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素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I am 　　　　(渴望) to start my new job.
2.She had a 　　　　 (显著的) personality and was very beautiful.
3.This morning,she 　　　　 (问候) us with a smile.
4.Loud cheers erupted from the 　　　　 (人群).
5.We promise that the activity will provide a 　　　　 (盛宴) for your eyes.
6.Before going to that country,you’d better learn about the local 　　　　 (风俗).
7.China has made great 　　　　 (成就) in environmental protection in recent years.
答案:1.eager　2.striking　3.greeted　4.crowd
5.feast　6.customs　7.achievements
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.Tears of excitement 　　　　 (roll) down his cheeks after I told him the news.
2.Li Bai was one of the greatest 　　　　 (poet) whose poems enjoy great popularity.
3.He is always greeting those he comes across on his way to work 　　　　a bright smile.
4.The boy couldn’t hide his 　　　　 (eager) for the book.
5.They are likely 　　　　 (win) the game.
6.Seeing the lines of trees we had planted,we all had a sense of 　　　　 (achieve).
答案:1.rolled　2.poets　3.with　4.eagerness
5.to win　6.achievement
Ⅲ.句子情境写作
1.According to the weather forecast,it 　　　　　　　　　　(可能) rain tomorrow.
2.The lecture hall 　　　　　　　　　　 (挤满了) students who were interested in the lecture.
3.I am 　　　　　　　　 (非常) happy to hear that you’ll come to my city for sightseeing.
4.The boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　(急切地想知道) the result of the final exam.
5.When Tom met me on the street,he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (点头跟我打招呼).
答案:1.is likely to　2.was crowded with　
3.more than　4.is eager to know　5.greeted me with a nod
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.When repairing the door,she got her fingers 　　　　(catch) in the door.
2.I saw the young man 　　　　(question) by them just now.
3.This is the statue of a soldier 　　　　(seat) on a horse.
4.Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a　　　　(satisfy) smile at last.
5.They managed to make themselves 　　　　(understand) by using very simple English.
6.When we saw the road 　　　　(block) with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.
7.There are few of this species 　　　　(leave).It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.
8.To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English 　　　　(speak) as much as possible.
答案:1.caught　2.questioned　3.seated　
4.satisfied　5.understood　6.blocked　
7.left　8.spoken
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It’s funny—as a writer,it’s easy to share your knowledge,or your personal stories with an unknown listener of many.You think your friends and family may not read your articles.But as I began to talk more openly about Chinese traditions and food,I learnt that they were interested,curious and really hungered for it.Their interest and curiosity grew and the culmination of their interest and curiosity was this past Spring Festival.They would like to spend the Spring Festival with me.It was an inconvenient Monday.I’d never had the Spring Festival when anyone but my father cooked.
I took the day off work in a madness of last-minute preparation.I drove 45 minutes out of town to a Cantonese BBQ shop where I bought a whole roast duck (烤鸭) and watched,fascinated,as it was changed into bite sizes.I shopped at a faraway international market,looking for Chinese vegetables and other foods that would be new for my guests.I called my dad,asking for six-second pointers on how to make dishes I’d never made.I texted him pictures of the sea fish I picked out,and the red clothing they threw on for luck.
In just a few hours,I cooked a dinner of 15 dishes for six friends who cared enough about me and my culture to come over on a cold winter Monday night to celebrate my tradition with me.We drank,ate and toasted the beautiful night.And that night,I felt what it was to be loved for my culture as well as our food.
(　　)1.What does the underlined word “culmination” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Top. B.Celebration.
C.Tradition. D.Trouble.
(　　)2.What did the author do in the Cantonese BBQ shop
A.She ate a whole roast duck.
B.She took a roast duck.
C.She asked to cook a duck herself.
D.She took beautiful photos of the duck.
(　　)3.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A.The shops the author went to.
B.The author’s love of Chinese food.
C.The author’s preparation for dinner.
D.The suggestions the author’s father gave.
(　　)4.What can we say about the author from the text
A.She is living with her father.
B.She is a madwoman.
C.She is a world famous writer.
D.She is proud of Chinese culture.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了除夕时,在国外的作者为朋友们准备了中国菜,让他们感受到了中国传统节日的氛围的故事。
答案及剖析:
1.A　词义猜测题。根据第一段第三、第四句可知,作者发现朋友对中国的传统文化和食物很感兴趣,且这种兴趣在增长,并在春节时达到了顶峰,可猜测culmination意为“顶峰”。故选A。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知,作者在一家广东烧腊店买了一只烤鸭。故选B。
3.C　段落大意题。根据第二段内容尤其是提到的动作took the day off、drove、bought、picked out可知,本段描述作者准备晚餐的过程。故选C。
4.D　推理判断题。根据本文最后两句以及纵观全文可知,除夕,作者在国外为朋友们准备了中国菜,让他们感受到了中国传统节日的氛围。作者也因此感受到了他人对祖国的文化和食物的喜爱。故选D。
B
Ireland has had a very difficult history.The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.For hundreds of years,the Irish people fought against the English.Finally,in 1921,the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland.The result is that today there are two “Irelands”.Northern Ireland,in the north,is part of the United Kingdom.The Republic of Ireland,in the south,is an independent country.
