资源简介 初中英语必备语法---背诵版形容词、副词的比较级及最高级↓ ↓两者(than) 三者及以上(one of...,in,among,of)1.不规则变化“多好与一点点坏相差很远”。many/much--more- most good/well--better--bestlittle---less---least ill/bad/badly--worse--worstfar--- farther---farthest for further study 进修further---furthest for further information 进一步的信息2.as+原级+as 和...一样 not so(as) …as 不如(变否定第一个 as 可以和 so 互换)Eg.A plays basketball,if not better than,as well as B. A 打篮球如果没有 B 好,那就和他一样好。3.看到 than ,even, much, far 用比较级,看到 very ,so ,quite 用原级等。Eg.He is much fatter than before. 他比以前更胖了。4.越来越... 短音节 比较级+and+ 比较级 如 fatter and fatter 越来越胖长音节 more and more+原级 如 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮5.越...就越...:The+比较级... ,the+比较级...Eg. The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越仔细,你犯的错误就越少。16. anyany otherthe other Eg.Beijing is larger than带有 any 后不加复数 any city 任何城市any other city 任何其他城市带有 other 表示同一范围 the other cities 其他城市any city in Japan 北京比日本的任何城市都大(北京不在日本) any other city in China.北京比中国的任何城市都大the other cities in China.北京比中国的其他城市都大7.伤心发疯的大胖子热成红色苗条的瘦子 ” 双写尾字母加 er,est sad mad big fat hot red slim thin8.the+比较级表示两者中更...... 的那个(只有看到 of the two 比较级才加 the)9.最高级前一定要加 the ,副词的最高级 the 可省(前有物主代词不用加 the)10.在表示比较时,为避免重复,用 that 代指单数/不可数,用 those 代指复数 例.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Suzhou.北京的天气比苏州更冷。adj 难的,硬的 hardly 几乎不11.hardadv 努力地—心 work hard 努力工作 rain hard=rain heavily 雨下得大12. slowly--more slowly--most slowly13. 否定词+ 比较级=最高级(例.I’ve never seen a better one.我从未看到一个更好的)时态一、现在完成时a)结构: have/has doneb)标志词:so far 到目前为止, recently 最近, already(肯) 已经, yet(否疑)还、已经, before 之前, just 刚, in/over the past few years 在过去的几年里..for+一段时间,since+时间点/从句(从句用过去时)(c)区分)have gone to 去了没回来 He has gone to Beijing on business.他去北京了。 have been to 去了回来了 He has been to Beijing twice.他去过北京两次。 have been in +地点+s 时间 在某地呆了多久如.He has been in Beijing for three days.他去北京三天了。地点 时间2d) 短暂性动词→延续性动词(什么时候用,leave 离开---have been away(from sp) arrive 到达---have been in/atbegin/start 开始---have been onfinish/stop 结束---have been overjoin 加入---have been in/a member of看到 for ,since , how long 的时候要用延续性)borrow 借---have keptbuy 买---have hadmarry 结婚---have been married open 打开---have been opendie 死---have been deade) 高频句型1 、It has been five years since I lived here. 自从我住在这已经 5 年了。 =It is five years since I lived here=Five years has passed since I lived here .2 、This is the most...I have ever seen.(最高级) 这是我曾经看过最... 的...3 、This is the second time I have been here.(序数词)这是我第二次来这了。二、过去进行时a) 结构: was/were doingb) 1.在过去某个时间点正在做的事at 9 o’clock yesterday 在昨天 9 点, at this time yesterday 在昨天这个时候, at that moment 在那个时候2.在过去某段时间一直在做的事from5 to 9 yesterday 昨天从 5 点到 9 点, these days 这些天, the whole day yesterday 昨天一整天.三、while 、when 、as 的区别“ 长长 while ,when 接短,while 接长 .”(while+进行时ShewasreadingbookswhilehewaswatchingTV.) (when+过去时WhenIcamein,shewasdoingherhomework.)当 as 随着,一边...一边...