资源简介

素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.　　　　(最近),we organised an outdoor team-building activity and had a great time.
2.My friend and I are members of a band,and we often practise and 　　　　(调音) our instruments together,enjoying the joy brought by music.
3.When someone chooses a university major,an important 　　　　(标准) is one’s interest.
4.To join the school basketball team,I signed an athlete 　　　　(合同) agreeing to follow all the team rules.
5.After careful consideration,the parents 　　　　(同意了) their child’s permission to take part in the risky outdoor adventure activity.
答案:1.Lately　2.tune　3.criterion　4.contract　5.granted
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.Our policies are in tune 　　　　 the needs and aspirations of the people.
2.What is the most significant message that you want to relay 　　　　 your readers
3.I hope we can find a solution to this issue through the 　　　　 (consult) process.
4.In class,teachers often remind us to cherish learning opportunities and not to take knowledge
　　　　 granted.
5.When choosing partners for study groups,students should consider 　　　　(criterion) such as communication skills,responsibility,and team spirit among each other.
答案:1.with　2.to　3.consultation　4.for　5.criteria
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.我们想当然地认为地球可以给我们提供无穷无尽的自然资源。[take (...) for granted]
2.学生在课堂上将老师的问题转达给了全班,以便大家都能思考并回答。(relay to)
3.玛丽的父母以前不同意她出国留学,但现在改变了态度。(sing a different tune)
4.一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴,而且能使他人感到愉快。(not only...but also...)
答案:1.We take it for granted that Earth can provide us with limitless natural resources.
2.The student relayed the teacher’s question to the whole class so that everyone could think and answer it.
3.Mary’s parents used to disapprove of her going abroad for further study,but now they sing a different tune.
4.Not only can a brilliant smile make ourselves happy,but it also enables others to feel delighted.
Ⅳ.写出下列句子中画线短语的类型及其句法功能
1.The professor and writer is often invited to many universities to deliver lectures.
2.Whatever difficulties we run into,we should manage to keep ourselves in a good state of mind.
3.Her experiences made her sensitive to other people’s criticism.
4.What she was not aware of was that she was trembling.
5.After years of overwork,his health broke down and he had to retire.
答案:1.名词短语(NP);作主语
2.介词短语(PrepP);作宾语补足语
3.形容词短语(AdjP);作宾语补足语
4.形容词短语(AdjP);作表语
5.动词短语(VP);作谓语
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Ling was a Chinese girl who had always been fascinated by the culture and people of Africa.She had grown up reading books about the continent and watching documentaries about the wildlife and the people that lived there.Therefore,when she graduated from college,she decided to take a gap year and volunteer in Africa.
She arrived in a small village in Kenya,where she was greeted by a group of friendly locals who showed her around and introduced her to the other volunteers.Ling was excited to start her work,but she quickly realised that it was going to be much harder than she had expected.
The village was poor and lacked basic necessities like clean water and electricity.The people were struggling to make ends meet,and Ling knew that she had to do something to help.She started by teaching English to the children in the village,who were eager to learn and improve their communication skills.
Ling also worked with the local women,teaching them how to sew and make handicrafts that they could sell in the market.She helped them set up a small business,and soon they made enough money to support their families.
But Ling’s work was not without its challenges.She had to deal with cultural differences and language barriers,and she often found herself feeling frustrated and overwhelmed.However,she persevered,knowing that her work was making a difference to the lives of the people she was helping.
As time went on,Ling became more and more involved in the community.She helped to build a well that provided clean water to the village,and she organised a fundraiser to buy solar panels that would bring electricity to the area.
Ling’s work in Africa was not easy,but it was incredibly rewarding.She had made a difference to the lives of the people she had met,and she had learned so much about herself and the world around her.As she prepared to leave the village and return home,Ling knew that she would never forget the experiences she had had in Africa,and she hoped that she had inspired others to follow in her footsteps and make a difference to the world.
(　　)1.What made Ling decide to make a difference to African people
A.Their poverty.
B.Their lifestyle and tradition.
C.Their rich culture and life.
D.Their eagerness to learn.
(　　)2.How did Ling help the local women
A.By teaching them English.
B.By helping them develop healthy habits.
C.By selling them handicrafts.
D.By helping them become breadwinners.
(　　)3.What encouraged Ling to rise to the challenges
A.The awareness that she could create change.
B.The kindness that the locals showed to her.
C.The realisation that she would never return.
