资源简介

UNIT 4　The Wonders of Nature
Section A　What is amazing about nature？
第一课时　1a－2d
@激活基础
人与自然——自然生态：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生
Ⅰ.任务型完形填空辨识训练
below， surface， level， desert， bottom
1.Please do not write this line.【考点】
2.There is a hole at the of the tower.
3.Look！ The sun is rising from the sea .
4.Water covers most of the Earth’s .
5.There is almost no water in the . 【考点】
Ⅱ.词汇考查
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6.What’s the （deep） of the water here？
7.Daniel’s hobbies are jogging and （dive）.
8.Daisy is an （usual） girl with great business talents.
9.The （low） temperature in this season is 12℃ and the highest is 25℃.
10.To be a good reporter， you need both strong writing skills and good communication （ability）.
Ⅲ.根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子（每空限填一词）
11.这座山的高度会随着时间而改变。
The the mountain can change over time.
12.苔藓大约在4.7亿年前出现在地球上。
Moss appeared about 470 million years ago.
13.这艘中国船只昨天下午抵达目的地。
This arrived at its destination yesterday afternoon.
14. 甘肃省土地总面积为42.58万平方千米。
The total land area of Gansu Province is 425，800
.
15.自然爱好者可以在中国欣赏到大量的自然奇观。【考点】
Nature lovers can enjoy a large number of in China.
@知能提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
　　张掖七彩丹霞奇观 Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park（张掖丹霞国家地质公园）， located in Gansu， China， is truly a natural wonder. Think about it： around 540 million years ago， this area was actually underwater！ As the Earth’s plates（板块） shifted and bumped into each other， the land folded and rose up， making mountains. Over time， different kinds of rocks built up here. Red sandstone， mudstone， and other rocks piled on top of each other. Each layer took thousands of years to form， creating a colourful stack of rock.
　　The park has super cool sights. There are cliffs that are hundreds of metres high and ridges（山脊） that seem to go on forever. The rocks have different special shapes that will blow your mind. Some look like tall castles， some look like animals， and one even looks like a sleeping beauty. The most famous view is the “Seven－Colour Fan”. It’s like someone used a huge paintbrush to make this amazing picture with lots of pretty colours.
　　If you want to visit， be sure to take the park’s tour buses. They’ll take you to the best viewing places. The fourth platform is a must－see， where you can check out the amazing “Seven－Colour Mountain”. The best time to visit is from June to September， when the weather is great. And try to visit at sunrise or sunset. That’s when the “Rainbow Mountains” show their most amazing colours， changing right in front of you！
( )16.How old is the geological history of Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park？
A.About 100 million years. B.Around 200 million years.
C.Nearly 400 million years. D.Over 500 million years.
( )17.What caused the colourful rock layers in the park？
A.Wind and rain erosion（侵蚀） over centuries.
B.Earth’s plate movements and rock buildup.
C.Human painting with natural pretty colours.
D.Red sandstone piled on top of each other.
( )18.What is special about the “Seven－Colour Fan”？
A.It looks like a sleeping beauty.
B.It is the highest cliff in the park.
C.It has many different bright colours.
D.It is in the shape of an ancient castle.
( )19.When is the best time to see the Rainbow Mountains’ most amazing colours？
A.At sunrise or sunset.
B.During midday sunshine.
C.On rainy summer days.
D.In winter snowy weather.
第二课时　3a－3d
@激活基础
Ⅰ.任务型完形填空辨识训练
trip， cost， waterfall， carry， ancient
1.We must find the missing document at all . 【考点】
2.These backpacks are designed for heavy objects.
3.In August， my parents and I took a five－day in Shenzhen.
4.Huangguoshu is about 80 metres high.
5.（2025张掖月考改编）We saw an tree in the park. It was 500 years old.
Ⅱ.语法与情景对话
( )6.Alan’s job is 　　　　 films. He is a director.
A.produce　　B.to producing　　C.to produce　　D.produced
( )7.More and more people learn the importance of labor（劳动） education. It is good for students’ 　　　　.【考点】
A.stress　　B.development　　C.situation　　D.decision
( )8.（2025酒泉期中改编）—I heard you are going to move to Lanzhou next week.
—Yes. 　　　　， do you know anyone living there？
A.By the way　　B.On the way　　C.In the way　　D.On a way
( )9.—Does Amy jump 　　　　 of all the students in her class？
—No. Lucy can jump even 　　　　.
A.farthest； farther　　B.farther； farther
C.farther； farthest　　D.farthest； farthest
( )10.—How was your trip to Hangzhou？
—　　　　. We had a great time by the West Lake.
A.Terrible　　B.Boring　　C.Fantastic　　D.Expensive
Ⅲ. 根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子（每空限填一词）
11.中国最大的城市是哪个？
the city in China？
12.所有的公共交通方式都停运。
of public transport were cancelled.
13.欢迎回来！新学年是一个新的开始。
！ The new school year is a new start.
14.通过观鸟，我们可以了解鸟类是如何生活的。
From bird－watching， we can how birds live.
15.中华文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。
The is one of the oldest in the world.
@知能提升
Ⅳ.完形填空
　　格陵兰岛和冰岛的秘密 Greenland is the largest island in the world. It is in the 　16　 of Europe. Near Greenland is another island. It is small. Its 　17　 is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland is green and warm？ Do you think that Iceland is white with ice？ If you do， you are 　18　. Not many people live on the big island of Greenland. There must be more people in your hometown than in all of Greenland. That is 　19　 Greenland is not green.
　　Greenland is 　20　. Most of the island is covered with lots of ice. The ice covering Greenland is 　21　 than the world’s tallest building. What about Iceland？ Is 　22　 colder than Greenland？ No， it is not. Iceland has ice， but not so much ice in Greenland. It has 　23　 hot springs（泉）. They give out hot water and steam（水蒸气）. The weather here is not as 　24　 as Greenland. And there are a lot more people who 　25　 in Iceland.
( )16.A.east　　B.west　　C.north　　D.south
( )17.A.village　　B.name　　C.farm　　D.town
( )18.A.wrong　　B.clever　　C.right　　D.bright
( )19.A.because　　B.so　　C.but　　D.therefore
( )20.A.yellow　　B.brown　　C.blue　　D.white
( )21.A.smaller　　B.wider　　C.better　　D.higher
( )22.A.he　　B.they　　C.it　　D.she
( )23.A.a lot of　　B.so much　　C.much too　　D.a little
( )24.A.warm　　B.cold　　C.hot　　D.cool
( )25.A.protect　　B.succeed　　C.live　　D.lead
导图记语法 4　形容词和副词的比较级和最高级全解析（复习）&大数字的读法 Grammar Focus （4a－4d）
一、形容词和副词的比较级
　　（一）形容词和副词的比较级的变化
　　1.规则变化
单词类型 构成方法 例词
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，在词尾加－er long—longer， loud—louder
以不发音的字母e结尾，在词尾加－r large—larger， simple—simpler
重读闭音节词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加－er big—bigger， thin—thinner
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加－er happy—happier， friendly—friendlier
部分双音节词和多音节词 词前加more slowly—more slowly， interesting—more interesting
　　2.不规则变化（部分特例）
原级 比较级
good/well better
bad/badly worse
many/much more
little less
far farther/further
　　（二）形容词和副词的比较级的用法和句型
　　当对两个人或事物进行比较时，需使用形容词或副词的比较级。副词比较级的用法与形容词比较级的用法极其相似。在“比较级＋than”结构中，如果than前后使用的实义动词相同，通常用助动词替代后面的实义动词，有时该动词（无论是实义动词还是助动词）还可以省略。常见句型包括：
　　1.A＋be动词＋形容词比较级＋than＋B.
　　She is stronger than Tom because she exercises every day.她比汤姆强壮，因为她每天锻炼。
　　Peter is more outgoing than Li Hua， but they have similar interests.彼得比李华更外向，但他们有相似的兴趣。
　　2.A＋实义动词＋形容词比较级＋名词＋than＋B.