被动语态(结构 be done)注意以下几点: (标志词 by sb)1) 变被动还原 to(do 变 to do)三看:see watch notice 一听:hear 一让:make + sb do sth变被动:sb be made/heard/seen /watched/noticed to do sth如:He often makes his brother cry,but today he is made to cry by his brother.他经常让他的弟弟哭,但是今天他被弟弟弄哭了。32)无被动五感 look, taste, smell, sound, feelsell well 卖得好 write smoothly 写得流畅take place=happen 举行 break down 抛锚wash easily 容易洗break out 爆发3) 需要被做 done如 The car needs repairing = The car needs to be repaired.车需要被修4) 固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去。如 The children are taken good care of.冠词用“an” -------- 单词首字母发元音的音“爱 诶↓ ↓apple eight用 aa useful book一本有用的书一↓eleveninterestinga university一所大学奥 啊 哦↓ ↓ ↓orange hour oldhonest unusualun...a European country一个欧洲国家额 ”↓amazinga UFO注意:a+序数词表示再一次----a second/third chance 再一次机会宾语从句4宾语从句三要素1) 语序--陈述语序(主+谓)(主+情态动词/have/has+动词)(2)引导词3)时态) (陈述句疑问句)that一般疑问句 if/whether(是否)特殊疑问句 why,where,when ,how,how many...(主现从任意主过从过去真理永一现)(从句的任意要有时间状语标志)(从过去指的是过去的时态:如过去进行时,过去完成时等) The earth travels around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。Light travels faster than sound.光传播的速度比声音快。 Spring follows winter.冬天过后是春天。特别注意!!!1) Could you tell me...↓Could 表示更委婉,不是过去时。2) What is wrong with you.Could you tell me What is the matter with you .Which is the way to...Who can. ..↓疑问词直接做主语,符合陈述语序!3)只能用 whether ,不能用 if 的情况a.后有 or notb.前有介词c.放句首d.后接 to do4)DoubtSureI doubt whether/if...我怀疑I don’t doubt that...我不怀疑I am sure that... 我确定I am not sure if/whether...我不确定定语从句(---)人 关系代词 who,that,whom(做宾语)(---)先行词(被修饰的词) 物 关系代词which,that(做主语/宾语)关系副词 where, when注意: in/at which in/on/at which1 、关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。2 、从句中动词是否三单取决于先行词3 、定语从句中 that 和 which 的区别只能用 that ,不能用 which①先行词是不定代词,包括 all ,anything ,nothing ,the one ,much ,little 等。②如果先行词中出现了 the only ,the very 等。③如果先行词中出现了序数词和形容词最高级。④如果先行词中既有人,又有物。只能用 which ,不能用 that①逗号之后--- ,which②介词之后--- in/on/about which5in +(a))(时间介词)on +介词年/季/月in the morning/afternoon/evening几月几号(的早中晚)on a cold winter morning(早中晚前有形容词修饰也用 on) on the morning of + 日期星期几(的早中晚)at + 时间点(at birth 在出生时)(on接壤)b) 方位介词: in 包含(AB) (AB)through(内部) (forest, door, window)穿过across(外部) (bridge, road, river)to 不接壤(B) (A)against 紧靠,碰撞,反对through 从头到尾/通过beyond 超过反意疑问句(前肯后否,前否后肯)注:反意问句的回答---根据真实情况回答a)否定词有 not ,hardly, never, few, little,seldom, nothing, none, neither, nobody,no 等b)否定前缀不是否定词, 如 dislike ,unhappy, unusual, impossible 等。d)have 实义动词:有(do/does) 助动词:have done(have)e)注意主语后面的’s(is, has)f)I/We believe/think/suppose 后面跟宾语从句,反从句!!!I think she is right,isn’t she 从句如是否定句,注意要否定前移。I don’t think she is right,is she 我认为她是不对的。情态动词(2、情态动词表猜测can’tbe不可能是) (1、cancouldneedshouldmustmaymightwillwouldmustbe肯定是)may be 可能是3 、Must I/we … 否定回答 No, you needn’t/don’t have to/don’t need to.不,你不需要。