资源简介 素养测练(二) UNIT 1 Part 2Ⅰ.单词拼写1.A (彩虹) in the sky is a natural phenomenon that can be explained by science. 2.The invention of the steam engine was a major milestone in (机械的) engineering. 3.The scientist (辩解) his theory against criticism from colleagues. 4.The discovery of penicillin was an (杰出的) contribution to medicine. 5.He was a (聪颖的) physicist whose theories revolutionised our understanding of the universe. 6.When an experiment goes wrong,the scientists usually seek for the (过错) in their procedures. 7.At last,the Chinese experts (追踪) the cause of her illness and cured her successfully. Ⅱ.语境填词1. (assistant) to scientists play an important role in scientific research. 2. (leader) requires not only professional knowledge,but also vision and strategy. 3.To our joy,the chemist (brilliant) made a breakthrough in his experiment. 4.The development of technology has been (steady) advancing over time. 5. (fault) theories need to be corrected in a timely manner. 6.His lecture (vivid) explained the principles of physics to us yesterday. 7. (patriotic),the soldier dedicated his life to serving his country. 8. (defend) of medical research is essential for the progress of society. Ⅲ.句子情境写作1.我很荣幸地向大家介绍负责这个科研项目的教授。(in charge of)2.她需要从日常生活中解脱出来,找点有意思的事情做。(break out)3.即使得了重病,这位可敬的科学家仍然继续他的研究。(come down with)4.最重要的是,我擅长英语口语,所以我和外国人交流没有困难。(above all)5.史蒂文(Steven)有绘画天赋,能轻松理解我在课堂上描述的内容。(have a gift for)Ⅳ.句子语法填空1.The reason why she is becoming unhealthy is she eats too much junk food. 2.That’s it is good to eat fruit and vegetables. 3.The question is it is worth trying. 4.My decision is all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning. 5.He did not work hard and that’s he failed the exam. 6.The woman was crying.That’s she failed again in the driving test. 7.This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. Ⅰ.阅读理解AHaving a conversation on Mars would be difficult.That’s partly because Mars can be really cold,and your teeth may be shaking.But it’s also because the Red Planet’s thin atmosphere of mostly CO2 doesn’t carry sound well.In fact,someone speaking next to you on Mars would sound as quiet as if they were talking 60 metres away on Earth.A team studied some of the first sound recordings ever made on the Red Planet.The recordings had been picked up by a microphone on American Perseverance rover (探测器).This space robot has been exploring Mars since February 2021.The recordings Perseverance got weren’t the sounds of events on Mars.They were noises made when the rover fired a laser (激光) at small rocks nearby.These data allowed the researchers to measure the speed of sound on Mars—and discovered a surprise.Within the range of human hearing,high sounds travel at about 250 metres per second.Low sounds travel slower—about 240 metres per second.Those low waves will travel just a few metres before dying away.Unexpectedly,the higher sounds die away over even shorter ranges.When a sound wave moves through air or a fluid,it adds energy to the molecules (分子) around it.Air will gradually move that energy around.This is called the relaxation effect.For sound waves travelling through air,relaxation depends on the frequency of the sound and the type of molecules in the air.On Mars,the relaxation after a high sound happens faster than after a low sound.That’s because the atmosphere has low pressure and is mostly composed of CO2.Measuring the speed of sound can give scientists an exact way to study the Martian atmosphere.Air pressure,temperature and humidity (湿度) all affect the speed of sound.So,by measuring changes in the speed of sound over time,researchers can learn more about Martian weather.With Perseverance broadcasting more sounds back to Earth,scientists will be able to study how its soundscape changes over the course of Martian seasons.( )1.What is special about the sounds on Mars compared with the sounds on Earth A.They can travel faster.B.They can travel a shorter distance.C.They can be clearer.D.They can be more powerful.( )2.What does the underlined word “surprise” in Paragraph 3 refer to A.The low sounds spread faster.B.The sounds can spread endlessly.C.The higher sounds travel a shorter distance.D.All sounds spread the same distance.( )3.What makes high sounds’ relaxation happen faster on Mars A.The low pressure made by high sounds.B.The ways sound waves move.C.The less energy carried by high sounds.D.The composition of the atmosphere.