资源简介

(共49张PPT)
Unit 4
The Wonders of Nature
Section B Why do we explore nature
1a-2c
PART. 01
Learning Objectives
思维品质
学习能力
文化意识
语言能力
教学目标
积累登山、地理相关词汇，掌握扫读提取信息、段落主旨匹配的阅读技能，能完成判断正误、词汇匹配与语篇填空任务。
了解中国登山队登顶珠峰的历史成就，感受民族自豪感，同时认识人类探索自然的跨文化共识。
掌握扫读、主旨匹配等阅读策略，提升自主获取信息与词汇运用的能力。
通过分析登山挑战与成就，培养逻辑归纳与思辨能力，理解人类探索自然的精神内核。
笔顺
教学重难点
掌握登山与地理主题词汇，能运用扫读技巧提取关键信息。
完成段落主旨匹配、判断正误与词汇填空，理解文本核心内容。
在讨论中用英语清晰地表达对登山精神、探索意义的理解，句式丰富且逻辑连贯。结合历史背景，分析登山挑战背后的精神品质，传递文化与探索的价值。
01
02
PART. 02
Lead-in
What is the highest mountain in the world
It's Mount Qomolangma!
Do you like climbing mountains Do you want to climb Mount Qomolangma
PART. 03
1a — 1e
Pre-reading
1a What do you know about Mount Qomolangma Tell a partner.
Pre-reading
Look at the title and the picture, then predict the main idea.
What is the main idea of the passage
A. The dangerous conditions on Mount Qomolangma.
B. The history of Chinese teams climbing Mount Qomolangma.
C. The reason why people love climbing high mountains.
D. The measurement of Mount Qomolangma’s height.
While-reading
1b Scan the article to find the information below.
1. _________________: what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain
2. _________________: the distance between the Second Step and sea level
3. _________________: the year the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma
4. _________________: the height of Qomolangma in 2020
Scanning
You can read a text quickly to find specific information, such as numbers, years, names, and places. Numbers and years are usually in Arabic numerals, while names and places usually start with capital letters.
The “Death Road”
8,600 metres
1960
8, 848.86 metres
While-reading
Reaching New Heights
To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to –30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.
Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb.
1c Read the article again. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
“one of the + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”
处理，对付
be determined to do sth 决心做某事
While-reading
On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world’s highest mountain for the first time.
In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this “Chinese Ladder” to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height — 8,848.86 metres.
Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top successfully, but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it’s there”!
1c Read the article again. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
一点一点地，逐渐地
risk one’s life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事
pull oneself up 奋力向上爬
成功；做到
第一次
While-reading
1c Read the article again. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
_______ Paragraphs 1 and 2
_______ Paragraphs 3 and 4
_______ Paragraph 5
A. Achievements of Chinese teams
B. Reasons for climbing Qomolangma
C. Difficulties and dangers
C
A
B
While-reading
1d Read again. Circle T for true or F for false. Then correct the false statements.
1. A few climbers reached the top of Qomolangma from the northern side before 1960.
T F
2. In 1960, Liu Lianman’s teammates used a ladder to get past the Second Step. T F
3. The Chinese team brought a national flag to the top of Qomolangma in 1960. T F
4. The “Chinese Ladder” was placed at 8,600 metres above sea level. T F
5. Climbers first started to use the “Chinese Ladder” in 2007. T F
No one was able to reach
In 1975, another Chinese team
in 1975
While-reading
Read the text again and choose the best answer.
1. What is the right order of the following events according to the passage
a. A Chinese climbing team arrived at the Second Step.
b. A Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height.
c. A Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research.
d. The Chinese national flag flew on the top of Qomolangma for the first time.
A. a - b - c - d B. d - a - c - b C. a - d - c - b D. d - a - b - c
2. How did the 1960 Chinese climbing team get past the Second Step
A. They used a ladder to climb up.
B. Liu Lianman let his teammates step on his shoulders.
C. They flew over the cliff by plane.
D. They waited for better weather to climb.
While-reading
Read the text again and choose the best answer.
3. Which of the following is NOT a difficult condition for climbers on Qomolangma
A. Thin air B. High cliffs C. Changeable weather D. Warm temperatures
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. Only Chinese climbers can reach the top of Qomolangma.
B. The “Chinese Ladder” was helpful for many climbers.
C. No one failed when climbing Qomolangma.
D. Mount Qomolangma is not dangerous at all.
5. What does this sentence “It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.” mean
A. People should stop climbing dangerous mountains.
B. Humans are always curious and want to achieve more.
C. Climbing mountains is the only way to show ambition.
D. No one can understand why people climb mountains.
1e Discuss the questions.
