, Free
This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field e along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist's mouth.Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.
Festival Dinner
Pre-book, ￡25 per person
Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London.Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full Find out more from Tom Crawford.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四项在十月份举行的以科学为主题的活动，以及各个活动的内容和特色。
21．In which event can you decide the payment
A．Introduction to Waves.
B．Walk on the Wild Side.
C．Science in the Field.
D．Festival Dinner.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD).That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford”和Introduction to Waves部分中的“Pre-book, PWYD”可知，“波动学导论”活动允许参与者自己决定付款。
22．Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data
A．Mike Goldsmith.
B．Sarah Law.
C．Mark Samuels.
D．Tom Crawford.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据Science in the Field部分中的“This storytelling night...gathering first-hand data on various field trips.”和“Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.”可知，马克·塞缪尔斯会分享他收集各种实地考察第一手数据的经历。
23．What do the four events have in common
A．Family-based.
B．Science-related.
C．Picked by children.
D．Filled with adventures.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据Walk on the Wild Side部分中的“Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.”，Introduction to Waves部分中的“Subjects range from sound waves...on the ocean.”，Science in the Field部分中的“This storytelling night features a scientist...on various field trips.”及Festival Dinner部分中的“Whether you want to...join us to mark the first science festival in London.”可知，这四项活动的共同点是都和科学相关。
B
In 1945, 24-year-old Joan Hinton was one of the few female nuclear (核能的) physicists joining in the Manhattan Project, an American project set up in 1942 to develop an atom bomb.Even as she rejoiced__in the project's success, she was deeply shocked when the U.S. dropped two bombs in Japan in 1945 during World War Ⅱ. She then quit the project and left the U．S.
In 1948, she managed to travel to Yan'an, where she married Erwin Engst.Her husband got his first impressions of China from the book Red Star Over China by Edgar Snow.He came to China as a member of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration in 1946 and went on to serve as an expert on farm equipment in Yan'an. “My father kept on writing letters to my mom, telling her that ‘China is about to climb a hill.If you arrive late, you'll miss the bus’，” Fred Engst, son of Hinton, said.
Hinton and her husband lived a simple life in China.During her time in Yan'an, she only stood out as a foreigner, dressed in ordinary clothes. The villagers treated them as family members. During one Chinese New Year's party in the village she lived in, Hinton shared her sense of humor by amusing the locals with her performances using a northern Shaanxi dialect (方言).
The couple witnessed the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949.Hinton, who had high hopes of making milk available to the Chinese population, put her effort into the improvement of agricultural machinery and the milk industry at large.She applied her scientific skills to developing a continuous-flow automatic milk pasteurizer (巴氏消毒器) and tended to about 200 cows in the following years.The couple had a big influence on the dairy industry of China.“ Everyone was working hard for the same goal and I was involved in a great cause，” Hinton once talked about those days.
“I admire the courage and moral principles of Hinton. She was truly devoted to everything she did, whether in nuclear physics or the dairy industry，”Alexandra Pozhidaeva, a Russian student, said.
【解题导语】　 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了琼·辛顿不管作为一名核物理学家还是从事牛奶行业，她都竭尽全力的故事。
24．What does the underlined part “rejoiced in” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Was surprised at.
B．Felt pleased with.
C．Expressed anger at.
D．Showed disappointment with.
B　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语前的Even as和下文中的“She was deeply shocked...left the U．S.”可知，她对曼哈顿计划的成功是感到高兴的，但是当美国向日本投下两颗原子弹时，她感到很震惊，然后退出了这个计划，离开了美国。
25．What was the attitude of the villagers to the couple in China
A．Friendly.　　　　　 B．Confused.
C．Worried. D．Uncaring.
A　解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“The villagers treated them as family members.”可知，村民们对待他们就像对待自己的家人一样。由此可推知，村民们对他们很友善。
26．What contribution did Hinton make to China
A．She carried out nuclear research in China.
B．She made population increase in the 1940s.
C．She helped cows give birth to more healthy babies.
D.She promoted the development of the milk industry.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Hinton, who had high hopes of...the milk industry at large...dairy industry of China.”可知，辛顿推动了乳业的发展。
27．What is the passage mainly about
A．Joan Hinton's project in China.