　　She has less free time than her sister.她的空闲时间比她姐姐的少。
　　3.A＋实义动词＋副词比较级＋than＋B.
　　Mary writes better than her twin sister.玛丽比她的孪生妹妹写得好。
　　【拓展】比较级的特殊结构：
　　1.“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”，如colder and colder （越来越冷）。当形容词需要加more 构成比较级时，则变为“more and more＋形容词原级”，如more and more beautiful（越来越美丽）。
　　2.“the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓语），the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓语）”表示“越……，越……”。
　　The cheaper， the better.越便宜越好。
二、形容词和副词的最高级
　　（一）定义
　　形容词和副词的最高级用于对三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较，表示“最……”的含义。
　　（二）形容词和副词的最高级的构成
　　1.规则变化
构成方法 原级 最高级
一般情况下，在词尾加－est long longest
以不发音的e结尾的词，词尾加－st nice nicest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加－est happy happiest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加－est thin thinnest
　　2.不规则变化（部分特例）
原级 最高级
good/well best
bad/ill worst
little least
many/much most
far farthest/furthest
　　（三）形容词和副词最高级的标志
　　1.形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the，副词最高级前面的the可以省略。
　　She was the happiest girl at her birthday party yesterday. 她是昨天生日聚会上最快乐的女孩。
　　注意：当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰时，不使用定冠词the；而当最高级前有序数词修饰时，定冠词the应置于序数词之前。
　　Among all the subjects， physics is my worst one.在所有科目中，物理是我最差的一门。
　　The river is the second longest river in the world. 这条河是世界上第二长的河。
　　2.形容词和副词的最高级常与由介词in或of引导的短语连用，以说明比较的范围。两者的用法区别如下：
　　（1）in＋范围：表示“在某个地点、时间或群体范围内”，该范围中的成员不一定是同类。
　　She is the tallest in her class. 她是班上最高的。（班上所有人，无论性别或年龄，都包括在内）
　　（2）of＋名词/代词：表示“在某一类相同性质的人或物中”，of后的名词或代词必须与被比较的对象属于同一类别。
　　He is the oldest of the three brothers. 他是三兄弟中最年长的。（三兄弟之间比较，同类）
　　（四）含形容词和副词最高级的句式
　　含有形容词或副词最高级的句子的基本结构为：“主语＋谓语（＋the）＋形容词或副词最高级＋比较范围”。此外，形容词和副词的最高级也常出现在以下句型中：
　　1.Who/Which…， A， B or C？
　　在选择疑问句中，当有三个或三个以上选项可供选择，并用or连接时，应使用形容词或副词的最高级。
　　Which do you think is the most beautiful， the rose， the peony， or the lotus flower？ 你认为玫瑰、牡丹和莲花哪个最漂亮？
　　2.“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。
　　The smart desk may be one of the most popular inventions of all time in our school. 智能书桌或许是我们学校有史以来最受欢迎的发明之一。
　　（五）形容词和副词的最高级意义也可以通过含有比较级的结构来表达。常见的句型有：
　　1.形容词/副词比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
　　Daniel got to school earlier than any other student. 丹尼尔比其他学生更早到学校。
　　2.形容词/副词比较级＋than＋the other＋复数名词
　　This dress is worse than the other two. 这条裙子比另外两条差。
三、英语中大数字的读法
　　（一）先记住以下单位：
中文 英文 数字表示
百 hundred 100
千 thousand 1，000
百万 million 1，000，000
十亿 billion 1，000，000，000
万亿 trillion 1，000，000，000，000
　　（二）标准读法规则
标准读法规则
1.三位一组，从右向左逗号分隔的每个部分代表一个单位 例如：1，234，567读作：one million， two hundred （and） thirty－four thousand， five hundred （and） sixty－seven
2.百位数的读法 100＝one hundred 235＝two hundred （and） thirty－five
3.千位数的两种读法 正式：1，500＝one thousand （and） five hundred 非正式：1，500＝fifteen hundred
4.百万以上的大数字 1，000，000＝one million 1，250，000＝one million， two hundred （and） fifty thousand 3，000，000，000＝three billion
　　【特殊情况和易错点】
　　1.and的使用
　　英式英语：在百位和十位之间加and
　　325＝three hundred and twenty－five
　　美式英语：通常省略and
　　2.复数形式
　　具体数字不加s：five hundred（ √ ）
　　five hundreds（ × ）
　　泛指时要加s：hundreds of people（ √ ）
　　3.零的读法
　　1，001＝one thousand one（不读zero）
　　1，010＝one thousand ten
　　4.小数点的读法
　　3.14＝three point one four
　　0.5＝zero point five或 point five
　　【实用技巧】
　　1.分节记忆法：
　　遇到大数字时，先按逗号分节，例如：12，345，678→12 milion/345 thousand/678
　　2.日常简化读法：
　　?$1.5M＝one point five million dollars
　　200K＝two hundred kay（非正式场合）
　　3.年份读法：
　　1999＝nineteen ninety－nine
　　2008＝two thousand eight
2020＝twenty twenty
@变式练语法
Ⅰ.语法与情景对话
( )1.All the singers have finished singing. Let’s choose the 　　　　 one from them.
A.good　 B.better　　C.best　　D.well
( )2.Huahua is one of 　　　　 pandas in China.
A.cute　　B.cuter　　C.cutest　　D.the cutest
( )3.Which colour do you like 　　　　， purple， orange or pink？
A.well　　B.good　　C.better　　D.best
( )4.（2025镇江中考）Among the characters in Journey to the West， I like the Monkey King 　　　　.
A.good　　B.well　　C.better　　D.best
( )5.Dongjiang Lake is a good place to have fun and 　　　　 tourists go camping there in summer.
A.hundred　　B.hundreds　　C.hundreds of　　D.hundred of
( )6.（2025临夏中考）Qomolangma is 　　　　 mountain in the world.
A.high　　B.higher　　C.highest　　D.the highest
( )7.（2025北京中考）The National Library of China is 　　　　 public library in Asia.
A.large　　B.larger　　C.largest　　D.the largest
( )8.—Canada is one of the largest 　　　　 in the world.
—Yes， it is larger than 　　　　 country in Asia.
A.country； any other　　B.countries； any other
C.countries； any　　D.country； any
Ⅱ.词汇考查
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
9.Ginkgo trees are some of the （many） ancient trees.
10.Practise more， and you will solve math problems （easy） than before.
11.I like watching the first clown（小丑） because he looks （funny） than the second one.
12.You can buy movie tickets the （quickly） at the Movie World of the three cinemas.
13.（2025天水期末） Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second （large） in Shanghai.
Ⅲ.写出或拼出括号中对应的数字
14.Mount K2（乔戈里峰） is （eight thousand， six hundred and eleven） metres high.
15.The maximum flow rate of Iguazu Falls（伊瓜苏大瀑布） during the rainy season is （twelve thousand， seven hundred and fifty） cubic metres per second.
16.The Baikal Rift（贝加尔裂谷） is about 1，600（　 　） kilometres long.
17.The Sahara Desert has a total area of about 9，320，000 （　 　） square kilometres.
Section B　Why do we explore nature？
第三课时　1a－1e
@激活基础
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词
1.She tapped him on the （肩膀）.
2.Children show （好奇心） about everything.
3.The pollution of rivers makes it hard for fish to （生存）.
4.You can enjoy all the water sports， or （仅仅） lie on the beach.
5.My brother is a great （攀登者）. He goes climbing every week.
Ⅱ.词汇考查
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6.An （explore） found a beautiful flower.
7.The weather is （change） in the mountains.
8.Our study （condition） are much better than before.
9.When hearing the （dead） of his pet dog， the boy cried sadly.
10.Everyone started to cheer when the spaceship returned to Earth （successful）.
