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中考英语二轮专题：任务型完形填空
阅读下面的短文,用所给单词的适当形式填空,使文意通顺、正确。(每个单词或短语限用一次)
I
health,kind,complete,treat,however,action,something,join,difference,expect
Do you like making someone smile A study shows that doing one 1. ____ thing every day for a week can make you happier. Kindness means doing a good thing for other people because you want to,and without 2. ____
anything in return. Kindness also means treating people the way you'd like to be 3. ____ . Even small actions can make a big 4. ____ . Smiling at someone,including them in a game or listening when they need to talk are all kind actions. 5. ____ , being kind doesn't mean you always have to give in. It means respecting yourself and other people at the same time. Kindness can 6. ____ change someone's day. If a person is feeling sad,worried or left out,a kind word or 7. ____ can help them feel valued and less alone. Giving others encouragement can help you make better friends. It's also good for your health. When you do a good thing,your brain produces chemicals that make you feel happier. 8. ____ and more connected to each other. It's easy to do a kind deed every day because there are so many things to try.Saying 9. ____ nice can brighten someone's day.Try to notice how others are feeling. If someone looks sad or is sitting alone,invite them 10. ____ in. Another way is to listen properly when someone speaks. Sometimes giving someone your full attention is the kindest gift.
Ⅱ
star, still, good, rest, how, pollution, stop, small, because of, towards
Look up at the sky at night. What can you see Before electric lights, people could often see about 2, 500 different stars. Now, light fills the skies over our cities. This is called light 1. . Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten 2. .
Most of the time, light helps us. We can see 3. it. It gives plants energy. But light isn't always 4. good. We need times of dark 5. . One hundred years ago, we had those times of dark. Now the night is like day. Some scientists are worried about 6.________ how this light affects(影响)our health. These scientists are studying the effects of light pollution.
Other scientists are finding ways to 7._______ stop light pollution and make our lives better. Forexample, many streetlights now have covers. The covers focus the light 8. ______ the ground.They stop the light from going up into the sky, they also save energy. The covers are a 9. ______change, but they can 10. ______ have a positive(正面的) effect.
Ⅲ
especially, help, one, this, be, think about, terrible, enough, live in, from
Dear Mr. President,
I have been doing a project at school recently about animals in danger. I think their livingenvironment is 1. bad in our country. I am writing to you to suggest what we should do 2. ______animals now.
I feel so sorry for the giant pandas. It's 3. ______ of the most popular animals in the worldand a symbol of China. We've learnt that pandas mainly live on bamboo. I think we should try todo more to protect people 4. ______ destroying their forests.
Other animals we should protect more is the Chinese alligator(扬子鳄). They 5. ______some areas of eastern China, and now the water there isn't clear 6. ______ for them to live in. Thegovernment should stop factories from polluting the lakes and rivers.
If we protect 7. ______ beautiful animals in China, more people may wish to visit China tosee them. They could 8. ______ an important tourist attraction. It would be good if more peoplecome to visit our beautiful country, 9. ______ some quiet places in the country.
I hope you will encourage more people to 10. ______ such an important subject.
Yours sincerely,
Tian Wang
Ⅳ
clean, gift, visit, find, and, hour, happy, silent, when, again
My grandfather lived alone in a small village after my grandmother died. The only fun timeshe had were when we 1. ______ him during holidays.
Last summer, he cleaned the whole house to welcome us. While he was 2. ______ the barn,he lost his watch on his wrist. It was a 3. ______ from my grandmother. When we arrived, wefound that he was 4. ______. We wondered what was wrong with him. He told us that he couldn't5. ______ his watch. I asked him 6. ______ he had last seen his watch. He remembered it was about to clean the barn. So we began to look for it. We spent two 7. ______ searching, but found nothing.
I asked them to leave the barn and I would look for the watch 8. ____ by myself. Minutes later, I brought the watch back to my grandfather. They all wanted to know how I did it. I told them that I just sat in the barn 9. ____. After a few minutes, I heard a "tick - tick" sound and found the watch. My grandfather was so happy that he hugged me 10. ____ thanked me.
That is the power of silence. If we stay quiet, we can find solutions more easily.
Ⅴ
further, successfully, heat, beauty, under, argue, best, including, special, work
Over the course of a translation career(生涯)lasting more than seventy years, Xu has translated about 120 works, 3. ____. The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu and The Red and the Black, with a 4. ____ focus on poetry(诗歌).