B．The influence of Joan Hinton.
C．The introduction to Joan Hinton.
D．Joan Hinton's personal qualities.
C　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了琼·辛顿的个人经历。
C
A good education is an excellent way to land a successful career and develop your personality.But can education also have a positive effect on our brains as we get older A team of researchers under the University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging” led by Lutz Jancke, professor of neuropsychology at the University of Zurich, has now explored this question in a long-term study.
The researchers followed more than 200 senior people for over seven years.The study participants were not affected by dementia (失智症), had average to above-average intelligence and led highly active social lives.Based on complex statistical analyses, the researchers were able to show that academic education had a positive effect on age-related brain degeneration (衰退).
The findings showed that over the course of seven years, senior people with an academic background showed a significantly lower increase in typical signs of brain degeneration.“In addition, academics (高校科研人员) also processed information faster and more correctly—for example, when matching letters and numbers of patterns.The decline in their mental processing performance was lower overall, ” summarizes researcher Isabel Hotz.
The findings add to initial findings of other research groups, who have found that education has a positive effect on brain aging. Previous studies also suggest that mental processing speed depends on the integrity (完整) of neural networks in the brain.If these networks are affected, mental processing speed decreases.
“Even though no causal link between education and reduced natural brain degeneration has been found so far, the following at least seems likely: We think that a high level of education leads to an increase in neural and cognitive networks over the course of people's lives, and that they build up reserves, so to speak.In old age, their brains are better able to make up for any injury that occurs, ” says Lutz Jancke.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。 研究表明，学术教育对大脑有积极的影响，在一定程度上可以延缓大脑衰退的速度。
28．What effect does a good education have according to paragraph 1
A．It changes one's appearance.
B．It ensures one's physical health.
C．It helps one get whatever he needs.
D．It contributes to one's career success.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A good education is an excellent way to land a successful career and develop your personality.”可知，良好的教育有助于个人事业的成功。
29．How did researchers draw their conclusion
A．Through data analyses.
B．By reasonable prediction.
C．Through doing experiments.
D．By referring to other studies.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Based on complex statistical analyses...age-related brain degeneration”可知，基于复杂的统计分析，研究人员能够证明学术教育对与年龄相关的大脑退化有积极的影响，由此可知，研究人员是通过数据分析得出结论的。
30．Which of the following may researchers agree with
A．Academics are not good at matching letters.
B．High academic level slows brain degeneration.
C．Academics experience fast brain degeneration.
D．Brain degeneration has no connection with education.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The findings showed...senior people with an academic background showed a significantly lower increase in typical signs of brain degeneration.”可推知，研究人员会认同高学术水平可以减缓大脑退化速度的观点。
31．What is unclear about the findings
A．How a good education affects our brains.
B．What effects education has on our brains.
C．Why education positively affects our brains.
D．Whether education has a positive effect on our brains.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Even though no causal link between education and reduced natural brain degeneration has been found so far”可知，到目前为止还没有发现教育和延缓大脑自然退化程度之间的因果关系，由此可推知，人们不清楚为什么教育会对大脑有积极的影响。
D
Ever imagined that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to 5℃ on hot summer days Thanks to a recent discovery, the possibility is getting closer.The amazing invention aims to offer real relief to people eager to feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on hot days.
Its inventors, engineers Ma Yaoguang of Zhejiang University and Tao Guangming of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, took a completely innovative approach.They designed a special textile (纺织品) that can absorb body heat and re-emit (重发出) its energy into space as mid-infrared radiation.This textile cools both the objects and their surroundings through a technique known as radiative cooling.This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a regular shirt, you are actually wearing a device that works like a mirror.
Research conducted at Stanford University in 2017 had already managed to cool the wearer by 3℃， but this previous trial was limited.So researchers still need to test the new approach to determine how effectively the new fabric cools while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their trials.They also need to examine and measure how well it works when T-shirts are not in close contact with the skin.
Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking out for textile manufacturers and clothing brands that are interested in using their fabric.They estimate that the new material will increase clothing manufacturing costs by just 10 percent.“We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is basically the same as their old stuff，” Tao said.
So if you are an athlete or simply someone that has to deal with the extremely high temperatures, be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be coming to an end!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由新材料制成的T恤，可以帮人们迅速降温。
32．What is the purpose of the new invention
A．To cool people off in hot weather.