In the 1840s,the main crop,potatoes,was affected by disease and many people died of hunger.This,and a shortage of work,forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA,the UK,Australia and Canada.As a result of these problems,the population fell.
For many years,the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.Today,many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices.Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside,where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly.Oscar Wilde,a famous Irish writer,once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”.Since independence,Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music,language,literature and singing.Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin,whistles,etc.
(　　)5.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1
A.How the Irish fought against the English.
B.How Ireland gained independence.
C.How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.
D.How two “Irelands” came into being.
(　　)6.What can we learn from the text
A.In Ireland,food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population.
B.In Ireland,people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside.
C.In Ireland,it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.
D.In Ireland,different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments.
(　　)7.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The Irish character.
B.Irish culture.
C.Irish musical instruments.
D.A famous Irish writer.
(　　)8.What can be the best title for the text
A.Life in Ireland
B.A Very Difficult History
C.Ireland,Past and Present
D.The Independence of Ireland
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了爱尔兰共和国的历史发展、社会生活及文化等。
答案及剖析:
5.D　推理判断题。通读本段内容可知,作者在第一段阐述了两个“爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D。
6.A　细节理解题。第二段提到在19世纪40年代,由于土豆被细菌感染,许多人死于饥饿,由此可知,这一时期的食物短缺导致了人口下降。本段最后一句话也是线索提示。故选A。
7.B　段落大意题。通读本段内容尤其是根据本段中间部分的“Since independence,Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of ...”可知,本段主要阐述的是爱尔兰的文化。故选B。
8.C　标题归纳题。文章回顾了爱尔兰艰辛的独立过程以及曾经的艰难岁月,接着概述了爱尔兰如今的风貌,所以C项作文章标题最合适。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries.And in the following 300 years,there were so many changes in both places that now people can easily　1　 an English person from an American in the 　2　 he or she talks.
Many old words　3　 in England but were kept in America.For example,300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they 　4　 either a “faucet”“spigot”,or a “tap”.All these words are still heard in different parts of America,but only “tap” is still common in England.Americans often make 　5　 new words or change old ones.“Corn” is one kind of plant in America and another in England.
Also,over the last three centuries the English language has　6　 thousands of new words for things that weren’t 　7　 before.And often,American and English people used two 　8　 names for them.A tin can is called “tin” for short in England,but a “can” in America.The word “radio” is 　9　 all over the world,including America.But many English people call it a “wireless”.And almost anything 　10　 something to do with cars,railroads,etc.,has different 　11　 in British and American English.
But now American and British English may be 　12　 closer together.One thing is that 　13　 people can hear a large amount of American speech daily in 　14　,on television,or from travellers.Because of this,American English 　15　 to be influencing the British English more and more.So some day,English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic.
(　　)1.A.pick B.tell
C.take D.judge
(　　)2.A.voice B.place
C.language D.way
(　　)3.A.disappeared B.stayed
C.returned D.formed
(　　)4.A.said B.talked
C.spoke D.called
(　　)5.A.of B.into
C.up D.out
(　　)6.A.discovered B.added
C.improved D.learnt
(　　)7.A.accepted B.known
C.introduced D.understood
(　　)8.A.new B.short
C.different D.surprising
(　　)9.A.produced B.made
C.developed D.used
(　　)10.A.having B.bringing
C.getting D.making
(　　)11.A.types B.names
C.degrees D.parts
(　　)12.A.putting B.leaving
C.living D.growing
(　　)13.A.British B.American
C.educated D.ordinary
(　　)14.A.families B.buses
C.movies D.newspapers
(　　)15.A.needs B.expects
C.seems D.happens
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了英式英语和美式英语的异同及彼此之间的相互影响。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
1.B　短语“tell...from...”意为“把……和……区分开来”,此处是说人们很容易从他们交谈的方式上把英国人和美国人区分开来。故选B。
2.D　根据上文可推断,此处讲的是语言的发展造成英式英语和美式英语发生了许多改变,因此推断是人们说话的方式 (way) 让他们容易被区分出来。故选D。