Xu is also the only person in China who has 5. ____ translated poetry to and from Chinese, English and French, in a very precise(准确的) and beautiful way. His 6. ____ are often chosen as textbooks for foreign language learners.
Xu pays much attention to the 7. ____ of image, sound and form. He will leave something out and add something to make the translated works more beautiful. During his translation career, he has been at the center of many 8. ____ debates(辩论) with other translators. But Xu said, "I am not afraid of 9. ____ because the truth becomes clearer with each debate."
At the age of 97, Xu was still working hard at translating. He said, "I start my work at 3:30 in the morning because I like doing what I like." He was writing more about his own life.
When he was 100 years old. He stopped his translation of The Complete Works of William Shakespeare.
To everyone, he sends a wish: Good, better, best. Never let it rest until your good is better and your better is 10. ____.
Ⅵ
helpful, play games, be supposed to, take the subway, down, but, can't, be bad for, who, our
Some Etiquette(礼仪)in Modern Life
Do you often use a cell phone Do you 1. ______ to school every day These items make our modern life easier. But do you know how we should behave properly while using them The following suggestions might be 2. ______.
For cell phone users:
◆ Keep your voice 3. ______ when you make a phone call in public.
Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And you'd better not use it during an appointment(约会).
◆ Stop sending messages or 4. ______ with your cell phone at a dinner or a party. It's a good time to communicate with your family and friends.
◆ Don't make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers 5. ______ also against the law.
For subway passengers:
◆ You 6. ______ wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the subway.
◆ You're not allowed to eat, drink or smoke on the subway train. The smell and noise may trouble others. It's 7. ______ duty to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking 8. ______ health.
◆ You 9. ______ take pets on the train. As we all know, animals may spread diseases (传播疾病) and get the train dirty.
◆ You'd better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn't crowded. Offering your seat to someone 10. ______ needs it is regarded as good manners.
Ⅶ
fast, build, in, I, minute, held, or, fall, because, else
Everyone can be the best at something. Last week, a middle school in Beijing 1. ______ an activity called Guinness Campus (校园吉尼斯) to help students find their potential(潜力). "There are all kinds of projects you can take part in and all kinds of records for you to set," said ninth grader Lin Yan. "I chose 'Domino Tower' 2. ______ I have the most confidence in this."
Students needed to 3. ______ a tower using dominoes(多米诺骨牌). Whoever built the tallest tower in one minute won. Lin set the record with 33 levels. "At first I didn't do it very well, but after trying over and over again, I found some ways to do it much 4. ______, " she said. "The game requires you to be both calm and patient. If you lose your temper(脾气) when the tower 5. ______, you may lose the chance to win."
Seventh grader Wang Shuangqi set a record for the longest juggle(颠球)of a soccer ball with one foot. He did it for 4 6. ____ and 34 seconds. “I have been practicing juggling for three 7. ____ four years, so I'm confident,” said Wang. “Juggling with only one foot needs balance and stability(稳定性), and I'm talented 8. ____.”
When asked if he was afraid that someone 9. ____ would break his record one day, Wang said he was expecting that to happen. “During the activity, we keep reaching higher goals. If someone breaks 10. ____ record, I'll be even more encouraged to try harder, finding more potential with in me.”
Ⅷ
usual, work, we, teach, child, know, the, be, to, exciting
Mr. Gordon was a kind old man and the 1. ____ liked him. They enjoyed his lessons and he enjoyed 2. ____ them.
One day, he visited Mr. Wood's farm and talked to the Woods. “I 3. ____ a teacher for forty years, but I have never met a boy like Tony. He is very special. He needs 4. ____ with other musical boys and girls. I know his parents are poor, but I can give him 5. ____ first piano lesson. And maybe Tony can go 6. ____ the College of Music in the daytime and work in a restaurant in the evenings.”
“No, he needn't.” said Mr. Wood. “Tony is a good boy. He is like a son to 7. ____. His parents are poor, but we are not. We will pay for his education.”
“That's right!” said his wife. She was 8. ____ a quiet woman, but she was 9. ____ with bright eyes.
Tony 10. ____ nothing about their conversation. He was cleaning Mr. Wood's new car when Mr. Gordon visited the farm. But that visit changed his life.
