资源简介 素养测练(五) UNIT 3 Part 1Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Once you submit your paper,you can’t (撤回) it. 2.She weaved a (故事) of love and betrayal that left everyone in tears. 3.This movie tells a story about the emotional (纽带) between a father and a son. 4.Our school’s basketball team is preparing for the upcoming basketball (锦标赛). 5.Try to (扩展) your vocabulary as much as possible because it will be very helpful for your English learning. 6.After a period of internship,I have gained a deep understanding of the medical (行业). 答案:1.withdraw 2.tale 3.bond 4.tournament 5.extend 6.professionⅡ.语境填词1.We are working the command of the manager. 2.Extracurricular reading is the (extend) of Chinese classroom teaching. 3.The reason why the three girls become good friends is that they all have a passion painting. 4.You can take notes,but there is no need (write) down everything on the screen. 答案:1.under 2.extension 3.for 4.to writeⅢ.情境写作1.暑假一开始,我们就兴奋地起航去了岛上。(set sail)2.但愿我能做一些事情回报从他那里收到的善意。(in return for)3.近年来电子设备已经进入人们生活的几乎各个领域。(find its way)4.我们都认为她作为一名舞蹈家在那个时候独领风骚。(in a league of one’s own)答案:1.As soon as the summer vacation began,we all set sail for the island with excitement.2.I wish I could do something in return for the kindness I have received from him.3.In recent years,electronic equipment has found its way into almost every aspect of people’s life.4.We all hold the view that she,as a dancer at that time,was in a league of her own.Ⅰ.阅读理解AResearchers are using an underwater drone (无人机) to measure CO2 levels in the ocean.It is believed to be the first time such a vehicle has been used specifically to test CO2 levels.The vehicle,which the team also calls a glider (滑翔机),is designed to dive down to 1,000 metres in deep ocean areas and can operate for weeks at a time.The goal of the research is to provide scientists with data about how climate change is affecting the ocean’s chemistry.The self-swimming drone was deployed in the Gulf of Alaska in spring.The team says the project could be a major step forward in measuring the environmental health of oceans.Scientists are most interested in levels of ocean acidification (酸化).This happens when CO2 emissions in the atmosphere make their way into the ocean.Ocean acidification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.In a way,oceans have done humans a big favour by taking in some of CO2.If this were not the case,there would be much more CO2 in the atmosphere.This would trap more of the sun’s heat and further warm Earth.“But the problem now is that the ocean is changing its chemistry because of this uptake,” said team member Claudine Hauri.One of the best ways to measure ocean acidification is to collect CO2 measurements.Until now,these collections were mostly done from ships or with floating devices on the ocean surface or equipment on the ocean floor.McDonnell said his goal is to have a large number of similar robotic gliders operating in oceans across the world one day.“Such efforts will be important in helping scientists understand much more about what’s going on in the ocean than we have before,” he said.( )1.What is the purpose of scientists carrying out the project A.To fully use drones.B.To keep the ocean clean.C.To study in the deep ocean.D.To monitor the ocean’s chemistry.( )2.What would happen if the oceans didn’t absorb some CO2 A.Sea life would die out.B.Earth would be warmer.C.There would be more CO2 in the sea.D.Ocean acidification would occur regularly.( )3.What’s McDonnell’s attitude towards robotic gliders operating in oceans A.Optimistic. B.Critical.C.Doubtful. D.Negative.语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员检测海洋中二氧化碳的水平,这是评估海洋环境健康状况的重要一步。答案及剖析:1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知,科学家执行该项目是为了检测海洋中的化学成分,并提供气候变化影响海洋化学成分的数据。故选D。2.B 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,在某种程度上,海洋吸收了一些二氧化碳,给人类带来了巨大的好处,否则大气中会有更多的二氧化碳,这将加剧地球的温室效应。由此可知,如果没有海洋吸收部分二氧化碳,地球的温室效应将会加剧。故选B。3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,McDonnell认为机器人滑翔机在海洋中运行对科学家有帮助,所以McDonnell赞成机器人滑翔机在海洋中运行。故选A。