B．To change people's body temperature.
C．To test the wearers' temperature.
D．To make wearers fashionable.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ever imagined that your simple T-shirt could cool you down...getting closer.”可知，这项新发明的目的是让人们在炎热的天气里凉快下来。
33．How does the special product work
A．By sending out absorbed heat.
B．By turning sunlight into energy.
C．By keeping heat out completely.
D．By using light colors to reflect sunlight.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They designed a special textile that can absorb body heat and re-emit its energy...as radiative cooling．”可知，这种特殊产品是通过散发吸收的热量来起作用的。
34．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us
A．The previous studies lack evidence.
B．The invention needs further testing.
C．The new textile has a good cooling effect.
D．The new textile applies to various situations.
B　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要告诉我们这项发明需要进一步的测试。
35．What can we learn from the invention of the T-shirt
A．Barking up the wrong tree.
B．Robbing Peter to pay Paul.
C．Killing two birds with one stone.
D．Putting the cart before the horse.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 “‘We can make it...the same as their old stuff’”和最后一段中的“be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be coming to an end”可知，这种新衬衫既可以降温，又经济实惠，可以说是一石二鸟。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Society Too Dependent on Technology
Just think, what would happen if your computer or laptop crashed today What if someone took away your phone for some days or perhaps you lost it 36.________ Today, most people are becoming dependent on technology.
Most of us cannot go for a minute without looking at our phones and the fear of the battery dying is immense (极大的). If you happen to work in offices, you may be familiar with this trend. 37.________ Anyway, it's true.How can work continue if it's hard to send an email to a colleague or customer This is common in almost all offices.
Kids used to spend a lot of time with each other or parents playing or just sharing stories.Those evening games after school are over; watching cartoons on a Sunday or playing with friends is no longer there. 38.________ Technology has taken all their time.
Society may have gone too far in technology dependence．It has become so immense that doctors have recommended people for “technology detox (脱瘾)”. 39.________ If not, according to researchers from Oxford University, technology detox is a period during which an individual avoids using any electronic devices including computers, smart phones, etc., as a chance to reduce stress and focus on social interaction in the outside world.
Well, the choice remains in our hands.We must agree that society is being carried away by the increased inventions being introduced in our lives today. 40.________ Meanwhile, we should have the discipline to turn it off when we are supposed to experience life in reality.
A．Perhaps you may have heard of it.
B．We appreciate technology since it has its benefits.
C．If the Internet is down, all the tasks are over for the day.
D.Technology addiction has become a major problem among teenagers.
E．If thinking about these incidents makes you stressed, you are not alone.
F．Here are some signs that our generation depends too much on technology.
G.Today, most kids remain indoors playing computer games or with a smart phone.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了现代人对科技的依赖。旨在告诉我们，科技虽然重要，但我们要保持生活的真实性，体验真正的生活。
36．E　解析：空前“Just think, what would happen...or perhaps you lost it？”提出电子产品不能使用的假想情况，空后“Today, most people are becoming dependent on technology.”说明人们对科技的依赖。E项承上启下，符合语境。选项中not alone对应下文的most people。
37．C　解析：根据空后“Anyway, it's true.How can work continue if it's hard to send an email to a colleague or customer？”可知，空处应提及无法发送电子邮件的原因是没有网络。C项符合语境。
38．G　解析：根据空前“Kids used to spend a lot of time...is no longer there.”可知，空处应说明孩子们对科技的依赖。G项承接上文，符合语境。
39．A　解析：空前提到“technology detox”，空后对该名词进行了解释。A项承上启下，符合语境。
40．B　解析：根据空前“We must agree that society is being carried away by the increased inventions being introduced in our lives today.”并结合空后内容可知，空处应说明我们对科技的肯定。B项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have invented robots that crawl (爬) through pipes to check them for damage.Two of my __41__ allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels.My love of building things __42__ when I was a kid.It wasn't until I learned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing.
When I was in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a __43__．We had to write to a company and learn about the __44__ it made.Each student would then give a report in front of the class.I __45__ the company founded by Thomas Edison.
Soon after I wrote to the company, our mailman __46__ a package to me.It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I __47__ reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that impressed me most were movies, recorded sound and the electric light.Edison became my hero.