4 、mustn’t 表禁止,不可以6不定式 ---do非谓语动词 ---to do动名词----doing分词 现在分词---doing过去分词---done冒险花费和想象--risk,spend,imagine(1、后接doing)完成练习值得忙--finish,practise,be worth,be busy避免习惯别放弃--avoid,be used to.give up考虑建议不禁想--consider,suggest,can’t help,feel like错过喜欢要介意--miss,enjoy,mind2 、后接 do----三看三让一听一帮助see watch notice make let have hear help sb do sth三看 三让 一听 一帮助3、7see 看见hear 听见watch 看见 notice 注意到sb do sth 做了(always ,often)doing sth 正在做(when I walked past)4 、To 为介词devote …to doing sth 贡献 look forward to doing 盼望pay attention to doing 注意be/get used to doing 习惯prefer doing to doing 比做...更喜欢5 、havefun a good timeproblems difficulty trouble(in) doing sth(in) doing sth玩的开心做某事有困难1 、现在分词 doing 表主动Eg. The boy (standing by the door) is my friend.那个站在门边的男孩是我的朋友。6 、后置定语2 、过去分词 done 表被动Eg. The film (directed by A) is worth seeing.这部由 A 导演的电影值得看。主谓一致8a)就近原则both …andnot only …but also 不仅...而且... neither …nor 既不...也不...either …or 要么...要么...there be 有(连接主语时谓语动词用复数)b)就前原则withtogether with 和along withas well asexcept 除了butthe +姓氏的复数表示姓... 的一家人class 班级同学(注意翻译成班级为单数)the + 形容词表示一类人family 家人(注意翻译成家庭为单数)注意谓语动词用复数two months/years20 dollars (表示、数学运算、重量、金钱、距离、时间、数目等复数名10 meters 词或短语做主语看作一整体,注意谓语动词用单数)e.g. Two Months has passed since he came here.the number of...isa number of +复数 are...... 的数量是许多(几分之几的…mostof…)百分之几的 (谓语动词取决于后面所跟的是否可数)e.g.1)Three fifths ofthe money is mine. 2)89% of the students are from cities.3)About two thirds ofthe earth is covered with water.The worker and writer “and ”所连接的指的是同一个人或事物谓语动词用单数The worker and the writer “and ”连接的两个单数名词谓语动词用复数代词9(A)几乎没有) ({) ({)little 修饰不可数 一点few 修饰可数a bit cold = a little cold = a little bit cold 有点冷adj adj adja little 修饰不可数a few 修饰可数a little bread = a bit of bread 一点面包n. n.B) 区分(both都) (either两者之一)两者 neither 都不三者{all 都none 都不(每个each){ every两者及以上三者及以上none 表示某个东西的数量没了 nothing 表示什么都没有,空了。(另一个theother两者){ another 三者及以上C) 形容词修饰不定代词位置后置,else 修饰疑问代、副词,不定代词位置后置)something important something else somebody else’s一些重要的事 别的什么 别人的D)on both sides of the street/river on either side of 在其中一边on each side of 在每边在街/河的两边F)反身代词 say to oneself 自言自语 learn …by oneself=teach oneself... 自学help oneselfto 随便吃/喝... enjoy oneself 玩的开心 dress oneself 自己穿衣服连词A) 因果关系: because+句子 so+句子(注意 because 与 so 不能连用) because of+短语 since 既然+句子B) 转折关系: though/although 虽然 but 但是(注意 though/although 与 but 不能连用,可与 yet ,still 连用)(C)if如果主将从现unless除非) (assoonas一...就)主过从过 not...until 直到才 + 从句D) as if=as though 好像,似乎 even if=even though 尽管 as long as 只要E) not only …but also 不仅...而且...neither …nor 既不...也不.../...都不 就近原则either …or 要么...要么...both …and 都数词1. 数词的读法只有百位数和十位数或个位数中间用and 连接,千和百不用2. 数词的表达法前有数字,后不加 Shundreds of students 数百名学生two hundred of the students 学生中的 200 名two hundred students 200 名学生3. 分数的表达法:前基后序,分子大于 1 ,分母加 s ,分数后跟名词,谓语动词依据名词形式而定。 one third 三分之一 Two fifths ofthe land is...two thirds 三分之二 Two fifths ofthe students are...4. 年(代)的表示法 in the 1960s 在 20 世纪 60 年代in 1960 在 1960 年5. {’’iday几岁的时候6. 物主代词直接加序数词,不加 the:my first/second...7. 基变序规则:基变序,有规律,词尾全加 th,一、二、三,特殊记,first,second,third.八加 h ,九去 e, f 来把 ve 替。结尾是 y 变 ie ,词尾再加 th。若是遇到几十几,只变后面就可以。8. 1 和 14 不去 u, 19,90 不去 e.