Ⅸ
produce, from, a, fill, place, space, and, true, scientist, pleasure
We can find Chinese people growing vegetables tirelessly in every corner of the world. When the Chinese move into a house in 1. ____ foreign country, they always grow vegetables in the garden. Even at the frozen South Pole(南极), there's a “vegetable greenhouse” built up by the members of Zhongshan Scientific Research Station, which 2. ____ provides enough vegetables. Such a difficult situation cannot stop those 3. ____ love for vegetable growing.
Although more cheap and fresh vegetables 4. ____ on the shelves of supermarkets, the
Chinese people's love for growing vegetables themselves never goes away. Besides, some people even build virtual(虚拟的) farms in smart phones to get the 5. ______ of growing vegetables.
Why do many Chinese grow vegetables in both daily lives and the virtual world
Such love comes from the Chinese history. 6. ______ their stomachs, Chinese people have formed a tradition of hard work. In China's culture, working hard solves the stomach problem 7. ______ studying satisfies the hunger for knowledge.
And now, smarter technologies are used for growing vegetables. Even in the outer space, Chinese astronaut Jing Haipeng showed how he grew vegetables in 8. ______ laboratory of Tiangong-2 space station. Nothing can prevent the Chinese people 9. ______ vegetable growing. The "Chinese vegetable gardens" 10. ______ hopes across the world, and they also carry the best wishes of the Chinese people to their ancestors.
X
tell, work, real, help, because, a, I, with, confident, month
My name is Rebeca and I'm 11. I'm from beautiful Brazil! But my family live in a poor area, and life isn't easy. My father 1. ______ hard so my brother and I can go to school. And we always come straight home after school 2. ______ with the housework. But I have a dream football! And I want to tell you how football has changed my life.
My dad wanted my big brother to be 3. ______ football player, but he didn't like training. I loved football and when I played I felt happy and forgot about everything around 4. ______. My mum said, "Football isn't for girls." The boys at school didn't want to play 5. ______ a girl either, but when they saw I was good, I got the chance to join them.
One day I 6. ______ by my teacher that there was a football team just for girls and they were preparing for a competition in March. I 7. ______ wanted to be part of the team and I decided to try my hardest.
When my dad and brother knew that, they were very happy. My mum still didn't like the idea. "It isn't going to be easy for you 8. ______ football is a boy's sport," she said. But she said nothing after that, and my dad and brother trained with me every day for seven 9. ______ team. When I heard my name, I jumped in the air.
Our team traveled to Rio de Janeiro in March and we won the competition—it was amazing! Since then we've won a lot of matches. But more importantly, I've become much 10. ______ about myself. When I get older, I want to be a great football player. That's my biggest dream in life.
页中考英语二轮专题：任务型完形填空
命题原则
甘肃省中考英语任务型完形填空严格依据义务教育英语课程标准命制，紧密结合省内教学实际，立足教材核心词汇、短语与语法知识，聚焦学生英语综合语言运用能力。语篇选材贴近学生生活、励志成长、中华优秀传统文化、安全健康及社会热点等正能量主题，文本难度适中、逻辑清晰、语言地道，符合中考阅读梯度要求，充分体现立德树人的育人导向。命题以实词考查为主，兼顾功能虚词，全面覆盖词性转换、时态语态、非谓语动词、固定搭配、连词逻辑、主谓一致等高频考点，注重基础与运用的统一。
命题始终坚持 “一空一词、每词限用一次、不重复使用” 的规范要求，强调上下文语境提示与语篇逻辑理解，杜绝偏题、怪题与超纲内容。题目设置由易到难、梯度合理，既考查学生对词汇基本含义的掌握，更检测在语境中灵活变形、准确用词的能力。通过语篇理解与语言运用的结合，全面评价学生的阅读理解、逻辑判断和规范表达素养，契合甘肃中考 “重基础、重语境、重能力、重素养” 的整体命题方向。
解题技巧
1. 先通读全文把握大意，确定语境与时态，不急于填空。
2. 判定空格词性，结合固定搭配与语法规则初步选词。
3. 注意词形变化：时态、单复数、比较级、非谓语等。
4. 填完复读核对逻辑，确保一词一用、语句通顺合理。
真题例析
（2025-甘肃省卷）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次。
walk, to, my, excited, ask, learn, speak, activity, and, also
Dear Venus,
Hi, my name is Kylie. I am 15 years old. I live in New Hampshire. I’m so 46 to hear all about Iceland and what it is like where you live.