3.A　根据下文“but were kept in America”可知,很多旧单词在英国消失了 (disappeared),而在美国却被保留了下来。故选A。
4.D　本句中的something作定语从句中谓语动词的宾语,而“...a ‘faucet’‘spigot’,or a ‘tap’.”也作该动词的宾语,选项中只有call 后可接双宾语。故选D。
5.C　根据下文“new words”可知,此处指创造新词或改变旧词,短语make up意为“创造”。故选C。
6.B　根据下文“thousands of new words”可知,英语也为以前未知的事物添加了(added) 成千上万的新词。故选B。
7.B　根据常识可知,事物从未知到已知(known),人们需要创造新词来表达它。故选B。
8.C　根据下文可知,锡罐在英国简称为“tin”,但在美国是“can”。由此可知,英美两国用两个不同的(different) 名字来称呼它们。故选C。
9.D　根据下文“But many English people call it a ‘wireless’.”可知,单词“radio”在全世界被使用 (used),包括美国。故选D。
10.A　短语have something to do with意为“和……有关系”。故选A。
11.B　根据上文可推断,同样的东西在英式英语和美式英语中有了两个不同的名字 (names)。故选B。
12.D　根据下文“So some day,English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic.”可知,此处是说美式英语和英式英语正变得(growing)越来越接近。故选D。
13.A　根据最后一句可知,本段主要讲述了英式英语和美式英语将来的区别可能会越来越小,此处讲述了一个原因是英国人(British)每天都能从电影、电视或游客那里听到大量的美式英语。故选A。
14.C　根据下文的on television,or from travellers可推断,此处用movies,表示在电影里。故选C。
15.C　根据上文“Because of this”可推断,由于以上原因,美式英语似乎 (seems) 正逐渐加深着对英式英语的影响。故选C。
Ⅲ.写作训练
某英文杂志社正在举办题为“The City I Like Best”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文向杂志社投稿,介绍你最喜欢的城市——昆明。要点如下:
1.位于中国西南部,历史悠久;
2.气候宜人,是著名的旅游城市;美食种类多。
　　注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词语:滇池Dianchi;绿湖公园　Green Lake Park。
The City I Like Best
[写作指导]
One possible version:
The City I Like Best
The city I like best is Kunming.It is located in the southwest of China.Kunming is the capital city of Yunnan Province,which has a long history.
With its pleasant climate,Kunming is one of China’s most famous tourist cities,where visitors can visit some interesting places like Dianchi,the Green Lake Park and so on.What’s more,there are various delicious local food,for instance,the famous “cross-bridge rice noodles”.
All in all,from my point of view,Kunming is the most beautiful city in China.素养测练(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I am 　　　　(渴望) to start my new job.
2.She had a 　　　　 (显著的) personality and was very beautiful.
3.This morning,she 　　　　 (问候) us with a smile.
4.Loud cheers erupted from the 　　　　 (人群).
5.We promise that the activity will provide a 　　　　 (盛宴) for your eyes.
6.Before going to that country,you’d better learn about the local 　　　　 (风俗).
7.China has made great 　　　　 (成就) in environmental protection in recent years.
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.Tears of excitement 　　　　 (roll) down his cheeks after I told him the news.
2.Li Bai was one of the greatest 　　　　 (poet) whose poems enjoy great popularity.
3.He is always greeting those he comes across on his way to work 　　　　a bright smile.
4.The boy couldn’t hide his 　　　　 (eager) for the book.
5.They are likely 　　　　 (win) the game.
6.Seeing the lines of trees we had planted,we all had a sense of 　　　　 (achieve).
Ⅲ.句子情境写作
1.According to the weather forecast,it 　　　　　　　　　　(可能) rain tomorrow.
2.The lecture hall 　　　　　　　　　　 (挤满了) students who were interested in the lecture.
3.I am 　　　　　　　　 (非常) happy to hear that you’ll come to my city for sightseeing.
4.The boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　(急切地想知道) the result of the final exam.
5.When Tom met me on the street,he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (点头跟我打招呼).
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.When repairing the door,she got her fingers 　　　　(catch) in the door.
2.I saw the young man 　　　　(question) by them just now.
3.This is the statue of a soldier 　　　　(seat) on a horse.
4.Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a　　　　(satisfy) smile at last.
5.They managed to make themselves 　　　　(understand) by using very simple English.
6.When we saw the road 　　　　(block) with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.
7.There are few of this species 　　　　(leave).It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.
8.To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English 　　　　(speak) as much as possible.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It’s funny—as a writer,it’s easy to share your knowledge,or your personal stories with an unknown listener of many.You think your friends and family may not read your articles.But as I began to talk more openly about Chinese traditions and food,I learnt that they were interested,curious and really hungered for it.Their interest and curiosity grew and the culmination of their interest and curiosity was this past Spring Festival.They would like to spend the Spring Festival with me.It was an inconvenient Monday.I’d never had the Spring Festival when anyone but my father cooked.