( )4.What does the discovery help scientists to do A.Study the climate on Mars.B.Research the Martian soil.C.Learn the development of Mars.D.Explore the possible living things on Mars.BWhat are scientists They are often described as gray-haired white-coated scholars.But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji,university professor Liu Mingzhen,and biologist Wan Ruixue.At the age of 28 in 2018,Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science and SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers.She focuses mainly on biomedicine (生物医学) and artificial intelligence.“Both are cutting-edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development,” she said.“So,I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies,China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology,China is likely to become the leader.”She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the natural world,when I was very young,” she said.In 2009,she entered Sun Yat-sen University.In her third year at the university,she realised that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine.So she emailed biologist Shi Yigong,hoping to join his lab.Shi recognised her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad,Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China,” she said,adding that the country has great science facilities.( )5.What does the underlined word “releasing” in Paragraph 2 mean A.Giving out.B.Getting over.C.Finding out.D.Taking over.( )6.What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies in China A.Anxious. B.Confident.C.Disappointed. D.Satisfied.( )7.What can we learn about Wan Ruixue’s journey of becoming a biologist A.Her teacher led her into the field.B.She finds it’s easier than she thought.C.Her contribution has been recognised.D.She thinks it’s boring but worth trying.( )8.Which can be the best title for the text A.China’s Breakthrough in ScienceB.Rising Young Scientists in ChinaC.Wan Ruixue: A Successful Young ScientistD.New Image of Chinese ScientistsⅡ.完形填空The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent.In the world of digital technology,email,social networking and online video games,information is meant to be 1 .Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up.In this respect,new technologies have 2 our culture. The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 3 as we’ve known it.People have become so 4 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they’d rather not be.Today we can talk,text,email,chat and blog,not only from our 5 but from our mobile phones as well. Most developed nations have become 6 on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it,and at this point not 7 it would make them an outsider.Also,many jobs and careers require people to be 8 .From this point of view,technology has changed the culture of work.Being reachable might feel like a 9 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 10 wants puters can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off.The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many 11 ,as well as disadvantages.Travellers have ended up 12 on mountains,and mobile phones have saved countless lives.They can also make people feel 13 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 14 to unwanted texts. Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 15 across generations.Some find today’s technology a gift.Others consider it a curse.Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject,it’s hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements in technology. ( )1.A.updated B.receivedC.shared D.collected( )2.A.respected B.shapedC.ignored D.preserved( )3.A.edge B.stageC.end D.balance( )4.A.sensitive B.intelligentC.considerate D.reachable( )5.A.media B.computersC.databases D.monitors( )6.A.bent B.hardC.keen D.dependent( )7.A.finding B.usingC.protecting D.changing( )8.A.connected B.trainedC.recommended D.interested( )9.A.pleasure B.benefitC.burden D.disappointment( )10.A.slightly B.hardlyC.merely D.really( )11.A.aspects B.weaknessesC.advantages D.exceptions( )12.A.hidden B.lostC.relaxed D.deserted( )13.A.trapped B.excitedC.confused D.amused( )14.A.turn B.submitC.object D.reply( )15.A.vary B.ariseC.spread D.existⅢ.写作训练假设你是学生会主席李华,想邀请外国交换生David下周一参加你校举办的“科技节”,并观赏学生们的科技发明。请用英语给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:1.活动时间和地点;2.活动目的和内容。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词语:科技节 Science and Technology Festival素养测练(二) UNIT 1 Part 2Ⅰ.单词拼写1.A (彩虹) in the sky is a natural phenomenon that can be explained by science. 