1. How do you think the Chinese climbers felt when they placed the national flag on top of Qomolangma
I think they may feel proud and excited.
2. What do you think George Mallory meant by “because it’s there”
It means Mount Qomolangma itself as the world’s highest peak and a real challenge, attracts climbers to explore and keep pushing their limits.
3. What qualities do you think a good mountain climber needs to have
A strong body, a strong mind, patience, team spirit, love and respect for nature.
Post-reading
PART. 04
2a — 2c
2a Match the words on the left with their opposites on the right.
______ 1. below　　　______ 5. top
______ 2. common　 ______ 6. northern
______ 3. low　　　　______ 7. risky
______ 4. dead　　　 ______ 8. survive
A. safe　　　 E. unusual
B. bottom　　 F. living
C. southern　 G. high
D. above　　 H. die
D
E
G
F
B
C
A
H
2b Read the examples and make more sentences using how and the words in the box.
How far is it from your home to school How heavy is a blue whale
How large is your country How often do you exercise
long high deep old fast soon
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. 6.
How long is the Yellow River
How high is Mount Tai
How old is your mother
How fast can you run
How soon can you get there
How deep is the West Lake
2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
deep survive wonderful surface dive
Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. It is the __________ freshwater lake in the world. To reach the bottom, you must __________ 1,620 metres! It is also larger than most other lakes. Its __________ covers 31,500 square kilometres. That is bigger than the country of Belgium! Lake Baikal is cold most of the year. But over 1,200 different types of animals can still __________ in this environment. Today, the lake still attracts many curious travellers. After all, it is a great natural __________!
deepest
dive
surface
wonder
survive
毕竟
PART. 05
Language Points
1. what climbers called the way up the northern side of the mountain
登山者对攀登珠穆朗玛峰北坡路线的称呼
northern adj. 北部的；向北的
表示方位的名词，在词尾加-ern 可构成形容词。
east n. 东（方） → eastern adj. 东部的；向东的
west n. 西（方） → western adj. 西部的；向西的
south n. 南（方） → southern adj. 南部的；向南的
northwest n. 西北（方） → northwestern adj. 西北（方向）的
northeast n. 东北（方） → northeastern adj. 东北（方向）的
southwest n. 西南（方） → southwestern adj. 西南（方向）的
southeast n. 东南（方） → southeastern adj. 东南（方向）的
2. the distance between the Second Step and sea level
第二台阶与海平面的距离
a/the distance of... ……的距离
The moon is about a distance of 380,000 kilometers from the earth.
月球与地球相距大约 38 万公里的距离。
a short/long distance 短/ 长距离
My home is only a short distance from our school. 我家离学校只有很短的一段距离。
It is a long distance from Beijing to Guangzhou. 从北京到广州是一段很长的距离。
in the distance 在远处，遥远地
Suddenly, we heard a strange sound in the distance.
突然，我们听到从远处传来一阵奇怪的声音。
3. the year the first Chinese team reached the top of Qomolangma
第一支中国登山队登顶珠穆朗玛峰的年份
辨析reach、arrive与get to
We will reach Beijing at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. 我们将于明天早上 8 点到达北京。
I arrived at the bus stop just in time to catch the last bus. 我刚好赶到公交站，赶上了最后一班车。
I usually get to school at 7:30 every morning. 我通常每天早上 7:30到学校。
When did you get home last night 你昨晚几点到家的？
reach 及物动词 后直接跟地点名词
arrive 不及物动词 后接地点名词时，需跟介词in或 at。arrive in后跟大地点，arrive at后跟小地点。
get to 动词短语 后接地点名词，多用于口语。其后跟地点副词 home、here、there 等时，to 要省略。
4. ... and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first.
而且前提是他们能在恶劣环境中幸存下来。
only if意为“只有（在……的情况下オ……）”，only if引导的从句位于句首表示强调时，主句需部分倒装。
Only if you try your best can you make progress. 只有尽你最大努力，你才能取得进步。
survive ①〔动词〕生存；存活 ②〔及物动词〕艰难度过
survive from... 从……存活下来
Many old customs survive from ancient times.许多古老的习俗从古代一直流传/存活至今。
survive on sth ……维持生活
Some animals survive on grass and leaves in winter.有些动物在冬天靠草和树叶维持生命。
5. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees.
在这座山上，气温可能降至零下30（摄氏）度。
degree n. ①度；度数
The temperature today is two degrees below zero. 今天的气温是零下两度。
degree n. ②程度
The result depends on the degree of your effort. 结果取决于你努力的程度。
degree n. ③（大学）学位
She graduated and received a bachelor’s degree last year.