My dad noticed my interest in inventing and __48__ me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.
Together, my dad and I repaired radios and televisions.Once, I surprised my dad with a __49__ I made to adjust the brakes (刹车) of our car.Later, we found a similar tool in a store.That's when I learned that __50__ inventors often invent similar things.It is not __51__ for this to happen.I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.__52__ is a common part of the inventing process.
As my father and I worked together, I began to __53__ that my dad was quite an inventor himself.His guiding hands, combined with my __54__ in inventing, led me to become an engineer and inventor.But I am __55__ to Thomas Edison, too, for first lighting that bulb (电灯泡) inside me.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小对发明感兴趣，在他父亲的影响和帮助下，他最终成了一名工程师和发明家的故事。
41．A.approaches B．experiments
C．inventions D．conclusions
C　解析：根据上文“have invented robots”及下文内容可知，作者的两项发明(invention)可以让汽车成为车轮上的动力装置。
42．A.died B．began
C．faded D．won
B　解析：根据下文“when I was a kid”可知，作者对创造东西的热爱始于(begin)儿童时期。
43．A.project B．lesson
C．surprise D．present
A　解析：根据下文“We had to write to a company...give a report in front of the class”可知，这是学校里老师分配给学生做的课题(project)。
44．A.decisions B．products
C．orders D．accounts
B　解析：根据下文“movies, recorded sound and the electric light”可知，此处指了解公司生产的产品(product)。
45．A.joined B．owned
C．started D．chose
D　解析：根据下文“I wrote to the company”并结合语境可知，作者选择(choose)了这家公司。
46．A.opened B．offered
C．delivered D．lent
C　解析：根据上文mailman并结合常识可知，作者写信给这家公司后不久，邮递员给他派送(deliver)了一个包裹。
47．A.enjoyed B．minded
C．avoided D．hated
A　解析：根据上文“It wasn't until...became excited about inventing.”可知，作者非常崇拜爱迪生，因此喜欢(enjoy)阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。
48．A.stopped B．blamed
C．controlled D．encouraged
D　解析：根据下文“He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.”可推知，父亲鼓励(encourage)作者继续发明。
49．A.tool B．promise
C．mistake D．trick
A　解析：根据下文“Later, we found a similar tool in a store.”可知，作者用自己做的一个调整刹车的工具(tool)给了他的父亲一个惊喜。
50．A.young B．different
C．great D．real
B　解析：根据上下文可知，不同的(different)发明家经常发明类似的东西，这种情况并不罕见(unusual)。
51．A.reasonable B．improper
C．practical D．unusual
D　解析：参见上题解析。
52．A.Imagination B．Failure
C．Happiness D．Wealth
B　解析：根据上文“I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.”可知，失败(failure)是发明过程中常见的一部分。
53．A.hope B．suggest
C．realise D．consider
C　解析：根据句意并结合语境可知，当父亲和作者一起工作时，作者开始意识到(realise)他的父亲自己也是一个相当了不起的发明家。
54．A.honor B．difficulty
C．experience D．interest
D　解析：根据上文“My love of building things ________ when I was a kid.”可知，此处指作者父亲的指导，加上作者对发明的兴趣(interest)，引领他成了一名工程师和发明家。
55．A.grateful B．polite
C．related D．equal
A　解析：根据下文“for first lighting that bulb inside me”并结合语境可知，作者很感谢托马斯·爱迪生，be grateful to意为“感谢”，为固定搭配。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past ten years, we have seen technology develop 56.____________ high speed.However, it is sad to see that new technologies introduced to make our lives easier are making life 57.____________(difficult) for some people, mostly elderly people.For instance, many offices require users 58.____________(operate) some services on their smartphones, but what if 59.____________ elderly citizen can not use a smartphone Many banks require their customers to pass a facial 60.____________(recognise) test, but what if that is difficult for a customer to do
Technology 61.____________(use) to serve the people.Elderly people also need bank accounts and they have right to use the services.The authorities should think about them more when 62.____________(make) rules and procedures.By doing so, they will be serving everyone.Earlier this year, the train station at Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 63.____________(open) a special counter for those who do not use a smartphone or those 64.____________ phones have run out of power.This measure shows that the local government has 65.____________(full) taken people's needs into consideration.This is a good example for others to learn from.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今很多新技术的引入使一些人，尤其是老年人的生活更困难，作者认为技术应该为人民服务。并呼吁相关部门在制定规则和程序时应该更多地考虑他们。
56．at　解析：考查介词。“at...speed”意为“以……的速度”，为固定搭配。
57．more difficult　解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据句意及空前easier可知，空处应用形容词的比较级形式。
58．to operate　解析：考查非谓语动词。require sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，为固定搭配。空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。