Ⅲ.语法与情景对话
( )11.She risked 　　　　 own life to save a disabled woman. 【考点】
A.she　　 B.her　　 C.hers　 D.herself
( )12.It was ten 　　　　 below zero last night.
A.ways　　B.changes　　C.directions　　D.degrees
( )13.Mohe in Heilongjiang Province is 　　　　 of China. 【考点】
A.at the north end　　B.in the northern part
C.on the north part　　D.in the north end
( )14.The dog in Picture 　　　　 is above the ball.
A.　　B.　　C.　　D.
( )15.—Look at the photograph. 　　　　 lively the ancient city was！
—Yes， it’s amazing. 　　　　 beautiful city it is now！
A.How； How　　B.How； What a
C.What； How　　D.What； What
Ⅳ.根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子（每空限填一词）
16.昨天一个店员量了量马里奥的身高。
A shop worker Mario’s yesterday.
17.重庆巫山的一些村民住在高高的悬崖下。
Some villagers in Wushan， Chongqing lived under the .
18.老人开始逐渐地失去记忆，变得健忘。
The old man began to lose his memory ， becoming forgetful.
19.他追求的目标是将来在月球上开一家快餐店。
His is open a fast－food restaurant on the moon in the future.
20.我舅舅在他的青少年时期就对生物产生了浓厚的兴趣，并立志成为一名医生。
My uncle showed great interest in biology in his teens and was become a doctor.
@知能提升
Ⅴ.完形填空
　　“野蛮之山”K2 Have you ever heard of Mount K2？ It’s known as the Savage Mountain， because many people died or got hurt while 　21　 it.
　　K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after Mount Qomolangma. People never climb Mount K2 in 　22　. Both storms and cold weather make it 　23　 to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous as one of the most 　24　mountains to climb. It is known as different 　25　 such as Chhogori， Ketu and Mount Godwin－Austen. The name Chhogori 　26　 “the king of mountains”. This mountain lies on the border（边界） between Pakistan and China.
　　A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other 　27　 of the mountain lies in Xinjiang， China. Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured its height. He named the 　28　 K2， where later “K” stood for Kechu according to the local Balti people. K2 was the 　29　 mountain listed， so the name included the number “2”. The best time to climb K2 is between April and October. It 　30　 at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing.
( )21.A.climbing　B.walking　C.swimming　D.moving
( )22.A.spring　　B.summer　　C.autumn　　D.winter
( )23.A.important　　B.impossible　C.silent　　D.amazing
( )24.A.difficult　　B.easy　　C.interesting　　D.sleepy
( )25.A.names　　B.places　　C.mountains　　D.trees
( )26.A.listens　　B.shows　　C.calls　　D.means
( )27.A.nature　　B.part　　C.top　　D.field
( )28.A.mountain　　B.people　　C.river　　D.protection
( )29.A.first　　B.second　　C.third　　D.fourth
( )30.A.spends　　B.joins　　C.takes　　D.goes
第四课时　Vocabulary in Use
@激活基础
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词
1.You can take a boat trip along the （海岸）.
2.There are many （自然的） wonders in our country.
3.The little kids like building something on the （沙子）.
4.Rock climbing is a challenging and （有危险的） sport.
5.Her hobbies （包含） painting， dancing and stamp collecting.
Ⅱ. 任务型完形填空辨识训练
travel， curious， alive， south， underwater
6.Rice is the main crop in China.
7.Doing exercise can keep your brain .
8.The arrival of the new teacher made the students .
9.Those from England visited our school yesterday.
10.The seaweeds（海藻） grow and provide food for many sea animals.
@知能提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
　　探索全球岛屿数量之最 Many countries around the world can be proud of having the most of something. Canada has the most lakes—around 879，000，while Russia has the most trees. About 46.6％ percent of the land there is forest.
　　When it comes to islands， which country tops the list？
　　Canada is much bigger in size， but it has fewer islands than Sweden， Finland and Norway in Northern Europe. Among them， Sweden gets the first place. Although it is not a big country， it has lots of lakes and islands. Most of the islands there have no people living. Some islands are just 25 square metres. That’s about the size of a one－car garage（车库）.
　　Some islands are out of repair. People even can’t remember their names clearly. It’s interesting that if you travel to Sweden， it’s hard to notice you’ve come to a country of thousands of islands. However， there are two main islands which are large enough to provide nice living environment for most people in Sweden.
阅读以上材料，判读下列句子正误。正确填A、错误填B。
( )11.The passage mainly talks about the most of something in every country around the world.
( )12.The number of islands in Australia is eight times more than that in Thailand.
( )13.According to the list，the top three countries for the most islands are all in Northern Europe.
( )14.The writer describes how small some islands are in Sweden by numbering and comparing.
( )15.We can get the reason why these islands in Sweden are out of repair from the passage.
单元主题写作 （*Project & Reflecting）
@写作主题剖析
　　本单元的话题是“自然生态与地理特征”，要求学生能够用英语描述不同地区的自然景观、地理特征（如山脉、河流、气候、植被等）及其对人类生活的影响，同时关注生态环境现状，探讨保护自然资源的必要性与可行措施。常见的写作任务包括：介绍某一国家或地区的典型自然环境与地理特点，对比不同地域的生态差异，或结合实例说明人类活动与自然环境之间的相互关系。通过本单元的学习，引导学生拓宽国际视野，增强生态意识和可持续发展观念，培养尊重自然、珍爱地球的责任感，树立人与自然和谐共生的价值观。
@写作素材积累
I.重点短语
1.平方千米
2.一点一点地；逐渐地
3.中华文明
4.高的悬崖
5.下定决心
Ⅱ.重点句型
1. （欢迎回来）！
2.What is the （最大的沙漠） in the world？
3.Where is the （最深的地方） in the ocean？
4.Some blind animals can “see” （和……一样好） others.
5.Mount Qomolangma is （还在长高）.
6.The Yangtze River travels （最远地） in China and is about 6，300 （千米） long.
@高分范文欣赏
　　你是李华，你收到了一封来自美国的朋友Alex的电子邮件，请根据邮件内容给他回信。
Dear Li Hua，
　　I called you at five this afternoon， but you didn’t answer. What were you doing at that time？ These days I am taking some Chinese lessons， and I am very interested in China now. I want to learn more about your country. Can you tell me something about your country？ For example， I want to know about the highest mountain， the longest river， the symbolic animal and so on. Oh， I also learned a story called Yugong Moves the Mountains in Chinese class. I think it’s impossible for a man to move two giant mountains. Do you know the story？ What’s your opinion about the story？
　　Have a nice day！
Yours，
Alex
提示：
1.下午五点你正在帮妈妈做晚饭。
2.珠穆朗玛峰（Qomolangma）是中国最高峰，也是世界最高峰，比其他的山都高。
3.长江（Yangzte River）是中国最长的河，也是世界第三长河。
4.其他内容可适当发挥。
5.不少于80词。开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
【例文拆解】
Dear Alex，
　　Thank you for your email！
　　I was helping my mum with dinner at five this afternoon. （①表明写作意图，回应邮件内容，解释没有接到电话的原因） I am very glad to hear that you like Chinese culture. In my country， Qomolangma is the highest mountain， and it’s also the highest mountain in the world， higher than the other mountains in the world. The Yangtze River is the longest river in my country and it’s the third longest river in the world. The panda is a symbol of China. They are very cute， and most of them live in the mountains in Sichuan. If you want to see them， you can go to Chengdu.（if引导的条件状语从句）（②具体阐述写作内容，介绍珠穆朗玛峰、长江、国宝熊猫） I also learned Yugong Moves the Mountains in English class. I think the story teaches us that we could never know what’s possible unless we try to make it happen. （that 引导的宾语从句；unless引导的条件状语从句）　（③阐述对《愚公移山》的看法）
　　Hope you can travel to China one day！ （④书写结语，表达希望Alex能来中国旅游的愿望）
Yours，
Li Hua
@学以致用
　　丰富多彩的暑假生活即将开始，除了复习功课，预习新知，参加社会劳动等，游学也是重要的一部分。你认为最美丽的自然景观是哪里呢？请根据下面的导图要求向同学介绍一下。
要求：1. 要点全面，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范，真实表达。
2.词数70词左右。
3.请勿在文中使用真实的学校、班级和姓名。
4.首句已经给出。
　　In my opinion， the most beautiful natural place is
单元考点专练
1　below与反义词above的用法，辨析below与under
用below或under填空
1.He dived the surface of the water.