特殊疑问词a)对人口、数量、高度、重量、 电话号码提问用 what对人的职业用 What be sb. (What is he )对人的相貌用 What does he look like =What is he like 对人的品质用 What is he like =how is he?c) how soon 多久----将来时(in 回答)how long 多长时间----现完或一般现在时(for 或 about 回答) how often 多久一次Hoe many times 多少次how far 多远(how far is it from Ato B)10易混短语(so+形容词/副词such+名词) (多many) (多much) (少few) (少的--so小的--such)少 还用 so 注意::little little (so many people) (naturereserves自然保护区naturaldisaster自然灾害workhard努力工作hardwork困难的工作hard-working勤奋努力的)sleepy ---feel sleepy 感到困asleep--fall asleep 入睡 all right 好的 that's all right 没关系 (because+句子becauseof+短语) (因为{)too many+n 太多——too many books too much+n 太多——too much water much too+adj 太——much too big (intheway挡路ontheway在路上) (wayby the way顺便说/问一下)with the help of 在... 的帮助下 (insomeways在某种程度上inthisway用这种方法)with the development of 随着... 的发展 (atatime一次attimes有时fromtimetotime时不时)take part in 活动(activity) (加入)join 俱乐部/党(club/Party) attend 会议/课程(meeting/course)at the same time 同时(forthefirsttime第一次timeontime准时intime及时allthetime总是)alive——be still alive 仍然活着 (live)living——living things 活着的东西lively 生机勃勃的 live——be covered live 被现场直播at different times 在不同的时期at the time of the crime 在犯罪时间(beusedtodo被用来做某事beusedassth被用来作为usedbeusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事usedtodosth过去常常做某事)花费 ing sthused to be 曾经是11句型(1)Sb find(think, feel, make)+it +形容词+to ·do sth(2)How do you like/feel/find... =What do you think of… 你认为...怎么样?(3) It is +形+ to do sthIt is +形 for sb +to do sth 对某人来讲,做...是...It is +形+of sb to do sth(表示一个人品格属性的用介词 of)(4) It takes sb some time to do sth 花费某人一段时间做某事(5) It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做(6) It’s (has been) +一段时间+since 的从句(7) 祈使句+and(then)+简单句(好的结果)祈使句+or+简单句(坏的结果)(8)so (such) …that 如此... 以至于→(enough …to 足够/too …to 太... 以至于不能)(9)表建议 doing(10) so am I(肯定) 我也是neither/nor am I(否定)我也是so it is 的确如此(11)疑问词+不定式 What to do with==how to deal with 怎样处理What to do=How to do it(12)It’s said/ reported +that+从句----据说/据报道It seems +that+从句 ------似乎(13)动名词做主语做三单处理Taking more (enough )exercise is important.(14)one of the +adj.最高级+n.(pl.)(15)This is the +adj.最高级+n.+I have ever read/seen/heard …(16)the first longest river,the second most useful invention1213breakbreak down 出毛病break out 爆发break into 闯入getget on 上车get off 下车get along/on with 相处get up 起床get to 到达handhand in 交上,提交hand out 分发looklook up 查找,向上看look through 浏览look after 照顾look out(for)当心look around 四下查看look for 寻找Look at 看Look up to 敬佩Look down on 瞧不起gogo along 沿着......走go through 通过go over 复习,检查go against 违反go by 时间过去go on(with)继续进行go out 外出,熄灭comecome from 来自come true 实现come out 出版cutcut down 砍倒,削减初中英语动词短语整理cut in 插嘴putput up 举起,搭建,张贴put out 扑灭put off 推迟put away 整理put on 穿戴,上映put in 安装put through 接通turnturn on 打开turn off 关闭turn to 翻到,求助turn down 调低,拒绝turn up 出现,调大turn out 原来是turn into 变成taketake off 脱掉,起飞take up 占据,开始从事take on 接受take in 吸收take after 与...