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(共38张PPT)
Unit 5 默写练习1
序号 英文 中文 序号 英文 中文
1 billion 十亿 9 factor 因素；要素
2 native 本地的（人） 10 base 以……为基础；底部
3 attitude 态度；看法 11 date back (to) 追溯到
4 reference 参考 12 bone 骨头
5 refer to 指的是；提到 13 symbol 符号；象征
6 system 体系；系统 14 carve 雕刻
7 despite 即使；尽管 15 dynasty 王朝；朝代
8 ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰 16 variety 变体；多样化
Unit 5 默写练习1
序号 英文 中文 序号 英文 中文
1 billion 9 factor
2 native 10 base
3 attitude 11 date back (to)
4 reference 12 bone
5 refer to 13 symbol
6 system 14 carve
7 despite 15 dynasty
8 ups and downs 16 variety
UNIT 5
LANGUAGES AROUND
THE WORLD
Reading and Thinking
Pre-reading
P62
汉语文字系统：连接过去和现在
While-reading
P62
Para 1:
Para 2：
Para 3：
Para 4：
Para 5：
Para 6：
Find the main idea of each paragraph.
The Chinese writing system is one of the reasons why Chinese civilization has survived into modern times.
Written Chinese was a picture-based language at the beginning.
The writing system began to develop in one direction.
The writing system became well-developed and later developed into different forms.
Written Chinese connects China’s present with its past and has become an art form.
The Chinese language is helping to spread China`s culture and history to the world.
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
因……而广为人知
古老文明
定从
一直延续到现代
（历史、人生等的）兴衰沉浮
定从
At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.
以图形为基础的语言
追溯到
定从
被雕刻
汉语书面语
By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BCE).
商朝
成熟的；发展完善的
原因状从
定从
这是一个……的时代/时刻
现在分词短语作结果状语
各种各样的
因地域分隔
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
unite (...) into 将 (……) 统一为/合并成
定从
至关重要的
让步状从
通过书写交流（“in+名词”表方式）
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
定从
过去分词短语作后置定语
与……被连接/有关
经典著作
定从
对……高度重视
非限制性定从
汉字
中国书法
Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
在……中发挥更大作用
国际事务
时间状从
越来越多的
领略中国文化和历史
Post-reading
特定信息
Time What happened
modern times
at the beginning
dates back several thousand years
by the Shang Dynasty
over the years
the Qin Dynasty
even today
in modern times
today
The Chinese civilisation still continues.
Written Chinese was a picture-based language.
Longgu appeared.
Symbols carved on longgu had become a well-developed writing system.
P63
The writing system developed into different forms, as...
The system began to develop in one unified direction.
Chinese people can all still communicate in writing.
Chinese people can read the classic works which...
The Chinese characters are still a vital part of
Chinese culture.
1. It allowed Chinese people, no matter where they lived or what dialect they spoke, to communicate with each other.
2. Chinese people today can read and understand classic works from ancient times.
3. The continuous development of China`s agriculture, a relatively powerful government, distinguished philosophical schools development, and an open mind to embrace different cultures are all possible and important factors.
civilisation
carving
system
dates back
means
classic
civilisation n.文明；文化
→ civilised adj.文明的
人们认为……
→ symbol
→ based
→ civilisation
→ appreciate
v.象征
adj.基本的
adj.文明的
n.鉴赏力；欣赏
Thinking
Why did the writing systems of ancient Egypt and ancient Babylon die out, while Chinese characters have endured for thousands of years
1. Chinese characters are mainly ideographic, so they`re less affected by pronunciation and dialect changes.
2. Emperor Qinshihuang`s unification of Chinese characters built a consistent writing norm for cultural cohesion.
3. China`s continuous civilization kept Chinese characters in use, while Egypt and Babylon lost cultural continuity to invasions and regime changes.
Language Points
常见搭配：social/security system 社会制度/安保系统
派生词：systematic [ s st m t k] adj.系统的；有条理的
例：systematic study/analysis 系统研究/分析
systematically [ s st 'm t kl ] adv.系统地；有条理地
常见搭配：have/experience/go through ups and downs 经历人生的起起落落
翻译: 每个人在一生中都会经历起起落落，而正是这些经历让我们变得更加坚强。
（可用强调句结构：it is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分）
.
Everyone will experience ups and downs in their life, and it is these experiences that make us stronger
后接名词、代词、动名词，不能直接接句子。
例：Despite the heavy rain, we still went out.
同义结构：in spite of
常见用法：despite the fact + that从句
例：She succeeded despite the fact that she was faced with many difficulties.
辨析：
although/though 是连词，后接完整句子。
例：Although it rained heavily, we still went out.