In my small city, we join in many fun 47 . I love to go hiking with my family or friends, take bike rides, and 48 through our nature park. We 49 have lots of great places where we can shop and eat.
Now I’m in the 9th grade. 50 school offers many different language classes such as Chinese, Spanish, 51 French. I chose to 52 Chinese because I’m interested in Chinese culture. Do you take language classes in Iceland
What language is 53 in Iceland What do you usually do in your free time I’m looking forward 54 hearing back from you. If you have any questions about my life in the U.S., feel free to 55 .
Kylie
答案解析
【答案】1.excited 2.activities 3.walk 4.also 5.My
6.and 7.learn 8.spoken 9.to 10.ask
【主旨大意】本文是Kylie写给Venus的一封信，主要介绍了Kylie的个人生活、兴趣爱好以及学校情况，并询问Venus在冰岛的生活情况。
【小题1】句意：我非常兴奋能听到关于冰岛的一切以及你居住的地方是什么样子。根据“about Iceland and what it is like where you live”和备选词汇可知，了解冰岛的一切，我很兴奋，excited作表语，修饰I，故填excited。
【小题2】句意：在我住的小城市里，我们参加许多有趣的活动。根据“I love to go hiking with my family or friends”和备选词汇可知，有很多活动，many后接名词复数，activities符合句意，故填activities。
【小题3】句意：我喜欢和家人或朋友一起去徒步旅行、骑自行车，以及在自然公园里散步。根据“through our nature park”和备选词汇可知，在公园散步，结合love to do，此处用动词原形，walk符合句意，故填walk。
【小题4】句意：我们还有很多可以购物和吃饭的好地方。根据“have lots of great places where we can shop and eat”和备选词汇可知，还有很多其他好地方，also符合句意。故填also。
【小题5】句意：我的学校提供许多不同的语言课程，比如中文、西班牙语和法语。根据“school offers many different language classes such as Chinese”和备选词汇可知，此处讲述Kylie的学校，my符合句意，位于句首，首字母大写，故填My。
【小题6】句意：我的学校提供许多不同的语言课程，比如中文、西班牙语和法语。根据“Chinese, Spanish”和备选词汇可知，前后并列关系，and符合句意，故填and。
【小题7】句意：我选择学习中文，因为我对中国文化感兴趣。根据“Chinese because I’m interested in Chinese culture”和备选词汇可知，选择学习汉语，不定式符号后接动词原形，learn符合句意，故填learn。
【小题8】句意：冰岛说什么语言？根据“What language is”和备选词汇可知，冰岛讲什么语言，主语与speak是被动关系，此处需要过去分词构成被动语态，spoken符合句意，故填spoken。
【小题9】句意：我期待收到你的回信。look forward to“期盼”，故填to。
【小题10】句意：如果你对我在美国的生活有任何问题，请随时提问。根据“If you have any questions about my life in the U.S.”和备选词汇可知，可以随时问问题，不定式符号后接动词原形，ask符合句意，故填ask。中考英语二轮专题：任务型完形填空 答案解析
Ⅰ
【主旨大意】本文围绕“善良”展开，阐述善良的内涵、对身心健康的积极作用，并鼓励人们在生活中践行善意。
【答案】1. kind 2. expecting 3. treated 4. difference 5. However 6. completely 7. action 8. healthier 9. something 10. to join
【解析】【小题1】句意：一项研究表明，一周内每天做一件善良的事能让你更快乐。空后为名词thing，需用形容词修饰，结合语境，kind（善良的）符合题意，故选kind。
【小题2】句意：善良意味着你想为别人做好事，并且不期待任何回报。without为介词，介词后接动名词作宾语，expect的动名词形式为expecting，故选expecting。
【小题3】句意：善良也意味着用你希望被对待的方式对待别人。此处为被动语态，表示“被对待”，treat的过去分词为treated，故选treated。