D.The support that came from her loved ones.
(　　)4.What was Ling’s hope as she was going to leave Africa
A.She could return to Africa ten years later.
B.More people would follow her lead.
C.The village could get rid of poverty.
D.She could promote local attractions.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ling利用大学毕业后的间隔年在非洲当志愿者的故事。
答案及剖析:
1.A　细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知,Ling来到非洲后发现当地非常贫穷,连一些基本必需品都没有,因此她决定为非洲人民带来改变。故选A。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,Ling教当地的妇女缝纫和制作手工艺品,让她们能够挣钱养家,breadwinner意为“挣钱养家的人”。故选D。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知,她能够为当地人带来改变这一认知激励了Ling迎接挑战。故选A。
4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“she hoped that she had inspired...to the world”可知,在她即将离开非洲的时候,Ling希望更多的人能够跟随她的脚步,给世界带来一些影响。故选B。
B
Throwing a rock into a calm body of water creates a ripple (波纹;涟漪) effect across the calm water,until those ripples reach the edge of the water.It also explains how our actions affect other people.When we show love and kindness to others,the powerful effect of our actions spreads out further.The same goes for dislike or anger.It is important that we should begin being more thoughtful about our actions and words.
Love can reach so many different people,making it a powerful force in the world.Anger has the same effect.The world would be a better place if we learn to love and show kindness to others.We can’t always control what others do,but we have power over our actions and contribute our own ripples into the world.
We don’t always know the effect that our actions have on others.There will be times when you are angry.Some people may feel a sense of short-lived relief when they throw a rock of anger into the world,but that feeling usually changes into shame and anger towards oneself eventually.Anger hurts yourself and the world in the meanwhile.I suggest walking away for a while when you feel angry.Spreading love and kindness not only has positive effects on others but also on ourselves.You get to enjoy it,and the people around you can enjoy it too.Personally,I feel my best when I help others and I feel my worst when I’ve made someone upset.When we put kindness into the world,we’ll feel thankfulness,sympathy,and understanding.Let my kindness guide my decisions and this allows love and connection to ripple out into the world.
It’s important that we take care of ourselves when we show love and kindness for others.When we love ourselves,we’re then able to love others.And when we let this love and kindness guide our decisions,the world will become more beautiful.
(　　)5.For what reason does the author mention the experience of throwing a rock into the water
A.To introduce the topic of this text.
B.To see how ripples spread in water.
C.To teach us how to make big ripples.
D.To share the very interesting experience.
(　　)6.Why does the author advise you to walk away for a while when you are angry
A.To find a place to think over what has happened.
B.To talk about your problems with someone else.
C.To stop those ripples of anger from spreading.
D.To avoid seeing the person making you angry.
(　　)7.How is the third paragraph mainly developed
A.By referring to a theory.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By giving some examples.
D.By analysing cause and effect.
(　　)8.What is the passage mainly about
A.Dislike usually leads to shame and anger in the end.
B.Anger has a similar effect on our actions to kindness.
C.Kindness or anger ripples out to other people nearby.
D.Love and kindness make the world much more beautiful.
语篇导读:本文是议论文。文章主要陈述了爱和善意会让这个世界变得更加美好。
答案及剖析:
5.A　推理判断题。根据第一段的第二至第四句可知,作者通过向水里扔石子激起涟漪的例子说明我们的行为也会影响他人。由此可推知,此处所举例子是为了引出本文的话题。故选A。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第一段的第三、第四句和第三段的第四、第五句可推知,作者建议你在生气的时候走开是为了阻止愤怒扩散。故选C。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段的第三、第四句和最后三句可知,本段对比了传播愤怒和传播善意对自身和世界的影响,由此可推知,第三段主要是通过对比的方式展开的。故选B。
8.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其根据第二段的第三句、第三段的最后两句以及最后一段可知,文章主要陈述了爱和善意会让这个世界变得更加美好。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Volunteering has been a way of life for me for the past few years since I was fifteen.In 2020 I volunteered with a newly founded social enterprise,which 　1　 cooking lessons for visually impaired (视障) trainee 　2　 at the Enabling Village kitchen.I absolutely loved it as it involved meaningful 　3　 with people and I was fully 　4　 throughout the entire time I was there.This was unlike some other types of volunteering,which may involve mostly behind-the-scenes work that can get 　5　 after a while.