BA robot created at Stanford University is diving down to shipwrecks (沉船) in a way that humans can’t do.Known as OceanOneK,the robot allows its operators to feel like they’re underwater explorers too.OceanOneK resembles (像) a human diver from the front,with arms,hands and eyes that capture the underwater world in full colour.The back of the robot has computers and eight multidirectional thrusters (推进器) that help it carefully explore the sites of fragile shipwrecks.When an operator on the ocean’s surface uses controls to direct OceanOneK,the robot’s touch-based feedback system causes the person to feel the water’s resistance.The idea for OceanOneK came from a desire to study coral reefs in the Red Sea at depths beyond the normal range for divers.While OceanOneK was designed to reach a maximum depth of 656 feet,researchers had a new goal:1 kilometre,hence the new name for OceanOneK.The researchers changed the robot’s body by using special foam to increase buoyancy (浮力) and fight the pressure of 1,000 metres,which is more than 100 times what humans experience at sea level.OceanOneK also got two new types of hands and increased arm and head motion.OceanOneK’s descent was a success.It dropped off a memorial plaque on the seabed that reads,“A robot’s first touch of the deep seafloor—A vast new world for humans to explore.” Khatib,a professor,called the experience an “incredible journey”.“This is the first time that a robot has been capable of going to such a depth,interacting with the environment,and permitting the human operator to feel that environment,” he said.( )4.What can we learn about OceanOneK A.Its eyes are colourful.B.It functions automatically.C.It looks like its operator from the front.D.It is remotely controlled to explore underwater.( )5.How does the author develop the third paragraph A.By listing data.B.By raising questions.C.By reasoning and analysing data.D.By presenting an argument.( )6.What does the underlined word “descent” mean in the last paragraph A.Successful operation.B.Deep diving.C.Pressure resistance.D.Flexible exploration.( )7.What is a suitable title for the text A.A Creative ExplorerB.The Ambitious ExplorationC.A Self-Driven Seeker—A RobotD.A Deep-Sea Explorer—OceanOneK语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一款深海探测机器人。答案及剖析:4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句以及第二段内容可知,OceanOneK是被人远程控制的,可以在水下进行探测。故选D。5.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“While OceanOneK was designed to...what humans experience at sea level.”可知,第三段是通过列数据来展开的。故选A。6.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容可知,OceanOneK在海床上留下了一块纪念牌,上面写着:“机器人第一次触摸深海——一个供人类探索的广阔新世界。”由此可知,机器人OceanOneK成功潜入深海。故可推知,descent与“deep diving”意思接近。故选B。7.D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一款能进行深海探测的机器人OceanOneK。D项符合题意,故选D。CThey’re life-jacket orange,they’re robots and they’re capable of sailing the high seas without human intervention.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched a pair of saildrones (海洋无人机) in Pacific Northwest waters.Their summer-long sailing journey will stretch from Vancouver Island to California.The saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons.The government wants to see whether seagoing robots can extend fishery surveys performed by expensive manned ships.Nora Cohen from NOAA said,“The 23-foot long seagoing robots can follow a remotely-programmed course for up to a year at a time.And they don’t require any fuel.We use wind and solar power to drive the sensors.”He added,“It means that we’re able to go to places where we don’t really want to send people,and go into weather that we really don’t want anyone ever to be in,while still being able to send back measurements.”The primary mission is to investigate the species and number of fish in existence and the places where they are.Larry Hufnagle,a scientist of NOAA Fisheries in Seattle,said a traditional big NOAA research ship-based survey costs around $25,000 per day.By comparison,one saildrone runs $2,500 per day.“It could be a significant saving,”Hufnagle said.