2.The invention of the steam engine was a major milestone in (机械的) engineering. 3.The scientist (辩解) his theory against criticism from colleagues. 4.The discovery of penicillin was an (杰出的) contribution to medicine. 5.He was a (聪颖的) physicist whose theories revolutionised our understanding of the universe. 6.When an experiment goes wrong,the scientists usually seek for the (过错) in their procedures. 7.At last,the Chinese experts (追踪) the cause of her illness and cured her successfully. 答案:1.rainbow 2.mechanical 3.defended 4.outstanding 5.brilliant 6.fault 7.tracedⅡ.语境填词1. (assistant) to scientists play an important role in scientific research. 2. (leader) requires not only professional knowledge,but also vision and strategy. 3.To our joy,the chemist (brilliant) made a breakthrough in his experiment. 4.The development of technology has been (steady) advancing over time. 5. (fault) theories need to be corrected in a timely manner. 6.His lecture (vivid) explained the principles of physics to us yesterday. 7. (patriotic),the soldier dedicated his life to serving his country. 8. (defend) of medical research is essential for the progress of society. 答案:1.Assistants 2.Leadership 3.brilliantly 4.steadily 5.Faulty 6.vividly7.Patriotically 8.DefenceⅢ.句子情境写作1.我很荣幸地向大家介绍负责这个科研项目的教授。(in charge of)2.她需要从日常生活中解脱出来,找点有意思的事情做。(break out)3.即使得了重病,这位可敬的科学家仍然继续他的研究。(come down with)4.最重要的是,我擅长英语口语,所以我和外国人交流没有困难。(above all)5.史蒂文(Steven)有绘画天赋,能轻松理解我在课堂上描述的内容。(have a gift for)答案:1.I’m honoured to introduce the professor in charge of the scientific research project.2.She needed to break out of her daily routine and do something interesting.3.Even though he came down with a serious illness,the honorable scientist still continued his research.4.Above all,I’m good at spoken English,so I have no difficulty in communicating with foreigners.5.Steven has a gift for painting and he can easily understand what I describe in class.Ⅳ.句子语法填空1.The reason why she is becoming unhealthy is she eats too much junk food. 2.That’s it is good to eat fruit and vegetables. 3.The question is it is worth trying. 4.My decision is all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning. 5.He did not work hard and that’s he failed the exam. 6.The woman was crying.That’s she failed again in the driving test. 7.This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 答案:1.that 2.why 3.whether 4.that 5.why 6.because 7.whatⅠ.阅读理解AHaving a conversation on Mars would be difficult.That’s partly because Mars can be really cold,and your teeth may be shaking.But it’s also because the Red Planet’s thin atmosphere of mostly CO2 doesn’t carry sound well.In fact,someone speaking next to you on Mars would sound as quiet as if they were talking 60 metres away on Earth.A team studied some of the first sound recordings ever made on the Red Planet.The recordings had been picked up by a microphone on American Perseverance rover (探测器).This space robot has been exploring Mars since February 2021.The recordings Perseverance got weren’t the sounds of events on Mars.They were noises made when the rover fired a laser (激光) at small rocks nearby.These data allowed the researchers to measure the speed of sound on Mars—and discovered a surprise.Within the range of human hearing,high sounds travel at about 250 metres per second.Low sounds travel slower—about 240 metres per second.Those low waves will travel just a few metres before dying away.Unexpectedly,the higher sounds die away over even shorter ranges.When a sound wave moves through air or a fluid,it adds energy to the molecules (分子) around it.Air will gradually move that energy around.This is called the relaxation effect.For sound waves travelling through air,relaxation depends on the frequency of the sound and the type of molecules in the air.On Mars,the relaxation after a high sound happens faster than after a low sound.That’s because the atmosphere has low pressure and is mostly composed of CO2.Measuring the speed of sound can give scientists an exact way to study the Martian atmosphere.Air pressure,temperature and humidity (湿度) all affect the speed of sound.So,by measuring changes in the speed of sound over time,researchers can learn more about Martian weather.With Perseverance broadcasting more sounds back to Earth,scientists will be able to study how its soundscape changes over the course of Martian seasons.( )1.What is special about the sounds on Mars compared with the sounds on Earth A.They can travel faster.B.They can travel a shorter distance.C.They can be clearer.D.They can be more powerful.