常见搭配：be based on... 以……为基础
base on... 以……为基础
派生词：basis [ be s s] n.基础；根据
basic [ be s k] adj.基本的；基础的
辨析：
base多指具体的、有形的基础或底部，也可指军事基地、公司总部等；basis指抽象的、无形的基础、根据或原则。
例：industrial/lamp base 工业基地/灯座
on the basis of fairness 基于公平性
常见搭配：key/major/important factor 关键/主要因素
be a factor in (doing) sth. 是（做……）的因素
翻译: 勤奋是取得学业成功的关键因素。
.
Hard work is a key factor in achieving academic success
同：date from
常见搭配：a symbol of... ……的象征
派生词：symbolic [s m b l k] adj.象征的；象征性的
symbolize [ s mb la z] v.象征；代表（=stand for）
派生词：dynastic [da n st k] adj.王朝的；朝代的
派生词：carver [ kɑ v ] n.雕刻师
翻译: 长城是中华文明与智慧的象征。
.
The Great Wall is a symbol of Chinese civilization and wisdom
常见搭配：a variety of (=varieties of) 各种各样的
派生词：vary [ ve ri] v.变化；改变
various [ ve ri s] adj.各种各样的
常见搭配：major subjects 主修科目 (adj.)
major in 主修；专攻 (v.)
派生词：majority [m d r ti] n.多数 （用法：the majority of... 大多数……）
no matter + 疑问词（what/who/which/when/where/how/whose），引导让步状语从句，表 “无论……；不管……”，可与“疑问词 + ever”互换。
例：No matter what he says, don`t believe him.
=Whatever he says, don`t believe him.
常见搭配：
no matter what = whatever 无论什么
no matter who = whoever 无论谁
no matter when = whenever 无论何时
no matter how = however 无论怎样
no matter which = whichever 无论哪一个
no matter where = wherever 无论何地
常见搭配：by means of... 通过……
by all means 务必；无论如何；当然
by no means 绝不；一点也不（放句首时，需部分倒装）
a means of (doing) sth. 一种（做）……的方式
派生词：mean v.意味着；打算 adj.吝啬的
注意：
means单复同形，当means作主语时，谓语动词的数由means前面的修饰词决定。
1. For many elderly people, gardening is not just a hobby but keeping healthy and killing time.
2. Could I borrow your English dictionary for a while
—Yes, . I`m not using it now.
3. should we give up our dreams even when we are faced with great difficulties.
4. In ancient times, people communicated with each other simple symbols and body languages.
a means of
by all means
By no means
by means of
常见搭配：regard... as... 把……看作……；认为……是……
be regard as... 被认为……；被视为……
regard for... 对……尊重或关注
in/with regard to 关于；至于
翻译: 袁隆平因对农业的巨大贡献，被视为“杂交水稻之父”。
.
与人交流时，我们应当顾及他人的感受。
.
Yuan Longping is regard as the “Father of Hybrid Rice” for his great contributions to agriculture
We should have regard for the feelings of others when we communicate
常见搭配：classic movie/error 经典电影/典型错误
派生词：classical [ kl s kl] adj.古典的
常见搭配：Chinese character 汉字
main character 主角
good character 良好的品质
派生词：characteristic [ k r kt r st k] adj.独特的；典型的
常见搭配：global affairs/economy/crisis 全球事务/经济/危机
派生词：globe [ɡl b] n.地球；世界；地球仪
例：around the globe 全世界
globally ['ɡl b l ] adv.全球地；普遍地
常见搭配：foreign/international/current affairs 外交事务/国际事务/时事
state/family affairs 国事/家事
常见搭配：appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
appreciate that... 认识到……；感谢……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……我将不胜感激
派生词：appreciation [ pri i e n] n.感激；欣赏
appreciative [ pri t v] adj.感激的；有鉴赏力的
易错点：
1. 表“感激”时，不能直接接人，需用appreciate sb`s help/effort，而非appreciate sb.；
2. 后接宾语从句时，必须用it作形式宾语，即appreciate it if/when...结构。
语法填空
1. I would appreciate it if you______(call) back this afternoon. (2023·天津卷改编)
2. We really appreciate ______(have) the chance to visit your school. (2022·浙江卷改编)
3. I'd appreciate ______ if you could take my application into consideration. (2021·全国甲卷改编)
翻译句子
1. ___________________________________________(如果你能保守这个秘密，我会不胜感激).
2. We should _____________________________(学会欣赏他人的优点) in our daily life.
3. She doesn't _____________________________________(意识到学习英语的重要性) yet.
called
having
it
I would appreciate it if you could keep it a secret
learn to appreciate the advantages of others
appreciate the importance of learning English
常见搭配：specific requirements/time 具体要求/特定时间
specific to 为……所特有
派生词：specifically [sp s f kli] adv.明确地；专门地
specificity n.特异性；明确性
易混词辨析：
specific 强调“具体的、不笼统的”，侧重内容细节明确；
special 强调“特殊的、与众不同的”，侧重性质或用途特殊；
particular 强调“特定的、特指的”，可与specific互换；也可指“挑剔的”。
翻译: 这种习俗是中国北方地区所特有的。
.
This custom is specific to the northern regions of China
Thank you!

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