2.There are two big boxes my bed.
3.Read the following passage and answer the questions .
4.My grandma stood the tree， with a big smile on her face.
用below或above填空
Eco－drones： Eyes in the Sky and Underground
生态无人机：天地间的监测眼
　　微语段练习At our school’s Green Tech Club， we use drones（无人机） to study nature. The drone flies 5. the trees—usually about 100 metres 6. ground level—to take photos of forests. At the same time， a sensor（传感器） underground records data 7. the surface， like soil moisture（土壤水分） and temperatures.
　　Scientists compare what’s 8. the ground with what’s 9. ， so they can protect ecosystems better. It’s amazing how much we can learn from both worlds！
2　辨析die，dying，dead和death
语法与情景对话
( )10.Jim’s father 　　　　 two years ago. Jim misses him very much.
A.death　 　 B.dead　　C.died　　D.dying
( )11.The 　　　　 of the famous sci－entist made the whole country feel sad.
A.die　　B.dead　　C.death　　D.dying
( )12.The 　　　　 dog was lying on the ground. It seemed it was going to die.
A.die　　B.dying　　C.dead　　D.death
( )13.At last， the poor boy was 　　　　. But people didn’t know the reason for his 　　　　.
A.died； death　　B.dead； death
C.dead； die　　D.died； die
( )14.The poor dog 　　　　 two days ago. Its 　　　　 body was found in the yard this morning.
A.died； dead　　B.dead； died
C.death； dead　　D.died； death
3　risk的用法
用方框中所给单词或短语填空，每个单词或短语可重复使用
risky， take a risk， risk， at risk
　　微语段练习Exploring glaciers（冰川） is exciting but full of danger. The ice is melting fast， so the area is 15. . Many paths are unstable—it’s too 16. to walk alone. Scientists say animals here are also 17. because of climate change.
　　Still， Maya decided to 18. and join a research team. “Yes， there’s a 19. ，” she said. “But we must protect these wonders before it’s too late.”
甘肃特色题型专练
　　2025年和政古生物化石群与张掖彩色丘陵正式进入联合国教科文组织世界自然遗产申报程序，全省努力将独特的自然景观转化为可持续发展的生态资产，彰显“美丽甘肃”的战略定位。请完成1～20题。
Ⅰ.口语交际
阅读下面的对话，根据上下文，从方框内选择恰当的选项补全对话，使句意完整、符合逻辑。（其中有两项为多余选项）
A.That’s right. B.You’re welcome. C.How wide is it？ D.Oh， it’s about the Yellow River. E.They are the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. F.Which river do you want to know？ G.Wow， that’s amazing！
（Lily and Xiao Meng are talking about rivers in China. A is for Lily； B is for Xiao Meng.）
A： Xiao Meng， could you tell me about rivers in China？
B： Sure. There are many rivers in China. 1.
A： I want to know about the river in Wang Zhihuan’s On the Stork Tower（《登鹳雀楼》）.
B： 2. It’s 5，464 kilometres long.
A： Over five thousand kilometres？ That’s really a long river.
B： Yes， you’re right.
A： 3.
B： At some places， it is about 20 kilometres wide.
A： 4.
B： Yes. And in China， the Yellow River is a mother river.
A： Thank you for telling me so much.
B： 5.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
　　2025——冰川保护年 The UN has made two big decisions. It said 2025 would be the Year of Glacier Preservation（保护）. Also， March 21， 2025， was set as the first World Day for Glaciers. Why？ Because glaciers are super important for life on Earth， and the UN wants everyone to help protect them.
　　Glaciers are made of ice and snow. They move slowly across the land. As years go by， layer after layer（层） of snow piles up and becomes glacier ice. Glaciers have changed the shape of mountains and valleys over a long time. They’re still doing this today. When glaciers melt， they give nutrients（营养） to lakes， rivers， and oceans. These nutrients are like the building blocks of the food chain in water. They also create homes for lots of plants and animals near streams. What’s more， glaciers are a really important water source. Around 10％ of the world’s land has glaciers， and they store about 70％ of Earth’s fresh water.
　　But glaciers are in big trouble now. Climate change is making them disappear. In Colombia， for example， 90％ of its glaciers have been lost since the mid－19th century. If the temperature keeps going up， glaciers will lose even more mass by 2100. This will mean less water for people to drink and use for farming. It will also put more pressure on local ecosystems（生态系统） and make floods more dangerous. So， it’s really important for us to work together to protect glaciers.
( )6.Why did the UN set the Year of Glacier Preservation and World Day for Glaciers？
A.To encourage people to protect glaciers for the future.
B.To attract more people to visit glacier areas.
C.To study the structure of glaciers better.
D.To show the power of glaciers in shaping the Earth.
( )7.The underlined word “mass” in the passage probably means “　　　　”.
A.colour　　B.shape　　C.height　　D.weight
( )8.What can we infer from the passage？
A.Only scientists can help protect glaciers.
B.If we protect glaciers， we can also help ourselves.
C.Climate change isn’t related to glaciers.
D.Glaciers will not change in the future.
( )9.Which of the following is a problem caused by glaciers disappearing？
A.The food chain in water will be broken.
B.There will be more fresh water in the sea.
C.There will be fewer floods.
D.Ecosystems will be healthier.
( )10.What is the best title for this passage？
A.The Magic of Glaciers
B.How Glaciers Are Formed
C.The Changes of Glaciers
D.Glaciers and Our Future
Ⅲ.任务型完形填空
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。
surface， south， deep， survive， bit， unusual， metre， explorer， below， of
　　藏在沙漠里的地下湖 Deep in the 11. part of the Sahara Desert， one of the world’s largest deserts， scientists made an amazing discovery. 12. the hot sand， about 200 13. deep， lies a huge underground lake！ This lake is not on the 14. ， but hidden at the 15. of the Earth’s crust（地壳）.
　　The water is fresh and clean—enough to help people 16. in this dry area. Researchers believe the lake formed bit by 17. over thousands of years. Its existence（存在） shows how 18. nature can be！
　　Many 19. once thought nothing could live here. But now， small plants and even insects have been found nearby. This discovery may change how we see deserts—from dead zones to places full 20. life and mystery（神秘）.UNIT 4　The Wonders of Nature
Section A　What is amazing about nature？
第一课时　1a－2d
@激活基础
人与自然——自然生态：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生
Ⅰ.任务型完形填空辨识训练
below， surface， level， desert， bottom
1.Please do not write 　below　 this line.【考点】
2.There is a hole at the 　bottom　 of the tower.
3.Look！ The sun is rising from the sea 　level　.
4.Water covers most of the Earth’s 　surface　.
5.There is almost no water in the 　desert　. 【考点】
Ⅱ.词汇考查
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6.What’s the 　depth　（deep） of the water here？
7.Daniel’s hobbies are jogging and 　diving　 （dive）.
8.Daisy is an 　unusual　（usual） girl with great business talents.
9.The 　lowest　（low） temperature in this season is 12℃ and the highest is 25℃.
10.To be a good reporter， you need both strong writing skills and good communication 　abilities　（ability）.
Ⅲ.根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子（每空限填一词）
11.这座山的高度会随着时间而改变。
The 　height　 　of　 the mountain can change over time.
12.苔藓大约在4.7亿年前出现在地球上。
Moss appeared 　on　 　earth　 about 470 million years ago.
13.这艘中国船只昨天下午抵达目的地。
This 　Chinese　 　vessel　 arrived at its destination yesterday afternoon.
