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(共36张PPT)
第二部分 语 法 专 项
第十三讲 There be句型和主谓一致
中考考点知识清单
河北十年中考真题
中考考场实战演练
中考考点知识清单
There be 句型
There be句型表示“某处存在某物或某人”，是倒装句的一种。
1.There be句型的主谓一致：
be动词要和后面所跟的名词在人称和数方面保持一致。在有并列主语
的情况下，要根据第一个主语的单复数来确定be动词的单复数形式。如：
There is a teacher and ten students in the classroom. 教室里有一个老
师和十个学生。
There are ten students and a teacher in the classroom. 教室里有十个
学生和一个老师。
2.There be句型的一般疑问句和否定句：
“There+be+sb./sth.”的否定形式是在be动词后面加not、not any或no。
若变为一般疑问句，则需要把be动词提到句首。如：
There aren't any cakes on the table.
桌子上没有任何蛋糕了。
Is there any milk in the bottle
瓶子里还有牛奶吗？
3.There be句型的各种时态：
★一般现在时：There is/are …
★一般过去时：There was/were …
★一般将来时：①There is/are going to be …
②There will be …
There be句型还可用there must be、there can't be、there used to
be等。如：
There used to be a factory, but now there is a garden.
那里过去曾经是一个工厂，但现在是一个花园。
4.There be句型与have/has的区别：
There be句型强调“某处存在某物或某人”；而have/has的主语往往是
人，意为“某人拥有……”,强调所属关系。如：
There are a lot of people in the park on Saturdays. 周六公园里有很
多人。
Jack has two sisters and one brother.
杰克有两个姐姐和一个哥哥。
5.“There be sb. doing sth.+地点/时间.”表示“某地/某时有某人正在做某
事”。如：
There is a boy sleeping in the room.
有一个男孩正在房间里睡觉。
主谓一致
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须与主语在人称和数上保
持一致，这就叫主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致、意
义一致和就近一致原则。#1
1.语法一致原则
（1）单数名词或代词、不可数名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从
句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
Rice is grown in the south of China.
中国南方种植水稻。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
What he said encouraged me a lot.
他所说的话深深地鼓舞了我。#8
（2）主语为复数名词或由连接词and或both … and … 连接两个并列主
语时，后面要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：
The children are playing outside.
孩子们正在外面玩。
Tom and Mike are good friends.
汤姆和迈克是好朋友。#13
（3）“either/neither/each/every/no+单数名词”和由some、any、no、every
构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Every child is happy now.
现在每个孩子都是快乐的了。
Nobody likes to lose. 没有人喜欢失败。
（4）“one of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
One of my friends is a volunteer.
我的一位朋友是志愿者。#20
（5）在主语后面有with、together with、along with、except、as well
as 等连接的短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式仍与主语保持一致，不受这
些词或短语的影响。如：
The boy together with his parents has been to Shanghai before.
这个男孩以前和他的父母一起去过上海。#23
（6）“some of/most of/all of/a lot of/lots of/plenty of/分数+of/…
percent of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式根据名词的单复数而
定。如：
Three fourths of the students are from the town. 四分之三的学生来自
那个城镇。
Most of the water in this area is polluted.
这个地区大部分的水都被污染了。#27
（7）复数形式的物体名词，如glasses、shoes、trousers、chopsticks、
scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果这类名词前有 pair of修饰
时，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。如：
Where are my shoes I can't find them.
我的鞋在哪里？我找不到它们了。
My new pair of trousers is on the bed.
我的新裤子在床上。#32
2.意义一致原则
（1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用
单数。如：
Three years has passed. 三年已经过去了。
Ten dollars is too dear. 十美元太贵了。
（2）有些集合名词，如family、team、class等作主语时，若作为一个整
体看待，谓语动词用单数；若指其中每个成员，则用复数。如：
My family is a big one. 我有一个大家庭。
My family are watching TV.
我的家人们正在看电视。#40
（3）集合名词，如people、police、clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复
数。形式为复数而意义却为单数的名词，如news、physics、maths、the
United States等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
The police are looking for the lost boy.
警察们正在寻找那个丢失的男孩。
Physics is very hard. 物理学科很难。#44
（4）不定代词all、most、more、some、any、none作主语时，要根据这
些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数
名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语
动词用单数。如：
All of the work has been finished.
所有的工作都已经被完成了。
All of the people have gone to the meeting room. 所有人都已经去了
会议室。#48
（5）疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，
谓语动词用复数;主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。如：
Who is your brother 谁是你的弟弟/哥哥？
Who are League members 谁是团员？
（6）“a number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式;“the
number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
A number of students are planting trees.
许多学生在植树。
The number of the students in our school is 3，000. 我校的学生数量
是3 000。#55
（7）“the+形容词”作主语，表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：
The old are taken good care of in our city.