I took the day off work in a madness of last-minute preparation.I drove 45 minutes out of town to a Cantonese BBQ shop where I bought a whole roast duck (烤鸭) and watched,fascinated,as it was changed into bite sizes.I shopped at a faraway international market,looking for Chinese vegetables and other foods that would be new for my guests.I called my dad,asking for six-second pointers on how to make dishes I’d never made.I texted him pictures of the sea fish I picked out,and the red clothing they threw on for luck.
In just a few hours,I cooked a dinner of 15 dishes for six friends who cared enough about me and my culture to come over on a cold winter Monday night to celebrate my tradition with me.We drank,ate and toasted the beautiful night.And that night,I felt what it was to be loved for my culture as well as our food.
(　　)1.What does the underlined word “culmination” mean in Paragraph 1
A.Top. B.Celebration.
C.Tradition. D.Trouble.
(　　)2.What did the author do in the Cantonese BBQ shop
A.She ate a whole roast duck.
B.She took a roast duck.
C.She asked to cook a duck herself.
D.She took beautiful photos of the duck.
(　　)3.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A.The shops the author went to.
B.The author’s love of Chinese food.
C.The author’s preparation for dinner.
D.The suggestions the author’s father gave.
(　　)4.What can we say about the author from the text
A.She is living with her father.
B.She is a madwoman.
C.She is a world famous writer.
D.She is proud of Chinese culture.
B
Ireland has had a very difficult history.The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.For hundreds of years,the Irish people fought against the English.Finally,in 1921,the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland.The result is that today there are two “Irelands”.Northern Ireland,in the north,is part of the United Kingdom.The Republic of Ireland,in the south,is an independent country.
In the 1840s,the main crop,potatoes,was affected by disease and many people died of hunger.This,and a shortage of work,forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA,the UK,Australia and Canada.As a result of these problems,the population fell.
For many years,the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.Today,many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices.Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside,where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly.Oscar Wilde,a famous Irish writer,once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”.Since independence,Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music,language,literature and singing.Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin,whistles,etc.
(　　)5.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1
A.How the Irish fought against the English.
B.How Ireland gained independence.
C.How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.
D.How two “Irelands” came into being.
(　　)6.What can we learn from the text
A.In Ireland,food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population.
B.In Ireland,people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside.
C.In Ireland,it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.
D.In Ireland,different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments.
(　　)7.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The Irish character.
B.Irish culture.
C.Irish musical instruments.
D.A famous Irish writer.
(　　)8.What can be the best title for the text
A.Life in Ireland
B.A Very Difficult History
C.Ireland,Past and Present
D.The Independence of Ireland
Ⅱ.完形填空
People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries.And in the following 300 years,there were so many changes in both places that now people can easily　1　 an English person from an American in the 　2　 he or she talks.
Many old words　3　 in England but were kept in America.For example,300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they 　4　 either a “faucet”“spigot”,or a “tap”.All these words are still heard in different parts of America,but only “tap” is still common in England.Americans often make 　5　 new words or change old ones.“Corn” is one kind of plant in America and another in England.
Also,over the last three centuries the English language has　6　 thousands of new words for things that weren’t 　7　 before.And often,American and English people used two 　8　 names for them.A tin can is called “tin” for short in England,but a “can” in America.The word “radio” is 　9　 all over the world,including America.But many English people call it a “wireless”.And almost anything 　10　 something to do with cars,railroads,etc.,has different 　11　 in British and American English.
But now American and British English may be 　12　 closer together.One thing is that 　13　 people can hear a large amount of American speech daily in 　14　,on television,or from travellers.Because of this,American English 　15　 to be influencing the British English more and more.So some day,English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic.
(　　)1.A.pick B.tell
C.take D.judge
(　　)2.A.voice B.place
C.language D.way
(　　)3.A.disappeared B.stayed
C.returned D.formed
(　　)4.A.said B.talked
C.spoke D.called
(　　)5.A.of B.into
C.up D.out
(　　)6.A.discovered B.added
C.improved D.learnt
(　　)7.A.accepted B.known
C.introduced D.understood
(　　)8.A.new B.short
C.different D.surprising
(　　)9.A.produced B.made
C.developed D.used
(　　)10.A.having B.bringing
C.getting D.making
(　　)11.A.types B.names
C.degrees D.parts
(　　)12.A.putting B.leaving
C.living D.growing
(　　)13.A.British B.American
C.educated D.ordinary
(　　)14.A.families B.buses
C.movies D.newspapers
(　　)15.A.needs B.expects
C.seems D.happens
Ⅲ.写作训练
某英文杂志社正在举办题为“The City I Like Best”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文向杂志社投稿,介绍你最喜欢的城市——昆明。要点如下:
1.位于中国西南部,历史悠久;
2.气候宜人,是著名的旅游城市;美食种类多。
　　注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词语:滇池Dianchi;绿湖公园　Green Lake Park。
The City I Like Best

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