14. 甘肃省土地总面积为42.58万平方千米。
The total land area of Gansu Province is 425，800 　square　
　kilometres　.
15.自然爱好者可以在中国欣赏到大量的自然奇观。【考点】
Nature lovers can enjoy a large number of 　natural　 　wonders　 in China.
@知能提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
　　张掖七彩丹霞奇观 Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park（张掖丹霞国家地质公园）， located in Gansu， China， is truly a natural wonder. Think about it： around 540 million years ago， this area was actually underwater！ As the Earth’s plates（板块） shifted and bumped into each other， the land folded and rose up， making mountains. Over time， different kinds of rocks built up here. Red sandstone， mudstone， and other rocks piled on top of each other. Each layer took thousands of years to form， creating a colourful stack of rock.
　　The park has super cool sights. There are cliffs that are hundreds of metres high and ridges（山脊） that seem to go on forever. The rocks have different special shapes that will blow your mind. Some look like tall castles， some look like animals， and one even looks like a sleeping beauty. The most famous view is the “Seven－Colour Fan”. It’s like someone used a huge paintbrush to make this amazing picture with lots of pretty colours.
　　If you want to visit， be sure to take the park’s tour buses. They’ll take you to the best viewing places. The fourth platform is a must－see， where you can check out the amazing “Seven－Colour Mountain”. The best time to visit is from June to September， when the weather is great. And try to visit at sunrise or sunset. That’s when the “Rainbow Mountains” show their most amazing colours， changing right in front of you！
（　D　）16.How old is the geological history of Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park？
A.About 100 million years. B.Around 200 million years.
C.Nearly 400 million years. D.Over 500 million years.
（　B　）17.What caused the colourful rock layers in the park？
A.Wind and rain erosion（侵蚀） over centuries.
B.Earth’s plate movements and rock buildup.
C.Human painting with natural pretty colours.
D.Red sandstone piled on top of each other.
（　C　）18.What is special about the “Seven－Colour Fan”？
A.It looks like a sleeping beauty.
B.It is the highest cliff in the park.
C.It has many different bright colours.
D.It is in the shape of an ancient castle.
（　A　）19.When is the best time to see the Rainbow Mountains’ most amazing colours？
A.At sunrise or sunset.
B.During midday sunshine.
C.On rainy summer days.
D.In winter snowy weather.
第二课时　3a－3d
@激活基础
Ⅰ.任务型完形填空辨识训练
trip， cost， waterfall， carry， ancient
1.We must find the missing document at all 　costs　. 【考点】
2.These backpacks are designed for 　carrying　 heavy objects.
3.In August， my parents and I took a five－day 　trip　 in Shenzhen.
4.Huangguoshu 　Waterfall　 is about 80 metres high.
5.（2025张掖月考改编）We saw an 　ancient　 tree in the park. It was 500 years old.
Ⅱ.语法与情景对话
（　C　）6.Alan’s job is 　　　　 films. He is a director.
A.produce　　B.to producing　　C.to produce　　D.produced
（　B　）7.More and more people learn the importance of labor（劳动） education. It is good for students’ 　　　　.【考点】
A.stress　　B.development　　C.situation　　D.decision
（　A　）8.（2025酒泉期中改编）—I heard you are going to move to Lanzhou next week.
—Yes. 　　　　， do you know anyone living there？
A.By the way　　B.On the way　　C.In the way　　D.On a way
（　A　）9.—Does Amy jump 　　　　 of all the students in her class？
—No. Lucy can jump even 　　　　.
A.farthest； farther　　B.farther； farther
C.farther； farthest　　D.farthest； farthest
（　C　）10.—How was your trip to Hangzhou？
—　　　　. We had a great time by the West Lake.
A.Terrible　　B.Boring　　C.Fantastic　　D.Expensive
Ⅲ. 根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子（每空限填一词）
11.中国最大的城市是哪个？
　What’s　 the 　biggest/largest　 city in China？
12.所有的公共交通方式都停运。
　All　 　means　 of public transport were cancelled.
13.欢迎回来！新学年是一个新的开始。
　Welcome　 　back　！ The new school year is a new start.
14.通过观鸟，我们可以了解鸟类是如何生活的。
From bird－watching， we can 　learn/know　 　about　 how birds live.
15.中华文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。
The 　Chinese　 　civilization　 is one of the oldest in the world.
@知能提升
Ⅳ.完形填空
　　格陵兰岛和冰岛的秘密 Greenland is the largest island in the world. It is in the 　16　 of Europe. Near Greenland is another island. It is small. Its 　17　 is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland is green and warm？ Do you think that Iceland is white with ice？ If you do， you are 　18　. Not many people live on the big island of Greenland. There must be more people in your hometown than in all of Greenland. That is 　19　 Greenland is not green.
　　Greenland is 　20　. Most of the island is covered with lots of ice. The ice covering Greenland is 　21　 than the world’s tallest building. What about Iceland？ Is 　22　 colder than Greenland？ No， it is not. Iceland has ice， but not so much ice in Greenland. It has 　23　 hot springs（泉）. They give out hot water and steam（水蒸气）. The weather here is not as 　24　 as Greenland. And there are a lot more people who 　25　 in Iceland.
（　C　）16.A.east　　B.west　　C.north　　D.south
（　B　）17.A.village　　B.name　　C.farm　　D.town
（　A　）18.A.wrong　　B.clever　　C.right　　D.bright
（　A　）19.A.because　　B.so　　C.but　　D.therefore
（　D　）20.A.yellow　　B.brown　　C.blue　　D.white
（　D　）21.A.smaller　　B.wider　　C.better　　D.higher
（　C　）22.A.he　　B.they　　C.it　　D.she
（　A　）23.A.a lot of　　B.so much　　C.much too　　D.a little
（　B　）24.A.warm　　B.cold　　C.hot　　D.cool
（　C　）25.A.protect　　B.succeed　　C.live　　D.lead
导图记语法 4　形容词和副词的比较级和最高级全解析（复习）&大数字的读法 Grammar Focus （4a－4d）
一、形容词和副词的比较级
　　（一）形容词和副词的比较级的变化
　　1.规则变化
单词类型 构成方法 例词
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，在词尾加－er long—longer， loud—louder
以不发音的字母e结尾，在词尾加－r large—larger， simple—simpler
重读闭音节词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加－er big—bigger， thin—thinner
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加－er happy—happier， friendly—friendlier
部分双音节词和多音节词 词前加more slowly—more slowly， interesting—more interesting
　　2.不规则变化（部分特例）
原级 比较级
good/well better
bad/badly worse
many/much more
little less
far farther/further
　　（二）形容词和副词的比较级的用法和句型
　　当对两个人或事物进行比较时，需使用形容词或副词的比较级。副词比较级的用法与形容词比较级的用法极其相似。在“比较级＋than”结构中，如果than前后使用的实义动词相同，通常用助动词替代后面的实义动词，有时该动词（无论是实义动词还是助动词）还可以省略。常见句型包括：
　　1.A＋be动词＋形容词比较级＋than＋B.
　　She is stronger than Tom because she exercises every day.她比汤姆强壮，因为她每天锻炼。
　　Peter is more outgoing than Li Hua， but they have similar interests.彼得比李华更外向，但他们有相似的兴趣。
　　2.A＋实义动词＋形容词比较级＋名词＋than＋B.
　　She has less free time than her sister.她的空闲时间比她姐姐的少。
　　3.A＋实义动词＋副词比较级＋than＋B.