她去年毕业并获得了学士学位。
He wants to get a college degree in the future. 他将来想获得大学学位。
6. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 登山者甚至将这条路线称为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心完成攀登。
辨析：death、die、dead与dying
death 不可数名词 死亡；毁灭；破灭 在句中可作主语或宾语
die 动词 死；消失 是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用
dead 形容词 死的；失去生命的 表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用
dying 形容词 垂死的；濒死的 在句中作定语
We should try our best to prevent the death of these old animals.
我们应该尽力阻止这些古老动物的灭绝。
The old man died peacefully in his sleep last night. 那位老人昨晚在睡梦中安详地去世了。
The bird has been dead for two days. 这只鸟已经死了两天了。
The dying man tried his best to speak to his son. 那个垂死的男人尽力想和他的儿子说话。
determined adj. 有决心的；坚决的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事，坚决做某事
be determined that... 决心/坚决……
They are determined to protect the environment and make our world more beautiful.
他们决心保护环境，让我们的世界变得更美丽。
We are determined that we can overcome all these difficulties.
我们坚决相信 / 决心克服所有这些困难。
7. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. 这里海拔8600米。
above ① prep. 在（或向）……上方；超过
② adv. 在（或向）上面；在（或向）高处；超过
辨析above、over与on
The temperature is above 30 degrees today. 今天气温在 30 度以上。
There is a picture above the blackboard. 黑板上方挂着一幅画。
A plane flew over our house just now. 刚才一架飞机从我们房子正上方飞过。
There is a cup on the table. 桌子上放着一个杯子。
above 不接触，不强调垂直 反义词：below
over 不接触，常表示恰好的垂直关系 反义词：under
on 表面接触 反义词：beneath
8. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height — 8,848.86 metres. 2020年，一支中国科研队伍去珠穆朗玛峰测量其高度，测得高度为8848.86米。
measure ① v. 测量；量度为
We use rulers to measure the length of the desk. 我们用尺子测量课桌的长度。
measure sb for sth 为某物测量某人
The tailor is measuring me for a new coat. 裁缝正在给我量尺寸做新外套。
measure sth in... 以……（为单位）测量某物
We usually measure time in seconds, minutes and hours.
我们通常以秒、分钟和小时为单位来测量时间。
measure ② n. 措施；度量单位；计量工具
We must take measures to protect the environment. 我们必须采取措施来保护环境。
9. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world 为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界最高峰呢？
risk one’s life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事
Many firefighters risk their lives to fight fires every day. 许多消防员每天都冒着生命危险去灭火。
risk doing sth 冒险做某事
Don’t risk climbing the tree. It’s too dangerous. 不要冒险爬树，太危险了。
the risk of... ……的风险
We should try to reduce the risk of traffic accidents. 我们应该尽力降低交通事故的风险。
take risks (to do sth) = take a risk (to do sth) 冒险（做某事）
He decided to take a risk to start his own business. 他决定冒险去创业。
risky adj. 有危险（或风险）的
It is risky to swim in this deep river alone. 独自在这条深河里游泳是很危险的。
10. It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.
这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心壮志无法被阻挡。
It is because...意为“这/那是因为……”，because引导的是表语从句，表示原因或理由。相当于 This/That is because..，The reason is that...。
It is because you work hard that you have made great progress. 这是因为你努力学习，所以取得了巨大进步。
curiosity about... 对……的好奇心
Most children have strong curiosity about the world around them.
大多数孩子对周围的世界有着强烈的好奇心。
out of curiosity 出于好奇
I asked him the question just out of curiosity. 我问他这个问题只是出于好奇。
with curiosity 好奇地
All the students looked at the new teacher with curiosity. 所有学生都好奇地看着这位新老师。
curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲 → curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的
be curious about 对……感到好奇
She is curious about different cultures and likes reading travel books.
她对不同的文化感到好奇，喜欢读游记。
be curious to do sth 对做某事感到好奇，很想做某事
He was curious to see what was inside the strange box. 他很想看看那个奇怪的盒子里装着什么。
an ambition of doing sth = an ambition to do sth 做某事的目标
He has an ambition of becoming a doctor. = He has an ambition to become a doctor.
他有成为一名医生的志向。
have an ambition to do sth 有雄心做某事；立志做某事
Many young people have an ambition to make our country stronger.