相像take over 接管upwake up 醒来stay up 熬夜mix up 混合open up 打开,开启 show up 出席;露面give up 放弃make up 编造弥补pick up 拾起,接人 look up 查找,向上看put up 举起,搭建,张贴set up 建立take up 占据,开始从事turn up 出现,调大withkeep up with 跟上come up with 想出end up with 以...告终put up with 忍受get on/along with 相处go on with 继续go with 搭配compared with 与... 比较ondepend on 依靠;取决于try on 试穿live on 以......为主食go on(with)继续进行put on 穿戴,上映 take on 接受turn on 打开outfind out 弄清楚send out 发出hang out 闲逛sell out 卖完work out 计算出break out 爆发 hand out 分发put out 扑灭turn out 原来是其它词组worry about 为......担忧throw away 丢弃...... agree with 同意......belong to 属于pass by 经过常见动词→名词(1)v.+er(or/r) 表示相应动作的人或者职业win→winner play→player listen→listener design→designer report→reporter lead→leader run→runner invent→inventor visit→visitorlove→lover own→owner dive→diversleep→sleeper drive→driver explore→explorerwork→worker speak→speaker light→fighteract→actor travel→traveler/traveller paint→painterdirect→director sing→singer manage-→managerdance→dancer write→writer interview→interviewer(2)v.+tion/ation/sion 大多为抽象名词operate→operation invent→invention describe→descriptionorganize→organization invite→invitation examine→examinationcollect→collection celebrate→celebration imagine→imaginationcommunicate→communication suggest→suggestion produce→productioncongratulation pollute→pollution competitiondirection protect→protection decide→decisioneducation act→action discuss→discussionintroduce→introduction pronounce→pronunciation(3)v.+ment 大多为抽象名词govern→government manage→management improve→improvementdevelop→development achieve→achievement punish→punishmentagree→agreement treat→treatment(4)其他choose→choice think→thought succeed→successdie→death weigh→weight fail→failuremarry→marriage act→actress discover→discoveryserve→service appear→appearance1415初中英语必备语法---默写版内容:形容词副词的比较级和最高级1.一般加 er/est,不规则变化的有哪些(6 个)?并写出相应的变化形式。2. as...as 中间加( )级,翻译成( )。变否定( ),翻译为( )。3.看到哪些词用比较级?可以用(4 个):3. 越来越的表达方式(2 种):越来越漂亮: 越来越热:4.越...就越...的表达方式:翻译:你越仔细,犯的错误就越少。5.any/any other/the other 的区别?6.常见双写尾字母+er/est 的单词有:7.最高级前要加( ),副词的最高级可省。8.比较级前加 the 是指( )。9.hard 和 hardly 的区别?11.雨下得大(2 种):12.slowly 的比较级和最高级?13.进修,深造: 进一步的信息:1初中英语必备语法---默写版内容:时态一.现在完成时1.结构:2.标志词(至少 9 个):3. 区分 have have have gone been been to to in翻译: 1)他去北京出差了2)他去北京出差三天了。3)他去过北京两次。4.翻译: 自从我住在这已经 5 年了。(两种)1)2)5.短暂性动词→延续性动词1)什么时候用 2)相应动词变化形式:borrow--- buy--- marry--- open--- die--- leave--- arrive--- begin/start--- finish--- join---二、过去进行时1.结构:2.标志词(6 个):3.while、as、when 的区分?2初中英语必备语法---默写版内容:宾语从句1.语序--2.引导词--1)陈述句:2)一般疑问句:3)特殊疑问句:3.时态: 1)2)3)翻译:1)地球绕着太阳转。2)光传播的速度比声音快。特别注意!!!1.Could you tell me...could 表示( ),它是 can 的过去式吗? ( )2.哪些是疑问词直接做主语,符合陈述语序!1)Could you tell me 2)3)4)3.只能用whether,不能用 if 的情况1) 2)3) 4)4.Doubt I doubt ( )...我怀疑I don ’t doubt ( )...我不怀疑Sure I am sure ( )... 我确定I am not sure( ) ...我不确定3初中英语必备语法---默写版内容:被动语态1、变被动还原 to 的有哪些(8 个)?翻译: 他经常让他的弟弟哭,但是今天他被弟弟弄哭了。2.无被动的有哪些? 1)2)3)3.需要被做(两种):1)2)翻译: 车需要被修。 1)2)内容:冠词用“an ” -------- 单词首字母发那些音?并写出相应例子。