　　Mary writes better than her twin sister.玛丽比她的孪生妹妹写得好。
　　【拓展】比较级的特殊结构：
　　1.“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”，如colder and colder （越来越冷）。当形容词需要加more 构成比较级时，则变为“more and more＋形容词原级”，如more and more beautiful（越来越美丽）。
　　2.“the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓语），the＋比较级（＋主语＋谓语）”表示“越……，越……”。
　　The cheaper， the better.越便宜越好。
二、形容词和副词的最高级
　　（一）定义
　　形容词和副词的最高级用于对三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较，表示“最……”的含义。
　　（二）形容词和副词的最高级的构成
　　1.规则变化
构成方法 原级 最高级
一般情况下，在词尾加－est long longest
以不发音的e结尾的词，词尾加－st nice nicest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加－est happy happiest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加－est thin thinnest
　　2.不规则变化（部分特例）
原级 最高级
good/well best
bad/ill worst
little least
many/much most
far farthest/furthest
　　（三）形容词和副词最高级的标志
　　1.形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the，副词最高级前面的the可以省略。
　　She was the happiest girl at her birthday party yesterday. 她是昨天生日聚会上最快乐的女孩。
　　注意：当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰时，不使用定冠词the；而当最高级前有序数词修饰时，定冠词the应置于序数词之前。
　　Among all the subjects， physics is my worst one.在所有科目中，物理是我最差的一门。
　　The river is the second longest river in the world. 这条河是世界上第二长的河。
　　2.形容词和副词的最高级常与由介词in或of引导的短语连用，以说明比较的范围。两者的用法区别如下：
　　（1）in＋范围：表示“在某个地点、时间或群体范围内”，该范围中的成员不一定是同类。
　　She is the tallest in her class. 她是班上最高的。（班上所有人，无论性别或年龄，都包括在内）
　　（2）of＋名词/代词：表示“在某一类相同性质的人或物中”，of后的名词或代词必须与被比较的对象属于同一类别。
　　He is the oldest of the three brothers. 他是三兄弟中最年长的。（三兄弟之间比较，同类）
　　（四）含形容词和副词最高级的句式
　　含有形容词或副词最高级的句子的基本结构为：“主语＋谓语（＋the）＋形容词或副词最高级＋比较范围”。此外，形容词和副词的最高级也常出现在以下句型中：
　　1.Who/Which…， A， B or C？
　　在选择疑问句中，当有三个或三个以上选项可供选择，并用or连接时，应使用形容词或副词的最高级。
　　Which do you think is the most beautiful， the rose， the peony， or the lotus flower？ 你认为玫瑰、牡丹和莲花哪个最漂亮？
　　2.“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。
　　The smart desk may be one of the most popular inventions of all time in our school. 智能书桌或许是我们学校有史以来最受欢迎的发明之一。
　　（五）形容词和副词的最高级意义也可以通过含有比较级的结构来表达。常见的句型有：
　　1.形容词/副词比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
　　Daniel got to school earlier than any other student. 丹尼尔比其他学生更早到学校。
　　2.形容词/副词比较级＋than＋the other＋复数名词
　　This dress is worse than the other two. 这条裙子比另外两条差。
三、英语中大数字的读法
　　（一）先记住以下单位：
中文 英文 数字表示
百 hundred 100
千 thousand 1，000
百万 million 1，000，000
十亿 billion 1，000，000，000
万亿 trillion 1，000，000，000，000
　　（二）标准读法规则
标准读法规则
1.三位一组，从右向左逗号分隔的每个部分代表一个单位 例如：1，234，567读作：one million， two hundred （and） thirty－four thousand， five hundred （and） sixty－seven
2.百位数的读法 100＝one hundred 235＝two hundred （and） thirty－five
3.千位数的两种读法 正式：1，500＝one thousand （and） five hundred 非正式：1，500＝fifteen hundred
4.百万以上的大数字 1，000，000＝one million 1，250，000＝one million， two hundred （and） fifty thousand 3，000，000，000＝three billion
　　【特殊情况和易错点】
　　1.and的使用
　　英式英语：在百位和十位之间加and
　　325＝three hundred and twenty－five
　　美式英语：通常省略and
　　2.复数形式
　　具体数字不加s：five hundred（ √ ）
　　five hundreds（ × ）
　　泛指时要加s：hundreds of people（ √ ）
　　3.零的读法
　　1，001＝one thousand one（不读zero）
　　1，010＝one thousand ten
　　4.小数点的读法
　　3.14＝three point one four
　　0.5＝zero point five或 point five
　　【实用技巧】
　　1.分节记忆法：
　　遇到大数字时，先按逗号分节，例如：12，345，678→12 milion/345 thousand/678
　　2.日常简化读法：
　　?$1.5M＝one point five million dollars
　　200K＝two hundred kay（非正式场合）
　　3.年份读法：
　　1999＝nineteen ninety－nine
　　2008＝two thousand eight
2020＝twenty twenty
@变式练语法
Ⅰ.语法与情景对话
（　C　）1.All the singers have finished singing. Let’s choose the 　　　　 one from them.
A.good　 B.better　　C.best　　D.well
（　D　）2.Huahua is one of 　　　　 pandas in China.
A.cute　　B.cuter　　C.cutest　　D.the cutest
（　D　）3.Which colour do you like 　　　　， purple， orange or pink？
A.well　　B.good　　C.better　　D.best
（　D　）4.（2025镇江中考）Among the characters in Journey to the West， I like the Monkey King 　　　　.
A.good　　B.well　　C.better　　D.best
（　C　）5.Dongjiang Lake is a good place to have fun and 　　　　 tourists go camping there in summer.
A.hundred　　B.hundreds　　C.hundreds of　　D.hundred of
（　D　）6.（2025临夏中考）Qomolangma is 　　　　 mountain in the world.
A.high　　B.higher　　C.highest　　D.the highest
（　D　）7.（2025北京中考）The National Library of China is 　　　　 public library in Asia.
A.large　　B.larger　　C.largest　　D.the largest
（　C　）8.—Canada is one of the largest 　　　　 in the world.
—Yes， it is larger than 　　　　 country in Asia.
A.country； any other　　B.countries； any other
C.countries； any　　D.country； any
Ⅱ.词汇考查
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
9.Ginkgo trees are some of the 　most　（many） ancient trees.
10.Practise more， and you will solve math problems 　more easily　（easy） than before.
11.I like watching the first clown（小丑） because he looks 　funnier　（funny） than the second one.
12.You can buy movie tickets the 　most quickly　 （quickly） at the Movie World of the three cinemas.
13.（2025天水期末） Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second 　largest　 （large） in Shanghai.
Ⅲ.写出或拼出括号中对应的数字
14.Mount K2（乔戈里峰） is 　8，611　 （eight thousand， six hundred and eleven） metres high.
15.The maximum flow rate of Iguazu Falls（伊瓜苏大瀑布） during the rainy season is 　12，750　（twelve thousand， seven hundred and fifty） cubic metres per second.
16.The Baikal Rift（贝加尔裂谷） is about 1，600（　one thousand and six hundred　） kilometres long.
17.The Sahara Desert has a total area of about 9，320，000 （　nine million， three hundred （and） twenty thousand　） square kilometres.
Section B　Why do we explore nature？
第三课时　1a－1e
@激活基础
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词
1.She tapped him on the 　shoulder　（肩膀）.
2.Children show 　curiosity　（好奇心） about everything.
3.The pollution of rivers makes it hard for fish to 　survive　（生存）.
4.You can enjoy all the water sports， or 　simply　（仅仅） lie on the beach.
5.My brother is a great 　climber　（攀登者）. He goes climbing every week.
Ⅱ.词汇考查
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6.An 　explorer　 （explore） found a beautiful flower.
7.The weather is 　changeable　（change） in the mountains.
8.Our study 　conditions　（condition） are much better than before.
9.When hearing the 　death　（dead） of his pet dog， the boy cried sadly.
10.Everyone started to cheer when the spaceship returned to Earth 　successfully　（successful）.
Ⅲ.语法与情景对话
（　B　）11.She risked 　　　　 own life to save a disabled woman. 【考点】
A.she　　 B.her　　 C.hers　 D.herself
（　D　）12.It was ten 　　　　 below zero last night.