在我们的城市，老人们受到了很好的照顾。#58
3.就近一致原则
（1）由or、either … or … 、neither … nor … 、not only … but
also … 等连接并列主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。如：
One or two days are enough to see the city.
游览这个城市一两天就够了。
Either you or I am wrong.
不是你错就是我错。#64
（2）在Here/There be句型中，如果有两个并列的名词作主语，谓语动词
要与靠近它的主语一致。如：
Here are some books and paper for you.
给你一些书和纸。#67
河北十年中考真题
根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空。
（2025，河北）Noticing the “Good Things” has helped us go through
the hard time. Here ____（be） a few things from the “Good Things
Jug”.
are
中考考场实战演练
Ⅰ.根据句意及所给提示完成句子。
1.（2025，武威改编）Look！ There ___（be） a notebook and three
keys on the desk.
2.（2025，武威改编）New Year is a wonderful time when family and
friends ____（be） together.
3.（2025，绥化改编）My mother with her students ___（be） going
to volunteer at the old people's home next week.
4.（2025，黑龙江龙东地区）There ___（be） no yogurt and no
tomatoes on the shopping list. We need to add them to the salad.
is
are
is
is
5.（2025，内蒙古）The 309-kilometer line is designed for trains
running at up to 250 kilometers per hour， and runs between
Ulaanqab in Inner Mongolia and Yuanping in Shanxi. There ____
（be） nine stops and the line cuts the travel time between Hohhot
and Taiyuan by nearly 2 hours.
are
6.（2024，绥化改编）In China， a number of birthday persons ____
（eat） cakes with candles. The number of candles ___（be） the
person's age.
eat
is
7.There ________（be） a basketball match against Hope Middle
School. I'm looking forward to it.
will be
8.Everyone except Mike ___（be） going to play basketball because
he doesn't like it.
9.Doing exercise in a scientific way ___（be） healthy for both our
body and mind.
10.There ______（be） many people on the square last night.
is
is
were
Ⅱ.短文填空。
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正
确形式。
A（2025,长沙改编）
I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or
even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics（文学经
典）， and they 1. ____（be） of lasting value. 2. _____ example，
The Iliad， written almost three 3. __________（thousand） years ago，
tells us about the good and bad qualities（品质） of human nature；
that is to say， we can be heroic and silly at 4. ____ same time.
are
For
thousand
the
China 5. _____（have） its own long history of classical literature
that dates back to The Four Books and The Five Classics. These
books 6. _____________（write） before the Qin Dynasty. No one was
considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today，
students are encouraged 7. ________（read） The Analects of
Confucius（《论语》）.
There 8. ____（be） also newer classics than those above， such
as Journey to the West and The Dream of Red Mansions. Still， many
people don't want to read them 9. ________ they are long and have
has
were written
to read
are
because
complex plots（复杂的情节）. But they are great 10. _______（story）
which also show the goodness and 11. __________（weak） of human
nature.
Are you interested 12. ___ learning more about the classics？
Just reading some of them will give you a 13. _______（good）
understanding of the basis（基础） of culture then. Also they 14.
__________（help） you better understand yourself and others. 15.
_______（slow） but surely， you will fall in love with them.#1.1.4
stories
weakness
in
better
will help
Slowly
B（2024，眉山改编）
Hot pot， mapo tofu and Fish Filets in Hot Chili Oil（水煮
鱼） — these dishes 1. ____（be） well-known in China. And they all
have one thing 2. ___ common： They're very numbing（麻的） and
spicy（辣的）.“Numbing and spicy” 3. ___（be） a special phrase
which 4. ________（use） to describe Sichuan food. Generally，
Sichuan cooks 5. ____（be） good at using Pixian Broad Bean Paste
（郫县豆瓣酱）. It 6. ________（see） as “the soul（灵魂） of
are
in
is
is used
are
is seen
Sichuan dishes” by many people. As a result， they are quite
different 7. ______ the dried and spicy Hunan food and the sour and
spicy Guizhou food.
However， to Sichuan dishes， there 8. ___（be） much more
than their numbing and spicy flavor（味道） because Sichuan cooks
are able 9. __________（create） all kinds of flavors. So people praise
Sichuan dishes， “Each dish 10. _____（have） its own style； a
hundred dishes 11. ______（have） a hundred different flavors.”
There 12. ____（be） at least 24 kinds of flavors in Sichuan dishes
from
is
to create
has
have
are
and only one-third of them 13. ____（be） spicy. Some dishes are
neither numbing nor spicy， like sweet and sour fish.
Visitors to Sichuan 14. ____（be） surprised at so many choices
they have for food. Sichuan 15. ___（be） certainly a great place to
start your Chinese food journey.#1.3
are
are
is

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