【小题4】句意：即使很小的行为也能产生很大的影响。make a big difference为固定搭配，意为“产生很大影响、起重要作用”，故选difference。
【小题5】句意：然而，善良并不意味着你总是必须让步。前后句为转折关系，且空后有逗号，位于句首首字母需大写，However（然而）符合题意，故选However。
【小题6】句意：善良可以完全改变一个人的一天。空处修饰动词change，需用副词，complete的副词形式为completely（完全地），故选completely。
【小题7】句意：一句善意的话或一个行为能帮助他们感到被重视。空处与a kind word并列，需用名词，action（行为）符合题意，故选action。
【小题8】句意：这对你的健康有益，让你感觉更快乐、更健康。空处与happier并列，需用形容词比较级，healthy的比较级为healthier，故选healthier。
【小题9】句意：说一些美好的话可以点亮别人的一天。肯定句中表示“一些”用something，形容词nice后置修饰something，故选something。
【小题10】句意：如果有人看起来难过或独自坐着，邀请他们加入进来。invite sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，故填to join。
Ⅱ
【主旨大意】本文介绍光污染的现象、危害，以及人们通过改进路灯等方式减少光污染的措施。
【答案】1. pollution 2. stars 3. well 4. good 5. to rest 6. how 7. stop 8. towards 9. small 10. still
【解析】【小题1】句意：这被称为光污染。light pollution为固定名词短语，意为“光污染”，故选pollution。
【小题2】句意：城市里的人们通常只能看到大约十颗星星。ten为数词，后接可数名词复数，star的复数形式为stars，故选stars。
【小题3】句意：我们能看得很清楚。空处修饰动词see，需用副词，good的副词形式为well（好地），故选well。
【小题4】句意：但光并不总是好的。isn't为系动词，后接形容词作表语，good（好的）符合题意，故选good。
【小题5】句意：我们需要黑暗的时间来休息。need sth. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“需要某物做某事”，故填to rest。
【小题6】句意：一些科学家担心这种光如何影响我们的健康。此处引导宾语从句，表示“如何、怎样”，how符合题意，故选how。
【小题7】句意：其他科学家正在找到阻止光污染的方法。ways to do sth.为固定搭配，to后接动词原形，stop（阻止）符合题意，故选stop。
【小题8】句意：灯罩把光线聚焦朝向地面。此处表示方向，towards（朝向）符合题意，故选towards。
【小题9】句意：这些灯罩是一个小的改变。空处修饰名词change，需用形容词，small（小的）符合题意，故选small。
【小题10】句意：但它们仍然可以产生积极的效果。此处表示“仍然、依然”，still符合题意，故选still。
Ⅲ
【主旨大意】本文是一封写给总统的建议信，呼吁保护大熊猫、扬子鳄等濒危动物，改善它们的生存环境。
【答案】1. terrible 2. to help 3. one 4. from 5. live in 6. enough 7. these 8. be 9. especially 10. think about
【解析】【小题1】句意：我认为它们的生存环境在我们国家非常糟糕。is为系动词，后接形容词作表语，terrible（糟糕的）符合题意，故选terrible。
【小题2】句意：我写信建议我们应该做些什么来帮助动物。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to help。
【小题3】句意：它是世界上最受欢迎的动物之一。one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数为固定结构，意为“最……之一”，故填one。
【小题4】句意：我们应该做更多来保护熊猫免受森林被破坏。protect…from…为固定搭配，意为“保护……免受……”，故填from。
【小题5】句意：它们居住在中国东部的一些地区。此处表示“居住在某地”，live in符合题意，故选live in。
【小题6】句意：那里的水不够清澈，不足以让它们生存。形容词 + enough为固定用法，意为“足够……”，故填enough。
【小题7】句意：如果我们保护这些美丽的动物。空处修饰复数名词animals，需用指示代词，these（这些）符合题意，故选these。
【小题8】句意：它们可以成为重要的旅游景点。could为情态动词，后接动词原形，be（成为）符合题意，故选be。
【小题9】句意：更多人可能想来中国参观，尤其是一些安静的地方。此处表示强调“尤其、特别”，especially符合题意，故选especially。
【小题10】句意：我希望你鼓励更多人思考这样一个重要的话题。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，to后接动词原形，think about（思考）符合题意，故选think about。