59．an　解析：考查冠词。空后elderly citizen为单数，此处表示泛指，且elderly的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
60．recognition　解析：考查名词。根据空前形容词facial可知，空处应用名词形式。
61．is used　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句阐述客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语Technology和动词use之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
62．making　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，动词make和句子主语The authorities之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。
63．opened　解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句的谓语，根据时间状语Earlier this year可知，应用一般过去时。
64．whose　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，且在从句中作定语，修饰名词phones，应用关系代词whose。
65．fully　解析：考查副词。空处修饰过去分词taken，应用副词形式，作状语。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你校将举行英语作文竞赛，请你适当发挥想象力，以“Robots in the Future”为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．机器人将来在工业和生活中的用途；
2．你对未来使用机器人的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Robots in the Future
I think more and more intelligent robots will be used in the future.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Robots in the Future
I__think__more__and__more__intelligent__robots__will__be__used__in__the__future.
Robots will play an important role in factories.They can do some heavy and dangerous jobs there.In our daily life, robots can help us do most of the housework. They can help us do some cleaning, cooking and washing. They can also look after the elderly, babies and patients. They'll even take exercise with us.
In my opinion, robots will change our future life in many ways, making it more colorful. However, it's unwise for us to depend heavily on them.As humans' helpers, robots should be used properly.
第二节(满分25 分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mary and her little son Andy lived alone and led a hard life.They didn't have much, but there was always food on the table for Andy, at least.
To support the family, Mary did three jobs.It was tiring, but Mary didn't give up.Each day when she finally got home, she'd bring Andy home from a kind neighbor, who attended to her boy for hours daily.
Years later when Andy was 15, Mary was still working hard.One morning she crazily looked for the house keys, worried about getting late for work.She had a long day ahead, but she didn't even make it to her house's front door.She tried to move the sofa to see if the keys had fallen behind it.At the time, Andy was preparing to go to school.
Suddenly, Mary fell due to long-term lack of sleep.And when she fell, her head hit the sofa's edge, which caused her to faint immediately.So worried, Andy did everything he could to help his mom.Finally, he took her to hospital.
Hours later, Mary woke up, noticing Andy's hand on her shoulder.The doctor brought her document for her to read.She soon knew why she was in hospital.And she knew the fall had reduced her sense of hearing to 20%.Mary couldn't help crying.“What am I going to do now？” she thought as she looked at Andy.With tears in eyes, Andy said, “I love you, Mom！” And it saddened them both again because Mary could barely hear Andy's words.
The doctor recommended wearing a hearing aid.It was a very expensive device.“Who has that kind of money？” Mary thought, feeling upset and hopeless.
But Andy wasn't.“Mom has taken good care of me for years.It's high time that I did something to try to repay her，” Andy thought.He was determined to take a part-time job to earn the money for the hearing aid.Since his academic performance was very good, he decided to work as a tutor for junior kids.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
First, he made advertisements.___________________ ________________________________
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One morning when Mary was still sleeping soundly, Andy put the hearing aid in her ear.___________ ________________________________________________
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One possible version：
First, he made advertisements.Then, he put them up in the neighborhood.Attracted, some parents invited him home.After an interview, they were content with Andy's teaching ability and hired him.Thus, Andy's schedule became so tight that he often didn't get home until dinnertime.Andy kept it a secret from his mom.Finally, he was amazed he earned enough money.He immediately bought a hearing aid for his mother and studied the instructions.
