资源简介

语篇填空考点押题之人与环境篇
A
When it comes to deserts, a scene of sandstorms and rolling dunes will pop into our mind. But if you come to the Taklimakan Desert, you will find it is a very breathtaking place different from 1 you have imagined.
Located in Xinjiang, the Taklimakan Desert is the one 2 (cover) 337,000 square kilometers. In the past, the desert expanded outward about 150 meters annually, which seriously posed a serious threat 3 the survival of the local people.
In 1979, a groundbreaking super project began as scheduled, aiming to build large-scale protective forests to reduce disturbing sandstorms and soil erosion 4 (dramatic). The project involved over 600,000 participants from various regions, who employed a variety of approaches to combat the desert. By the end of 2023, a green barrier of about 2,761 kilometers 5 (establish) around the desert. On November 28th, 2024, a significant milestone was achieved as 6 285-kilometer gap was successfully “locked”, marking a great victory in the battle against desertification. With the effort of half a century, the project has not only locked the edges of the desert but also protected the 7 (surround) oases, safeguarding the livelihoods of local communities and supporting the region’s economic development.
Nowadays, the desert is dotted with countless oases, many of 8 have become tourist destinations. The 9 (complete) of the project is not just an environmental victory but also a symbol of perseverance and romance of the Chinese people.
In the foreseeable future, with the continuous efforts of the Chinese people, this desert will continue to shrink 10 it is completely caged by the Chinese people.
B
Human beings are part of nature, but for many centuries, we have been living in completely man-made environments. Modern cities make our lives quite 11 (comfort), but most people live in a way that is disconnected from other living things and the natural cycles of the earth. A special school in Western Australia is now creating opportunities for everyone to safely experience nature.
Steve Aldridge’s school 12 (call) Wild Movement, and it is located near the city of Perth. Children and adults 13 (attend) programs at Wild Movement can learn survival skills like gathering food, making shelters, 14 building fires. Some courses offer instruction on using tools, such as knives or bows and arrows. Others are focused on using plants 15 (make) baskets, bags and rope.
However, the skills 16 (teach) there are not the most important part of the programs. 17 mission (任务) of Wild Movement is to provide a space 18 people can develop courage by taking small risks and feel connected with the natural world around 19 (they). When we learn to appreciate nature and make sense of our place in the larger web of life, we can all have a better 20 (understand) of what it means to be human.
C
In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged as a sustainable response 21 the challenge of creating green space in cities. This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers 22 (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and adding a touch of nature to urban environments.
Rooftop farming, also 23 (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture, cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, 24 in turn lessens energy 25 (consume) and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, 26 (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of 27 (local) sourced food.
As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement 28 promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce. When we look towards 29 future where environmental consciousness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament to our ability to cultivate more than just food—we cultivate hope for a 30 (green) and more resilient (可迅速恢复的) world.
D
Japan says it will start releasing radioactive water from the destroyed Fukushima nuclear center into the sea beginning in two years. The polluted water is 31 (treat) before it is released into the Pacific Ocean. The government announced the plan Tuesday and said it had been approved by cabinet ministers. The decision had long been expected, but faced delays linked to safety concerns and public 32 (opposite).
Japan has said three reactors (反应堆) there suffered meltdowns after the 2011 earthquake and huge ocean wave destroyed the plant’s 33 (cool) systems. The disaster forced 160,000 people to flee 34 (pollute) areas around the plant. Tokyo Electric Power Company, or TEPCO, operates the nuclear center. It is carrying out the cleanup. Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga said the government 35 (decide) the ocean release was the most realistic way 36 (solve) the water storage problem. Other methods considered included injecting the water into the ground or converting it to steam or hydrogen 37 then releasing it into the atmosphere.
The government describes the water to be released 38 “treated” and not ”radioactive”. But experts say that 100 percent of radioactive materials cannot be removed. Government officials say tritium (氚) is the only substance 39 cannot be removed from the water. They say tritium is not considered 40 (harm) in small amounts.
E
A study published on April 15 in the journal Frontiers in Forests and Global Change presents evidence 41 only about 3% of Earth’s land ecosystems remain untouched by human activity.
42 (focus) on large pieces of land, about 3,860 square miles each , the study takes three measures 43 account : habitat intactness (栖息地完整性), which shows how much influence human activity 44 (have) on habitats till now; animal intactness, which looks at the loss of a land’s original species; and functional intactness, which focuses on the loss of species that contribute to the health of 45 ecosystem.
The researchers began with existing datasets that measured habitat intactness, and then combined that information with data showing where about 7,500 animal species had been lost. According to the results, just 2.8 percent of Earth’s land ecosystems 46 (remain) intact. 47 (bad) still, the team found that just 11% of the ecologically intact lands they identified are 48 (protect) wildlife areas , and many are under the 49 (manage) of indigenous (土著的) communities .
This result “was much lower than we were expecting,” says University of Cambridge conservation biologist Andrew Plumptre to Science News. 50 (initial) I’d guessed that it’d be 8 to 10 percent.”
F
Recently, a summer camp 51 (hold) by Wuhan University, with the theme of “Global Exchanges and Sustainable Development”, got underway. Twenty-two students from six foreign countries and more than twenty undergraduates from Wuhan University started an 52 (inquire) about sustainable development.
Yi Qing, Deputy Secretary General of Poyang Lake Ecological Conservation Foundation of Jiangxi Province, said, “I want students to know how Chinese ecological conservation efforts 53 (make) in areas around Poyang Lake over the past decade, providing them with our first-hand 54 (practice) experience and profound (深刻的) insights.”