“But like anything else,there is a tradeoff in what you get and what you don’t get.On the manned ship,we have limited time.It takes a lot of people.We spend a fair amount of money.But there is one thing the saildrone can’t do that humans can:Cast a net to catch and positively identify the fish detected below.The saildrones are going to give us additional data,not replacement data.”Nora Cohen said a venture capital-backed company based in Alameda,California,expects to launch more seagoing robots to survey different water bodies for NOAA.The Bering and Arctic seas,coastal California and Gulf of Mexico will be the locations of additional missions.( )8.What is the purpose of collecting fish data A.To explore the ocean.B.To assist fishing industry.C.To learn the habits of fish.D.To improve fishing skills.( )9.What is mainly discussed about the saildrone in Paragraph 3 A.Its advantages.B.Its appearance.C.Its power systems.D.Its primary mission.( )10.What does the underlined word “tradeoff” in Paragraph 5 probably mean A.Debate. B.Reason.C.Reality. D.Balance.( )11.What can be inferred from the text A.The saildrone has a promising future.B.Hufnagle thinks little of the saildrone.C.Manned ships will be completely replaced.D.Production of seagoing robots is restricted.语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要说明了海洋无人机给人类带来的影响。答案及剖析:8.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,海洋无人机操作员将收集数据以帮助确定未来的捕鱼季节。故选B。9.A 段落大意题。通读第三段可知,海洋无人机可以进行远程程序控制,每次航行时间长达一年。海洋无人机不需要任何燃料,同时还可以发回测量数据。由此可知,本段主要介绍的是海洋无人机的优势。故选A。10.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知,虽然与海洋无人机相比,有人驾驶的船只进行的渔业调查时长有限,且会花费大量的人力和财力,但是人类驾驶的船只却能做到海洋无人机做不到的一点:撒网捕捉,并主动识别检测到的鱼。由此可知,海洋无人机有利也有弊,这实则是一种平衡。故选D。11.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,预计将有更多海洋无人机执行任务,为NOAA勘测不同的水域。白令海、北冰洋、加利福尼亚海岸和墨西哥湾将是其任务地点。据此可以推断出海洋无人机的前景是光明的。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五Oceans are an appealing target for renewable energy production.Waves produce 32,000 terawatt-hours of natural energy per year—for reference,the entire world uses around 23,000 terawatt-hours every year.The advantages of wave power are clear.1. Turbines (涡轮机) produce electricity through the power of waves,making it a completely pollution-free,renewable energy source.And the amount of kinetic energy in a wave is so huge that energy is used to produce electricity.There is also a lot of potential because many countries have access to an ocean that can help power their electric systems.Also,waves are hardly interrupted and almost always in movement.2. But the disadvantages of wave energy are serious too.Building factories or electrical wires directly on the beach might prove challenging.3. Local fishing zones could be affected or the factories could lead to more coastal erosion (腐蚀).High cost is a problem too.Wave power is a rising energy technology in the early stages of development,so calculating the costs is difficult.4. Because constant movement can lead to more breaking,wave energy factories will most likely need regular and costly maintenance. 5. For many ocean-bordering countries,wave energy will be a great addition to the renewable energy mix.The bottom line is that wave power has enormous global potential.However,the industry needs more funding and research to finalise the technology involved so that countries can begin adding wave energy to their renewable energy source. A.Wave energy still needs to be explored.B.They are not affordable to many countries.C.Despite the challenges,there is a future of wave energy.D.Wave energy does not give off greenhouse gases when produced.E.They can cause damage to sea life and the surrounding ecosystems.F.Maintenance for the factories in moving saltwater is very expensive.G.This makes electricity from wave energy a more reliable energy source.语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了波浪发电的优势、缺点以及发展前景。答案及剖析:1.D 根据上文“The advantages of wave power are clear.”可知,本句承接上文,具体说明波浪能的环保优势:不会释放温室气体。D项符合语境。故选D。2.G 根据上文可知,上文提到波浪几乎不会中断,总是在运动。本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文说明其结果:这使得波浪能发电成为更稳定的能源。G项符合语境。故选G。3.E 根据上文可知,上文提到直接在海滩上建造工厂或搭建电线可能很难,本句承接上文,具体说明建造工厂或搭建电线的危害:会对海洋生物和周围的生态系统造成损害。E项符合语境。故选E。4.F 根据上下文可知,本句主要说明工厂的维护成本十分昂贵这一问题。F项符合语境。故选F。5.C 根据下文可知,波浪能在全球范围内具有巨大的潜力,说明波浪能尽管存在挑战,但在未来仍具有发展的可能性。C项符合语境。故选C。Ⅲ.