One morning when Mary was still sleeping soundly, Andy put the hearing aid in her ear. Mary awakened to the sounds of birds' singing and car horns.“Morning, Mom，” Andy said.Mary turned, finding Andy was sitting nearby, smiling.“Is there a hearing aid？” she asked in disbelief.Andy nodded and asked, “How does it feel？” Mary replied that it was incredible, with tears rolling down her cheeks.She was relieved that her son loved her so much.Period 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
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1．Why did Franklin do the lightning experiment
He wanted to know if__lightning__was__really__produced__by__electricity__or__something__else．
2．How did Franklin prove lightning was a form of electricity according to the story of Franklin's lightning experiment
(1)He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it; he then attached a metal key to the string.
(2)A flash of lightning hit the kite; then electricity was conducted through the string to the key.
(3)Franklin touched the key and got an electric shock; he proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
3．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The role of the metal key.
B．Franklin's opinion about science.
C．People's different opinions on lightning.
D．The purpose and process of Franklin's experiment.
答案：D
4．Tell the following sentences True (T) or False (F).
(1)Franklin's bravery amazed only one generation of schoolchildren.F
(2)Franklin's scientific approach has taught us how to look for the truth.T
(3)Experiments play an important role in scientific discoveries and inventions.T
5．What are people amazed by in Franklin's story
A．His touching on the metal key.
B．The stormy weather with lightning.
C．His bravery and scientific approach.
D．The kite with a key tied to the string.
答案：C
6．If Franklin had actually touched the key, what would have happened according to the passage
A．Franklin would have more new inventions.
B．Franklin would have been elected president.
C.Franklin would have died from the electric shock.
D．Franklin would have come up with the theory of gravity.
答案：C
7．Why does the author mention Newton in paragraph 5
A．Because Newton was a great scientist.
B．Because Newton's head was hit by an apple.
C．Because Newton liked to make questions.
D．Because it can support the author's idea.
答案：D
8．What can we learn about Franklin's lightning experiment
A．It is entirely fictive.
B．It is completely true.
C．It has never been questioned by any scientist.
D．Its spirit is more important than the facts.
答案：D
9．What does the author think can inspire people more
A．The interesting fiction stories.
B．The spirit of scientific exploration.
C．The facts proved by experiments.
D．Everything we read or hear.
答案：B
Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.Apart 1.from being a successful statesman, he was also a 2.creative(create) scientist and inventor.
Benjamin Franklin 3.flew(fly) a kite during a storm in 1752.He raised the kite with a piece of string 4.tied(tie) to it.A metal key was attached to the string.A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key.Franklin then touched the key and got 5.an electric shock.
Generations of schoolchildren have been amazed by his 6.bravery(brave) and his scientific approach to 7.looking(look) for the truth.However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.More than one scientist has questioned 8.what really happened.They all agree that if Franklin had 9.actually(actual) touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.
In science, facts should 10.be__proved(prove) by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story.
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Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．chemist n.　　　　　　 A．镭(一种化学元素)
2．astronomer n. B．重力，引力
3．biologist n. C．天文学家
4．radium n. D．化学家
5．lightning n. E．虚构的事，想象的事
6．fiction n. F．生物学家
7．gravity n. G．闪电
答案：1～5.DCFAG　6～7.EB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．passive attitude　　　 　 被动的态度
2．beyond repair 无法修理
3．for instance 例如
4．a conservation area for endangered species
一个濒危物种保护区
5．mountain streams 山涧
6．an extraordinary achievement 一项卓越的成就
7．a brilliant performance 一场出色的表演
8．the theory of relativity 相对论
9．the search for a cure for cancer
寻找治疗癌症的方法
10．draft a contract 起草一份合同
11．perform an experiment 做实验
12．a metal key 一把金属钥匙
13．a flash of lightning 一道闪电
14．conduct electricity well 导电性能好
15．give a full account of the incident 详尽地描述这一事件
16．follow standard procedure 遵循标准的步骤
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n．重要性，意义
2．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→injured adj.受伤的→injury n．伤害
3．accurate adj.精确的→accuracy n．精确(程度)，准确(性)
4．minor adj.小的→minority n．少数，少数民族
5．origin n．起源，起因→original adj.原来的→originally adv.原来；起初
6．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→mentally adv.精神上，心理地
7．declaration n．声明，宣告→declare vt.宣布；宣告；表明；宣称
8．attach v．系，绑；贴→attached adj.附属于；依恋的→attachment n．(机器的)附件；附加装置；附属物；依恋
9．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
10．entirely adv.完全地，彻底地→entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的
11．proof n．证明，证据→prove v．证实；证明是　
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．People in the past got water by dropping a bucket tied__to(将……系在……上) a rope into the well and then pulling it back up when it was full.