Ⅳ
【主旨大意】本文讲述爷爷丢失外婆留下的手表，“我”在谷仓保持安静，通过倾听滴答声找到手表，体现沉默的力量。
【答案】1. visited 2. cleaning 3. gift 4. unhappy 5. find 6. when 7. hours 8. again 9. silently 10. and
【解析】【小题1】句意：他唯一快乐的时光就是我们假期看望他的时候。last summer为过去时间，句子用一般过去时，visit的过去式为visited，故选visited。
【小题2】句意：当他正在打扫谷仓时，他弄丢了手表。while引导过去进行时，结构为was/were + doing，clean的现在分词为cleaning，故选cleaning。
【小题3】句意：这是外婆送的一件礼物。a后接单数名词，gift（礼物）符合题意，故选gift。
【小题4】句意：我们发现他很不开心。was为系动词，后接形容词作表语，unhappy（不开心的）符合题意，故选unhappy。
【小题5】句意：他告诉我们他不能找到他的手表。couldn't为情态动词，后接动词原形，find（找到）符合题意，故选find。
【小题6】句意：我问他什么时候最后一次看到手表。此处引导宾语从句，表示时间，when符合题意，故选when。
【小题7】句意：我们花了两个小时寻找。two为数词，后接可数名词复数，hour的复数形式为hours，故选hours。
【小题8】句意：我要再独自找一次。此处表示“再一次、又一次”，again符合题意，故选again。
【小题9】句意：我只是安静地坐在谷仓里。空处修饰动词sit，需用副词，silent的副词形式为silently（安静地），故选silently。
【小题10】句意：爷爷非常开心，拥抱了我并感谢了我。此处为并列连词，连接两个并列的谓语动词，and符合题意，故选and。
Ⅴ
【主旨大意】本文介绍翻译家许渊冲七十余年的翻译成就，他注重翻译的美感，敢于辩论，一生追求卓越。
【答案】1. including 2. special 3. successfully 4. works 5. beauty 6. heated 7. arguing 8. best
【小题 1】句意：1921 年生于江西南昌，曾在西南联合大学师从钱锺书、吴宓等中国大师。根据 “he studied...Qian Zhongshu, Wu Mi and other Chinese masters” 及所给词可知，此处是介绍他师从何处，study under sb. “在某人指导下学习”，固定表达。故选 K。
【小题 2】句意：从清华大学毕业后，他去了巴黎大学深造。毕业后又去了巴黎大学应是为了深造，further “更进一步的” 修饰名词 study，further study “深造”。故选 D。
【小题 3】句意：在他 70 多年的翻译生涯中，他翻译了大约 120 部作品，其中包括《诗经》、《楚辞》和《红与黑》，尤其关注诗歌。“The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu and The Red and the Black” 都包含在 120 部作品中，所以 including “包括” 符合题意。故选 H。
【小题 4】句意：在他 70 多年的翻译生涯中，他翻译了大约 120 部作品，其中包括《诗经》、《楚辞》和《红与黑》，尤其关注诗歌。空处作定语修饰名词 focus，且由 a 可知，空处应是以辅音音素开头的单词，结合 “with a ...focus on poetry” 及语境和备选词可知，这些作品中应是特别关注诗歌，special “特别的” 符合题意。故选 I。
【小题 5】句意：许也是中国唯一一个成功将诗歌翻译成中文、英文和法文的人，而且翻译得非常精确和优美。translated 为实义动词，用副词修饰，根据 “the only person in China who has...translated poetry to and from Chinese, English and French” 及备选词可知，此处指他是唯一一个成功翻译中文、英文、法文三种语言的人，successfully “成功地” 符合题意。故选 J。
【小题 6】句意：他的作品经常被选为外语学习者的教科书。his 为形容词性物主代词，后跟名词，根据 “are often chosen as textbooks” 及备选词可知，应是他的作品被选入教科书，works “作品” 符合题意。故选 L。
【小题 7】句意：许非常注重形象、声音和形式的美。the 为定冠词，后跟名词，根据 “pays much attention to the .... of image...” 可知，此处指注意形象美，beauty “美丽” 符合题意。故选 B。
【小题 8】句意：在他的翻译生涯中，他一直处于许多与其他翻译家激烈争论的中心。debates 为名词，用形容词修饰，结合备选词，可以修饰 debates “争论的”，只有 heated “激烈的” 符合题意。故选 G。
【小题 9】句意：但是许说：“我不害怕争论，因为每一次争论都会让真相变得更清晰。” be afraid of doing “害怕做某事”，固定搭配；根据 “because the truth becomes clearer with each debate” 可知，此处指不怕争论，arguing “争论” 符合题意。故选 A。