语法填空Chinese scientists have developed a kind of plastic that degrades in sea water and could help slow down the 1. (increase) serious plastic pollution in the ocean. The new plastic can degrade in sea water over a period ranging from a few days to several hundred days,2. (leave) small parts that cause no pollution,said Wang Gexia,3. is a senior engineer. For a long time,people focused 4. white pollution on land.Plastic pollution in the sea only caught people’s attention when more and more 5. (report) about marine animals dying from it appeared in recent years. Scientists combined water dissolution and biodegradation processes 6. (design) and invent 7. new plastic. The research 8. (select) as one of the winning projects at a contest.The contest encouraged young Chinese scientists to develop groundbreaking technologies and was intended to inspire creativity. China has given top attention to 9. (environment) protection,contributing Chinese wisdom to 10. (resolve) global pollution problems. 语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了中国科学家研制出的一种新塑料,它能缓解海洋中日益严重的塑料污染问题。答案及剖析:1.increasingly 考查副词。空后为形容词serious,空处应用副词,作状语。故填increasingly。2.leaving 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语,此处应为非谓语动词。此处表示自然而然的结果,所以使用现在分词。故填leaving。3.who 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Wang Gexia,指人,空处在从句中作主语。故填who。4.on 考查介词。短语“focus on”为固定搭配,表示“把注意力集中于”。故填on。5.reports 考查名词。report为可数名词,结合“more and more+可数名词复数”表示“越来越多的……”可知,此处应用复数形式。故填reports。6.to design 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,科学家们将水的溶解和生物降解过程结合起来设计并发明了这种新塑料。此处用动词不定式表目的,故填to design。7.the 考查冠词。这里表示特指,指的是上文提到的科学家发明的一种新塑料,应用定冠词。故填the。8.was selected 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据后文的encouraged可知,这里讲的是过去的事情,时态应用一般过去时。主语与谓语构成动宾关系,故用被动语态。又因为主语是“The research”,因此be动词用was。故填was selected。9.environmental 考查形容词。protection为名词,应用形容词修饰,作定语。故填environmental。10.resolving 考查非谓语动词。“contribute...to...”表示“把……贡献给……”,其中to为介词,其后应用动名词形式。故填resolving。素养测练(五) UNIT 3 Part 1Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Once you submit your paper,you can’t (撤回) it. 2.She weaved a (故事) of love and betrayal that left everyone in tears. 3.This movie tells a story about the emotional (纽带) between a father and a son. 4.Our school’s basketball team is preparing for the upcoming basketball (锦标赛). 5.Try to (扩展) your vocabulary as much as possible because it will be very helpful for your English learning. 6.After a period of internship,I have gained a deep understanding of the medical (行业). Ⅱ.语境填词1.We are working the command of the manager. 2.Extracurricular reading is the (extend) of Chinese classroom teaching. 3.The reason why the three girls become good friends is that they all have a passion painting. 4.You can take notes,but there is no need (write) down everything on the screen. Ⅲ.情境写作1.暑假一开始,我们就兴奋地起航去了岛上。(set sail)2.但愿我能做一些事情回报从他那里收到的善意。(in return for)3.近年来电子设备已经进入人们生活的几乎各个领域。(find its way)4.我们都认为她作为一名舞蹈家在那个时候独领风骚。(in a league of one’s own)Ⅰ.阅读理解AResearchers are using an underwater drone (无人机) to measure CO2 levels in the ocean.It is believed to be the first time such a vehicle has been used specifically to test CO2 levels.The vehicle,which the team also calls a glider (滑翔机),is designed to dive down to 1,000 metres in deep ocean areas and can operate for weeks at a time.The goal of the research is to provide scientists with data about how climate change is affecting the ocean’s chemistry.The self-swimming drone was deployed in the Gulf of Alaska in spring.The team says the project could be a major step forward in measuring the environmental health of oceans.Scientists are most interested in levels of ocean acidification (酸化).This happens when CO2 emissions in the atmosphere make their way into the ocean.Ocean acidification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.In a way,oceans have done humans a big favour by taking in some of CO2.If this were not the case,there would be much more CO2 in the atmosphere.This would trap more of the sun’s heat and further warm Earth.“But the problem now is that the ocean is changing its chemistry because of this uptake,” said team member Claudine Hauri.One of the best ways to measure ocean acidification is to collect CO2 measurements.Until now,these collections were mostly done from ships or with floating devices on the ocean surface or equipment on the ocean floor.McDonnell said his goal is to have a large number of similar robotic gliders operating in oceans across the world one day.