We called ourselves “sighted assistants” and each of us was 　6　 with a visually impaired trainee chef.As a volunteer,I would 　7　 with the trainee to the Enabling Village kitchen,and then ensure their 　8　 as they learnt to cook a new dish.This included helping them 　9　 the position of the sink,peel off (剥掉) eggshells completely,　10　 boiling and hot objects,as well as be careful with knives among other things.
Being there with them made me truly 　11　 how difficult life can be when you are
　12　 or completely blind.Every tiny task 　13　 massive effort.There are so many people with disabilities,I realised.While medicine still does not have the power to 　14　 all of these diseases,we are never short of ways to empower these individuals by making life 　15　 and more meaningful for them.
(　　)1.A.observed B.served
C.trained D.provided
(　　)2.A.managers B.lawyers
C.chefs D.doctors
(　　)3.A.atmospheres B.interactions
C.greetings D.agreements
(　　)4.A.appreciated B.engaged
C.approved D.disturbed
(　　)5.A.boring B.frightening
C.challenging D.promising
(　　)6.A.paired B.taught
C.faced D.equipped
(　　)7.A.flee B.dash
C.escape D.walk
(　　)8.A.satisfaction B.safety
C.pleasure D.optimism
(　　)9.A.leave out B.miss out
C.figure out D.point out
(　　)10.A.avoid B.touch
C.approach D.feel
(　　)11.A.predict B.wish
C.appreciate D.assess
(　　)12.A.totally B.partly
C.frequently D.initially
(　　)13.A.promotes B.prohibits
C.requires D.offers
(　　)14.A.cure B.hide
C.preserve D.increase
(　　)15.A.luckier B.tougher
C.softer D.easier
语篇导读:本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者通过帮助视障见习厨师烹饪,感悟出了一些人生哲理。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
1.D　根据下文“for visually impaired (视障) trainee 　2　”可知,此处表示为视障见习厨师提供(provided)教学服务。故选D。
2.C　根据下文“at the Enabling Village kitchen”可知,在厨房应是为厨师(chefs)提供课程。故选C。
3.B　根据下文“with people”可知,此处表示和人们的互动和交流(interactions)。故选B。
4.B　根据下文“throughout the entire time I was there”可知,作者在整个过程中应是全情投入的,engaged符合语境。故选B。
5.A　根据上文“This was unlike...behind-the-scenes work”并结合常识可知,幕后工作应是有些枯燥和无聊的(boring)。故选A。
6.A　根据上文“We called ourselves ‘sighted assistants’”可知,作者作为助手,应是为视障见习厨师提供帮助,即每个人匹配(paired)一名厨师。故选A。
7.D　根据下文“with the trainee to the Enabling Village kitchen”可知,此处指作者“陪见习厨师走(walk)到厨房”,以便能够及时提供帮助。故选D。
8.B　根据下文“as they learnt to cook a new dish”可知,视障见习厨师烹饪新菜时会遇到很多问题,志愿者需要陪在身边确保他们的安全(safety)。故选B。
9.C　根据下文“the position of the sink”可知,此处指“帮助他们找到(figure out)水槽的位置,便于使用”。故选C。
10.A　根据下文“boiling and hot objects”及常识可知,此处指“让他们避免(avoid)接触煮沸的和温度高的物体”。故选A。
11.C　根据下文“how difficult life can be when you are 　12　 or completely blind”可知,作者通过做志愿者,亲身感受到视障人士的不易,体会(appreciate)到了他们生活的艰难。故选C。
12.B　根据下文“or completely blind”可知,表示选择关系的连接词or连接前后两个词,并表示递进关系。故选B。
13.C　根据上文可知,失明使得生活不易,因此生活中的每一个小任务都需要(requires)巨大的努力。故选C。
14.A　根据上文“While medicine still does not have the power”可知,医学是用来治愈(cure)疾病的。故选A。
15.D　根据下文“and more meaningful for them”可知,此处表示的含义导向与meaningful应该是一致的,形容生活,应用“更容易(easier)”。故选D。
Ⅲ.写作训练
　　假设你是李华,你校正在举行以“Sharing”为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你结合一个事例用英语写一篇演讲稿,谈谈你对“分享”的看法。要点如下:
1.谈谈有关“分享”的一个事例;
2.你的感悟。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
　　Good morning,everyone!I feel greatly privileged to be here and share something with you.