2．The problem of pollution arises along__with(与……一起) the rapid development of industry, causing serious harm to the environment and human health.
3．Before we take any action, we must establish__the__truth(证实真相) of the situation to ensure that our decisions are well-informed and appropriate.
4．The change in attitude towards environmental protection has__taken__place(发生) gradually over the past few years.
5．According to recent studies, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die__from(死于) heart attacks than men.
6．After weeks of brainstorming, he came__up__with(想出) a brilliant idea for the new product that would solve a long-standing problem.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“more than one＋可数名词单数”意为“不止一个……”　
More__than__one__generation__of__schoolchildren(几代学生) has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.(Para.3)
2．“neither...nor...”意为“既不……也不……”
However, neither__the__story__nor__the__details__of__the__experiment__are__entirely__true(这个故事以及实验的细节都不完全真实).(Para.4)
3．that引导同位语从句
In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that__it__hit__him__on__the__head(它砸在了他的头上).(Para.5)
[分析]　此句中还含有that引导的宾语从句，该从句中含有while引导的让步状语从句。
4．部分否定
But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should__not__always__believe(不应该总是相信) everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story.(Para.6)
[分析]　此句中还含有even if引导让步状语从句。
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【高频词汇诠释】
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significant　adj.重要的，影响深远的；显著的
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①(教材P38)But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine.
但也许迄今为止人们取得的最重大的成功是在医学方面。
②(译林必修三U1)As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的微妙平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
(1)significance n.　　　 意义；重要性；意思；含义
be of (great/no/little) significance to/for...
对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to...
重视……；认为……重要
(2)significantly adv. 显著地；明显地；
有重大意义地
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单句语法填空/补全句子/词汇升级
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Because the system is automated, it significantly(significant) reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.
(2)The expert thinks that schools should attach__significance__to(重视) students' all-round development rather than only their grades.
(3)(2022·全国甲卷满分作文)World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans is very important.(聚焦社会热点)
→World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans is of__great__significance．
背诵点 应用文写作之保护海洋
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attach　v.系，绑；贴；重视；附上
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①(教材P42)A metal key was attached to the string.
绳子上绑着一把金属钥匙。
②(北师大必修一U3)Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
然后，在我们的大门上倒贴“福”字。据说，“福”倒即福到。
(1)attach...to...　　　 把……附在/固定到……上
attach importance to...
认为……有重要性
(2)attached adj. 附属于；依恋的
be attached to 依恋；附属于
(3)attachment n. [C]附件；附加装置；
附属物；[U]依恋；爱慕
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)I have attached my photo to my last email, please check it in the attachment(attach).
(2)She found a box lying on the table with a card attached(attach) to it, saying “Happy birthday.”
背诵点 读后续写之细节描写
(3)海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且保持了自然的平衡。因此，人们对海洋保护十分重视。(聚集社会热点)
Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food, but it also maintains the balance of nature. So people attach__great__importance__to__ocean__protection．
背诵点 应用文写作之倡议书
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come up with　提出，想出
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①(教材P44)Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.
一些科学家甚至质疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉落在了牛顿的头上，促使他提出了万有引力定律。
②(北师大选必三U9)Despite, or perhaps because of, the epidemics the world has faced in recent years, governments worldwide have underlined the fact that they want thorough and systematic medical research on epidemics to get at the causes and come up with cures as soon as possible.
尽管，或者是因为近年来全球爆发了流行病，世界各国政府都已经强调这个事实，即他们希望对流行病进行彻底和系统的医学研究，以便尽快找出原因并想出治疗方法。
catch up with　　　　　　 追上；赶上
put up with 忍受；容忍
break up with... 与……分手
keep up with 跟上；了解(消息、形势等)
end up with... 以……结束
make up with... 与……和好
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补全句子/完成句子
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Families gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come__up__with(想出)．
(2)(人教必修一U1) I'm a bit worried about keeping__up__with__the__other__students(跟上其他同学) in my advanced course, and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
背诵点 应用文写作之求助信
(3)朋友们应该学会忍受恼人的习惯，学会容忍意见分歧，才能保持健康持久的关系。 (倡导和谐人际关系)　
Friends should learn to put__up__with__annoying__habits and to tolerate differences of opinions in order to maintain a healthy and long-lasting relationship.