“Such efforts will be important in helping scientists understand much more about what’s going on in the ocean than we have before,” he said.( )1.What is the purpose of scientists carrying out the project A.To fully use drones.B.To keep the ocean clean.C.To study in the deep ocean.D.To monitor the ocean’s chemistry.( )2.What would happen if the oceans didn’t absorb some CO2 A.Sea life would die out.B.Earth would be warmer.C.There would be more CO2 in the sea.D.Ocean acidification would occur regularly.( )3.What’s McDonnell’s attitude towards robotic gliders operating in oceans A.Optimistic. B.Critical.C.Doubtful. D.Negative.BA robot created at Stanford University is diving down to shipwrecks (沉船) in a way that humans can’t do.Known as OceanOneK,the robot allows its operators to feel like they’re underwater explorers too.OceanOneK resembles (像) a human diver from the front,with arms,hands and eyes that capture the underwater world in full colour.The back of the robot has computers and eight multidirectional thrusters (推进器) that help it carefully explore the sites of fragile shipwrecks.When an operator on the ocean’s surface uses controls to direct OceanOneK,the robot’s touch-based feedback system causes the person to feel the water’s resistance.The idea for OceanOneK came from a desire to study coral reefs in the Red Sea at depths beyond the normal range for divers.While OceanOneK was designed to reach a maximum depth of 656 feet,researchers had a new goal:1 kilometre,hence the new name for OceanOneK.The researchers changed the robot’s body by using special foam to increase buoyancy (浮力) and fight the pressure of 1,000 metres,which is more than 100 times what humans experience at sea level.OceanOneK also got two new types of hands and increased arm and head motion.OceanOneK’s descent was a success.It dropped off a memorial plaque on the seabed that reads,“A robot’s first touch of the deep seafloor—A vast new world for humans to explore.” Khatib,a professor,called the experience an “incredible journey”.“This is the first time that a robot has been capable of going to such a depth,interacting with the environment,and permitting the human operator to feel that environment,” he said.( )4.What can we learn about OceanOneK A.Its eyes are colourful.B.It functions automatically.C.It looks like its operator from the front.D.It is remotely controlled to explore underwater.( )5.How does the author develop the third paragraph A.By listing data.B.By raising questions.C.By reasoning and analysing data.D.By presenting an argument.( )6.What does the underlined word “descent” mean in the last paragraph A.Successful operation.B.Deep diving.C.Pressure resistance.D.Flexible exploration.( )7.What is a suitable title for the text A.A Creative ExplorerB.The Ambitious ExplorationC.A Self-Driven Seeker—A RobotD.A Deep-Sea Explorer—OceanOneKCThey’re life-jacket orange,they’re robots and they’re capable of sailing the high seas without human intervention.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched a pair of saildrones (海洋无人机) in Pacific Northwest waters.Their summer-long sailing journey will stretch from Vancouver Island to California.The saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons.The government wants to see whether seagoing robots can extend fishery surveys performed by expensive manned ships.Nora Cohen from NOAA said,“The 23-foot long seagoing robots can follow a remotely-programmed course for up to a year at a time.And they don’t require any fuel.We use wind and solar power to drive the sensors.”He added,“It means that we’re able to go to places where we don’t really want to send people,and go into weather that we really don’t want anyone ever to be in,while still being able to send back measurements.”The primary mission is to investigate the species and number of fish in existence and the places where they are.Larry Hufnagle,a scientist of NOAA Fisheries in Seattle,said a traditional big NOAA research ship-based survey costs around $25,000 per day.By comparison,one saildrone runs $2,500 per day.“It could be a significant saving,”Hufnagle said.