I still remember how upset I was after the midterm examination in Senior Two.I got the lowest marks,which broke my heart.At that time,my best friend Jane shared her motto with me,“There is always a road ahead.”Amazingly,my heart was filled with warmth I had never sensed before.Sharing is part of beauty.Just as a proverb goes,“Shared joy is a double joy;shared sorrow is half a sorrow.”As for me,by sharing,I live a happier and more confident life.
Thank you for your listening!素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.　　　　(最近),we organised an outdoor team-building activity and had a great time.
2.My friend and I are members of a band,and we often practise and 　　　　(调音) our instruments together,enjoying the joy brought by music.
3.When someone chooses a university major,an important 　　　　(标准) is one’s interest.
4.To join the school basketball team,I signed an athlete 　　　　(合同) agreeing to follow all the team rules.
5.After careful consideration,the parents 　　　　(同意了) their child’s permission to take part in the risky outdoor adventure activity.
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.Our policies are in tune 　　　　 the needs and aspirations of the people.
2.What is the most significant message that you want to relay 　　　　 your readers
3.I hope we can find a solution to this issue through the 　　　　 (consult) process.
4.In class,teachers often remind us to cherish learning opportunities and not to take knowledge
　　　　 granted.
5.When choosing partners for study groups,students should consider 　　　　(criterion) such as communication skills,responsibility,and team spirit among each other.
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.我们想当然地认为地球可以给我们提供无穷无尽的自然资源。[take (...) for granted]
2.学生在课堂上将老师的问题转达给了全班,以便大家都能思考并回答。(relay to)
3.玛丽的父母以前不同意她出国留学,但现在改变了态度。(sing a different tune)
4.一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴,而且能使他人感到愉快。(not only...but also...)
Ⅳ.写出下列句子中画线短语的类型及其句法功能
1.The professor and writer is often invited to many universities to deliver lectures.
2.Whatever difficulties we run into,we should manage to keep ourselves in a good state of mind.
3.Her experiences made her sensitive to other people’s criticism.
4.What she was not aware of was that she was trembling.
5.After years of overwork,his health broke down and he had to retire.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Ling was a Chinese girl who had always been fascinated by the culture and people of Africa.She had grown up reading books about the continent and watching documentaries about the wildlife and the people that lived there.Therefore,when she graduated from college,she decided to take a gap year and volunteer in Africa.
She arrived in a small village in Kenya,where she was greeted by a group of friendly locals who showed her around and introduced her to the other volunteers.Ling was excited to start her work,but she quickly realised that it was going to be much harder than she had expected.
The village was poor and lacked basic necessities like clean water and electricity.The people were struggling to make ends meet,and Ling knew that she had to do something to help.She started by teaching English to the children in the village,who were eager to learn and improve their communication skills.
Ling also worked with the local women,teaching them how to sew and make handicrafts that they could sell in the market.She helped them set up a small business,and soon they made enough money to support their families.
But Ling’s work was not without its challenges.She had to deal with cultural differences and language barriers,and she often found herself feeling frustrated and overwhelmed.However,she persevered,knowing that her work was making a difference to the lives of the people she was helping.
As time went on,Ling became more and more involved in the community.She helped to build a well that provided clean water to the village,and she organised a fundraiser to buy solar panels that would bring electricity to the area.
Ling’s work in Africa was not easy,but it was incredibly rewarding.She had made a difference to the lives of the people she had met,and she had learned so much about herself and the world around her.As she prepared to leave the village and return home,Ling knew that she would never forget the experiences she had had in Africa,and she hoped that she had inspired others to follow in her footsteps and make a difference to the world.
(　　)1.What made Ling decide to make a difference to African people
A.Their poverty.
B.Their lifestyle and tradition.
C.Their rich culture and life.
D.Their eagerness to learn.
(　　)2.How did Ling help the local women
A.By teaching them English.
B.By helping them develop healthy habits.
C.By selling them handicrafts.
D.By helping them become breadwinners.
(　　)3.What encouraged Ling to rise to the challenges
A.The awareness that she could create change.
B.The kindness that the locals showed to her.
C.The realisation that she would never return.
D.The support that came from her loved ones.
(　　)4.What was Ling’s hope as she was going to leave Africa
A.She could return to Africa ten years later.
B.More people would follow her lead.
C.The village could get rid of poverty.
D.She could promote local attractions.
B
Throwing a rock into a calm body of water creates a ripple (波纹;涟漪) effect across the calm water,until those ripples reach the edge of the water.It also explains how our actions affect other people.When we show love and kindness to others,the powerful effect of our actions spreads out further.The same goes for dislike or anger.It is important that we should begin being more thoughtful about our actions and words.