翻译:1)一本有用的书2)一所大学3)一个欧洲国家4)再一次机会4初中英语必备语法---默写版数词1、数字的读法 ( )3、分数的表达法 ( )(五分之二) of the students (be)boys.(四分之三)of the land (be)covered with water.3、英汉互译:in the 1960s in 1960数百名学生 学生中的 200 名200 名学生 在某人第二十岁生日在某人四十几岁/九十几岁的时候4、基变序规则:特殊疑问词1、 对人口、数量、高度、重量、电话号码提问用 ( )2、 how soon 和 how long 的区别:3、 问品质: ( )问相貌: ( )4、 从 A 到 B 有多远? ( )5、 how often 问 ( )How many times 问 ( )5初中英语必备语法---默写版反义疑问句1、前( )后( ),前( )后 ( )2、反意问句的回答 ( )3、否定词有 7 个 ( )4、否定前缀不是否定词, 如 ( )5、 Let ’s……, ( ) Let us……,( ) don ’t……,( ) 6、I/We believe,I/We· think,I/We suppose 后面跟宾语从句,反义( )!!!如是否定句,注意要( )。情态动词1、表猜测(3 个)a.肯定是 ( )b.不可能是 ( )c.可能是 ( )2、Must I/we… 否定回答 ( )3、能做(2 种) ( )6初中英语必备语法---默写版易混短语1、英汉互译自然保护区 感到困自然灾害 入睡work hard all righthard work that's all righthard-working 在...的帮助下in the way on the way by the way in some way s in this wayat a time at times from time to time at the same time for the first time on time in time all the timebe used to do be used as sth be used to doing sth used to do sth used to be2、so 和 such 的区别3、加入 join、take part in 和 attend 的区别4、四大花费的用法5、alive、living、lively 和 live 的区别6、too many、too much 和 much too 的区别7初中英语必备语法---默写版内容:主谓一致1、就近原则(4 个)和(4 个)2、就前原则(6 个)除了(2 个)3、the number of... ( )a number of... ( )4、几分之几的…、百分之几的,谓语动词是否三单取决于 ( )5.Three fifths of the money (be) mine.89% of the students (be)from cities.About two thirds of the earth (be)covered with water6、表示数学运算、重量、金钱、距离、时间、数目等复数名词或短语做主语看作一整体,注意谓语动词用 ( )Two Months (be)a long time.8初中英语必备语法---默写版代词1、little/few/a little/a few 的区别2.感到有一点冷(3 种)一点面包(2 种)3.区分a.both、neither、either b.all、noneC.each、every D.none、nothingE.the other、another4、翻译:一些重要的事 别的什么 别人的自言自语 自学自己穿衣服 随便吃/喝... 玩的开心连词1.因果关系:2.转折关系:3.主将从现 ,主过从过有哪几个,并写出中文。4.中英互译as if=as though even if=even though as long asnot only …but also neither…nor either…or9初中英语必备语法---默写版10break break outbreak downbreak intocut cut incut downgetget along/on withget onget upget toget offget into (trouble)hand hand inhand outlooklook out(for)look aroundlook uplook throughlook forLook down onlook afterLook atLook up toput put upput output offput awayput onput in(gogo through)set set upset offhear hear ofhear abouthear fromkeep keep up withkeep ...away fromturn turn onturn toturn downturn outturn offturn upturn intotake take ontake overtake offtake intake aftertake upgo alonggo overgo bygo againstgo outgo on(with)up set uptake upmake uppick upget upopen upLook down onput upturn upshow upgive upwake upstay upmix upgrow up(lk)oo up(withgo with)初中英语必备语法---默写版11compared withput up withget on/along withkeep up withcome up withend up withgo on withfor vote forleave forwait forsearch forlook forout turn outsell outfind outgo outhand outsend outhang outlook out(for)put outwork outbreak outon live ongo on(with)try onget onput ondepend ontake onturn on其它常用词组arrive in /atpass by worry about laugh at throw away belong to agree with happen to do 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 初中英语必备语法-背诵版(1).docx 初中英语必备语法-默写版(1).docx