“But like anything else,there is a tradeoff in what you get and what you don’t get.On the manned ship,we have limited time.It takes a lot of people.We spend a fair amount of money.But there is one thing the saildrone can’t do that humans can:Cast a net to catch and positively identify the fish detected below.The saildrones are going to give us additional data,not replacement data.”Nora Cohen said a venture capital-backed company based in Alameda,California,expects to launch more seagoing robots to survey different water bodies for NOAA.The Bering and Arctic seas,coastal California and Gulf of Mexico will be the locations of additional missions.( )8.What is the purpose of collecting fish data A.To explore the ocean.B.To assist fishing industry.C.To learn the habits of fish.D.To improve fishing skills.( )9.What is mainly discussed about the saildrone in Paragraph 3 A.Its advantages.B.Its appearance.C.Its power systems.D.Its primary mission.( )10.What does the underlined word “tradeoff” in Paragraph 5 probably mean A.Debate. B.Reason.C.Reality. D.Balance.( )11.What can be inferred from the text A.The saildrone has a promising future.B.Hufnagle thinks little of the saildrone.C.Manned ships will be completely replaced.D.Production of seagoing robots is restricted.Ⅱ.七选五Oceans are an appealing target for renewable energy production.Waves produce 32,000 terawatt-hours of natural energy per year—for reference,the entire world uses around 23,000 terawatt-hours every year.The advantages of wave power are clear.1. Turbines (涡轮机) produce electricity through the power of waves,making it a completely pollution-free,renewable energy source.And the amount of kinetic energy in a wave is so huge that energy is used to produce electricity.There is also a lot of potential because many countries have access to an ocean that can help power their electric systems.Also,waves are hardly interrupted and almost always in movement.2. But the disadvantages of wave energy are serious too.Building factories or electrical wires directly on the beach might prove challenging.3. Local fishing zones could be affected or the factories could lead to more coastal erosion (腐蚀).High cost is a problem too.Wave power is a rising energy technology in the early stages of development,so calculating the costs is difficult.4. Because constant movement can lead to more breaking,wave energy factories will most likely need regular and costly maintenance. 5. For many ocean-bordering countries,wave energy will be a great addition to the renewable energy mix.The bottom line is that wave power has enormous global potential.However,the industry needs more funding and research to finalise the technology involved so that countries can begin adding wave energy to their renewable energy source. A.Wave energy still needs to be explored.B.They are not affordable to many countries.C.Despite the challenges,there is a future of wave energy.D.Wave energy does not give off greenhouse gases when produced.E.They can cause damage to sea life and the surrounding ecosystems.F.Maintenance for the factories in moving saltwater is very expensive.G.This makes electricity from wave energy a more reliable energy source.Ⅲ.语法填空Chinese scientists have developed a kind of plastic that degrades in sea water and could help slow down the 1. (increase) serious plastic pollution in the ocean. The new plastic can degrade in sea water over a period ranging from a few days to several hundred days,2. (leave) small parts that cause no pollution,said Wang Gexia,3. is a senior engineer. For a long time,people focused 4. white pollution on land.Plastic pollution in the sea only caught people’s attention when more and more 5. (report) about marine animals dying from it appeared in recent years. Scientists combined water dissolution and biodegradation processes 6. (design) and invent 7. new plastic. The research 8. (select) as one of the winning projects at a contest.The contest encouraged young Chinese scientists to develop groundbreaking technologies and was intended to inspire creativity. China has given top attention to 9. (environment) protection,contributing Chinese wisdom to 10. (resolve) global pollution problems. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 UNIT 3 Part 1 - 学生版.docx UNIT 3 Part 1.docx