Love can reach so many different people,making it a powerful force in the world.Anger has the same effect.The world would be a better place if we learn to love and show kindness to others.We can’t always control what others do,but we have power over our actions and contribute our own ripples into the world.
We don’t always know the effect that our actions have on others.There will be times when you are angry.Some people may feel a sense of short-lived relief when they throw a rock of anger into the world,but that feeling usually changes into shame and anger towards oneself eventually.Anger hurts yourself and the world in the meanwhile.I suggest walking away for a while when you feel angry.Spreading love and kindness not only has positive effects on others but also on ourselves.You get to enjoy it,and the people around you can enjoy it too.Personally,I feel my best when I help others and I feel my worst when I’ve made someone upset.When we put kindness into the world,we’ll feel thankfulness,sympathy,and understanding.Let my kindness guide my decisions and this allows love and connection to ripple out into the world.
It’s important that we take care of ourselves when we show love and kindness for others.When we love ourselves,we’re then able to love others.And when we let this love and kindness guide our decisions,the world will become more beautiful.
(　　)5.For what reason does the author mention the experience of throwing a rock into the water
A.To introduce the topic of this text.
B.To see how ripples spread in water.
C.To teach us how to make big ripples.
D.To share the very interesting experience.
(　　)6.Why does the author advise you to walk away for a while when you are angry
A.To find a place to think over what has happened.
B.To talk about your problems with someone else.
C.To stop those ripples of anger from spreading.
D.To avoid seeing the person making you angry.
(　　)7.How is the third paragraph mainly developed
A.By referring to a theory.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By giving some examples.
D.By analysing cause and effect.
(　　)8.What is the passage mainly about
A.Dislike usually leads to shame and anger in the end.
B.Anger has a similar effect on our actions to kindness.
C.Kindness or anger ripples out to other people nearby.
D.Love and kindness make the world much more beautiful.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Volunteering has been a way of life for me for the past few years since I was fifteen.In 2020 I volunteered with a newly founded social enterprise,which 　1　 cooking lessons for visually impaired (视障) trainee 　2　 at the Enabling Village kitchen.I absolutely loved it as it involved meaningful 　3　 with people and I was fully 　4　 throughout the entire time I was there.This was unlike some other types of volunteering,which may involve mostly behind-the-scenes work that can get 　5　 after a while.
We called ourselves “sighted assistants” and each of us was 　6　 with a visually impaired trainee chef.As a volunteer,I would 　7　 with the trainee to the Enabling Village kitchen,and then ensure their 　8　 as they learnt to cook a new dish.This included helping them 　9　 the position of the sink,peel off (剥掉) eggshells completely,　10　 boiling and hot objects,as well as be careful with knives among other things.
Being there with them made me truly 　11　 how difficult life can be when you are
　12　 or completely blind.Every tiny task 　13　 massive effort.There are so many people with disabilities,I realised.While medicine still does not have the power to 　14　 all of these diseases,we are never short of ways to empower these individuals by making life 　15　 and more meaningful for them.
(　　)1.A.observed B.served
C.trained D.provided
(　　)2.A.managers B.lawyers
C.chefs D.doctors
(　　)3.A.atmospheres B.interactions
C.greetings D.agreements
(　　)4.A.appreciated B.engaged
C.approved D.disturbed
(　　)5.A.boring B.frightening
C.challenging D.promising
(　　)6.A.paired B.taught
C.faced D.equipped
(　　)7.A.flee B.dash
C.escape D.walk
(　　)8.A.satisfaction B.safety
C.pleasure D.optimism
(　　)9.A.leave out B.miss out
C.figure out D.point out
(　　)10.A.avoid B.touch
C.approach D.feel
(　　)11.A.predict B.wish
C.appreciate D.assess
(　　)12.A.totally B.partly
C.frequently D.initially
(　　)13.A.promotes B.prohibits
C.requires D.offers
(　　)14.A.cure B.hide
C.preserve D.increase
(　　)15.A.luckier B.tougher
C.softer D.easier
Ⅲ.写作训练
　　假设你是李华,你校正在举行以“Sharing”为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你结合一个事例用英语写一篇演讲稿,谈谈你对“分享”的看法。要点如下:
1.谈谈有关“分享”的一个事例;
2.你的感悟。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

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