【小题 10】句意：永远不要让它停止，直到你的好变得更好，你的更好成为最好。根据 “Good, better, best.” 和 “your good is better, and your better is...” 可知，此处是层层递进，所以应是更好变为最好，best “最好的” 符合题意。故选 F。
Ⅵ
【主旨大意】本文介绍现代生活礼仪，包括公共场合手机使用规范和地铁文明乘车规则。
【答案】1. take the subway 2. helpful 3. down 4. play games 5. but 6. are supposed to 7. our 8. is bad for 9. can't 10. who
【解析】【小题1】句意：你每天乘地铁上学吗？一般现在时的一般疑问句中，用动词原形短语，take the subway（乘地铁）符合题意，故选take the subway。
【小题2】句意：下面的建议可能很有帮助。be为系动词，后接形容词作表语，helpful（有帮助的）符合题意，故选helpful。
【小题3】句意：在公共场合打电话时要小声。keep voice down为固定搭配，意为“小声说话”，故选down。
【小题4】句意：不要在晚餐或聚会上发信息或玩游戏。空处与sending messages并列，形式保持一致，play games（玩游戏）符合题意，故选play games。
【小题5】句意：这不仅危险，而且违法。not only…but also…为固定搭配，意为“不但……而且……”，故选but。
【小题6】句意：你应该排队买票和上车。此处表示“应该”，are supposed to符合题意，故选are supposed to。
【小题7】句意：保持列车干净整洁是我们的责任。it's one's duty to do sth.为固定句型，需用形容词性物主代词，our（我们的）符合题意，故选our。
【小题8】句意：吸烟对健康有害。is bad for为固定短语，意为“对……有害”，故选is bad for。
【小题9】句意：你不能带宠物上列车。此处表示“不允许、不能”，can't符合题意，故选can't。
【小题10】句意：把座位让给需要的人被视为有礼貌。此处引导定语从句，先行词someone指人，用关系代词who，故选who。
Ⅶ
【主旨大意】本文讲述北京某中学举办校园吉尼斯活动，学生挑战多米诺、颠球等项目，在挑战中发掘潜力、锻炼意志。
【答案】1. held 2. because 3. build 4. faster 5. falls 6. minutes 7. or 8. in 9. else 10. my
【解析】【小题1】句意：北京一所中学举办了校园吉尼斯活动。last week为过去时间，句子用一般过去时，hold的过去式为held，故选held。
【小题2】句意：我选择多米诺塔，因为我最有信心。此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，because符合题意，故选because。
【小题3】句意：学生们需要用多米诺骨牌搭建一座塔。need to do sth.为固定搭配，to后接动词原形，build（搭建）符合题意，故选build。
【小题4】句意：我找到了一些方法做得更快。much修饰比较级，fast的比较级为faster，故选faster。
【小题5】句意：如果塔倒塌时你发脾气，你可能会输掉比赛。一般现在时中，主语the tower为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，fall的第三人称单数为falls，故选falls。
【小题6】句意：他坚持了4分钟34秒。数词4后接可数名词复数，minute的复数形式为minutes，故选minutes。
【小题7】句意：我已经练习颠球三或四年了。此处表示选择“或者”，or符合题意，故选or。
【小题8】句意：我在这方面很有天赋。be talented in为固定搭配，意为“在……有天赋”，故选in。
【小题9】句意：当被问到是否害怕其他人有一天打破他的纪录。someone else为固定用法，意为“其他人”，故选else。
【小题10】句意：如果有人打破我的纪录，我会更受鼓舞。空处修饰名词record，需用形容词性物主代词，my（我的）符合题意，故选my。
Ⅷ
【主旨大意】本文讲述戈登老师发现男孩托尼的音乐天赋，希望帮助他学习音乐，伍德夫妇愿意资助托尼。
【答案】1. children 2. teaching 3. have been 4. to work 5. the 6. to 7. us 8. usually 9. excited 10. knew
【解析】【小题1】句意：戈登先生很善良，孩子们都喜欢他。此处表示“孩子们”，用复数名词，child的复数形式为children，故选children。
【小题2】句意：他们喜欢他的课，他喜欢教他们。enjoy doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，teach的动名词形式为teaching，故选teaching。
【小题3】句意：我当老师四十年了。for forty years为现在完成时的标志，结构为have/has + 过去分词，be的过去分词为been，主语为I，故填have been。