A.ways　　B.changes　　C.directions　　D.degrees
（　B　）13.Mohe in Heilongjiang Province is 　　　　 of China. 【考点】
A.at the north end　　B.in the northern part
C.on the north part　　D.in the north end
（　C　）14.The dog in Picture 　　　　 is above the ball.
A.　　B.　　C.　　D.
（　B　）15.—Look at the photograph. 　　　　 lively the ancient city was！
—Yes， it’s amazing. 　　　　 beautiful city it is now！
A.How； How　　B.How； What a
C.What； How　　D.What； What
Ⅳ.根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子（每空限填一词）
16.昨天一个店员量了量马里奥的身高。
A shop worker 　measured　 Mario’s 　height　 yesterday.
17.重庆巫山的一些村民住在高高的悬崖下。
Some villagers in Wushan， Chongqing lived under the 　high　 　cliffs　.
18.老人开始逐渐地失去记忆，变得健忘。
The old man began to lose his memory 　bit　 　by　 　bit　， becoming forgetful.
19.他追求的目标是将来在月球上开一家快餐店。
His 　ambition　 is 　to　 open a fast－food restaurant on the moon in the future.
20.我舅舅在他的青少年时期就对生物产生了浓厚的兴趣，并立志成为一名医生。
My uncle showed great interest in biology in his teens and was 　determined　 　to　 become a doctor.
@知能提升
Ⅴ.完形填空
　　“野蛮之山”K2 Have you ever heard of Mount K2？ It’s known as the Savage Mountain， because many people died or got hurt while 　21　 it.
　　K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after Mount Qomolangma. People never climb Mount K2 in 　22　. Both storms and cold weather make it 　23　 to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous as one of the most 　24　mountains to climb. It is known as different 　25　 such as Chhogori， Ketu and Mount Godwin－Austen. The name Chhogori 　26　 “the king of mountains”. This mountain lies on the border（边界） between Pakistan and China.
　　A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other 　27　 of the mountain lies in Xinjiang， China. Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured its height. He named the 　28　 K2， where later “K” stood for Kechu according to the local Balti people. K2 was the 　29　 mountain listed， so the name included the number “2”. The best time to climb K2 is between April and October. It 　30　 at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing.
（　A　）21.A.climbing　B.walking　C.swimming　D.moving
（　D　）22.A.spring　　B.summer　　C.autumn　　D.winter
（　B　）23.A.important　　B.impossible　C.silent　　D.amazing
（　A　）24.A.difficult　　B.easy　　C.interesting　　D.sleepy
（　A　）25.A.names　　B.places　　C.mountains　　D.trees
（　D　）26.A.listens　　B.shows　　C.calls　　D.means
（　B　）27.A.nature　　B.part　　C.top　　D.field
（　A　）28.A.mountain　　B.people　　C.river　　D.protection
（　B　）29.A.first　　B.second　　C.third　　D.fourth
（　C　）30.A.spends　　B.joins　　C.takes　　D.goes
第四课时　Vocabulary in Use
@激活基础
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词
1.You can take a boat trip along the 　coast　（海岸）.
2.There are many 　natural　（自然的） wonders in our country.
3.The little kids like building something on the 　sand　（沙子）.
4.Rock climbing is a challenging and 　risky　（有危险的） sport.
5.Her hobbies 　include　（包含） painting， dancing and stamp collecting.
Ⅱ. 任务型完形填空辨识训练
travel， curious， alive， south， underwater
6.Rice is the main crop in 　southern　 China.
7.Doing exercise can keep your brain 　alive　.
8.The arrival of the new teacher made the students 　curious　.
9.Those 　travellers/travelers　 from England visited our school yesterday.
10.The seaweeds（海藻） grow 　underwater　 and provide food for many sea animals.
@知能提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
　　探索全球岛屿数量之最 Many countries around the world can be proud of having the most of something. Canada has the most lakes—around 879，000，while Russia has the most trees. About 46.6％ percent of the land there is forest.
　　When it comes to islands， which country tops the list？
　　Canada is much bigger in size， but it has fewer islands than Sweden， Finland and Norway in Northern Europe. Among them， Sweden gets the first place. Although it is not a big country， it has lots of lakes and islands. Most of the islands there have no people living. Some islands are just 25 square metres. That’s about the size of a one－car garage（车库）.
　　Some islands are out of repair. People even can’t remember their names clearly. It’s interesting that if you travel to Sweden， it’s hard to notice you’ve come to a country of thousands of islands. However， there are two main islands which are large enough to provide nice living environment for most people in Sweden.
阅读以上材料，判读下列句子正误。正确填A、错误填B。
（　B　）11.The passage mainly talks about the most of something in every country around the world.
（　B　）12.The number of islands in Australia is eight times more than that in Thailand.
（　A　）13.According to the list，the top three countries for the most islands are all in Northern Europe.
（　A　）14.The writer describes how small some islands are in Sweden by numbering and comparing.
（　B　）15.We can get the reason why these islands in Sweden are out of repair from the passage.
单元主题写作 （*Project & Reflecting）
@写作主题剖析
　　本单元的话题是“自然生态与地理特征”，要求学生能够用英语描述不同地区的自然景观、地理特征（如山脉、河流、气候、植被等）及其对人类生活的影响，同时关注生态环境现状，探讨保护自然资源的必要性与可行措施。常见的写作任务包括：介绍某一国家或地区的典型自然环境与地理特点，对比不同地域的生态差异，或结合实例说明人类活动与自然环境之间的相互关系。通过本单元的学习，引导学生拓宽国际视野，增强生态意识和可持续发展观念，培养尊重自然、珍爱地球的责任感，树立人与自然和谐共生的价值观。
@写作素材积累
I.重点短语
1.平方千米 　square kilometre　
2.一点一点地；逐渐地 　bit by bit　
3.中华文明 　Chinese civilization　
4.高的悬崖 　high cliff　
5.下定决心 　be determined to　
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.　Welcome back　（欢迎回来）！
2.What is the 　biggest desert　（最大的沙漠） in the world？
3.Where is the 　deepest point　（最深的地方） in the ocean？
4.Some blind animals can “see” 　as well as　（和……一样好） others.
5.Mount Qomolangma is 　still growing taller　（还在长高）.
6.The Yangtze River travels 　the farthest　（最远地） in China and is about 6，300 　kilometres　（千米） long.
@高分范文欣赏
　　你是李华，你收到了一封来自美国的朋友Alex的电子邮件，请根据邮件内容给他回信。
Dear Li Hua，
　　I called you at five this afternoon， but you didn’t answer. What were you doing at that time？ These days I am taking some Chinese lessons， and I am very interested in China now. I want to learn more about your country. Can you tell me something about your country？ For example， I want to know about the highest mountain， the longest river， the symbolic animal and so on. Oh， I also learned a story called Yugong Moves the Mountains in Chinese class. I think it’s impossible for a man to move two giant mountains. Do you know the story？ What’s your opinion about the story？
　　Have a nice day！
Yours，
Alex
提示：
1.下午五点你正在帮妈妈做晚饭。
2.珠穆朗玛峰（Qomolangma）是中国最高峰，也是世界最高峰，比其他的山都高。
3.长江（Yangzte River）是中国最长的河，也是世界第三长河。
4.其他内容可适当发挥。
5.不少于80词。开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
【例文拆解】
Dear Alex，
　　Thank you for your email！
　　I was helping my mum with dinner at five this afternoon. （①表明写作意图，回应邮件内容，解释没有接到电话的原因） I am very glad to hear that you like Chinese culture. In my country， Qomolangma is the highest mountain， and it’s also the highest mountain in the world， higher than the other mountains in the world. The Yangtze River is the longest river in my country and it’s the third longest river in the world. The panda is a symbol of China. They are very cute， and most of them live in the mountains in Sichuan. If you want to see them， you can go to Chengdu.（if引导的条件状语从句）（②具体阐述写作内容，介绍珠穆朗玛峰、长江、国宝熊猫） I also learned Yugong Moves the Mountains in English class. I think the story teaches us that we could never know what’s possible unless we try to make it happen. （that 引导的宾语从句；unless引导的条件状语从句）　（③阐述对《愚公移山》的看法）
　　Hope you can travel to China one day！ （④书写结语，表达希望Alex能来中国旅游的愿望）
Yours，
Li Hua
@学以致用
　　丰富多彩的暑假生活即将开始，除了复习功课，预习新知，参加社会劳动等，游学也是重要的一部分。你认为最美丽的自然景观是哪里呢？请根据下面的导图要求向同学介绍一下。
要求：1. 要点全面，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范，真实表达。
2.词数70词左右。
3.请勿在文中使用真实的学校、班级和姓名。
4.首句已经给出。
　　In my opinion， the most beautiful natural place is 　Qinghai Lake. It lies in Qinghai Province， in the northwest of China.　