( )2.What does the underlined word “surprise” in Paragraph 3 refer to A.The low sounds spread faster.B.The sounds can spread endlessly.C.The higher sounds travel a shorter distance.D.All sounds spread the same distance.( )3.What makes high sounds’ relaxation happen faster on Mars A.The low pressure made by high sounds.B.The ways sound waves move.C.The less energy carried by high sounds.D.The composition of the atmosphere.( )4.What does the discovery help scientists to do A.Study the climate on Mars.B.Research the Martian soil.C.Learn the development of Mars.D.Explore the possible living things on Mars.语篇导读:本文是说明文。科学家使用火星探测器测量火星上的声速,这给科学家提供了一种研究火星大气的精确方法。答案及剖析:1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,在火星上即使有人在旁边说话,听起来也像在地球上的60米外,这说明与地球上的声音相比,火星上的声音传播距离较短。故选B。2.C 单词指代题。根据画线词后文可知,越高的音传播的距离越短。所以surprise指高音传播距离更短。故选C。3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知,大气层的组成使得火星上高音的松弛发生得更快。故选D。4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,这一发现有助于科学家研究火星的气候。故选A。BWhat are scientists They are often described as gray-haired white-coated scholars.But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji,university professor Liu Mingzhen,and biologist Wan Ruixue.At the age of 28 in 2018,Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science and SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers.She focuses mainly on biomedicine (生物医学) and artificial intelligence.“Both are cutting-edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development,” she said.“So,I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies,China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology,China is likely to become the leader.”She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the natural world,when I was very young,” she said.In 2009,she entered Sun Yat-sen University.In her third year at the university,she realised that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine.So she emailed biologist Shi Yigong,hoping to join his lab.Shi recognised her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad,Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China,” she said,adding that the country has great science facilities.( )5.What does the underlined word “releasing” in Paragraph 2 mean A.Giving out.B.Getting over.C.Finding out.D.Taking over.( )6.What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies in China A.Anxious. B.Confident.C.Disappointed. D.Satisfied.( )7.What can we learn about Wan Ruixue’s journey of becoming a biologist A.Her teacher led her into the field.B.She finds it’s easier than she thought.C.Her contribution has been recognised.D.She thinks it’s boring but worth trying.( )8.Which can be the best title for the text A.China’s Breakthrough in ScienceB.Rising Young Scientists in ChinaC.Wan Ruixue: A Successful Young ScientistD.New Image of Chinese Scientists语篇导读:本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声,并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样,越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究,为社会作出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。答案及剖析:5.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线单词前半句“Young scientists are making their voices heard”可知,making their voices heard和releasing their powers并列,可以根据“making their voices heard(发出自己的声音)”推测出releasing有“发出;散发”之意,所以画线词意思是“发出”。故选A。6.B 推理判断题。根据第五段第二、第三句,“我”认为在尖端技术的研究中,中国和世界上其他领先国家站在同一条起跑线上。在结构生物学研究方面,中国很可能成为领先者。可推知对中国前沿技术的研究,万蕊雪充满信心。故选B。7.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段,施一公认可了她的才能,并欢迎她。她在实验室多年的努力得到了回报。她对剪接体高清三维结构的研究取得了科学突破。可推知在万蕊雪成为生物学家的过程中,她的付出得到了认可。故选C。8.B 标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声,并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样,越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究,为社会作出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。所以“中国崛起的年轻科学家”适合作本文的标题。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent.In the world of digital technology,email,social networking and online video games,information is meant to be 1 .Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up.In this respect,new technologies have 2 our culture. The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 3 as we’ve known it.People have become so 4 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they’d rather not be.Today we can talk,text,email,chat and blog,not only from our 5 but from our mobile phones as well. Most developed nations have become 6 on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it,and at this point not 7 it would make them an outsider.Also,many jobs and careers require people to be 8 .From this point of view,technology has changed the culture of work.Being reachable might feel like a 9 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 10 wants puters can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off.The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many 11 ,as well as disadvantages.Travellers have ended up 12 on mountains,and mobile phones have saved countless lives.They can also make people feel 13 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 14 to unwanted texts. Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 15 across generations.Some find today’s technology a gift.Others consider it a curse.Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject,it’s hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements in technology. ( )1.A.updated B.receivedC.shared D.collected( )2.A.respected B.shapedC.ignored D.preserved( )3.A.edge B.stageC.end D.balance( )4.A.sensitive B.intelligentC.considerate D.reachable( )5.A.media B.computersC.databases D.monitors( )6.A.bent B.hardC.keen D.dependent( )7.A.finding B.usingC.protecting D.changing( )8.A.connected B.trainedC.recommended D.interested( )9.A.pleasure B.benefitC.burden D.disappointment( )10.A.slightly B.hardlyC.merely D.really( )11.A.aspects B.weaknessesC.advantages D.exceptions( )12.A.hidden B.lostC.relaxed D.deserted( )13.A.trapped B.excitedC.confused D.amused( )14.A.turn B.submitC.object D.reply( )15.A.vary B.ariseC.spread D.exist语篇导读:本文是议论文。独处理念在数字世界几乎不复存在,新技术把我们连接成了一个社会,并塑造了我们的文化。[文章脉络]In the digital world,solitude is almost non-existent.Solitude is hard for people to maintain in the world of networks and connections.Technology has changed the culture of work and being reachable may be unpleasant.However,solitude is still possible for those who want it.Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society differ among generations.答案及剖析:1.C 根据上一句“The concept of solitude (独处)in the digital world is almost non-existent.”可知,独处理念在数字世界几乎不存在,因此信息的意义在于分享(share)。故选C。2.B 根据下文“From this point of view,technology has changed the culture of work.”可知,新的技术塑造了(shaped)我们的文化。故选B。3.C 结合句中的“The desire to be connected”可知,联系的渴望使孤独走向尽头(end)。短语“bring...to an end”意为“使……结束”。故选C。4.D 根据句中的“connections that one can often be contacted even if they’d rather not be”可知,即使人们不想被联系,也会被联系到。所以网络使得联系变得触手可及(reachable)。故选D。5.B 结合句中的“we can talk,text,email,chat and blog”可知,我们可以通过电脑(computers)和手机进行聊天等功能。故选B。6.D 根据下文“From this point of view,technology has changed the culture of work.”可知,此处指多数发达国家对技术是依赖的(dependent)。故选D。7.B 结合句中的“it would make them an outsider”可知,此处指不使用(using)技术。故选B。8.A 结合上文“People have become so 4 in the world of networks”可知,此处指工作和职业把人们联系(connected)在一起。故选A。 9.C 根据句中的“those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times”可知,不想总是被联系的人被联系了,对他们而言就是一种负担(burden)。故选C。10.D 根据下文“Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off.”可知,此处指若真的想要独处是非常(really)有可能的。故选D。11.C 根据下文as well as disadvantages可知,此处指有许多优点(advantages)。故选C。12.B 结合句中的“on mountains,and mobile phones have saved countless lives”可知,此处指旅行者在山中迷路(lost)。故选B。13.A 结合句中的forced to answer unwanted calls可知,此处指手机也会使人感到被限制(trapped)了。故选A。14.D 根据前文“answer unwanted calls”及后文“to unwanted texts”可知,此处指回复(reply)不想回复的信息。故选D。15.A 结合下文“Some find today’s technology a gift.Others consider it a curse.”可知,不同代的人们的态度是不一样的(vary)。故选A。Ⅲ.写作训练假设你是学生会主席李华,想邀请外国交换生David下周一参加你校举办的“科技节”,并观赏学生们的科技发明。请用英语给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:1.活动时间和地点;2.活动目的和内容。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词语:科技节 Science and Technology Festival[写作指导]One possible version:Dear David,I’m glad to invite you to the Science and Technology Festival to be held in our school next Monday to enjoy the students’ scientific inventions.The Science and Technology Festival is scheduled to take place on the playground from 8:00 a.m.to 11:00 a.m.,lasting three hours.Its purpose is to encourage us students to think creatively as well as share our works with others.At this festival,you can enjoy various inventions which are of great use in our daily life.What’s more,some excellent student inventors will introduce the functions of their inventions and perform them on the spot,which I think will be the most exciting part.I would appreciate it if you could join in the coming Science and Technology Festival.Looking forward to your reply and your coming.Yours truly,Li Hua 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 UNIT 1 Part 2 - 学生版.docx UNIT 1 Part 2.docx