【小题4】句意：他需要和其他学音乐的孩子一起学习/训练。need to do sth.为固定搭配，to后接动词原形，to work符合题意，故选to work。
【小题5】句意：我可以给他上第一节钢琴课。序数词first前需加定冠词the，故选the。
【小题6】句意：也许托尼可以去音乐学院。go to + 地点为固定搭配，意为“去某地”，故填to。
【小题7】句意：他对我们来说就像儿子一样。介词to后接人称代词宾格，we的宾格为us，故选us。
【小题8】句意：她通常是个安静的女人。空处修饰形容词quiet，需用副词，usually（通常）符合题意，故选usually。
【小题9】句意：但她眼里充满激动。此处修饰人，表示“感到激动的”，excited符合题意，故选excited。
【小题10】句意：托尼对他们的谈话一无所知。全文为过去时态，谓语动词用过去式，know的过去式为knew，故选knew。
Ⅸ
【主旨大意】本文介绍中国人热爱种菜的传统，从家园到南极、太空甚至虚拟农场，体现勤劳的民族品质。
【答案】1. a 2. produces 3. scientists’ 4. are filled 5. pleasure 6. To fill 7. and 8. the 9. from 10. full
【解析】【小题1】句意：当中国人搬到一个外国时。foreign以辅音音素开头，表示“一个”用不定冠词a，故选a。
【小题2】句意：这个温室提供足够的蔬菜。一般现在时中，主语the greenhouse为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，produce的第三人称单数为produces，故选produces。
【小题3】句意：如此艰难的环境挡不住那些科学家们的种菜热情。此处表示“科学家们的”，用名词所有格scientists’，故选scientists’。
【小题4】句意：虽然超市货架上摆满了更便宜新鲜的蔬菜。此处表示“被摆满”，用被动语态be filled with，主语shelves为复数，故填are filled。
【小题5】句意：获得种菜的乐趣。the为定冠词，后接名词，pleasure（乐趣）符合题意，故选pleasure。
【小题6】句意：为了填饱肚子，中国人形成了勤劳的传统。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填To fill。
【小题7】句意：努力工作解决温饱，并且学习满足求知欲。此处为并列连词，连接两个并列分句，and符合题意，故选and。
【小题8】句意：在天宫二号太空实验室。此处特指天宫二号实验室，用定冠词the，故选the。
【小题9】句意：没有什么能阻止中国人种菜。prevent…from…为固定搭配，意为“阻止……”，故选from。
【小题10】句意：中国菜园充满希望。be full of为固定搭配，意为“充满”，故选full。
Ⅹ
【主旨大意】本文讲述巴西女孩Rebeca热爱足球，克服偏见加入女子足球队，通过努力赢得比赛，变得更加自信。
【答案】1. works 2. to help 3. a 4. me 5. with 6. was told 7. really 8. because 9. months 10. more confident
【解析】【小题1】句意：我父亲努力工作，让我和弟弟能上学。一般现在时中，主语father为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，work的第三人称单数为works，故选works。
【小题2】句意：放学后我们直接回家帮忙做家务。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to help。
【小题3】句意：我爸爸想让我哥哥成为一名足球运动员。football以辅音音素开头，表示“一名”用不定冠词a，故选a。
【小题4】句意：学校里的男孩也不想和我一起玩。介词with后接人称代词宾格，I的宾格为me，故选me。
【小题5】句意：学校里的男孩也不想和我一起玩。play with sb.为固定搭配，意为“和某人一起玩”，故填with。
【小题6】句意：有一天我被老师告知有一支女子足球队。此处为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + 过去分词，tell的过去分词为told，主语为I，故填was told。
【小题7】句意：我真的想成为球队的一员。空处修饰动词want，需用副词，really（真正地）符合题意，故选really。
【小题8】句意：这对你来说不容易，因为足球是男孩的运动。此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，because符合题意，故选because。
【小题9】句意：我和爸爸、哥哥每天训练了七个月。seven为数词，后接可数名词复数，month的复数形式为months，故选months。
【小题10】句意：我变得更加自信。much修饰比较级，confident的比较级为more confident，故选more confident。
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