　The lake looks like a huge blue mirror under the sun. Surrounding it are green grasslands and colourful wild flowers in summer. Lots of seagulls fly over the water， making it even more lively.　
　I like it because the air there is fresh and the view is peaceful. It helps me forget tiredness from study and feel close to nature. It’s really a wonderful place to visit during summer vacation！　
单元考点专练
1　below与反义词above的用法，辨析below与under
用below或under填空
1.He dived 　below　 the surface of the water.
2.There are two big boxes 　under　 my bed.
3.Read the following passage and answer the questions 　below　.
4.My grandma stood 　under　 the tree， with a big smile on her face.
用below或above填空
Eco－drones： Eyes in the Sky and Underground
生态无人机：天地间的监测眼
　　微语段练习At our school’s Green Tech Club， we use drones（无人机） to study nature. The drone flies 5.　above　 the trees—usually about 100 metres 6.　above　 ground level—to take photos of forests. At the same time， a sensor（传感器） underground records data 7.　below　 the surface， like soil moisture（土壤水分） and temperatures.
　　Scientists compare what’s 8.　below　 the ground with what’s 9.　above　， so they can protect ecosystems better. It’s amazing how much we can learn from both worlds！
2　辨析die，dying，dead和death
语法与情景对话
（　C　）10.Jim’s father 　　　　 two years ago. Jim misses him very much.
A.death　 　 B.dead　　C.died　　D.dying
（　C　）11.The 　　　　 of the famous sci－entist made the whole country feel sad.
A.die　　B.dead　　C.death　　D.dying
（　B　）12.The 　　　　 dog was lying on the ground. It seemed it was going to die.
A.die　　B.dying　　C.dead　　D.death
（　B　）13.At last， the poor boy was 　　　　. But people didn’t know the reason for his 　　　　.
A.died； death　　B.dead； death
C.dead； die　　D.died； die
（　A　）14.The poor dog 　　　　 two days ago. Its 　　　　 body was found in the yard this morning.
A.died； dead　　B.dead； died
C.death； dead　　D.died； death
3　risk的用法
用方框中所给单词或短语填空，每个单词或短语可重复使用
risky， take a risk， risk， at risk
　　微语段练习Exploring glaciers（冰川） is exciting but full of danger. The ice is melting fast， so the area is 15.　at risk　. Many paths are unstable—it’s too 16.　risky　 to walk alone. Scientists say animals here are also 17.　at risk　 because of climate change.
　　Still， Maya decided to 18.　take a risk　 and join a research team. “Yes， there’s a 19.　risk　，” she said. “But we must protect these wonders before it’s too late.”
甘肃特色题型专练
　　2025年和政古生物化石群与张掖彩色丘陵正式进入联合国教科文组织世界自然遗产申报程序，全省努力将独特的自然景观转化为可持续发展的生态资产，彰显“美丽甘肃”的战略定位。请完成1～20题。
Ⅰ.口语交际
阅读下面的对话，根据上下文，从方框内选择恰当的选项补全对话，使句意完整、符合逻辑。（其中有两项为多余选项）
A.That’s right. B.You’re welcome. C.How wide is it？ D.Oh， it’s about the Yellow River. E.They are the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. F.Which river do you want to know？ G.Wow， that’s amazing！
（Lily and Xiao Meng are talking about rivers in China. A is for Lily； B is for Xiao Meng.）
A： Xiao Meng， could you tell me about rivers in China？
B： Sure. There are many rivers in China. 1.　F　
A： I want to know about the river in Wang Zhihuan’s On the Stork Tower（《登鹳雀楼》）.
B： 2.　D　 It’s 5，464 kilometres long.
A： Over five thousand kilometres？ That’s really a long river.
B： Yes， you’re right.
A： 3.　C　
B： At some places， it is about 20 kilometres wide.
A： 4.　G　
B： Yes. And in China， the Yellow River is a mother river.
A： Thank you for telling me so much.
B： 5.　B　
Ⅱ.阅读理解
　　2025——冰川保护年 The UN has made two big decisions. It said 2025 would be the Year of Glacier Preservation（保护）. Also， March 21， 2025， was set as the first World Day for Glaciers. Why？ Because glaciers are super important for life on Earth， and the UN wants everyone to help protect them.
　　Glaciers are made of ice and snow. They move slowly across the land. As years go by， layer after layer（层） of snow piles up and becomes glacier ice. Glaciers have changed the shape of mountains and valleys over a long time. They’re still doing this today. When glaciers melt， they give nutrients（营养） to lakes， rivers， and oceans. These nutrients are like the building blocks of the food chain in water. They also create homes for lots of plants and animals near streams. What’s more， glaciers are a really important water source. Around 10％ of the world’s land has glaciers， and they store about 70％ of Earth’s fresh water.
　　But glaciers are in big trouble now. Climate change is making them disappear. In Colombia， for example， 90％ of its glaciers have been lost since the mid－19th century. If the temperature keeps going up， glaciers will lose even more mass by 2100. This will mean less water for people to drink and use for farming. It will also put more pressure on local ecosystems（生态系统） and make floods more dangerous. So， it’s really important for us to work together to protect glaciers.
（　A　）6.Why did the UN set the Year of Glacier Preservation and World Day for Glaciers？
A.To encourage people to protect glaciers for the future.
B.To attract more people to visit glacier areas.
C.To study the structure of glaciers better.
D.To show the power of glaciers in shaping the Earth.
（　D　）7.The underlined word “mass” in the passage probably means “　　　　”.
A.colour　　B.shape　　C.height　　D.weight
（　B　）8.What can we infer from the passage？
A.Only scientists can help protect glaciers.
B.If we protect glaciers， we can also help ourselves.
C.Climate change isn’t related to glaciers.
D.Glaciers will not change in the future.
（　A　）9.Which of the following is a problem caused by glaciers disappearing？
A.The food chain in water will be broken.
B.There will be more fresh water in the sea.
C.There will be fewer floods.
D.Ecosystems will be healthier.
（　D　）10.What is the best title for this passage？
A.The Magic of Glaciers
B.How Glaciers Are Formed
C.The Changes of Glaciers
D.Glaciers and Our Future
Ⅲ.任务型完形填空
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。
surface， south， deep， survive， bit， unusual， metre， explorer， below， of
　　藏在沙漠里的地下湖 Deep in the 11.　southern　 part of the Sahara Desert， one of the world’s largest deserts， scientists made an amazing discovery. 12.　Below　 the hot sand， about 200 13.　metres　 deep， lies a huge underground lake！ This lake is not on the 14.　surface　， but hidden at the 15.　depth　 of the Earth’s crust（地壳）.
　　The water is fresh and clean—enough to help people 16.　survive　 in this dry area. Researchers believe the lake formed bit by 17.　bit　 over thousands of years. Its existence（存在） shows how 18.　unusual　 nature can be！
　　Many 19.　explorers　 once thought nothing could live here. But now， small plants and even insects have been found nearby. This discovery may change how we see deserts—from dead zones to places full 20.　of　 life and mystery（神秘）.

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