背诵点 读后续写之主旨升华
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account　n.记述，描述；账目，账户　vi.解释，说明；(数量上、比例上)占
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①(译林选必四U2)Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them.
只有当你认真考虑他们的观点时，你才能够了解是什么导致了他们的情绪，并与他们产生共鸣。
②(北师大必修一U3)Here are three readers' accounts to our magazine，in which the readers shared their experiences and views about it.
下面是我刊三位读者的描述，他们分享了有关它的经历和看法。
(1)give an account of...　 给出……的描述/解释
on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不(位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装)
take account of...＝take...into account/consideration
将……考虑在内；考虑到……
(2)account for 是……的原因；解释；
占(一定数量或比例)
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单句语法填空/补全句子/词汇升级
(1)In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2%-3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.
(2)On__no__account(决不) should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
(3)He had to leave his beloved basketball team on__account__of__his__injured__legs(由于他受伤的腿), leaving his teammates and fans disappointed and heartbroken.
背诵点 读后续写之情节描写
(4)I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.I'm looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
→I sincerely hope that you will take__my__suggestions__into__account/take__account__of__my__suggestions． I'm looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
背诵点 应用文写作之建议信
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that引导同位语从句
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①(教材P44)In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实受到了掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明这个苹果砸在了他的头上。
②(北师大选必三U7)There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations; hence they have a harder time adjusting in life and in their careers.
毫无疑问，情商低的人往往在与其他人相处、解决困难方面存在问题；因此，他们在生活和职业上都很难适应。
(1)同位语从句在句中起同位语的作用，多用于proof、fact、news、idea、doubt、thought、question、promise、truth、report、possibility、tradition等抽象名词的后面，解释说明名词的具体内容；
(2)名词后接同位语从句时，如果同位语从句意义完整，则用that引导；that在从句中不作任何成分，无具体意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略；
(3)引导同位语从句的连接词还有whether、what、which、when、where、why、how等。
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)(北师大必修二U6)Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret.She studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine.
(2)(译林选必三U2)As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets.
(3)I have no idea what we can do with these waste materials in the future, but recycling and reusing them seems like a good start.
(4)听到学校篮球队赢得比赛的消息，我们都很兴奋，欢呼并互相拥抱庆祝。
We were all excited at the__news__that__our__school__basketball__team__won__the__game,__cheering and hugging each other in celebration.
背诵点 读后续写之情绪/动作描写
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Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．an__electric__shock　　　 触电；电击
2．be__known__as... 以……而出名；
被称为……
3．fly__a__kite 放风筝
4．apart__from 除了……外
5．introduce__generations__of__children__to__science
使几代儿童初次接触科学
6．be__amazed__by/at 对……感到惊奇
7．be__attached__to... 被附在……上
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．The most important scientific(科学的) discovery of all time would seem to be that the Earth is so tiny and insignificant.
2．It is a common sense that water conducts(传导) heat faster than air, which is why swimming in a lake feels colder than standing in the shade on a hot summer day.
3．(2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ，my grandmother experienced an entirely(完全地) different childhood lifestyle from mine.
4．This book has given us a vivid account(描述) of the life in the desert.
5．(2024·浙江卷1月)In the past few years, online learning has become a significant(重要的) part of the university and college experience.
6．They were making efforts to provide accurate(准确的)weather forecasts during the Olympic Games.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．I don't know who came__up__with(提出) this idea, but it seems like a brilliant one.
2．The movie was interesting and moving apart__from(除了……外) the ending which was a bit confusing and left me with many unanswered questions.
3．The accident took__place(发生) at the crossroads, causing a traffic jam for hours and forcing residents to find alternative routes to work and school.
4．Nowadays, cycling, along__with(与……一起) jogging and swimming, is regarded as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
5．Lily's father died__from(死于) an earthquake 10 years ago.That's why she comes to the earthquake-stricken area to serve as a volunteer.

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