While 55 (visit) key labs and the Digital Cultural Heritage (遗产) Research Center of Wuhan University, students were deeply impressed by China’s resolve and capacity (能力) to use digital technology 56 (preserve) and pass on the cultural heritage of humanity. Tawanakoro Viliame from Fiji remarked that he couldn’t wait to share 57 he’s seen in China with the people in his country, and hoped the friendship between China and Fiji could last.
The summer camp was included 58 Wuhan University’s 2024 summer camp program. It not only took on 59 role of a platform for international students to understand the basic concept of sustainable development, but 60 (dramatic) inspired them to see the development of China from the viewpoint of global exchanges, together with its contributions to the global community.
G
The China-Laos cross-border Asian elephant conservation cooperation stands as a model of effective international cooperation in wildlife protection, 61 (highlight) the importance of cooperative efforts in ensuring the survival and well-being of endangered species like the Asian elephant, experts said.
Asian elephants are the largest land mammals next to their African 62 (cousin). Unfortunately, the wild elephants in 13 Asian countries are facing critical threats 63 their survival, with a total population 64 (estimate) at 40,000 to 50,000. In China, however, the population has grown from around 150 in the 1960s to roughly 300 today.
Wild Asian elephants, 65 live near the China-Laos border, frequently cross between the two countries. If we only protect these elephants on the Chinese side, their safety is not 66 (complete) guaranteed when they enter Laos. Therefore, the government of China initiated joint 67 (ecology) conservation efforts with the Lao government in 2006. China provides technical support, equipment and funds.
To date, China and Laos have expanded the elephant protection zones to 220,000 hectares 68 adopted over 40 joint conservation measures. The elephants can safely travel abroad and return. The ability of Asian elephants 69 (cross) the border with freedom indicates the effectiveness of international cross-border conservation. Last year, during an international meeting, the success of the China-Laos cross-border conservation efforts 70 (praise) highly and continuous conservation work was encouraged.
H
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive 71 (sculpture) out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist 72 (build) a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws 73 (collect) from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made 74 (it) first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste 75 (recycle). Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, 76 they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink 77 and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink 78 someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries 79 (disappear).
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, 80 were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
I
Every year for over a millennium fishermen have braved the subzero temperatures, biting winds and deep snow to search for 81 underwater fortune at Chagan Lake — one of the biggest freshwater lakes in our country.
Chagan is the only place in China 82 you can still find fishermen using a Mongolian fishing method that dates back centuries and has 83 (bare) changed over time. Holes are drilled in the ice 84 (lower) a 2-kilometer-long net into position underwater. Once it fills up with fish, the net is hauled out of the water using a giant wheel turned by Mongolian horses. The largest fish in the 85 (season) first catch is believed to be lucky, and will go to the highest bidder at the auction (拍卖).
To ensure that this tradition can continue 86 damaging the lake’s ecology, fishermen keep nature in mind throughout the process. 87 (avoid) the use of modern vehicles helps reduce the chance of polluting the lake water, and the number of fish that can be caught is capped to ensure that there will be fish for years to come.
Also, over the past few years, the money from the auction has been invested into protecting the lake and 88 (surround) environment. And during the summer private fishing without 89 (permit) us strictly prohibited. These preservative measures 90 (keep) the tradition alive for thousands of years and certainly will be passed on to future generations.
J
Over the past 30 years, a quiet war against nature has been launched in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to turn swaths of desert into 91 vast forest.
Leading this 92 (ecology) campaign is the city of Aksu, located on the edge of China’s largest desert, the Taklamakan, 93 name is translated to “the place of no return”. As one of the biggest shifting sand dunes (沙丘) in the world, its size is slightly smaller than 94 of Germany.
“You couldn’t open your eyes when the dark wind 95 (sweep) across the land,” said 48-year-old Gan Yongjun. “The dark wind can be seen gathering from several kilometers away, the darkness 96 (block) everything in view”, he explained.
For the past 30 years, Gan has been engaged in the Kekeya green project — one of the campaigns launched by local governments in 1986 to relieve the trouble caused by long-term dust storms. Engineers, geographers and other 97 (special) were called to survey the land and figure out water sources. They were also tasked 98 seeking ways to turn sand into soil fertile enough for plants 99 (take) roots.
To date, with over 13 million trees 100 (plant) in Aksu, agriculture has contributed a lot to the local economy. Now, people throughout China associate Aksu with its sweet and crunchy apples while other produce such as dates have also become popular in the supermarkets.
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参考答案
1．what 2．covering 3．to 4．dramatically 5．had been established 6．a 7．surrounding 8．which 9．completion 10．until
11．comfortable 12．is called 13．attending 14．and 15．to make 16．taught 17．The 18．where 19．them 20．understanding
21．to 22．are planted 23．referred 24．which 25．consumption 26．teaching 27．locally 28．and 29．a 30．greener
31．to be treated 32．opposition 33．cooling 34．polluted 35．had decided 36．to solve 37．and 38．as 39．that 40．harmful
41．that 42．Focusing 43．into 44．has had 45．an 46．remain 47．Worse 48．protected 49．management 50．Initially
51．held 52．inquiry 53．have been made 54．practical 55．visiting 56．to preserve 57．what 58．in 59．the 60．dramatically
61．highlighting 62．cousins 63．to 64．estimated 65．which 66．completely 67．ecological 68．and 69．to cross 70．was praised
71．sculptures 72．built 73．collected 74．its 75．is recycled 76．but 77．with 78．that/which 79．to disappear 80．which
81．an 82．where 83．barely 84．to lower 85．season’s 86．without 87．Avoiding 88．surrounding 89．permission 90．have kept
91．a 92．ecological 93．whose 94．that 95．sweeps 96．blocking 97．specialists 98．with 99．to take 100．planted
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