许多年轻人立志让我们的国家更强大。
11. How far is it from your home to school 从你家到学校有多远？
辨析how far、how long、how often与how soon
how far 多远 对距离提问 其答语是表距离的数量
how long 多长时间 常对时间段提问 常用“for +一段时间”或“since +时间点”来回答
多长 对物体的长度提问 其答语常为“基数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/...+ long”
how often 多久一次 对频率提问 其答语常为“once (twice/...)+时间段”，always, often 等频度副词（短语）
how soon 多久以后 对“in+时间段”提问，常用于一般将来时的句子中 其答语常为“in+时间段”
— How far is the nearest hospital ——最近的医院有多远？
— It’s only a 10-minute walk away. ——走路只要 10 分钟。
— How long have you learned English ——你学英语多久了？
— I’ve learned it for 3 years / since 2023. ——我学了 3 年了 / 从 2023 年开始学的。
— How long is this rope ——这根绳子有多长？
— It’s 2 meters long. ——它有 2 米长。
— How often does he go to the library ——他多久去一次图书馆？
— He always goes there on weekends. ——他总是周末去那里。
— How soon will you come back ——你多久以后回来？
— I’ll come back in two weeks. ——我两周后回来。
12. Its surface covers 31,500 square kilometres.它的表面面积达31500平方千米。
cover ①〔及物动词〕占（一片面积）
The forest covers more than 1,000 square kilometers in this area.
这片森林在这个地区占地超过 1000 平方公里。
②〔及物动词〕覆盖，掩盖
Please cover the table with a clean cloth before dinner. 晚饭前请用一块干净的布把桌子盖好。
③〔及物动词〕包括，涉及
The speech covered almost all the problems we talked about last time.
这次演讲涉及了几乎所有我们上次讨论过的问题。
④〔可数名词〕封面；盖子
The cover of this book is very beautiful and colorful. 这本书的封面非常漂亮、色彩丰富。
⑤〔不可数名词〕庇护所
We had to find cover from the heavy rain on our way home. 在回家的路上，我们不得不寻找避雨的地方。
13. After all, it is a great natural wonder! 毕竟，它是一处伟大的自然奇观！
natural adj. 自然的；天然的；天生的；本能的；正常的
nature n. 大自然；自然界
We should try to protect natural environments and wild animals.
我们应该努力保护自然环境和野生动物。
Milk, eggs and fruit are all natural and healthy food. 牛奶、鸡蛋和水果都是天然健康的食物。
She is a natural singer and sings very beautifully. 她是个天生的歌手，唱得非常好听。
It is natural for teenagers to have different ideas from their parents.
青少年有和父母不同的想法是很正常的。
We can relax ourselves and enjoy the beauty of nature in the park.
我们可以在公园里放松身心，欣赏大自然的美。
PART. 06
Exercises
Exercise—用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The young man was __________ (determine) to give up playing football because of his illness.
2. The weather in London is so _________ (change) that people usually have to take an umbrella.
3. Xu Xiake was a famous Chinese ________ (travel) who walked across many parts of China.
4. It’s common for children to have strong _________ (curious) about the world around them.
5. He ___________ (success) climbed Mount Huangshan with his friends during the summer vacation.
6. The ________ (north) part of the country usually has colder winters compared to the southern part.
7. The scientist is willing to take the ________ (risky) to test his new idea, although it may not succeed.
8. The famous ________ (explore) told us many exciting stories about his adventures.
determined
changeable
traveller
curiosity
successfully
northern
risk
explorer
Exercise—根据汉语意思填空
1. John put his hand on my __________ (肩膀) and encouraged me to face the difficulty bravely.
2. Cotton is the most popular material used in clothing because it’s ________ (自然的) and inexpensive.
3. No matter how difficult the situation is, the plants try to ________ (生存) in the desert.
4. At present, people have much better living __________ (环境，条件) than before.
5. Tomorrow will be warm with daytime temperatures around 18 or 19 _________ (度数).
6. The ________ (死亡) of his grandfather made him very sad last month.
7. The temperature stayed ________ (高于) zero, so it didn’t snow last night.
8. Smoking greatly increases the ________ (危险) of developing serious health problems.
degrees
conditions
natural
survive
shoulder
death
above
risk
PART. 07
Summary
Key words: climber, northern, survive, condition, degree, changeable, death, above,
shoulder, successfully, risk, curiosity, explorer, simply, risky, southern,
curious, traveller, natural
Functions: 积累登山、地理相关词汇；
掌握扫读提取信息、段落主旨匹配的阅读技能。
Sentences: ... and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first
On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees.
Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world
It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.
How far is it from your home to school
After all, it is a great natural wonder!
PART. 08
Homework
Summarize basic words and sentences.
Prepare for the next lesson.
Homework
THANKS
See you next class!

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